专题16 不定代词-备战2025年中考英语语法专项突破与提升训练

专题16 不定代词 一、含义 不明确指某个人，某些事物的代词。可以代替名词和形容词。表示不同的数量概念。在句可作主语，宾语和定语等。 二、分类 1.it & one 代替上文出现过的名词。 it 指与前面提到的事物，是同一物。 I like your bag. I want to buy it. (it=your bag) one 指与前面事物是同类事物，同类不同物； 若前面的名词是复数，则用ones代替。 I like your bag. I want to buy one. （one指的是和你包包同款） 2．it的用法 it除了指带上文提过的事物，还有下列用法。 （1）用来指时间，天气，气候，价值，距离 It rained all day yesterday. 昨天下了一天雨。 It is 9 o’clock in the morning now．现在是早上9点钟。 （2）用于一些表示时间的固定句型中 ① It is time for sth 该做某事了 ② It’s time（for sb）to do sth （某人）该做某事了 ③ It’s the first/second/third time that 从句 第几次做…… ④It’s 时间段 since 从句 ……多长时间了。 即时演练A 一、单项选择 1.---Can I borrow your ruler? ---Sorry, I left__________ at home. But you can buy__________in the shop. A. it;one B.it;it C.one;it D.one;one 2. Tom, your MP4 is quite nice. How much is ? I want to buy__________. A.one,it B.it;one C.one;one D.it;it 3. ---Your bag is nice. Where did you buy__________? ---Beijing. Do you want to have__________like this? A.it;it B.one;one C.one;it D.it;one 二、翻译句子 1. （有400米）from the park to my house． 2. （天晴了）. Let’s go shopping. 3. （是时候睡觉了）. 2.some & any some ①用于肯定句中，表示“一些”，后面可以跟可数或不可数名词。 She has some cats. 她有一些猫。 The cat has some water in its bowl. 这只猫在它的碗里有一些水。 ②建议，邀请，商量，请求的疑问句中，或期望得到肯定回答时。 Would you like some water？你想要一些水么？ 【TIPS】常见的表示建议，邀请，请求的问句句型有 Would you like...？ 你想要...？ What about ...？ ....怎么样呢？ Shall we...？ 我们可以...？ Can／Could I...？ 我能不能...？ any ① 用于否定句和疑问句中，表示“一些”，后跟可数／不可数名词 I don’t have any cat. 我没有猫。 I don’t have any money. 我没有钱。 Do you have any time？你有时间么？ ②也可以用于肯定句中，表示“任何”，后跟单数名词 If you have any question，just let me know. 如果你有任何问题，让我知道。 You can take any bag. 你可以拿走任何一个包。 即时演练B--单项选择 1.There are dumplings,but there isn't _ bread in the fridge. A.some;some B.any;any C.some;any D.any;some 2.There isn't water in the glass. A.many B.lots C.any D.some 3.My aunt told me I could take book I like from her bookshelf. A.some B.any C.no D.not 4.There are onions and potatoes, but there aren't_ mushrooms. A.some;some B.any;some C.some;any D.any;any 5.Would you like to get me water? A.some B.any C.few D.little 6.She is very lazy. She doesn't do housework at home. A.some B.any C.a few D.many 7.I asked her for some juice, but she didn't have A.some B.few C.many D.any 3.many & much 均意为“许多，大量”，即可以修饰名词，或者代替前面提到过的名词 many ①后跟可数名词复数形式 ②代替可数名词 ① Many hands make light work. 人多好办事。 ② Many don't agree with this. 很多人不同意这个。 much ①后跟不可数名词 ②代替不可数名词 ③修饰动词，放在句末 ① I had much work to do. 我有好多活要干。 ② Much has been done to improve it. 已经做了很多来改善了。 ③ I love you so much. 我很喜欢你。 【注意】：many和much前可以加too，so来修饰，译为太多。即too many，too much，many, so much 即时演练C 用many，much 填空。 1. There are buses in the street. 2. We haven't have coffee. 3. He gets lots of letters but she doesn't get . 4. You have lots of free time but I don't have . 5. I like this song very . 4.(a) few & (a) little 用法 用于可数名词 用于不可数名词 表示肯定（一些） a few虽少，但有几个 a little 虽少，但有一点 表示否定（几乎没有） few 几乎没有 little 没有什么 【TIPS】巧记：有没有，看看"a" 可不可数，看手掌 【注意】： ①这四个词可以单独使用，做代词。 --Would you like some meat？ 请你吃些肉好嘛？ --Just a little. 来一点儿。 ②a little 可做副词，修饰动词或者形容词。 I moved a little.我移动了一点。（a little 修饰move） I am a little happy.我有一点点开心。（a little 修饰happy） 即时演练D 一、用 a little，little，a few，few 填空 1. It's good for the fish to have water plants in the tank. 2. There are people in front of me so I have to wait for a long time. 3.--Would you like some milk for your tea? --Yes, just . 4. Please wait just minutes. I am going to clean myself up. 5. Boys and girls, I have words to say. 6. I have money so I can't buy it. 7.She is sad now. 8.--Do you want some sugar? --Yes, . 9. She cried . 5.other/others/the other/the others/another 观察例句，体会other和others的用法。看后面是否有名词？ 1．I am different from other people．我和其他人不一样。 2．I am different from others．我和其他人不一样。 意思 特指or 泛指 形式 other 其他的 泛指 后跟名词复数 others 其他的人或物 不跟名词 观察例句，体会 the other 和 the others的用法。思考为什么会有the？ 1. Ten students are here. One is a girl, the other students are boys. 10个学生在这儿。一个是女孩，剩余的是男生。 2.I have three cats. One cat is orange, the others are orange too. 我有三只猫。一只是橘猫，另外两只也是橘猫。 意思 特指or 泛指 形式 the other （一定范围内）其余的 特指 后跟名词复数 the others （一定范围内）其余的人／物 不跟名词 【注意】：如果数量范围是2，那么the other可以单独使用，或者跟名词单数。常见型：one...the other... 一个...，另一个... I have two cats. One cat is orange, the other (cat) is orange too. 观察例句，体会another的用法。 I don’t like this shirt. Can you give me another？我不喜欢这件衣服，你可以给我看另一件么？ One boy is reading；another is dancing. 一个男孩在读书，另一个在跳舞。 意思 特指or 泛指 形式 another 另一个 泛指三者或以上 后跟名词单数 也可单独使用 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 【注意】：another 后加数词，表示“又，再” I need another three helpers.我需要再多三名帮手。 【TIPS】①有范围的，就选择有the ②有名词无s；无名词来个s 即时演练E 用 other，others，the other，the others，another填空。 1.Do you have any problems? 2.He has two daughters. One is a nurse, is a worker. 3.Some of us like singing and dancing, go in for sports. 4.There are five girls.Two girls will go to the park, and will stay at home. 5.A few students are playing football while are watching them. 6.Two of the ten boys are standing and are sitting around them. 7.I've bought two pens, one from Beijing, from Tianjin. 8.Four of them are in the classroom. What about ? 9.I want cup of tea. 6.all & none 用法 例句 all ①侧重指三者或三者以上＂都，全部，一切”，可以和of搭配，即all of ② all于否定句时，表示部分否定；表示全部否定使用none。 All the boys are on the playground.所有的男生都在操场上。 Not all books are good. 不是所有的书都是好书。 【注意】all作主语，指代人时，谓语动词使用复数形式；指代事情时，谓语动词一般使用单数 All goes very well.一切进展非常顺利。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 none ①意为“没有人，没有一个，一点几也没有。可以和of 搭配，即none of None of the books are mine.这些书都不是我的。 None of the food goes bad.没有一点食物坏掉。 【注意】none与no one的区别： ①指代问题：none既可指人，又可指物，而no one意为“没有人”，只能用于指人。 ②谓语单复数问题：两者作主语时，谓语用单数； ③搭配：none可以与of搭配，而no one无此用法； ④ none 用于回答 how many或how much 引出的特殊疑问句； no one 用于回答 who引出的特殊疑问句。 -How many students are there in the classroom now？现在教室里有多少学生？ -None.没有一个人。 -Who is in the classroom now？现在谁在教室呢？ -No one.没人。 7.both & neither & either both ①表示“两者都”，可以和of搭配 ②句型：both...and＂两者都，既......又......”。 They both are workers.他们两个都是工人。 Both Tom and Jerry are good at dancing.Tom 和Jerry 都擅长跳舞。 【注意】both作主语时，谓语动词使用复数形式； Both have been to Beijing.他们两人都去过北京。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 neither ①意为“两者都不”，后跟名词单数：可以和of搭配 ②neither...nor...＂既不......也不......”，其后动词的单复数看最靠近动词的主语（就近原则） Neither answer is right. 两个答案都不对。 Neither he nor I am a doctor. 他和我都不是医生。 【注意】neither作主语时，谓语动词使用单数形式 either ①表示“两者中任何一个”，后跟名词单数；可以和of搭配 ②either...or...”或者......或者......”。其后动词的单复数看最靠近动词的主语（就近原则） You can park on either side of the street. 你在街道的哪边停车都可以。 Either he or I am going to the party. 或者他或者我会去派对。 【注意】 （1）either做主语，谓语动词用单数形式。 （2）either可作为副词，意为“也”，用于否定句的句末。 He won’t go and I won’t go；either. 他不去，我也不去。 即时演练F--用all／both／neither／either／none 填空。 1.--There are two bottles of juice here. Do you mind which one I take? --No, take 2.--Shall I phone you in the morning or afternoon? -- . I'll be free all day. 3.--What day is it today, the 19th or 20th? -- . Its the 21st. 4.She has three sons but of them live with her. 5.-- Is she at work or at home? -- . She's on Germany for holiday. 6.--Where did you go for your holidays? Scotland or Ireland? --We went to . A week in Scotland and a week in Ireland. 7.--Do you want tea or coffee? -- . I really don't mind. 8.--Wow! You've got so many skirts. --But of them are in fashion now. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 8.each&every 用法 例句 each ①表示“每；每个”，指2个或两个以上，②可单独使用；也后跟名词单数 ②作主语，常用于 each of 短语 There are many flowers on each side of the street.在街道的每一边都有很多花朵。 Each man has its own name.每个人都有自己的名字。 every ①表示“每；每个”，指3个或3个以上，后跟名词单数 ②作主语，动词用单数。 ③every＋数字＋复数名词，表示”每...” Every boy in our class likes basketball. 班上的每个男孩都喜欢篮球。 There will be a sport meeting every two years. 每隔2年将会有一场运动会。 即时演练G--用each和every填空。 1. I gave a present to of my parents. 2. The Olympic Games are held four years. 3. of them has been to the Great Wall. 4. Two boys came in. was carrying a box. 5. student has a new book on their desks. 9．复合不定代词 （1）含义 由some，any，every，no与one，body，thing一起构成的代词叫复合不定代词，如something everybody，anyone，nothing等。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 somebody 某人 someone某人 something 某事 anybody 任何人 anyone 任何人 anything 任何事 nobody 没人 no one 没人 nothing 没东西 everybody 每人 everyone 每人 everything 每件事情，一切 （2）用法 ①复合不定代词一般用作单数，在句中作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 Nobody is here.没有在这儿。 Someone always shouts here.总有人在这儿大叫。 ②形容词修饰复合不定代词，把形容词放在后面，简称“不形” There’s nothing important to tell you.没有重要的事情告诉你。 There must be something wrong with her.她肯定有问题。 ③复合不定代词后常加“else”，表示“另外，其他” Can someone else help me out？有其他人可以帮忙么？ ④some-类的不定代词主要用于肯定句中；any-类的主要用于否定句，疑问句。 There is somebody.有人在这儿。 I can’t see anybody here.我没看到这里有人。 【注意】 some-类可用于表示邀请，请求的问句。 any-类用在肯定句中，表示“无论什么东西，随便什么东西 Would you like something to eat？你想要吃什么么？ You can take anything.你可以拿走任何东西。 即时演练H--单项选择 1.--Who helped you clean the classroom yesterday? -- . I cleaned it all by myself. A.somebody B.nobody C.everybody D.anybody 2.--Where is my book? --It isn't here. Maybe took it away by mistake. A.everyone B.nobody C.anybody D.somebody 3.--What a big box! Can I help you? --No,thanks. There's . It's empty. A.nothing B.everything C.anything D.something 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 4.--Does know the answer to the question? --Me. A.everyone B.anybody C.everyone D.nobody 5. Not enjoys sports. But we must do sports to stay healthy. A.someone B.anyone C.everyone D.nobody. 6.Alice bought some presents for her parents, but she didn't buy for herself. A.something B.nothing C.anything D.everything 综合练习 一、单选题 1.I don't want this jacket.Please show me . A.others B.the others C.another D.the other 2.We study Chinese, English,and some subjects. A.the other B.others C.other D.another 3.Joe can only take two of his family members into the studio and leave waiting outside. A.the others B.others C.other D.the other 4.These shoes are too small.You may buy some shoes. A.another B.other C.the others D.others 5.The children don't like this story,please tell them A.another B.the other C.others D.the others 6.There are four books on the shelf.One is French,are English. A.another B.other C.others D.the others 7.We have two foreign classmates. One is Tom,and is David. A.others B.the other C.another D.other 8.Would you like to have cup of tea? A another B.other C.others D.the other 9.--Which do you prefer,tea or coffee? -- thanks. I'd like a glass of water. A.Either B.Neither C.Both D.all 10.--Are Mr.and Mrs.Huang living alone in the house? 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 --Yes,although they have two sons, of them live with their parents. A.neither B.both C.all D.none 11.--Here are three books on English. Which one would you like to borrow? -- . I'm interested in history these days. A.All B.None C.Both D.Each 12.--What do you think of the four classics of China? --I hear that they are wonderful, but I've read of them. A.all B.both C.neither D.none 13.--It was a heavy snow last night. Are we all here now? --Yes, and_ of us was late. A.all B.either C.neither D.none 14. He tried on two jackets,but of them fitted him. A.all B.both C.none D.neither 15. --How do you usually come to school,by bus or by bike? -- . I walk. A.Either B.Neither C.Both D.Any 16. my mum nor my dad likes coffee. A.Either B.None C.Neither D.All 17.No one at home yesterday afternoon. A.were B.be C.was D.is 18. We couldn't eat in this restaurant because of us had money with us. A.all;no B.any;no C.none;any D.nobody;any 19.Will you pass me salt on the table? A.any B.few C.little: D.some 20.Although we were very tired, of us would stop to have a rest. A.no one B.someone C.none D.any 21.---Excuse me,can I take a bus to the museum? ---Sorry, of the buses goes there. You can walk there. A.none B.both C.all D.each 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 22.There are many trees on side of the street. A.either B.both C.any D.every 23.---Is there in the box? --- Nothing. A.something else B.else something C.anything else D.else anything 24.---What are you worried about pandas? ---They have and land to live on. A.few;few B.less;little C.fewer;fewer D.less;less 25.Listen! is calling for help. Let's go and have a look. A.Anyone B.Everyone C.Someone D.No one 26. of my classmates watched the game last Saturday. We all went to the museum. A.Some B.Most C.None D.No one 27.--Everyone knows Canada is the second largest country in the world. --That is,it is larger than country in Asia. A.any B.any other C.other D.Another 28.--Is there else in the classroom? --It is empty. is listening to a speech in the school hall. A.anyone;Anyone B.anyone;Everyone C.everyone;Anyone D.everyone;Everyone 29.Dear classmates,may I have your attention,please? I have to tell you. A.important something B.important anything C.something important D.anything important 30. There is news about this movie star in the newspaper. Where can I get some? A.many B.a few C.a lot D.little 31.---I'm so hungry. Can I have ? ---Of course. How about a piece of cake? A.anything to eat B.something to eat C.anything eating D.something eat 32.In our school, students like English,but of them can speak English smoothly. A.a little, a few B.a few,few C.a few,little D.a little,few 33.---These sunglasses are all new arrivals.Which do you like better? ---The light black . A.ones B.one C.them D.it 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 答案 即时演练A 一、语法选择 1-3 ABD 二、翻译句子 1.It is 400 meters 2.It is sunny 3.It is time to go to bed 即时演练B 1-5 CCBCA 6-10 BD 即时演练C 1.many 2.much 3.many 4.much 5.much 即时演练D 1.a few 2.a few 3.a little 4.a few 5.a few 6.little 6. a little 8.a little 9.a little 即时演练E 1.other 2.the other 3.others 4.the others 5.others 6.the others 7. the other 8.the others 9.another 即时演练F 1.either 2.either 3.neither 4.none 5.neither 6.both 7.Either 8.none 即时演练G 1.each 2.every 3.Each 4.Each 5.Each/Every 即时演练H 1-5 BDABC 6 C 综合练习 1-5 CCABA 6-10 DBABA 11-15 BDDDB 16-20 CCCDC 21-25 AACDC 26-30 CABCD 31-35 BBB 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$