专题2.3 动词的构词规律、情态动词和虚拟语气-【衡中学案】2025年高考英语一轮总复习学案(人教版2019)

2024-12-13
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词do,后面表语to do的to省略。故填finish。 20. walking  考查非谓语动词。此处与living是并列成分,共同作 imagine的宾语,imagine sb. doing sth.想象某人做某事。因此 sb. doing sth.为imagine后动名词的复合结构。故填walking。 21. to change  考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,简单句中已有动 词gave,设空处需用非谓语动词。分析句意,此处需用不定式作 定语,修饰technology。故填to change。 22. to journey  考查非谓语动词。a first step to do sth.为固定搭配, 意为“做某事的第一步”。本句中的谓语动词是hiked,所给词 journey在句中作后置定语,意为“旅行”,故填to journey。 23. planning  考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,该句已有谓 语动词flew,设空处应用非谓语动词形式,且主语He和plan之 间是逻辑上的主谓关系,故填planning。 24. shared  考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,设空处应用非 谓语动词形式。动词share与其逻辑主语future之间是动宾关 系,应用过去分词作定语,修饰名词future。故填shared。 25. To strengthen  考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知,设空处应用 动词不定式作目的状语,且设空处位于句首,故填To strengthen。 26. Covering  考查非谓语动词。句意:该公园占地面积约为黄石 国家公园的三倍,GPNP将成为中国首批国家公园之一。设空处 在句中作非谓语,cover和句子的逻辑主语the GPNP为逻辑的主 动关系,应用现在分词的形式作状语,首字母大写。故填 Covering。 27. to increase  考查非谓语动词。句意:该计划将把保护范围扩大 到大量以前未受保护的地区,将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入 一个管理机构,以提高效率,减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在 句中作目的状语,应用动词的不定式的形式。故填to increase。 Ⅱ. Passage 1     语篇导读:本文是一篇新闻报道。嫦娥四号无人探测器在月 球背面成功软着陆,中国成为第一个使探测器在月球背面软着陆 的国家。 1. to land  考查非谓语动词。当被修饰词是序数词或被序数词修 饰时,用to do作定语。故填to land。 2. was inspired  考查动词的时态和语态。根据题意,该探测器的 名字是受了月神嫦娥的启发,表被动,而且被启发是过去的事 情。故填was inspired。 3. Landing  考查非谓语动词。根据题意,此处在句中作主语,且位 于句首,首字母大写。故填Landing。 4. challenging  考查非谓语动词。根据题意,此处应该是“极具挑 战性的”,作表语,主语为动名词短语。故填challenging。 5. blocks  考查动词的时态。because引导原因状语从句,从句中 要有谓语,而且the moons body是单数,此处又为客观事实,所 以谓语动词要用单数形式。故填blocks。 6. had  考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据题意“中国发射嫦娥四 号”是过去的事情,而且后面的从句也是使用的could send作谓 语。故填had。 7. to use   考查非谓语动词。hope后跟不定式作宾语。故填 to use。 8. to find  考查非谓语动词。根据题意,研究者希望使用嫦娥四号 上的设备去发现和研究月球南极的艾肯盆地。此处为use sth. to do结构,其中to do表示目的状语。故填to find。 9. to obtain  考查非谓语动词。当被修饰词是chance,opportunity, way,ability等抽象名词时,其后常跟to do作定语。故填to obtain。 10. are  考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据题意,此处在whether 引导的宾语从句中作谓语,且主语its plans是复数形式,此处时 态应为一般现在时。故填are。 Passage 2     语篇导读:本文是一篇说明文。简单介绍了中国古典诗歌和 现在的《中国诗词大会》。 1. reciting  考查非谓语动词。句子主语Many of us和recite在逻 辑上是主动关系,应用现在分词,作伴随状语。故填reciting。 2. to enjoy  考查非谓语动词。learn to do sth.表示“学会做某事”。 故填to enjoy。 3. to convey  考查非谓语动词。能够用几行诗句表达如此丰富的 意思。use sth. to do sth.用某物做某事。故填to convey。 4. dating  考查非谓语动词。句意:起源于西周时期的《诗经》的历 史要比《荷马史诗》更悠久。根据语境,以及date back to没被动 形式,此处用现在分词作定语。故填dating。 5. To recognize  考查非谓语动词。句意:为了认识到诗歌的独特 能力……。根据句意,应填不定式作目的状语。故填To recognize。 6. to support  考查非谓语动词。根据语境应用不定式to support作 目的状语,意为“为了支持……”。故填to support。 7. featuring  考查非谓语动词。句意:以古典诗歌为特色的《中国 诗词大会》特别受欢迎。设空处是非谓语动词作定语,与其修饰 的名词是逻辑上的主动关系,因此用v. ing 形式。故填 featuring。 8. taking  考查非谓语动词。宾语100 participants是take的逻辑 主语,表主动关系。故填taking。 9. moving  考查非谓语动词。moving表示“令人感动的”,作定语 修饰songs。故填moving。 10. written  考查非谓语动词。改编自唐朝诗人温庭筠写的一首 诗。设空处作定语的非谓语动词written与其中心词poem表动 宾关系。故填written。 Ⅲ. 1. to invite you to our English party to be held on 1 June at the school stadium  2. to display your English talent  3. English activities well prepared by ourselves  4. reciting English poems 5. sharing with you the pleasant time at the party  第三讲  动词的构词规律、情态动词和虚拟语气 考点突破·精讲即练 即时演练(一) 1. deepen  2. beautify  3. apologize  4. enables  5. strengthens 即时演练(二) 1. would not listen to her   2. dont have to apologize   3. would appreciate it  4. must be peoples income  5. she can still read without glasses 即时演练(三) 1. can not be too careful  2. may as well seize the chance 3. should be so precise 即时演练(四) 1. must  2. have expressed  3. may  4. have eaten  5. have come 即时演练(五) 1. would have gone  2. had listened  3. had lain  4. would / could get 5. had taken 即时演练(六) 1.(should)be sent  2.(should)be checked  3. hadnt tried 4.(should)be encouraged  5. focused 即时演练(七) 1. had completed  2. had come  3. took / should take 集训夯基·素养提能 Ⅰ. 1. have made  考查情态动词。句意:——老实说,我觉得我不 会被录取。——唉,谁知道呢!你给人的印象可能比你想象的 要好。根据句意可知,此处表示过去可能做某事,应用“情态动 词+ have done”形式。故填have made。 2. could  考查情态动词。句意:过去你可能在这里开车几英里都 看不到一个人,但现在到处都有房屋和人。根据句意可知,该处 表示对客观可能性的推测。故填could。 3. can  考查情态动词。根据空后的“as long as we leave it clean and tidy”可知,Jim允许我们待在他的房子里,即我们“能,可以” 待在他的房子里。故填can。 4. have scolded  考查情态动词。根据语境可知,此处表示“本不应 该”,shouldnt have done指做了过去本不该做的事,空前已有 shouldnt。故填have scolded。 5. be  考查虚拟语气。此处是错综时间虚拟语气,根据空后的 where I am可知,主句是与现在事实相反的假设,主句谓语动词 应用would do形式,空前已有wouldnt。故填be。 6. have accomplished  考查虚拟语气。根据空前的“The workers were not better organized”可知,这是对过去情况的含蓄虚拟。从 句应用should (would / could / might)+ have + done,空前已有 would。故填have accomplished。 7. would have had  考查虚拟语气。根据关键词or可知应用虚拟 语气,这里表示与过去的事实相反,谓语动词应用would / could / should / might + have done。故填would have had。 8. could / might have left   考查情态动词。根据句中时间状语 yesterday可知,是对过去发生事情的推测,因此用“情态动词+ have done”,再根据后句but Im not sure可知,此推测为不太肯定 的推测,所以用could / might have done。故填could / might have left。 9. can  考查情态动词。can在此表示客观可能性,意为“可能会, 有时候会”。故填can。 10. had driven  考查虚拟语气。根据主句的谓语形式以及语境 (事情已经发生)可知,if条件句应该用过去完成时,表示与过去 事实相反的虚拟语气,因此从句谓语动词用“had +过去分词”。 故填had driven。 11. should  考查情态动词。此处should作情态动词,表示“竟 然”,符合语境。故填should。 Ⅱ.     语篇导读:本文是一篇记叙文。文中介绍了作者来到一所 新学校的情况,以及学校的一些规定。 1. need  考查情态动词。因为这儿的同学对我都非常友好,在来 新学校之前我本不需要担心的。故填neednt                                                                          。 —056— 2. danced  考查虚拟语气。我希望我跳舞像她一样好。wish后面 的宾语从句往往用虚拟语气,而且与现在相反。故填danced。 3. can  考查情态动词。没有人像她跳得一样好。表示能力要用 can。故填can。 4. did / should do  考查虚拟语气。It is high time that + sb. should do / did sth.到了某人该做某事的时候了。故填did / should do。 5. will  考查情态动词。每当我靠近他们听见他们说汉语的时候, 我会对他们说“你好”。will可以表示现在的习惯。故填will。 6.(should)not allow  考查虚拟语气。recommend后面的宾语从 句用虚拟语气“should +动词原形”,should可以省略。故填 (should)not allow。 7. must  考查情态动词。学生必须要服从校规。must表示强制。 故填must。 8. didnt  考查虚拟语气。如果学生在校期间不穿校服,他会立即 受到惩罚。因为主句谓语用would do,表示对现在的虚拟,所以 条件从句中用过去式表示对现在的虚拟。故填didnt。 9. shall  考查情态动词。根据规定,学生如果想拿奖学金,任一单 科成绩不得低于85分。shall用于第三人称,在条约、规定、法令 等文件中表示义务或规定,意为“应,必须”。故填shall。 10. should  考查情态动词。我没有想到这里的学生竟然像我一样 痴迷《哈利·波特》系列丛书。should在此意为“竟然”,表示惊 讶。故填should。 Ⅲ. 1. I (should)make new friends and adapt to the new life 2. I couldnt have enjoyed my life there so much 3. my English couldnt have improved so quickly 4. if you could offer me his email address or telephone number 5. you could come to China during the Spring Festival to experience Chinese culture 6. you spent the Spring Festival with us happily 7. if you were to accept my invitation 专题三  三大从句和特殊句式 第一讲  并列句和状语从句 考点突破·精讲即练 即时演练(一) 1. or  2. but  3. and  4. and  5. and 即时演练(二) 1. since  2. because  3. in  4. unless 集训夯基·素养提能 Ⅰ. 1. but  考查连词。空前“It is a distinct visual contrast(反差) that shouldnt work”和空后“somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination”之间存在转折关系,用but。故 填but。 2. and  考查连词。根据句子结构和句意可知,本句主语为 emperors,planned和arranged作并列谓语,且设空前后在语义上 为并列关系,因此空白处应用and来连接。故填and。 3. or  考查连词。whether. . . or. . . “是……还是……”,为固定搭 配。故填or。 4. and  考查连词。分析句子结构可知,设空处连接hung和 screamed两个动作。根据句意可知,此处表示并列关系。故 填and。 5. and   考查连词。根据语境可知,international cooperation和 cultural exchanges之间为并列关系,应使用and连接。故填and。 6. and  考查连词。分析句子结构可知,highlights与offers之间为 并列关系,都作it的谓语,应使用and连接。故填and。 7. but  考查连词。did the job和My bike was old and shaky之间是 转折关系,应用表示转折的连词but连接。故填but。 8. neither  考查连词。根据语境和空后的nor可知,此处是固定句 式neither . . . nor . . .,意为“既不……也不……”。故填neither。 9. but  考查并列连词。句意:这些文化饮食礼仪规则中的一些可 能看起来随意而奇怪,但它们在不同的国家都很重要。根据句 子结构,设空处应该填写连词,根据句意,此处表示转折关系。 故填but。 10. until / till  考查连词。句意:之后,我把油倒进锅里,打开炉子, 耐心地等待,直到油变热。根据句意和句子结构应用until / till。 故填until / till。 11. and  考查连词。句意:首先我把西红柿切成块,并把它们放在 一边。I cut the tomatoes into pieces与put them aside之间是并列 关系,应使用and连接。故填and。 12. but / yet  考查连词。分析句子可知,此处前句提到“我7岁开 始学功夫”,后句提到“很久没有练习了”。此处前后应是转折 关系。故填but / yet。 13. or  考查连词。句意:他们把自己的藏品留在家里,直到收藏 量变得太大或者自己去世,然后这些藏品被捐给一家博物馆。 根据语境可知,前后陈述的是两个可能性,应使用连词or。故 填or。 14. When / As  考查状语从句。句意:当他问河岸上的村民,他在 哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时,他们笑着指着河的下游。本 句为时间状语从句,表示“当……时候”,且从句中动词asked为 短暂性动作动词,不能用while引导,故应用when或as引导。 句首单词首字母要大写。故填When / As。 15. and  考查连词。句意:在高中学化学的时候,我重新考虑了自 己的目标并决定成为一名医生。“重新考虑”与“决定成为一名 医生”之间是顺承关系。故填and。 16. and  考查连词。句意:突然一个足球落在我前边并且差点打 到我。“足球落下来”与“打到我”两个动作是顺承关系。故 填and。 17. unless  考查状语从句。句意:汤姆是如此独立,以至于他从来 不征求父母的意见,除非他想得到他们的支持。根据句意可知 填unless。故填unless。 18. If  考查状语从句。句意:如果我们不阻止气候变化,世界上的 许多动植物将会消失。此处应该用if引导条件状语从句。句首 单词首字母大写。故填If。 19. so  考查状语从句。so that意为“以便,为了”,引导目的状语 从句,符合语境。故填so。 20. until / till  考查状语从句。句意:如果不了解某个事物,你可以 研究、学习、与他人探讨,直到弄清楚。until / till“直到……为 止”,引导时间状语从句,符合语境。故填until / till。 Ⅱ.     语篇导读:本文是一篇说明文。作者分析了外出就餐的代 价,并建议我们要尝试自己做饭,这样做不仅对自身健康有好处还 能节约开销。 1. who / that  考查定语从句。先行词是westerners(西方人),用who 或that引导限制性定语从句,并在从句中作主语。故填who / that。 2. than  考查介词。句意:许多来中国的西方人一旦意识到在外面 吃饭是多么便宜,他们做饭的次数就会比在自己国家少得多。 根据句意可知,此处为比较级。故填than。 3. visiting  考查非谓语动词。remember doing sth.记得做过某事。 故填visiting。 4. when  考查连词。此处为时间状语从句,表示“当……的时候”。 故填when。 5. While / Though / Although  考查连词。句意:近年来,尽管经常出 去吃饭对很多年轻人来说似乎已经很普遍了,但这并不是没有 代价的。此处引导让步状语从句,表示“虽然;尽管”;句首单词 首字母大写。故填While / Though / Although。 6. but  考查连词。句意:最明显的问题是钱;每周出去吃一两次 饭可能负担得起,但大多数时候都这样做负担会加重。前后语 义为转折关系。故填but。 7. higher   考查形容词比较级。“副词even +比较级”表示 “更……”,强调程度。even higher更高。故填higher。 8. If  考查状语从句。句意:如果你不打算遭受这个问题的困扰, 那么我建议你下次去你妈妈家吃晚饭的时候,向她学习一些烹 饪技巧。故填If。 9. for  考查介词。go to your mums home for dinner去你妈妈家吃 饭。for表示目的,意为“为了要;为了得到”。故填for。 10. but  考查连词。not only. . . but also. . .不但……而且……,为 固定搭配,also可省略。故填but。 Ⅲ. 1. and youre welcome to China in July 2. when praised,we reply with “Oh,no!”or “Im flattered.”to show good manners 3. when receiving a gift,we usually say “Its unnecessary.”as well as “Thanks.”to show politeness and then put it away 4. when drinking to someones health or success 5. If you do as the Romans do when in Rome,youll enjoy more of your stay here 第二讲  定语从句 考点突破·精讲即练 即时演练(一) 1. that / which  2. who  3. which  4. as  5. whose 即时演练(二) 1. when  2. where  3. why  4. where  5. when 即时演练(三) 1. on  2. for  3. in  4. to  5. which 集训夯基·素养提能 Ⅰ. 1. which / that  考查定语从句。句中先行词为“a place”,空处 关系词在定语从句中作主语,所以用关系代词which或that引 导。故填which / that。 2. where  考查定语从句。句中先行词为town,空处关系词在非限 制性定语从句中作地点状语,所以用关系副词where引导。故填 where。 3. as  考查定语从句。关系词引导非限制性定语从句,且有“                                                                          正 —156— ! " # $ % & ' ( ) * + , - . / ( ( ( ( English talent  (展现你的英语才能)and motivate students interest in English learning. During the party you will have a feast of varieties of 3. English activities well prepared by ourselves  (我们自己精心准备的英 语活动),including 4. reciting English poems  (背 诵英语诗歌)and singing famous English songs,which I think will surely give you a big surprise. Besides,Id like to remind you that the party starts at 6:30 p. m. and ends at 8:00 p. m.,so please come on time if it is convenient for you. Looking forward to 5. sharing with you the pleasant time at the party  (与你分享晚会中 的愉快时光)! Yours,            Li Hua 第三讲  动词的构词规律、情态动词和虚拟语气 !"#$%&'()     考点一  表示“使,使成为”的动词词缀 前缀en large→enlarge 扩大,放大,rich→ enrich 丰 富,sure→ensure保证,danger→endanger使 遭到危险,courage→encourage鼓励 后缀en short→ shorten缩短,dark→darken (使)变 黑,less→lessen减弱,worse→worsen恶化, deep→deepen加深,broad→broaden变宽, fright→frighten使惊恐 后缀ize / ise modern→modernize使现代化,apology→ apologize道歉,real→realize实现 后缀fy / ify class→classify将……分类,pure→purify净化,beauty→beautify美化 +!"#$ ( % ) 单句语法填空 1. The day celebrates the importance of families. It aims to deepen  (deep)peoples understanding of issues that are related to families. 2. In the process of creating the civilized city,we all should do our best to beautify   (beauty) our community. 3. I am about to apologize  (apology)to the boy,but he is gone. 4. Daily practice enables  (able)me to speak English fluently in class. 5. Gossip can also have a third effect:it rengthens  (strength)unwritten,unspoken rules about how people should act. 考点二  情态动词的5个基本用法 一、表示能力 1.表示现在的能力:can,am / is / are able to。 2.表示将来的能力:will be able to。 3.表示过去的能力:could表示过去的能力,不 表示是否成功地做了;was / were able to表示过去有 能力做而且成功地做了。 Im going to Europe on vacation together with John if I can have enough money. 如果我有足够的钱,我将和约翰一起去欧洲 度假。 二、表示可能和推测 1.表示肯定:can表示客观上的可能,意为“有 时会”;may / might / could表示可能;must表示一定; should / ought to表示应该。 2.表示否定:cant / couldnt表示不可能;may not / might not表示可能不;shouldnt / oughtnt to表示 应该不会。 3.表示疑问:can / could表示惊讶、怀疑、不相信 的态度。 It is usually warm in my hometown in March,but it can be rather cold sometimes. 在我的家乡,三月份通常很暖和,但有时也会 很冷。 三、表示提出请求、建议、发出指示、许可、禁止、 义务、责任 1.请求对方允许时用May / Can / Could I / we. . .? 2.主动提出帮忙或提出建议时用Shall I / we. . .? 3. 提出请求、问题、看法时用Will / Would you. . .?或Shall he / she / they. . .? 4. should / ought to表示义务或建议,意为“应 该”,shouldnt / oughtnt to表示不应该。 5. may / can表示允许、许可                                                       。 !)! ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ! ( ( ( " ( ( ( ! ( ( ( # 0 1 2 3 4 5 ( 6 7 8 9 6. must表示必须,mustnt表示禁止。 7. shall与第二、三人称连用,用于陈述句,表示 命令、警告、允诺、威胁;当宣布法律、规定时也常用 shall。 One of our rules is that every student shall wear school uniform while at school.(规定) 我们的其中一项规定是每位学生在校期间必须 穿校服。 四、表示必要性 1. must do sth.表示主观上认为“必须做某事”; have to do sth.表示因客观环境或事态促使而“不得 不做某事”。 2. neednt / dont have to表示“不必”。 You neednt get the machine repaired this week. I wont need it until next month. 这周你不必请人修理机器,我到下个月才用。 五、表示愿望、决心 will / would可与各种人称连用,表示主语的意志 或决心。will表示意愿时其否定形式为wont,通常 用于有生命体,但有时也用于无生命体,这时把无生 命体拟人化了。 —Why hasnt the cook arrived yet today? —She just wont come for such a low salary. ——为什么今天厨师还没来? ——这么低的薪水她不愿意来了。 !"#$ ( & ) 完成句子 1.安吉拉与西蒙进行了辩论,试图说服他改变 主意,但西蒙不愿意听。 Angela reasoned with Simon,trying to persuade him to change his mind,but Simon               would not listen to her  . 2.你不必道歉;任何人都可能迟到。过来坐下。 You dont have to apologize  ;it can happen to anybody to be late. Come and sit down. 3.如果您能考虑我的建议,我将不胜感激。 I would appreciate it  if you could consider my suggestion. 4.在这种情况下,如果说有什么话题最需要避 免,那一定就是大家的收入。 Under the circumstances,if there is any topic that most needs avoiding,it must be peoples income  . 5.我奶奶已经七十多岁了,但她仍然可以不戴 眼镜看书。 My grandma is over seventy,but she can still read without glasses  . 考点三  情态动词的6种特殊用法 1. can / could的否定式与比较级连用表示最 高级。 2. can / could的否定式与enough或too (much) 连用表示“再……也不为过”。 3. must可表示“偏要,硬要”,常用于疑问句或 条件状语从句。 4. may / might as well表示“最好;不妨”。 5. would可表示过去的习惯,与used to相比,前 者常表示过去反复的动作,后者常表示过去的状态 或习惯现在已不复存在。 6. should有时表示说话人对某事感到意外、惊 奇,意为“竟然会”。 I cant thank him too much. 我再怎么感谢他也不为过。 —Must you interrupt now?Cant you see Im on the phone? —Sorry,sir,but its urgent. ——你非得现在打断我吗?你没看见我在打电 话吗? ——对不起,先生,我有急事。 If you think the price of beef is too high,you may as well buy some pork. Its up to you. 如果你认为牛肉的价格太高,你不妨买些猪肉。 这取决于你。 He would get up early when he was in the country. 他住在乡下时常常早起。 !"#$ ( ' ) 完成句子 1.做实验时你越仔细越好。 You can not be too careful   when doing experiments. 2.就我个人而言,你最好抓住这个机会,否则一 旦错过就再也不会得到另外一个机会了。(seize) Personally I think you           may as seize the chance  ,or youll probably never get another once you miss it. 3.我们很惊讶,他对实验结果的预测竟然如此 准确。(precise) We are surprised that his prediction about the experiment result should be so precise                                                                           . !)( ! " # $ % & ' ( ) * + , - . / ( ( ( (     考点四  “情态动词+have done”的2类用法 一、对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测 must have done (过去)一定做过……;语气比较 肯定;用于肯定句 may(might) have done (过去)可能做过……;语气不确 定;用于肯定句或否定句 can(could) have done 用于否定句或疑问句,表示怀疑 或不确定     二、表示“与过去事实相反” could have done 过去本来可以做某事但实际 上没做 neednt have done 过去本不必做某事但实际上 做了 ought to / should have done 过去本应该做某事但实际上 没做 oughtnt to / shouldnt have done 过去不应该做某事但实际上 做了 might have done 过去可能做某事但实际上 没做     We could have faced the difficulty together,but why didnt you tell me? 我们本来可以一起面对困难,但是你为什么不 告诉我? Mark neednt have hurried. Driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early. 马克本不必着急。他开得飞快,早到了半小时。 !"#$ ( ( ) 单句语法填空 1. Your cousin must  have enjoyed his trip in Jixian County,didnt he?He looks amazingly different. 2. The spokesman did not regret what he had said at the conference but felt that he could e expressed  (express)it indirectly. 3. This may  have been an improvement,but “breakthrough”was an overstatement. 4. Im not feeling well in the stomach. I shouldnt have eaten  (eat)so much fried chicken just now. 5. You ought to have come  (come)to the party yesterday,but why didnt you come?     考点五  虚拟语气 一、虚拟语气用于条件句中的4种情况 1.虚拟语气在if条件句中的运用 类别 从句谓语动词 主句谓语动词 与现在事实相反过去式(be 用 were) should / would / could / might +动词原形 与过去事实相反 had +过去分词 should / would / could / might + have +过去 分词 与将来事 实相反 过去式(be 用 were) should + 动词 原形 were to +动词 原形 should / would / could / might +动词原形     If he had time now,he would (should / could / might)go with you. 如果他现在有时间,他会和你一起去的。(与现 在事实相反) If you had come a few minutes earlier,you would (should / could / might)have met the famous singer. 如果你早来几分钟,你就会见到那个著名歌手 了。(与过去事实相反) If it were to snow / should snow / snowed this evening, they would (should / could / might) not go out. 如果今天晚上下雪,他们就不会出去。(与将来 事实相反) 2.虚拟条件句中的省略与倒装 如果虚拟条件句中含有were / had / should,有时 可把if省略,把were / had / should提到主语之前形成 倒装;若为否定形式,not不可提前。 Had he caught the morning train,he would not have been late for the meeting. 要是他赶上了早晨的火车,那他开会就不会迟 到了。 3.错综时间条件句 有时条件句的动作与主句动作发生的时间不一 致,这时动词的形式应根据它们各自发生的时间加 以调整                                                                          。 !)) ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ! ( ( ( " ( ( ( ! ( ( ( # 0 1 2 3 4 5 ( 6 7 8 9 If we had booked a table earlier,we wouldnt be standing here in a queue. 如果我们早些订位子,现在也就不用站在这里 排队了。(if条件句是对过去的虚拟,而主句是对现 在的虚拟) 4.含蓄条件句 (1)有时假设的情况不用条件句表达,而是用 but for,without等介词(短语)来表示。 We wouldnt have finished the project on time without your timely help. 如果没有你的及时帮助,我们就不能按时完成 那项工程了。 (2)用连词otherwise,or等暗示下文与前面的 情况相反,从而引出下文的虚拟语气。 He reminded me of the meeting,otherwise I would have forgotten it. 他提醒了我会议的事,要不然我就忘了。 (3)虚拟条件通过but暗示出来,句型结构为 “虚拟情况+ but +真实情况”。 She would have come to see you,but she was so busy that day. 她本来想来看望你的,但那天她太忙了。 !"#$ ( ) ) 单句语法填空 1. I was busy finishing my paper that day. Otherwise I would have gone  (go)there with them. 2. If he had listened  (listen)to the teacher attentively yesterday,he would know the answer to the problem now. 3. If he had lain  (lie)quietly as the doctor instructed,he wouldnt suffer so much now. 4. Had you studied harder at college,you would / could get  (get)a better job now. 5. I might not have been wet then if I had taken  (take)my raincoat with me this morning. 二、虚拟语气用于名词性从句中的4种情况 1. 在“It is + important / necessary / natural / strange / essential / vital / a pity + that . . .”句型中,谓语 动词用“(should +)动词原形”。 Its vital that we (should) take our safety driving along the road seriously. 重视道路安全驾驶是至关重要的。 2.在would rather (that)后的宾语从句中,从句 的谓语动词如果表示现在或将来要发生的动作,从 句用一般过去时;如果表示过去发生的动作,从句用 过去完成时。 Id rather he had gone to the seaside with me the day before yesterday. 要是他前天和我一起去海边就好了。 3.句中含有以下单词或其变形时,该句中的名 词性从句(宾语从句、表语从句、主语从句、同位语从 句)部分常用虚拟语气,其谓语动词形式为“should +动词原形”,其中should可以省略。 4.动词wish后宾语从句中的虚拟语气 事实情况 从句谓语动词 与现在事实相反 过去式(be动词一般用were) 与过去事实相反 had +过去分词 与将来事实相反 would / could +动词原形     !"#$ ( * ) 单句语法填空 1. It is essential that these application forms (should)be sent  (send)back as early as possible. 2. It is strongly recommended that the machines (should)be checked  (check)every year. 3. How I wish I hadnt tried  (not,try)to repair the cellphone!I only made it worse. 4. My suggestion is that more people from all walks of life (should)be encouraged  (encourage) to finance the project with their deeper love for these children. 5. My husband is always talking about the economy,but Id rather he focused  (focus)more on                                                                          our childrens education. !)* ! " # $ % & ' ( ) * + , - . / ( ( ( (     三、3个特定句式中的虚拟语气 句型结构 过去虚拟 现在虚拟 将来虚拟 if only引导的 条件句及感 叹句 had +过去 分词 过去式(be动 词一般用 were) would / could / should / might +动 词原形 as if / though引 导的表语从句 及方式状语 从句 had +过去 分词 过去式(be动 词一般用 were) would / could / should / might +动 词原形 It is(high)time (that). . . 过去式或“should +动词原形”     【点津】 在虚拟语气中,关键词的意义和语境是判断句 子是否为虚拟语气的重点,解决此类问题要重点考 虑时间和主从句结构两个方面。     !"#$ ( , ) 单句语法填空 1. I felt so embarrassed when being blamed by my teacher in class. If only I had completed   (complete)my homework last night! 2. They stared at me as if I had come  (come) from the outer space. 3. Some animals are in danger of dying out,so it is high time that the government took / should take  (take)some measures to protect endangered animals.                                    *+,-%./01     Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.—I honestly dont think Im going to be admitted. —Well,you never know!You may have made  (make)a better impression than you think. 2. It used to be that you could  drive for miles here without seeing another person,but now there are houses and people everywhere. 3. Jim says we can  stay in his house as long as we leave it clean and tidy. 4. You shouldnt have scolded  (scold)him for his poor performance. After all,he had done his best. 5. If I hadnt been faced with so many barriers,I wouldnt be  (be)where I am. 6. The workers were not better organized, otherwise they would have accomplished   (accomplish)the task in half the time. 7. (江苏卷)What a pity!You missed the sightseeing,or we would have had  (have)a good time together. 8.(天津卷)I cant find my purse. I could / might have left  (leave)it in the supermarket yesterday,but Im not sure. 9.(北京卷)In todays information age,the loss of data can  cause serious problems for a company. 10.(北京卷)They might have found a better hotel if they had driven  (drive)a few more kilometers. 11.(江苏卷)Its strange that he should  have taken the books without the owners permission. Ⅱ.语法填空 情态动词和虚拟语气篇 I 1. need  not have worried before I came to the new school,for my classmates here are very friendly to me. Zhang Min is a fantastic dancer. I wish I 2. danced  (dance) as well as her. No one 3. can                                   be compared with her in dancing. Jack is !)# ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ! ( ( ( " ( ( ( ! ( ( ( # 0 1 2 3 4 5 ( 6 7 8 9 more of a talker than a doer. Teachers always tell him its high time that he 4. did / should do  (do) something instead of just talking. Every time I get close enough to hear them speaking Chinese,I 5. will  say “Ni Hao”to them. Teachers recommend that parents 6.(should)not allow  (not,allow) their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety. Students 7. must  obey school rules. Every student must wear school uniform while at school. If a student 8. didnt  (not) wear school uniform,he would be punished immediately. According to the rules, students 9. shall  get grades not lower than 85 in any subject in order to get the scholarship. It is beyond my imagination that students here 10. should  be so crazy about Harry Potter series like me. Ⅲ.写作运用(根据汉语提示完成下面短文,注 意情态动词和虚拟语气的运用) Dear Eric, Im Li Hua. Do you still remember me?I studied in your school for 3 months a couple of years ago. Im very grateful for your help during my study in the US. At that time,you often recommended that 1. I (should)make new friends and adapt to the new life  (我应该结交新 朋友和适应新生活). Without your help,2. I couldnt have enjoyed my life there so much  (我不可能那么享 受我在那儿的生活). Besides,if you hadnt helped me, 3. my English couldnt have improved so quickly  (我 的英语就不可能提高得那么快). By the way,do you know how everything is going with Mr. Smith?I failed to contact him after I left America. Id appreciate it 4. if you could offer me his e mail address or telephone number  (如果你能给我他的 邮箱地址或电话号码). I remember that you are very interested in Chinese culture. If you were free during this winter holiday,how I wish 5. you could come to China during the Spring Festival to experience Chinese culture  (你能在春节期间来中国体验中国文化)!I would rather that 6. you spent the Spring Festival with us happily  (你和我们一起欢度春节). Im sure it will be an unforgettable trip for you. I would be very happy 7. if you were to accept my invitation  (如果你接受 我的邀请). I am looking forward to your coming. Yours,                                          Li Hua 专题三   三大从句和特殊句式 第一讲  并列句和状语从句 !"#$%&'()     考点一  并列句的用法 并列句是由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简 单句构成的。在并列句中,这些简单句常由并列连 词(短语)连在一起。 并列连词 用法 例句 and,not only. . . but (also). . ., both. . . and. . .等 表并列、顺承 或递进关系 There the air is clean and the mountains are green. 那里空气清新,千山 一碧。 but,yet, whereas等 表转折关系 The failure was a big blow to him, but he wasnt discouraged and soon got as enthusiastic as ever. 这次失败对他是个很大 的打击,但他并没有气 馁,很快便像以前一样充 满热情                  。 !)$

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专题2.3 动词的构词规律、情态动词和虚拟语气-【衡中学案】2025年高考英语一轮总复习学案(人教版2019)
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专题2.3 动词的构词规律、情态动词和虚拟语气-【衡中学案】2025年高考英语一轮总复习学案(人教版2019)
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专题2.3 动词的构词规律、情态动词和虚拟语气-【衡中学案】2025年高考英语一轮总复习学案(人教版2019)
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