精品解析：河南省叶县高级中学2024-2025学年高一上学期9月月考英语试卷

2024-2025学年叶县高中高一9月月考 英语试题 全卷满分120分，考试时间100分钟 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、考场号、座位号、考生号填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分60分） 第一节 （共19小题；每小题2.5分，满分47.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A We have a variety of student organizations focused on everything from politics and photography to dance and debate. Whatever your interests, you can explore them at Harvard. These are just four of the total 451 organizations. Chinese Cultural Card Games Club The Chinese Cultural Card (games) Club—known as CCCC—serves as a fun way for students to gain an appreciation of Chinese culture as well as improve their analytical thinking, memory, and concentration through Chinese card games. We play Tractor and Guan Dan at weekly meetings. All are welcome to come, including friends not related to Harvard! E: jxie@college.harvard.edu Active Minds Student Chapter at CAMHS Active Minds Student Chapter at CAMHS are student leaders in promoting a supportive student community at Harvard. We work to encourage open conversation about matters of mental health and educate students to deal with resources on campus. E: harvardactiveminds@gmail.com Fall Clean-Up Fall Clean-up is designed to provide new students with additional support and resources (资源) to make it easy to get used to college life by connecting first-year students with peer leaders, schoolmates, and helpful Harvard resources. E: fcu@fas.harvard.edu Accessible Education Office(AEO) The Accessible Education Office(AEO) partners with FAS students with visible and invisible disabilities to identify barriers and implement plans for access. Through collaboration with the campus community, we foster an environment of equity and inclusion. E: aeo@fas.harvard.edu 1. Which club best suits students who want to better analytical thinking? A. Fall Clean-Up. B. Accessible Education Office(AEO). C. Chinese Cultural Card Games Club. D. Active Minds Student Chapter at CAMHS. 2. What is the purpose of Fall Clean-Up? A. To help students with disabilities. B. To help students with mental matters. C To help students adapt to college life. D. To help students make friends on campus. 3. Where is this text probably from? A. A geography magazine. B. A club poster. C. A shopping advertisement. D. A school website. B After graduating from Ontario College of Teachers, I became a teacher at a one-room country school in Aldborough Township. That first day of school as a 19-year-old female teacher was a frightening experience. It was one thing to have graduated as a successful student; it was another thing to face a classroom of little faces that were waiting for the “new teacher.” I had a classroom of 21 children of different shapes and sizes. The youngest was five going on six and the eldest was 16. There were two doors for entrance in my school, one for the girls, one for the boys and just inside each door was a chemical toilet — no outdoor facilities for us! The heat in the building was a wood-burning furnace (火炉) down in the basement. Tending the furnace was one of my responsibilities. Luckily, I knew a bit about starting a fire, so the school didn’t burn down. What I found most difficult was that a parent might take a child out of school for any reason. I had one Dutch family, whose father would keep the children out of school to help with the farm work. Finally, I got tired of this and sent an education officer to solve the problem. Needless to say, I was very unpopular with that father from then on, but the children came to school much more regularly! In the classroom, the older students helped the younger ones with learning, as well as with putting on coats and hats. If someone’s lunch was forgotten, everyone shared a bit of their food. We were a family. We had good times and bad times, but we kept learning. Far beyond maths, social studies, reading, grammar and writing, we learned how to get along with each other. I loved teaching at this small school and knew I was teaching the children about life as much as about subjects. I’d like to believe some students will have an influence on the world that will last long after I am gone. 4. Why did the author feel her first day as a teacher frightening? A. So many students were in class. B. The situations were quite different. C. No outdoor facilities were provided. D. The students were curious about her. 5. What do we know about the school? A. It was poorly equipped. B. The playground was large. C. It was once damaged by a fire. D. The students were of similar age. 6. What was a headache for the author? A. A Dutch family hated her. B. The students preferred farm work. C. The education officer offered little help. D. Some parents ignored children’s education. 7. What can be inferred from Paragraph 5? A. They cared about each other. B. They had an influence on the world. C. They laughed away bad times. D. They did well in almost every subject. C Spending time outdoors has long been linked (联系) to better health. Gardening goes beyond just beautifying outdoor spaces—it can have a deep effect on our physical and mental (身心上的) health. Gardening involves physical activity that works all the main muscle (肌肉) groups, which is helpful for overall health. “Activities such as digging, planting, weeding and harvesting require movement and can help to improve strength,” said Clayton, CEO of an online lawn care company. “Performing these activities regularly can help burn calories, and keep a healthy weight.” Beyond burning calories and building muscle, lots of studies have shown that gardening can improve the immune system (免疫系统). The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends that people get at least 150 minutes of exercise each week, and gardening is listed as a suitable activity. Doing garden work for that time each week can reduce the risk of obesity, high blood pressure and heart disease. Additionally, spending time outdoors makes us get close to natural sunlight, which is important for vitamin D synth. Gardening provides a chance for social connection, too. It can be a shared activity among family members, friends or neighbors, building relationships and a sense of belonging. Gardening also offers cognitive (认知的) benefits. It excites the senses, improves focus and encourages problem-solving and creativity. It provides a chance to learn about plants, ecosystems and the environment, developing a deeper understanding and appreciation for nature. 8. What is Clayton’s attitude towards gardening? A. Supportive. B. Doubtful. C. Unclear D. Uncaring. 9. What does paragraph 3 mainly tell us about gardening? A. It improves focus. B. It is a waste of time. C. It can keep a body in shape. D. It helps to reduce the risk of diseases. 10. How does gardening affect social connection according to the text? A. It contributes to creativity. B. It encourages problem-solving. C. It builds relationships between people. D. It improves people’s awareness of safety. 11. What is the best title for the text? A. How to Start a Garden B. Choose a Garden or Not C. What Plants Grow Best in a Garden D. Start Gardening and Get the Health Benefits D Sometimes our friends’ behaviour can make us angry; sometimes we can see changes they need to make – but how do we tell them? Are there any ways to make difficult conversations easier? It’s important to have evidence (证据) that there is a problem. Evidence that can be agreed on makes it easier for other people to recognize problems. Once you have evidence, it’s important to stress how it influences you and others. Psychologist Andrea Bonior suggests framing problems with “I” . Saying “I feel hurt that you spend less time with me” is better than “You never spend time with me!” . Staying calm is of great importance. Being in tension might lead you to act badly and cause an argument. Bonior recommends you should accept that the conversation could make you anxious. If you think about this yourself, it can help you focus on positive results. If you recognize your anxiety to your friend, you will show a more human side. Another psychologist, Laura Brennan, points out how it’s important that we let go of our self-respect and don’t focus on the need to be proved right. This can help reduce tension. Listening to the other person and asking questions can lower the potential for disagreement. Many experts recommend planning your words, so that you can say things in a way that avoids disagreement. However, Bonior is against overplanning as this can stop you being flexible enough to sincerely follow and join in the discussion. Being patient is necessary. Complicated problems are unlikely to be solved with one conversation. Consider what is possible in one discussion, and that it may be harder than you thought. This will help you to set practical goals for what you can achieve. 12. Why should we keep calm in face of tension? A. To avoid an argument. B. To respect ourselves. C. To make ourselves anxious. D. To focus on right things. 13. What does the underlined word “framing” in Paragraph 2 mean? A. Reminding. B. Expressing. C. Ignoring. D. Escaping. 14 What can we learn from Paragraph 4? A. Overplanning will cause argument. B. Bonior supports overplanning words. C. Argument will disappear by listening. D. Many experts suggest planning words. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. Good qualities of a true friend B. Great power of communication C. Effective ways to reduce tension D. Talking to solve friendship problems E Mr. Pagano is watching a video of a polar bear swimming after a seal. The seal escapes! The bear meets another bear. They sniff at each other and then go separate ways. What makes this video so unusual is that it’s from the point of view of the polar bear. A camera was previously (先前) put around the bear’s neck by Mr. Pagano’s research team with the aim to find out what polar bears will need to survive in their changing habitat. According to the scientists, polar bears are endangered because of Earth’s warming climate, which is shrinking the ice pack that floats on the Arctic Ocean. The ice pack goes through a yearly cycle. In the fall and winter, the ice pack grows southward, extending toward North America, Asia, and Europe. By the ending of winter, the ice pack lies over shallower waters near land, where seals live. The polar bears hunt along the edge of that ice, eating seals in the spring and early summer before the ice over shallow waters melts. It’s how the bears fatten up for the next winter. In the past few decades, the ice pack has started to grow later in the fall. As a result, it isn’t as thick and starts to melt and break up earlier in the spring. That gives the bears less sea ice for hunting and forces some of them to swim farther to move between land and ice habitats. Studies show that, in places where the ice has been breaking up earlier for decades, the number of bears is going down, and their overall health is getting worse. Scientists want to know if bears are still finding enough to eat and how far they have to travel, or swim, to find food. Using the GPS collars, the researchers confirmed (证实) that some bears are swimming long distances. Of 52 bears, 20 took a total of 50 long-distance swims, each one a journey of more than 30 miles. Are the long-distance travels harming their chances for survival? If polar bears are going to survive in the warming Arctic, humans may need to act right now. With the work of scientists like Mr. Pagano, a ray of hope will finally cut open the darkness. 16. What might be the profession of Mr. Pagano? A. A climate scientist. B. A zoologist. C. A GPS engineer. D. An ice observe. 17. Why is the video professional according to the passage? A. It is made by professional animal researchers. B. Its aim to trace been behaviors in North Pole. C. It is filmed by a camera attached to a polar bear. D. It uses hi-tech GPS to study polar bears’ habitats. 18. Which is the factor endangering polar bears’ lives? A. The shrinking shallow waters. B. The decreasing number of seals. C. The long-distance travels for habitats. D. The changed yearly cycle of ice packs. 19. What might be the author’s attitude toward Mr. Pagano’s researcher? A. positive B. doubtful C. disapproval D. critical 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Final exams and big semester-end papers are among the most challenging aspects of the college experience ____20____. The following study tips can help reduce your stress and increase the grade point average. Collaborate with study partners Your peers might be encountering the same academic challenges as you. ____21____. Then you can go over material together brainstorm, and to support each other through challenges. Having other people to study with means you can explain the material to one another, quiz each other, and build a network you can rely on throughout the rest of the class and beyond. Take breaks The brain can only absorb so much information at a time. According to the National Institutes of Health, research has shown that taking breaks in between study session s boosts retention (记忆). ____22____. Make sure that you are allowing enough time, relaxation, and sleep between study session s so your brain will be refreshed and ready to accept new information. ____23____ Studying can be mentally and emotionally exhausting and maintaining your drive can be challenging. Studies have shown that giving yourself a gift during your work can increase the enjoyment and interest in a given task. They have also shown small, frequent gifts can sustain your drive better than a single one in the end. Next time you finish a challenging study session, treat yourself to an episode of your favorite show. Read and review consistently According to the Ebbinghaus Forgetting Curve principle, we forget 75% of what we have learned within 24 hours. Going over new ideas a day after class will help increase retention and comprehension. ____24____. Break chapters into sections and review the material at the end of each before moving on. Make notes by summarizing the critical aspects of the reading so you can easily review them without having to reread entire chapters. A. Pace yourself B. Reward yourself C. Collaborating with partners can enhance your learning D. So, you can make time each evening for a quick review E. You can reach out to them to form effective study groups F. There is so much to learn and remember as you head into finals G. Rests enable our brains to process and store practiced information. 第二部分 语言运用（共三节，满分45分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 For most of us, running a marathon is hard enough. Spanish athlete Eric Domingo Roldan is a man who did not think running a marathon was enough of a ____25____. Instead, on November 8, 2021, he attempted to ____26____ his mum in the Barcelona Marathon. Completing the race was not ____27____ for him. To make things even ____28____, he wanted to break the world record for “the fastest marathoner pushing a wheelchair (轮椅)”. Such a ____29____ was difficult to achieve, but Eric had a special ____30____. He wanted to develop ____31____ and educate people about multiple sclerosis (多发性硬化症), the disease his mother had dealt with for more than 17 years. Their first attempt was ____32____ in the Seville Marathon back in 2020. But instead of ____33____, they trained harder and Eric promised to _____34_____ in 2021. The conditions were _____35_____ this time. Eric was in his home city, so he made a strong _____36_____. Then he hit halfway in 1 hour 26 minutes, well on track for the record. “I was feeling _____37_____ from the first kilometer until the last, as my mum never stopped _____38_____ and supporting other runners, and that was the best part of running together,” he shared. “To cross that line meant we did what we _____39_____ after going through the hardest time of our lives.” 25. A. benefit B. chance C. risk D. challenge 26. A. amaze B. push C. honor D. respect 27. A. possible B. important C. enough D. helpful 28. A. harder B. worse C. clearer D. faster 29. A. standard B. position C. purpose D. goal 30. A. problem B. reason C. result D. personality 31. A. fitness B. fairness C. awareness D. business 32. A. unsuccessful B. incomplete C. unnecessary D. impracticable 33. A. standing by B. carrying on C. falling behind D. giving up 34. A. recover B. return C. relieve D. reply 35. A. similar B. difficult C. favourable D. unknown 36. A. start B. change C. decision D. connection 37. A. nervous B. concerned C. calm D. happy 38 A. asking B. cheering C. passing D. reminding 39. A. needed B. liked C. promised D. suggested 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A short soft brush connected to a long hard handle—a simple Chinese writing brush can describe the most complicated idea. Perhaps the writing brush is one of the few tools ___40___ (invent) by humans that is so practical yet so rich in symbolic meanings over ___41___ (century). It not only expressed common people’s feelings, but also recorded history and created the most refined art and literature of this culture, greatly ___42___ (influence) the development path of Chinese civilization. The writing brush is not only a representative of Chinese culture, but also the ___43___ (create) of Chinese culture. Meng Tian, a great general of the Qin state, has long been considered ___44___ the forefather of the writing brush. Legend has it that one day he was out hunting. He saw that the tail of ___45___ unlucky rabbit had left a trail of blood on the ground, ___46___ inspired him to make the first Chinese writing brush in history. ___47___ (actual), the history of the Chinese brush dates back at least 6,000 years. Archaeological evidence(考古证据) shows that more than 6,000 years ago, people living in the Banpo site, 10 kilometers east of today’s Xi’an, Shaanxi province, ___48___ (use) brushes to draw patterns and lines. However, in the late 20th century, with the widespread adoption of modern pens, writing brushes began to lose their long-standing importance. In an effort ____49____ (protect) this ancient craft, the craftmanship of making the Huzhou writing brushes—Hu Brush was listed in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage(非物质文化遗产) in 2006. 第三节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 根据句意，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 50. As ________ (previous) mentioned, we will have a meeting next Monday. (所给词的适当形式填空) 51. We are confident in our ________（expect）of a full recover. (所给词的适当形式填空） 52. When problems_________(arise), she responded with her characteristic: “No problem, I can handle it.” (所给词的适当形式填空) 53. She has a number of different jobs _________ (range) from chef to swimming instructor. (所给词的适当形式填空) 54. If you can’t be there __________ person,the next best thing is watching it on TV. （用适当的单词填空） 55. If you don’t receive any update within six months, it means that your ________ (apply) has not been successful. 56. The car got stuck in the ________ (mud) ground. （所给词的适当形式填空） 57. She ________ (seek) her children, but they were nowhere to be found. (所给词的适当形式填空) 58. Even where parents no longer live together, they each continue to be responsible _________ their children. (用适当的词填空) 59. ________(achieve) all I want, I must use my time well. （所给词的适当形式填空） 60. People ________ (addict) to the web often become inactive in real life. (所给词的适当形式填空) 61. Having aged relatives to stay in your house can be quite __________(stress). (所给词的适当形式填空) 62. People in Ethiopian highlands have adapted to ________ (live) at high altitudes. (所给词的适当形式填空) 63. I’m sure that you have the ________ (competent) in finishing this task. (所给词的适当形式填空) 64. People ________ live in the country say that city life is stressful because of all the noise and traffic, but I like being in the middle of things. (所给词的适当形式填空) 第三部分 应用文写作（满分15分） 65. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Peter今年刚刚升入高中，不知道自己是否该参加学校的篮球队，发邮件向你求助。请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 给出建议；2. 说明理由。 注意：写作词数应为80左右。 Dear Peter, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2024-2025学年叶县高中高一9月月考 英语试题 全卷满分120分，考试时间100分钟 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、考场号、座位号、考生号填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分60分） 第一节 （共19小题；每小题2.5分，满分47.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A We have a variety of student organizations focused on everything from politics and photography to dance and debate. Whatever your interests, you can explore them at Harvard. These are just four of the total 451 organizations. Chinese Cultural Card Games Club The Chinese Cultural Card (games) Club—known as CCCC—serves as a fun way for students to gain an appreciation of Chinese culture as well as improve their analytical thinking, memory, and concentration through Chinese card games. We play Tractor and Guan Dan at weekly meetings. All are welcome to come, including friends not related to Harvard! E: jxie@college.harvard.edu Active Minds Student Chapter at CAMHS Active Minds Student Chapter at CAMHS are student leaders in promoting a supportive student community at Harvard. We work to encourage open conversation about matters of mental health and educate students to deal with resources on campus. E: harvardactiveminds@gmail.com Fall Clean-Up Fall Clean-up is designed to provide new students with additional support and resources (资源) to make it easy to get used to college life by connecting first-year students with peer leaders, schoolmates, and helpful Harvard resources. E: fcu@fas.harvard.edu Accessible Education Office(AEO) The Accessible Education Office(AEO) partners with FAS students with visible and invisible disabilities to identify barriers and implement plans for access. Through collaboration with the campus community, we foster an environment of equity and inclusion. E: aeo@fas.harvard.edu 1. Which club best suits students who want to better analytical thinking? A. Fall Clean-Up. B. Accessible Education Office(AEO). C. Chinese Cultural Card Games Club. D. Active Minds Student Chapter at CAMHS. 2. What is the purpose of Fall Clean-Up? A. To help students with disabilities. B. To help students with mental matters. C. To help students adapt to college life. D. To help students make friends on campus. 3. Where is this text probably from? A. A geography magazine. B. A club poster. C. A shopping advertisement. D. A school website. 【答案】1. C 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是哈佛的4个学生组织的相关情况。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Chinese Cultural Card Games Club部分的“The Chinese Cultural Card (games) Club—known as CCCC—serves as a fun way for students to gain an appreciation of Chinese culture as well as improve their analytical thinking, memory, and concentration through Chinese card games.(The Chinese Cultural Card (games) Club，简称CCCC，是一个让学生通过中国纸牌游戏了解中国文化、提高分析思维、记忆力和注意力的有趣方式。)”可知，Chinese Cultural Card Games Club最适合想要提高分析思维的学生，故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Fall Clean-Up部分的“Fall Clean-up is designed to provide new students with additional support and resources (资源) to make it easy to get used to college life by connecting first-year students with peer leaders, schoolmates, and helpful Harvard resources.(Fall Clean-up旨在为新生提供额外的支持和资源，通过将大一新生与同行领导、同学和有用的哈佛资源联系起来，使他们更容易适应大学生活。)”可知，Fall Clean-Up的目的是帮助学生适应大学生活。故选C。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段的“We have a variety of student organizations focused on everything from politics and photography to dance and debate. Whatever your interests, you can explore them at Harvard. These are just four of the total 451 organizations.(我们有各种各样的学生组织，从政治、摄影到舞蹈和辩论。无论你的兴趣是什么，你都可以在哈佛探索它们。这只是451个组织中的4个。)”可知，本文主要介绍的是哈佛的4个学生组织的相关情况，结合每个组织下提供的邮箱地址，因此本文可能来自于学校的网站。故选D。 B After graduating from Ontario College of Teachers, I became a teacher at a one-room country school in Aldborough Township. That first day of school as a 19-year-old female teacher was a frightening experience. It was one thing to have graduated as a successful student; it was another thing to face a classroom of little faces that were waiting for the “new teacher.” I had a classroom of 21 children of different shapes and sizes. The youngest was five going on six and the eldest was 16. There were two doors for entrance in my school, one for the girls, one for the boys and just inside each door was a chemical toilet — no outdoor facilities for us! The heat in the building was a wood-burning furnace (火炉) down in the basement. Tending the furnace was one of my responsibilities. Luckily, I knew a bit about starting a fire, so the school didn’t burn down. What I found most difficult was that a parent might take a child out of school for any reason. I had one Dutch family, whose father would keep the children out of school to help with the farm work. Finally, I got tired of this and sent an education officer to solve the problem. Needless to say, I was very unpopular with that father from then on, but the children came to school much more regularly! In the classroom, the older students helped the younger ones with learning, as well as with putting on coats and hats. If someone’s lunch was forgotten, everyone shared a bit of their food. We were a family. We had good times and bad times, but we kept learning. Far beyond maths, social studies, reading, grammar and writing, we learned how to get along with each other. I loved teaching at this small school and knew I was teaching the children about life as much as about subjects. I’d like to believe some students will have an influence on the world that will last long after I am gone. 4. Why did the author feel her first day as a teacher frightening? A. So many students were in class. B. The situations were quite different. C. No outdoor facilities were provided. D. The students were curious about her. 5. What do we know about the school? A. It was poorly equipped. B. The playground was large. C. It was once damaged by a fire. D. The students were of similar age. 6. What was a headache for the author? A. A Dutch family hated her. B. The students preferred farm work. C. The education officer offered little help. D. Some parents ignored children’s education. 7. What can be inferred from Paragraph 5? A. They cared about each other. B. They had an influence on the world. C. They laughed away bad times. D. They did well in almost every subject. 【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者毕业后来到一所小学校当老师的经历，改变了很多经常因为一些原因而不去学校学习的状况，教会孩子除了学习以外的事情，教会孩子们生活，作者相信孩子们以后会成为对世界有影响的人。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“That first day of school as a 19-year-old female teacher was a frightening experience. It was one thing to have graduated as a successful student; it was another thing to face a classroom of little faces that were waiting for the ‘new teacher.’(作为一名19岁的女教师，上学的第一天是一段可怕的经历。作为一名成功的学生毕业是一回事；面对一群等待‘新老师’的小脸是另一回事) ”可知，作者第一天当老师感到害怕，是因为作者面临的情况和自己当学生时完全不同。故选B。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“There were two doors for entrance in my school, one for the girls, one for the boys and just inside each door was a chemical toilet — no outdoor facilities for us! The heat in the building was a wood-burning furnace (火炉) down in the basement.(我的学校有两扇门，一扇给女生，一扇给男生，每扇门里面都有一个化学厕所——我们没有室外设施！大楼里的暖气来自地下室的一个烧木头的炉子)”可知，学校没有户外设备，暖气来自烧木头的炉子，由此推知学校里的设施比较落后。故选A。 6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“What I found most difficult was that a parent might take a child out of school for any reason.(我发现最困难的是父母可能会以任何理由让孩子离开学校)”可知，让作者最头疼的是一些父母忽视孩子的教育。故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“In the classroom, the older students helped the younger ones with learning, as well as with putting on coats and hats. If someone’s lunch was forgotten, everyone shared a bit of their food. We were a family. We had good times and bad times, but we kept learning. Far beyond maths, social studies, reading, grammar and writing, we learned how to get along with each other.(在教室里，年长的学生帮助年幼的学生学习，以及穿上外套和帽子。如果某人的午餐被忘记了，每个人都会分享一点他们的食物。我们是一家人。我们有过快乐的时光，也有过痛苦的时光，但我们一直在学习。除了数学、社会研究、阅读、语法和写作，我们还学会了如何与他人相处)”可知，他们彼此相互关心。故选A。 C Spending time outdoors has long been linked (联系) to better health. Gardening goes beyond just beautifying outdoor spaces—it can have a deep effect on our physical and mental (身心上的) health. Gardening involves physical activity that works all the main muscle (肌肉) groups, which is helpful for overall health. “Activities such as digging, planting, weeding and harvesting require movement and can help to improve strength,” said Clayton, CEO of an online lawn care company. “Performing these activities regularly can help burn calories, and keep a healthy weight.” Beyond burning calories and building muscle, lots of studies have shown that gardening can improve the immune system (免疫系统). The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends that people get at least 150 minutes of exercise each week, and gardening is listed as a suitable activity. Doing garden work for that time each week can reduce the risk of obesity, high blood pressure and heart disease. Additionally, spending time outdoors makes us get close to natural sunlight, which is important for vitamin D synth. Gardening provides a chance for social connection, too. It can be a shared activity among family members, friends or neighbors, building relationships and a sense of belonging. Gardening also offers cognitive (认知的) benefits. It excites the senses, improves focus and encourages problem-solving and creativity. It provides a chance to learn about plants, ecosystems and the environment, developing a deeper understanding and appreciation for nature. 8. What is Clayton’s attitude towards gardening? A. Supportive. B. Doubtful. C. Unclear D. Uncaring. 9. What does paragraph 3 mainly tell us about gardening? A. It improves focus. B. It is a waste of time. C. It can keep a body in shape. D. It helps to reduce the risk of diseases. 10. How does gardening affect social connection according to the text? A. It contributes to creativity. B. It encourages problem-solving. C. It builds relationships between people. D. It improves people’s awareness of safety. 11. What is the best title for the text? A. How to Start a Garden B. Choose a Garden or Not C. What Plants Grow Best in a Garden D. Start Gardening and Get the Health Benefits 【答案】8. A 9. D 10. C 11. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述园艺活动有利于身体健康并分析了原因。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段““Activities such as digging, planting, weeding and harvesting require movement and can help to improve strength,” said Clayton, CEO of an online lawn care company. “Performing these activities regularly can help burn calories, and keep a healthy weight.”(“像挖土，种植和收割这样的活动需要运动并能帮助我们改善体力” Clayton，一家网上草坪护理公司的CEO说，“经常进行这些活动可以帮助燃烧卡路里，保持一个健康的体重”)”可知，Clayton对园艺活动持支持的态度。故选A。 【9题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段第一句“Beyond burning calories and building muscle, lots of studies have shown that gardening can improve the immune system(除了燃烧卡路里和锻炼肌肉，很多研究表明园艺看改善免疫系统)”以及第三句“Doing garden work for that time each week can reduce the risk of obesity, high blood pressure and heart disease.(每周做150分钟的园艺工作能够减少患肥胖，高血压以及心脏病的风险)”可知，本段主要讲园艺活动有助于降低患病的风险。故选D。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Gardening provides a chance for social connection, too. It can be a shared activity among family members, friends or neighbors, building relationships and a sense of belonging.(园艺也为社会联系提供了机会。它可以是家庭成员，朋友或邻居之间的共同活动，从而建立关系和归属感)”可知，园艺活动对社交的影响是它可以建立人们间的关系。故选C。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Spending time outdoors has long been linked (联系) to better health.Gardening goes beyond just beautifying outdoor spaces—it can have a deep effect on our physical and mental (身心上的) health.(长期以来，人们一直认为户外活动有利于身体健康。园艺不仅仅是美化室外空间——它还对我们的身心健康产生很深的影响)”可知，文章主要讲述进行园艺活动有利于身心健康，所以文章的标题“开始园艺，并获得健康的好处”。故选D。 D Sometimes our friends’ behaviour can make us angry; sometimes we can see changes they need to make – but how do we tell them? Are there any ways to make difficult conversations easier? It’s important to have evidence (证据) that there is a problem. Evidence that can be agreed on makes it easier for other people to recognize problems. Once you have evidence, it’s important to stress how it influences you and others. Psychologist Andrea Bonior suggests framing problems with “I” . Saying “I feel hurt that you spend less time with me” is better than “You never spend time with me!” . Staying calm is of great importance. Being in tension might lead you to act badly and cause an argument. Bonior recommends you should accept that the conversation could make you anxious. If you think about this yourself, it can help you focus on positive results. If you recognize your anxiety to your friend, you will show a more human side. Another psychologist, Laura Brennan, points out how it’s important that we let go of our self-respect and don’t focus on the need to be proved right. This can help reduce tension. Listening to the other person and asking questions can lower the potential for disagreement. Many experts recommend planning your words, so that you can say things in a way that avoids disagreement. However, Bonior is against overplanning as this can stop you being flexible enough to sincerely follow and join in the discussion. Being patient is necessary. Complicated problems are unlikely to be solved with one conversation. Consider what is possible in one discussion, and that it may be harder than you thought. This will help you to set practical goals for what you can achieve. 12. Why should we keep calm in face of tension? A. To avoid an argument. B. To respect ourselves. C. To make ourselves anxious. D. To focus on right things. 13. What does the underlined word “framing” in Paragraph 2 mean? A. Reminding. B. Expressing. C. Ignoring. D. Escaping. 14. What can we learn from Paragraph 4? A. Overplanning will cause argument. B. Bonior supports overplanning words. C. Argument will disappear by listening. D. Many experts suggest planning words. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. Good qualities of a true friend B. Great power of communication C. Effective ways to reduce tension D. Talking to solve friendship problems 【答案】12. A 13. B 14. D 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了如何与朋友进行困难的对话，包括如何表达自己的感受、如何保持冷静、如何倾听对方的观点以及如何保持耐心。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Staying calm is of great importance. Being in tension might lead you to act badly and cause an argument.(保持冷静是很重要的。紧张可能会导致你行为不端，引发争吵。)”可知，保持冷静可以避免引发争吵。故选A。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线单词下一句“Saying “I feel hurt that you spend less time with me” is better than “You never spend time with me!” .(说“你和我在一起时间少了，我觉得很伤心”比“你从来没有和我在一起”好。)”可知，心理学家Andrea Bonior建议在向对方“陈述”问题时，应该用“我”来说明问题。选项A“Reminding (提醒)”；选项B“Expressing (表达)”；选项C“Ignoring (忽视)”；选项D“Escaping (逃避)”。故选B。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Listening to the other person and asking questions can lower the potential for disagreement. Many experts recommend planning your words, so that you can say things in a way that avoids disagreement. However, Bonior is against overplanning as this can stop you being flexible enough to sincerely follow and join in the discussion.(倾听他人并提出问题可以降低产生分歧的可能性。许多专家建议规划你的措辞，这样你就可以用一种避免分歧的方式说话。然而，Bonior反对过度规划，因为这可能会阻止你足够灵活地跟随并加入讨论。)”可知，许多专家建议规划你的措辞。故选D。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Sometimes our friends’ behaviour can make us angry; sometimes we can see changes they need to make – but how do we tell them? Are there any ways to make difficult conversations easier?(有时朋友的行为会让我们生气；有时我们可以看到他们需要做出的改变——但我们如何告诉他们？有没有什么方法可以让困难的对话变得更容易？)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述的是如何让困难的对话变得更容易，从而解决友谊的问题。故选D。 E Mr. Pagano is watching a video of a polar bear swimming after a seal. The seal escapes! The bear meets another bear. They sniff at each other and then go separate ways. What makes this video so unusual is that it’s from the point of view of the polar bear. A camera was previously (先前) put around the bear’s neck by Mr. Pagano’s research team with the aim to find out what polar bears will need to survive in their changing habitat. According to the scientists, polar bears are endangered because of Earth’s warming climate, which is shrinking the ice pack that floats on the Arctic Ocean. The ice pack goes through a yearly cycle. In the fall and winter, the ice pack grows southward, extending toward North America, Asia, and Europe. By the ending of winter, the ice pack lies over shallower waters near land, where seals live. The polar bears hunt along the edge of that ice, eating seals in the spring and early summer before the ice over shallow waters melts. It’s how the bears fatten up for the next winter. In the past few decades, the ice pack has started to grow later in the fall. As a result, it isn’t as thick and starts to melt and break up earlier in the spring. That gives the bears less sea ice for hunting and forces some of them to swim farther to move between land and ice habitats. Studies show that, in places where the ice has been breaking up earlier for decades, the number of bears is going down, and their overall health is getting worse. Scientists want to know if bears are still finding enough to eat and how far they have to travel, or swim, to find food. Using the GPS collars, the researchers confirmed (证实) that some bears are swimming long distances. Of 52 bears, 20 took a total of 50 long-distance swims, each one a journey of more than 30 miles. Are the long-distance travels harming their chances for survival? If polar bears are going to survive in the warming Arctic, humans may need to act right now. With the work of scientists like Mr. Pagano, a ray of hope will finally cut open the darkness. 16. What might be the profession of Mr. Pagano? A. A climate scientist. B. A zoologist. C. A GPS engineer. D. An ice observe. 17. Why is the video professional according to the passage? A. It is made by professional animal researchers. B. Its aim to trace been behaviors in North Pole. C. It is filmed by a camera attached to a polar bear. D. It uses hi-tech GPS to study polar bears’ habitats. 18. Which is the factor endangering polar bears’ lives? A. The shrinking shallow waters. B. The decreasing number of seals. C. The long-distance travels for habitats. D. The changed yearly cycle of ice packs. 19. What might be the author’s attitude toward Mr. Pagano’s researcher? A. positive B. doubtful C. disapproval D. critical 【答案】16. B 17. C 18. D 19. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了动物学家Pagano的研究团队在北极熊的脖子上挂了一架相机，目的是找出北极熊在不断变化的栖息地生存需要什么。文章介绍了导致北极熊濒临灭绝的原因以及这项研究的发现。 【16题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“A camera was previously(先前) put around the bear’s neck by Mr. Pagano’s research team with the aim to find out what polar bears will need to survive in their changing habitat.(Pagano的研究团队之前在北极熊的脖子上挂了一架相机，目的是找出北极熊在不断变化的栖息地生存需要什么)”以及最后一段中“With the work of scientists like Mr. Pagano, a ray of hope will finally cut open the darkness.(在像Pagano这样的科学家的努力下，一线曙光终于将揭开黑暗的面纱)”可推知，Pagano是动物学家。故选B。 【17题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“What makes this video so unusual is that it’s from the point of view of the polar bear. A camera was previously(先前) put around the bear’s neck by Mr. Pagano’s research team…(这个视频之所以与众不同是因为它是从北极熊的角度拍摄的。Pagano的研究团队之前在北极熊的脖子上挂了一架相机……)”可知，这个视频的特殊之处在于它是由一只北极熊身上的摄像机拍摄的。故选C。 【18题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“In the past few decades, the ice pack has started to grow later in the fall. As a result, it isn’t as thick and starts to melt and break up earlier in the spring. That gives the bears less sea ice for hunting and forces some of them to swim farther to move between land and ice habitats. Studies show that, in places where the ice has been breaking up earlier for decades, the number of bears is going down, and their overall health is getting worse.(在过去的几十年里，浮冰在秋天后期开始扩张。因此，它没有那么厚，在春天开始融化和破裂的时间更早。这使得北极熊捕猎的海冰减少，迫使其中一些北极熊在陆地和冰面栖息地之间游得更远。研究表明，在那些冰层早在几十年前就破裂的地方，熊的数量正在减少，它们的整体健康状况也在恶化)”可知，浮冰每年变化的周期让北极熊濒临灭绝。故选D。 【19题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“With the work of scientists like Mr. Pagano, a ray of hope will finally cut open the darkness.(在像Pagano这样的科学家的努力下，一线曙光终于将揭开黑暗的面纱)”可推知，作者对于Mr. Pagano团队的研究持积极态度。故选A。 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Final exams and big semester-end papers are among the most challenging aspects of the college experience, ____20____. The following study tips can help reduce your stress and increase the grade point average. Collaborate with study partners Your peers might be encountering the same academic challenges as you. ____21____. Then you can go over material together, brainstorm, and to support each other through challenges. Having other people to study with means you can explain the material to one another, quiz each other, and build a network you can rely on throughout the rest of the class and beyond. Take breaks The brain can only absorb so much information at a time. According to the National Institutes of Health, research has shown that taking breaks in between study session s boosts retention (记忆). ____22____. Make sure that you are allowing enough time, relaxation, and sleep between study session s so your brain will be refreshed and ready to accept new information. ____23____ Studying can be mentally and emotionally exhausting and maintaining your drive can be challenging. Studies have shown that giving yourself a gift during your work can increase the enjoyment and interest in a given task. They have also shown small, frequent gifts can sustain your drive better than a single one in the end. Next time you finish a challenging study session, treat yourself to an episode of your favorite show. Read and review consistently According to the Ebbinghaus Forgetting Curve principle, we forget 75% of what we have learned within 24 hours. Going over new ideas a day after class will help increase retention and comprehension. ____24____. Break chapters into sections and review the material at the end of each before moving on. Make notes by summarizing the critical aspects of the reading so you can easily review them without having to reread entire chapters. A. Pace yourself B. Reward yourself C. Collaborating with partners can enhance your learning D. So, you can make time each evening for a quick review E. You can reach out to them to form effective study groups F. There is so much to learn and remember as you head into finals G. Rests enable our brains to process and store practiced information. 【答案】20. F 21. E 22. G 23. B 24. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几条有助于减少压力和提高平均成绩的学习技巧。 【20题详解】 上文“Final exams and big semester-end papers are among the most challenging aspects of the college experience.(期末考试和期末论文是大学生活中最具挑战性的部分)”提到大学期末面临的挑战，F选项“There is so much to learn and remember as you head into finals.(当你进入期末考试时，有太多需要学习和记忆的内容)”承接了上文，进一步说明大学期末面临的挑战内容，同时为下文“The following study tips can help reduce your stress and increase the grade point average.(下面的学习技巧可以帮助你减轻压力，提高平均成绩)”引入学习技巧做出铺垫，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。 【21题详解】 上文“Your peers might be encountering the same academic challenges as you.(你的同龄人可能会遇到和你一样的学术挑战)”说明面临学术挑战的还有其它人，E选项“You can reach out to them to form effective study groups.(你可以联系他们组成有效的学习小组)”紧承上文，提出应对方法：与其它人组成学习小组。同时，下文“Then you can go over material together, brainstorm, and support each other through challenges.(然后你们可以一起复习材料，进行头脑风暴，并在挑战中相互支持)”进一步说明了组成学习小组的作用。故选E项。 【22题详解】 上文“According to the National Institutes of Health, research has shown that taking breaks in between study sessions boosts retention.(根据美国国立卫生研究院的研究，在学习间歇休息可以提高记忆力)”介绍研究表明在学习之间休息可以提高记忆力，G选项“Rests enable our brains to process and store practiced information.(休息使我们的大脑能够处理和存储练习过的信息)”紧承上文，解释了休息可以提高记忆力的原因，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。 【23题详解】 空处位于段首，是段落主题句。根据下文“Studying can be mentally and emotionally exhausting and maintaining your drive can be challenging. Studies have shown that giving yourself a gift during your work can increase the enjoyment and interest in a given task. They have also shown small, frequent gifts can sustain your drive better than a single one in the end. (学习可能会让你在精神上和情感上都很疲惫，保持你的动力是很有挑战性的。研究表明，在工作期间送自己一份礼物可以增加工作的乐趣和兴趣。他们还表明，小而频繁的礼物最终比单一的礼物更能维持你的动力)”可知，本段主要建议要给自己奖励。故B选项“Reward yourself(奖励自己)”能概括本段主旨，符合语境。故选B项。 【24题详解】 上文“Going over new ideas a day after class will help increase retention and comprehension.(课后每天复习一遍新思想有助于提高记忆和理解能力)”提出课后复习有助于提高记忆力和理解力，D选项“So, you can make time each evening for a quick review.(所以，你可以每天晚上抽出时间快速复习)”紧承上文，给出了具体的复习建议：每天晚上抽出时间复习，与本段主题一致。故选D项。 第二部分 语言运用（共三节，满分45分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 For most of us, running a marathon is hard enough. Spanish athlete Eric Domingo Roldan is a man who did not think running a marathon was enough of a ____25____. Instead, on November 8, 2021, he attempted to ____26____ his mum in the Barcelona Marathon. Completing the race was not ____27____ for him. To make things even ____28____, he wanted to break the world record for “the fastest marathoner pushing a wheelchair (轮椅)”. Such a ____29____ was difficult to achieve, but Eric had a special ____30____. He wanted to develop ____31____ and educate people about multiple sclerosis (多发性硬化症), the disease his mother had dealt with for more than 17 years. Their first attempt was ____32____ in the Seville Marathon back in 2020. But instead of ____33____, they trained harder and Eric promised to _____34_____ in 2021. The conditions were _____35_____ this time. Eric was in his home city, so he made a strong _____36_____. Then he hit halfway in 1 hour 26 minutes, well on track for the record. “I was feeling _____37_____ from the first kilometer until the last, as my mum never stopped _____38_____ and supporting other runners, and that was the best part of running together,” he shared. “To cross that line meant we did what we _____39_____ after going through the hardest time of our lives.” 25. A. benefit B. chance C. risk D. challenge 26. A. amaze B. push C. honor D. respect 27. A. possible B. important C. enough D. helpful 28. A. harder B. worse C. clearer D. faster 29. A. standard B. position C. purpose D. goal 30. A. problem B. reason C. result D. personality 31. A. fitness B. fairness C. awareness D. business 32. A. unsuccessful B. incomplete C. unnecessary D. impracticable 33. A. standing by B. carrying on C. falling behind D. giving up 34. A. recover B. return C. relieve D. reply 35. A. similar B. difficult C. favourable D. unknown 36. A. start B. change C. decision D. connection 37. A. nervous B. concerned C. calm D. happy 38. A. asking B. cheering C. passing D. reminding 39. A. needed B. liked C. promised D. suggested 【答案】25. D 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. C 36. A 37. D 38. B 39. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了西班牙运动员埃里克·多明戈·罗尔丹在巴塞罗那马拉松中推着患多发性硬化症的母亲刷新世界纪录的故事。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我们大多数人来说，跑马拉松已经够难了。西班牙运动员埃里克·多明戈·罗尔丹并不认为跑马拉松是一项足够的挑战。A. benefit好处；B. chance机会；C. risk风险；D. challenge挑战。根据前文“running a marathon is hard enough”可知，此处指跑马拉松已经是一项挑战了，但埃里克认为这还不够。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，在2021年11月8日，他试图在巴塞罗那马拉松比赛中推着妈妈跑。A. amaze使惊奇；B. push推；C. honor尊敬；D. respect尊重。根据后文“he wanted to break the world record for “the fastest marathoner pushing a wheelchair””可知，此处指埃里克在马拉松比赛中推着轮椅，也就是推着坐在轮椅上的母亲。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：完成比赛对他来说并不够。A. possible可能的；B. important重要的；C. enough足够的；D. helpful有帮助的。根据后文“he wanted to break the world record for “the fastest marathoner pushing a wheelchair””可知，埃里克的目标不仅仅是完成比赛，而是要打破世界纪录，所以完成比赛对他来说并不够。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：句意：为了使事情变得更加困难，他还希望打破“推着轮椅跑得最快的马拉松运动员”的世界纪录。A. harder更难的；B. worse更糟糕的；C. clearer更清楚的；D. faster更快的。根据前文“Completing the race was not ____ for him”及后文“he wanted to break the world record for “the fastest marathoner pushing a wheelchair””可知，埃里克的目标更高，他想增加难度。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这样的目标很难实现，但埃里克有一个特殊的原因。A. standard标准；B. position位置；C. purpose目的；D. goal目标。根据前文“he wanted to break the world record”可知，此处指埃里克想要实现的目标。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这样的目标很难实现，但埃里克有一个特殊的原因。A. problem问题；B. reason原因；C. result结果；D. personality个性。根据后文“He wanted to develop ____ and educate people about multiple sclerosis”可知，埃里克有想要实现这个目标的特殊原因。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他想提高人们对多发性硬化症的认识，并教育人们了解这种疾病，他的母亲已经与之抗争了17年多。A. fitness健康；B. fairness公平；C. awareness意识；D. business商业。根据后文“educate people about multiple sclerosis”可知，埃里克想要提高人们对多发性硬化症的认识。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们的第一次尝试是在2020年的塞维利亚马拉松比赛中不成功的。A. unsuccessful不成功的；B. incomplete不完整的；C. unnecessary不必要的；D. impracticable不切实际的。根据后文“But instead of ____ , they trained harder”可知，他们训练得更刻苦，可以推测他们第一次尝试没有成功。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：但他们没有放弃，反而更加努力训练，埃里克承诺在2021年重返赛场。A. standing by站在一边，旁观；B. carrying on继续；C. falling behind落后；D. giving up放弃。根据后文“they trained harder”可知，他们没有放弃，而是继续努力。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他们没有放弃，反而更加努力训练，埃里克承诺在2021年重返赛场。A. recover恢复；B. return返回；C. relieve缓解；D. reply回复。根据前文“they trained harder and Eric promised to”可知，埃里克承诺在2021年重返赛场。故选B。 35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这次的条件是有利的。A. similar相似的；B. difficult困难的；C. favourable有利的；D. unknown未知的。根据后文“Eric was in his home city”可知，埃里克在自己的家乡比赛，所以条件是有利的。故选C。 【36题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：埃里克在自己的家乡，所以他做出了一个强有力的开始。A. start开始；B. change改变；C. decision决定；D. connection联系。根据后文“Then he hit halfway in 1 hour 26 minutes”可知，埃里克在比赛中做出了一个强有力的开始。故选A。 【37题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“从第一公里到最后一公里，我都感觉很高兴，因为我妈妈从未停止过欢呼和支持其他跑步者，这是我们一起跑步最美好的部分，”他分享道。A. nervous紧张的；B. concerned关心的；C. calm冷静的；D. happy高兴的。根据后文“as my mum never stopped ____ and supporting other runners, and that was the best part of running together”可知，母亲的支持使埃里克在比赛中感觉很高兴。故选D。 【38题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“从第一公里到最后一公里，我都感觉很高兴，因为我妈妈从未停止过欢呼和支持其他跑步者，这是我们一起跑步最美好的部分，”他分享道。A. asking问；B. cheering欢呼；C. passing经过；D. reminding提醒。根据后文“supporting other runners”可知，此处指埃里克的妈妈在比赛中为其他跑步者欢呼。故选B。 【39题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：跨过那条线意味着我们在经历人生中最艰难的时刻后，做了我们承诺要做的事。A. needed需要；B. liked喜欢；C. promised承诺；D. suggested建议。根据前文“Eric promised to return in 2021”可知，此处指埃里克完成了自己承诺要做的事。故选C。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A short soft brush connected to a long hard handle—a simple Chinese writing brush can describe the most complicated idea. Perhaps the writing brush is one of the few tools ___40___ (invent) by humans that is so practical yet so rich in symbolic meanings over ___41___ (century). It not only expressed common people’s feelings, but also recorded history and created the most refined art and literature of this culture, greatly ___42___ (influence) the development path of Chinese civilization. The writing brush is not only a representative of Chinese culture, but also the ___43___ (create) of Chinese culture. Meng Tian, a great general of the Qin state, has long been considered ___44___ the forefather of the writing brush. Legend has it that one day he was out hunting. He saw that the tail of ___45___ unlucky rabbit had left a trail of blood on the ground, ___46___ inspired him to make the first Chinese writing brush in history. ___47___ (actual), the history of the Chinese brush dates back at least 6,000 years. Archaeological evidence(考古证据) shows that more than 6,000 years ago, people living in the Banpo site, 10 kilometers east of today’s Xi’an, Shaanxi province, ___48___ (use) brushes to draw patterns and lines. However, in the late 20th century, with the widespread adoption of modern pens, writing brushes began to lose their long-standing importance. In an effort ____49____ (protect) this ancient craft, the craftmanship of making the Huzhou writing brushes—Hu Brush was listed in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage(非物质文化遗产) in 2006. 【答案】40. invented 41. centuries 42. influencing 43. creator 44. as 45. an 46. which 47. Actually 48. used 49. to protect 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了毛笔的意义、起源以及对毛笔制作技艺的保护。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：也许毛笔是人类发明的为数不多的工具之一，几个世纪以来，它既实用又具有丰富的象征意义。is为be动词，所以空处应用非谓语动词。逻辑主语the few tools和invent之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填invented。 【41题详解】 考查名词的数。句意参考上题。century意为“世纪”，为可数名词。空前没有限定词修饰，这里表示几个世纪以来，应用名词复数。over centuries意为“几个世纪以来”。故填centuries。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它不仅表达了普通人的感情，而且记录了历史，创造了这种文化中最精致的艺术和文学，极大地影响了中华文明的发展道路。not only...but also...连接了并列的谓语结构，而后面的greatly influence the development path of Chinese civilization与前面没有连词连接，且这里表示自然而然的结果，应用现在分词作结果状语。故填influencing。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：毛笔不仅是中国文化的代表，也是中国文化的创造者。根据空前的the和空后的of Chinese culture可知，毛笔具有书写功能，这里指毛笔是中国文化的创造者，creator意为“创造者”，为可数名词。这里表示特指，应用名词单数。故填creator。 【44题详解】 考查介词。句意：蒙恬是秦国的大将军，长期以来被认为是毛笔的始祖。consider...as...意为“认为……是……”，为固定搭配，这里是其被动表达。故填as。 【45题详解】 考查冠词。句意：他看到一只倒霉兔子的尾巴在地上留下了血迹，这启发了他制作历史上第一支中国毛笔。根据空后的unlucky rabbit可知，这里泛指一只倒霉的兔子，且unlucky的发音以元音音素开头，所以应用不定冠词an。故填an。 【46题详解】 考查定语从句。句意参考上题。空处引导一个非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面的句子，且在从句中作主语，所以应用which引导。故填which。 【47题详解】 考查副词。句意：事实上，中国毛笔的历史至少可以追溯到6000年前。空处应用副词，修饰整个句子。actually意为“实际上”。故填Actually。 48题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：考古证据表明，6000多年前，居住在今天陕西西安以东10公里的半坡遗址的人们用毛刷绘制图案和线条。在that引导的宾语从句中，主语为people，空处为谓语。结合时间状语“more than 6,000 years ago”可知，这里表示过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填used。 【49题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了保护这一古老的工艺，湖州毛笔的制作工艺——湖笔于2006年被列入第一批国家级非物质文化遗产。an effort to do...意为“做……的努力”，不定式作后置定语。故填to protect。 第三节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 根据句意，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 50. As ________ (previous) mentioned, we will have a meeting next Monday. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】previously 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：正如之前提到的，我们下周一将开会。空处用副词previously在句中作状语修饰动词mentioned。故填previously。 51. We are confident in our ________（expect）of a full recover. (所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】expectation 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们对完全康复的期望充满信心。分析句子结构，该空作介词in的宾语，用名词，expectation表抽象意义，不可数。故填expectation。 52. When problems_________(arise), she responded with her characteristic: “No problem, I can handle it.” (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】arose 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：当问题出现时，她会用她特有的方式回应：“没问题，我能处理。”由responded可知，句子时态是一般过去时，空格处用过去式arose，故填arose。 53. She has a number of different jobs _________ (range) from chef to swimming instructor. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】ranging 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从厨师到游泳教练，她做过许多不同的工作。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词had，设空处应用非谓语动词形式，其逻辑主语为jobs，二者之间为主动关系，故应用现在分词形式。故填ranging。 54. If you can’t be there __________ person,the next best thing is watching it on TV. （用适当的单词填空） 【答案】in 【解析】 【详解】考查介词。句意：如果你不能亲自到场，那么最好的办法就是在电视上看。短语in person“亲自”，是固定搭配。故填in。 55. If you don’t receive any update within six months, it means that your ________ (apply) has not been successful. 【答案】application 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：如果你在六个月内没有收到任何更新，这意味着你的申请没有成功。根据空前形容词性物主代词your可知，空处应填名词，作that引导的宾语从句的主语，apply是动词，其名词为application，根据has可知，名词用原形。故填application。 56. The car got stuck in the ________ (mud) ground. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】muddy 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：汽车陷在泥地里了。该空修饰名词ground，用形容词，所以填muddy。 57. She ________ (seek) her children, but they were nowhere to be found. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】sought 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：她找她的孩子，但他们哪儿也找不到。but为表示转折关系的连词，本句为并列句，空处为句子的谓语动词，根据were可知，句子时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用所给词seek的过去式形式sought。故填sought。 58. Even where parents no longer live together, they each continue to be responsible _________ their children. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】for 【解析】 【详解】考查介词。句意：即使父母不再住在一起，他们仍然要对自己的孩子负责。be responsible for为……负责，固定搭配，故填for。 59. ________(achieve) all I want, I must use my time well. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】To achieve 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了达到我想要的一切，我必须好好利用时间。作目的状语，achieve应用不定式形式，首字母大写。故填To achieve。 60. People ________ (addict) to the web often become inactive in real life. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】addicted 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：沉迷于网络的人往往在现实生活中变得不活跃。addict和People之间是动宾关系，使用过去分词作后置定语，故填addicted。 61. Having aged relatives to stay in your house can be quite __________(stress). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】stressful 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：让上了年纪的亲戚住在你家里会很有压力。此处应用形容词作表语，表示事情的特征，意为“压力大的”，用stressful。故填stressful。 62. People in Ethiopian highlands have adapted to ________ (live) at high altitudes. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】living 【解析】 【详解】考查动名词。句意：埃塞俄比亚高地上人们已经适应了高海拔地区的生活。adapt to意为“适应”，to是介词，其后跟动名词作宾语，因此空格处是动名词living。故填living。 63. I’m sure that you have the ________ (competent) in finishing this task. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】competence 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：我相信你有能力完成这项任务。空处应填名词作宾语，competence“能力”，不可数名词，故填competence。 64. People ________ live in the country say that city life is stressful because of all the noise and traffic, but I like being in the middle of things. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】who##that 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：生活在乡下的人说，城市生活因为噪音和交通而充满压力，但我喜欢置身其中。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词people，先行词指人，引导词指代先行词，在从句中作主语，故用who或that引导定语从句。故填who/that。 第三部分 应用文写作（满分15分） 65. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Peter今年刚刚升入高中，不知道自己是否该参加学校的篮球队，发邮件向你求助。请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 给出建议；2. 说明理由。 注意：写作词数应为80左右。 Dear Peter, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Peter, Thanks for your email. I’m happy to give you my suggestions for joining your school basketball team. I think you should join the team as you are good at playing basketball. Joining a team not only can provide you an opportunity to make new friends, which will give you a lot more pride in your school, but also help you stay healthy and energetic both physically and mentally. What’s more, it’s nice to have a break from studying after a long school day. I really hope you will enjoy your high school life.  Yours sincerely,  Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国笔友Peter写封信，对他是否该参加新升入的高中的篮球队给出建议并说明理由。 【详解】1.词汇积累 高兴的：happy→pleased 擅长：be good at→be expert at 提供：provide→offer 机会：opportunity→chance 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I’m happy to give you my suggestions for joining your school basketball team. 拓展句：I’m happy to give you my suggestions on whether you should join your school basketball team. 【点睛】[高分句型1] I think you should join the team as you are good at playing basketball. (运用了as引导的原因状语从句) [高分句型2] Joining a team not only can provide you an opportunity to make new friends, which will give you a lot more pride in your school, but also help you stay healthy and energetic both physically and mentally. (运用了动名词作主语和which引导非限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $