高二英语期中模拟卷（北京专用）-学易金卷：2024-2025学年高中上学期期中模拟考试

绝密★考试结束前 2024-2025学年高二上学期期中模拟卷（北京卷） 英语 （考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：100分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．难度系数：0.65。 5．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节 完形填空（共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项涂黑。 Sports are important in our family. Both of our sons were high-school athletes. So, I shouldn’t have been 1 when Lauren announced she was going out for the girls’ basketball team. But I was, because she has Down syndrome(唐氏综合症). My wife and I never told Lauren that she was 2 . We treated her like our other children. We didn’t want her to feel disabled. “I’m gonna play basketball, Daddy.” Lauren ran to meet me when I came in from work. She flew into my arms and lingered long in my embrace. “That’s 3 , honey,” I patted her shoulder and walked into the kitchen. My wife spoke slowly, her tone steady. “What Lauren’s trying to say is that she’s joining the girls’ high-school basketball team.” Her words 4 in. Everything that could happen flashed through my mind. But what could we do? Mid-November, the season’s first basketball game arrived. It got off to a good start, but soon Verden, Lauren’s team, was behind. Lauren 5 followed the movement on the court and reacted to every shot. Even though she wasn’t playing, she looked as if she were having the time of her life. Just less than two minutes were left, and Verden was down by seventeen points when Lauren was called in for the game! She 6 the others fairly well. From her agile movement and eager expression, I knew she was desperate to score for her team. Then they passed Lauren the ball. She 7 it. She shot. She scored! A few minutes later, Lauren joined us in the stands. “Did you see? I scored! I made a 8 !” For sixteen years, I’d tried hard to 9 Lauren from feeling like she was different. But watching Lauren in the game, I saw that she really was different—not physically or emotionally, but 10 . 1．A．disappointed B．surprised C．depressed D．embarrassed 2．A．normal B．ordinary C．different D．typical 3．A．awful B．strange C．hard D．nice 4．A．sank B．poured C．came D．kicked 5．A．frequently B．carelessly C．attentively D．repeatedly 6．A．kept pace with B．gave way to C．put up with D．broke away from 7．A．threw B．missed C．cast D．caught 8．A．mistake B．record C．mess D．basket 9．A．excuse B．shelter C．discourage D．prohibit 10．A．consciously B．spiritually C．literally D．socially 第二节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分,共15分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A The world will observe International Museum Dayon May 18th. Since 1977, this day 11 (celebrate) by the International Council of Museums annually to raise awareness of the role that museums play in the development of society. The day is an excellent way of 12 (get) more of the younger generations interested in the history and culture available in museums. Every year, the organization 13 (decide) on a new theme. And the theme for 2023 is Museums, Sustainability and Well-being. B 阅读下列短文, 根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词, 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Smartphones are becoming more and more of a necessity for high school students. Therefore, a discussion was held about 14 the senior school students should use smartphones at school. People 15 (support) the idea consider it convenient to contact the students’ parents when necessary. However, people who are against it find some students are addicted to playing the smartphones easily, whose effect on their studies is quite worrying. It is even 16 (bad) that smartphones can also discourage students’ will. C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Reading is a unique human experience. Just by skimming our eyes over some words, we can 17 (mental) travel across time and space. But reading can also be hard, especially when we’re faced with a difficult text. 18 (make) it an easier, more rewarding experience, you’d better read in print whenever possible. One reason for doing so is that our eyes are less likely to skim past printed words than those 19 screen. Plus, consuming content on a physical page helps the brain make a mental map of the information, 20 in turn makes it easier to remember details in future. 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题，每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Grand Canyon National Park Located in northern Arizona, the park covers 277 miles of the Colorado River and nearby uplands. One of the most awesome examples of erosion (侵蚀)  in the world, Grand Canyon is unmatched in the incomparable view it offers to visitors. Park Openings and Closings The Village and Desert View on the South Rim are open all year and park entrances remain open 24 hours a day. North Rim facilities open mid-May and close mid-October. Park entrances remain open 24 hours a day during this time. Hours for visitor centers and businesses vary throughout the year. Park Information The park produces a Pocket Map with a North Rim and South Rim edition that contains a map and information about services, facilities, and park ranger programs. It is available in French, German, Italian, Spanish, and Chinese. A hiking brochure is available for those planning to hike one of the park’s main trails down into Grand Canyon. Obtain publications at entrance stations, visitor centers, or atgo.nps.gov/136oil. Accessibility The terrain (地形) is rugged with narrow, rocky trails and steep cliffs. Visitors using wheelchairs or having visual disabilities may need assistance. For more information about accessibility in Grand Canyon National Park, see go.nps.gov/1rtxl2. Park Entrance Fees Admission to the park us $35 per private vehicle; $30 per motorcycle; and $20 per person entering the park through Grand Canyon Railway, park shuttle bus, walking, or riding a bicycle. The pass can be used for seven days and includes both rims. Pay fees at park entrance stations or at some businesses outside the park. Every year the National Park Service offers entrance fee free days. For complete fee information, please visitgo.nps.gov/y5uu6f. Sustainability Grand Canyon National Park involves sustainability in all aspects of its operations. Use your refillable water bottle to fill up on free Grand Canyon spring water at visitor centers and grocery stores. Recycling containers are conveniently located and as common as trash bins. Discover what else you can do to protect the environment while traveling here and beyond. at go.mos.gov/lb2rzt. 21．People with physical disabilities can find detailed information on park facilities designed for them by visiting_________. A．go.nps.gov/lrtx12 B．go.nps.gov/y5uu6f C．go.nps.gov/136ojl D．go.nps.gov/lb2rzt 22．What is the admission fee if you and your parents plan to go on a six-day vacation to Grand Canyon National Park by driving a car? A．$95. B．$60. C．$35. D．$70. 23．Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? A．Visitors have year-round access to every corner of the national park. B．Hikers who can only speak Chinese cannot explore the North Rim without a guide. C．Visitors are forbidden to leave any trash in the National Park to maintain sustainability. D．The Grand Canyon features is one of the world’s most visually breathtaking landscapes. B I was born missing my left arm. In 1986, at 18 months, I was fitted with a prosthetic (义肢) device, a decision made by my parents and doctors so that I would develop “normally”. I spent my entire childhood and adolescence trying to fit in. I did just about anything to ease the pains of the stares and pointing fingers from my classmates. By the time I was 8, I had no self-confidence, and the hand I was wearing was making it harder for me to fit in. So I decided I was better off without one. I didn’t need anyone to fix me. To prove that I wasn’t limited by my disability, I developed a love for all sports, in particular swimming. I was selected to my first Australian women’s swimming team at age 13 and successfully represented my country for eight years. I realized I’d made a name for myself because of my disability. I taught myself how to be comfortable in a society filled with insecurities. So when I was first contacted in 2021 by Covvi, a company trying to create the world’s most advanced bionic (仿生的) hand, I was a bit surprised. They asked me to trial the hand and, if possible, to become a patient advocate. Initially, I said no. Then, curiosity got the better of me. While I was busy advocating for disability rights, a new generation of leaders, like Amy Purdy and Nick Vujicic, used the power of technology and social media to display wheelchairs or artificial limbs without explanation. People feared disability less. Society was beginning to see a person first, and their disability second. Viewing disability through a social lens also meant acknowledging that a person is more disabled by their environment and the discrimination of others than by their actual disability. As those conversations shifted, I realized that there was an opportunity to use technology to steer the narrative for future generations. In July 2022, I decided to trial the hand. The role of patient advocate is an enormous privilege. Through sharing my journey, I’m able to reach thousands of other people who would benefit from its extraordinary capabilities. That’s why I wear a bionic hand—not because I’m broken, but because I have an opportunity to enhance the human capabilities that already exist. 24．The author developed a love for all sports because ________. A．she was longing for fame B．sports gave her self-confidence C．she wanted to defeat her disability D．her prosthetic device empowered her 25．From Purdy and Vujicic, the author learned ________. A．more people acknowledged their limits B．the disabled needed a friendlier environment C．social media allowed the disabled opportunities D．technology shifted people’s attitudes to disability 26．Which of the following words can best describe the author? A．Intelligent and brave. B．Warm-hearted and patient. C．Responsible and strong-willed. D．Independent and innovative. 27．From the passage, we learn that one should ________. A．maximize one’s abilities by embracing reality B．build one’s social circle with optimism C．stick to one’s goal to achieve success D．take it easy in difficult situations C broccoli When served cauliflower or broccoli, some kids turn away in annoyance. Don’t blame them—a new study suggests specific enzymes (酶) in saliva (唾液) might make these vegetables taste terrible to some children. These enzymes, called cysteine lyases, are produced by bacteria in the mouth. The same enzymes are also locked away in the cells of Brassica vegetables like broccoli and cauliflower. When we chew broccoli, these enzymes spill out of their storage containers while those in our mouth start to work. These enzymes break down a compound (化合物) called S-methyl-L-cysteine sulfoxide (SMCSO) in these vegetables, and this breakdown process transforms the compound into sharp smell molecules (分子). Previous studies of adults suggest the level of cysteine lyase activity in a person’s saliva determines how much the SMCSO breaks down. This, in turn, influences how these vegetables taste to adults. According to these past studies, when different adults consume broccoli, there can be a huge difference in how many unpleasant smells the food lets off as their saliva-borne enzymes break it to bits. But the authors wondered whether the same difference can be seen in kids, who are usually more sensitive to bitter and sour tastes. They suspected that kids whose saliva produced the most smelly, SMCSO-sourced compounds would show the strongest dislike for broccoli.      And the team’s new study proved their assumption. While both adults’ and kids’ saliva produced smelly compounds when exposed to cauliflower, these smells did not influence whether adults liked the vegetable. On the other hand, kids whose saliva produced high concentrations of these smells reported hating cauliflower the most. The new study included 98 pairs of parents and children aged 6 to 8. After taking samples of each participant’s saliva, the scientists mixed it into raw cauliflower powder. They measured the SMCSO-sourced smell compounds let off and found each participant’s saliva generated a different quantity of smells.   Interestingly, the degree of sickly smell production was similar between parents’ saliva and their children’s. This indicates that parents and kids likely carry similar bacteria in their mouths, which would cause them to produce similar levels of cysteine lyases. Our senses of taste and smell are strongest in youth, which may make kids even more sensitive to these differences in flavor. The same preference pattern is not seen in adults, who also produce plenty of bad smells. This suggests that the adults came to tolerate the taste of Brassica vegetables. The findings agree with past studies of how our tastes change over time: we can learn to overcome our distaste for certain food by eating it more. 28．What are the first two paragraphs mainly about? A．The function of mouth bacteria. B．The cause of an unpleasant flavor. C．The feature of Brassica vegetables. D．The form of enzymes in our mouth. 29．What do previous studies indicate? A．SMCSO-breakdown depends on various enzymes. B．Enzymes determine the taste of Brassica vegetables. C．Individuals release varying amounts of smell molecules. D．Kids producing the most smells hate broccoli particularly. 30．What can we conclude from the passage? A．We might accept some foods through repeated exposure. B．The level of smells may affect an adult’s taste preference. C．Parents’ and their kids’ saliva-borne enzymes don’t match. D．Kids’ saliva could produce higher concentrations of smells. 31．Why does the author write the passage? A．To explain a food preference. B．To introduce a research method. C．To illustrate a biological process. D．To show the discovery of an enzyme. D Last fall, I happened to overhear a student telling the others he had decided not to sign up for an introductory philosophy (哲学) course. The demands of his major, be said seriously, meant he needed to take “practical” courses, and “enlightenment” would simply have to wait. For now, employability was the most important. The students’ conversation fits into a larger alarming word about the role of the humanities in higher education. In a time of dizzying technological achievement and of rapid scientific innovation, sceptics of the humanities may question the usefulness of studying Aristotle, the Italian Renaissance (文艺复兴) or Chinese fiction. Actually, I regret not interrupting that student to argue for taking that introductory philosophy course. I would have started by reminding him that, for much of America’s history, college graduates were not considered truly educated unless they had mastered philosophy, literature, political theory and history. The key role of higher education was to invite students into the conversations about matters like what it means to be alive and the definition of justice. Fostering (鼓励) engagement with these subjects is still an essential part of the university’s function in society. I would have also mentioned to the student that he was misinformed about the job market. It is true that many employers are looking for graduates with specialized technical skills, but they also look for other capabilities. As the world is transformed by artificial intelligence, machine learning and automation, the unique human qualities of creativity, imagination and moral reasoning will be the ultimate coin of the realm. All these skills are developed in humanities courses. Further, I would have argued that while a degree anchored in the sciences is an important precondition for many jobs, it is not the only route. Look no further than the founders of companies such as LinkedIn, Slack and Flickr, who are among the many tech businesspersons with degrees in the humanities, and who credit that training for their success. Far from the widely held belief that humanities majors have a hard time getting jobs, recent studies show that those with humanities degrees are successful in the workplace, experiencing low rates of unemployment and reporting high levels of job satisfaction. The ratio between average median (中位数) incomes for humanities degree holders and those with business, engineering, and health and medical sciences degrees has been shown to narrow over the course of a career. The case for the humanities can also be understood in less transactional (事务性的) terms and more as a foundational preparation for a life well lived. A humanities education plays a vital role in encouraging citizens to lead an examined life. It fosters critical thinking, self-reflection, empathy and tolerance, the usefulness of which only becomes more apparent as one navigates life’s challenges. By all means, students should take courses they think practical and follow their interests, but if they also make a point of studying the literature of the Renaissance, or researching into modern poetry, or even taking introductory philosophy, we will all benefit. 32．What do the students’ conversation show? A．Students feel employment difficult. B．Students think philosophy less important. C．Students find scientific innovation amazing. D．Students consider university courses unsatisfying. 33．What does the underlined part in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Equally applied. B．Highly valued. C．Strictly assessed. D．Greatly improved. 34．The author may agree that humanities___________. A．provide great insights into life B．prepare students for graduation C．discover students’ artistic ability D．raise awareness of social celebrity 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有项为多余选项。 Tornadoes Tornadoes are essentially funnels of air rotating as fast as 300 miles per hour. Of course, not all tornadoes are so dangerous. 35 Such small tornadoes occur in many places around the world, even in southern Taiwan, where several are usually reported every spring. It is, however, the big tornadoes that receive the most attention. 36 There can be flocks of dead birds dropping out of the sky, chickens still alive but with all of their feathers gone, pieces of straw stuck in trees. In a 1999 US storm, violent winds from one tornado lifted a church into the air and dropped it onto a house. In the same storm, a baby was whipped from its mother’s arms and, miraculously, found alive in a nearby tree. 37 Although scientists now know a great deal about tornadoes, they still cannot determine exactly when and where one will form. In addition, the path of a tornado can also be impossible to predict. It is unlikely to move in a straight line, and will often turn quickly. A tornado might blow down a line of houses, then suddenly lift up and leave one home unhurt, then touch back down and destroy the rest of the line. To better understand tornadoes, scientists have developed special heavy-duty vehicles and weather-monitoring equipment that allow them to make close-up observations of these dangerous storms. Radar equipment is put on trucks and driven near a tornado, where it records wind speeds and other weather data. 38 In addition, better communication and warning systems are also helping to reduce deaths and injuries in many tornado-prone areas. Radio and television warnings as well as sirens help to alert people to potential danger. Public awareness is also important. When tornadoes do occur, people must act quickly. They should move immediately to a safe place such as a basement or under a strong stairway and cover themselves with blankets or heavy coats. 39 A．Either big storms or small ones can form quickly causing damage to some degree. B．These bring not only death and destruction, but also stories of strange phenomena. C．Many more are small storms that form quickly and disappear, causing little or no damage. D．A tornado can arrive so unexpectedly that a matter of seconds can mean the difference between life and death. E．Driving the radar hundreds of miles to chase down a tornado is a best job that can be quite dangerous. F．What makes tornadoes so dangerous is not just their great power but also their unpredictable nature. G．Scientists often have to drive the radar hundreds of miles to chase down a tornado — a job that can be quite dangerous! 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，共32分） 第一节 阅读表达（共4小题，第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。 In life, once on a path, we tend to follow it, for better or worse. What’s sad is that even if it’s the latter, we often follow a certain path anyway because we are so used to the way things are that we don’t even recognize that they could be different. Psychologists call this phenomenon functional fixedness. This classic experiment will give you an idea of how it works — and a sense of whether you may have fallen into the same trap: People are given a box of tacks (大头钉) and some matches and asked to find a way to attach a candle to a wall so that it burns properly. Typically, the subjects try tacking the candle to the wall or lighting it to fix it with melted wax (石蜡). The tacks are too short, and the candle doesn’t fasten to the wall. So how can you accomplish the task? The successful technique is to use the tack box as a candle holder. You empty it, tack it to the wall, and stand the candle inside it. To think of that, you have to look beyond the box’s usual role as a container just for tacks and reimagine it serving an entirely new purpose. That is difficult because we all suffer — to one degree or another — from functional fixedness. The inability to think in new ways affects people in every corner of society. The political theorist Hannah Arend coined the phrase frozen thoughts to describe deeply held ideas that we no longer question but should. In Arendt’s eyes, the complacent reliance on such accepted “truths” also made people blind to ideas that didn’t fit their worldview, even when there was ample evidence for them. Frozen thinking has nothing to do with intelligence, she said, “It can be found in highly intelligent people.” Another context in which frozen thinking can turn truly dangerous is medicine. If you land in the hospital, it’s natural to want to be treated by the most experienced physicians on staff. But according to a 2014 study in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), you’d be better off being treated by the relative novices. 40．What does “functional fixedness” mean? 41．How is the candle attached to the wall? 42．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ▶Frozen thinking is common among ordinary people but less found in those with high IQ. 43． How can you avoid frozen thoughts in your daily life? (In about 40 words) 第二节: 书面表达（共一题，20分) 假设你是红星中学的高二学生李华，你的英国笔友 David计划11月来北京旅行，请你推荐适合他游玩的公园。请给他回一封邮件。内容包括： 1. 推荐一个公园； 2. 推荐理由； 3. 游览建议。 注意： (1)词数 100 左右(开头和结尾均已给出，不计入总词数)； (2)可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear David, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 试卷第6页，共7页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… 此卷只装订不密封 ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… … 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________ 绝密★考试结束前 2024-2025学年高二上学期期中模拟卷（北京卷） 英语 （考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：100分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．难度系数：0.65。 5．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节 完型填空（共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项涂黑。 Sports are important in our family. Both of our sons were high-school athletes. So, I shouldn’t have been 1 when Lauren announced she was going out for the girls’ basketball team. But I was, because she has Down syndrome(唐氏综合症). My wife and I never told Lauren that she was 2 . We treated her like our other children. We didn’t want her to feel disabled. “I’m gonna play basketball, Daddy.” Lauren ran to meet me when I came in from work. She flew into my arms and lingered long in my embrace. “That’s 3 , honey,” I patted her shoulder and walked into the kitchen. My wife spoke slowly, her tone steady. “What Lauren’s trying to say is that she’s joining the girls’ high-school basketball team.” Her words 4 in. Everything that could happen flashed through my mind. But what could we do? Mid-November, the season’s first basketball game arrived. It got off to a good start, but soon Verden, Lauren’s team, was behind. Lauren 5 followed the movement on the court and reacted to every shot. Even though she wasn’t playing, she looked as if she were having the time of her life. Just less than two minutes were left, and Verden was down by seventeen points when Lauren was called in for the game! She 6 the others fairly well. From her agile movement and eager expression, I knew she was desperate to score for her team. Then they passed Lauren the ball. She 7 it. She shot. She scored! A few minutes later, Lauren joined us in the stands. “Did you see? I scored! I made a 8 !” For sixteen years, I’d tried hard to 9 Lauren from feeling like she was different. But watching Lauren in the game, I saw that she really was different—not physically or emotionally, but 10 . 1．A．disappointed B．surprised C．depressed D．embarrassed 2．A．normal B．ordinary C．different D．typical 3．A．awful B．strange C．hard D．nice 4．A．sank B．poured C．came D．kicked 5．A．frequently B．carelessly C．attentively D．repeatedly 6．A．kept pace with B．gave way to C．put up with D．broke away from 7．A．threw B．missed C．cast D．caught 8．A．mistake B．record C．mess D．basket 9．A．excuse B．shelter C．discourage D．prohibit 10．A．consciously B．spiritually C．literally D．socially 第二节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分,共15分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A The world will observe International Museum Dayon May 18th. Since 1977, this day 11 (celebrate) by the International Council of Museums annually to raise awareness of the role that museums play in the development of society. The day is an excellent way of 12 (get) more of the younger generations interested in the history and culture available in museums. Every year, the organization 13 (decide) on a new theme. And the theme for 2023 is Museums, Sustainability and Well-being. B 阅读下列短文, 根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词, 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Smartphones are becoming more and more of a necessity for high school students. Therefore, a discussion was held about 14 the senior school students should use smartphones at school. People 15 (support) the idea consider it convenient to contact the students’ parents when necessary. However, people who are against it find some students are addicted to playing the smartphones easily, whose effect on their studies is quite worrying. It is even 16 (bad) that smartphones can also discourage students’ will. C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Reading is a unique human experience. Just by skimming our eyes over some words, we can 17 (mental) travel across time and space. But reading can also be hard, especially when we’re faced with a difficult text. 18 (make) it an easier, more rewarding experience, you’d better read in print whenever possible. One reason for doing so is that our eyes are less likely to skim past printed words than those 19 screen. Plus, consuming content on a physical page helps the brain make a mental map of the information, 20 in turn makes it easier to remember details in future. 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题，每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Grand Canyon National Park Located in northern Arizona, the park covers 277 miles of the Colorado River and nearby uplands. One of the most awesome examples of erosion (侵蚀)  in the world, Grand Canyon is unmatched in the incomparable view it offers to visitors. Park Openings and Closings The Village and Desert View on the South Rim are open all year and park entrances remain open 24 hours a day. North Rim facilities open mid-May and close mid-October. Park entrances remain open 24 hours a day during this time. Hours for visitor centers and businesses vary throughout the year. Park Information The park produces a Pocket Map with a North Rim and South Rim edition that contains a map and information about services, facilities, and park ranger programs. It is available in French, German, Italian, Spanish, and Chinese. A hiking brochure is available for those planning to hike one of the park’s main trails down into Grand Canyon. Obtain publications at entrance stations, visitor centers, or atgo.nps.gov/136oil. Accessibility The terrain (地形) is rugged with narrow, rocky trails and steep cliffs. Visitors using wheelchairs or having visual disabilities may need assistance. For more information about accessibility in Grand Canyon National Park, see go.nps.gov/1rtxl2. Park Entrance Fees Admission to the park us $35 per private vehicle; $30 per motorcycle; and $20 per person entering the park through Grand Canyon Railway, park shuttle bus, walking, or riding a bicycle. The pass can be used for seven days and includes both rims. Pay fees at park entrance stations or at some businesses outside the park. Every year the National Park Service offers entrance fee free days. For complete fee information, please visitgo.nps.gov/y5uu6f. Sustainability Grand Canyon National Park involves sustainability in all aspects of its operations. Use your refillable water bottle to fill up on free Grand Canyon spring water at visitor centers and grocery stores. Recycling containers are conveniently located and as common as trash bins. Discover what else you can do to protect the environment while traveling here and beyond. at go.mos.gov/lb2rzt. 21．People with physical disabilities can find detailed information on park facilities designed for them by visiting_________. A．go.nps.gov/lrtx12 B．go.nps.gov/y5uu6f C．go.nps.gov/136ojl D．go.nps.gov/lb2rzt 22．What is the admission fee if you and your parents plan to go on a six-day vacation to Grand Canyon National Park by driving a car? A．$95. B．$60. C．$35. D．$70. 23．Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? A．Visitors have year-round access to every corner of the national park. B．Hikers who can only speak Chinese cannot explore the North Rim without a guide. C．Visitors are forbidden to leave any trash in the National Park to maintain sustainability. D．The Grand Canyon features is one of the world’s most visually breathtaking landscapes. B I was born missing my left arm. In 1986, at 18 months, I was fitted with a prosthetic (义肢) device, a decision made by my parents and doctors so that I would develop “normally”. I spent my entire childhood and adolescence trying to fit in. I did just about anything to ease the pains of the stares and pointing fingers from my classmates. By the time I was 8, I had no self-confidence, and the hand I was wearing was making it harder for me to fit in. So I decided I was better off without one. I didn’t need anyone to fix me. To prove that I wasn’t limited by my disability, I developed a love for all sports, in particular swimming. I was selected to my first Australian women’s swimming team at age 13 and successfully represented my country for eight years. I realized I’d made a name for myself because of my disability. I taught myself how to be comfortable in a society filled with insecurities. So when I was first contacted in 2021 by Covvi, a company trying to create the world’s most advanced bionic (仿生的) hand, I was a bit surprised. They asked me to trial the hand and, if possible, to become a patient advocate. Initially, I said no. Then, curiosity got the better of me. While I was busy advocating for disability rights, a new generation of leaders, like Amy Purdy and Nick Vujicic, used the power of technology and social media to display wheelchairs or artificial limbs without explanation. People feared disability less. Society was beginning to see a person first, and their disability second. Viewing disability through a social lens also meant acknowledging that a person is more disabled by their environment and the discrimination of others than by their actual disability. As those conversations shifted, I realized that there was an opportunity to use technology to steer the narrative for future generations. In July 2022, I decided to trial the hand. The role of patient advocate is an enormous privilege. Through sharing my journey, I’m able to reach thousands of other people who would benefit from its extraordinary capabilities. That’s why I wear a bionic hand—not because I’m broken, but because I have an opportunity to enhance the human capabilities that already exist. 24．The author developed a love for all sports because ________. A．she was longing for fame B．sports gave her self-confidence C．she wanted to defeat her disability D．her prosthetic device empowered her 25．From Purdy and Vujicic, the author learned ________. A．more people acknowledged their limits B．the disabled needed a friendlier environment C．social media allowed the disabled opportunities D．technology shifted people’s attitudes to disability 26．Which of the following words can best describe the author? A．Intelligent and brave. B．Warm-hearted and patient. C．Responsible and strong-willed. D．Independent and innovative. 27．From the passage, we learn that one should ________. A．maximize one’s abilities by embracing reality B．build one’s social circle with optimism C．stick to one’s goal to achieve success D．take it easy in difficult situations C broccoli When served cauliflower or broccoli, some kids turn away in annoyance. Don’t blame them—a new study suggests specific enzymes (酶) in saliva (唾液) might make these vegetables taste terrible to some children. These enzymes, called cysteine lyases, are produced by bacteria in the mouth. The same enzymes are also locked away in the cells of Brassica vegetables like broccoli and cauliflower. When we chew broccoli, these enzymes spill out of their storage containers while those in our mouth start to work. These enzymes break down a compound (化合物) called S-methyl-L-cysteine sulfoxide (SMCSO) in these vegetables, and this breakdown process transforms the compound into sharp smell molecules (分子). Previous studies of adults suggest the level of cysteine lyase activity in a person’s saliva determines how much the SMCSO breaks down. This, in turn, influences how these vegetables taste to adults. According to these past studies, when different adults consume broccoli, there can be a huge difference in how many unpleasant smells the food lets off as their saliva-borne enzymes break it to bits. But the authors wondered whether the same difference can be seen in kids, who are usually more sensitive to bitter and sour tastes. They suspected that kids whose saliva produced the most smelly, SMCSO-sourced compounds would show the strongest dislike for broccoli.      And the team’s new study proved their assumption. While both adults’ and kids’ saliva produced smelly compounds when exposed to cauliflower, these smells did not influence whether adults liked the vegetable. On the other hand, kids whose saliva produced high concentrations of these smells reported hating cauliflower the most. The new study included 98 pairs of parents and children aged 6 to 8. After taking samples of each participant’s saliva, the scientists mixed it into raw cauliflower powder. They measured the SMCSO-sourced smell compounds let off and found each participant’s saliva generated a different quantity of smells.   Interestingly, the degree of sickly smell production was similar between parents’ saliva and their children’s. This indicates that parents and kids likely carry similar bacteria in their mouths, which would cause them to produce similar levels of cysteine lyases. Our senses of taste and smell are strongest in youth, which may make kids even more sensitive to these differences in flavor. The same preference pattern is not seen in adults, who also produce plenty of bad smells. This suggests that the adults came to tolerate the taste of Brassica vegetables. The findings agree with past studies of how our tastes change over time: we can learn to overcome our distaste for certain food by eating it more. 28．What are the first two paragraphs mainly about? A．The function of mouth bacteria. B．The cause of an unpleasant flavor. C．The feature of Brassica vegetables. D．The form of enzymes in our mouth. 29．What do previous studies indicate? A．SMCSO-breakdown depends on various enzymes. B．Enzymes determine the taste of Brassica vegetables. C．Individuals release varying amounts of smell molecules. D．Kids producing the most smells hate broccoli particularly. 30．What can we conclude from the passage? A．We might accept some foods through repeated exposure. B．The level of smells may affect an adult’s taste preference. C．Parents’ and their kids’ saliva-borne enzymes don’t match. D．Kids’ saliva could produce higher concentrations of smells. 31．Why does the author write the passage? A．To explain a food preference. B．To introduce a research method. C．To illustrate a biological process. D．To show the discovery of an enzyme. D Last fall, I happened to overhear a student telling the others he had decided not to sign up for an introductory philosophy (哲学) course. The demands of his major, be said seriously, meant he needed to take “practical” courses, and “enlightenment” would simply have to wait. For now, employability was the most important. The students’ conversation fits into a larger alarming word about the role of the humanities in higher education. In a time of dizzying technological achievement and of rapid scientific innovation, sceptics of the humanities may question the usefulness of studying Aristotle, the Italian Renaissance (文艺复兴) or Chinese fiction. Actually, I regret not interrupting that student to argue for taking that introductory philosophy course. I would have started by reminding him that, for much of America’s history, college graduates were not considered truly educated unless they had mastered philosophy, literature, political theory and history. The key role of higher education was to invite students into the conversations about matters like what it means to be alive and the definition of justice. Fostering (鼓励) engagement with these subjects is still an essential part of the university’s function in society. I would have also mentioned to the student that he was misinformed about the job market. It is true that many employers are looking for graduates with specialized technical skills, but they also look for other capabilities. As the world is transformed by artificial intelligence, machine learning and automation, the unique human qualities of creativity, imagination and moral reasoning will be the ultimate coin of the realm. All these skills are developed in humanities courses. Further, I would have argued that while a degree anchored in the sciences is an important precondition for many jobs, it is not the only route. Look no further than the founders of companies such as LinkedIn, Slack and Flickr, who are among the many tech businesspersons with degrees in the humanities, and who credit that training for their success. Far from the widely held belief that humanities majors have a hard time getting jobs, recent studies show that those with humanities degrees are successful in the workplace, experiencing low rates of unemployment and reporting high levels of job satisfaction. The ratio between average median (中位数) incomes for humanities degree holders and those with business, engineering, and health and medical sciences degrees has been shown to narrow over the course of a career. The case for the humanities can also be understood in less transactional (事务性的) terms and more as a foundational preparation for a life well lived. A humanities education plays a vital role in encouraging citizens to lead an examined life. It fosters critical thinking, self-reflection, empathy and tolerance, the usefulness of which only becomes more apparent as one navigates life’s challenges. By all means, students should take courses they think practical and follow their interests, but if they also make a point of studying the literature of the Renaissance, or researching into modern poetry, or even taking introductory philosophy, we will all benefit. 32．What do the students’ conversation show? A．Students feel employment difficult. B．Students think philosophy less important. C．Students find scientific innovation amazing. D．Students consider university courses unsatisfying. 33．What does the underlined part in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Equally applied. B．Highly valued. C．Strictly assessed. D．Greatly improved. 34．The author may agree that humanities___________. A．provide great insights into life B．prepare students for graduation C．discover students’ artistic ability D．raise awareness of social celebrity 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有项为多余选项。 Tornadoes Tornadoes are essentially funnels of air rotating as fast as 300 miles per hour. Of course, not all tornadoes are so dangerous. 35 Such small tornadoes occur in many places around the world, even in southern Taiwan, where several are usually reported every spring. It is, however, the big tornadoes that receive the most attention. 36 There can be flocks of dead birds dropping out of the sky, chickens still alive but with all of their feathers gone, pieces of straw stuck in trees. In a 1999 US storm, violent winds from one tornado lifted a church into the air and dropped it onto a house. In the same storm, a baby was whipped from its mother’s arms and, miraculously, found alive in a nearby tree. 37 Although scientists now know a great deal about tornadoes, they still cannot determine exactly when and where one will form. In addition, the path of a tornado can also be impossible to predict. It is unlikely to move in a straight line, and will often turn quickly. A tornado might blow down a line of houses, then suddenly lift up and leave one home unhurt, then touch back down and destroy the rest of the line. To better understand tornadoes, scientists have developed special heavy-duty vehicles and weather-monitoring equipment that allow them to make close-up observations of these dangerous storms. Radar equipment is put on trucks and driven near a tornado, where it records wind speeds and other weather data. 38 In addition, better communication and warning systems are also helping to reduce deaths and injuries in many tornado-prone areas. Radio and television warnings as well as sirens help to alert people to potential danger. Public awareness is also important. When tornadoes do occur, people must act quickly. They should move immediately to a safe place such as a basement or under a strong stairway and cover themselves with blankets or heavy coats. 39 A．Either big storms or small ones can form quickly causing damage to some degree. B．These bring not only death and destruction, but also stories of strange phenomena. C．Many more are small storms that form quickly and disappear, causing little or no damage. D．A tornado can arrive so unexpectedly that a matter of seconds can mean the difference between life and death. E．Driving the radar hundreds of miles to chase down a tornado is a best job that can be quite dangerous. F．What makes tornadoes so dangerous is not just their great power but also their unpredictable nature. G．Scientists often have to drive the radar hundreds of miles to chase down a tornado — a job that can be quite dangerous! 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，共32分） 第一节 阅读表达（共4小题，第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。 In life, once on a path, we tend to follow it, for better or worse. What’s sad is that even if it’s the latter, we often follow a certain path anyway because we are so used to the way things are that we don’t even recognize that they could be different. Psychologists call this phenomenon functional fixedness. This classic experiment will give you an idea of how it works — and a sense of whether you may have fallen into the same trap: People are given a box of tacks (大头钉) and some matches and asked to find a way to attach a candle to a wall so that it burns properly. Typically, the subjects try tacking the candle to the wall or lighting it to fix it with melted wax (石蜡). The tacks are too short, and the candle doesn’t fasten to the wall. So how can you accomplish the task? The successful technique is to use the tack box as a candle holder. You empty it, tack it to the wall, and stand the candle inside it. To think of that, you have to look beyond the box’s usual role as a container just for tacks and reimagine it serving an entirely new purpose. That is difficult because we all suffer — to one degree or another — from functional fixedness. The inability to think in new ways affects people in every corner of society. The political theorist Hannah Arend coined the phrase frozen thoughts to describe deeply held ideas that we no longer question but should. In Arendt’s eyes, the complacent reliance on such accepted “truths” also made people blind to ideas that didn’t fit their worldview, even when there was ample evidence for them. Frozen thinking has nothing to do with intelligence, she said, “It can be found in highly intelligent people.” Another context in which frozen thinking can turn truly dangerous is medicine. If you land in the hospital, it’s natural to want to be treated by the most experienced physicians on staff. But according to a 2014 study in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), you’d be better off being treated by the relative novices. 40．What does “functional fixedness” mean? 41．How is the candle attached to the wall? 42．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ▶Frozen thinking is common among ordinary people but less found in those with high IQ. 43． How can you avoid frozen thoughts in your daily life? (In about 40 words) 第二节: 书面表达（共一题，20分) 假设你是红星中学的高二学生李华，你的英国笔友 David计划11月来北京旅行，请你推荐适合他游玩的公园。请给他回一封邮件。内容包括： 1. 推荐一个公园； 2. 推荐理由； 3. 游览建议。 注意： (1)词数 100 左右(开头和结尾均已给出，不计入总词数)； (2)可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear David, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 试题 第11页（共12页） 试题 第12页（共12页） 试题 第9页（共12页） 试题 第10页（共12页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年高二上学期期中模拟卷（北京卷） 英语 （考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：100分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．难度系数：0.65。 5．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节 完形填空（共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项涂黑。 Sports are important in our family. Both of our sons were high-school athletes. So, I shouldn’t have been 1 when Lauren announced she was going out for the girls’ basketball team. But I was, because she has Down syndrome(唐氏综合症). My wife and I never told Lauren that she was 2 . We treated her like our other children. We didn’t want her to feel disabled. “I’m gonna play basketball, Daddy.” Lauren ran to meet me when I came in from work. She flew into my arms and lingered long in my embrace. “That’s 3 , honey,” I patted her shoulder and walked into the kitchen. My wife spoke slowly, her tone steady. “What Lauren’s trying to say is that she’s joining the girls’ high-school basketball team.” Her words 4 in. Everything that could happen flashed through my mind. But what could we do? Mid-November, the season’s first basketball game arrived. It got off to a good start, but soon Verden, Lauren’s team, was behind. Lauren 5 followed the movement on the court and reacted to every shot. Even though she wasn’t playing, she looked as if she were having the time of her life. Just less than two minutes were left, and Verden was down by seventeen points when Lauren was called in for the game! She 6 the others fairly well. From her agile movement and eager expression, I knew she was desperate to score for her team. Then they passed Lauren the ball. She 7 it. She shot. She scored! A few minutes later, Lauren joined us in the stands. “Did you see? I scored! I made a 8 !” For sixteen years, I’d tried hard to 9 Lauren from feeling like she was different. But watching Lauren in the game, I saw that she really was different—not physically or emotionally, but 10 . 1．A．disappointed B．surprised C．depressed D．embarrassed 2．A．normal B．ordinary C．different D．typical 3．A．awful B．strange C．hard D．nice 4．A．sank B．poured C．came D．kicked 5．A．frequently B．carelessly C．attentively D．repeatedly 6．A．kept pace with B．gave way to C．put up with D．broke away from 7．A．threw B．missed C．cast D．caught 8．A．mistake B．record C．mess D．basket 9．A．excuse B．shelter C．discourage D．prohibit 10．A．consciously B．spiritually C．literally D．socially 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．D 8．D 9．B 10．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位女孩劳伦，她有唐氏综合症，但是她的父母一直以来都没有告诉她这个事实，并且对她和其他孩子一样对待。Laure表现出对篮球的兴趣，并加入了女子篮球队。在一场比赛中，虽然她被叫上场的时间很短，但她成功地投篮得分，这让她感到非常自豪。通过这次比赛，父亲意识到劳伦的不同之处不仅仅是身体和情感上的，而是她对生活的态度。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以，当劳伦宣布她要参加女子篮球队时，我不应该感到惊讶。A. disappointed沮丧的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. depressed沮丧的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据“But I was, because she has Down syndrome”可知，对于正常的孩子来说参加篮球队是不应该感到惊讶的，但因为劳伦有唐氏综合征，她要参加篮球队这是让作者惊讶的。故选B。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我和妻子从未告诉劳伦她与众不同。A. normal正常的；B. ordinary普通的；C. different不同的；D. typical典型的。根据“We treated her like our other children. We didn’t want her to feel disabled.”可知，作者和妻子从未告诉劳伦她与众不同，作者对待她与对待其他的孩子是一样的。故选C。 3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：太好了，亲爱的。A. awful糟糕的；B. strange奇怪的；C. hard困难的；D. nice愉快的。根据““I’m gonna play basketball, Daddy.””可知，劳伦告诉作者其要参加篮球队，作为父亲，作者表示赞同。故选D。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的话被理解了。A. sank沉入，被理解；B. poured倾倒；C. came来到；D. kicked踢。根据““What Lauren’s trying to say is that she’s joining the girls’ high-school basketball team.””可知，作者理解了劳伦的话即劳伦想说的是她要加入女子高中篮球队。故选A。 5．考查副词词义辨析。句意：劳伦专注地注视着场上的动作，对每一个投篮都做出反应。A. frequently经常地；B. carelessly不小心地；C. attentively注意地；D. repeatedly反复的。根据“reacted to every shot”可知，劳伦专注地注视着场上的动作，对每一个投篮都做出反应。故选C。 6．考查动词短语辨析。句意：她能跟上其他人步调，跟的相当好。A. kept pace with跟上；B. gave way to让位给；C. put up with忍受；D. broke away from逃离。根据“the others fairly well”可知，她能跟上其他人步调，跟的相当好。故选A。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她抓住了球。A. threw投掷；B. missed错过；C. cast投掷；D. caught抓住。根据“Then they passed Lauren the ball.”可知，队友们把球传给了劳伦，劳伦接住了球即抓住了球。故选D。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我投进球了！A. mistake错误；B. record记录；C. mess混乱；D. basket投篮得分。根据“I scored!”可知，劳伦进球了。故选D。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：16年来，我一直努力不让劳伦觉得自己与众不同。A. excuse借口；B. shelter提供保护；C. discourage使泄气；D. prohibit禁止。根据“from feeling like she was different”可知，作者一直努力不让劳伦觉得自己与众不同。故选B。 10．考查副词词义辨析。句意：但看着比赛中的劳伦，我发现她真的与众不同——不是身体上的，也不是情感上的，而是精神上的。A. consciously有意识地；B. spiritually精神上地；C. literally文字地；D. socially社交地。根据“not physically or emotionally”可知，看着比赛中的劳伦，作者发现她真的与众不同——不是身体上的，也不是情感上的，而是精神上的。故选B。 第二节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分,共15分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A The world will observe International Museum Day on May 18th. Since 1977, this day 11 (celebrate) by the International Council of Museums annually to raise awareness of the role that museums play in the development of society. The day is an excellent way of 12 (get) more of the younger generations interested in the history and culture available in museums. Every year, the organization 13 (decide) on a new theme. And the theme for 2023 is Museums, Sustainability and Well-being. 【答案】11．has been celebrated 12．getting 13．decides 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是国际博物馆日。 11．考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：自1977年以来，国际博物馆理事会每年都会庆祝这一天，以提高人们对博物馆在社会发展中所起作用的认识。由Since 1977可知，句子时态用现在完成时，由by可知，句子用被动语态，因此空格处是现在完成时的被动语态，即have/has been done，主语this day是单数，因此空格处是has been celebrated，故填has been celebrated。 12．考查非谓语动词。句意：这一天是让更多的年轻一代对博物馆的历史和文化感兴趣的好方法。fo是介词，其后跟动名词作宾语，故填getting。 13．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：每年，该组织都会决定一个新的主题。由Every year可知，句子时态用一般现在时，主语organization是单数，因此空格处用第三人称单数，故填decides。 B 阅读下列短文, 根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词, 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Smartphones are becoming more and more of a necessity for high school students. Therefore, a discussion was held about 14 the senior school students should use smartphones at school. People 15 (support) the idea consider it convenient to contact the students’ parents when necessary. However, people who are against it find some students are addicted to playing the smartphones easily, whose effect on their studies is quite worrying. It is even 16 (bad) that smartphones can also discourage students’ will. 【答案】14．whether 15．supporting 16．worse 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。上周学校就高中生是否应该在学校使用我们的智能手机举办了一次讨论会，文章描述了讨论的结果。 14．考查宾语从句。句意：因此，就高中生是否应该在学校使用智能手机进行了讨论。空格处引导的是宾语从句，根据语境可知，句子表示“就高中生是否应该在学校使用智能手机进行了讨论”，空格处意为“是否”，about是介词，只能用whether引导从句。故填whether。 15．考查非谓语动词。句意：支持这一想法的人认为在必要时联系学生家长很方便。句中谓语是consider，空格处用非谓语动词，People和support之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，故填supporting。 16．考查比较级。句意：更糟糕的是，智能手机也会打击学生的意志。even修饰比较级，bad的比较级是worse，故填worse。 C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Reading is a unique human experience. Just by skimming our eyes over some words, we can 17 (mental) travel across time and space. But reading can also be hard, especially when we’re faced with a difficult text. 18 (make) it an easier, more rewarding experience, you’d better read in print whenever possible. One reason for doing so is that our eyes are less likely to skim past printed words than those 19 screen. Plus, consuming content on a physical page helps the brain make a mental map of the information, 20 in turn makes it easier to remember details in future. 【答案】17．mentally 18．To make 19．on 20．which 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。阅读是一种独特的人类体验。阅读时，我们应该尽可能地阅读纸质书。 17．考查副词。句意：只要我们的眼睛掠过一些单词，我们就可以在精神上穿越时空。根据句意和所给形容词mental分析句子可知，空格处应该填入mental的副词形式mentally作状语，修饰谓语动词。故填mentally。 18．考查不定式。句意：为了让阅读变得更容易、更有意义，你最好尽可能地阅读纸质书。根据句意和所给动词make分析句子可知，空格处应该填入不定式to make作目的状语。故填To make。 19．考查介词。句意：这样做的一个原因是，与屏幕上的单词相比，我们的眼睛更不太可能跳过印刷的单词。根据句意和空格后的名词screen可知，空格处应该填入介词on和名词screen搭配，on screen（在屏幕上）。故填on。 20．考查定语从句。句意：此外，在实体页面上浏览内容有助于大脑对信息进行心理映射，这反过来又使其更容易在未来记住细节。根据句意分析句子可知，　　　　in turn makes it easier to remember details in future.是一个非限制性定语从句，该定语从句缺少主语，所以空格处应该填入一个关系代词，代替前面句子的内容在从句中作主语，所以，应该用关系代词which。故填which。 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题，每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Grand Canyon National Park Located in northern Arizona, the park covers 277 miles of the Colorado River and nearby uplands. One of the most awesome examples of erosion (侵蚀)  in the world, Grand Canyon is unmatched in the incomparable view it offers to visitors. Park Openings and Closings The Village and Desert View on the South Rim are open all year and park entrances remain open 24 hours a day. North Rim facilities open mid-May and close mid-October. Park entrances remain open 24 hours a day during this time. Hours for visitor centers and businesses vary throughout the year. Park Information The park produces a Pocket Map with a North Rim and South Rim edition that contains a map and information about services, facilities, and park ranger programs. It is available in French, German, Italian, Spanish, and Chinese. A hiking brochure is available for those planning to hike one of the park’s main trails down into Grand Canyon. Obtain publications at entrance stations, visitor centers, or atgo.nps.gov/136oil. Accessibility The terrain (地形) is rugged with narrow, rocky trails and steep cliffs. Visitors using wheelchairs or having visual disabilities may need assistance. For more information about accessibility in Grand Canyon National Park, see go.nps.gov/1rtxl2. Park Entrance Fees Admission to the park us $35 per private vehicle; $30 per motorcycle; and $20 per person entering the park through Grand Canyon Railway, park shuttle bus, walking, or riding a bicycle. The pass can be used for seven days and includes both rims. Pay fees at park entrance stations or at some businesses outside the park. Every year the National Park Service offers entrance fee free days. For complete fee information, please visitgo.nps.gov/y5uu6f. Sustainability Grand Canyon National Park involves sustainability in all aspects of its operations. Use your refillable water bottle to fill up on free Grand Canyon spring water at visitor centers and grocery stores. Recycling containers are conveniently located and as common as trash bins. Discover what else you can do to protect the environment while traveling here and beyond. at go.mos.gov/lb2rzt. 21．People with physical disabilities can find detailed information on park facilities designed for them by visiting_________. A．go.nps.gov/lrtx12 B．go.nps.gov/y5uu6f C．go.nps.gov/136ojl D．go.nps.gov/lb2rzt 22．What is the admission fee if you and your parents plan to go on a six-day vacation to Grand Canyon National Park by driving a car? A．$95. B．$60. C．$35. D．$70. 23．Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? A．Visitors have year-round access to every corner of the national park. B．Hikers who can only speak Chinese cannot explore the North Rim without a guide. C．Visitors are forbidden to leave any trash in the National Park to maintain sustainability. D．The Grand Canyon features is one of the world’s most visually breathtaking landscapes. 【答案】21．A 22．C 23．D 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了Grand Canyon National Park的相关信息，包括公园的位置、覆盖范围、公园的开放和关闭时间、公园的信息、可达性、入园费用以及可持续性等方面。 21．细节理解题。根据文章“Accessibility”部分中的“The terrain(地形) is rugged with narrow, rocky trails and steep cliffs. Visitors using wheelchairs or having visual disabilities may need assistance. For more information about accessibility in Grand Canyon National Park, see go.nps.gov/1rtxl2. (地形崎岖，有狭窄的岩石小径和陡峭的悬崖。使用轮椅或有视力障碍的访客可能需要帮助。欲了解大峡谷国家公园的更多信息，请访问go.nps.gov/1rtxl2。)”可知，残障人士可以访问go.nps.gov/1rtxl2了解为他们设计的公园设施的详细信息。故选A。 22．推理判断题。根据文章“Park Entrance Fees”部分中的“Admission to the park us $35 per private vehicle; $30 per motorcycle; and $20 per person entering the park through Grand Canyon Railway, park shuttle bus, walking, or riding a bicycle. The pass can be used for seven days and includes both rims. (每辆私家车入园门票35美元；每辆摩托车30元；通过大峡谷铁路、公园班车、步行或骑自行车进入公园每人20美元。该通行证可使用7天，包括两个轮辋。)”可知，每辆私家车入园门票35美元，且通行证可使用7天。由此可知，如果你和你的父母计划开车去大峡谷国家公园度假6天，那么费用应为35美元。故选C。 23．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Located in northern Arizona, the park covers 277 miles of the Colorado River and nearby uplands. One of the most awesome examples of erosion (侵蚀) in the world, Grand Canyon is unmatched in the incomparable view it offers to visitors. (该公园位于亚利桑那州北部，覆盖了277英里的科罗拉多河和附近的高地。大峡谷是世界上最令人敬畏的侵蚀范例之一，它为游客提供了无与伦比的景色。)”可知，大峡谷的风景是世界上最令人叹为观止的风景之一。故选D。 B I was born missing my left arm. In 1986, at 18 months, I was fitted with a prosthetic (义肢) device, a decision made by my parents and doctors so that I would develop “normally”. I spent my entire childhood and adolescence trying to fit in. I did just about anything to ease the pains of the stares and pointing fingers from my classmates. By the time I was 8, I had no self-confidence, and the hand I was wearing was making it harder for me to fit in. So I decided I was better off without one. I didn’t need anyone to fix me. To prove that I wasn’t limited by my disability, I developed a love for all sports, in particular swimming. I was selected to my first Australian women’s swimming team at age 13 and successfully represented my country for eight years. I realized I’d made a name for myself because of my disability. I taught myself how to be comfortable in a society filled with insecurities. So when I was first contacted in 2021 by Covvi, a company trying to create the world’s most advanced bionic (仿生的) hand, I was a bit surprised. They asked me to trial the hand and, if possible, to become a patient advocate. Initially, I said no. Then, curiosity got the better of me. While I was busy advocating for disability rights, a new generation of leaders, like Amy Purdy and Nick Vujicic, used the power of technology and social media to display wheelchairs or artificial limbs without explanation. People feared disability less. Society was beginning to see a person first, and their disability second. Viewing disability through a social lens also meant acknowledging that a person is more disabled by their environment and the discrimination of others than by their actual disability. As those conversations shifted, I realized that there was an opportunity to use technology to steer the narrative for future generations. In July 2022, I decided to trial the hand. The role of patient advocate is an enormous privilege. Through sharing my journey, I’m able to reach thousands of other people who would benefit from its extraordinary capabilities. That’s why I wear a bionic hand—not because I’m broken, but because I have an opportunity to enhance the human capabilities that already exist. 24．The author developed a love for all sports because ________. A．she was longing for fame B．sports gave her self-confidence C．she wanted to defeat her disability D．her prosthetic device empowered her 25．From Purdy and Vujicic, the author learned ________. A．more people acknowledged their limits B．the disabled needed a friendlier environment C．social media allowed the disabled opportunities D．technology shifted people’s attitudes to disability 26．Which of the following words can best describe the author? A．Intelligent and brave. B．Warm-hearted and patient. C．Responsible and strong-willed. D．Independent and innovative. 27．From the passage, we learn that one should ________. A．maximize one’s abilities by embracing reality B．build one’s social circle with optimism C．stick to one’s goal to achieve success D．take it easy in difficult situations 【答案】24．C 25．D 26．C 27．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者从小身患残疾，失去左臂，但是并不气馁，参加运动证明自己并不受到残疾的限制并帮助他人的故事。 24．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“To prove that I wasn’t limited by my disability, I developed a love for all sports, in particular swimming. (为了证明我没有受到残疾的限制，我开始热爱所有的运动，尤其是游泳。)”可知，作者爱上了所有的运动，因为她想战胜自己的残疾。故选C。 25．推理判断题。根据文章第五段“like Amy Purdy and Nick Vujicic, used the power of technology and social media to display wheelchairs or artificial limbs without explanation. People feared disability less. Society was beginning to see a person first, and their disability second.(比如艾米·珀迪（Amy Purdy）和尼克·胡哲（Nick Vujicic），他们利用科技和社交媒体的力量，不加解释地展示了轮椅或假肢。人们不再那么害怕残疾。社会开始把一个人放在第一位，把他的残疾放在第二位。)”可知，人们不再那么害怕残疾。社会开始把一个人放在第一位，把他的残疾放在第二位，即科技改变了人们对残疾的态度。故选D。 26．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“To prove that I wasn’t limited by my disability, I developed a love for all sports, in particular swimming. (为了证明我没有受到残疾的限制，我开始热爱所有的运动，尤其是游泳。)”可知，作者意志坚定；根据文章最后一段“Through sharing my journey, I’m able to reach thousands of other people who would benefit from its extraordinary capabilities. That’s why I wear a bionic hand—not because I’m broken, but because I have an opportunity to enhance the human capabilities that already exist.(通过分享我的历程，我能够接触到成千上万的其他人，他们将从它的非凡能力中受益)”可知，作者分享自己的历程是想帮助他人，让他人从中受益，作者是一名有责任心的人。故选C。 27．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Through sharing my journey, I’m able to reach thousands of other people who would benefit from its extraordinary capabilities. That’s why I wear a bionic hand—not because I’m broken, but because I have an opportunity to enhance the human capabilities that already exist.(通过分享我的历程，我能够接触到成千上万的其他人，他们将从它的非凡能力中受益。这就是我戴仿生手的原因不是因为我坏了，而是因为我有机会增强人类已有的能力。)”可知，作者戴仿生手的原因是为了增强人类已有的能力，即我们应该拥抱现实，最大限度地发挥自己的能力。故选A。 C broccoli When served cauliflower or broccoli, some kids turn away in annoyance. Don’t blame them—a new study suggests specific enzymes (酶) in saliva (唾液) might make these vegetables taste terrible to some children. These enzymes, called cysteine lyases, are produced by bacteria in the mouth. The same enzymes are also locked away in the cells of Brassica vegetables like broccoli and cauliflower. When we chew broccoli, these enzymes spill out of their storage containers while those in our mouth start to work. These enzymes break down a compound (化合物) called S-methyl-L-cysteine sulfoxide (SMCSO) in these vegetables, and this breakdown process transforms the compound into sharp smell molecules (分子). Previous studies of adults suggest the level of cysteine lyase activity in a person’s saliva determines how much the SMCSO breaks down. This, in turn, influences how these vegetables taste to adults. According to these past studies, when different adults consume broccoli, there can be a huge difference in how many unpleasant smells the food lets off as their saliva-borne enzymes break it to bits. But the authors wondered whether the same difference can be seen in kids, who are usually more sensitive to bitter and sour tastes. They suspected that kids whose saliva produced the most smelly, SMCSO-sourced compounds would show the strongest dislike for broccoli.      And the team’s new study proved their assumption. While both adults’ and kids’ saliva produced smelly compounds when exposed to cauliflower, these smells did not influence whether adults liked the vegetable. On the other hand, kids whose saliva produced high concentrations of these smells reported hating cauliflower the most. The new study included 98 pairs of parents and children aged 6 to 8. After taking samples of each participant’s saliva, the scientists mixed it into raw cauliflower powder. They measured the SMCSO-sourced smell compounds let off and found each participant’s saliva generated a different quantity of smells.   Interestingly, the degree of sickly smell production was similar between parents’ saliva and their children’s. This indicates that parents and kids likely carry similar bacteria in their mouths, which would cause them to produce similar levels of cysteine lyases. Our senses of taste and smell are strongest in youth, which may make kids even more sensitive to these differences in flavor. The same preference pattern is not seen in adults, who also produce plenty of bad smells. This suggests that the adults came to tolerate the taste of Brassica vegetables. The findings agree with past studies of how our tastes change over time: we can learn to overcome our distaste for certain food by eating it more. 28．What are the first two paragraphs mainly about? A．The function of mouth bacteria. B．The cause of an unpleasant flavor. C．The feature of Brassica vegetables. D．The form of enzymes in our mouth. 29．What do previous studies indicate? A．SMCSO-breakdown depends on various enzymes. B．Enzymes determine the taste of Brassica vegetables. C．Individuals release varying amounts of smell molecules. D．Kids producing the most smells hate broccoli particularly. 30．What can we conclude from the passage? A．We might accept some foods through repeated exposure. B．The level of smells may affect an adult’s taste preference. C．Parents’ and their kids’ saliva-borne enzymes don’t match. D．Kids’ saliva could produce higher concentrations of smells. 31．Why does the author write the passage? A．To explain a food preference. B．To introduce a research method. C．To illustrate a biological process. D．To show the discovery of an enzyme. 【答案】28．B 29．B 30．A 31．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们之所以在吃到西兰花的时候觉得难吃是因为口腔唾液中的一种特定的酶。 28．主旨大意题。根据第一、第二段“When served cauliflower or broccoli, some kids turn away in annoyance. Don’t blame them—a new study suggests specific enzymes(酶) in saliva(唾液) might make these vegetables taste terrible to some children. These enzymes, called cysteine lyases, are produced by bacteria in the mouth.(当端上花椰菜或西兰花时，一些孩子会厌烦地转身离开。不要责怪他们，一项新的研究表明，唾液中的特定酶可能会让一些孩子觉得这些蔬菜很难吃。这些酶被称为半胱氨酸裂解酶，是由口腔中的细菌产生的。)”可知，这两段主要解释了为什么吃西兰花的时候会觉得难吃，也就是解释了难闻的味道的起因。故选B。 29．细节理解题。根据第四段“These enzymes break down a compound(化合物) called S-methyl-L-cysteine sulfoxide (SMCSO) in these vegetables, and this breakdown process transforms the compound into sharp smell molecules(分子). Previous studies of adults suggest the level of cysteine lyase activity in a person’s saliva determines how much the SMCSO breaks down. This, in turn, influences how these vegetables taste to adults.(这些酶在这些蔬菜中分解一种叫做SMCSO的化合物，这个分解过程将这种化合物转化为有强烈气味的分子。先前对成年人的研究表明，人唾液中半胱氨酸裂解酶的活性水平决定了SMCSO的分解程度。这反过来又影响了这些蔬菜对成年人而言尝起来的味道。)”可知，这些酶决定了西兰花的味道。故选B。 30．细节理解题。根据最后一段“The findings agree with past studies of how our tastes change over time: we can learn to overcome our distaste for certain food by eating it more(这些发现与过去关于我们的口味如何随时间变化的研究一致：我们可以通过多吃来克服对某种食物的厌恶。)”可知，通过不断地接触，我们可以接受某种不太喜欢的事物。故选A。 31．推理判断题。根据第一段“When served cauliflower or broccoli, some kids turn away in annoyance. Don’t blame them—a new study suggests specific enzymes(酶) in saliva(唾液) might make these vegetables taste terrible to some children. (当端上花椰菜或西兰花时，一些孩子会厌烦地转身离开。不要责怪他们，一项新的研究表明，唾液中的特定酶可能会让一些孩子觉得这些蔬菜很难吃。)”可推断，作者写这篇文章主要介绍了一个新的研究发现。故选D。 D Last fall, I happened to overhear a student telling the others he had decided not to sign up for an introductory philosophy (哲学) course. The demands of his major, be said seriously, meant he needed to take “practical” courses, and “enlightenment” would simply have to wait. For now, employability was the most important. The students’ conversation fits into a larger alarming word about the role of the humanities in higher education. In a time of dizzying technological achievement and of rapid scientific innovation, sceptics of the humanities may question the usefulness of studying Aristotle, the Italian Renaissance (文艺复兴) or Chinese fiction. Actually, I regret not interrupting that student to argue for taking that introductory philosophy course. I would have started by reminding him that, for much of America’s history, college graduates were not considered truly educated unless they had mastered philosophy, literature, political theory and history. The key role of higher education was to invite students into the conversations about matters like what it means to be alive and the definition of justice. Fostering (鼓励) engagement with these subjects is still an essential part of the university’s function in society. I would have also mentioned to the student that he was misinformed about the job market. It is true that many employers are looking for graduates with specialized technical skills, but they also look for other capabilities. As the world is transformed by artificial intelligence, machine learning and automation, the unique human qualities of creativity, imagination and moral reasoning will be the ultimate coin of the realm. All these skills are developed in humanities courses. Further, I would have argued that while a degree anchored in the sciences is an important precondition for many jobs, it is not the only route. Look no further than the founders of companies such as LinkedIn, Slack and Flickr, who are among the many tech businesspersons with degrees in the humanities, and who credit that training for their success. Far from the widely held belief that humanities majors have a hard time getting jobs, recent studies show that those with humanities degrees are successful in the workplace, experiencing low rates of unemployment and reporting high levels of job satisfaction. The ratio between average median (中位数) incomes for humanities degree holders and those with business, engineering, and health and medical sciences degrees has been shown to narrow over the course of a career. The case for the humanities can also be understood in less transactional (事务性的) terms and more as a foundational preparation for a life well lived. A humanities education plays a vital role in encouraging citizens to lead an examined life. It fosters critical thinking, self-reflection, empathy and tolerance, the usefulness of which only becomes more apparent as one navigates life’s challenges. By all means, students should take courses they think practical and follow their interests, but if they also make a point of studying the literature of the Renaissance, or researching into modern poetry, or even taking introductory philosophy, we will all benefit. 32．What do the students’ conversation show? A．Students feel employment difficult. B．Students think philosophy less important. C．Students find scientific innovation amazing. D．Students consider university courses unsatisfying. 33．What does the underlined part in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Equally applied. B．Highly valued. C．Strictly assessed. D．Greatly improved. 34．The author may agree that humanities___________. A．provide great insights into life B．prepare students for graduation C．discover students’ artistic ability D．raise awareness of social celebrity 【答案】32．B 33．B 34．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了人文学科在高等教育中的重要性，提出文科教育不仅对个人成长有利，也对社会发展不可或缺。 32．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Last fall, I happened to overhear a student telling the others he had decided not to sign up for an introductory philosophy(哲学)course. The demands of his major, be said seriously, meant he needed to take “practical” courses, and “enlightenment” would simply have to wait. For now, employability was the most important.(去年秋天，我无意中听到一个学生告诉其他人，他决定不报哲学导论课程。他严肃地说，专业的要求意味着他需要学习“实用”课程，而“启蒙”只能等一等。目前，就业能力是最重要的。)”可推测，学生认为哲学并没有其他课程重要。故选B。 33．词句猜测题。根据划线短语上文“It is true that many employers are looking for graduates with specialized technical skills, but they also look for other capabilities. (的确，许多雇主都在寻找具有专业技术技能的毕业生，但他们也在寻找其他能力。)”可知，雇主也在寻找其他能力。而根据划线短语主句“As the world is transformed by artificial intelligence, machine learning and automation,(随着世界被人工智能、机器学习和自动化所改变，)”可知，人工智能、机器学习和自动化将改变世界，由此可推测，人类独特的创造力、想象力和道德推理能力会显得“尤为重要、有价值”。选项B“Highly valued.(高度重视)”与划线短语相似。故选B。 34．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The key role of higher education was to invite students into the conversations about matters like what it means to be alive and the definition of justice. Fostering(鼓励)engagement with these subjects is still an essential part of the university’s function in society.(高等教育的关键作用是邀请学生参与对话，讨论生命的意义和正义的定义。促进对这些学科的参与仍然是大学社会职能的重要组成部分。)”根据第五段“Look no further than the founders of companies such as LinkedIn, Slack and Flickr, who are among the many tech businesspersons with degrees in the humanities, and who credit that training for their success.”（看看LinkedIn、Slack和Flickr等公司的创始人就知道了，他们是众多拥有人文学科学位的科技商业人士之一，他们把自己的成功归功于人文学科的培训。）可知，作者认为人文学科能够提供对生活深刻的见解。故选A。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有项为多余选项。 Tornadoes Tornadoes are essentially funnels of air rotating as fast as 300 miles per hour. Of course, not all tornadoes are so dangerous. 35 Such small tornadoes occur in many places around the world, even in southern Taiwan, where several are usually reported every spring. It is, however, the big tornadoes that receive the most attention. 36 There can be flocks of dead birds dropping out of the sky, chickens still alive but with all of their feathers gone, pieces of straw stuck in trees. In a 1999 US storm, violent winds from one tornado lifted a church into the air and dropped it onto a house. In the same storm, a baby was whipped from its mother’s arms and, miraculously, found alive in a nearby tree. 37 Although scientists now know a great deal about tornadoes, they still cannot determine exactly when and where one will form. In addition, the path of a tornado can also be impossible to predict. It is unlikely to move in a straight line, and will often turn quickly. A tornado might blow down a line of houses, then suddenly lift up and leave one home unhurt, then touch back down and destroy the rest of the line. To better understand tornadoes, scientists have developed special heavy-duty vehicles and weather-monitoring equipment that allow them to make close-up observations of these dangerous storms. Radar equipment is put on trucks and driven near a tornado, where it records wind speeds and other weather data. 38 In addition, better communication and warning systems are also helping to reduce deaths and injuries in many tornado-prone areas. Radio and television warnings as well as sirens help to alert people to potential danger. Public awareness is also important. When tornadoes do occur, people must act quickly. They should move immediately to a safe place such as a basement or under a strong stairway and cover themselves with blankets or heavy coats. 39 A．Either big storms or small ones can form quickly causing damage to some degree. B．These bring not only death and destruction, but also stories of strange phenomena. C．Many more are small storms that form quickly and disappear, causing little or no damage. D．A tornado can arrive so unexpectedly that a matter of seconds can mean the difference between life and death. E．Driving the radar hundreds of miles to chase down a tornado is a best job that can be quite dangerous. F．What makes tornadoes so dangerous is not just their great power but also their unpredictable nature. G．Scientists often have to drive the radar hundreds of miles to chase down a tornado — a job that can be quite dangerous! 【答案】35．C 36．B 37．F 38．G 39．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了龙卷风的形成及其特点等相关信息。 35．根据下文“Such small tornadoes occur in many places around the world, even in southern Taiwan, where several are usually reported every spring.(这种小型龙卷风在世界上许多地方都有发生，甚至在台湾南部，每年春天都会有几个龙卷风)”可知，此处应该提到了一些小型龙卷风。由此可知，C. Many more are small storms that form quickly and disappear, causing little or no damage.(更多的是迅速形成并消失的小风暴，造成很少或没有损害)能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选C。 36．根据上文“It is, however, the big tornadoes that receive the most attention.(然而，最受关注的是大型龙卷风)”及下文“There can be flocks of dead birds dropping out of the sky, chickens still alive but with all of their feathers gone, pieces of straw stuck in trees.(可能会有成群的死鸟从天上掉下来，鸡还活着，但羽毛都掉光了，稻草片卡在树上)”和常识可知，大型龙卷风会造成死亡和破坏，从而备受关注，还会造成一些奇怪的现象。由此可知，B. These bring not only death and destruction, but also stories of strange phenomena.(这些不仅带来了死亡和破坏，还带来了奇怪现象的故事)能够承上启下，符合语境，下文“成群的死鸟从天上掉下来，鸡还活着，但羽毛都掉光了，稻草片卡在树上”就是一些奇怪的现象。故选B。 37．根据下文“Although scientists now know a great deal about tornadoes, they still cannot determine exactly when and where one will form. In addition, the path of a tornado can also be impossible to predict.(尽管科学家们现在对龙卷风了解很多，但他们仍然不能确定龙卷风形成的确切时间和地点。此外，龙卷风的路径也可能无法预测)”可知，人们仍然不能确定龙卷风形成的确切时间和地点，龙卷风的路径也可能无法预测，所以龙卷风的到来是出人意料的。由此可知，F. What makes tornadoes so dangerous is not just their great power but also their unpredictable nature.(龙卷风之所以如此危险，不仅是因为它的威力巨大，还因为它的不可预测性)能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选F。 38．根据上文“To better understand tornadoes, scientists have developed special heavy-duty vehicles and weather-monitoring equipment that allow them to make close-up observations of these dangerous storms. Radar equipment is put on trucks and driven near a tornado, where it records wind speeds and other weather data. (为了更好地了解龙卷风，科学家们开发了特殊的重型车辆和天气监测设备，使他们能够近距离观察这些危险的风暴。雷达设备装在卡车上，在龙卷风附近行驶，在那里记录风速和其他天气数据)”可知，科学家们驾驶带有雷达设备的卡车，追踪龙卷风、记录数据。由此可知，G. Scientists often have to drive the radar hundreds of miles to chase down a tornado — a job that can be quite dangerous!(科学家们经常不得不驾驶雷达数百英里去追踪龙卷风——这是一项相当危险的工作！)能够衔接上文，符合语境。故选G。 39．根据上文“In addition, better communication and warning systems are also helping to reduce deaths and injuries in many tornado-prone areas. Radio and television warnings as well as sirens help to alert people to potential danger. Public awareness is also important. When tornadoes do occur, people must act quickly. They should move immediately to a safe place such as a basement or under a strong stairway and cover themselves with blankets or heavy coats.(此外，更好的通信和预警系统也有助于减少许多龙卷风易发地区的伤亡。广播和电视警报以及警笛有助于提醒人们注意潜在的危险。公众意识也很重要。当龙卷风发生时，人们必须迅速采取行动。他们应该立即转移到安全的地方，如地下室或坚固的楼梯下，并用毯子或厚外套盖住自己)”可知，上文讲到了对龙卷风预防和防范；由此推知，此处是对上文采取措施的原因陈述，也是对全文的总结。由此可知，A tornado can arrive so unexpectedly that a matter of seconds can mean the difference between life and death.(龙卷风的到来非常出人意料，几秒钟的时间就意味着生与死的差别)能够衔接上文，符合语境。故选D。 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，共32分） 第一节 阅读表达（共4小题，第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。 In life, once on a path, we tend to follow it, for better or worse. What’s sad is that even if it’s the latter, we often follow a certain path anyway because we are so used to the way things are that we don’t even recognize that they could be different. Psychologists call this phenomenon functional fixedness. This classic experiment will give you an idea of how it works — and a sense of whether you may have fallen into the same trap: People are given a box of tacks (大头钉) and some matches and asked to find a way to attach a candle to a wall so that it burns properly. Typically, the subjects try tacking the candle to the wall or lighting it to fix it with melted wax (石蜡). The tacks are too short, and the candle doesn’t fasten to the wall. So how can you accomplish the task? The successful technique is to use the tack box as a candle holder. You empty it, tack it to the wall, and stand the candle inside it. To think of that, you have to look beyond the box’s usual role as a container just for tacks and reimagine it serving an entirely new purpose. That is difficult because we all suffer — to one degree or another — from functional fixedness. The inability to think in new ways affects people in every corner of society. The political theorist Hannah Arend coined the phrase frozen thoughts to describe deeply held ideas that we no longer question but should. In Arendt’s eyes, the complacent reliance on such accepted “truths” also made people blind to ideas that didn’t fit their worldview, even when there was ample evidence for them. Frozen thinking has nothing to do with intelligence, she said, “It can be found in highly intelligent people.” Another context in which frozen thinking can turn truly dangerous is medicine. If you land in the hospital, it’s natural to want to be treated by the most experienced physicians on staff. But according to a 2014 study in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), you’d be better off being treated by the relative novices. 40．What does “functional fixedness” mean? 41．How is the candle attached to the wall? 42．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ▶Frozen thinking is common among ordinary people but less found in those with high IQ. 43．How can you avoid frozen thoughts in your daily life? (In about 40 words) 【答案】40．It means we are used to the way things are that we don’t even recognize that they could be different. 41．The successful technique is to place it into the emptied tack box that is fastened to the wall. 42．Frozen thinking is common among ordinary people but less found in those with high IQ. Because Frozen thinking has nothing to do with intelligence. 43．There are two ways to avoid frozen thoughts. Firstly, I can talk to people who disagree with me, which is good for my brain. What’s more, I always think outside the box, which can broaden my thinking in countless ways. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。作者介绍了一种心理学家称之为功能固着的现象。 40．考查细节理解。根据第一段的“What’s sad is that even if it’s the latter, we often follow a certain path anyway because we are used to the way things are that we don’t even recognize that they could be different. Psychologists call this phenomenon functional fixedness.(可悲的是，即使是后者，我们通常还是会走一条特定的道路，因为我们已经习惯了事物本来的样子，甚至没有意识到它们可能是不同的。心理学家称这种现象为功能性固着)”可知，功能固着指的习惯了事物本来的样子，甚至没有意识到它们可能是不同的。故答案为It means we are used to the way things are that we don’t even recognize that they could be different. 41．考查细节理解。根据第三段的“The successful technique is to use the tack box as a candle holder. You empty it, tack it to the wall, and stand the candle inside it.(成功的方法是把大头钉盒当作烛台。你把它倒空，钉在墙上，把蜡烛放在里面)”可知，成功的方法是把大头钉盒当作烛台，钉在墙上，把蜡烛放在里面。故答案为The successful technique is to place it into the emptied tack box that is fastened to the wall. 42．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段的“Frozen thinking has nothing to do with intelligence, she said, “It can be found in highly intelligent people.”(她说，思维僵化与智力无关，“它可以在高智商的人身上找到。”)”可知，“Frozen thinking is common among ordinary people but less found in those with high IQ.”的错误之处是“less found in those with high IQ”，因为思维僵化与智力无关，也可以在高智商的人身上找到。故答案为Frozen thinking is common among ordinary people but less found in those with high IQ. Because Frozen thinking has nothing to do with intelligence. 43．开放性问题，答案不唯一，言之有理即可。题干意为“你如何避免日常生活中的思维僵化？”，结合文章内容，答案符合逻辑即可，注意词数限制。参考答案为：There are two ways to avoid frozen thoughts. Firstly, I can talk to people who disagree with me, which is good for my brain. What’s more, I always think outside the box, which can broaden my thinking in countless ways. 第二节: 书面表达（共一题，20分) 假设你是红星中学的高二学生李华，你的英国笔友 David计划11月来北京旅行，请你推荐适合他游玩的公园。请给他回一封邮件。内容包括： 1. 推荐一个公园； 2. 推荐理由； 3. 游览建议。 注意： (1)词数 100 左右(开头和结尾均已给出，不计入总词数)； (2)可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear David, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear David, I’m very glad to hear that you’re planning to visit Beijing in November. As your friend, I’d like to recommend a park that you can’t miss - the Summer Palace. The Summer Palace is one of the most famous imperial gardens in China and a World Heritage Site. It has a long history and beautiful scenery. When you visit the park, I suggest you start from the East Gate, where you can visit the Marble Boat, the Long Corridor, and the Hall of Benevolence and Longevity. Then, you can walk along the lake to the South Lake Island, where you can enjoy the beautiful scenery of the lake and the surrounding mountains. I hope my recommendations can help you. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的推荐信。要求考生给英国笔友 David写封邮件，就其即将来北京旅行，推荐适合的公园。 【详解】1.词汇积累 想要：would like to → want to 著名的：famous→ well-known 建议：suggest → advise 希望：hope→expect 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：The Summer Palace is one of the most famous imperial gardens in China and a World Heritage Site. It has a long history and beautiful scenery. 拓展句：The Summer Palace, which has a long history and beautiful scenery, is one of the most famous imperial gardens in China and a World Heritage Site. 【点睛】【高分句型1】When you visit the park, I suggest you start from the East Gate, where you can visit the Marble Boat, the Long Corridor, and the Hall of Benevolence and Longevity.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句和where引导的定语从句） 【高分句型2】Then, you can walk along the lake to the South Lake Island, where you can enjoy the beautiful scenery of the lake and the surrounding mountains.（运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句） 试卷第6页，共7页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年高二上学期期中模拟卷 英语·参考答案 第一部分 知识运用(共两节，30 分) 第一节 (共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分) 1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．D 8．D 9．B 10．B 第二节(共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分) 11． has been celebrated 12．getting 13．Decides 14．whether 15．supporting 16．worse 17．mentally 18．To make 19．on 20．Which 第二部分 阅读理解( 共两节, 38 分) 第一节(共 14 小题；每小题 2 分，共 28 分) 21． A 22．C 23．D 24． C 25．D 26．C 27．A 28． B 29．B 30．A 31．D 32． B 33．B 34．A 第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分) 35． C 36．B 37．F 38．G 39．D 第三部分 书面表达(共两节， 32 分) 第一节 (共 4 小题； 第 40、41 题各 2 分， 第 42 题 3 分， 第 43 题 5 分， 共 12 分) 40．It means we are used to the way things are that we don’t even recognize that they could be different. 41．The successful technique is to place it into the emptied tack box that is fastened to the wall. 42．Frozen thinking is common among ordinary people but less found in those with high IQ. Because Frozen thinking has nothing to do with intelligence. 43．There are two ways to avoid frozen thoughts. Firstly, I can talk to people who disagree with me, which is good for my brain. What’s more, I always think outside the box, which can broaden my thinking in countless ways. 第二节(20 分) 【答案】Dear David, I’m very glad to hear that you’re planning to visit Beijing in November. As your friend, I’d like to recommend a park that you can’t miss - the Summer Palace. The Summer Palace is one of the most famous imperial gardens in China and a World Heritage Site. It has a long history and beautiful scenery. When you visit the park, I suggest you start from the East Gate, where you can visit the Marble Boat, the Long Corridor, and the Hall of Benevolence and Longevity. Then, you can walk along the lake to the South Lake Island, where you can enjoy the beautiful scenery of the lake and the surrounding mountains. I hope my recommendations can help you. Yours, Li Hua 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$2024-2025学年高二上学期期中模拟卷（北京专用) 英语·答题卡 姓名： 考 准考证号 标 条码粘贴处 口 准考证号 注意事项 0 0 1,答题前， 考生先将自己的姓名、准考正号码填写清 1 楚。 2.请将准考证条码粘贴在右低的条码粘贴处的方框 2 3 3 3.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂：非选题必须用0.5 4 4 毫米黑色字迹的签字笔填写，字体工整， 4.请按题号颜序在各题的答题区内作答，超出范围的 5 答案无效，在草纸，试卷上作答无效。 6 6 5.保尉特卡面清洁。不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准 7 7 使用涂改液、刮纸刀。 8 8 6.填涂样例正确■错误【-[1【灯 9 9 999999 第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）》 第-节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分） 1[A][B][C][D] 6.[A][B][C][D] 2[A][B][C][D] 7[A][B][C][D] 3[A][B][C][D] 8.[AI[B][C][D] 4[A][BJ[C][D] 9[A][B][C][D] 5.[A][B][C][D] 10[A][B][C][D] 第二节供10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分) 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分） 21[A][B][CJ[D]26[A][B][C][D]31.[A][B][CJ[D] 35.[A][B][C][D][E][E[G] 22[A][B][C][D] 27.[AJ[B][C][DJ 32[A][B]IC][D] 36.[AJ[B][C][D][EJ[F][G] 23.[A][B][C][D]28.[A][B][C][D] 33[A][B][C][D]37.IA][B][C][D][E][F][G] 24[A][B][C][D]29[A][B][C][D]34[AJ[B][C][D] 38[A][B][C][D][E][E][G] 25.[A][B][C][D]30[A][B][C][D] 39.[A][B][C][D][E][F[G] 请在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效！ 第1页共2页 第三部分书面表达（共辆节，32分） 第-节（满粉12分） 40. (2分) 41 (2分) 42 (3分) (5分) 第二节（满分20分） Dear David. Yours. LiHua 请在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效： 第2页共2页2024-2025学年高二上学期期中模拟卷（北京专用) 英语·答题卡 姓名： 准考证号 记 条码粘贴处 准考证号 注意事项 0 0 0 1,答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清 2 2,请将准考证条码粘贴在右侧的[条码粘贴处]的方框 内。 3,选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂：非选择题必须用0.5 毫米黑色字迹的签字笔填写，字体工整。 4,请按题号顺序在各题的答题区内作答，超出范围的 答案无效，在草纸、试卷上作答无效。 6 6 6 6 5,保持卡面清洁，不要折叠。不要弄被、弄皱，不准 > 使用涂改液、刮纸刀。 6. 慎涂样例正确■)错误-Ⅱ1「×] 第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分） 第-节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分） 1.A][B]IC][D] 6A][B][C][D] 2.A][B]IC][D] 7[AJ[B][C][D] 3.[A][B][C][D] 8[A][B][C][D] 4.A][B][C1[D] 9.A][B][C][D] 5.[A][B][C][D] 10.fA][B][C1[D] 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 12. 13. 14 15. 17 18 19. 20. 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分） 21.[A][BJ[C][D] 26.[A][B][C][D]31.A][B][C][D] 35.A][B][C][D[EJ[F][G] 22.[A][B][C1[D] 27.A][B][C][D] 32.[AJ[B][C][D] 36.[A][B][C][D][E][F][G] 23.[A][B][C][D] 28.AJ[B][C][D]33.AJ[B][C][D] 37.A1[B][C][D[E1[F][G] 24.[A1[B][C][D] 29.[A][B1[C1[D] 34.[A1IB][C1ID] 38.A][B][C][D][E1[F][G] 25.[A][B][C][D] 30.A][B][C][D] 39[A][B][C][D][E][FIG] 请在各题日的答题区域内作答，超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效！ 第1页共2页 第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（满分12分） 40. (2分) 41 (2分) 42. (3分) 43 (5分) 第二节（满分20分） Dear David, Yours, LiHua 请在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效！ 第2页共2页