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UNIT 3 SPORTS AND FITNESS
(主题语境:人与社会——体育)
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Competitive Sports and Mass Sports
Including soccer,boxing,badminton,marathon,skiing,gymnastics and track and field,there seem to
be hundreds of sports for us. In stadiums,gyms,or homes,we can work out sweating all over. Competitive
sports mean that athletes must compete against each other for medals in championships or events in Olympics to
win honour and glory for their country,which needs not only skills and strength but also great determination.
However,success often comes along with error,stress,failure and injuries. Sometimes even a master may fall
apart,but he never loses heart. Finally he makes it and becomes a champion and legend,setting an example
to others. Compared with competitive sports,mass sports focus on fitness rather than competition. Millions of
people go jogging or do pushups to keep slim instead of going on a diet by cutting out fat. However,with no
audience to shout encouragement,they may give up. They cheat themselves into taking exercise the next day or
pretend to have done it otherwise,which doesnt make sense. However,even if you take exercise now and
then,it will make a difference and have positive effects,wont it?
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12.(3)
阅读词汇会认
1. event n.
2. track n. vi.& vt.
3. gymnasium n.
4. sweat vt. vi.
n.
5. athlete n.
6. master n. vt.
7. medal n.
8. captain n.
9. apart adv.
10. pretend vi. & vt.
11. million num.
12. cheat vi. vt.
n.
13. audience n.
14. positive adj.
15. slim adj.
16. diet n. vi.
17. rather adv.
18. jog vi. n.
重点词汇会写
1. n. 足球;足球运动
2. n.(pl. stadiums or stadia)体育场;运
动场
3. n. 拳击(运动)
4. n. 马拉松赛跑
5. adj. 滑雪的vi. 滑雪
6. 田径
7. n. 传奇故事(或人物);传说
8. n. 荣誉;光荣;赞美
9. adj. 优美的;优雅的
10. n. 错误;差错
拓展词汇会变
1. n.健康;健壮;适合→
adj.适合的;健康的vt. & vi.适合→
adj.不适合的
2. vt.主办;主持n.主人;东道主;节目
主持人→ n.女主人
3. n.荣誉;尊敬;荣幸→
adj.可敬的;体面的→ adj.受尊敬的
4. n.锦标赛;冠军赛;冠军称号→
n.冠军;优胜者
5. n.决心;决定→ v.决心
;
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决意→ adj.坚决的
6. vt.使受伤;损害→ adj.受
伤的;有伤的→ n.伤害;损伤
7. n.力量;体力→ v.增强→
adj.强壮的
8. n.失败;失败的人(或事物)→
v.失败
9. vi.竞争;对抗→ n.竞争;比赛→
n.竞争者;对手→ adj.竞争的
10. n.压力;紧张;重音vt.强调;重读;
使焦虑不安vi.焦虑不安→ adj.造成
压力的→ adj.感到压力的
运用巩固提能
1.(朗文当代)I was sweating (出汗)a lot despite
the airconditioning.
2.(2021·全国乙卷)All these stadiums (体育场)are
still functional,still open and still hosting (主办)
the biggest events (比赛项目)in world sport.
3.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)That is the only French phrase
I mastered (掌握),and its a shame I dont have
much use for it.
4.(牛津高阶)He pretended (假装)to his family
that everything was fine.
5.(剑桥高阶)She cheated (作弊)in the test by
copying from the boy in front.
6.(2022·浙江1月卷)More research is needed to see if
improved fitness (健康)could have a positive (积
极的)effect on the risk of dementia and also to look at
when during a lifetime a high fitness level is most
important.
7.(2022·全国乙卷)Every time I come to the track
(跑道),I feel like Im out of this place.
8.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Do you want to be a better
athlete (运动员)in your favorite sport?
9. (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Meanwhile,all the audience
(观众)were touched by his perseverance deeply and
applauded warmly.
10. It takes a lot of selfdiscipline to go jogging (jog)
in winter.
11. The soldier got injured in the battle and suffered
a serious injury in the left ankle.(injure)
12. I feel greatly honoured to be in charge of the
activity in honour of Qu Yuan.(honour)
13. The official is more aware of fitness than before
and he regularly works out in gyms to keep fit .
(fit)
14. Though the art show failed to attract as many
visitors as we had expected,it was far from being a
failure ;it was a great success.(fail)
15. More than 10,000 from different countries
came to Beijing and with each other in
the games for medals.(compete)
16. After a stressful week of work,all the employees
were extremely stressed and tired. They
complained that few could work efficiently under
stress .(stress)
17. Everyone has strengths and weaknesses. So we
should try our best to further strengthen the
former and improve the latter.(strength)
18. Three teams are involved in the chase for the
championship . Who will be the last champion
is not clear.(champion)
&'4(#&
写准记牢
1. 跟随;到达;进步;赶快
2. 锻炼;计算出;解决
3. 获得成功;准时到达
4. 树立榜样
5. 破裂;破碎;崩溃
6. 丧失信心;泄气
7. 放弃;投降
8. 有道理;合乎情理;表述清楚
9. 假装做某事
10. 即使;虽然
11. 有作用或影响
12. 而不是
13. 停止做(或使用、食用);剪下
14. 有时;偶尔
15. 与……比较
语境运用
1.(剑桥高阶)You should be a good
to your younger brother.
2.(朗文当代)UN negotiators have worked out a set
of compromise proposals.
3.(剑桥高阶)She made it to the airport just in time
to catch her plane.
4.(2020·北京卷)Over time,the bags fall apart
into countless tiny pieces,and fish can accidentally
eat some of them.
5.(柯林斯词典)She gave up her job to join her
husbands campaign.
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6.(朗文当代)Try not to lose heart ;there are plenty
of other jobs.
7.(2021·全国乙卷)But does one plastic straw or cup
really make a difference ?Artist Benjamin Von
Wong wants you to know that it does.
8.(朗文当代)Read this and tell me if it makes sense .
9. (剑桥高阶)Were you just pretending to be
interested?
10.(朗文当代)The police compared the suspects
fingerprints with
those found at the crime scene.
【词汇拓展记忆】
后缀en高频动词集锦 “事事”关心 “偶尔;有时”全接触
①shorten缩短
②deepen加深
③widen加宽
④broaden加宽
⑤lighten减轻
⑥lengthen加长
①incident n.事件;事变
the July 7th Incident七七事变
②accident n.事故
traffic accident交通事故
③event n.重大事件;比赛项目
sports event体育比赛项目
①at times
②on occasion
③occasionally
④once in a while
⑤from time to time
⑥now and then
567(89
原句译背
1. rather than而不是
Rather than cutting out the foods I enjoyed,I added
healthy foods to my meals.
2.现在完成进行时
The Boys and Girls Club which he started in Chicago
has been helping young people since 1996.
3. even if引导的让步状语从句
A soccer player should not pretend to fall down even
if it helps his / her team.
4. once引导的时间状语从句
Once I started thinking about fitness rather than
weight,things began to change.
5. by doing作状语
By being positive about myself and my body,I
became both happier and healthier.
仿写运用
1.(2021·北京卷)因此,向你的朋友、家人或同学提
出问题而不是去隐瞒问题可能是值得的。
Thus,it may be worth bringing up issues with your
friends,family members,or classmates rather than
holding them back .
2.(2021·全国乙卷)从古希腊时代起,人们就开始
涌入体育场。
People have been pouring into stadiums since the
days of ancient Greece.
3.(2023·北京卷)他们应该大力考虑那些重视高质
量教学的大学,即使这些学校的排名可能较低。
They should give strong consideration to universities
where highquality teaching is valued, even though /
if the schools may be ranked lower .
4.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)一旦你到达山顶,你看到的
滚动的云海会提醒你,我们人类是多么的渺小。
The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the
top will remind you how tiny we humans are.
5.(牛津高阶)按下这个开关启动它。
Switch it on by pressing
this button.
:;<=%>?@A
1. come along跟随;到达;进步;赶快
佳句背诵
(柯林斯词典)Theres a big product introduction today
and youre most welcome to come along.
今天有一个大型的产品介绍会,非常欢迎你来参加。
归纳拓展
come true实现
come up走近;被提出
come down(with)患(病);染上(小病
)
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come across偶然遇见
come about(某事)发生
come out出现;出版
come up with想出;提出
when it comes to sth. / doing sth.当谈到……的时候
多维训练
写出下列句子中come along的含义
①John wants to come along with us to the movie. 跟随
②It is lucky that you have finally come along. 到达
③My son has begun to come along very well in French
since the new teacher came. 进步
④Come along,or else we shall be late. 赶快
用come的相关短语填空
⑤(牛津高阶)How did it come about that he knew
where we were?
⑥(牛津高阶)When is the new edition coming out ?
写作运用提能
⑦(2022·全国甲卷)说到海洋,它的污染正变得越
来越严重。
When it comes to the ocean ,its pollution is
becoming more and more serious.
2. track n.跑道;足迹;铁路轨道vt. & vi.追踪;
跟踪
佳句背诵
(浙江卷改编)Zac tracks down the medals rightful
owners and returns them.
扎克追查到了这些勋章真正的主人,并归还了勋章。
归纳拓展
(1)be on the track of sb. / sth.追踪
keep track of掌握……的最新消息;了解……的动态
lose track of失去……的线索;忘记
field and track田径
on the right / wrong track思路对头/不对头
back on track重新步入正确轨道;恢复正常
(2)track sb. / sth.跟踪某人/某物
track sb. / sth. down追踪到,追查到
多维训练
单句语法填空
①(剑桥高阶)The burglars were careful not to leave
any tracks (track)behind them.
②(2022·全国乙卷)Simply keeping a diary that
keeps track of friends birthdays and other
important dates will make sure nothing slips by you.
③(朗文当代)The progress of each student
(track)by computer.
④(柯林斯词典)She had spent years trying to track
down her parents.
写作运用提能
⑤警察正在追踪窃贼。
3. honour n.荣誉;尊敬;荣幸vt.尊敬;给……以
荣誉
佳句背诵
I feel greatly honoured to have the precious opportunity
to deliver a speech here.(应用文之演讲稿)
能有宝贵的机会在这里发表演讲,我感到非常荣幸。
归纳拓展
(1)Its an honour for sb. to do sth.对某人来说做某
事很荣幸。
feel it an honour to do sth. 为做某事感到荣幸
in honour of. . .向……表示敬意;为纪念……
(2)be / feel honoured to do sth. 做某事感到荣幸
(3)honour sb. with sth. (for sth.)(因某事)给某
人……奖励/头衔/称号
(4)honourable adj.可敬的;高尚的
多维训练
单句语法填空
①(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Its been an honor to watch
the panda programme develop and to see the pandas
settle into their new home.
写作运用提能
②人们庆祝端午节纪念屈原,他是中国一位伟大的
诗人。(话题写作之传统节日)
People celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival in honour
of Qu Yuan ,who is a great Chinese poet.
③(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)我们很荣幸能邀请您加入
我们的节目。
Its a great honor for us to invite you to join us in
the program.(It is an honour for sb. to do)
→ I feel it a great honour to invite you to join us in
the program.(feel it an honour to do)
→ I feel greatly honoured to invite you to join us
in the program.(feel honoured to do)
4. fall apart破裂;破碎;崩溃
佳句背诵
The deal fell apart when we failed to agree on a price.
我们在价格上未能达成一致,生意没做成
。
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归纳拓展
(1)fall in love with喜欢上
fall behind落后
fall off从……落下
fall over被……绊倒,倒下
fall down摔倒,倒塌
fall ill / asleep生病/入睡
fall back on求助于,转而使用
(2)take sth. apart将……拆开
tell. . . apart分辨出……
set sb. apart使某人与众不同
tear sth. apart拆开……
apart from除……之外(都);远离
多维训练
短语填空夯基
①(朗文当代)The countrys economy is in danger
of falling apart .
②(剑桥高阶)Ray and sister Renee lived just 25 miles
apart from each other.
③(2019·天津高考)She couldnt wait to tear the
newspaper apart .
④(牛津高阶)At least we can fall back on candles
if the electricity fails.
⑤(柯林斯词典)Construction work fell behind
schedule.
5. determination n.决心;决定
佳句背诵
Sports teach us to accept challenges and face difficulties
with determination.
运动教会我们接受挑战,坚定地面对困难。
归纳拓展
(1)the determination to do sth.做某事的决心
with determination坚决地
(2)determine v.测定;决定;确定
determine to do. . .决定做……(表示动作)
determine on / upon (doing)sth. 决定(做)某事
(3)determined adj.坚决的;有决心的
be determined to do sth.决心做某事(表示状态)
多维训练
单句语法填空
① The determined (determine)look on his face
showed that he had enough confidence in himself.
②He determined on / upon facing the failure bravely
rather than escaping from reality.
写作运用提能
③(2021·全国甲卷)决心很好地组织这次主题班
会,我写信征求你关于哪些中国传统文化最吸引
外国人的意见。(过去分词短语作状语)
,
I am writing to ask you for advice on which Chinese
traditional cultures attract foreigners most.
④(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷,读后续写)听了我的话,大卫
看着比赛场,坚定地说:“我决定参加越野赛。”
Hearing what I said,David looked at the field and
said ,“I .”
6. injury n.伤害;损伤
佳句背诵
Though injured in the leg,he was determined to finish
the marathon.
尽管腿受了伤,他还是决心跑完马拉松。
归纳拓展
(1)do sb. an injury = do an injury to sb.伤害某人
(2)injure vt.使受伤;损害
(3)injured adj.受伤的;有伤的
get / be injured受伤
the injured受伤的人;伤员
多维训练
单句语法填空
①The captain recovered from his injuries (injure)
soon with the help of skilled doctors and nurses.
②Hearing he wasnt injured (injure) in the car
accident,everyone breathed a sigh of relief.
写作运用提能
③营救队像箭一样冲往现场,给伤者实施急救,然后
急忙把他们送往最近的医院。(读后续写之动作
链描写)
The rescue team dashed to the spot like arrows,
offered first aid to the injured and then rushed them
to the nearest hospital.
7. failure n.失败;失败的人(或事物)
佳句背诵
As a proverb goes,“ Failure is the mother of
success.”Work hard,and you will make progress.
正如一句谚语说的那样,“失败是成功之母”。努
力,你就会取得进步。
归纳拓展
(1)failure作可数名词,意为“失败者,失败的事”;
作
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不可数名词,意为“失败”。类似的词还有success,
surprise,honour,difficulty等。
(2)fail v.失败;不及格
fail to do sth.没做成某事
多维训练
单句语法填空
①(2022·浙江1月卷,应用文写作)I felt he treated
me as though I would hold him back and probably
make him fail to get (get)an A in the course.
②The athlete didnt win a medal or become a champion,
but the audience didnt view him as failure.
写作运用提能
③(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷,读后续写)这对双胞胎感到
沮丧,他们没做成一顿美味的母亲节早餐。
The twins felt depressed that they failed to cook a
delicious Mothers Day breakfast .
8. compete vi.竞争;对抗
佳句背诵
Life is like a long competitive race in which we
compete with / against others to go beyond ourselves.
(比喻;读后续写之主旨升华)
人生就像一场漫长的竞赛,我们与别人竞争,以超越
自己。
归纳拓展
(1)compete with / against sb.和某人竞争
compete for sth.为……而竞争
compete in sth.在……中竞争
(2)competitive adj.竞争的,竞争心强的;有竞争力的
(3)competitor n.竞争者,竞争对手;参赛者
competition n.竞争;竞赛,比赛
多维训练
单句语法填空
①As the youngest competitor ,John will compete in
the writing competition for the annual award of
writing. He must be very competitive so that he
can win.(compete)
②(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)The whistle went off and the
competitors (compete)began to take their places.
写作运用提能
③(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)尽管这是一场竞争激烈的
比赛,但是真正重要的不是冠军称号,而是参与者
在比赛中所展示出来的决心。
,what
really mattered was not the title of championship but the
determination that participants showed during the race.
9. give up放弃;投降
佳句背诵
(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Seeing his face filled with
anxiety,I knew David would give up participating in
the crosscountry team.
看到大卫焦虑的表情,我知道他会放弃参加越野队的。
归纳拓展
give in屈服,投降;上交
give out分发;用光;耗尽
give away赠送;泄露
give off散发(光和热等)
give way to给……让路
give sb. a hand帮某人一个忙
多维训练
单句语法填空
①Although he didnt admit that he had cheated in the
exam,his facial expression gave him away .
②On the edge of the jacket,there is a piece of cloth
which gives off light in the dark.
写作运用提能
③山脚处是一片热带雨林。它在3 000米处突然结
束,让位给低矮植物的土地。
At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3,000
meters, giving way to lands of low growing plants.
④(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷,读后续写)看到这对双胞胎
失望的脸庞,爸爸乐意帮助他们做早餐,并且温柔
地轻声说道:“亲爱的孩子们,不要向暂时的困难
屈服。”
Seeing the twins disappointed faces, the father
willingly gave them a hand to cook breakfast and
whispered gently,“My dear children, dont give in
to the temporary difficulty .”
⑤简的精力已经耗尽了。她的脚像灌了铅一样沉
重,她瘫坐在树旁,失控地哭起来。(读后续写之
情感描写)
Janes energy had given out . Her feet felt as heavy
as lead and she slumped beside a tree,weeping
without control.
10. make sense有道理;合乎情理;表述清楚
佳句背诵
This sentence just doesnt make sense,no matter how
you read it.
不管你怎么读,这个句子就是讲不通
。
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归纳拓展
make sense of弄懂……的意思
make for走向;冲向
make it获得成功;准时到达
make a / no difference有/没有作用或影响
make ones way前往;成功
make sure确信;一定
make up组成;补偿;编造;化妆;和解
make out(勉强)辨认出,分清,听清
多维训练
用make的相关短语填空夯基
①Pretending to have understood what your teacher said
doesnt make sense .
②His words puzzled me so much that I had a hard time
making sense of what he really meant.
③Despite a strong wind,we still made it to the
airport on schedule yesterday.
④(牛津高阶)He could just make out three people
through the mist.
⑤(牛津高阶)She tried to make up for her shabby
treatment of him.
写作运用提能
⑥有时仅仅一点善举也很有意义,使得这个世界更
加美丽和谐。(读后续写之升华句)
Sometimes only a little kindness can make a great
difference ,making the world more beautiful and
harmonious.
11. cut. . . out停止做(或使用、食用);剪下
佳句背诵
To keep physically healthy,the experts strongly suggest
cutting out alcohol in our daily life.
为了保持身体健康,专家们强烈建议在日常生活中
戒酒。
归纳拓展
cut across穿过(某地)(尤指抄近路)
cut back on减少;减低
cut in插嘴
cut off中止;切掉;使……与外界隔绝
cut up切碎;严重地打伤;使伤心
cut down砍倒;削减;缩小(尺寸、数量等)
多维训练
用cut的相关短语填空夯基
①I usually cut across the park on my way home so
that I can arrive home early.
②She kept on cutting in on our conversation,which
made us very annoyed.
③ The captain cut up the meat in his plate
impatiently to show his anger.
④His company will shut down if the water supply
.
⑤(2022·浙江1月卷)Kim Cobb,a professor at the
Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta,is one of
a small but growing minority of academics who are
cutting back on their air travel because of climate
change.
⑥(2022·全国Ⅱ卷)Think of your first draft as a path
cut out of the jungle—as part of an exploration,not
as a complete highway.
⑦(2022·全国乙卷)Some drinks companies cut down
on their production to respond to the sugar tax.
12. A soccer player should not pretend to fall
down even if it helps his / her team.
足球运动员不应该假装摔倒,即使这对他/她
的球队有帮助。
佳句背诵
Even if / though I was so frightened as to tremble all
over / so frightened that I trembled all over, I still
gathered up all my courage,stepped on the stage and
began my speech.
即使我吓得浑身颤抖,我仍然鼓起勇气,走上舞台,
开始了我的演讲。(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)
归纳拓展
even if意为“尽管;即使”,相当于even though,引导
让步状语从句。
as if意为“好像”,相当于as though,引导方式状语
从句或表语从句。
多维训练
单句语法填空
①(2022·全国Ⅱ卷)As we age,even if / though
were healthy,the heart just isnt as efficient in
processing oxygen as it used to be.
② He wont come to our party even if invited
(invite).
写作运用提能
③(牛津高阶)尽管她有时可能很烦人,但我还是喜
欢她。
I like her,
.
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Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.(2023·全国甲卷)Terri Bolton is a dab hand when
it comes to DIY (doityourself).
2.(2022·全国乙卷)For a period of time,as a young
athlete,I didnt know what to do. I lost focus. But
now,Im back on the track.
3.(2022·浙江1月卷)Five percent of the highly fit
women developed dementia, compared to 25
percent of the women with medium fitness and 32
percent of the women with low fitness.
4.(2022·全国甲卷)The next step,according to the
researchers,is to try and work out whether the
cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues(线索),or
also use a sense of touch in making their shape
selections.
5.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Were honored to have
(have)Emma Wilson here.
6.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷,读后续写)Come on!You can
make it !We are proud of you!
7.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷,读后续写)His coach heard
what David said and gave me a look—the kind that
was more determined (determine ) than
anyone elses.
8.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)When I finally finished the
essay,the thought of winning had given way to the
enjoyment of writing.
9.(2022·全国乙卷)Todays figures,according to
one government official,show the positive influence
the sugar tax is having by raising millions
(million)of pounds for sports facilities(设施)and
healthier eating in schools.
10.(江苏卷)Some social apps were popular among the
children even though / if they supposedly require
users to be at least 13.
Ⅱ.语境辨义练
1.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思
①(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)“The reason why you
should show up is that you have made full
preparations for this event,”I added in a sincere
voice.
②(2021·全国甲卷)And the more we look,the
more we will see that social factors (因素) like
gender, race, and class do not determine the
appearance of genius.
③(2020·江苏卷)Zhang Zhongjing has been
honored as a master doctor since the Eastern Han
Dynasty.
④(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Giant pandas also serve as
an umbrella species(物种),bringing protection to a
host of plants and animals in the southwestern and
northwestern parts of China.
⑤(山东高考卷)William found it increasingly
difficult to read,for his eyesight was beginning to
fail.
⑥She tried to be brave,but her courage failed her.
2.选出work out的汉语意思
A.锻炼 B.制定出 C.进展顺利 D.解决
①With great efforts the scientist worked out the
problem. D
②(2022·全国甲卷)Countries should team up with
one another to work out practical plans regarding
ocean protection. B
③ Whats more, the more you work out, the
healthier you will become. A
④(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)Although it was a hard time
and things were tight for everybody, Bernards
business worked out quite well.
C
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Ⅰ.应用文写作运用(征文投稿——介绍新体育馆)
1.利用本单元所学知识翻译句子
①我们学校有1 000多名学生,他们渴望参加像
打羽毛球这样的户外活动。(定语从句)
②在过去,即使我们想做运动,由于缺乏合适的体育
设施,我们只能待在室内。(even if引导让步状语从
句)
③一旦我们学校建成了新的体育馆,
我们就能做
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各种各样的运动了。
④很多学生会去体育馆锻炼,而不是待在室内打
游戏。
⑤通过这样做,我们不但增强了体力,而且成功保
持身材苗条。(by doing作状语)
⑥与过去相比,我们现在过着幸福健康的生活。
2.
使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇
Ⅱ.读后续写微写作
动作描写之“动动头”
素材积累
高
级
词
块
1. shake ones head摇头 2. nod ones head点头
3. drop / lower / bend / bow / hang ones head低头 4. His head drooped.他耷拉着脑袋。
5. lift / raise ones head抬头 6. turn / twist ones head转头
7. bury ones head in ones hands手捂着头 8. stick ones head out探头
9. rest ones head on hands以手托头 10. throw ones head back后仰
11. clutch ones head(痛苦地)以手抓头 12. pat ones head拍一拍头
13. tilt ones head歪着脑袋 14. duck ones head低下头
15. stroke ones head摸了摸头 16. rest ones head on / against把头靠在……上面
17. scratch ones head挠了挠头 18. head for / towards朝……走去
19. clear ones head清醒头脑 20. ones head spins天旋地转
素材运用
第一步 按要求完成下列句子。
1.史蒂文低着头,眼里含着泪,慢慢地向公交车
走去。
Steven walked slowly to the bus, his head down ,
tears in his eyes.(独立主格)
2.他的朋友John向他点头微笑。
His friend,John, nodded his head and smiled at
him .
3.他心情不好,低下头来掩饰,勉强笑了一下。
Though he was in a bad mood, he dropped / hung /
lowered his head to hide it and managed a smile .
4.回到家中,他把头埋到被子底下,假装睡着了。
When he got home, ,
pretending to be asleep.
5.他的母亲停下了家务活,满眼诧异地抬起头。
His mother stopped her housework, raising her head
with surprise in her eyes .(动词ing短语作状语)
6.史蒂文起来坐在母亲身边,将头靠在她的肩膀上,
哭泣起来。
Steven rose,sat close to his mother and rested his
head on / against her shoulder,weeping .
第二步 将以上各句合并成小短文并背诵,注意使
用合适的衔接过渡词汇
。
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真题感悟
(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five
Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner”. One reason
was:“Youll actually show up if you know someone is
waiting for you at the gym,”while another read:“1. C ”
With a workout partner,you will increase your training
effort as there is a subtle (微妙)competition.
So,how do you find a workout partner?
First of all,decide what you want from that
person. 2. D Or do you just want to be physically fit,
able to move with strength and flexibility?Think about
the exercises you would like to do with your workout
partner.
You might think about posting what you are
looking for on social media,but it probably wont result
in a useful response. 3. B If you plan on working out
in a gym,that person must belong to the same gym.
My partner posted her request on the notice board
of a local park. Her notice included what kind of
training she wanted to do,how many days a week and
how many hours she wanted to spend on each session,
and her age. It also listed her favorite sports and
activities,and provided her phone number. 4. G
You and your partner will probably have different
skills. 5. F Over time,both of you will benefit—
your partner will be able to lift more weights and you
will become more physically fit. The core (核心)of
your relationship is that you will always be there to help
each other.
A. Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B. A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C. Youll work harder if you train with someone else.
D. Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite
sport?
E. How can you write a good “seeking a training
partner”notice?
F. Just accept your differences and learn to work with
each other.
G. Any notice for a training partner should include such
information.
理清脉络
语言能力
(一)高级词块
1. show up露面;显现
2. look for寻找
3. result in导致,造成
4. plan on打算,计划
5. work out锻炼;解决;算出;实现;弄懂
6. belong to属于
7. over time随着时间的流逝,久而久之
8. close by在附近;接近于;在……近旁
(二)长难句突破
Her notice included what kind of training she
wanted to do,how many days a week and how many
hours she wanted to spend on each session, and
her age.
分析:这是一个复合句,主句谓语动词是 ;
what、how many引导了宾语从句 。
翻译:
温馨提示:复习至此,请完成练案[4]
!%"
been to Borneo”可知,此处指作者家乡那些从未去过婆罗洲的
人。folk意为“人们”,符合语境。victim受害者;opponent反对
者;guide向导。故选C。
15. B 根据上文内容和空后的“a hungry crocodile in the wild”可
知,此处指的是作者在野外遇到了一只饥饿的鳄鱼。encounter
意为“遇到”,符合语境。challenge向……挑战;terrify使恐惧;
chase追赶。故选B。
Ⅲ. 语篇导读:本文主要介绍了一些徒步旅行的好处,作者建
议我们去徒步旅行。
1. D 根据下文每段的首句可知,下文介绍徒步旅行的好处,由此
可知,此处总起下文,指出徒步旅行具有好处。D项(下列是你
能从徒步旅行中得到的好处。)衔接上下文,符合语境。故选D。
2. F 根据上文“Hiking keeps your brain sharper than many other
forms of exercise. As a professional writer,although I am busy with
my work,I often spare some time to hike.”可知,本句应承接上文
说明徒步旅行给作者的大脑带来的好处。F项(它不仅让我感
觉很好,还帮助我使大脑处于最佳状态。)语义衔接连贯,符合语
境。故选F。
3. B 根据文章结构可知,此处应和第二、四、五段首句的句式相
同,总说徒步旅行的某点好处;再结合下文“Exercise in general
can be a good way to decrease stress. But what sets hiking apart from
other forms of exercise is that hiking can happen almost anywhere
and give you the happiness that you can take from nature.”可知,本
段的主旨是徒步可以带来快乐。B项(徒步旅行能让你保持冷
静和快乐。)能概括本段内容,符合语境。故选B。
4. E 根据段落主题句“Hiking can increase your creativity.”以及设空
处后的“Sometimes,ideas relevant to music come up from unconscious
places when Im not deliberately thinking.”可知,此段是介绍徒步旅
行能提高创造性。E项(事实上,我的很多歌都是在小路上徒步时
写的。)与创造性有关,符合语境,且E项中的songs与下文的music
相呼应。故选E。
5. C 根据下文“it increases our connection to nature”以及“That
means experiences in nature—like hiking—can be mutually(相互
地)beneficial,helping people and the earth.”可知,徒步旅行增
加了我们与自然的联系,对地球有利。C项(除此之外,徒步旅
行间接地有益于地球。)承接上下文,符合语境。故选C。
Ⅳ.【写作提示】
主要事件埃兹里、奥利弗以及他们的爸爸布兰登
主要事件
布兰登在两个孩子的央求下带他们去山里徒步,上
山很顺利,下山时为了满足孩子们钓鱼的愿望而临
时更改路线,他们一直沿着走的小溪变成了湍急的
瀑布,他们为了下山而滚落受伤,手机没有信号,背
包也丢了。
情节分析
根据两段提示语可知,通过爸爸的努力,孩子们最终
获救。故第一段内容可描写爸爸努力寻求帮助的过
程;第二段内容则描写孩子们如何获救,并进行一定
的主旨升华。
参考范文:
To save the kids,Brandon realized he had to look for a way out
alone. After he made the decision,he wrapped his coat around the kids
and kissed each of them on the forehead.“Stay here,no matter what.
Ill go for help,”he repeated several times in a trembling voice. In the
following hours,Brandon walked through the bush blindly and even
suffered another bad fall on the way. Fortunately,he landed on his
back safely. Exhausted and bloodied,he emerged from the forest and
bumped into a family of hikers,who called 911.
A helicopter with the father and many volunteers set off
immediately. On the return trip,Brandon anxiously described the
general location of the children to the rescuers. “If only I hadnt left
them!” he said regretfully. Finally, after a long search, they
successfully located the poor children. Knowing this,the father leapt
up, laughing and crying. Upon the helicopters arrival,Brandon
jumped off and ran to embrace his children,moved to see so many
strangers in bright red jackets. Every time he thinks of bright red
jackets,he would feel he was not alone and theres always someone out
there who is willing to help.
UNIT 3 SPORTS AND FITNESS
必备知识·巧记活用
1 立体巧记单词
阅读词汇会认
1.比赛项目;大事;公开活动 2.跑道;足迹;铁路轨道 追踪;跟
踪 3.健身房;体育馆 4.使出汗;出汗弄湿 出汗;流汗 汗水;
出汗 5.运动员;运动健儿 6.高手;主人 精通;掌握 7.奖章;
勋章 8.(运动队)队长;船长;机长 9.分离;分开;成碎片
10.假装;装扮 11.一百万 12.作弊;舞弊 欺骗;蒙骗 欺骗手
段;骗子 13.观众;听众 14.积极的;正面的;乐观的;肯定的
15.苗条的;单薄的 16.规定饮食;日常饮食 节食 17.相当;有
点儿 18.慢跑 慢跑
重点词汇会写
1. soccer 2. stadium 3. boxing 4. marathon 5. ski 6. track and
field 7. legend 8. glory 9. graceful 10. error
拓展词汇会变
1. fitness fit unfit 2. host hostess 3. honour honourable
honoured 4. championship champion 5. determination determine
determined 6. injure injured injury 7. strength strengthen
strong 8. failure fail 9. compete competition competitor
competitive 10. stress stressful stressed
运用巩固提能
1. sweating 2. stadiums hosting events 3. mastered 4. pretended
5. cheated 6. fitness positive 7. track 8. athlete 9. audience
10. jogging 11. injured injury 12. honoured honour
13. fitness fit 14. failed failure 15. competitors competed
competitive 16. stressful stressed stress 17. strengths strengthen
18. championship champion
2 语境助记短语
写准记牢
1. come along 2. work out 3. make it 4. set an example 5. fall
apart 6. lose heart 7. give up 8. make sense 9. pretend to do sth.
10. even if / though 11. make a difference 12. rather than
13. cut. . . out 14. now and then 15. compare. . . with / to. . .
语境运用
1. setting example 2. worked out 3. made it 4. fall apart 5. gave up
6. lose heart 7. make a difference 8. makes sense 9. pretending to
10. compared with
3 仿写速记句式
原句译背
1.我在我的三餐中添加了健康的食物,而不是不吃我喜欢的食物。
2.他在芝加哥所创建的“男孩女孩俱乐部”从1996年至今一直在
帮助年轻人。 3.足球运动员不应该假装摔倒,即使这对他/她的
球队有帮助。 4.一旦我开始考虑健康而不是体重,事情就有了
变化。 5.通过积极看待自我和自己的身体,我变得更快乐、更健
康了。
仿写运用
1. rather than holding them back 2. have been pouring into stadiums
3. even though / if the schools may be ranked lower 4. once you are at
the top 5. by pressing
核心考点·讲练提升
1.①跟随 ②到达 ③进步 ④赶快 ⑤come about ⑥coming
out ⑦When it comes to the ocean 2.①tracks ②of ③is tracked
④down ⑤Police are on the track of (= searching for)the thieves.
3.①an ②in honour of Qu Yuan ③Its a great honour for us We
feel it a great honour We feel greatly honoured 4.①falling apart
②apart from ③tear apart ④fall back on ⑤fell behind
5.①determined ② on / upon ③Determined to organize the theme
class meeting wonderfully ④with determination determined to run
the crosscountry race 6. ① injuries ② injured ③offered first aid
to the injured 7. ① to get ② a ③ failed to cook a delicious
Mothers Day breakfast 8.①competitor competition competitive
②competitors ③Although / Though / While this was a competitive race
9.①away ② off ③ giving way to ④ gave them a hand to cook
breakfast dont give in to the temporary difficulty ⑤Janes energy
had given out 10.①make sense ②making sense of ③made it
④make out ⑤make up ⑥only a little kindness can make a great
difference 11.①cut across ②cutting in ③cut up ④is cut off
⑤cutting back on ⑥cut out ⑦cut down 12.①if / though
②invited ③even if / though she can be annoying at times
关键能力·对点习得
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1. it 考查固定搭配。句意:在DIY方面,特里·博尔顿是个能手。
when it comes to. . .“当谈论到……时”。
2. on 考查介词短语。句意:有一段时间,作为一个年轻的运动
员,我不知道该做什么。我失去了注意力。但是现在,我又回到
了正轨。be back on the track“回到正轨”。
3. to 考查固定短语。句意:高度健康的女性中有5%患了痴呆
症,而中等健康的女性中有25%患了痴呆症,而低健康的女性中
有32%患了痴呆症。compared to“与……相比”。
4. out 考查动词短语。句意:根据研究人员的说法,下一步是试图弄
清楚凤头鹦鹉是完全依赖视觉线索,还是也使用触觉来选择形状。
work out“弄清楚”。
5. to have 考查非谓语动词。句意:我们很荣幸请到了艾玛·威
尔逊。此处不定式作原因状语
。
—775—
6. it 考查固定搭配。句意:来吧!你能做到的!我们为你感到骄
傲!make it“成功”。
7. determined 考查词性转换。句意:他的教练听到了大卫的话,看了
我一眼——那种比任何人都坚定的眼神。系动词用形容词作表语。
8. to 考查固定短语。句意:当我终于写完这篇文章时,获胜的念
头已经让位于写作的乐趣。give way to“让步于,让位于”。
9. millions 考查数词。根据一位政府官员的说法,今天的数据显
示了糖税的积极影响,它为体育设施和学校的健康饮食筹集了
数百万英镑。millions of“数以百万计的”。
10. though / if 考查固定句式。句意:一些社交应用程序在孩子中
很受欢迎,尽管它们应该要求用户至少13岁。even if / though
“即使;尽管”。
Ⅱ.语境辨义练
1.①n.比赛项目 ②vt.影响 ③n.高手 ④许多;大量 ⑤vi.
(健康)衰退,变弱 ⑥vt.使失望,有负于
2.①D ②B ③A ④C
核心素养·双写培优
Ⅰ.应用文写作运用
1.①There are more than 1,000 students who desire to join in outdoor
activities like playing badminton in our school. ② In the past,
even if we wanted to do sports,we had to stay indoors for lack of
proper sports facilities. ③Once our school has built a new gym,
we can play various kinds of sports. ④Instead of staying indoors
playing games,many students will go to the gym to work out.
⑤By doing so,not only do we build up our strength but also we
keep slim successfully. ⑥Compared with the past,we are living
a happy and healthy life.
2.参考范文:
There are more than 1,000 students who desire to join in
outdoor activities like playing badminton in our school. In the past,
even if we wanted to do sports,we had to stay indoors for lack of
proper sports facilities. Once our school has built a new gym,we can
play various kinds of sports. Nowadays,instead of staying indoors
playing games,many students will go to the gym to work out. By
doing so,not only do we build up our strength but also we keep slim
successfully.
In short,compared with the past,we are living a happy and
healthy life.
Ⅱ.读后续写微写作
素材运用
第一步 1. his head down 2. nodded his head and smiled at him
3. he dropped / hung / lowered his head to hide it and managed a smile
4. he buried his head under the quilt 5. raising her head with surprise
in her eyes 6. rested his head on / against her shoulder,weeping
第二步 参考范文:
Steven walked slowly to the bus,his head down,tears in his
eyes. His friend,John,nodded his head and smiled at him. Though he
was in a bad mood,he dropped his head to hide it and managed a
smile. When he got home,he buried his head under the quilt,
pretending to be asleep. However,his mother stopped her housework,
raising her head with surprise in her eyes. Then Steven rose,sat close
to his mother and rested his head on / against her shoulder,weeping.
直击高考·精准落实
真题感悟
1. C 根据空后一句“有一个健身伙伴,你将会训练得更努力,因为
你们之间有一种微妙的竞争。”可知,C项(如果你和别人一起训
练,你会更努力。)符合语境。故选C。
2. D 根据空后一句“Or do you . . . and flexibility?”可知,设空处也
应是一般疑问句,是对本段首句的进一步解释。由此可知,D项
(你想在你最喜欢的运动项目上成为一名更好的运动员吗?)符
合语境。故选D。
3. B 根据空后一句“如果你打算在健身房锻炼,那个人(你的伙
伴)一定得是同一个健身房的。”可知,设空处内容应该与健身伙
伴所在的位置有关。由此可知,B项(健身伙伴通常需要住在附
近。)符合语境。故选B。
4. G 空前介绍了作者的健身伙伴发布的寻找健身伙伴的帖子的
内容,因此设空处也应与帖子内容有关。故G项(任何寻找训练
伙伴的通知都应包括这些信息。)符合语境。故选G。
5. F 根据空前一句“你和你的伙伴可能有不同的技能。”可知,F
项(接受你和健身伙伴之间的不同之处并且学会彼此合作。)符
合语境。故选F。
语言能力
(二)included 宾语从句 她的通知包括她想做什么样的训练,每
周多少天,每次训练要花多少小时,以及她的年龄。
练案[4]
Ⅰ. A
语篇导读:文章介绍了跑步、游泳、拳击和划船这四项可以燃
烧最多卡路里的运动。
1. C 细节理解题。根据“Running”部分中的“from 500 to 1,000
calories in one hour of running”“Swimming”部分中的“500 to 600
calories in just 30 minutes”,“Boxing”部分中的“400 to 800 calories
in a onehour session”和“Rowing”部分中的“An hour of rowing will
burn 400 to 600 calories on average”可知,游泳每小时燃烧1 000—
1 200卡,是四项运动中燃烧卡路里最多的。故选C。
2. C 细节理解题。根据“Swimming”部分中的“Swimming is a
workout that produces the lowest impact on body”可知,游泳是一种
对身体影响最小的体育运动,即游泳的好处为影响最小。故
选C。
3. D 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“If you always sit indoors for
too long,putting on weight may become a trouble. Tired of all that
fat?”可知,本篇文章是写给体重超标者的。故选D。
B
语篇导读:本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者第一次
参加马拉松比赛的经历。
4. A 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“At that time,I was an
excellent 400meter runner at high school,but got it into my head
that I should try the longer distance to prove that I was really good at
running—and whats better than the marathon.”可知,作者认为参
加马拉松比赛是一个展示自己的跑步天赋的好机会。故选A。
5. D 细节理解题。根据第四段第一、二句“The race day was
somewhat cloudy,but the warmth of the people forced away the
clouds. My limited memories from that first race remain. . . whats
important,the unbelievable kindness of the crowds cheering me on
as I hit the wall and tried to struggle through.”可知,对于作者来说
重要的是,当精疲力竭却仍努力坚持时,人群为他欢呼;由此可
知,观众对作者的热情鼓励让他印象深刻。文中的“whats
important”与题干中的“impressed”相呼应。故选D。
6. A 推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“Whether youre an
experienced marathoner or just an interested passerby,I invite you
to participate in the website and make it your home.”可知,作者创
建网站旨在为对跑步感兴趣的人提供一个联系的平台,即团结
跑步爱好者。故选A。
7. B 标题归纳题。根据第一段第一句“At 18,I competed in my first
marathon in Dublin,Ireland.”和最后一段第一句“After my first
marathon,I started a website based on my love for running.”可知,本
文主要讲述了作者第一次参加马拉松比赛的故事。故选B。
C
语篇导读:本文主要介绍了中国古代的蹴鞠运动及其特点。
8. A 词义猜测题。由画线短语所在句“Kicking a ball can be found
everywhere whether just a ball of cloth,or a skin stuffed with
feathers or air.”可知,此处表示在世界的每一个角落都能看到踢
球这一运动,然后提出了几种球的类型。结合常识可知,此处表
示用羽毛或空气填充的球,A项与画线短语意思最为接近。故
选A。
9. D 细节理解题。结合第二段中的“But complex games and team
sports have tended to arise in big civilizations”可知,复杂的游戏和
团队运动往往在庞大的文明中出现,由此可知,是文明促进了复
杂游戏的诞生。故选D。
10. B 细节理解题。结合第三段中的“The members were often
young men from wealthy families”可知,蹴鞠队的成员通常是来
自富裕家庭的年轻男子。故选B。
11. D 主旨大意题。根据第五段内容,特别是“the key qualities of
mercy and courtesy,‘the spirit of the game’,‘Ten Essentials of
Kickball’”等关键信息可知,本段重点讲述了在古代蹴鞠运动
的特点。故选D。
Ⅱ. 语篇导读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了新手跑步
者常犯的错误。
1. B 上文“Running is a great way to get in shape and just about
everyone can do it. However,many make a number of common
mistakes,which can interfere(妨碍)with training or lead to injury.
(跑步是保持体形的好方法,几乎每个人都可以做到。然而,许
多人会犯一些常见的错误,这些错误可能会干扰训练或导致受
伤。)”指出跑步时有些人会犯一些常见的错误,这些错误可能会
干扰训练或导致受伤,由本段标题“Common Mistakes New
Runners Make(新跑步者常犯的错误)”可知,本文主要指出新跑
步者会犯的错误,根据下文“keep these things in mind to help you
increase your chances of running success.(记住这些事情可以帮助
您增加跑步成功的机会。)”可知,空处是状语从句,B项“如果
你刚刚开始”符合,是下文的条件,同时也符合主题,即如果你是
新跑步者,本文的建议会帮助你增加成功跑步的机会。故选B。
2. G 上文“One of the biggest mistakes new runners make is doing too
much too soon. Slowly easing into a training program will help
reduce the risk of injury,so you can continue on with your new
running routine.(新跑步者犯的最大错误之一就是跑得太多太
快。慢慢地进入训练计划将有助于降低受伤风险,这样您就可
以继续新的跑步习惯。)”指出刚开始跑步的人会跑得太快,
所以
—875—