精品解析：河南省南阳市邓州市春雨国文学校2024-2025学年高三上学期9月月考英语试题

高三英语九月月考试卷 (120分钟　150分) 第二部分　阅读(共两节, 满分50分) 第一节(共15小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分) 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A You might find a few good recommendations helpful when it comes to adding to your reading list. South to America by Imani Perry $26.67 In this story, a native Alabaman returns home and looks at her state with fresh eyes, and learns about the stories and experiences of others she meets along the way. By weaving these stories together, Perry has crafted a book that takes you not only below the Mason-Dixon line but also through the country as a whole. The Candy House by Jennifer Egan $25.20 Bix Bouton has a successful company and is desperate for new ideas. After he joins a conversation group, mostly professors from Columbia, one of whom is experimenting with downloading or externalizing memories, he gets his big new idea—Own Your Unconscious. This technology allows you to get every memory you’ve ever had, and to share every memory in exchange: for access to the memories of others. The Paris Apartment by Lucy Foley $26.67 Jess needs a fresh start and turns to her half-brother, Ben, who lives in Paris, for a place to stay. When she arrives at his apartment, however, he’s not there. Although she comes to the city of lights to escape the past that has been disturbing her, she finds herself enter Ben’s future. The It Girl by Ruth Ware $26.67 April was the first person Hannah met at Oxford. Together, they developed a group of devoted and inseparable friends. One day, April was dead and the murderer was arrested. Now, a decade later, Hannah’s world is rocked when a young journalist presents new evidence that the murderer may have been innocent. As Hannah reconnects with old friends and digs deeper into the mystery of April’s death, she realizes that the friends she thought she knew all have something to hide… including a murder. 1. Whose book should you choose if you’re interested in sharing your memories? A. Imani Perry’s. B. Lucy Foley’s. C. Ruth Ware’s. D. Jennifer Egan’s. 2. What can you learn from The Paris Apartment? A. The truth behind a young girl’s murder. B. The simple way to make candy at home. C. How a girl travels to her brother’s future. D. What an Alabaman experiences in her state. 3. Which of the following does The It Girl belong to? A. A love story. B. A crime novel. C. A science fiction. D. A historical novel. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍几本书给读者。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二本书“The Candy House by Jennifer Egan”中的介绍“This technology allows you to get every memory you’ve ever had, and to share every memory in exchange: for access to the memories of others.(这项技术可以让你获取你所有的记忆，分享所有的记忆来交换：来获取他人的记忆)”可知，如果你对分享记忆感兴趣的话，选择Jennifer Egan的书。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三本书“The Paris Apartment”中的最后一句“Although she comes to the city of lights to escape the past that has been disturbing her, she finds herself enter Ben’s future.(尽管她来到这座光之城是为了逃避一直困扰着她的过去，但是她发现自己进入了本的未来)”可知，这本书主要讲述一个女孩如何穿越到她哥哥（弟弟）的未来。故选C。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一本书“The It Girl”中描述“One day, April was dead and the murderer was arrested. Now, a decade later, Hannah’s world is rocked when a young journalist presents new evidence that the murderer may have been innocent.As Hannah reconnects with old friends and digs deeper into the mystery of April’s death, she realizes that the friends she thought she knew all have something to hide… including a murder(一天，April 死了，并且凶手也被捕了。现在，十年后，当一个年轻的新闻记者提出新的证据表明凶手可能是无辜的时候，Hannah的世界动摇了。Hannah重新联系老朋友并深入调查April的死亡之谜，她发现她以为她认识的朋友都有所隐瞒……包括凶手)”可知，“The It Girl”这本书是一本犯罪小说。故选B。 B Darcie Hayward will have her five-year-old Alaskan Malamute, Sora, put paws on the pavement every day of the next month to raise funds for Guide Dogs Australia’s PAWGUST campaign. The initiative, which encourages Australians to walk their dogs for 30 minutes a day for 30 days, is a cause close to the 29-year-old’s heart. Her younger blind brother Lachie, 27, was recently matched with a guide dog of his own, black Labrador Eddie in May after 18 months of tests and compatibility(相容)training. “Since Eddie arrived, Lachie has been able to walk around without his cane(手杖), feeling like he is just walking his dog, ” said Darcie, who lives in Langwarrin, Victoria. “They are best friends. ” Seeing the difference a guide dog made to her brother, Darcie was overjoyed to be raising funds, so other Australians could one day have their own companion dogs, like Lachie. “Many people see a guide dog and go, not realizing how much it takes to raise a guide dog puppy so I want to raise some awareness, ” said Darcie. “It’s amazing to see how Lachie’s life has improved, but there are many people without that companionship. It’s really nice to be able to contribute in any way I can. I shared the experience on our local community web page, mentioning we are raising money for guide dogs. Surprisingly, a couple of strangers donated. ” It seems that Eddie has already been a popular pup with the locals. “There are so many kids who have been asking to pat Eddie that Lachie has to reject them, ” Darcie added with a smile. Excited to be making a positive impact by walking her own dog, Darcie is eager to encourage more people to fetch their leashes(牵狗用的皮带) and tie up their trainers to take action. 4. What is the campaign? A. A charitable event. B. A training course. C. A walking test. D. A community action. 5. What effect did Eddie have on Lachie? A. Slight. B. Positive. C. Potential. D. Undesirable. 6. Why did Darcie share the experience? A. To save more guide dogs. B. To spread Lachie’s story. C. To help more blind people. D. To interact with the neighbors. 7. What does Darcie want people to do? A. Do more walking. B. Raise their own dogs. C. Donate some leashes. D. Get involved in the campaign. 【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是记叙文。Darcie下个月将天天遛狗, 为一个慈善活动筹集善款。此举是为了帮助更多的盲人能有导盲犬的陪伴。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Darcie Hayward will have her five-year-old Alaskan Malamute, Sora, put paws on the pavement every day of the next month to raise funds for Guide Dogs Australia’s PAWGUST campaign.”（下个月，达西•海沃德(Darcie Hayward)将让她5岁的阿拉斯加雪橇犬少拉(Sora)每天在人行道上伸出爪子，为澳大利亚导盲犬组织的 PAwgUST 活动筹集资金。）可知, 这个活动是一个筹集善款的慈善活动。故选A。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段““Since Eddie arrived, Lachie has been able to walk around without his cane(手杖), feeling like he is just walking his dog, ” said Darcie, who lives in Langwarrin, Victoria. “They are best friends. ” Seeing the difference a guide dog made to her brother, Darcie was overjoyed to be raising funds, so other Australians could one day have their own companion dogs, like Lachie.”（居住在维多利亚Langwarrin 的达西说：“自从埃迪来到这里，拉奇就可以不用拐杖走路了，感觉自己就像在遛狗一样。”“他们是最好的朋友。”看到导盲犬给她哥哥带来的影响，达西很高兴能够筹集到资金，这样其他澳大利亚人有一天也能有自己的同伴狗，比如拉奇。）可知, Eddie对Lachie产生了积极影响。故选B。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段倒数第二句“I shared the experience on our local community web page, mentioning we are raising money for guide dogs.”（我在我们当地社区的网页上分享了这个经历，提到我们正在为导盲犬筹集资金。）可知, Darcie分享他的经历是想有更多人能为这个慈善活动进行捐款, 从而能帮助更多的盲人。故选C。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Excited to be making a positive impact by walking her own dog, Darcie is eager to encourage more people to fetch their leashes(牵狗用皮带) and tie up their trainers to take action.”（达西很高兴能通过遛自己的狗产生积极的影响，她渴望鼓励更多的人去牵他们的狗链，系好运动鞋并采取行动。）可知, Darcie想要更多的人参与到这个慈善活动中来, 为帮助盲人贡献自己的力量。故选D。 C Children will become more and more independent and will do what they would like to do. However, as parents, you ought to take care of your own children and have a better understanding of them in the following cases. School work becomes increasingly difficult as children grow up. So this is a time when some kids begin to do better in their school work while others struggle to understand more advanced and more difficult lessons. When they get home, talk with them about their school lessons and find out what they don’t understand. It’s a chance for you to stay close with your children as before and get them to relax. For many families, homework can be a serious struggle. Many school-age kids are reluctant to sit down and study for a spelling test or complete their math homework. It’s natural for them to be bored with their homework, but you have to think of ways to help them form the right habit to finish their homework when they get home. Many kids are busy with sports, music, and after-school activities. Others, however, may prefer to spend too many hours on the screen. It’s important to keep kids active at this age. Friends become a bigger deal for children during this time too. Attending birthday parties or playing with kids on the playground can be good for their development. Bullying (恃强凌弱的行为) can become a problem around this age. It’s important to talk to your child about kindness and respect so he doesn’t become a bully and it’s also quite necessary for you to talk about what he can do if he becomes a target. 8 What would happen with school lessons getting more difficult? A. Children are divided in their school lessons. B. Children have more homework to do at home. C. Parents have more chances to show themselves. D. Parents find it more difficult to teach their children. 9. What does the underlined word “reluctant” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Excited. B. Worried. C. Unwilling. D. Interested. 10. What does the author advise school children to do? A. Spend more hours on the screen. B. Be active both mentally and physically. C. Organize parties at home and school. D. Bully other students at school. 11. Who are the intended readers of this text? A. Students. B. Teachers. C. Parents. D. Office workers. 【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作为父母，我们应该如何更好地帮助孩子解决他们在成长的过程中所遇到的困难。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“School work becomes increasingly difficult as children grow up. So this is a time when some kids begin to do better in their school work while others struggle to understand more advanced and more difficult lessons. (随着孩子们的成长，学校作业变得越来越难。所以这个时候，一些孩子开始在学业上做得更好，而另一些孩子则在努力理解更高级、更难的课程。)”可知，随着学校的作业变得越来越难，学生在学业上也开始分裂了，有的学生会做得更好；而有的孩子则有点吃力。故选A。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线单词下一句“It’s natural for them to be bored with their homework, but you have to think of ways to help them form the right habit to finish their homework when they get home. (他们对家庭作业感到厌倦是很自然的，但是你必须想办法帮助他们形成正确的习惯，当他们回家后完成家庭作业。)”可知，儿童对家庭感到厌倦很正常。由此推断，儿童并不愿意做作业。所以，划线单词和“不愿意”意思相近。选项A“Excited (兴奋的)”；选项B“Worried (担忧的)”；选项C“Unwilling (不乐意)”；选项D“Interested (感兴趣的)”。故选C。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Many kids are busy with sports, music, and after-school activities. Others, however, may prefer to spend too many hours on the screen. It’s important to keep kids active at this age. (许多孩子忙于运动、音乐和课外活动。然而，其他人可能更喜欢花太多时间在屏幕上。让孩子在这个年龄保持活跃是很重要的。)”可知，作者建议学生要在身体上保持活跃；而根据文章第五段“Friends become a bigger deal for children during this time too. Attending birthday parties or playing with kids on the playground can be good for their development. (在这段时间里，朋友对孩子来说也变得更重要了。参加生日聚会或和孩子们在操场上玩对他们的发展有好处。)”以及最后一段“It’s important to talk to your child about kindness and respect so he doesn’t become a bully and it’s also quite necessary for you to talk about what he can do if he becomes a target. (跟你的孩子谈论善良和尊重是很重要的，这样他就不会变成欺负人的人，你也很有必要告诉他，如果他成为欺负人的目标，他能做什么。)”可知，孩子应该在心理上也保持健康。故选B。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Children will become more and more independent and will do what they would like to do. However, as parents, you ought to take care of your own children and have a better understanding of them in the following cases. (孩子们会变得越来越独立，会做他们想做的事情。然而，作为父母，你应该照顾好自己的孩子，并在以下情况下对他们有更好的了解。)”可知，文章是写给父母看的，以帮助父母更好地照顾自己的孩子，帮助孩子。故选C。 D Human responses to moral dilemmas (两难选择) can be influenced by statements written by the artificial intelligence chatbot ChatGPT, according to a study published in Scientific Reports. The findings indicate that users may underestimate the extent to which their own moral judgments can be influenced by the chatbot. Sebastian Krigel and colleagues asked ChatGPT multiple times whether it is right to sacrifice (牺牲) the life of one person in order to save the lives of five others. They found that ChatGPT wrote random statements arguing both for and against sacrificing one life, indicating that it is not biased towards a certain moral stance (立场). The authors then presented 767 U. S. participants, who were on average 39 years old, with a dilemma whether to sacrifice one person’s life to save five others. Before answering, participants read a statement provided by ChatGPT arguing either for or against sacrificing one life to save five. Statements were from either a moral advisor or ChatGPT. After answering, participants were asked whether the statement they read influenced their answers. Eighty percent of participants reported that their answers were not influenced by the statements they read. However, the authors found that the answers participants believed they would have provided without reading the statements were still more likely to agree with the moral stance of the statement they did read than with the opposite stance. This indicates that participants may have underestimated the influence of ChatGPT’s statements on their own moral judgments. The authors suggest that the potential for chatbots to influence human moral judgments highlights the need for education to help humans better understand artificial intelligence. They propose that future research should design chatbots that either decline to answer questions requiring a moral judgment or answer these questions by providing multiple arguments and warnings. 12. What are ChatGPT’s answers to a certain moral stance like according to Paragraph 2? A. Inconsistent. B. Valuable. C. Creative. D. Simple. 13. What is learned about the participants? A. They admitted the power of ChatGPT. B. They were interviewed by a moral advisor. C. They were affected by ChatGPT unknowingly. D. They were presented with different moral dilemmas. 14. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. Different findings of the study. B. Future potentials for chatbots. C. Major focuses of future education. D. Solutions to the impact of chatbots. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. ChatGPT Tends to Cause Moral Panics B. ChatGPT: Is It Likely to Affect Our Life? C ChatGPT:Why Is It Making Us So Nervous? D. ChatGPT Can Influence Human Moral Judgments 【答案】12. A 13. C 14. D 15. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了发表在《科学报告》上的一项研究表明，人类对道德困境的反应可能会受到人工智能聊天机器人ChatGPT所写语句的影响。文章介绍了研究开展的经过以及发现，最后提到了解决聊天机器人影响的方法。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“They found that ChatGPT wrote random statements arguing both for and against sacrificing one life, indicating that it is not biased towards a certain moral stance (立场).(他们发现，ChatGPT随机写出支持或反对牺牲一条生命的陈述，这表明它并不偏向于某种道德立场)”可推知，ChatGPT对某种道德立场的回答不一致。故选A。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“This indicates that participants may have underestimated the influence of ChatGPT’s statements on their own moral judgments.(这表明参与者可能低估了ChatGPT的陈述对他们自己道德判断的影响)”可知，参与者在不知不觉中受到了ChatGPT的影响。故选C。 【14题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“The authors suggest that the potential for chatbots to influence human moral judgments highlights the need for education to help humans better understand artificial intelligence. They propose that future research should design chatbots that either decline to answer questions requiring a moral judgment or answer these questions by providing multiple arguments and warnings.(作者认为，聊天机器人影响人类道德判断的潜力凸显了教育的必要性，以帮助人类更好地理解人工智能。他们提出，未来的研究应该设计出这样的聊天机器人：要么拒绝回答需要道德判断的问题，要么通过提供多种论证和警告来回答这些问题)”可知，最后一段主要讲解决聊天机器人影响人类道德判断力的方法。故选D。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Human responses to moral dilemmas (两难选择) can be influenced by statements written by the artificial intelligence chatbot ChatGPT, according to a study published in Scientific Reports.(发表在《科学报告》上的一项研究表明，人类对道德困境的反应可能会受到人工智能聊天机器人ChatGPT所写言论的影响)”以及倒数第二段“This indicates that participants may have underestimated the influence of ChatGPT’s statements on their own moral judgments.(这表明参与者可能低估了ChatGPT的陈述对他们自己道德判断的影响)”并结合文章介绍了研究开展的经过以及发现，最后提到了解决聊天机器人影响的方法。可知，D选项“ChatGPT可以影响人类的道德判断”最符合文章标题。故选D。 第二节(共5小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分) 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Hanfu is a traditional robe(长袍) of the Han people, which has a history of thousands of years in China. The number of people adopting the ancient style of dress in modern times has. grown significantly these days. The hanfu clothing industry is now worth one billion yuan(US$140.7 million). ___16___ However, it may be too early to call it a “revival”(复兴). ___17___ And it sounds impressive that about 2.2 million people in China wear hanfu. But considering that the clothing retail(零售) industry was worth 1.92 trillion yuan in 2017, one billion yuan is a small number. Similarly, 2.2 million seems a small number considering that China’s population is more than 1.3 billion. Having played a major role in China’s clothing history, hanfu remained popular until the late 1600s. ___18___ After pursuing Western fashion, it’s natural that Chinese people are returning to traditional clothing in search of their cultural identity. But what is the obstacle of hanfu’s revival, despite people’s love for it? ___19___ The hanfu trend appeared five years ago, so the industry is quite young. And many tailors are still learning how best to make hanfu from historical TV dramas and so on. But most of these historical dramas are fictional, as are many of the clothes the characters wear. Short-video and live-streaming apps are the other sources that promote the hanfu culture. But most of these live streamers have their own shops. ___20___ To fulfill their selfish interests, those behind the short videos and live-streaming blame one another instead of working together to revive the hanfu culture. If these live-streamers really want to develop the hanfu culture, they should change their attitude and work together for the betterment of the hanfu industry. A. One billion yuan is a huge figure. B. The lack of a standard seems to be the main problem. C. The popularity of hanfu reflects the diversity of Chinese culture. D This means they promote hanfu culture to increase their own profits. E. Even the traditional Korean and Japanese costumes originated from it. F. This has prompted many to say it symbolizes the revival of Han or hanfu culture. G. It is natural for Chinese people to show their love for traditional culture by wearing hanfu. 【答案】16. F 17. A 18. E 19. B 20. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如今中国的汉服文化很流行，汉服产业现在价值10亿元。指出汉服在中国服装史上扮演了重要角色，以及如今汉服复兴所遇到的一些障碍。 【16题详解】 根据上文The hanfu clothing industry is now worth one billion yuan(US$140.7 million).可知汉服产业现在价值10亿元（1.407亿美元）。以及后文However, it may be too early to call it a “revival”(复兴).可知然而，现在称其为“复兴”可能还为时过早。由此可知，汉服产业的价值巨大促使许多人说这象征着汉服文化的复兴，后文则指出现在说“复兴”为之过早。后文中revival可对应到F选项中revival。故F选项“这促使许多人说它象征着汉服文化的复兴”符合语境，故选F。 【17题详解】 根据后文And it sounds impressive that about 2.2 million people in China wear hanfu. But considering that the clothing retail(零售) industry was worth 1.92 trillion yuan in 2017, one billion yuan is a small number. Similarly, 2.2 million seems a small number considering that China’s population is more than 1.3 billion.可知中国大约有220万人穿汉服，这听起来让人印象深刻。但考虑到2017年服装零售行业价值1.92万亿元，10亿元只是一个小数目。同样，考虑到中国的人口超过13亿，220万似乎是个小数目。由此可知，第一段中提到的汉服产业现在价值10亿元是一个巨大的数字，但是考虑到2017年服装零售行业价值1.92万亿元，10亿元只是一个小数目。故A选项“10亿元是一个巨大的数字”符合语境，故选A。 【18题详解】 根据上文Having played a major role in China’s clothing history, hanfu remained popular until the late 1600s.可知汉服在中国服装史上扮演了重要角色，直到17世纪末期汉服仍然很流行。由此可知，本句是在说明汉服在中国服装历史中扮演的重要角色，以及对其他国家传统服饰的影响，甚至连韩国和日本的传统服饰都起源于汉服。故E选项“甚至连韩国和日本的传统服饰都起源于此”符合语境，故选E。 【19题详解】 根据后文The hanfu trend appeared five years ago, so the industry is quite young. And many tailors are still learning how best to make hanfu from historical TV dramas and so on. But most of these historical dramas are fictional, as are many of the clothes the characters wear.可知汉服流行于五年前，所以这个行业还很年轻。许多裁缝还在学习如何从历史电视剧中制作汉服等等。但大多数历史剧都是虚构的，剧中人物的许多服装也是虚构的。由此可知，汉服行业很年轻，缺乏汉服制作标准。故B选项“缺乏标准似乎是主要问题”符合语境，故选B。 【20题详解】 根据后文To fulfill their selfish interests, those behind the short videos and live-streaming blame one another instead of working together to revive the hanfu culture.可知为了私利，这些短片和直播背后的人互相指责，而不是一起努力复兴汉服文化。由此可知，有自己汉服店铺的直播主播只是为了增加自己的利润，并不是在努力复兴汉服文化。故D选项“这意味着他们通过推广汉服文化来增加自己的利润”符合语境，故选D。 第三部分　语言运用(共两节, 满分30分) 第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Girls are better at reading and writing than boys as early as fourth grade, according to a study, and the gap continues to widen until senior year. Scientists generally agree that boys and girls are psychologically more alike than they are different. But reading seems to be a(n)____21____, with growing evidence suggesting a similar ____22____in writing. The study, published in the journal American Psychologist, provided further ____23____ to support this view. David Reilly, lead author of the study, said the study ____24____the commonly held view that boys and girls start grade school with the same cognitive abilities. “It appears that the gender gap for writing tasks has been greatly____25____, and despite our best efforts with changes in teaching methods, that does not appear to be ____26____ over time,” he said. Factors explaining the results could include learning ____27____ being more prevalent among boys; the pressure to conform to masculine (男子汉的) ideals and the idea of reading and language being feminine (女性的); and slight____28____in how boys and girls use their brain hemispheres (半球), the authors believe. To investigate how ____29____ levels differed between boys and girls in the U.S., the team studied data collected over three decades in the National Assessment of Educational Progress. This database of test scores on over 3 million students in the fourth, eighth, and twelfth grades____30____national and state performances in a range of subjects, and considered such variables such as disabilities or whether children were English learners. Reading and writing was ____31____according to children’s understanding of a range of different passages and genres. ____32____, girls were found to perform significantly better in reading and writing tests by fourth grade when compared with boys of the same age. As children progressed to eighth and twelfth grades, girls continued to ____33____ boys, but the difference was more noticeable in writing than reading. But what caused this difference in abilities? Evidence suggests ____34____ problems, such as being disruptive（扰乱性的） in class or being aggressive could be linked to neurological conditions. What is known as lateralization (偏侧化) could also play a role. Boys are believed to use one hemisphere when reading or writing, while girls appear to use both. The data did not, however, provide evidence to argue ____35____ the two genders having different learning styles. 21. A. distinction B. exception C. objection D. limitation 22. A. pattern B. standard C. circumstance D. feature 23. A. strategy B. signal C. sign D. evidence 24. A. confirmed B. represented C. questioned D. introduced 25. A. underestimated B. overemphasized C. underrepresented D. justified 26. A. increasing B. promoting C. accepting D. reducing 27. A. objectives B. drills C. difficulties D. advantages 28. A. contributions B. differences C. communications D. similarities 29. A. literacy B. literary C. academic D. cognitive 30. A. pulled down B. settled down C. turned down D. broke down 31. A. granted B. measured C. designed D. engineered 32. A. Likewise B. Overall C. However D. Besides 33. A. overtake B. discourage C. parallel D. distinguish 34. A. psychological B. emotional C. behavioral D. mental 35. A. in line with B. at the mercy of C. on account of D. in favor of 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要通过研究表明相比男孩，女孩的阅读和写作能力更佳，并分析了产生这种现象可能的原因。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但阅读似乎是个例外，越来越多的证据表明，写作也有类似的模式。A. distinction 差别；区别；B. exception 例外；C. objection 发对；D. limitation 限制。上文“Scientists generally agree that boys and girls are psychologically more alike than they are different.(科学家们普遍认为，男孩和女孩是很相似的)”此句与上句转折，说明此处要表达的是男孩与女孩不相似的方面——阅读，也就是说阅读是一个例外，故选B。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：参见上题。A. pattern 模式；B. standard 标准；C. circumstance 环境；D. feature 特色。根据上文“Scientists generally agree that boys and girls are psychologically more alike than they are different. But reading seems to be a(n)____1____, (科学家们普遍认为，男孩和女孩是很相似的，但阅读似乎是个例外)”可知，科学家认为男孩和女孩是很相似的，但是阅读是一个例外，所以此处表达的是写作也和阅读一样，有相似的模式，也是个例外，是男孩和女孩有差异的方面，故选A。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这项发表在《美国心理学家》杂志上的研究为支持这一观点提供了进一步的证据。A. strategy 策略；B. signal 信号；C. sign 迹象；标志；D. evidence 证据。根据空后“to support this view(来支持这种观点)”可知，用来支持观点的，应该是证据，故选D。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这项研究的主要作者David Reilly说，这项研究质疑了人们普遍认为的男孩和女孩在上小学时认知能力相同的观点。A. confirmed 证实；B. represented 代表；C. questioned 质疑；D. introduced 介绍。根据第一段“Girls are better at reading and writing than boys as early as fourth grade, according to a study, and the gap continues to widen until senior year.(一项研究表明早在四年级，女生的阅读和写作能力就比男生强。)”再根据空后宾语，人们认为男孩和女孩在上小学时认知能力相同，可知此处表达这项研究是质疑了这个观点，故选C。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说：“看上去写作任务上的性别差异被极大的低估了，尽管我们在教学方法的改进方面做出了最大的努力，但随着时间的推移，该差异似乎并未渐渐减小。”A. underestimated 低估；B. overemphasized 过多强调；C. underrepresented 代表不足；D. justified 证明……正确。结合上题“David Reilly, lead author of the study, said the study ____4____the commonly held view that boys and girls start grade school with the same cognitive abilities. (这项研究的主要作者David Reilly说，这项研究质疑了人们普遍认为的男孩和女孩在上小学时认知能力相同的观点。)”可知，人们普遍认为男孩和女孩在上小学时认知能力相同，而研究却表明男孩和女孩在读写方面是有差异的，所以此处表达是这种差异是被低估的，故选A。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：参见上题。A. increasing 增加；B. promoting 促进；提升；C. accepting 接受；D. reducing 减少。根据此句中的介词“despite(尽管)”以及句意，可知，此处要表达尽管在教学方法改进方面做了最大的努力，但是差异并没有减少，故选D。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：作者认为，解释这一结果的因素可能包括学习困难在男孩中更为普遍；男孩面临遵循男性化标准的压力，认为阅读是女性的技能；男孩和女孩使用大脑半球的方式也略有不同。A. objectives 目标；B. drills 培训；C. difficulties 困难；D. advantages 优势。结合上面小题“It appears that the gender gap for writing tasks has been greatly____5____ (看上去写作任务上的性别差异被极大的低估了)”分析可知，女孩在读写方面能力比男孩强，此段分析了这种情况的原因，既然男孩读写方面能力相对来说弱，那么可能他们学习的困难更普遍，故选C。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：参见上题。A. contributions贡献；B. differences不同；C. communications交流；D. similarities相似之处。根据本句“in how boys and girls use their brain hemispheres (半球)(男孩和女孩使用大脑半球的方式)”可知，男孩和女孩使用大脑半球的方式是不同的。故选B。 29题详解】 考查名词/形容词词义辨析。句意：为了调查美国男孩和女孩的读写水平的差异，研究小组研究了30多年来在国家教育进展评估中收集的数据。A. literacy读写能力；B. literary 文学的；C. academic 学术的；D. cognitive 认知的。根据第一段“Girls are better at reading and writing than boys as early as fourth grade, according to a study, and the gap continues to widen until senior year.(一项研究显示，女孩早在四年级时就比男孩更擅长阅读和写作，而且这种差距一直持续到高三。)”可知，早在四年级，女生的阅读和写作能力就比男生强，所以此处表达的是为了调查男孩和女孩的读写水平的差异，此空是名词作定语，故选A。 【30题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：这一数据库收集了超过300万名四、八、十二年级学生的考试成绩，将他们在国家和州的一系列科目上的表现进行了细分，并考虑了诸如残疾或儿童是否是英语学习者等变量。A. pulled down 拆毁；降低；B. settled down 安定下来；C. turned down 调小；拒绝；D. broke down 将……分成若干部分；分解。根据本句“in a range of subjects, and considered such variables such as disabilities or whether children were English learners. (一系列科目上的表现进行了细分，并考虑了诸如残疾或儿童是否是英语学习者等变量)”可知，为了调查美国男孩和女孩的读写能力的差异，研究小组研究了一些数据，这些数据详细划分了学生在国家和州的科目上的具体表现，还考虑到一些变量，就是为了让调查结果更准确，故选D。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：阅读和写作是根据儿童对不同文章的段落和体裁的理解来衡量的。A. granted 同意；B. measured 测量；衡量；C. designed 设计；D. engineered 设计制造。根据本句“according to children’s understanding of a range of different passages and genres.(根据儿童对一系列不同段落和体裁的理解)”，可知，此处表达的是根据儿童对不同文章的段落和体裁的理解，阅读和写作来衡量，故选B。 【32题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：总的来说，与同龄男孩相比，女孩在四年级的阅读和写作测试中表现得更好。A. Likewise 同样地；B. Overall 总体上；C. However 但是；D. Besides 此外。此空副词作状语，修饰整个句子，根据空后“girls were found to perform significantly better in reading and writing tests by fourth grade when compared with boys of the same age. (与同龄男孩相比，女孩在四年级的阅读和写作测试中表现得更好。)”，可知，这是整体上的一种情况，故选B。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着孩子们升入八年级和十二年级，女生继续超过男生，但这种差异在写作方面比阅读方面更为明显。A. overtake 超过；赶上；B. discourage 阻拦；使灰心；C. parallel 比得上；与……相似；D. distinguish 区分；辨别。结合上文“____12____, girls were found to perform significantly better in reading and writing tests by fourth grade when compared with boys of the same age. (总的来说，与同龄男孩相比，女孩在四年级的阅读和写作测试中表现得更好。)”可知，早在四年级，女生的阅读和写作能力就比男生强，而且差距还会进一步加大，可知此处表达的是随着孩子们升入八年级和十二年级，女生继续超过男生，故选A。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有证据表明，行为问题，如课堂上的破坏性行为或攻击性行为，可能与神经系统疾病有关。A. psychological 心理的；B. emotional 感情的；C. behavioral 有关行为的；D. mental 精神的。根据空后的举例“such as being disruptive in class or being aggressive(比如在课堂上捣乱或咄咄逼人)”可知，此处表达的是如课堂上的破坏性行为或攻击性行为的行为问题，故选C。 【35题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：然而，这些数据并没有提供支持拥有不同学习风格两种性别的证据。A. in line with 与……一致；B. at the mercy of 完全由……支配；C. on account of 因为；由于；D. in favor of 有利于；支持。结合“the two genders having different learning styles.(男孩和女孩在读写能力方面的差异)”以及全文可知，文章只是客观介绍了男孩和女孩在读写能力方面的差异，表明了他们不同的学习风格，但是并没有表明支持男孩或者女孩，故选D。 第二节(共10小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Living Heritage: Guqin Wandering sounds, irregular rhythms ____36____ a carrier of gentle emotions are the musical language of guqin, a plucked seven string instrument ____37____(create) in ancient China. The earliest piece of guqin in China, unearthed in Hubei province in 2016,____38____(date) back to the Zhou Dynasty. The body of a guqin is made of lacquered wood(漆木)and the strings of twisted silk. Unlike ____39____ (it) seemingly simple appearance, making a guqin is ____40____(extreme) demanding. An outstanding piece can take anywhere from two to several decades to complete. It is a result of art and time. The tone of guqin is quiet and distant. The guqin ____41____(favor) by the literati(文人)in ancient China. The most famous guqin ____42____(music) was Yu Boya in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods. As he played his guqin in the mountains, a woodcutter named Zhong Ziqi heard the music and understood exactly what Yu wanted ____43____(express). This deep understanding formed ____44____ strong bond between’ them, and they became close friends. This is the famous tale behind the guqin masterpiece, Flowing Water, High Mountains. The piece has been passed down through generations and is considered one of the most famous and important compositions in Chinese guqin music. This graceful dialogue,____45____ has been flowing from brushed fingertips and travelling for thousands of years, is continuing to this day. 【答案】36. and 37. created 38. dates 39. its 40. extremely 41. was favored 42. musician 43. to express 44. a 45. which 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。古琴是中国古代创造的一种拨弦七弦乐器，它的音乐语言是飘忽的声音、不规则的节奏和温柔的情感载体，最早的古琴可以追溯到周朝，文章对其进行了详细介绍。 【36题详解】 考查连词。句意：古琴是中国古代创造的一种拨弦七弦乐器，它的音乐语言是飘忽的声音、不规则的节奏和温柔的情感载体。“Wandering sounds, irregular rhythms”和“a carrier of gentle emotions”构成并列关系，所以应用连词and。故填and。 【37题详解】 考查过去分词。句意：古琴是中国古代创造的一种拨弦七弦乐器，它的音乐语言是飘忽的声音、不规则的节奏和温柔的情感载体。动词create意为“创造”，和系动词之间没有连词，和逻辑主语“a plucked seven string instrument”构成被动关系，且动作已完成，所以应用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填created。 【38题详解】 考查一般现在时和主谓一致。句意：中国最早的古琴于2016年在湖北省出土，可以追溯到周朝。此处描述客观事实，所以应用一般现在时。主语“The earliest piece of guqin”为第三人称单数。故填dates。 【39题详解】 考查代词。句意：与看似简单的外观不同，制作古琴的要求非常高。根据“seemingly simple appearance”可知，此处是指它的看似简单的外观，所以应用形容词性物主代词its表示“它的”。故填its。 【40题详解】 考查副词。句意：与看似简单的外观不同，制作古琴的要求非常高。修饰形容词demanding应用副词extremely表示“极度，非常”作状语。故填extremely。 【41题详解】 考查一般过去时的被动语态和主谓一致。句意：古琴是中国古代文人喜爱的乐器。根据“in ancient China”可知，此处应用一般过去时。根据“by the literati”可知，此处应用被动语态。主语guqin为第三人称单数。故填was favored。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：最著名的古琴演奏家是春秋战国时期的虞伯牙。根据Yu Boya可知，此处是指最著名的古琴演奏家，所以应用名词musician表示“音乐家，乐师”作主语。故填musician。 【43题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：当他在山上弹奏古琴时，一位名叫钟子期的樵夫听到了音乐，并完全理解了他想表达的意思。want to do意为“想要做某事”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用to do不定式作宾语。故填to express。 【44题详解】 考查冠词。句意：这种深刻的理解在他们之间形成了牢固的纽带，他们成为了亲密的朋友。此处bond意为“纽带”，为可数名词，第一次出现应用不定冠词表示泛指。故填a。 【45题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这优美的对话，从拂过的指尖流淌，流传了几千年，延续至今。在非限制性定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为dialogue，所以应用关系代词which。故填which。 第四部分　写作(共两节, 满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你校将举办中国传统服装展。请你给交换生朋友Joe写一封邮件，邀请他一起观看。内容包括： 1. 活动目的； 2. 时间地点； 3. 活动内容。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 请按如下格式作答。 Dear Joe， __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Joe, To enrich our campus life and keep traditional Chinese culture alive, the Traditional Chinese Costume Show will be held in the gym of our school next Friday afternoon. I am writing to invite you to enjoy it with us. To start with, there will be an exhibition of traditional Chinese costumes of different dynasties, bringing about a visual feast. Following a variety of costumes ready for students to try on, the activity will end with a fashion show where students will display some of the classic clothing. I would be more than delighted if you could accept my invitation. Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一封邮件邀请Joe参加学校将举办的中国传统服装展。 【详解】1.词汇积累 首先：to start with → to begin with 盛宴：feast → banquet 高兴的：delighted → pleased 回复：reply → answer 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：To start with, there will be an exhibition of traditional Chinese costumes of different dynasties, bringing about a visual feast. 拓展句：To start with, there will be an exhibition of traditional Chinese costumes of different dynasties, which will bring about a visual feast. 【点睛】【高分句型1】To enrich our campus life and keep traditional Chinese culture alive, the Traditional Chinese Costume Show will be held in the gym of our school next Friday afternoon. (运用了动词不定式作目的状语，运用了被动语态) 【高分句型2】Following a variety of costumes ready for students to try on, the activity will end with a fashion show where students will display some of the classic clothing. (运用了现在分词作状语，运用了where引导的限制性定语从句) 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Jonathan’s mother died when he was very young and his father brought him up. Both of them shared a very special relationship. Football was not just a game for Jonathan; it was a bond between him and his father. Every match, regardless of whether he played or not, his father would be there, a constant source of firm support. Though his size prevented him from joining the main team, Jonathan’s determination burned brighter than ever. With each practice, he improved his skills, fueled by the belief that someday his perseverance would pay off. Despite the doubts cast upon him, he pushed forward, never allowing anything to make his passion disappear. One day, as the sun cast long shadows on the field, the coach approached Jonathan with a telegram (电报) in hand. The weight of the message pressed heavily on the young man’s heart as he read the words that forever changed his world. He swallowed hard and his voice shook as he turned to the coach. “My father... he died this morning,” Jonathan uttered, his voice filled with sorrow. His body trembled with the weight of his sadness, threatening to consume him. Tears flooded his eyes, rolling down his cheeks. The coach, understanding Jonathan’s loss, enveloped him in a comforting embrace. The warmth of his arm around Jonathan’s shoulder provided a temporary comfort. Softly, the coach spoke words of relief and understanding, giving Jonathan the time and space he needed to process his overwhelming sorrow. “Take the rest of the week off, son,” the coach said gently, his voice filled with sympathy. “And don’t even plan to come to the game on Saturday. Your well-being matters more than anything.” On the day of the game, Jonathan’s college team was losing badly to the opponent team. The coach and the players had all lost hope when they saw Jonathan coming towards them. Jonathan ran up to the coach and begged him to allow him to play this match. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按照如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 At first, the coach wouldn’t allow him to play. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After the match, the coach found Jonathan in the corner of the locker room. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Possible version： At first, the coach wouldn’t allow him to play. However after a lot of persuasion, the coach gave in. No sooner had Jonathan joined the team in the field, their scores started to improve before both the teams were on a tie. However, the real cheer came during the crucial closing seconds when he stopped a pass and ran all the way for the winning goal. His team members were thrilled. The crowd came running towards him to celebrate the win. After the match, the coach found Jonathan in the corner of the locker room. He asked, “Kid, I can’t believe it. You were fantastic! Tell me what got into you? How did you do it?” He looked at the coach, with tears in his eyes, and said, “Well, you knew my dad died, but did you know that my dad was blind?” The young man swallowed hard and forced a smile, “Dad came to all my games,but today was the first time he could see me play, and I wanted to show him I could do it!” 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Jonathan和他的父亲相依为命，而当一天Jonathan的足球教练告诉他父亲去世的消息并要求Jonathan停赛一周休息，但Jonathan坚持想参加比赛。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由续写第一段首句“起初，教练不允许他参加比赛。”可以预测续写第一段主要内容：Jonathan说服教练让自己参加比赛并通过自己和队员的努力赢得了比赛。 ②由第二段首句“比赛结束后，教练在更衣室的角落里发现了Jonathan。”可以预测续写第二段主要内容：教练问Jonathan这次取胜的秘诀，然后Jonathan解释是为了让在天堂的爸爸看到自己的比赛。 2.续写线索：教练让Jonathan休息——Jonathan主动说服教练并参赛——Jonathan和队员赢得比赛——教练问Jonathan获胜秘诀——Jonathan解释原因 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①屈服：give in/give way /yield ②跑：run / race/rush ③看：look at/stare at/gaze at 情绪类 ①兴奋的：thrilled/excited/overjoyed ②极好的：fantastic/excellent/wonderful 【点睛】[高分句型1] However, the real cheer came during the crucial closing seconds when he stopped a pass and ran all the way for the winning goal. （运用了when引导的时间状语从句） [高分句型2]The crowd came running towards him to celebrate the win.（运用了不定式作目的状语） [高分句型3]Well, you knew my dad died, but did you know that my dad was blind?（运用了that引导的宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 高三英语九月月考试卷 (120分钟　150分) 第二部分　阅读(共两节, 满分50分) 第一节(共15小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分) 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A You might find a few good recommendations helpful when it comes to adding to your reading list. South to America by Imani Perry $26.67 In this story, a native Alabaman returns home and looks at her state with fresh eyes, and learns about the stories and experiences of others she meets along the way. By weaving these stories together, Perry has crafted a book that takes you not only below the Mason-Dixon line but also through the country as a whole. The Candy House by Jennifer Egan $25.20 Bix Bouton has a successful company and is desperate for new ideas. After he joins a conversation group, mostly professors from Columbia, one of whom is experimenting with downloading or externalizing memories, he gets his big new idea—Own Your Unconscious. This technology allows you to get every memory you’ve ever had, and to share every memory in exchange: for access to the memories of others. The Paris Apartment by Lucy Foley $26.67 Jess needs a fresh start and turns to her half-brother, Ben, who lives in Paris, for a place to stay. When she arrives at his apartment, however, he’s not there. Although she comes to the city of lights to escape the past that has been disturbing her, she finds herself enter Ben’s future. The It Girl by Ruth Ware $26.67 April was the first person Hannah met at Oxford. Together they developed a group of devoted and inseparable friends. One day, April was dead and the murderer was arrested. Now, a decade later, Hannah’s world is rocked when a young journalist presents new evidence that the murderer may have been innocent. As Hannah reconnects with old friends and digs deeper into the mystery of April’s death, she realizes that the friends she thought she knew all have something to hide… including a murder. 1. Whose book should you choose if you’re interested in sharing your memories? A. Imani Perry’s. B. Lucy Foley’s. C. Ruth Ware’s. D. Jennifer Egan’s. 2. What can you learn from The Paris Apartment? A. The truth behind a young girl’s murder. B. The simple way to make candy at home. C. How a girl travels to her brother’s future. D. What an Alabaman experiences in her state. 3. Which of the following does The It Girl belong to? A. A love story. B. A crime novel. C. A science fiction. D. A historical novel. B Darcie Hayward will have her five-year-old Alaskan Malamute, Sora, put paws on the pavement every day of the next month to raise funds for Guide Dogs Australia’s PAWGUST campaign. The initiative, which encourages Australians to walk their dogs for 30 minutes a day for 30 days, is a cause close to the 29-year-old’s heart. Her younger blind brother Lachie, 27, was recently matched with a guide dog of his own, black Labrador Eddie in May after 18 months of tests and compatibility(相容)training. “Since Eddie arrived, Lachie has been able to walk around without his cane(手杖), feeling like he is just walking his dog, ” said Darcie, who lives in Langwarrin, Victoria. “They are best friends. ” Seeing the difference a guide dog made to her brother, Darcie was overjoyed to be raising funds, so other Australians could one day have their own companion dogs, like Lachie. “Many people see a guide dog and go, not realizing how much it takes to raise a guide dog puppy so I want to raise some awareness, ” said Darcie. “It’s amazing to see how Lachie’s life has improved, but there are many people without that companionship. It’s really nice to be able to contribute in any way I can. I shared the experience on our local community web page, mentioning we are raising money for guide dogs. Surprisingly, a couple of strangers donated. ” It seems that Eddie has already been a popular pup with the locals. “There are so many kids who have been asking to pat Eddie that Lachie has to reject them, ” Darcie added with a smile. Excited to be making a positive impact by walking her own dog, Darcie is eager to encourage more people to fetch their leashes(牵狗用的皮带) and tie up their trainers to take action. 4. What is the campaign? A. A charitable event. B. A training course. C. A walking test. D. A community action. 5. What effect did Eddie have on Lachie? A. Slight. B. Positive. C. Potential. D. Undesirable. 6. Why did Darcie share the experience? A. To save more guide dogs. B. To spread Lachie’s story. C. To help more blind people. D. To interact with the neighbors. 7. What does Darcie want people to do? A. Do more walking. B. Raise their own dogs. C. Donate some leashes. D. Get involved in the campaign. C Children will become more and more independent and will do what they would like to do. However, as parents, you ought to take care of your own children and have a better understanding of them in the following cases. School work becomes increasingly difficult as children grow up. So this is a time when some kids begin to do better in their school work while others struggle to understand more advanced and more difficult lessons. When they get home, talk with them about their school lessons and find out what they don’t understand. It’s a chance for you to stay close with your children as before and get them to relax. For many families, homework can be a serious struggle. Many school-age kids are reluctant to sit down and study for a spelling test or complete their math homework. It’s natural for them to be bored with their homework, but you have to think of ways to help them form the right habit to finish their homework when they get home. Many kids are busy with sports, music, and after-school activities. Others, however, may prefer to spend too many hours on the screen. It’s important to keep kids active at this age. Friends become a bigger deal for children during this time too. Attending birthday parties or playing with kids on the playground can be good for their development. Bullying (恃强凌弱的行为) can become a problem around this age. It’s important to talk to your child about kindness and respect so he doesn’t become a bully and it’s also quite necessary for you to talk about what he can do if he becomes a target. 8. What would happen with school lessons getting more difficult? A. Children are divided in their school lessons. B. Children have more homework to do at home. C. Parents have more chances to show themselves. D. Parents find it more difficult to teach their children. 9. What does the underlined word “reluctant” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Excited. B. Worried. C. Unwilling. D. Interested. 10. What does the author advise school children to do? A Spend more hours on the screen. B. Be active both mentally and physically. C. Organize parties at home and school. D. Bully other students at school. 11. Who are the intended readers of this text? A. Students. B. Teachers. C. Parents. D. Office workers. D Human responses to moral dilemmas (两难选择) can be influenced by statements written by the artificial intelligence chatbot ChatGPT, according to a study published in Scientific Reports. The findings indicate that users may underestimate the extent to which their own moral judgments can be influenced by the chatbot. Sebastian Krigel and colleagues asked ChatGPT multiple times whether it is right to sacrifice (牺牲) the life of one person in order to save the lives of five others. They found that ChatGPT wrote random statements arguing both for and against sacrificing one life, indicating that it is not biased towards a certain moral stance (立场). The authors then presented 767 U. S. participants, who were on average 39 years old, with a dilemma whether to sacrifice one person’s life to save five others. Before answering, participants read a statement provided by ChatGPT arguing either for or against sacrificing one life to save five. Statements were from either a moral advisor or ChatGPT. After answering, participants were asked whether the statement they read influenced their answers. Eighty percent of participants reported that their answers were not influenced by the statements they read. However, the authors found that the answers participants believed they would have provided without reading the statements were still more likely to agree with the moral stance of the statement they did read than with the opposite stance. This indicates that participants may have underestimated the influence of ChatGPT’s statements on their own moral judgments. The authors suggest that the potential for chatbots to influence human moral judgments highlights the need for education to help humans better understand artificial intelligence They propose that future research should design chatbots that either decline to answer questions requiring a moral judgment or answer these questions by providing multiple arguments and warnings. 12. What are ChatGPT’s answers to a certain moral stance like according to Paragraph 2? A. Inconsistent. B. Valuable. C. Creative. D. Simple. 13. What is learned about the participants? A. They admitted the power of ChatGPT. B. They were interviewed by a moral advisor. C. They were affected by ChatGPT unknowingly. D. They were presented with different moral dilemmas. 14. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. Different findings of the study. B. Future potentials for chatbots. C. Major focuses of future education. D. Solutions to the impact of chatbots. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. ChatGPT Tends to Cause Moral Panics B. ChatGPT: Is It Likely to Affect Our Life? C. ChatGPT:Why Is It Making Us So Nervous? D. ChatGPT Can Influence Human Moral Judgments 第二节(共5小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分) 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Hanfu is a traditional robe(长袍) of the Han people, which has a history of thousands of years in China. The number of people adopting the ancient style of dress in modern times has. grown significantly these days. The hanfu clothing industry is now worth one billion yuan(US$140.7 million). ___16___ However, it may be too early to call it a “revival”(复兴). ___17___ And it sounds impressive that about 2.2 million people in China wear hanfu. But considering that the clothing retail(零售) industry was worth 1.92 trillion yuan in 2017, one billion yuan is a small number. Similarly, 2.2 million seems a small number considering that China’s population is more than 1.3 billion. Having played a major role in China’s clothing history, hanfu remained popular until the late 1600s. ___18___ After pursuing Western fashion, it’s natural that Chinese people are returning to traditional clothing in search of their cultural identity. But what is the obstacle of hanfu’s revival, despite people’s love for it? ___19___ The hanfu trend appeared five years ago, so the industry is quite young. And many tailors are still learning how best to make hanfu from historical TV dramas and so on. But most of these historical dramas are fictional, as are many of the clothes the characters wear. Short-video and live-streaming apps are the other sources that promote the hanfu culture. But most of these live streamers have their own shops. ___20___ To fulfill their selfish interests, those behind the short videos and live-streaming blame one another instead of working together to revive the hanfu culture. If these live-streamers really want to develop the hanfu culture, they should change their attitude and work together for the betterment of the hanfu industry. A. One billion yuan is a huge figure. B. The lack of a standard seems to be the main problem. C. The popularity of hanfu reflects the diversity of Chinese culture. D. This means they promote hanfu culture to increase their own profits. E. Even the traditional Korean and Japanese costumes originated from it. F. This has prompted many to say it symbolizes the revival of Han or hanfu culture. G. It is natural for Chinese people to show their love for traditional culture by wearing hanfu. 第三部分　语言运用(共两节, 满分30分) 第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Girls are better at reading and writing than boys as early as fourth grade, according to a study, and the gap continues to widen until senior year. Scientists generally agree that boys and girls are psychologically more alike than they are different. But reading seems to be a(n)____21____, with growing evidence suggesting a similar ____22____in writing. The study, published in the journal American Psychologist, provided further ____23____ to support this view. David Reilly, lead author of the study, said the study ____24____the commonly held view that boys and girls start grade school with the same cognitive abilities. “It appears that the gender gap for writing tasks has been greatly____25____, and despite our best efforts with changes in teaching methods, that does not appear to be ____26____ over time,” he said. Factors explaining the results could include learning ____27____ being more prevalent among boys; the pressure to conform to masculine (男子汉的) ideals and the idea of reading and language being feminine (女性的); and slight____28____in how boys and girls use their brain hemispheres (半球), the authors believe. To investigate how ____29____ levels differed between boys and girls in the U.S., the team studied data collected over three decades in the National Assessment of Educational Progress. This database of test scores on over 3 million students in the fourth, eighth, and twelfth grades____30____national and state performances in a range of subjects, and considered such variables such as disabilities or whether children were English learners. Reading and writing was ____31____according to children’s understanding of a range of different passages and genres. ____32____, girls were found to perform significantly better in reading and writing tests by fourth grade when compared with boys of the same age. As children progressed to eighth and twelfth grades, girls continued to ____33____ boys, but the difference was more noticeable in writing than reading. But what caused this difference in abilities? Evidence suggests ____34____ problems, such as being disruptive（扰乱性的） in class or being aggressive could be linked to neurological conditions. What is known as lateralization (偏侧化) could also play a role. Boys are believed to use one hemisphere when reading or writing, while girls appear to use both. The data did not, however, provide evidence to argue ____35____ the two genders having different learning styles. 21. A. distinction B. exception C. objection D. limitation 22. A. pattern B. standard C. circumstance D. feature 23. A. strategy B. signal C. sign D. evidence 24. A. confirmed B. represented C. questioned D. introduced 25. A. underestimated B. overemphasized C. underrepresented D. justified 26. A. increasing B. promoting C. accepting D. reducing 27. A. objectives B. drills C. difficulties D. advantages 28. A. contributions B. differences C. communications D. similarities 29. A. literacy B. literary C. academic D. cognitive 30. A. pulled down B. settled down C. turned down D. broke down 31. A. granted B. measured C. designed D. engineered 32. A. Likewise B. Overall C. However D. Besides 33. A. overtake B. discourage C. parallel D. distinguish 34. A. psychological B. emotional C. behavioral D. mental 35. A. in line with B. at the mercy of C. on account of D. in favor of 第二节(共10小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Living Heritage: Guqin Wandering sounds, irregular rhythms ____36____ a carrier of gentle emotions are the musical language of guqin, a plucked seven string instrument ____37____(create) in ancient China. The earliest piece of guqin in China, unearthed in Hubei province in 2016,____38____(date) back to the Zhou Dynasty. The body of a guqin is made of lacquered wood(漆木)and the strings of twisted silk. Unlike ____39____ (it) seemingly simple appearance, making a guqin is ____40____(extreme) demanding. An outstanding piece can take anywhere from two to several decades to complete. It is a result of art and time. The tone of guqin is quiet and distant. The guqin ____41____(favor) by the literati(文人)in ancient China. The most famous guqin ____42____(music) was Yu Boya in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods. As he played his guqin in the mountains, a woodcutter named Zhong Ziqi heard the music and understood exactly what Yu wanted ____43____(express). This deep understanding formed ____44____ strong bond between’ them, and they became close friends. This is the famous tale behind the guqin masterpiece, Flowing Water, High Mountains. The piece has been passed down through generations and is considered one of the most famous and important compositions in Chinese guqin music. This graceful dialogue,____45____ has been flowing from brushed fingertips and travelling for thousands of years, is continuing to this day. 第四部分　写作(共两节, 满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你校将举办中国传统服装展。请你给交换生朋友Joe写一封邮件，邀请他一起观看。内容包括： 1. 活动目的； 2. 时间地点； 3. 活动内容 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 请按如下格式作答。 Dear Joe， __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Jonathan’s mother died when he was very young and his father brought him up. Both of them shared a very special relationship. Football was not just a game for Jonathan; it was a bond between him and his father. Every match, regardless of whether he played or not, his father would be there, a constant source of firm support. Though his size prevented him from joining the main team, Jonathan’s determination burned brighter than ever. With each practice, he improved his skills, fueled by the belief that someday his perseverance would pay off. Despite the doubts cast upon him, he pushed forward, never allowing anything to make his passion disappear. One day, as the sun cast long shadows on the field, the coach approached Jonathan with a telegram (电报) in hand. The weight of the message pressed heavily on the young man’s heart as he read the words that forever changed his world. He swallowed hard and his voice shook as he turned to the coach. “My father... he died this morning,” Jonathan uttered, his voice filled with sorrow. His body trembled with the weight of his sadness, threatening to consume him. Tears flooded his eyes, rolling down his cheeks. The coach, understanding Jonathan’s loss, enveloped him in a comforting embrace. The warmth of his arm around Jonathan’s shoulder provided a temporary comfort. Softly, the coach spoke words of relief and understanding, giving Jonathan the time and space he needed to process his overwhelming sorrow. “Take the rest of the week off, son,” the coach said gently, his voice filled with sympathy. “And don’t even plan to come to the game on Saturday. Your well-being matters more than anything.” On the day of the game, Jonathan’s college team was losing badly to the opponent team. The coach and the players had all lost hope when they saw Jonathan coming towards them. Jonathan ran up to the coach and begged him to allow him to play this match. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按照如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 At first, the coach wouldn’t allow him to play. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After the match, the coach found Jonathan in the corner of the locker room. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$