精品解析：福建省漳州市长泰区2023-2024学年八年级上学期期中练习英语试题

2023-2024学年上学期长泰区期中练习八年级英语试卷 （满分150分 考试时间120分钟） I. 听力（共三节，20小题；每小题1. 5分，满分30分） 第一节 听下面五个句子，从每小题所给的A、B、C三幅图中选出与句子内容相符的选项。（每个句子读两遍） 1. A. B. C. 2. A. B. C. 3. A. B. C. 4. A. B. C. 5. A. B. C. 第二节 听下面七段对话，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出正确答案。（每段对话读两遍） 6. How often does Alice go cycling? A. Seldom. B. Often. C. Never. 7. What’s the relationship (关系) between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Father and daughter. C. Doctor and patient. 8. What will the man do? A. Make a cake. B. Wash some vegetables. C. Wash some fruit. 9. What are they talking about? A. School rules. B. Traffic problems. C. Health problems. 听对话，回答以下各小题。 10. What is Michael doing now? A. He is sleeping in bed. B. He is playing table tennis. C. He is watching a table tennis game. 11. What’s his mom’s advice? A. Have lunch. B. Have a good sleep. C. Have supper. 听对话，回答以下各小题。 12. What will they do this Saturday? A. Watch a game. B. Play basketball. C. See a movie. 13. When will they meet ? A. At 7:30 p. m. B: At 8:00 p. m. C. At 8:30 p. m. 听对话，回答以下各小题。 14. Where is Tony now? A. At home. B. In the club. C. In the school. 15. What’s Bob’s message? A. To bring his MP4 to school. B. To buy a MP4 for Tony’s sister. C. To borrow the MP4 from Tony’s classmate. 第三节 听下面短文，根据你所听到的内容，完成以下表格，每空填一词。（短文读三遍） Keeping good hand-washing habits in daily lives Wash hands at the 16 time When you come back home after going 17 . After you use the bathroom. Before you 18 or eat food. Wash hands under running water Wash hands for at least 19 seconds. 20 your hands if they are clean. II. 选择填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的正确答案。 1. —Mike, my leg was hurt. Could you give me ________ hand? —No problem. A. a B. the C. / 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——迈克，我的腿受伤了。你能帮我一把吗？——没问题。 考查冠词。a一个，表泛指；the表特指。give me a hand“帮我一把”，故选A。 2. Look at this cool model rocket. I made it all by ________! A. my B. mine C. myself 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：看这个很酷的模型火箭。全部是我独自做的。 考查代词辨析。my我的，形容词性物主代词；mine我的，名词性物主代词；myself我自己，反身代词。根据“I made it all by ...”可知，all by oneself“单独，独自”，固定短语；由“I”可知，反身代词应用myself。故选C。 3. Doing morning exercises every day is good ________ our bodies. A. at B. for C. to 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：每天做早操对我们的身体有好处。 考查形容词短语。be good at擅长……；be good for对……有好处；be good to对……好。根据“Doing morning exercises every day is good…our bodies.”可知，此处表示做早操对身体有好处，应用be good for。故选B。 4. —Would you like some ________? —Yes, please. I love drinking it. A. beef B. coffee C. sandwiches 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——你想要一些咖啡吗？——是的，请。我喜欢喝咖啡。 考查名词辨析。beef牛肉；coffee咖啡；sandwiches三明治。根据“I love drinking it”可知，此处是问是否要一些可以喝的东西，故选B。 5. —I don’t know ________ I can win, but I will try my best. —I believe you can do it. A. whether B. while C. because 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——我不知道是否能赢，但我会尽力而为。——我相信你能做到。 考查连词。whether是否；while当……时；because因为。根据“I don’t know…I can win, but I will try my best.”可知是指不知道是否能赢，故选A。 6. —Maria, why are you so happy today? —Because there ________ an important table tennis game this evening. A. is going to have B. is going to be C. are going to be 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——玛丽亚，你今天为什么这么高兴？——因为今晚有一场重要的乒乓球比赛。 考查there be句型的一般将来时。there be句型的一般将来时结构为there will be或there is/are going to be。主语是“an important table tennis game”，为单数，所以用there is going to be。故选B。 7. —Could you please help me carry my books? —No problem. I am ________ to do it. A. strong enough B. weak enough C. serious enough 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——你能帮我搬我的书吗？——没有问题。我足够强壮去做这件事。 考查形容词。strong enough足够强壮；weak enough足够弱；serious enough足够严肃。根据“No problem.”可知，这是肯定回答，表示愿意帮对方搬书，所以是足够强壮。故选A。 8. It’s necessary for us ________ English more often. A. practice B. practicing C. to practice 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们有必要更经常地练习英语。 考查动词不定式。句中包含句型“It is+形容词+for sb. to do sth.”，意为“做某事对某人来说是……的”，所以要填入动词不定式，此处动词不定式作真正的主语。故选C。 9. —Must I return you the skateboard at once? —No, you ________. You can keep it for another week. A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. can’t 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——我必须马上把滑板还给你吗？——不，你不必。你可以再借一个星期。 考查情态动词。mustn’t禁止；needn’t不必；can’t不能，不会。由must引导的一般疑问句，否定回答用don’t have to或needn’t，表示“不必”。故选B。 10. My brother looks ________. I think he might stay up late last night. A. tired B. excited C. surprised 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：我哥哥看起来很累。我想他昨晚可能熬夜。 考查形容词辨析。tired疲惫的；excited兴奋的；surprised惊讶的。根据“I think he might stay up late last night.”可知因为熬夜，所以看起来很累。故选A。 11. —May I ask you some questions, Dr. Yang? —________. A. You are welcome B. No, I’m busy C. Sure, go ahead 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——杨博士，我可以问你一些问题吗？——当然可以，问吧。 考查情景交际。You are welcome不客气，通常用于回应别人的感谢；No, I’m busy不，我很忙，这种回答比较生硬和不礼貌；Sure, go ahead当然可以，问吧。“May I ask you some questions?”是委婉地表示请求，C项表示同意。故选C。 12. —________ have you been like this, Ann? —About a week. A. How often B. How long C. How soon 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——安，你像这样有多久了？——大约一周。 考查特殊疑问句。how often意为“多久一次”；how long意为“多长时间”；how soon意为“多久以后”。根据答语“About a week”（大约一周）可知，是在询问持续时间，故选B。 13. —What time do you want to go to the supermarket? —Let’s ________ it 8:00 on Sunday morning. A. make B. take C. meet 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——你想什么时候去超市？——我们就定在周日早上8：00吧。 考查动词辨析。make作出（决定、估计等）；take拿；meet见。根据“Let’s…it 8:00 on Sunday morning.”可知是指定在周日早上8：00。“make it+时间”指把时间定在几点。故选A。 14. —I have a serious cold. —You should ________. A. see a dentist B. go to school C. drink more water 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——我感冒很严重。——你应该多喝水。 考查动词短语。see a dentist看牙医；go to school去上学；drink more water多喝水。根据“I have a serious cold.”可知感冒时应多喝水，有助于身体恢复。故选C。 15. —It’s a pity that we lost the game! —________ You’ll do better next time. A. How terrible! B. That’s great! C. Keep trying! 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意: ——很遗憾我们输了比赛! ——继续努力！你下次会做得更好。 考查情景交际。How terrible! 太糟糕了；That’s great! 太好了；Keep trying!继续努力。根据上文“It’s a pity that we lost the game!”可知，此处应是对对方的鼓励，故选C。 III. 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分） Martin is a Back (后卫) now. But when he was a baby, he had a cancer. From then on, he couldn’t see ____16____. However, he liked sports and he ____17____ wanted to play football. When he told his parents about it, “No way!” said his dad. “How is this going to be ____18____ for you to get out there and play?” But young Martin didn’t ____19____. He called many coaches (教练) to talk about his interest in football. At last, one of them said, “OK, I’ll give you a ____20____ to have a try”. Martin joined his team. He did quite well, ____21____ the coach made him a Back. “It’s not easy,” he said, “It’s all about ____22____ as a group. I have to believe them 100%.” Martin’s teammates take him ____23____ the court. His dad talks to him from the outside using a walkie-talkie (对讲机), which helps Martin to hear through his helmet (头盔). “I don’t even want the team to know that I can’t see,” he said. Last month, his team won ____24____ place in a game against another team. He said his ____25____ is to be the winner in the National Football League (联盟). He also wished everyone of us could be successful. 16. A. something B. everything C. anything 17. A. really B. widely C. slowly 18. A. terrible B. possible C. careful 19. A. give up B. put up C. build up 20. A. chance B. message C. cause 21. A. but B. so C. or 22. A. hitting B. playing C. throwing 23. A. on B. in C. to 24. A. a B. one C. first 25. A. dream B. fight C. score 【答案】16. C 17. A 18. B 19. A 20. A 21. B 22. B 23. C 24. C 25. A 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了马丁没有因为疾病而放弃喜爱的足球。 【16题详解】 句意：从那时起，他什么也看不见。 something某物；everything每件事；anything任何事。根据“But when he was a baby, he had a cancer.”可知是指因为疾病而导致什么也看不见。anything用于否定句，故选C。 【17题详解】 句意：然而，他喜欢运动，他真的很想踢足球。 really真的；widely宽广；slowly慢。根据“he liked sports”可知是指他真的很想踢足球。故选A。 【18题详解】 句意：你怎么可能出去并去踢呢？ terrible糟糕的；possible可能的；careful仔细的。因为疾病原因，父亲认为他是不可能踢足球，故选B。 【19题详解】 句意：但年轻的马丁并没有放弃。 give up放弃；put up张贴；build up建立。根据“He called many coaches (教练) to talk about his interest in football.”可知虽然父亲反对，可他并没有放弃，故选A。 【20题详解】 句意：好的，我给你一个尝试的机会。 chance机会；message信息；cause原因。根据“to have a try”可知是指一个尝试的机会。故选A。 【21题详解】 句意：他做得很好，所以教练给他封了后卫。 but但是；so因此；or或者。前后是因果关系，故选B。 【22题详解】 句意：这一切都是为了作为一个团队一起踢。 hitting击；playing玩；throwing扔。此处是指作为一个团队一起踢足球，故选B。 23题详解】 句意：马丁的队友带他去球场。 on在……上面；in在……里面；to到。take sb to“带某人去”，故选C。 【24题详解】 句意：上个月，他的球队在与另一支球队的比赛中获得了第一名。 a一个；one一个；first第一。first place“第一名”，故选C。 【25题详解】 句意：他说他梦想是成为国家足球联赛的冠军。 dream梦想；fight战斗；score分数。根据“to be the winner in the National Football League”可知是指梦想，故选A。 IV. 阅读理解。（共两节，25小题，满分45分） 第一节阅读下面四篇材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。（每小题2分，共40分） A Beijing Opera City Time: Summer season (June 1st-September 30th): 8:30 a. m. -6:00 p. m. every day Winter season (October 1st-May 31): 9:00 a. m. -5:00 p. m. every day The City closed dates: The following dates: the 1st and 2nd days of January Bad weather: Before getting here, we advise you to make sure if the City is open on the Internet. In bad weather, the city may be closed for safety reasons (原因). Price: Adult (成年人) ticket: ￥50 Child ticket: ￥30 Family ticket: ￥110 (2 adults & 1 child between 6-14 years old) ◆Free for children under 6 years old Booking: Buy tickets at the gate of the opera theater. You can also book the tickets on the Internet or by phone. 26. What time can you choose to visit the City in summer holiday? A. 2:00 p. m. on February 19th. B. 8:00 a. m. on July 5th. C. 9:00 a. m. on August 15th. D. 8:30 a. m. on October 4th. 27. The City may be closed when ________. A. the weather is bad. B. there are no visitors. C. the road is busy. D. there is no ticket left. 28. How much should two adults with a 15-year-old child pay for visiting the City? A. ￥80 B. ￥100 C. ￥110 D. Y130 29. Where can you book tickets if you want to go there? ①In the opera theater ②At the school gate ③On the Internet ④On the phone A. ①②③ B. ②③④ C. ①③④ D. ①②④ 30. From the article, we can know that ________. A the City is closed for only 2 days during a year. B. a 5-year-old child can visit the City for free. C. the City is open for 6 hours every day in winter. D. we can know more by sending a letter to the City. 【答案】26. C 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了北京京剧城的开放时间、闭馆日期、票价以及订票方式等信息。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Summer season (June 1st - September 30th): 8:30 a.m. - 6:00 p.m. every day”可知，暑假期间可以在8:30 a.m. - 6:00 p.m.这个时间段内参观，选项C中“8月15号上午9点”符合要求，故选C。 【27题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Bad weather: Before getting here, we advise you to make sure if the City is open on the Internet. In bad weather, the city may be closed for safety reasons (原因).”可知，天气不好时京剧城可能会关闭，故选A。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Adult (成年人) ticket: ￥50 Child ticket: ￥30”可知，两个成年人和一个15岁的孩子需要支付50×2 + 30 = 130元，故选D。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Buy tickets at the gate of the opera theater. You can also book the tickets on the Internet or by phone.”可知，可以在歌剧院门口、网上或通过电话订票，故选C。 【30题详解】 细节理解题。根据“◆Free for children under 6 years old”可知，6岁以下的儿童免费参观，选项B中“一个5岁小孩”符合要求，故选B。 B I’m a mom to a child with special needs. I know how important it is for kids like my daughter to live a normal (正常的) life, so I always try my best to meet her needs. Many years ago, I bought my daughter a special bike. It was very dear but it could help her move freely. Now she’s too big for it. I didn’t want to throw it away, so I decided to post it online and gave it away to another family who needed it. A family came to take the bike, and we had a good talk about life. They had a 7-year-old daughter. Because of her own special needs, she couldn’t play around with her brothers and sisters. We shared a few tears (眼泪) but we were happy for their daughter to ride her first bike at the age of 7, instead of just watching others. A few days later the family shared me a video of their daughter riding the bike and having a lot of fun with other kids. I believed I did the good thing after seeing her smiling face. This little thing taught me a lot and I would never forget it. Doing something small can make a big difference in someone’s life. 31. About the writer’s daughter, we know that ________. A. she couldn’t move freely B. she bought a bike C. she gave away her bike D. she lived a normal life 32. Why did the mom give away her daughter’s special bike? A. Because she wanted to post it online. B. Because her daughter didn’t want it anymore. C. Because her daughter was too big for it. D. Because another family needed it badly. 33. What do we know about the two daughters? A. They were both at the same age. B. They both had special needs. C. They both didn’t like to join others. D. They both had brothers and sisters. 34. How did the writer feel after seeing the video? A. Happy. B. Lucky. C. Sad. D. Angry. 35. What can we learn from the story? A. Some people don’t need help. B. Tears can bring more happiness. C. It’s important to give kids a special bike. D. A small thing can make a big difference. 【答案】31. A 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一位母亲将女儿不再使用的特殊自行车送给另一个有需要的家庭的故事，体现了小小的善举能给他人生活带来很大影响。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Many years ago, I bought my daughter a special bike. It was very dear but it could help her move freely.”可知，作者的女儿因为特殊需求不能自由移动，所以作者给她买了一辆特殊的自行车帮助她自由移动，故选A。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Now she’s too big for it. I didn’t want to throw it away, so I decided to post it online and gave it away to another family who needed it.”可知，作者把自行车送给别人是因为女儿长大了，自行车对她来说太小了，故选C。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据“I know how important it is for kids like my daughter to live a normal (正常的) life, so I always try my best to meet her needs.”以及“A family came to take the bike, and we had a good talk about life. They had a 7-year-old daughter. Because of her own special needs...”可知，两个女儿都有特殊需求，故选B。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据“A few days later, the family shared me a video of their daughter riding the bike and having a lot of fun with other kids. I believed I did the good thing after seeing her smiling face.”可知，作者看到视频后感到高兴，因为她觉得自己做了一件好事，故选A。 【35题详解】 主旨大意题。根据“This little thing taught me a lot and I would never forget it. Doing something small can make a big difference in someone’s life.”可知，从这个故事中我们可以学到，一件小事可以对某人的生活产生很大的影响，故选D。 C Most people around the world don’t have basic food skills. That’s why many countries are paying attention to food education in schools. They want students to have a good relationship (关系) with food and know about its importance in different ways. In the UK, students from 7 to 14 must learn to cook some easy meals. By this way, students can learn a useful skill and good food habits. Sometimes they can make meals for their parents when they are busy working, such as hamburgers, sandwiches and so on. In the US, schools use a farm-to-school way. They buy fresh food from local farms for their dining hall. Students also go on trips to the farms. In some areas, US students learn to garden, too. When they grow their own fruit and vegetables, they respect (尊重) food more. They also try not to waste it. Japan even has a rule on food education. Students can’t go to school without breakfast, and they can’t eat fast food. Students are living healthier lives because of good food education. So all of the students learn about not only healthy eating but also food production (生产) and waste. They learn to make different kinds of food, too. 36. What does the underlined phrase “paying attention to” mean in Chinese? A. 关注 B. 忽视 C. 停止 D. 发现 37. In which country must students learn to cook meals? A. In China. B. In the UK. C. In America. D. In Japan. 38. Japan makes a rule on food education to ________. A. help students save food B. make students eat fast food C. make students eat healthily D. make students have lunch at school 39. Which is TRUE (正确的) about the article? A. Students in the US have their farms. B. Most students have good food skills. C. Students can learn to garden in all areas. D. Students can learn about healthy eating at school. 40. What is the structure (结构) of the passage? A. B. C. D. 【答案】36. A 37. B 38. C 39. D 40. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了全球许多人缺乏基本的技能，因此政府开始关注学校的食品教育。 【36题详解】 词义猜测题。根据“That’s why many countries are paying attention to food education in schools.”可知，后文提到了学校的食品教育，因此推断划线词是“关注”，故选A。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据“In the UK, students from 7 to 14 must learn to cook some easy meals.”可知，在英国，7至14岁的学生必须学会做一些简单的饭菜。故选B。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Japan even has a rule on food education…Students are living healthier lives because of good food education.”可知，日本政府对食品教育有规定，是为了让学生吃得健康。故选C。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据“So all of the students learn about not only healthy eating but also food production (生产) and waste.”可知，学生可以在学校学习健康饮食。故选D。 【40题详解】 篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段提出政府关注学校的食品教育；第二段至第四段分别介绍了英国，美国以及日本的具体例子来详细说明；最后一段总起全文，强调学生学习食品教育的积极影响。故选B。 D Hangzhou held the 19th Asian Games from Sept 23rd to Oct 8th. The Games are very “smart” with the use of many technologies (科技). Every dish at the Asian Games should be safe and healthy to eat. So in the kitchen, there is an alarm system (警报系统) that can tell people’s faces. If an unknown person goes into the kitchen, the alarm will make loud sound to let people know. The host of the kitchen will also get messages on their phones. There are self-driving buses at many stadiums (场馆). They run at a speed of no more than 50 kilometers each hour. They “know” when to slow down if traffic lights turn red and then change quickly. Is it safe? Of course, no need to worry! If you want to walk around at the stadium but can’t go there in person, you can try the Hangzhou Asian Games’ metaverse (元宇宙). There’s a mini program (小程序) on Alipay. You can get into an online world through it. Then you can see the stadiums both from the outside and inside. Also, you can even talk with other online users. Say that you want to watch one of the events but you can’t find your way, it doesn’t matter. Augmented Reality (AR) is here to help. There’s a mini program called the Hangzhou Asian Games AR service. You only need to turn on your phone’s camera and it will see where you are and then show you the way. 41. What’s the purpose (目的) of the alarm system in the kitchen? A. To watch cooks there. B. To make sure the food is safe. C. To tell people’s faces. D. To let the host get the messages. 42. What can self-driving buses do? A. They can change traffic lights. B. They can run at a very quick speed. C. They don’t need to wait for the red light. D. They will slow down when the lights turn red. 43. What can you do in Hangzhou Asian Games’ metaverse? A. Pay by Alipay. B. Take some photos. C. See the real stadiums. D. Speak with other online users. 44. What can help people find their ways? A. The metaverse. B. The AR service. C. The alarm system. D. The self-driving buses. 45. In which part of a newspaper can we find this article? A. Science B. Health C. Sports D. Education 【答案】41. B 42. D 43. D 44. B 45. C 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了第19届杭州亚运会的智能科技应用。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Every dish at the Asian Games should be safe and healthy to eat. So in the kitchen, there is an alarm system that can tell people’s faces.” 可知，警报系统是为了确保食物安全，故选B。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据“They ‘know’ when to slow down if traffic lights turn red and then change quickly.” 可知，自驾巴士在红灯时会减速，故选D。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Also, you can even talk with other online users.” 可知，在杭州亚运会的元宇宙中可以与其他在线用户交流，故选D。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Augmented Reality (AR) is here to help… it will see where you are and then show you the way.” 可知，AR服务可以帮助人们找到路，故选B。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。本文介绍的是杭州亚运会的相关内容，适合出现在体育版块，故选C。 第二节 （共5小题：每小题1分，满分5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯，意思完整。 Nowadays, there are many different kinds of drinks, and almost young people enjoy them. But we all know drinks are bad for our health. So it’s important for us to drink water instead of drinks. ___46___ Lose weight (体重) faster You don’t have to exercise but just keep away from drinks for 9 days. It is the same as running for 8 kilometers a day! ___47___ If you follow them, you will see the result (结果) soon. Help your brain work well Sometimes when you have to stay up late for a test, a cup of tea or coffee is usually put at the side of your desk. But just by drinking water, your brain can work well. ___48___ That’s because 75 to 85 percent (百分比) of your brain is water. ___49___ If you want to look young and beautiful as long as possible, drink a glass of water at once! Keep on doing it for longer, and you will be surprised to see that your skin is clean and feel soft. Save money ___50___ The price of water is much lower than that of drinks. Drink 5 glasses of water every day or pay money for seeing doctors? Think about it! A. Stop you from getting old quickly. B. So write down your plans on a piece of paper. C. How much money do you spend on drinks every week? D. And you can also remember things quickly and better. E. Here are some reasons. 【答案】46. E 47. B 48. D 49. A 50. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了喝水相较于喝饮料的好处。 【46题详解】 根据“So it’s important for us to drink water instead of drinks.”可知，设空处应该是引出下文喝水的好处的内容。选项E“这里有一些原因。”符合语境。故选E。 【47题详解】 根据“You don’t have to exercise but just keep away from drinks for 9 days. It is the same as running for 8 kilometers a day!”以及“If you follow them, you will see the result (结果) soon.”可知，设空处应该是与减肥计划相关的内容。选项B“所以把你的计划写在一张纸上。”符合语境。故选B。 【48题详解】 根据“But just by drinking water, your brain can work well.”以及“That’s because 75 to 85 percent (百分比) of your brain is water.”可知，设空处应该是喝水对大脑的其他好处。选项D“并且你也能更快更好地记住事情。”符合语境。故选D。 【49题详解】 根据“If you want to look young and beautiful as long as possible, drink a glass of water at once!”可知，设空处应该是喝水对延缓衰老的作用相关内容。选项A“阻止你快速变老。”符合语境。故选A。 【50题详解】 根据“Save money”以及“The price of water is much lower than that of drinks.”可知，设空处应该是关于在饮料上花钱的内容。选项C“你每周在饮料上花多少钱？”符合语境。故选C。 V. 情景交际（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据情景提示，从所给的五个选项中选择正确的选项将对话补充完整。 51. 别人不小心撞到你了，向你道歉，你可以这样回应： _____________________________________________________. 【答案】It’s nothing/Never mind/That’s all right/It doesn’t matter 【解析】 【详解】根据情景“别人不小心撞到你向你道歉”，你应该表示“没关系”，英语表达为It’s nothing/Never mind/That’s all right/It doesn’t matter，故填It’s nothing/Never mind/That’s all right/It doesn’t matter。 52. 下周Sally要参加乡村排球赛，你希望她们队会赢，你会这么说： I hope _____________________________________________________. 【答案】your team will win 【解析】 【详解】根据已知信息可知，此处表达为“我希望你们队会赢”。hope意为“希望”，后接that引导的宾语从句作为宾语，that可以省略；your team意为“你们队”，will win意为“将会赢”，宾语从句需用一般将来时。故填your team will win。 53. 你的好朋友看起来很伤心，你想知道怎么了，可以这样问： _____________________________________________________? 【答案】What’s the matter /What’s wrong (with you) 【解析】 【详解】根据情景，好朋友看起来很伤心，你想知道怎么了，可以询问对方“你怎么了”，用What’s the matter /What’s wrong (with you)表达。故填What’s the matter /What’s wrong (with you) “你怎么了”。 54. 你和Maria相约去图书馆，你想知道见面时间，可以这样问： _____________________________________________________? 【答案】When shall we meet 【解析】 【详解】根据情景，你和Maria相约去图书馆，你想知道见面时间，可以询问“我们什么时候见面”，用“When shall we meet”表示。故填When shall we meet 。 55. 你姐姐提醒你不要在阳光下看书，她会这么说： _____________________________________________________ 【答案】Don’t read in the sun. /You’d better not read in the sun. /You shouldn’t read in the sun. 【解析】 【详解】根据情景可知，可以说“不要在太阳底下看书/你最好不要再太阳底下看书/你不应该在太阳底下看书”。Don’t do sth“不要做某事”；read in the sun“在太阳底下看书”；you“你”；you’d better not do sth“最好不要做某事”；shouldn’t“不应该”。故填Don’t read in the sun. /You’d better not read in the sun. /You shouldn’t read in the sun. VI. 看图写话（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据每小题所提供的图画情景和提示词，写出一个与图画情景相符的句子。 56. tomorrow ________________________________________________________ 57. mind ________________________________________________________ 58. prefer ________________________________________________________ 59. should, dustbin ________________________________________________________ 60. way, keep ________________________________________________________ 【答案】56. They are going to/will climb mountains/hills tomorrow./They are going to/will climb a mountain/hill tomorrow./They will go mountain climbing tomorrow. 57. Would you mind not smoking? 58. He/The boy prefers (playing) basketball./He/The boy prefers (playing) basketball to (playing) football. 59. We/You should put litter into the dustbin. 60. Swimming is a good way to keep healthy/fit. 【解析】 【56题详解】 根据图片和提示词，表达可以为“他们明天要去爬山”，时态为一般将来时，结构为will后接动词原形，they“他们”；climb mountains“爬山”；tomorrow“明天”。故填They are going to/will climb mountains/hills tomorrow./They are going to/will climb a mountain/hill tomorrow./They will go mountain climbing tomorrow. 【57题详解】 根据图片和提示词，表达可以为“你介意不抽烟吗”，Would you mind not doing sth“你介意不……吗”；smoke“抽烟”，故填Would you mind not smoking? 【58题详解】 根据图片和提示词，表达可以为“比起足球，他更喜欢篮球”，时态为一般现在时，he“他”后接动词三单形式；prefer A to B“比起B来更喜欢A”，basketball“篮球”；football“足球”。故填He/The boy prefers (playing) basketball./He/The boy prefers (playing) basketball to (playing) football. 【59题详解】 根据图片和提示词，表达可以为“我们应该把垃圾扔垃圾桶”，we“我们”；should“应该”，后接动词原形；put litter into the dustbin“把垃圾扔垃圾桶”。故填We/You should put litter into the dustbin. 【60题详解】 根据图片和提示词，表达可以为“游泳是保持健康的好方法”，时态为一般现在时，Swimming“游泳”；sth is a good way to do“某事是做……的好方法”，keep healthy“保持健康”。故填Swimming is a good way to keep healthy/fit. VII. 短文填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，根据语境，音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确，形式正确，使短文意思完整，行文连贯。 Nowadays, more and more people like ordering takeout (外卖). It is very ___61___ /ˈpɒpjələ(r)/ with young people. But did people eat takeout in ancient times? Maybe you don’t think so. ___62___ fact, there was takeout even in the Song Dynasty. According to history books, Emperor Xiaozong liked to order takeout at night. His servants (仆人) went around the city and ___63___ (bring) the food back. Many other people also ordered takeout. The workers in the restaurants spent much energy ___64___ (shout) loudly in the street so that more people would come out to watch. ___65___ they ordered the dishes, the workers would take food to their homes. ___66___ (final), they could have the dishes they like. In ___67___ famous painting Along the River During the Qingming Festival (《清明上河图》), we can see a takeout worker walking with a meal box in ___68___ (he) hand. People at that time even made special meal ___69___ (box) for takeout dishes. They also did their best to _____70_____ /ɪnˈvent/ warming bowls made of two layers (层). Boiled water could be put between them to keep the dishes warm. By doing so, they could have hot meals at anytime. 【答案】61. popular 62. In 63. brought 64. shouting 65. If##When 66. Finally 67. the 68. his 69. boxes 70. invent 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了外卖在现代很受欢迎，并讲述了古代也有外卖的相关情况。 【61题详解】 句意：它在年轻人中很受欢迎。根据音标/ˈpɒpjələ(r)/可知是“受欢迎的”，即popular，“be popular with…”表示“在……中受欢迎”，故填popular。 【62题详解】 句意：事实上，甚至在宋朝就有外卖了。“in fact”表示“事实上”，故填In。 【63题详解】 句意：他的仆人在城里四处走动并把食物带回来。根据“went”可知是一般过去时，“bring”的过去式是“brought”，故填brought。 【64题详解】 句意：餐馆里的工人在街上大声喊叫花费了很多精力，以便更多的人会出来观看。“spend…(in) doing sth.”表示“花费……做某事”，故填shouting。 【65题详解】 句意：如果/当他们点菜时，工人会把食物送到他们家。可以用“if”表示条件，也可以用“when”表示时间，故填If/When。 【66题详解】 句意：最后，他们可以吃到他们喜欢的菜。此处用副词“finally”修饰整个句子，故填Finally。 【67题详解】 句意：在著名的绘画《清明上河图》中。此处是专有名词，表示世界上独一无二的东西，“the famous painting”表示特指，故填the。 【68题详解】 句意：我们可以看到一个外卖工人手里拿着一个饭盒走着。饭盒应该是在外卖工人手里，“in one’s hand”表示“在某人手里”，此处指外卖工人的手，故填his。 【69题详解】 句意：那时的人们甚至为外卖菜肴制作了特殊的饭盒。根据“People at that time even made special meal…”可知，此处用复数形式“boxes”表示泛指，故填boxes。 【70题详解】 句意：他们也尽最大努力发明由两层制成的保温碗。根据音标/ɪnˈvent/可知是“发明”，即动词invent，“try one’s best to do sth.”表示“尽某人最大努力做某事”，故填invent。 VIII. 书面表达（满分15分） 71. 健康的生活习惯对于成长中的我们非常重要。作为一名中学生，你认为该如何保持健康的生活方式呢？请结合以下思维导图用英语提出一些合理可行的建议。 注意： （1）要点齐全，条理清晰，语句通顺，适当拓展； （2）80词左右，开头已经给出，不计入总词数。 It’s important for students to keep a healthy life. As a student, what can we do? Here are some suggestions for us to stay healthy. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 It’s important for students to keep a healthy life. As a student, what can we do? Here are some suggestions for us to stay healthy. First, we should maintain good eating habits by consuming a balanced diet with plenty of fruit and vegetables. Avoid junk food and sugary drinks. Second, regular exercise is essential. Aim to exercise at least 30 minutes every day, such as jogging, swimming, or playing sports. Third, ensure you get enough sleep. Go to bed and wake up at regular times to ensure at least 8 hours of sleep per night. Lastly, manage stress by engaging in relaxing activities like reading or listening to music. 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：一般现在时； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生注意不要遗漏要点，并适当添加细节，突出重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，引出主题，介绍保持健康的建议； 第二步，依据要点，介绍具体建议。 [亮点词汇] ①regular exercise规律锻炼 ②at least至少 ③wake up唤醒 [高分句型] Go to bed and wake up at regular times to ensure at least 8 hours of sleep per night.（祈使句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2023-2024学年上学期长泰区期中练习八年级英语试卷 （满分150分 考试时间120分钟） I. 听力（共三节，20小题；每小题1. 5分，满分30分） 第一节 听下面五个句子，从每小题所给的A、B、C三幅图中选出与句子内容相符的选项。（每个句子读两遍） 1 A. B. C. 2. A. B. C. 3. A. B. C. 4. A. B. C. 5. A. B. C. 第二节 听下面七段对话，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出正确答案。（每段对话读两遍） 6. How often does Alice go cycling? A. Seldom. B. Often. C. Never. 7. What’s the relationship (关系) between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Father and daughter. C. Doctor and patient. 8. What will the man do? A. Make a cake. B. Wash some vegetables. C. Wash some fruit. 9. What are they talking about? A. School rules. B. Traffic problems. C. Health problems. 听对话，回答以下各小题。 10. What is Michael doing now? A. He is sleeping in bed. B. He is playing table tennis. C. He is watching a table tennis game. 11. What’s his mom’s advice? A. Have lunch. B. Have a good sleep. C. Have supper. 听对话，回答以下各小题。 12. What will they do this Saturday? A. Watch a game. B. Play basketball. C. See a movie. 13. When will they meet ? A. At 7:30 p. m. B: At 8:00 p. m. C. At 8:30 p. m. 听对话，回答以下各小题。 14. Where is Tony now? A. At home. B. In the club. C. In the school. 15. What’s Bob’s message? A. To bring his MP4 to school. B. To buy a MP4 for Tony’s sister. C. To borrow the MP4 from Tony’s classmate. 第三节 听下面短文，根据你所听到的内容，完成以下表格，每空填一词。（短文读三遍） Keeping good hand-washing habits in daily lives Wash hands at the 16 time When you come back home after going 17 . After you use the bathroom. Before you 18 or eat food. Wash hands under running water Wash hands for at least 19 seconds. 20 your hands if they are clean. II. 选择填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的正确答案。 1. —Mike, my leg was hurt. Could you give me ________ hand? —No problem. A. a B. the C. / 2. Look at this cool model rocket. I made it all by ________! A. my B. mine C. myself 3. Doing morning exercises every day is good ________ our bodies. A. at B. for C. to 4. —Would you like some ________? —Yes, please. I love drinking it. A. beef B. coffee C. sandwiches 5. —I don’t know ________ I can win, but I will try my best. —I believe you can do it A. whether B. while C. because 6. —Maria, why are you so happy today? —Because there ________ an important table tennis game this evening. A. is going to have B. is going to be C. are going to be 7. —Could you please help me carry my books? —No problem. I am ________ to do it. A. strong enough B. weak enough C. serious enough 8. It’s necessary for us ________ English more often. A. practice B. practicing C. to practice 9. —Must I return you the skateboard at once? —No, you ________. You can keep it for another week. A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. can’t 10. My brother looks ________. I think he might stay up late last night. A. tired B. excited C. surprised 11. —May I ask you some questions, Dr. Yang? —________. A. You are welcome B. No, I’m busy C. Sure, go ahead 12. —________ have you been like this, Ann? —About a week. A. How often B. How long C. How soon 13. —What time do you want to go to the supermarket? —Let’s ________ it 8:00 on Sunday morning. A. make B. take C. meet 14. —I have a serious cold. —You should ________. A. see a dentist B. go to school C. drink more water 15. —It’s a pity that we lost the game! —________ You’ll do better next time. A How terrible! B. That’s great! C. Keep trying! III. 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分） Martin is a Back (后卫) now. But when he was a baby, he had a cancer. From then on, he couldn’t see ____16____. However, he liked sports and he ____17____ wanted to play football. When he told his parents about it, “No way!” said his dad. “How is this going to be ____18____ for you to get out there and play?” But young Martin didn’t ____19____. He called many coaches (教练) to talk about his interest in football. At last, one of them said, “OK, I’ll give you a ____20____ to have a try”. Martin joined his team. He did quite well, ____21____ the coach made him a Back. “It’s not easy,” he said, “It’s all about ____22____ as a group. I have to believe them 100%.” Martin’s teammates take him ____23____ the court. His dad talks to him from the outside using a walkie-talkie (对讲机), which helps Martin to hear through his helmet (头盔). “I don’t even want the team to know that I can’t see,” he said. Last month, his team won ____24____ place in a game against another team. He said his ____25____ is to be the winner in the National Football League (联盟). He also wished everyone of us could be successful. 16. A. something B. everything C. anything 17. A. really B. widely C. slowly 18. A. terrible B. possible C. careful 19. A. give up B. put up C. build up 20. A. chance B. message C. cause 21. A. but B. so C. or 22. A. hitting B. playing C. throwing 23. A. on B. in C. to 24. A. a B. one C. first 25. A. dream B. fight C. score IV. 阅读理解。（共两节，25小题，满分45分） 第一节阅读下面四篇材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。（每小题2分，共40分） A Beijing Opera City Time: Summer season (June 1st-September 30th): 8:30 a. m. -6:00 p. m. every day Winter season (October 1st-May 31): 9:00 a. m. -5:00 p. m. every day The City closed dates: The following dates: the 1st and 2nd days of January Bad weather: Before getting here we advise you to make sure if the City is open on the Internet. In bad weather, the city may be closed for safety reasons (原因). Price: Adult (成年人) ticket: ￥50 Child ticket: ￥30 Family ticket: ￥110 (2 adults & 1 child between 6-14 years old) ◆Free for children under 6 years old Booking: Buy tickets at the gate of the opera theater. You can also book the tickets on the Internet or by phone. 26. What time can you choose to visit the City in summer holiday? A. 2:00 p. m. on February 19th. B. 8:00 a. m. on July 5th. C. 9:00 a. m. on August 15th. D. 8:30 a. m. on October 4th. 27. The City may be closed when ________. A. the weather is bad. B. there are no visitors. C. the road is busy. D. there is no ticket left. 28. How much should two adults with a 15-year-old child pay for visiting the City? A. ￥80 B. ￥100 C. ￥110 D. Y130 29. Where can you book tickets if you want to go there? ①In the opera theater ②At the school gate ③On the Internet ④On the phone A. ①②③ B. ②③④ C. ①③④ D. ①②④ 30. From the article we can know that ________. A. the City is closed for only 2 days during a year. B. a 5-year-old child can visit the City for free. C. the City is open for 6 hours every day in winter. D. we can know more by sending a letter to the City. B I’m a mom to a child with special needs. I know how important it is for kids like my daughter to live a normal (正常的) life, so I always try my best to meet her needs. Many years ago, I bought my daughter a special bike. It was very dear but it could help her move freely. Now she’s too big for it. I didn’t want to throw it away, so I decided to post it online and gave it away to another family who needed it. A family came to take the bike, and we had a good talk about life. They had a 7-year-old daughter. Because of her own special needs, she couldn’t play around with her brothers and sisters. We shared a few tears (眼泪) but we were happy for their daughter to ride her first bike at the age of 7, instead of just watching others. A few days later, the family shared me a video of their daughter riding the bike and having a lot of fun with other kids. I believed I did the good thing after seeing her smiling face. This little thing taught me a lot and I would never forget it. Doing something small can make a big difference in someone’s life. 31. About the writer’s daughter, we know that ________. A. she couldn’t move freely B. she bought a bike C. she gave away her bike D. she lived a normal life 32. Why did the mom give away her daughter’s special bike? A. Because she wanted to post it online. B. Because her daughter didn’t want it anymore. C. Because her daughter was too big for it. D. Because another family needed it badly. 33. What do we know about the two daughters? A. They were both at the same age. B. They both had special needs. C. They both didn’t like to join others. D. They both had brothers and sisters. 34. How did the writer feel after seeing the video? A. Happy. B. Lucky. C. Sad. D. Angry. 35. What can we learn from the story? A. Some people don’t need help. B. Tears can bring more happiness. C. It’s important to give kids a special bike. D. A small thing can make a big difference. C Most people around the world don’t have basic food skills. That’s why many countries are paying attention to food education in schools. They want students to have a good relationship (关系) with food and know about its importance in different ways. In the UK, students from 7 to 14 must learn to cook some easy meals. By this way, students can learn a useful skill and good food habits. Sometimes they can make meals for their parents when they are busy working, such as hamburgers, sandwiches and so on. In the US, schools use a farm-to-school way. They buy fresh food from local farms for their dining hall. Students also go on trips to the farms. In some areas, US students learn to garden, too. When they grow their own fruit and vegetables, they respect (尊重) food more. They also try not to waste it. Japan even has a rule on food education. Students can’t go to school without breakfast, and they can’t eat fast food. Students are living healthier lives because of good food education. So all of the students learn about not only healthy eating but also food production (生产) and waste. They learn to make different kinds of food, too. 36. What does the underlined phrase “paying attention to” mean in Chinese? A. 关注 B. 忽视 C. 停止 D. 发现 37. In which country must students learn to cook meals? A. In China. B. In the UK. C. In America. D. In Japan. 38. Japan makes a rule on food education to ________. A. help students save food B. make students eat fast food C. make students eat healthily D. make students have lunch at school 39. Which is TRUE (正确的) about the article? A. Students in the US have their farms. B. Most students have good food skills. C. Students can learn to garden in all areas. D. Students can learn about healthy eating at school. 40. What is the structure (结构) of the passage? A. B. C. D. D Hangzhou held the 19th Asian Games from Sept 23rd to Oct 8th. The Games are very “smart” with the use of many technologies (科技). Every dish at the Asian Games should be safe and healthy to eat. So in the kitchen, there is an alarm system (警报系统) that can tell people’s faces. If an unknown person goes into the kitchen, the alarm will make loud sound to let people know. The host of the kitchen will also get messages on their phones. There are self-driving buses at many stadiums (场馆). They run at a speed of no more than 50 kilometers each hour. They “know” when to slow down if traffic lights turn red and then change quickly. Is it safe? Of course, no need to worry! If you want to walk around at the stadium but can’t go there in person, you can try the Hangzhou Asian Games’ metaverse (元宇宙). There’s a mini program (小程序) on Alipay. You can get into an online world through it. Then you can see the stadiums both from the outside and inside. Also, you can even talk with other online users. Say that you want to watch one of the events but you can’t find your way, it doesn’t matter. Augmented Reality (AR) is here to help. There’s a mini program called the Hangzhou Asian Games AR service. You only need to turn on your phone’s camera and it will see where you are and then show you the way. 41. What’s the purpose (目的) of the alarm system in the kitchen? A. To watch cooks there. B. To make sure the food is safe. C. To tell people’s faces. D. To let the host get the messages. 42. What can self-driving buses do? A. They can change traffic lights. B. They can run at a very quick speed. C. They don’t need to wait for the red light. D. They will slow down when the lights turn red. 43. What can you do in Hangzhou Asian Games’ metaverse? A. Pay by Alipay. B. Take some photos. C. See the real stadiums. D. Speak with other online users. 44. What can help people find their ways? A. The metaverse. B. The AR service. C. The alarm system. D. The self-driving buses. 45. In which part of a newspaper can we find this article? A. Science B. Health C. Sports D. Education 第二节 （共5小题：每小题1分，满分5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯，意思完整。 Nowadays, there are many different kinds of drinks, and almost young people enjoy them. But we all know drinks are bad for our health. So it’s important for us to drink water instead of drinks. ___46___ Lose weight (体重) faster You don’t have to exercise but just keep away from drinks for 9 days. It is the same as running for 8 kilometers a day! ___47___ If you follow them, you will see the result (结果) soon. Help your brain work well Sometimes when you have to stay up late for a test, a cup of tea or coffee is usually put at the side of your desk. But just by drinking water, your brain can work well. ___48___ That’s because 75 to 85 percent (百分比) of your brain is water. ___49___ If you want to look young and beautiful as long as possible, drink a glass of water at once! Keep on doing it for longer, and you will be surprised to see that your skin is clean and feel soft. Save money ___50___ The price of water is much lower than that of drinks. Drink 5 glasses of water every day or pay money for seeing doctors? Think about it! A. Stop you from getting old quickly. B. So write down your plans on a piece of paper. C. How much money do you spend on drinks every week? D. And you can also remember things quickly and better. E. Here are some reasons. V. 情景交际（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据情景提示，从所给的五个选项中选择正确的选项将对话补充完整。 51. 别人不小心撞到你了，向你道歉，你可以这样回应： _____________________________________________________. 52. 下周Sally要参加乡村排球赛，你希望她们队会赢，你会这么说： I hope _____________________________________________________. 53. 你的好朋友看起来很伤心，你想知道怎么了，可以这样问： _____________________________________________________? 54. 你和Maria相约去图书馆，你想知道见面时间，可以这样问： _____________________________________________________? 55. 你的姐姐提醒你不要在阳光下看书，她会这么说： _____________________________________________________ VI. 看图写话（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据每小题所提供的图画情景和提示词，写出一个与图画情景相符的句子。 56. tomorrow ________________________________________________________ 57. mind ________________________________________________________ 58. prefer ________________________________________________________ 59. should, dustbin ________________________________________________________ 60. way, keep ________________________________________________________ VII. 短文填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，根据语境，音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确，形式正确，使短文意思完整，行文连贯。 Nowadays, more and more people like ordering takeout (外卖). It is very ___61___ /ˈpɒpjələ(r)/ with young people. But did people eat takeout in ancient times? Maybe you don’t think so. ___62___ fact, there was takeout even in the Song Dynasty. According to history books, Emperor Xiaozong liked to order takeout at night. His servants (仆人) went around the city and ___63___ (bring) the food back. Many other people also ordered takeout. The workers in the restaurants spent much energy ___64___ (shout) loudly in the street so that more people would come out to watch. ___65___ they ordered the dishes, the workers would take food to their homes. ___66___ (final), they could have the dishes they like. In ___67___ famous painting Along the River During the Qingming Festival (《清明上河图》), we can see a takeout worker walking with a meal box in ___68___ (he) hand. People at that time even made special meal ___69___ (box) for takeout dishes. They also did their best to _____70_____ /ɪnˈvent/ warming bowls made of two layers (层). Boiled water could be put between them to keep the dishes warm. By doing so, they could have hot meals at anytime. VIII. 书面表达（满分15分） 71. 健康的生活习惯对于成长中的我们非常重要。作为一名中学生，你认为该如何保持健康的生活方式呢？请结合以下思维导图用英语提出一些合理可行的建议。 注意： （1）要点齐全，条理清晰，语句通顺，适当拓展； （2）80词左右，开头已经给出，不计入总词数。 It’s important for students to keep a healthy life. As a student, what can we do? Here are some suggestions for us to stay healthy. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$