Unit 1 Section Ⅲ Using Language-【金版教程】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第二册作业与测评word（人教版2019）

英语 选择性必修·第二册[人教版]作业与测评 Section Ⅲ　Using Language 课时作业(四) Ⅰ　根据语境及汉语提示和首字母提示完成句子 1．Strong ________ (领导才能) is needed to captain this team. 答案：leadership 2．The player's ________ (杰出的) performance left a deep impression on everyone present. 答案：outstanding 3．Many people live in poverty through no ________ (过错) of their own. 答案：fault 4．Jamie followed his mother around all day like a s________. 答案：shadow 5．A small baby has no c________ of right and wrong. 答案：concept Ⅱ　单句语法填空 1．I'm currently working in a large international company in charge ________ a team of 8 brokers; we buy and sell stocks for major clients worldwide. 答案：of 2．He is a ________ (gift) pianist who has been working hard to improve himself. 答案：gifted 3．The number of the company's exports has been increasing ________ (steady) in the past several years. 答案：steadily 4．Now my ________ (assist) will show you how to use this machine efficiently. 答案：assistant 5．Does everyone know what to do if a fire breaks ________？ 答案：out Ⅲ　单句表达 1．很难查到这些引语的来源。 These quotations cannot readily __________________ their sources. 答案：be traced to 2.一位经验丰富的工人负责这项工程。 An experienced worker is ______________________________． 答案：in charge of the project 3．他一定是得了重感冒，因为他嗓子痛。 He must have ____________________ a bad cold, for he has got a sore throat. 答案：come down with 4．我们的产品从质量、可靠性、尤其是多样性来看很有竞争力。 Our goods compete in terms of product quality, reliability and ____________ variety. 答案：above all 5．我应当指出，这些画中没有一幅是真迹。 I should ________________ not one of these paintings is original. 答案：point out that Ⅳ　阅读 A 　　(2024·湖北省武汉市七校高二上期中)Nobel Prizes for medicine, physics, chemistry, economy, literature as well as peace work are awarded every October, each recognizing an individual's or organization's remarkable contribution in a specific field. Here is a quick guide of 2023 winners. 　　Katalin Kariko and Drew Weissman 　　The two scientists contributed to the amazing rate of vaccine development during one of the greatest threats to human health in modern times. 　　Pierre Agostini, Ferenc Krausz and Anne L'Huillier 　　The trio are recognized for giving humanity new tools to explore the world of electrons, making it possible for us to understand and control how electrons behave in a material. 　　Narges Mohammadi 　　The Iranian activist is awarded for her fight against the suffering of women in Iran and her fight to promote women's rights and freedom. 　　Moungi G. Bawendi, Louis E. Brus and Alexei I. Ekimov 　　Awarded for their development of quantum (量子) dots, the three chemists really take people's breath away. These tiny particles can promote chemical reactions and their clear light can help doctors find harmful tissue in a patient's body. 　　Jon Fosse 　　The Norwegian playwriter touches on the deepest feelings that people have—anxieties, insecurities, questions of life and death—such things that every human being actually encounters. 　　Claudia Goldin 　　The Harvard professor helped us understand gender differences in the labour market and advanced our understanding of women's labour market outcomes. 篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几位诺贝尔奖获得者的事迹。 1．Who wins Nobel Prize in Physics? A．Jon Fosse. B．Louis E. Brus. C．Ferenc Krausz. D．Drew Weissman. 答案：C　推理判断题。根据Pierre Agostini, Ferenc Krausz and Anne L'Huillier部分“The trio are ... electrons behave in a material.(这三人被认为为人类提供了探索电子世界的新工具，使我们有可能理解和控制电子在材料中的行为。)”可推知，Ferenc Krausz (费伦茨·克劳斯)获得了诺贝尔物理学奖。故选C。 2．What do Narges Mohammadi and Claudia Goldin have in common? A．They speak up for women. B．They support workers' rights. C．They provide job opportunities. D．They promote economy development. 答案：A　细节理解题。根据Narges Mohammadi部分“The Iranian activist ... rights and freedom.”以及Claudia Goldin部分“The Harvard professor helped us understand ... women's labour market outcomes.”可知，Narges Mohammadi (纳尔吉斯·穆罕默迪)和Claudia Goldin (克劳迪娅·戈尔丁)二人的共同之处是她们都为女性发声。故选A。 3．Where is the text most probably from? A．A brochure. B．A medical report. C．A newspaper. D．A science fiction novel. 答案：C　推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了几位诺贝尔奖获得者的事迹。由此可推知，这篇文章可能来自一份报纸。故选C。 B 　　(2024·云南师范大学附属中学高二上月考)John von Neumann was the oldest of 3 children of a banker, and his speed of learning new ideas and solving problems stood out early. At 17, his father tried to persuade him not to become a mathematician because he might lead a poor life being a mathematician, so von Neumann agreed to study chemistry as well. In 1926, at 23, he received a degree in chemical engineering and a Ph.D. in mathematics. From then on, mathematics provided well enough for him, and he never had to turn to chemistry. 　 In 1930, von Neumann visited Princeton University for a year and then became a professor there. His first book was published in 1932. In 1933, the Institute for Advanced Study was formed, and he became one of the 6 full­time people in the School of Mathematics (Einstein was one of the others)． 　 World War Ⅱ hugely changed von Neumann's areas of interest. Until 1940 he had been a great pure mathematician. During and after the war, he became one of the best mathematicians who put mathematical theories into practice. During the last part of the war he became interested in computing machines and made several fundamental contributions. After the war, von Neumann continued his work with computers, and was generally very active in government service. He received many awards, was president of the American Mathematical Society and was a member of the Atomic Energy Commission. He died of cancer in 1957. 　 Von Neumann made several great contributions and any one of them would have been enough to earn him a firm place in history. He will be remembered as one of the greatest minds of the 20th century. 　 Von Neumann really was a legend in his own time, and there are a number of stories about him. His driving ability is a part of his legend. He reported one accident this way: “I was driving down the road. The trees on the right were passing me in an orderly fashion at 60 miles per hour. Suddenly one of them stepped in my path.” 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了著名的科学家John von Neumann (约翰·冯·诺依曼)的生平以及他取得的重大成就。 4．When was John von Neumann able to make a living with mathematics? A．1920. B．1932. C．1930. D．1926. 答案：D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“In 1926, at 23 ... had to turn to chemistry.(1926年，23岁的他获得了化学工程学位和数学博士学位。从那时起，数学为他提供了足够的条件，他再也没有转向化学。)”可知，1926年John von Neumann开始靠数学谋生。故选D。 5．What can be inferred about John von Neumann? A．He worked in the same research institute as Einstein before. B．He set out to apply the theories into practice before World War Ⅱ. C．It was his father who changed his profession completely. D．He is indifferent to fame and fortune throughout his life. 答案：A　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“In 1933, the Institute for Advanced Study ... School of Mathematics (Einstein was one of the others)．”可推知，他以前和Einstein (爱因斯坦)在同一个研究所工作。故选A。 6．Why is John von Neumann considered a great person? A．For his first book's effect. B．For his great contributions. C．For his sacrifice in World War Ⅱ. D．For his devotion to his school. 答案：B　推理判断题。根据第四段“Von Neumann made several ... greatest minds of the 20th century.(冯·诺依曼做出了几项伟大的贡献，其中的任何一项都足以使他在历史上占有一席之地。他将被人们铭记为20世纪最伟大的思想家之一。)”可推知，John von Neumann被认为是一个伟大的人是因为他的伟大贡献。故选B。 7．Why was John von Neumann's driving mentioned? A．To illustrate a driving test. B．To report a serious accident. C．To show his high humour. D．To clarify his great wealth. 答案：C　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“He reported one accident ... one of them stepped in my path.’(他这样报告了一起事故：‘我在路上开车。右边的树以每小时60英里的速度从我身边有序地经过。突然，其中一棵树挡住了我的去路。’)”可推知，提到John von Neumann的驾驶是为了表明他很幽默。故选C。 Ⅴ　七选五 　　(2024·浙江省宁波市鄞州高级中学高二上期中)The UK, Finland, Germany, and Sweden are consistently the top performers in European tech ecosystems. These countries also have the largest economies in Europe. __1__ Well, let's find out now. 　　 __2__ Even more amazing? This country is home to many basic scientific principles. The world's first steam engines, electric motors, the Internet, and the jet engine are all inventions of this country. The UK government and its businesses have been spending billions of dollars on research and development to drive innovation in Biotech. 　　Finland is second in digital life overall, and first in cashless payment. This is because the Internet plays a vital mole in Finland's digital life. High­speed Internet access and freedom of speech make the Finnish ecosystem more sustainable, with good Internet access and mobile coverage in remote areas. __3__ 　　Since the beginning, Germany's industry has supported scientific research. German society and economy take pride in their research­development efforts. __4__ Mercedes, BMW, and Volkswagen are some examples. 　　Sweden is a leader in technological innovation, with remarkable achievements in web development and mobile apps. For years, Ericsson and other large tech companies dominated the market. __5__ Other Swedish companies like Spotify, Torrent, and Skype are now leading the charge. 　　Above are some European countries with the most advanced technological and digital expertise. As we know, the race for technological progress between countries is never over. A．Here comes the truth. B．But the trend has turned today. C．Most residents there can surf the Internet easily. D．This is supported by evidence from global car brands. E．We want to see how Europe's tech countries compare. F．Not all the countries experienced the smooth development. G．The British Empire was once the most developed country in the world. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了欧洲科技生态系统最好的几个国家，这些国家在科技领域取得了很多成就，并带动了经济的增长。 1．E　根据前文“The UK, Finland ... in European tech ecosystems.”以及后文“Well, let's find out now.”可知，E项(我们想看看欧洲的科技国家如何比较。)承前启后，且E项中的“Europe's tech countries”指代前文中的“The UK, Finland, Germany, and Sweden”。故选E。 2．G　根据后文“The UK government and its businesses ... to drive innovation in Biotech.(英国政府及其企业已经在研发上投入了数十亿美元，以推动生物技术的创新。)”可知，本段介绍了英国的科技。G项(大英帝国曾经是世界上最发达的国家。)可作为本段主题句，引出后文，统领本段内容。故选G。 3．C　根据前文“High­speed Internet access ... mobile coverage in remote areas.”可知，网络很好地覆盖了芬兰的偏远地区。C项(那里的大多数居民可以很容易地上网。)承接前文。故选C。 4．D　根据后文“Mercedes, BMW, and Volkswagen are some examples.”可知，此处列举了一些汽车品牌的例子。D项(这得到了全球汽车品牌的支持。)引出后文，且D项中的“global car brands”与后文中的“Mercedes, BMW, and Volkswagen”相呼应。故选D。 5．B　根据前文“For years, Ericsson and other large tech companies dominated the market.(多年来，爱立信和其他大型科技公司主导着市场。)”可知，B项(但今天形势已经发生了变化。)承接前文，说明当下主导的科技公司发生了变化。故选B。 课时作业(五) Ⅰ　根据语境及汉语提示和首字母提示完成句子 1．He nowhere offers ________ (具体的) historical background to support his argument. 答案：concrete 2．The newspaper continues to ________ (辩解) its publication of the photographs. 答案：defend 3．You get to sample lots of baked things and take home masses of cookies ________ (此外)． 答案：besides 4．The professor's a________ theory is hard for us to understand. 答案：abstract 5．They flew in over the beach, c________ a huge shadow. 答案：casting Ⅱ　单句语法填空 1．Nowadays the priority for travel(l)ing ________ (shift) from shopping to food and scenery. 答案：is shifted 2．No other organization was able or willing to take ________ the job. 答案：on 3．That was ________ I really thought then. 答案：what 4．It seems ________ if I were speaking to you for the first time. 答案：as 5．She has one of the ________ (brilliant) minds in the country. 答案：most brilliant Ⅲ　单句表达 1．跟你说实话，我不记得他说过什么了。 To be honest with you, I don't remember ________________． 答案：what he said 2．她愿意尝试新事物，不害怕冒险。 She ______________________________ and isn't afraid of taking risks. 答案：is willing to try new things 3．我梦想周游世界，体验不同的文化。 I __________________________ and experiencing different cultures. 答案：dream of travel(l)ing the world 4．战争爆发时他29岁。 He was 29 years old ____________________． 答案：when the war broke out 5．她决定重返学校攻读教育学学位。 She ____________________________________ and pursue a degree in education. 答案：made the decision to go back to school Ⅳ　完形填空 　　(2024·云南省昆明市第三中学高二上月考)Zhao Ming was acknowledged as one of the greatest doctors for his remarkable contributions to TCM (Traditional Chinese Medicine). It was reported that he suffered from different __1__ when he was young. His own sufferings inspired him to be a __2__. Even in tough circumstances, he wasn't __3__ but became a doctor successfully in 1920, insisting on __4__ poor ordinary people free of charge. 　　One day, he __5__ a patient with little hair. Upon knowing his illness, he consulted ancient medical records and started to evaluate different plants for their medical properties to find a traditional __6__ treatment. He bought medical devices which could boil distinct plants. He used the liquid __7__ to treat his hair, which __8__ a great success. Consequently, he inferred that a substance called Garden Balsam Stem (透骨草) __9__ worked. 　　Afterwards it was indeed an honor for him to take up a position in the academic __10__ of TCM. Out of passion for his job, he __11__ his own clinic and gradually discovered new crucial __12__ for different skin problems. In his later years, he wrote a book with many flow charts, which plays a __13__ role in the development of modern TCM. 　　To sum up, Professor Zhao, __14__ himself to doing extraordinary scientific research on TCM throughout his whole life, will be forever __15__ by Chinese people. 篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了赵明教授为中医的发展做出了杰出贡献而被公认为最伟大的医生之一。 1．A.evaluations B．diseases C．theories D．devices 答案：B　evaluation 评价；disease 疾病；theory 理论；device 设备。根据前文“It was reported that he suffered from different”可知，此处指赵明患过各种疾病。故选B。 2．A.genius B．politician C．doctor D．novelist 答案：C　genius 天才；politician 政客；doctor 医生；novelist 小说家。根据前文“Zhao Ming was acknowledged as one of the greatest doctors”可知，此处指他的苦难激励他成为一名医生。故选C。 3．A.ignored B．signaled C．permitted D．defeated 答案：D　句意：即使在艰难的环境下，他也没有被打败，而是在1920年成功地成为一名医生，坚持为贫穷的普通人免费治疗。ignore 忽视；signal 示意；permit 允许；defeat 击败。故选D。 4．A.treating B．analyzing C．maintaining D．inferring 答案：A　treat 治疗；analyze 分析；maintain 保持；infer 推断。根据前文“became a doctor”可知，他成了一名医生，此处指他坚持为贫穷的普通人免费治疗。故选A。 5．A.indicated B．judged C．encountered D．pursued 答案：C　indicate 表明；judge 判断；encounter 遇到；pursue 追求。根据后文“Upon knowing his illness ... to find a traditional __6__ treatment.”可知，他开始治疗病人，所以此处指遇到了病人。故选C。 6．A.gentle B．botanical C．objective D．moral 答案：B　gentle 温柔的；botanical 植物(学)的；objective 客观的；moral 道德的。根据前文“started to evaluate different plants for their medical properties”可知，他开始评估不同植物的药用特性，所以此处是寻找一种传统的植物治疗方法。故选B。 7．A.obtained B．reflected C．drafted D．recycled 答案：A　obtain 获得；reflect 反映；draft 起草；recycle 回收利用。根据前文“He used the liquid”以及后文“to treat his hair”并结合常识可知，中药一般都是熬成药水，所以此处指用获得的液体去治疗头发。故选A。 8．A.took up B．figured out C．tripped over D．turned out 答案：D　take up 占用；figure out 解决；trip over 绊倒；turn out 结果是。根据后文“a great success”并结合选项可知，此处指结果非常成功。故选D。 9．A.externally B．financially C．apparently D．shallowly 答案：C　externally 外部地；financially 财政上；apparently 显然地；shallowly 浅浅地。根据前文“which __8__ a great success”可知，他研究的草药成功了，所以他推测这种物质显然是有效的。故选C。 10．A.element B．institution C．conclusion D．option 答案：B　element 元素；institution 机构；conclusion 结论；option 选项。根据前文“take up a position in the academic”可知，此处指在中医学术机构任职。故选B。 11．A.decorated B．monitored C．spotted D．founded 答案：D　decorate 装饰；monitor 监视；spot 发现；found 建立。根据后文“his own clinic”可知，他建立了自己的诊所。故选D。 12．A.cures B．resources C．patents D．consequences 答案：A　cure 疗法；resource 资源；patent 专利(权)；consequence 后果。根据后文“for different skin problems”可知，他发现针对不同皮肤问题的治疗方法。故选A。 13．A.flexible B．vital C．passive D．precious 答案：B　flexible 灵活的；vital 至关重要的；passive 消极的；precious 珍贵的。根据前文“Zhao Ming was acknowledged as ... to TCM(Traditional Chinese Medicine)．”可知，赵明对中医有杰出贡献，所以他写的流程图的书，对现代中医的发展起到了至关重要的作用。故选B。 14．A.addicting B．adapting C．committing D．seeking 答案：C　addict 使上瘾；adapt 使适应；commit 承诺；seek 寻求。commit (oneself) to ... 意为“使(自己)致力于(某事或做某事)”。故选C。 15．A.complained B．impressed C．replaced D．respected 答案：D　complain 抱怨；impress 使铭记；replace 取代；respect 尊敬。根据前文“To sum up, Professor Zhao ... his whole life”可知，赵教授终其一生致力于中医药非凡的科学研究，将永远受到中国人民的尊敬。故选D。 Ⅴ　应用文写作 　　(2024·浙江省台州市高二上期中联考)为了弘扬科学家精神，丰富科技节活动，学校将举办一场英文演讲比赛。假定你是李华，请你准;备一篇主题为“The Scientist I Admire Most”的演讲稿。内容包括： 1．对该科学家的简单介绍； 2．尊敬和爱戴的原因； 3．从其身上得到的启示。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Distinguished teachers and fellow students， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 [精彩范文] Distinguished teachers and fellow students， 　 It's a great honour to stand here to deliver my speech, whose topic is “The Scientist I Admire Most”. For me, it must be an outstanding scientist, Yang Zhenning. 　　Yang is a Chinese physicist who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1957. His study on the standard model of particle physics helped to shape our understanding of the universe. As a student, I am inspired by his passion for learning and his determination to make a difference in the world. 　 It is from him that I realize what I am struggling is not just for myself, but the happiness of the whole world. 　 That's all. Thanks for your listening! 　　(2024·安徽省淮北市第一中学高二上月考)Every time my family makes special plans, they end up getting canceled due to some incidents. Every time that happens, my parents would tell us to look on the bright side and make the best of a bad situation. However, I never managed to do that until this spring. 　 On a sunny morning last month, my aunt Jen invited us to the annual outdoor spring celebration at her farm. Since my family hadn't done anything different for ages, the whole family was very excited and everyone pulled his or her own weight to make sure everything goes as planned. In order to add more fun to this exciting trip, my little sister Indi and my little brother Tex even joined me to make an extra­special treat—cupcakes. 　 The picnic was intended to go from twelve to three. After double checking the car, my parents loaded books, games, a picnic blanket, and a whole big pack of food into the car. The moment of our departure finally arrived as the clock struck 11. However, everything went wrong the instant we bravely drove off. First, we had to stop and wait for Tex to find his shoes. Next, as we were driving down the road, we had to go back to the house because my mom forgot her wallet. Then, about halfway to Aunt Jen's house, we had to drive far out of our way to find a place for Indi to use the bathroom. After that, my parents decided it'd be quicker to take this one little side country road as a shortcut. But the shortcut ended up turning into a long cut! We drove forever on a winding road with wildflower field spreading endlessly out on both sides and the deep green pine trees going on and on within our sight. Spotting hundreds of birds flying in the sky, I was seized by a growing sense of desperation for I entirely had no idea when we could hit our destination. 　Just then, our car started making a strange noise. Obviously, there was something wrong with it and we had to pull over and call roadside service. Dad comforted us and claimed that help would arrive soon. But help did not arrive soon at all. So frustrated was I that I felt the whole world crumbled with tears streaming down my cheeks. Then came my dad's voice. “Look on the bright side，” said Dad. “Our car couldn't have picked a prettier place to break down.” Mom agreed, getting out the picnic blanket and suggested walking over to that gorgeous wildflower field and have our own springtime celebration. 　 At first, we kids weren't excited about the idea. We carried stuff over to the field, dragged ourselves down, and grumbled. But as we started looking around, cool things started happening. Hundreds of butterflies were dancing on the boundless wildflower field, looking like a beautiful scroll spreading out just for us. With a whooshing sound, a flock of birds rose up out of the pine trees, and flew around and around in the most amazing wavelike patterns, right over our heads! Just right there, we enjoyed our hand­made special treats, which were so delicious! It ended up one of the most amazing picnics in my life. 1．shortcut/'ʃɔːtkʌt/n. 近路，捷径 2．endlessly/'endləsli/adv. 不断地；无穷尽地 3．manage to do sth 设法做成某事 4．pull one's own weight 尽本分；尽职责 Since my family hadn't done anything different for ages, the whole family was very excited and everyone pulled his or her own weight to make sure everything goes as planned. 本句主干是the whole family was very excited and everyone pulled his or her own weight。Since引导原因状语从句；and连接两个并列分句：the whole family was very excited和everyone pulled ... as planned，第二个分句中to make sure是动词不定式短语作目的状语，as planned是省略了主语和be动词的状语从句，意为“按原计划”。 第一步： 作者一家应邀参加庆祝春天的活动，全家人都很兴奋地做准备，但出发时还是出现了很多小插曲。 第二步： 前往目的地的途中，作者父母选择了一条看不到尽头的乡间小路，车却在半路坏了，迟迟等不到救援。 第三步： 父母决定自行举行活动来庆祝春天，孩子们由最初的不感兴趣到后来的享受其中，此次活动给他们留下了深刻的印象。 生活中不如意之事十有八九，要看到光明的一面，保持积极的心态，在糟糕的情况下做到最好。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$