第三章 一 (一)高频亮词精学精练-【金版教程】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语应用文写作高分设计课件PPT（基础版）

WELCOME UNIT 第三章　应用文写作——知识 与技能 (一)高频亮词精学精练 【词汇助记】 前缀im­ 跟“in－”是同一对变体词汇，因此它可以理解为 “在内部”；词根－press，其实就是动词“按压”的意思。合并 起来后，impress便可以理解为“把东西按压在别人的内心里面”， 因此翻译成“给……留下深刻的好印象”。 【升级语境】 应用文写作中经常会用到赞美某人或某物的好，可以用impress来升级和替换good, very good, nice, excellent这些简单的词汇。 1．impress v. 给……留下深刻印象；使意识到；使铭记→impressed adj. 有深刻的好印象→impressive adj. 令人印象深刻的→impression n. 印象 【词不离句】 (1)Most of the candidates failed to impress the judges with their stunning skills. 大多数候选人都未能以惊人的技巧给评委留下深刻印象。 (2)The tutor impressed on him the importance of practice. 导师让他认识到练习的重要性。 (3)Her mother's words impressed her that all she had done would finally pay. 她母亲的话让她知道她所做的一切都将会有好的结果。 (4)I was very impressed with the talent of Michael Ball. 我对迈克尔·鲍尔的天赋印象极为深刻。 (5)Our impressive performance earned us international fame. 我们令人印象深刻的表演为我们赢得了国际声誉。 (6)Every historical site he has visited makes a deep impression on him. 他参观过的每一处古迹都给他留下了深刻的印象。 【重点搭配】 ①impress sb with ... 使某人钦佩……；以……给某人留下深刻印象 ②impress sth on/upon sb 使某人意识到某事/物的(重要性) ③It impresses sb that ... 让某人印象深刻的是…… ④be impressed with/by 对……印象深刻 ⑤give/make/leave a deep impression on/upon sb 给某人留下深刻的印象 ⑥what impresses sb most is that ... 最让某人印象深刻的是…… 【语用迁移】 (1)我有信心的是迎新会一定会给你留下深刻的印象。 I'm confident that the welcome party will surely _____________________________ ________________. (impression) ＝I'm confident that the welcome party will surely __________________. (impress) ＝I'm confident that you will surely ______________________________________. (impressed) give/make/leave a deep impression on/upon you impress you a lot be impressed with/by the welcome party (2)让我印象深刻的是他们在比赛中的精彩表现赢得了阵阵掌声。 _________________________ was that their wonderful performance won storms of applause in the competition. (what; impress) ＝___________________ that their wonderful performance won storms of applause in the competition. (it; impress) (3)盛大的元宵节游行一定会给你留下深刻印象。 The grand lantern festival parade will _______________________. (bound; impress) ＝The grand lantern festival parade will ___________________________________ _______________________ . (bound; impression) What impressed me most It impressed me most be bound to impress you be bound to give/make/leave a deep impression on/upon you 【词汇助记】 几种记忆的方法：①读音记忆，美音(/'skedʒuːl/)和英音(/'ʃedjuːl/) 发音不同，可以对比记忆；②联想记忆， 比如有人为了记住这个 单词，把它说成是： 嘶(s), 车(che)堵(du)了(le), 耽误了“日程表”或 “时刻表”；③英语解词： sch－联系school, －edu－联系education, －le可以联系table(表格)，表示学校教育的表格，那么就是“时刻表、作息表、课程表”等等。 【升级语境】 应用文写作中经常会用“安排活动”这个表达，根据初中的知识应该是plan/organize an activity或者用被动形式，现在可以用schedule来升级和替换。 2．schedule v. 计划；安排　n. 日程安排；时刻表；课程表 【词不离句】 (1)As scheduled, we have English Talent Show today. 按计划，我们今天有英语才艺表演。 (2)His official visit to Beijing is scheduled for June 24 to 27. 他定于6月24日至27日正式访问北京。 (3)The trip is scheduled to start on December 21 in New York City. 这次旅行定于12月21日在纽约开始。 (4)The majority of holiday flights depart and arrive on schedule. 大多数假日航班都按时起飞和到达。 (5)Thanks to your help, we accomplished the task ahead of schedule. 多亏了你的帮助，我们提前完成了任务。 【重点搭配】 ①as scheduled (＝as planned) 按计划 ②be scheduled for 定于/安排于……时间 ③be scheduled to do sth 被安排做某事 ④on schedule (＝on time) 按时 ⑤ahead of schedule (＝in advance) 提前 【语用迁移】 (1)按计划，首先你们会参观校园。 ______________________, you will be shown around the campus first. (2)展览会安排在本周末，从上午8：30到下午5：30，它包罗万象。 The exhibition _________________ this weekend, from 8：30 am to 5：30 pm, ___________________________________. (3)采摘活动被安排在本周六举行。 The picking activity ________________________________ on this Saturday. As scheduled/planned is scheduled for which covers a wide range of contents is scheduled to take place/be held 【词汇助记】 enthusiastic ＝ en－(使……成某种状态)＋－thus－(到如此 程度)＋－i－(在这里是连接前后的音节，使读起来顺一点)＋ －astic(……的) ＝形容使人进入如此程度的状态，指人因兴趣 或爱好而“热心的、热情的”。 【升级语境】 应用文写作中经常会用“喜爱……；对……很有热情”等表达，一般想到的是like，love，interest等，现在可以用enthusiastic，passionate来升级和替换。 3．enthusiastic adj. 热情的；狂热的→enthusiasm n. 热情；狂热→近义词：passionate; passion 【词不离句】 (1)If you are enthusiastic about something, you show how much you like or enjoy it by the way that you behave and talk. 如果你对某件事充满热情，你会通过你的行为和说话方式来表现出你有多么喜欢或享受它。 (2)He delivered his speech with great enthusiasm. 他以极大的热情发表了演讲。 (3)She never lost her enthusiasm for teaching. 她从未失去对教书育人的热忱。 (4)These reforms aroused people's enthusiasm in production. 这些改革调动了广大人民生产的积极性。 【重点搭配】 ①be enthusiastic about (＝be passionate about) 热衷于……，对……充满热情 ②with enthusiasm (＝with passion) 热情地 ③one's enthusiasm/passion for 某人对……的热情 ④arouse/activate/stir up/fuel/stimulate/spark one's enthusiasm/passion (in/for) 激发某人(在……方面/对……)的热情 【语用迁移】 (1)为了激发学生对英语的热情并形成健康的生活方式，上周五举行了一场主题为“如何在冬天过上健康生活”的英语讲座。 Aiming to____________________________________________________________ English and form a healthy lifestyle, an English lecture with the theme of “How to Live a Healthy Life in Winter” was witnessed last Friday. arouse/activate/stir up/fuel/stimulate/spark students' enthusiasm/passion for (2)很多人热衷于网购的原因在于其便利性。 Many people ________________________________ online shopping because of its convenience. (3)一位对冬季生活有着深刻认知和深刻见解的杰出专家满怀热情地发表了精彩的演讲。 ____________________________, an outstanding specialist who had profound knowledge and deep insight into the life in winter gave a fabulous speech. are enthusiastic/passionate about With great enthusiasm/passion 【词汇助记】 ap－(一再、加强)＋－peal(洪亮的钟声)→用力敲钟以引起 人们注意→吸引；呼吁 【升级语境】 应用文写作中经常会用“呼吁；吸引”等表达，一般想到的是call on, attract等，现在可以用appeal来升级和替换。 4．appeal v．& n. 呼吁；恳请；吸引→appealing adj. 有吸引力的 【词不离句】 (1)He will appeal to the state for an extension of unemployment benefits. 他将呼吁国家延长失业救济。 (2)The government is appealing to everyone to save water. 政府呼吁人人节约用水。 (3)Sport has become an important form of entertainment, appealing to both men and women. 体育运动已成为一种重要的娱乐形式，对男女都有吸引力。 (4)We make an urgent appeal that measures should be taken to cope with the situation. 我们急切呼吁采取措施处理这种状况。 (5)Small cars are economical of fuel, so they have/hold wide/popular/more appeal for consumers. 小型汽车油耗低，因而更受消费者青睐。 【重点搭配】 ①appeal to sb for sth 为某事恳求某人……；为某事向某人提出呼吁 ②appeal to sb to do sth 呼吁某人做某事 ③appeal to sb 吸引某人；引起某人兴趣 ④make an urgent appeal 紧急呼吁 ⑤have/hold (wide/popular/more) appeal for ... 对……(更)有吸引力 【语用迁移】 (1)坦白说，尼克昨天晚上的表演并不太吸引我。 To be honest, Nick's performance last night didn't ______________________． (2)《哈利·波特》的故事太吸引人了，使得孩子们读了还想再读。 Harry Potter stories are __________________ they encourage children to read again and again. (3)我写这封信的目的是呼吁大众多加关注环境保护。 I'm writing this letter to _____________________________________ the protection of the environment. appeal to me much so appealing that appeal to the public to pay more attention to 【词汇助记】 单词exchange可解释为“act of giving and receiving sth in return”。 它是由前缀 ex­ (out) 和－change 组成，可以理解为“拿……出去换 成……”，其基本义是 “交换”。 【升级语境】 应用文写作中经常会用“交流想法；交流文化”等表达，一般想到的是share等，现在可以用exchange来升级和替换。 5．exchange v．& n. 交换；交流 【词不离句】 (1)Would you like my old TV in exchange for this camera? 你想用我的旧电视换这台照相机吗？ (2)Before graduation, students exchange presents with each other. 毕业前，学生们互相交换礼物。 (3)We exchanged our opinions/ideas about the event at the meeting. 在会上，我们就此事交换了意见。 (4)The researches help enhance the cultural exchange of the areas and people. 这些研究有助于加强地区和人民的文化交流。 (5)A welcome party for exchange students is scheduled to be held this weekend in the school lecture hall. 本周末，在学校报告厅要举办一个交换生迎新晚会。 【重点搭配】 ①in exchange for 交换…… ②exchange sth with sb 和某人交换某物 ③exchange one's opinions/ideas (about sth with sb) (和某人)交流关于……的观点/想法 ④promote/facilitate/enhance the cultural exchange 促进/加强文化交流 ⑤exchange student 交换生 【语用迁移】 (1)既然你对中国书法有浓厚的兴趣，你可以抓住这个机会与那些与你有共同爱好的人交流想法。 Since you have such a keen interest in Chinese calligraphy, you will definitely seize the opportunity to ____________________ the people who share your passion. (2)我们不必放弃一些知识来交换新的知识。 We don't have to give some of it up _________________ new knowledge. (3)你得到成为交换生这样的机会可不是常有的事。 It is not often that you get such an opportunity _________________________. exchange ideas with in exchange for to be an exchange student 【词汇助记】 expose词源：ex­， 向外；­pose, 放置；expose的基本意思是“把…… 放出来”，即“展开”，引申义“暴露”，还可以表示撕下其面具，即“揭穿”。 【升级语境】 应用文写作中经常会用“接触到”等表达，一般能想到的是contact, touch等，现在可以用expose来升级和替换。 注意：expose是及物动词，后接名词或代词作宾语，可用于被动结构。expose的宾语后常可接介词to表示“将……暴露于……”； 动词宾语为oneself时，则意为“将自己暴露于……；使自己受……的影响”。 6．expose v. 暴露；接触，体验；揭穿→exposed adj. 无遮蔽的； 不遮挡风雨的→exposure n. 暴露；体验 【词不离句】 (1)Potatoes turn green when exposed to light. 土豆暴露在光照下会变绿。 (2)We want to expose the kids to as much art and culture as possible. 我们想让孩子们受到尽可能多的艺术和文化的熏陶。 (3)The more you expose yourself to negativity and negative people, the more you adopt negativity into your life. 你接触的消极思想和消极的人越多，你就会吸收越多的负面能量。 (4)The baron was exposed as a liar and a cheat. 这个男爵被揭露为一个说谎者和骗子。 (5)Exposure to nature has been thought to be necessary for brain development in children. 人们一直认为，接触大自然对儿童的大脑发育是必要的。 【重点搭配】 ①expose sth to sth 将某物暴露在某物下 ②expose sb/oneself to sth 使某人接触某物；把某人置于危险或不愉快的情况下 ③expose sb as 揭露某人是…… ④exposure to sth 接触/体验某事/物 【语用迁移】 (1)老师和学生都学到了很多东西，希望将来能更多地接触高雅艺术。 Both teachers and students have learnt quite a lot and expect to have __________ _____________ elegant art in the future. (2)她越接触中国文化，就越喜欢它。 The more she ______________ Chinese culture, the more she likes it. (3)他不想向任何人显露他的恐惧与不安。 He did not want to _______________________________ anyone. more is exposed to expose his fears and insecurity to exposure to 【词汇助记】 range＝rank, 表示“排列，顺序”，所以通常情况下与一系列 的种类、包括的范围或者一排排的山脉有关；而arrange是由ar－ 表示强调，与－range排列起来组成，表示按照一定顺序排列， 即“安排”。 【升级语境】 应用文写作中经常会用“包括，含有；种类”等表达，一般想到的是include, contain, kinds of等，现在可以用range来升级和替换。 7．range n. 种类；范围；山脉　v. (在一定的范围内)变化，变动 【词不离句】 (1)A wide range of colours and patterns are available. 各种颜色和样式都有。 (2)Their remedy lay within the range of existent technology. 他们的补救措施在现有的科技范围内。 (3)This is beyond my narrow range of knowledge. 这超出了我有限的知识范围。 (4)The ages of the students in this school range from 11 to 19 years old. 这所学校学生的年龄从11岁到19岁不等。 (5)The population of these cities ranges between 3 and 5 million. 这些城市的人口在300万到500万之间。 【重点搭配】 ①a wide range of 各种各样的 ②in/within the range (of ) 在……范围内；在可及的范围内 ③beyond/out of range of ... 超出……的范围 ④beyond/out of one's range 超出某人的能力范围 ⑤range from ... to ... ＝range between ... and ... 从……到……都有；范围在……与……之间不等 【语用迁移】 (1)这种乌托邦式的梦想根本不可能实现。 This Utopian dream is far ___________________________________. (2)我们为您安排了各种各样的活动，例如：听英语歌曲、读英语诗歌和讲英语故事。 _________________________ have been arranged for you, such as: listening to English songs, reading English poems and telling English stories. (3)在我看来，活动范围可以从中国书法比赛、剪纸、武术到京剧欣赏等。 From my perspective, the activities may _________________ Chinese calligraphy competition, paper cutting, martial arts, to appreciation of Peking Opera and so on. beyond/out of the range of possibility A wide range of activities range from 【词汇助记】 re－(一再)＋－com－(共同)＋－mend (v. 解决)→一再让一起 解决→劝告 【升级语境】 应用文写作中经常会用“推荐；建议”等表达，一般想到的是suggest，advise等，现在可以用recommend来升级和替换。 8．recommend v. 推荐；介绍；劝告，建议→recommendation n. 推荐；推荐信；建议 【词不离句】 (1)Students are recommended to make an appointment with a counselor. 建议学生与辅导员预约。 (2)I especially recommend taking a walk every evening. 我特别推荐每天晚上散散步。 (3)I recommend this book to anyone with an interest in chemistry. 我向任何对化学感兴趣的人推荐这本书。 (4)I have decided to recommend you for the directorship. 我已经决定推荐你担任董事了。 (5)I participated in volunteer activities on the recommendation of you. 根据你的建议，我参加了志愿活动。 【重点搭配】 ①recommend sb to do sth 建议某人做某事 ②recommend doing sth 建议做某事 ③recommend sth to sb＝recommend sb sth 向某人推荐某物 ④recommend sb for sth 给某人推荐某事/物 ⑤on the recommendation of 根据……的建议；在……的推荐下 【语用迁移】 (1)我根据医生的建议做了手术。 I had the operation ________________________ my doctor. (2)听说你要来中国，我想向你推荐几个有趣的地方。 Hearing/Learning that you are coming to visit China, I would like to _____________ _________________________________________________________________． (3)昨天他建议先看这本书，再去看电影。 He ____________________________ before seeing the movie yesterday. on the recommendation of recommend several interesting places to you/recommend you several interesting places recommended reading this book 【词汇助记】 ex－(加强)＋－pect (＝spect看)→都在看，翘首以待→期待 【升级语境】 应用文写作中经常会用到“期待；盼望”等表达，一般想到的是wish, hope等，现在可以用expect来升级和替换。 9.expect v. 预期；盼望→expected adj. 预期的，预料的→expectation n. 期待，预期 【词汇助记】 ex－(加强)＋－pect (＝spect看)→都在看，翘首以待→期待 【升级语境】 应用文写作中经常会用到“期待；盼望”等表达，一般想到的是wish, hope等，现在可以用expect来升级和替换。 【词不离句】 (1)The company expects to complete work in April. 该公司预计将在4月份完成工作。 (2)We all expect him to carry out his promises. 我们都希望他能够履行他的诺言。 (3)The officer expects complete obedience from his troops. 军官希望他的士兵完全服从。 (4)As expected, the whole family was shocked by the news. 不出所料，全家人都被这个消息震惊到了。 (5)The child's black eyes were sparkling in expectation of all the things to come. 孩子的黑眼睛闪烁着对即将到来的一切的期待。 【重点搭配】 ①expect to do sth 期待/预计做某事 ②expect sb to do sth 希望某人做某事 ③expect sth from sb 希望从某人身上得到…… ④as expected 不出所料；正如预期的那样 ⑤in (the) expectation (of) 期望着(……)；意料之中 ⑥expect that ... 期望…… 【语用迁移】 (1)不出所料，他赢得了比赛的冠军。 ______________, he won the championship of the competition. (2)上课前，学生们要准备一支特殊的画笔。此外，还需要特殊纸张。 Before the class, students ______________ prepare a special brush. Besides, special paper is also needed. (3)我真诚地希望你能迅速康复并恢复正常。 I _____________________ you will make a quick recovery and return to normal. As expected are expected to sincerely expect that 【词汇助记】 前缀qual­(性质，特征)＋后缀­ify(使……化，使成)→使有 品质，使优质化→(使)有资格/权利；达到标准 【升级语境】 应用文写作中经常会用到“有资格/权利做某事”的表达，一般想到的是fit, able等，现在可以用qualify来升级和替换。 10．qualify v. (使)有资格/权利；达到标准→qualified adj. 有资格的；具备……的学历/资历；有条件的→qualification n. 资格；资历；合格 【词不离句】 (1)You may qualify for unemployment benefit. 你可能有资格领取失业救济金。 (2)Fifty hours of flight training is enough to qualify as a pilot. 50个小时的飞行训练就足以获得成为飞行员的资格了。 (3)The certificate qualifies you to work as a dental assistant. 该证书使你有资格成为一名牙科助理。 (4)The guides are qualified to lead groups into the mountains. 导游有资格带领团队进入山区。 (5)Previous teaching experience is a necessary qualification for this job. 以往的教学经验是担任这项工作的必备条件。 【重点搭配】 ①qualify for 合格；有……的资格 ②qualify as 取得……资格；作为……合适 ③qualify sb to do sth 使某人有资格做某事 ④be qualified for/to do sth 有资格做某事 ⑤have the qualification for 具有……的资格 【语用迁移】 (1)如果你觉得我适合做这份工作，请在方便的时候告诉我面试的时间。 If you feel that I __________________ the job, please inform me of the time of an interview at your convenience. (2)我不仅有胜任这份工作的资格，而且我有适合这份工作的健全人格。 Not only do I __________________________ this job, but I also have the right personality for it. (3)这些年来，我在美国参加了几个交流项目，所以我相信我有资格担任这个职位。 These years, I have been on several exchange programs in America, so I believe __________________________ the position. am qualified to do have the qualifications for I am qualified/qualify for R $$