上海高二上学期期中复习模拟测试A卷（不含听力）-2024-2025学年高二上期中考点大串讲（上教版2020选择性必修第一册）

2024-2025学年高二英语上学期期中模拟测试A卷（上海） 原题版 （不含听力） II. Grammar and Vocabulary (20分) Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. The Fascinating Culture of the Miao People The Miao ethnicity of China has a long history, rich culture, and an ancient folk religion. 1 (decorate) with beautiful traditional clothes, they live in uniquely designed architecture. Throughout history, the Miao people were constantly migrating, always on the move. In more modern times, part of the Miao people gradually settled down in southeast Asian countries. Today, the Miao people in China 2 (concentrate) in eight provinces, autonomous regions, and cities in southwest and south-central China, 3 _________ Guizhou Province has the largest population. The Miao people have lived the lush vegetation of the mountains and river for generations. The Miaoling Mountains located in Guizhou Province are the watershed (分水岭) between the Pearl River and the Yangtze River. Kaili City, the capital of Qiandongnan, is known as the Pearl of Miaoling Mountains. Just 10 kilometers from the city center, the 4 (wind) crystal-clear Bala River runs through the valley by the city. On the cliffs of the peaks on either side of the river 5 (sit) a cluster of Miao villages, scattered like pearls. The people who live in the ancient villages are sincere, kind, hospitable, and honest. 6 a tourist ever get lost, there were no need to worry. All that needs to do is just call out in a loud voice outside any courtyard, “Is anyone home? I’m lost.” A wooden window would open instantly and an elderly person would stick the head out, describing 7 the tourist should head in simple, basic Putonghua. The fantastically colored rice terraces (梯田) can be seen at the edge of the village path. The ripe rice is bent over 8 _________ they were expressing gratefulness to the earth for giving it life. After the harvest is done, rice is neatly tied-up and arranged, waiting 9 (handle) better. Self-sufficiency in living off the land is a way of life that Miao families have handed down to their descendants for generations, and today the Miao people still maintain their traditional way of life and work 10 the gazing crowds of tourists who pass through their villages. Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．abandon  B．appealing  C． matter  D．foresighted  E. manner  F. maintain G. declining  H. costs  I. rushing  J. aggressive  K. transition In this world of rapid changes, everything seems to be possible. There will eventually come a day when the New York Times stops publishing stories on paper.  Exactly when that day will be is a 11 of debate. “Sometime in the future,” the paper’s publisher said back in 2010. Although people are nostalgia (怀旧) for ink on  paper, there are plenty of reasons to 12 print. The basic facilities required to make a physical newspaper, including printing presses and delivery trucks, is very expensive. Readers are keeping away from print anyway. And though print advertisement sales still overtake online and mobile counterparts, income from print is still 13 . Cost may be high and circulation lower, but 14 to eliminate its print edition would be a mistake, says BuzzFeed CEO Jonah Petretti. Petretti says the Times shouldn’t waste time giving up the print business, but only if they go about doing it the right way. “Figuring out a way to speed up 15 makes sense for them,” he said. Petretti gives the example of Netflix discounting its DVD-mailing service to focus on streaming (流媒体). “It was once seen as a(n) mistake.” he said. But the move turned out to be 16 . “If I were in charge at the Times, I wouldn’t pick a year to end print,” Petretti said, “I would raise prices and make it into more of a legacy product, which has some advantage over a modern product, making it 17 for customers to keep it around.” As a matter of fact, the most loyal customers would still get the product they favor. The idea goes, and they’d feel like that they were helping 18 the quality of something they believe in. In other words, if you’re going to print product, make it for the people who are already obsessed with it, which may be what the Times is doing already. Getting the print edition seven days a week 19 nearly $500 a year — more than twice as much as a digital-only subscription. “It’s a really hard thing to do and it’s a tremendous luxury that BuzzFeed doesn’t have a legacy business,” Petretti remarked. “But we’re going to have questions like that. We’re doing things that don’t make sense when the market changes and so does the world. In those situations, it’s better to be more 20 . Otherwise, we can’t survive the fierce competition. III. Reading Comprehension (45分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context “It’s almost a moral duty that museums should be free,” said Glenn Lowry, director of the Museum of Modern Art (MOMA) in 2002, when a ticket to MOMA cost $12. In October MOMA started charging $30, the latest in a series of price 21 involving the Metropolitan Museum, the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art and so on. Higher energy and labour costs have pushed up ticket prices in Europe, too. Prices have remained 22 only in Asia and the Middle East, where museums are younger and state funding is especially generous. Ticket fees may seem high, particularly in destination cities where tourists are 23 to be discouraged by spending a few more dollars. But whatever museums 24 , it is not covering their operating costs. The Association of Art Museum Directors reported in 2018 that ticket sales accounted on average for just 7% of total 25 at American art museums. Memberships contributed another 7%. The 26 of budgets usually come from charitable donations, grants and retail operations. European museums are less 27 admissions fees, because they are often heavily subsidized (补助) by governments. All national institutions in Britain offer free admission, as do most state-run museums in China while in America some 30% are free. Some observers have repeated Mr Lowry’s call for museum to stop charging for 28 entirely. 29 price s go against museums’goal of sharing art with a more diverse public. They could also speed up the already steep decline in the share of Americans attending museums and galleries. Declining public interest is a challenge for institutions that rely heavily on public support. Those who choose not to visit a museum today may be the people who 30 government subsidies or refuse to write personal cheques as sponsors in a few years. Those who spend time inside museums’galleries are more likely to grasp their richness and want to 31 their own riches in them. Yet significantly reducing costs may not actually do much to 32   new audiences either. If tickets were free, “people who typically come anyway might come more often. 33 that, you’re not really changing your demographic (观众结构), says an economist who studies pricing in the arts. He 34 museums to the best American university: Harvard could afford to make tuition free for all, but many wealthy students who do not need the gift would be among the biggest beneficiaries(受益者). As museums throughout the West debate what price is right, most are unlikely to conclude the answer is 35 , “moral duty” or not. 21．A．lists B．rises C．controls D．wars 22．A．ascending B．flexible C．awe-inspiring D．stable 23．A．unlikely B．supposed C．dissatisfied D．bound 24．A．promote B．submit C．charge D．exhibit 25．A．attendance B．donation C．operation D．revenue 26．A．motivation B．remainder C．generosity D．mixture 27．A．reliant on B．resistant to C．pessimistic about D．tolerant of 28．A．survival B．budgets C．collections D．admission 29．A．Floating B．Discounted C．Ballooning D．Competitive 30．A．contribute to B．vote against C．count on D．despair of 31．A．invest B．evaluate C．anchor D．assemble 32．A．discourage B．relieve C．attract D．entitle 33．A．With a view to B．Apart from C．Contrary to D．For fear of 34．A．credits B．attaches C．refers D．compares 35．A．zero B．both C．wrong D．above Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A Climbing, I once thought, was a very manly activity, but as I found my way into this activity, I came to see that something quite different happens on the rock. Like wild swimming, rock climbing involves you into the landscape. On the rock, I am fully focused. Eyes pay close attention, ears are alert, and hands move across the surface. Unlike walking, where I could happily wander about absent-mindedly, in climbing, attentive observation is essential. As an arts student studying English literature, I discovered a new type of reading from outdoor climbing. Going out on to the crags (悬出), I saw how you could learn to read the rocks and develop a vocabulary of physical movements. Good climbers knew how to adjust their bodies on to the stone. Watching them, I wanted to possess that skillful “language”. My progress happened when I worked for the Caingorms National Park Authority. Guiding my explorations into this strange pew landscape was Nan Shepherd, a lady too. Unlike the goal-directed mindset of many mountaineers, she is not concerned with peaks or personal achievement. Shepherd sees the mountain as a total environment and she celebrates the Caingorms as a place alive with plants, rocks, animals and elements. Through her generous spirit and my own curiosity, I saw that rock climbing need not be a process of testing oneself against anything. Rather, the intensity of focus could develop a person into another way of being. Spending so much time in high and stony places has transformed my view on the adhesion between us and the world. I have come into physical contact with processes that go way beyond the everyday. Working with gravity, geology, rhythms of weather and deep time, I gain an actual relationship with the earth. This bond lies at the heart of my passion for rock climbing. I return to the rocks, because this is where I feel in contact with our land. 36．Why does the author like rock climbing? A．It challenges her to compete with men. B．It allows her a unique attitude toward rock. C．It makes her feel connected with the earth. D．It teaches her how to possess a new language. 37．What does the writer find important in climbing? A．Balance. B．Concentration. C．Determination. D．Perseverance 38．What does the writer learn from Nan Shepherd? A．Every mountaintop is within reach. B．Climbing goes together with nature. C．The best climber is the one having fun. D．You cannot achieve high unless you change. 39．What does the underlined word “adhesion”in the last paragraph refer to? A．Process. B．Progress. C．Connection. D．Altitude. B We’re lucky enough to have some of the best art exhibitions happening in NYC right now: Ice Cold: An Exhibition of Hip-Hop Jewelry (首饰) Open through January 5, 2025 Representing the history of hip-hop from the 1980s to today, Ice Cold features some of the jewelry worn by hip-hop’s biggest cultural influences. The exhibit walks through the development of jewelry and its relationship with rap culture. Other artists’ accessories (配饰) on display include Nicki Minaj and Erykah Badu. Price: Museum admission Where: American Museum of Admission Paul McCartney Photographs 1963-64: Eyes of the Storm Open through August 18, 2024 Get an inside look into the life of Paul McCartney, the famous member of The Beatles. In this brand new exhibition, you’ll get a look into never-before-seen photos from the peak era of his career. With over 250 photos on display, you can see a personal glimpse into the band’s 1960s touring schedule and his personal life outside music. If you like The Beatles this exhibit is a must-visit. Price: Museum admission Where: Brooklyn Museum Sleeping Beauties: Reawakening Fashion Open through September 2, 2024 Sleeping Beauties: Reawakening Fashion features around 220 fashion dresses and accessories. They takes the theme of nature to a whole new level. You can smell your way through the exhibit, touch the walls and dresses, and check out how the “artwork” of fashion can be brought back to life through sensory experience Price: Museum admission Where: The Metropolitan Museum of ArtBLOOMTANICA Open through June 9, 2024 Designed in partnership with celebrity floral artist Jeff Leatham and Genesis House, this brand new exhibit is a total visual feast inspired by the principles and practices that shape Korean gardens. Visitors can walk through this first-of-its-kind journey that mixes nature and technology like never before. Price: Free Where: 40A 10th Ave 40．Which exhibition might rappers visit? A．BLOOMTANICA． B．Sleeping Beauties: Reawakening Fashion. C．Ice Cold: An Exhibition of Hip-Hop Jewelry. D．Paul McCartney Photographs 1963-64: Eyes of the Storm. 41．Where are the precious images of the band exhibited? A．American Museum of Admission. B．Brooklyn Museum. C．The Metropolitan Museum of Art. D．40A 10th Ave. 42．What do we know about Sleeping Beauties: Reawakening Fashion? A．It is free of charge. B．It mixes nature and technology. C．It celebrates hip-hop culture. D．It is a feast for different sense. C One day I typed into ChatGPT all about my upset feelings and it instantly responded, offering a list of practical advice. Nowadays million pens of people are already turning to ChatGPT and specialist therapy (治疗) chatbots for convenient and inexpensive men al health support. Some experts say this is a boon. After all, AI, undisturbed by embarrassment, might be able to express empathy (同理心) more openly and tirelessly than humans. But others worry about the consequences of people seeking emotional support from machines that can only pretend to care. Some even wonder if the rise of so- called empathetic AI might change the way we interact with one another. Indeed, empathy is one of our species’ defining qualities, developing as it did in pace with social interaction. One recent analysis about empathy looked at 52 studies published between 1980 and 2019, which shows that the empathizer must first be able to recognize how the other person is feeling. They must also be affected by those emotions and distinguish themselves and the other person, grasping that the other person’s feelings aren’t their own while still being able to imagine the other person’s experience. On the first point, in recent years, AI- powered chatbots have made progress in their ability to read human emotions, most powered by large language models (LLMs) that work by predicting which words are most likely to appear together based on training data. In this way, LLMs like ChatGPT can seemingly identify our feelings and respond appropriately most of the time. But when it comes to the other criteria, AI still misses the mark in many ways. Empathy is interpersonal, with continued feedback helping to perfect the sympathizer’s response, which also requires some degree of intuitive (直觉的) awareness of an individual and their situation. All of this helps to explain conversations like the ones I had with ChatGPT. At the end of the day, despite talking to multiple chatbots online, I did what I knew I had to do all along: I picked up my phone and called a friend. 43．What does the underlined word “boon” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Challenge. B．Misunderstanding. C．Trap. D．Blessing. 44．What does the recent analysis show about empathy? A．It starts with identifying emotions. B．It relies on rich imagination. C．It requires clear communication. D．It ignores individual difference. 45．What can AI do according to paragraph 4? A．Recognize one’s real desire. B．Provide data- driven response.. C．Solve all the emotion puzzles. D．Predict one’s behavior by intuition. 46．What does the author think of ChatGPT? A．Its development should be sped up. B．Its intelligence is winning more favor. C．Its application should be strictly managed. D．Its artificial kindness is no match for humans’. Section C Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.How Climate Change Will Hit Holidaymaking “Arrived in Bologna, Italy, now it’s off to Tuscany. The heatwave is spectacular here. Climate change is destroying southern Europe. An era comes to an end.” This tweet in early July by Karl Lauterbach, Germany’s health minister, went down badly in Italy. The country’s minister for tourism, Danisla Santanchè sourly replied that she thanked Mr Lauterbach for picking Italy for his holiday. 47 and that sustainability has always been Italian government’s answer to managing tourism. 48 Europe is the planet’s most visited region, welcoming 585 million of the world’s 900 million international travelers in 2022. On top of this, domestic holiday-makers outnumbered foreigners in terms of nights spent in tourist accommodation in the EU. Little wonder then that the sector directly generates 5% of the EU’s GDP and by some estimates indirectly accounts for more than 10%. Changes to the climate that lead to ever-wilder weather could deliver a huge blow to the tourist industry. 49 Extreme hot weather in Italy in July contributed to wildfires that hit Sicily as the temperature at one time climbed to 47°C． Despite the damage, Italy’s tourism industry — and that of Europe as a whole — is set for a record summer this year as holidaymakers return in force after the travel restrictions of the pandemic. 50 According to Demoskopika, a market researcher, 68 milllion people will have taken a holiday in Italy this summer, with around half arriving from abroad. Can the recovery last if tourists are fearful of the effects of climate change in years to come? Italian tourism industry has promised to hit the targets of the Paris climate agreement by 2050. Yet such efforts by industry to reduce the effects of global warming will have little overall impact. A．More significantly, tourism will need to adapt to climate change. B．Tourist industry is not just one of the important contributors to Italy’s economy. C．Climate change also threatens the livelihoods of those who rely on income from tourism. D．This year southern Europe has endured an abnormally unstable summer. E．Few have cancelled trips despite the dangers that may await them. F．However, the Italian government was well aware of climate change. IV. Summary Writing （10分） 51．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in NO MORE THAN 60 WORDS. Use your own words as far as possible. Light the Cities of the Future A previously unlit cycle path in the Netherlands has recently drawn our attention. It has been resurfaced with a material that consists of thousands of shining stones in order to create a well-lit route. The Van Gogh Path, so called after the artist who lived in the town of Nuenen in 1883, combines the traditional with the contemporary in a gesture that acknowledge ledges Van Gingh’ masterpiece The Starry Night, but also shows the way ahead for city lighting. The Van Gogh Path is not a single case; it is not difficult to foresee a time when natural materials could help light the cities of the future. Why should we care about city lighting? What’s wrong with current electrical city lighting anyway? Well, the problem that it causes is two-fold. First, of course, electrical lighting in most cities comes from non-renewable resources. According to the International Energy Agency, almost 20% of global electricity is consumed for lighting, which is responsible for high levels of carbon emissions. But there’s also the belief that electrical light itself is a form of pollution by destroying our view of the night sky. From the above reasons, then, it seems wise to investigate other approaches. The city of Glasgow is attempting to use intelligent street lighting to monitor how citizens interact with the urban landscape and minimize electrical consumption and thus emissions. This “Smart City approach” is seen by many as the way of the future, but some designers aren’t convinced. They are pioneering the altogether more original approach of using materials from the natural world in order to replace electrical light entirely. They believe that this new “technology” can one day completely replace microchips and digital systems as we find better ways of making use of the light-producing mechanisms (制) that already exist in the natural world. 51.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V. Translation （15分） Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52．为了加快进度, 工人们埋头苦干。(bury) 53．年轻时蹉跎的时光，人老了就会想尽办法来弥补，这并不令人惊讶。(surprise n.) 54．令我们无比感动的是, 尽管道路险阻, 警察们最终成功营救了困在雪地的游客们。(despite) 55．直到他的导师给了他一个去国外进行学术交流的机会时，他才意识到自己本该在高中和大学时期在英语学习上多花些时间。(It) VI. Guided Writing （25分） Direction: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 56．Directions: Write an English composition in about 150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假如你是Jerry，你的朋友Lear准备设计一款智能手机app，可以帮助高中学生学习。他来信征求你的建议。请你给他回信，内容包括： （1）你需要的app的名称和功能； （2）你需要该app的理由； （3）你给该app的建议。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第20页，共24页 试卷第1页，共24页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年高二英语上学期期中模拟测试A卷（上海） 解析版 （不含听力） II. Grammar and Vocabulary (20分) Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. The Fascinating Culture of the Miao People The Miao ethnicity of China has a long history, rich culture, and an ancient folk religion. 1 (decorate) with beautiful traditional clothes, they live in uniquely designed architecture. Throughout history, the Miao people were constantly migrating, always on the move. In more modern times, part of the Miao people gradually settled down in southeast Asian countries. Today, the Miao people in China 2 (concentrate) in eight provinces, autonomous regions, and cities in southwest and south-central China, 3 _________ Guizhou Province has the largest population. The Miao people have lived the lush vegetation of the mountains and river for generations. The Miaoling Mountains located in Guizhou Province are the watershed (分水岭) between the Pearl River and the Yangtze River. Kaili City, the capital of Qiandongnan, is known as the Pearl of Miaoling Mountains. Just 10 kilometers from the city center, the 4 (wind) crystal-clear Bala River runs through the valley by the city. On the cliffs of the peaks on either side of the river 5 (sit) a cluster of Miao villages, scattered like pearls. The people who live in the ancient villages are sincere, kind, hospitable, and honest. 6 a tourist ever get lost, there were no need to worry. All that needs to do is just call out in a loud voice outside any courtyard, “Is anyone home? I’m lost.” A wooden window would open instantly and an elderly person would stick the head out, describing 7 the tourist should head in simple, basic Putonghua. The fantastically colored rice terraces (梯田) can be seen at the edge of the village path. The ripe rice is bent over 8 _________ they were expressing gratefulness to the earth for giving it life. After the harvest is done, rice is neatly tied-up and arranged, waiting 9 (handle) better. Self-sufficiency in living off the land is a way of life that Miao families have handed down to their descendants for generations, and today the Miao people still maintain their traditional way of life and work 10 the gazing crowds of tourists who pass through their villages. 【答案】 1．Decorated 2．are concentrated 3．among which/of which    4．winding   5．sits   6．Should 7．where 8．as if/as though 9．to be handled 10．despite 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国苗族悠久的历史、丰富的文化和古老的民间宗教，以及他们独特的服饰、建筑和生活方式。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们穿着漂亮的传统服装，居住在独特设计的建筑中。“_____ (decorate) with beautiful traditional clothes”作伴随状语，decorate(装饰)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语they之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填Decorated。 2．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：今天，中国的苗族人主要集中在中国西南部和中南部的八个省、自治区和城市，其中贵州省的人口最多。concentrate(使……集中或聚集)是谓语动词，与主语the Miao people之间是被动关系，结合时间状语Today可知，描述当前状态，用一般现在时态，名词people作主语，谓语动词用复数形式。故填are concentrated。 3．考查定语从句。句意：今天，中国的苗族人主要集中在中国西南部和中南部的八个省、自治区和城市，其中贵州省的人口最多。“_____ Guizhou Province has the largest population”是定语从句，修饰先行词“eight provinces, autonomous regions, and cities”，关系词将其代入定语从句中作状语，表示“在八个省、自治区和城市中”，可用“介词among/of+关系代词which”引导该从句。故填among/of which。 4．考查形容词。句意：离市中心仅10公里，蜿蜒清澈的巴拉河穿过城市的山谷。提示词修饰名词Bala River，用同根形容词winding作定语，意为“曲折的，蜿蜒的”。故填winding。 5．考查倒装句型、时态和主谓一致。句意：在河流两岸的山峰悬崖上，散落着一簇簇苗族村寨，像珍珠一样。本句是倒装句型，主语是a cluster of Miao villages，sit(坐落在)是谓语动词，与主语之间是主动关系，结合句意，描述客观事实，用一般现在时态，又因“a cluster of+名词”作主语时，其后的谓语动词通常使用单数形式。故填sits。 6．考查固定句型和虚拟语气。句意：如果游客迷路了，也不用担心。根据句意，“_____ a tourist ever get lost”是虚拟条件状语从句，原句为“If a tourist should ever get lost”，在虚拟条件句中，如果有助动词should，可省略连词if，并将should置于从句句首；句首单词首字母大写。故填Should。 7．考查宾语从句。句意：一扇木窗会立刻打开，一位老人会把头伸出来，用简单、基本的普通话描述游客应该去哪里。“_____ the tourist should head”是宾语从句，结合句意，表示“游客应该去哪里”，用应连接副词where引导该从句，并在句中作地点状语。故填where。 8．考查状语从句。句意：成熟的稻子弯下了腰，好像在对大地赐予它生命表示感谢。根据句意，“_____ they were expressing gratefulness to the earth for giving it life”是方式状语从句，表示“好像……”，用连词as if或者as though引导该从句。故填as if/though。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：收割完毕后，稻子被整齐地捆扎起来，排列好，等待更好的处理。wait to do固定搭配，用不定式作宾语，又因handle与其逻辑主语rice之间是被动关系，所以用不定式的被动形式to be handled作宾语。故填to be handled。 10．考查介词。句意：如今，苗族人仍然保持着他们的传统生活方式和工作方式，尽管有成群的游客穿过他们的村庄。根据句意，“_____ the gazing crowds of tourists who pass through their villages”是让步状语，表示“尽管”，用介词despite构成介词短语作状语。故填despite。 Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．abandon  B．appealing  C． matter  D．foresighted  E. manner  F. maintain G. declining  H. costs  I. rushing  J. aggressive  K. transition In this world of rapid changes, everything seems to be possible. There will eventually come a day when the New York Times stops publishing stories on paper.  Exactly when that day will be is a 11 of debate. “Sometime in the future,” the paper’s publisher said back in 2010. Although people are nostalgia (怀旧) for ink on  paper, there are plenty of reasons to 12 print. The basic facilities required to make a physical newspaper, including printing presses and delivery trucks, is very expensive. Readers are keeping away from print anyway. And though print advertisement sales still overtake online and mobile counterparts, income from print is still 13 . Cost may be high and circulation lower, but 14 to eliminate its print edition would be a mistake, says BuzzFeed CEO Jonah Petretti. Petretti says the Times shouldn’t waste time giving up the print business, but only if they go about doing it the right way. “Figuring out a way to speed up 15 makes sense for them,” he said. Petretti gives the example of Netflix discounting its DVD-mailing service to focus on streaming (流媒体). “It was once seen as a(n) mistake.” he said. But the move turned out to be 16 . “If I were in charge at the Times, I wouldn’t pick a year to end print,” Petretti said, “I would raise prices and make it into more of a legacy product, which has some advantage over a modern product, making it 17 for customers to keep it around.” As a matter of fact, the most loyal customers would still get the product they favor. The idea goes, and they’d feel like that they were helping 18 the quality of something they believe in. In other words, if you’re going to print product, make it for the people who are already obsessed with it, which may be what the Times is doing already. Getting the print edition seven days a week 19 nearly $500 a year — more than twice as much as a digital-only subscription. “It’s a really hard thing to do and it’s a tremendous luxury that BuzzFeed doesn’t have a legacy business,” Petretti remarked. “But we’re going to have questions like that. We’re doing things that don’t make sense when the market changes and so does the world. In those situations, it’s better to be more 20 . Otherwise, we can’t survive the fierce competition. 【答案】 11．C 12．A 13．G 14．I 15．K 16．D 17．B 18．F 19．H 20．J 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。在快速变化的时代，《纽约时报》将取消纸质印刷。BuzzFeed首席执行官Jonah Petretti认为这是不明智的选择，并列举了一些原因和例子。 11．考查名词。句意：这一天的具体时间还是一个要讨论的事情。a matter of “……的问题”符合句意，名词matter作表语。故填C。 12．考查动词。句意：尽管人们怀念纸上的墨水，但有很多理由放弃印刷。根据下文“The basic facilities required to make a physical newspaper, including printing presses and delivery trucks, is very expensive.(制作实体报纸所需的基本设施，包括印刷机和送货车，都非常昂贵)”可知，空处词为abandon“放弃”符合句意，to后接动词原形形式。故填A。 13．考查动词。句意：尽管纸媒广告的销售额仍超过了在线和移动广告，但纸媒广告的收入仍在下降。根据上文“though print advertisement sales still overtake online and mobile counterparts”可知，尽管纸媒广告的销售额仍超过了在线和移动广告，但纸媒广告的收入仍在下降。空处为现在进行时，现在分词declining“下降”符合句意。故填G。 14．考查动词。句意：BuzzFeed首席执行官乔纳•佩特雷蒂表示，成本可能很高，发行量可能较低，但急于取消印刷版将是一个错误。由下文“Petretti says the Times shouldn’t waste time giving up the print business, but only if they go about doing it the right way.(佩特雷蒂说，《泰晤士报》不应该浪费时间放弃印刷业务，但前提是他们要以正确的方式去做)”可知，急于取消印刷版将是一个错误，动名词作主语，rushing“匆忙”符合句意。故填I。 15．考查名词。句意：“找到一种加速转型的方法对他们来说是有意义的，”他说。名词作宾语，transition“转变” 符合句意。故填K。 16．考查形容词。句意：但事实证明，这一举措是有远见的。be后接形容词，foresighted“有远见的”符合句意。 故填D。 17．考查形容词。句意：佩特雷蒂说：“如果我是《纽约时报》的负责人，我不会选择在哪一年停止印刷，我会提高价格，让它更像一种传统产品，比现代产品有一些优势，让它吸引顾客继续使用。根据上文“which has some advantage over a modern product”可知，形容词appealing“有吸引力的”作宾语补足语。故填B。 18．考查动词。句意：他们的想法是，他们会觉得自己在帮助维持他们所相信的东西的质量。help (to) do sth.，该空动词原形形式，动词maintain“维持”符合句意。故填F。 19．考查动词。句意：每周7天订阅印刷版一年要花费近500美元——是数字版订阅的两倍多。动名词短语作主语，谓语为单数形式，costs“花费”符合句意。故填H。 20．考查形容词。句意：在这种情况下，最好采取更积极的态度。形容词作表语，aggressive“积极进取的”符合句意。故填J。 III. Reading Comprehension (45分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context “It’s almost a moral duty that museums should be free,” said Glenn Lowry, director of the Museum of Modern Art (MOMA) in 2002, when a ticket to MOMA cost $12. In October MOMA started charging $30, the latest in a series of price 21 involving the Metropolitan Museum, the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art and so on. Higher energy and labour costs have pushed up ticket prices in Europe, too. Prices have remained 22 only in Asia and the Middle East, where museums are younger and state funding is especially generous. Ticket fees may seem high, particularly in destination cities where tourists are 23 to be discouraged by spending a few more dollars. But whatever museums 24 , it is not covering their operating costs. The Association of Art Museum Directors reported in 2018 that ticket sales accounted on average for just 7% of total 25 at American art museums. Memberships contributed another 7%. The 26 of budgets usually come from charitable donations, grants and retail operations. European museums are less 27 admissions fees, because they are often heavily subsidized (补助) by governments. All national institutions in Britain offer free admission, as do most state-run museums in China while in America some 30% are free. Some observers have repeated Mr Lowry’s call for museum to stop charging for 28 entirely. 29 price s go against museums’goal of sharing art with a more diverse public. They could also speed up the already steep decline in the share of Americans attending museums and galleries. Declining public interest is a challenge for institutions that rely heavily on public support. Those who choose not to visit a museum today may be the people who 30 government subsidies or refuse to write personal cheques as sponsors in a few years. Those who spend time inside museums’galleries are more likely to grasp their richness and want to 31 their own riches in them. Yet significantly reducing costs may not actually do much to 32   new audiences either. If tickets were free, “people who typically come anyway might come more often. 33 that, you’re not really changing your demographic (观众结构), says an economist who studies pricing in the arts. He 34 museums to the best American university: Harvard could afford to make tuition free for all, but many wealthy students who do not need the gift would be among the biggest beneficiaries(受益者). As museums throughout the West debate what price is right, most are unlikely to conclude the answer is 35 , “moral duty” or not. 21．A．lists B．rises C．controls D．wars 22．A．ascending B．flexible C．awe-inspiring D．stable 23．A．unlikely B．supposed C．dissatisfied D．bound 24．A．promote B．submit C．charge D．exhibit 25．A．attendance B．donation C．operation D．revenue 26．A．motivation B．remainder C．generosity D．mixture 27．A．reliant on B．resistant to C．pessimistic about D．tolerant of 28．A．survival B．budgets C．collections D．admission 29．A．Floating B．Discounted C．Ballooning D．Competitive 30．A．contribute to B．vote against C．count on D．despair of 31．A．invest B．evaluate C．anchor D．assemble 32．A．discourage B．relieve C．attract D．entitle 33．A．With a view to B．Apart from C．Contrary to D．For fear of 34．A．credits B．attaches C．refers D．compares 35．A．zero B．both C．wrong D．above 【答案】 21．B 22．D 23．A 24．C 25．D 26．B 27．A 28．D 29．C 30．A 31．A 32．C 33．B 34．D 35．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，探讨了博物馆是否应对公众免费开放的问题，以及门票价格对博物馆运营和观众多样性的影响。 21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在10月，现代艺术博物馆（MoMA）开始收取30美元的门票，这是包括大都会博物馆、旧金山现代艺术博物馆等一系列价格上涨中的最新一次。A. lists清单；B. rises上涨；C. controls控制；D. wars战争。根据上文“MOMA started charging $30”可知，这是价格的上涨，故选B项。 22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：只有在亚洲和中东，价格一直保持稳定，那里的博物馆较新，国家资助尤其慷慨。A. ascending上升的；B. flexible灵活的；C. awe-inspiring令人敬畏的；D. stable稳定的。根据下文“where museums are younger and state funding is especially generous”可知，这些地区的博物馆较新，国家资助尤其慷慨可推理出这些地区的博物馆的价格保持稳定，故选D项。 23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：门票费用可能看起来很高，尤其是在旅游目的地城市，游客不太可能因为多花几美元而却步。A. unlikely不太可能的；B. supposed假定的；C. dissatisfied不满意的；D. bound一定的。根据下文“by spending a few more dollars”可知，游客不太可能因为多花几美元就不去，故选A项。 24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但无论博物馆收取多少费用，都无法覆盖其运营成本。A. promote促进；B. submit提交；C. charge收费；D. exhibit展览。根据下文“it is not covering their operating costs”可知，此处说的是博物馆的收费，故选C项。 25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：2018年，艺术博物馆馆长协会报告称，门票销售平均仅占美国艺术博物馆总收入的7%。A. attendance出席；B. donation捐赠；C. operation操作；D. revenue收入。根据下文“ticket sales accounted on average for just 7%”可知，说的是门票在总收入中的占比，故选D项。 26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：预算的剩余部分通常来自慈善捐赠、赠款和零售业务。A. motivation动机；B. remainder剩余部分；C. generosity慷慨；D. mixture混合。根据下文“usually come from charitable donations, grants and retail operations”可知，此处说的是其余部分的来源，故选B项。 27．考查形容词短语辨析。句意：欧洲博物馆不太依赖门票收入，因为它们通常得到政府的大量补贴。A. reliant on依赖；B. resistant to抵抗；C. pessimistic about对……悲观；D. tolerant of对……宽容。根据下文“because they are often heavily subsidized (补助) by governments”可知，欧洲博物馆不太依赖门票，故选A项。 28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些观察人士再次响应洛瑞先生的呼吁，要求博物馆完全停止收取入场费。A. survival生存；B. budgets预算；C. collections收藏；D. admission入场。根据上文“Mr Lowry’s call for museum to stop charging”可知，是停止收取博物馆的入场费，故选D项。 29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不断上涨的价格违背了博物馆与更多不同公众分享艺术的目标。A. Floating漂浮的；B. Discounted打折的；C. Ballooning膨胀的；D. Competitive有竞争力的。根据下文“prices go against museums’ goal of sharing art with a more diverse public”以及“They could also speed up the already steep decline in the share of Americans attending museums and galleries”可知，此处说的是价格的上涨，故选C项。 30．考查动词短语辨析。句意：那些今天选择不去博物馆的人，可能就是几年后捐献政府补贴或拒绝以赞助人身份开具私人支票的人。A. contribute to捐献；B. vote against投票反对；C. count on依靠；D. despair of绝望。根据下文“government subsidies”可知，此处说的是捐献政府补贴，故选A项。 31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那些在博物馆画廊里花时间的人更有可能领会其丰富性，并希望在其中投资自己的财富。A. invest投资；B. evaluate评估；C. anchor使固定；D. assemble集合。根据下文“their own riches”可知，是投资财富，故选A项。 32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，大幅降低成本实际上也可能无法吸引新的观众。A. discourage使气馁；B. relieve缓解；C. attract吸引；D. entitle使有资格。根据下文“new audiences”可知，是吸引新观众，故选C项。 33．考查介词短语辨析。句意：除此之外，你并没有真正改变你的观众结构，一位研究艺术定价的经济学家说。A. With a view to着眼于；B. Apart from除……之外；C. Contrary to与……相反；D. For fear of唯恐。根据下文“you’re not really changing your demographic (观众结构)”可知，此处说的是除了前面提到的情况之外，你并没有真正改变你的观众结构，故选B项。 34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他将博物馆比作美国最好的大学：哈佛大学可以为所有人提供免费学费，但许多不需要这份礼物的富家子弟将是最大的受益者。A. credits归功于；B. attaches附加；C. refers参考；D. compares比较。根据下文“museums to the best American university”可知，是将两者进行比较，故选 D 项。 35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在西方各地的博物馆都在讨论合适的价格时，大多数博物馆不太可能得出答案是零的结论，不管是不是“道德责任”。A. zero零；B. both两者都；C. wrong错误的；D. above上述的。根据上文“It’s almost a moral duty that museums should be free”可知，此处说的是免费即价格为零的问题，故选A项。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A Climbing, I once thought, was a very manly activity, but as I found my way into this activity, I came to see that something quite different happens on the rock. Like wild swimming, rock climbing involves you into the landscape. On the rock, I am fully focused. Eyes pay close attention, ears are alert, and hands move across the surface. Unlike walking, where I could happily wander about absent-mindedly, in climbing, attentive observation is essential. As an arts student studying English literature, I discovered a new type of reading from outdoor climbing. Going out on to the crags (悬出), I saw how you could learn to read the rocks and develop a vocabulary of physical movements. Good climbers knew how to adjust their bodies on to the stone. Watching them, I wanted to possess that skillful “language”. My progress happened when I worked for the Caingorms National Park Authority. Guiding my explorations into this strange pew landscape was Nan Shepherd, a lady too. Unlike the goal-directed mindset of many mountaineers, she is not concerned with peaks or personal achievement. Shepherd sees the mountain as a total environment and she celebrates the Caingorms as a place alive with plants, rocks, animals and elements. Through her generous spirit and my own curiosity, I saw that rock climbing need not be a process of testing oneself against anything. Rather, the intensity of focus could develop a person into another way of being. Spending so much time in high and stony places has transformed my view on the adhesion between us and the world. I have come into physical contact with processes that go way beyond the everyday. Working with gravity, geology, rhythms of weather and deep time, I gain an actual relationship with the earth. This bond lies at the heart of my passion for rock climbing. I return to the rocks, because this is where I feel in contact with our land. 36．Why does the author like rock climbing? A．It challenges her to compete with men. B．It allows her a unique attitude toward rock. C．It makes her feel connected with the earth. D．It teaches her how to possess a new language. 37．What does the writer find important in climbing? A．Balance. B．Concentration. C．Determination. D．Perseverance 38．What does the writer learn from Nan Shepherd? A．Every mountaintop is within reach. B．Climbing goes together with nature. C．The best climber is the one having fun. D．You cannot achieve high unless you change. 39．What does the underlined word “adhesion”in the last paragraph refer to? A．Process. B．Progress. C．Connection. D．Altitude. 【答案】36．C 37．B 38．B 39．C 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者从对攀岩的初步印象到逐渐深入并热爱上这项活动的心路历程，以及攀岩给她带来的对自然和世界的全新认识。 36．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“This bond lies at the heart of my passion for rock climbing. I return to the rocks, because this is where I feel in contact with our land.(这种联系是我热爱攀岩的核心。我回到岩石上，因为在这里我感觉与我们的土地有联系)”可知，作者喜欢攀岩是因为它让她感觉与地球有联系。故选C项。 37．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Unlike walking, where I could happily wander about absent-mindedly, in climbing, attentive observation is essential.(与散步不同，在散步时我可以心不在焉地漫步，而在攀岩时，专注的观察是至关重要的)”可知，作者在攀岩中发现专注很重要。故选B项。 38．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Unlike the goal-directed mindset of many mountaineers, she is not concerned with peaks or personal achievement. Shepherd sees the mountain as a total environment and she celebrates the Caingorms as a place alive with plants, rocks, animals and elements.(与许多登山者以目标为导向的心态不同，她并不关心山峰或个人成就。Shepherd把山看作是一个整体环境，她把凯恩戈姆山脉视为一个充满植物、岩石、动物和元素的有生命的地方)”可知，Nan Shepherd并不关心登顶或个人成就，她把山看作是一个整体的环境，她赞颂凯恩戈姆山脉是一个充满生命的地方。由此可推知，作者从Nan Shepherd那里学到了攀岩是与自然融为一体的。故选B项。 39．词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“I have come into physical contact with processes that go way beyond the everyday. Working with gravity, geology, rhythms of weather and deep time, I gain an actual relationship with the earth.(我已经与超越日常的过程有了身体上的接触。通过与重力、地质、天气节奏和深时的工作，我与地球建立了实际的关系)”可知，作者在攀岩过程中与地球建立了实际的关系，即作者与地球之间有了某种联系，再结合“Spending so much time in high and stony places has transformed my view on the adhesion between us and the world.(在高耸多石的地方呆了这么久，改变了我对我们与世界之间adhesion的看法)”可推知，改变的就是“联系”，划线词adhesion与下文connection同义。故选C项。 B We’re lucky enough to have some of the best art exhibitions happening in NYC right now: Ice Cold: An Exhibition of Hip-Hop Jewelry (首饰) Open through January 5, 2025 Representing the history of hip-hop from the 1980s to today, Ice Cold features some of the jewelry worn by hip-hop’s biggest cultural influences. The exhibit walks through the development of jewelry and its relationship with rap culture. Other artists’ accessories (配饰) on display include Nicki Minaj and Erykah Badu. Price: Museum admission Where: American Museum of Admission Paul McCartney Photographs 1963-64: Eyes of the Storm Open through August 18, 2024 Get an inside look into the life of Paul McCartney, the famous member of The Beatles. In this brand new exhibition, you’ll get a look into never-before-seen photos from the peak era of his career. With over 250 photos on display, you can see a personal glimpse into the band’s 1960s touring schedule and his personal life outside music. If you like The Beatles this exhibit is a must-visit. Price: Museum admission Where: Brooklyn Museum Sleeping Beauties: Reawakening Fashion Open through September 2, 2024 Sleeping Beauties: Reawakening Fashion features around 220 fashion dresses and accessories. They takes the theme of nature to a whole new level. You can smell your way through the exhibit, touch the walls and dresses, and check out how the “artwork” of fashion can be brought back to life through sensory experience Price: Museum admission Where: The Metropolitan Museum of ArtBLOOMTANICA Open through June 9, 2024 Designed in partnership with celebrity floral artist Jeff Leatham and Genesis House, this brand new exhibit is a total visual feast inspired by the principles and practices that shape Korean gardens. Visitors can walk through this first-of-its-kind journey that mixes nature and technology like never before. Price: Free Where: 40A 10th Ave 40．Which exhibition might rappers visit? A．BLOOMTANICA． B．Sleeping Beauties: Reawakening Fashion. C．Ice Cold: An Exhibition of Hip-Hop Jewelry. D．Paul McCartney Photographs 1963-64: Eyes of the Storm. 41．Where are the precious images of the band exhibited? A．American Museum of Admission. B．Brooklyn Museum. C．The Metropolitan Museum of Art. D．40A 10th Ave. 42．What do we know about Sleeping Beauties: Reawakening Fashion? A．It is free of charge. B．It mixes nature and technology. C．It celebrates hip-hop culture. D．It is a feast for different sense. 【答案】40．C 41．B 42．D 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在纽约市正在举行的四个不同的艺术展览，包括各自的特色、开放时间和地点等信息。 40．细节理解题。根据Ice Cold: An Exhibition of Hip-Hop Jewelry部分中的“Representing the history of hip-hop from the 1980s to today, Ice Cold features some of the jewelry worn by hip-hop’s biggest cultural influences. (Ice Cold展览代表了从20世纪80年代至今的嘻哈历史，展出了一些嘻哈文化最大影响力人物佩戴的珠宝)”可知，Ice Cold展览了一些嘻哈文化最大影响力人物佩戴的珠宝，因此嘻哈歌手可能会参观这个展览。故选C项。 41．细节理解题。根据Paul McCartney Photographs 1963-64: Eyes of the Storm部分中的“With over 250 photos on display, you can see a personal glimpse into the band’s 1960s touring schedule and his personal life outside music. If you like The Beatles this exhibit is a must-visit. Price: Museum admission Where: Brooklyn Museum (展出超过250张照片，你可以从中窥见乐队20世纪60年代的巡演安排以及他在音乐之外的个人生活。如果你喜欢披头士乐队，这个展览是必看的。价格：博物馆入场费。地点：布鲁克林博物馆)”可知，珍贵的照片在布鲁克林博物馆展出。故选B项。 42．细节理解题。根据Sleeping Beauties: Reawakening Fashion部分中的“You can smell your way through the exhibit, touch the walls and dresses, and check out how the “artwork” of fashion can be brought back to life through sensory experience (你可以通过嗅觉体验展览，触摸墙壁和衣服，并看看如何通过感官体验将时尚的“艺术品”重新焕发生机)”可知，Sleeping Beauties: Reawakening Fashion展览是一个多感官的盛宴，参观者可以通过嗅觉、触觉等多种感官来体验展览。故选D项。 C One day I typed into ChatGPT all about my upset feelings and it instantly responded, offering a list of practical advice. Nowadays million pens of people are already turning to ChatGPT and specialist therapy (治疗) chatbots for convenient and inexpensive men al health support. Some experts say this is a boon. After all, AI, undisturbed by embarrassment, might be able to express empathy (同理心) more openly and tirelessly than humans. But others worry about the consequences of people seeking emotional support from machines that can only pretend to care. Some even wonder if the rise of so- called empathetic AI might change the way we interact with one another. Indeed, empathy is one of our species’ defining qualities, developing as it did in pace with social interaction. One recent analysis about empathy looked at 52 studies published between 1980 and 2019, which shows that the empathizer must first be able to recognize how the other person is feeling. They must also be affected by those emotions and distinguish themselves and the other person, grasping that the other person’s feelings aren’t their own while still being able to imagine the other person’s experience. On the first point, in recent years, AI- powered chatbots have made progress in their ability to read human emotions, most powered by large language models (LLMs) that work by predicting which words are most likely to appear together based on training data. In this way, LLMs like ChatGPT can seemingly identify our feelings and respond appropriately most of the time. But when it comes to the other criteria, AI still misses the mark in many ways. Empathy is interpersonal, with continued feedback helping to perfect the sympathizer’s response, which also requires some degree of intuitive (直觉的) awareness of an individual and their situation. All of this helps to explain conversations like the ones I had with ChatGPT. At the end of the day, despite talking to multiple chatbots online, I did what I knew I had to do all along: I picked up my phone and called a friend. 43．What does the underlined word “boon” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Challenge. B．Misunderstanding. C．Trap. D．Blessing. 44．What does the recent analysis show about empathy? A．It starts with identifying emotions. B．It relies on rich imagination. C．It requires clear communication. D．It ignores individual difference. 45．What can AI do according to paragraph 4? A．Recognize one’s real desire. B．Provide data- driven response.. C．Solve all the emotion puzzles. D．Predict one’s behavior by intuition. 46．What does the author think of ChatGPT? A．Its development should be sped up. B．Its intelligence is winning more favor. C．Its application should be strictly managed. D．Its artificial kindness is no match for humans’. 【答案】43．D 44．A 45．B 46．D 【导语】本文为一篇说明文，主要讲述了人们现在越来越倾向于使用ChatGPT和专业的聊天机器人来获取方便且低成本的心理支持。 43．词句猜测题。根据划线词上一段“Nowadays million pens of people are already turning to ChatGPT and specialist therapy (治疗) chatbots for convenient and inexpensive menal health support. (如今，数以百万计的人已经转向ChatGPT和专家治疗聊天机器人，以获得方便和廉价的心理健康支持。)”及划线词后文“After all, AI, undisturbed by embarrassment, might be able to express empathy (同理心) more openly and tirelessly than humans. (毕竟，不受尴尬干扰的人工智能或许能够比人类更公开、更不知疲倦地表达同理心。)”可知，一些专家说找ChatGPT和聊天机器人聊天是一种福音，因为机器人能更公开、更不知疲倦地表达同理心。划线词与Blessing意思相近。故选D。 44．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“One recent analysis about empathy looked at 52 studies published between 1980 and 2019, which shows that the empathizer must first be able to recognize how the other person is feeling. They must also be affected by those emotions and distinguish themselves and the other person, grasping that the other person’s feelings aren’t their own while still being able to imagine the other person’s experience. (最近一项关于同理心的分析研究了1980年至2019年发表的52项研究，这些研究表明，同理心者必须首先能够识别对方的感受。他们还必须受到这些情绪的影响，并将自己和他人区分开来，在理解他人的感受不是自己的同时，仍然能够想象他人的经历。)”可知，最近的分析表明，同理心从识别情绪开始。故选A。 45．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“On the first point, in recent years, AI- powered chatbots have made progress in their ability to read human emotions, most powered by large language models (LLMs) that work by predicting which words are most likely to appear together based on training data. In this way, LLMs like ChatGPT can seemingly identify our feelings and respond appropriately most of the time. (关于第一点，近年来，人工智能驱动的聊天机器人在阅读人类情绪的能力方面取得了进展，其中最大的动力是大型语言模型LLMs，该模型通过基于训练数据预测哪些单词最有可能一起出现。通过这种方式，像ChatGPT这样的LLMs似乎可以识别我们的感受，并在大多数时候做出适当的反应。)”可知，AI能够提供数据驱动反馈。故选B。 46．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“All of this helps to explain conversations like the ones I had with ChatGPT. At the end of the day, despite talking to multiple chatbots online, I did what I knew I had to do all along: I picked up my phone and called a friend. (所有这些都有助于解释我与ChatGPT的对话。在一天结束的时候，尽管我在网上和多个聊天机器人聊天，我还是做了我知道我一直必须做的事情：我拿起手机给一个朋友打了电话。)”可知，作者还是更依赖人类进行交流，因此，AI人为的善良是无法与人类匹配的。故选D。 Section C Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. How Climate Change Will Hit Holidaymaking “Arrived in Bologna, Italy, now it’s off to Tuscany. The heatwave is spectacular here. Climate change is destroying southern Europe. An era comes to an end.” This tweet in early July by Karl Lauterbach, Germany’s health minister, went down badly in Italy. The country’s minister for tourism, Danisla Santanchè sourly replied that she thanked Mr Lauterbach for picking Italy for his holiday. 47 and that sustainability has always been Italian government’s answer to managing tourism. 48 Europe is the planet’s most visited region, welcoming 585 million of the world’s 900 million international travelers in 2022. On top of this, domestic holiday-makers outnumbered foreigners in terms of nights spent in tourist accommodation in the EU. Little wonder then that the sector directly generates 5% of the EU’s GDP and by some estimates indirectly accounts for more than 10%. Changes to the climate that lead to ever-wilder weather could deliver a huge blow to the tourist industry. 49 Extreme hot weather in Italy in July contributed to wildfires that hit Sicily as the temperature at one time climbed to 47°C． Despite the damage, Italy’s tourism industry — and that of Europe as a whole — is set for a record summer this year as holidaymakers return in force after the travel restrictions of the pandemic. 50 According to Demoskopika, a market researcher, 68 milllion people will have taken a holiday in Italy this summer, with around half arriving from abroad. Can the recovery last if tourists are fearful of the effects of climate change in years to come? Italian tourism industry has promised to hit the targets of the Paris climate agreement by 2050. Yet such efforts by industry to reduce the effects of global warming will have little overall impact. A．More significantly, tourism will need to adapt to climate change. B．Tourist industry is not just one of the important contributors to Italy’s economy. C．Climate change also threatens the livelihoods of those who rely on income from tourism. D．This year southern Europe has endured an abnormally unstable summer. E．Few have cancelled trips despite the dangers that may await them. F．However, the Italian government was well aware of climate change. 【答案】47．F 48．B 49．D 50．E 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了极端天气正在影响欧洲的旅游业。 47．根据上文““Arrived in Bologna, Italy, now it’s off to Tuscany. The heatwave is spectacular here. Climate change is destroying southern Europe. An era comes to an end.” This tweet in early July by Karl Lauterbach, Germany’s health minister, went down badly in Italy. The country’s minister for tourism, Danisla Santanchè sourly replied that she thanked Mr Lauterbach for picking Italy for his holiday.(“抵达意大利博洛尼亚，现在要去托斯卡纳。这里的热浪很壮观。气候变化正在摧毁南欧。一个时代结束了。”7月初，德国卫生部长卡尔•劳特巴赫的这条推特在意大利引起了轩然大波。该国旅游部长Danisla Santanchè刻薄地回答说，她感谢劳特巴赫先生选择在意大利度假)”以及后文“and that sustainability has always been Italian government’s answer to managing tourism.(可持续性一直是意大利政府管理旅游业的答案)”可知，上文提到了意大利度假的言论，后文提到了意大利政府管理旅游业，推测本句是在说明政府清楚地知道气候变化对于意大利的影响。故F选项“然而，意大利政府很清楚气候变化”符合语境，故选F。 48．根据本段内容“Europe is the planet’s most visited region, welcoming 585 million of the world’s 900 million international travelers in 2022. On top of this, domestic holiday-makers outnumbered foreigners in terms of nights spent in tourist accommodation in the EU. Little wonder then that the sector directly generates 5% of the EU’s GDP and by some estimates indirectly accounts for more than 10%.(欧洲是全球游客最多的地区，到2022年，欧洲将接待全球9亿国际游客中的5.85亿。最重要的是，国内游客在欧盟旅游住宿的过夜时间超过了外国人。难怪该部门直接贡献了欧盟GDP的5%，据估计间接贡献了10%以上)”可知，本段主要说明了旅游业对经济的重要影响，故B选项“旅游业不仅是意大利经济的重要贡献者”符合语境，故选B。 49．根据上文“Changes to the climate that lead to ever-wilder weather could deliver a huge blow to the tourist industry.(气候变化导致天气越来越恶劣，这可能会对旅游业造成巨大打击)”以及后文“Extreme hot weather in Italy in July contributed to wildfires that hit Sicily as the temperature at one time climbed to 47°C.(意大利7月份极端炎热的天气导致西西里岛发生野火，气温一度攀升至47摄氏度)”可知，后文提到了极端炎热的夏天，即夏季气候不稳定，故D选项“今年，南欧经历了一个异常不稳定的夏天”符合语境，故选D。 50．根据上文“Despite the damage, Italy’s tourism industry — and that of Europe as a whole — is set for a record summer this year as holidaymakers return in force after the travel restrictions of the pandemic. (尽管受到了损害，但随着度假者在大流行的旅行限制后大批返回，意大利乃至整个欧洲的旅游业今年夏天将创下历史新高)”以及后文“According to Demoskopika, a market researcher, 68 milllion people will have taken a holiday in Italy this summer, with around half arriving from abroad.(据市场研究机构Demoskopika称，今年夏天将有6800万人在意大利度假，其中约一半来自国外)”可知，上文提到了受到损害，后文则提到度假的人一半来自国外，推测尽管有危险，但人们还是坚持去旅游了。故E选项“尽管可能面临危险，但很少有人取消旅行”符合语境，故选E。 IV. Summary Writing （10分） 51．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in NO MORE THAN 60 WORDS. Use your own words as far as possible. Light the Cities of the Future A previously unlit cycle path in the Netherlands has recently drawn our attention. It has been resurfaced with a material that consists of thousands of shining stones in order to create a well-lit route. The Van Gogh Path, so called after the artist who lived in the town of Nuenen in 1883, combines the traditional with the contemporary in a gesture that acknowledge ledges Van Gingh’ masterpiece The Starry Night, but also shows the way ahead for city lighting. The Van Gogh Path is not a single case; it is not difficult to foresee a time when natural materials could help light the cities of the future. Why should we care about city lighting? What’s wrong with current electrical city lighting anyway? Well, the problem that it causes is two-fold. First, of course, electrical lighting in most cities comes from non-renewable resources. According to the International Energy Agency, almost 20% of global electricity is consumed for lighting, which is responsible for high levels of carbon emissions. But there’s also the belief that electrical light itself is a form of pollution by destroying our view of the night sky. From the above reasons, then, it seems wise to investigate other approaches. The city of Glasgow is attempting to use intelligent street lighting to monitor how citizens interact with the urban landscape and minimize electrical consumption and thus emissions. This “Smart City approach” is seen by many as the way of the future, but some designers aren’t convinced. They are pioneering the altogether more original approach of using materials from the natural world in order to replace electrical light entirely. They believe that this new “technology” can one day completely replace microchips and digital systems as we find better ways of making use of the light-producing mechanisms (制) that already exist in the natural world. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The passage discusses the innovation in city lighting by introducing the Van Gogh Path in the Netherlands, which uses luminous stones for illumination. It highlights the environmental and aesthetic issues with current electrical lighting and explores alternatives such as intelligent street lighting and natural materials to create a more sustainable and visually appealing urban environment. 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章首先介绍了荷兰一条新铺设的发光自行车道——梵高之路，它使用了数千颗发光石来照明，以此引出城市照明的未来趋势。接着，文章讨论了当前城市照明存在的问题，包括能源消耗和光污染，并提出了智能街道照明和利用自然材料作为替代方案。最后，文章展望了这些新技术可能完全取代现有微芯片和数字系统的未来。 【详解】1 要点摘录 ①The Van Gogh Path in the Netherlands has been resurfaced with luminous stones to create a well-lit route. ②Electrical lighting in most cities comes from non-renewable resources and contributes to high levels of carbon emissions. ③Electrical light is considered a form of pollution that destroys our view of the night sky. ④Alternatives such as intelligent street lighting and natural materials are being explored to create a more sustainable urban environment. 2. 缜密构思 将第①要点作为引入，第②和第③要点整合讨论现有城市照明的问题，第④要点作为解决方案和未来展望。 3. 遣词造句 The Van Gogh Path, a luminous cycle path in the Netherlands, represents an innovative approach to city lighting. Current electrical city lighting is problematic due to its reliance on non-renewable resources and the pollution it causes. Alternatives like intelligent street lighting and the use of natural materials are being considered for a more sustainable and visually pleasing urban environment. 【点睛】[高分句型1] The passage discusses the innovation in city lighting by introducing the Van Gogh Path in the Netherlands, which uses luminous stones for illumination. 运用了which引导的定语从句对第一段进行了总结。其中prep+doing的表达非常实用。 [高分句型2] It highlights the environmental and aesthetic issues with current electrical lighting and explores alternatives such as intelligent street lighting and natural materials to create a more sustainable and visually appealing urban environment. 运用了such as作状语对第二段和第三段进行了总结。其中遣词造句非常高级。 V. Translation （15分） Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52．为了加快进度, 工人们埋头苦干。(bury)(汉译英) 【答案】 The workers buried themselves / were buried in hard work in order to speed up (the progress). In order to speed up (the progress), the workers buried themselves /were buried in hard work. 【详解】考查介词短语和动词短语。根据所给中文提示词，“为了加快进度”可用介词短语：in order to意为“为了”，“加快”可用动词短语：speed up，“进度”译为“the progress”，其中the progress可省略，译为“in order to speed up (the progress)”为介词短语作目的状语，既可以放句尾也可以放句首；“工人们埋头苦干”为主句，根据题干要求需用bury，所以“埋头苦干”可用动词短语：bury oneself in或者be buried in意为“埋头于”，结合“工人们”可知反身代词themselves；使用描述已发生的事，句子时态用一般过去时，译为“the workers buried themselves in hard work”或者“the workers were buried in hard work”。故译为：The workers buried themselves / were buried in hard work in order to speed up (the progress).或In order to speed up (the progress), the workers buried themselves /were buried in hard work. 53．年轻时蹉跎的时光，人老了就会想尽办法来弥补，这并不令人惊讶。(surprise n.) (汉译英) 【答案】It is not surprising that people try to make up for the wasted time in their youth when they get old. 【详解】考查形式主语以及主语从句。本句话使用固定句型“It is not surprising that…”，意为“不足为奇的是……”，it为形式主语，that从句为真正的主语。“人老了”用时间状语从句“when they get old”，句子的主语为people，“尽力做某事”可用动词短语try to do sth.。句子陈述一般事实，所以用一般现在时态。“弥补”用动词短语make up for，“年轻时蹉跎的时光”可翻译为“the wasted time in their youth”，the wasted time作介词for的宾语。故翻译为It is not surprising that people try to make up for the wasted time in their youth when they get old. 54．令我们无比感动的是, 尽管道路险阻, 警察们最终成功营救了困在雪地的游客们。(despite)(汉译英) 【答案】What made us moved/touched a lot was that the police finally managed to rescue the tourists trapped in the snow despite the dangerous and difficult / rough road. 【详解】考查主语从句、表语从句和时态。本句在陈述过去的事实，为一般过去时。令我们无比感动的是翻译为主语从句What made us moved/touched a lot ，系动词为was后接表语从句，从句句意和句子完整，连接词为that。表语从句的主语为 the police，manage to do sth“设法做某事”，营救了困在雪地的游客们翻译为“rescue the tourists trapped in the snow despite the dangerous and difficult / rough road”，其中过去分词作后置定语。故翻译为：What made us moved/touched a lot was that the police finally managed to rescue the tourists trapped in the snow despite the dangerous and difficult / rough road. 55．直到他的导师给了他一个去国外进行学术交流的机会时，他才意识到自己本该在高中和大学时期在英语学习上多花些时间。(It) (汉译英) 【答案】It was not until his tutor gave him an opportunity to go abroad for academic exchange that he realized he should have spent more time on English learning in high school and college. 【详解】考查强调句型和从句、时态。表示“直到……时”用not until引导时间状语从句，表示“他的导师”用his tutor，“给他一个……的机会”为give him an opportunity to do，表示“去国外进行学术交流”为go abroad for academic exchange，此处将状语从句部分用It was/is+被强调部分+that强调句型进行强调。表示“意识到”用realize。句子为陈述过去的事情，用一般过去时，动词用过去式。realized后为that引导的宾语从句，that可以省略，表示“本应该”用should have done，表示“在高中和大学时期在英语学习上多花些时间”用spend more time on English learning in high school and college。故翻译为It was not until his tutor gave him an opportunity to go abroad for academic exchange that he realized he should have spent more time on English learning in high school and college. VI. Guided Writing （25分） Direction: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 56．Directions: Write an English composition in about 150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假如你是Jerry，你的朋友Lear准备设计一款智能手机app，可以帮助高中学生学习。他来信征求你的建议。请你给他回信，内容包括： （1）你需要的app的名称和功能； （2）你需要该app的理由； （3）你给该app的建议。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】I need an APP to prevent class slippage. It's called Stay Awake. Its main function is that when I feel sleepy, the APP will automatically issue an alarm to remind me to improve my attention in class. More and more students are sleeping in class. I really want to control this bad habit, but we find it difficult to control ourselves. In order to better improve class efficiency and my state, I need an App that can feel heat and breath and remind me to not to sleep at all times. The APP should be designed to be easy to use, and have computational capabilities and data display function without disturbing the people around me. I hope I can benefit from your invention. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。考生的朋友Lear准备设计一款智能手机app，可以帮助高中学生学习。他来信征求考生的建议。请考生给他回信。 【详解】1.词汇积累 提高：improve→promote 控制：control→contain 有：have→possess 想要做某事：want to do sth→would like to do sth 2.句式拓展 同义句 原句：The APP should be designed to be easy to use, and have computational capabilities and data display function without disturbing the people around me. 拓展句：The APP should be designed to be easy to use, having computational capabilities and data display function without disturbing the people around me. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Its main function is that when I feel sleepy, the APP will automatically issue an alarm to remind me to improve my attention in class.（运用了that引导的表语从句和when引导的时间状语从句） 【高分句型2】In order to better improve class efficiency and my state, I need an App that can feel heat and breath and remind me to not to sleep at all times.（运用了不定式作目的状语和that引导的定语从句） 试卷第20页，共24页 试卷第1页，共24页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$