精品解析：上海市大同中学2024-2025学年高二上学期开学考试英语试题

Section a directions. In section a, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about IT the conversations and the questions will be spoken only once after you hear a conversation, and the question about IT, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. One, oh, hello. I am coming to your city with my wife and two kids for a few days in june. I would like some ideas for things to do during our stay. Yes, let us start with a couple of events, especially for kids. Do they like our question. where does the woman probably work? Two, did you have a good time for your picnic in the park with your friends? Yesterday the . weather was not so good, so we stayed indoors. We got to see tom's cooking talent question. what did the woman do yesterday morning? Three teachers in U. K, schools are experimenting with the use of body cameras in class to record students is bad behavior. Are you kidding? Students are not prisoners. Question, what is the woman's attitude? For when are you leaving for paris? Christmas is coming and you shouldn't miss the sale season. I am comparing the Prices that different travel agencies are offering. January is a good time, and I can avoid the winter vacation crowds there. Question, when will the woman set off for paris? Five, when the theatre was built, people were slimmer and shorter than now, so the seats were very close. I see when we are doing the decoration work, maybe we can install seats that can easily be moved. Question, what are the two speakers talking about? Six, what is the function of this APP? I noticed that he was for nurses and doctors. Yes, this APP gives hospital staff access to all the computer records of their patients, no matter where they are. Question, what is the use . of this APP? Seven IT is time to talk about the labor division of the project. Do you mind doing the drawing part? I find IT quite hard. I would be happier if you did IT question. What does the man mean? a. So john, we'd like to know how you manage to turn the small company into such a large business so quickly. Well, I think quick reactions to the market and strict management is . the key question. What are they talking about? Nine, I have painted the doors, but I don't think I can finish painting the ceiling. Come on. IT is a man's job. Leave IT to me. Question, what does the men offer to do? Ten, the food in this restaurant is horrible. If only we had gone to the school dining hall. but the food isn't, everything isn't IT nice. Just to get away from all the noise question. why does the woman prefer to go to this restaurant? Section b directions in section b, you will hear several longer conversations and short passages, and you'll asked several questions on each of the conversations and the passengers. The conversations and the passengers will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once when you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions eleven through thirteen are based on the following passage. An individual intelligence is determined by two factors. The first is the kind of brain he is born with. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low level of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is the kind of environment that affects him. The importance of environment can be demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and john. When the twins were three months old, their parents died and they were placed in separate homes. Peter was brought up by parents of low intelligence in an isolated community with poor educational opportunities. John, however, was educated in the home of well to do parents who had been to college. The environmental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were given tests to measure their intelligence. John IQ was went twenty five point two, five points higher than the average, and forty point is higher than his identical brother. Now listen again, please. In individuals, intelligence is determined by two factors. The first is the kind of brain he is born with. But no matter how good of brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low level in intelligence unless he as opportunities to learn. So the second factor is the kind of environment that affects him. The importance of environment can be demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and john. When the twins were three months old, their parents died and they were placed in separate homes. Peter was brought up by parents of low intelligence in an isolated community with poor educational opportunities. John, however, was educated in the home of well to do parents who had been to college. The environmental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were given test to measure their intelligence. John's IQ was one hundred and twenty five point, twenty five points higher than the average and forty points higher than his identical brother. Questions eleven, what does the passage mainly talk about? Twelve, why were the identical twins separated? Thirteen, what does john higher IQ illustrate? Questions fourteen through sixteen are based on the following passage. Who remembers the sound of unwrapping a new record, the smell of a new car, or the excitement of opening the door to a newly board home? At different times in my life, each one stood for the joy of possession and the sense of having really arrived. However, my teenage children and their peers do not say things the same way. They would rather pay for online music and videos than purchase D, V, D or permanent downloads. The changes come in several catalogues. Apps are linking owners of goods and services, bicycles, spare bedrooms, even solar energy, to a host of potential users. We are entering an era in which consumers will value access over ownership and experiences over property. What on earth happened to both consumers and companies that supply them? First of all, when companies are supplying services rather than goods, the relationship between consumers and are things that they use becomes more complex. If I have a record album on my shelf, my husband can clearly play IT, but when I link on amazon echo speaker to my sons account, I have no idea whether I am breaking the terms and conditions he agreed to with his account. Furthermore, does that act give amazon a right to send the advertisements based on the songs we play? In many cases, the shift to sharing economy will also affect the nature of the goods that are being shared. Currently, most cars spend most of the time sitting idle. If driver stopped buying their own cars and instead sign up for a rental service or use apps such as uber, each individual vehicle will receive a lot more use. That means car makers will face pressure to produce fewer, Better made cars. Now listen again, please. Who remembers the sound of wrapping a new record album, the smell of a new car, or the excitement of opening the door to a newly bought home? At different times in my life, each one stood for the joy of possession and the sense of having really arrived. However, my teenage children and their peers do not see things the same way. They would rather pay for online music and videos than purchase dvds or permanent downloads. The changes come in several catalogues after linking owners of goods and services, bicycles, spare bedrooms, even solar energy, to a host of potential users. We are entering an era in which consumers will value access over ownership and experiences over property. What on earth happened to both consumers and companies that supply them? First of all, when companies are supplying services rather than goods, the relationship between consumers and the things that they use becomes more complex. If I have a record album on my shelf, my husband can clearly play IT, but when I link our amazon echo speaker to my son's account, I have no idea whether I am breaking the terms and conditions he agreed to with his account. Furthermore, does that act give amazon the right to send the advertisements based on the songs we play? In many cases, the shift to a sharing economy will also affect the nature of the goods being shared. Currently, most cars spent most of the time sitting idle. If driver stop buying their own cars and instead set up for a rental service or use apps such as uber, each individual vehicle will receive a lot more use. That means car makers will face pressure to produce fewer, Better made cars. Questions fourteen, which of the following might not have contributed to people's feeling of happiness in the past? Fifteen, which of the following statements is correct? Sixteen, what does the passage may need talk about? Question seventeen through twenty are based on the following conversation. mr. Hinks, may I have a word with you? Sure, Maggie. What's up. you see, to promote our coffee products? I have done some marketing research. I followed the business case of starbucks because IT revolutionized the coffee industry, and I desperate need your opinions. Now. yeah, I saw your report on an analysis of the success of starbucks. You mention that the location of stores is the key to success, right? Yes, this is the first essential idea we should have when mapping out our own strategy. I have also made a questionnaire to learn more facts about our potential customers. Needs good job. Have you reached any conclusion? Well, IT seems that customers care more about the service of a cafe than the quality of coffee beans and milk. Eta employees are an extension of the brand. Watch your follow up plan. then staff training. Could you give me some advice? I'm glad to help. Maybe the most important thing is to get them familiar with our company's employee handbook. All the policies and procedures are clearly stated there. I think we should add more details into the handbook because the manual was written a long time ago. Make sure new employees are instructed in coffee making techniques, ordering procedures and product introductions. Okay, I will personally take . care of IT. Now listen again. please. mr. Hanks, may I have a word with you? sure. Maggie. What's up, you see, to promote our coffee products? I have done some marketing research. I followed the business case of starbucks because IT revolutionized the coffee industry, and I desperately need your opinions. Now. yeah, I saw your report on an analysis of the success of starbucks. You mention that the location of stores is the key to success, right? Yes, this is the first essential idea we should have when mapping out our own strategy. I have also made a question, nair, to learn more facts about our potential customers . needs good job. Have you reached any conclusion? Well, IT seems that customers care more about the service of a cafe than the quality of coffee beans and milk. Ea employees are an extension of the brand. Watch your follow up plan. then staff training. Could you give me some advice? I'm glad to help. Maybe the most important thing is to get them familiar with our company's employee handbook. All the policies and procedures are clearly stated there. I think we should add more details into the handbook because the manual was written a long time ago. Make sure new employees are instructed in coffee making techniques, ordering procedures and product introductions. okay. I will personally take care of the questions. Seventeen, what is the key to starbuck's success? Eighteen, what did magi do to learn more facts about customers? Nineteen, what conclusion did Maggie reach about customers needs? Twenty, why is the employee handbook so important? 听力试题到此结束。 大同中学2024学年第一学期暑假作业检查试卷 高二英语（A卷） 90分钟 满分100分 I. Listening Comprehension (20%) Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. In a hospital. B. In a school. C. In a kindergarten. D. In a tourist office. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Improving her cooking skills. B. Tasting the food made by Tom. C. Having a picnic. D. Showcasing her talents to Tom. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Supportive. B. Hesitant. C. Indifferent. D. Disapproving. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. In January. B. Until winter vacation. C. During Christmas season. D. Right now. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. The foundation of the theatre. B. A change to the theatre. C. The removal of the seats. D. The figure of the audience. 6. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. It can help to find the patients easily. B It can record patients’ conditions. C. It gives patients medical advice. D. It makes records available to doctors and nurses. 7. 此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. He doesn’t want to draw. B. He prefers to make the labor division himself. C. He is good at drawing. D. He is happy because he doesn’t have to draw. 8. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. The key to the woman’s success. B. The changes on the market. C. The management of the woman’s company. D. The feeling of being a manager. 9. 此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. To paint the doors. B. To paint the ceiling. C. To continue his job. D. To take the job home. 10. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Because she is accustomed to the food there. B. Because the food is better there than at the school dining hall. C. Because it is a quiet place. D. Because they can’t go to the school dining hall. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear several longer conversation(s) and short passage(s), and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation(s) and the passage(s). The conversation(s) and the passage(s) will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. A. Factors determining intelligence. B. A story of identical twins. C. The importance of intelligence. D. How to get a higher IQ. 12. A. Because only one could enter college. B. Because they were abandoned by their parents. C. Because their parents died when they were only babies. D. Because the psychologists did an experiment researching human intelligence. 13. A. John got a better education than his identical brother, Peter. B. Children growing up in wealthy families are smarter. C. Environment is important to the development of one’s intelligence. D. An isolated community has more educational opportunities. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14. A. Unwrapping a new album. B. Having a newly-bought car. C. Entering a newly-purchased house. D. Having access to an online account. 15. A. It is nice to share the account on Amazon. B. The sharing economy makes full use of cars. C. Consumers consider ownership more important than access. D. The sharing economy makes clear relationship between consumers and products. 16. A. The sharing economy develops car manufacturing. B. It is good for environment to increase the usage of goods. C. The sharing economy reshapes the market and benefits people. D. In the sharing economy, companies bridge the gap between people and resources. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. A. Products. B. Locations. C. Coffee making techniques. D. Staff quality. 18. A. She made a questionnaire. B. She talked with customers. C. She wrote a handbook for the employees. D. She applied for a job at Starbucks. 19. A. Customers are especially concerned about the service of a cafe. B. The more expensive the coffee beans and milk, the better the coffee is. C. Customers want more varieties of coffee. D. Customers rely on the brand image when they are making choices. 20. A. Because the manual will be the latest version. B. Because it will tell customers detailed product information. C. Because it includes important policies and procedures. D. Because employees enjoy reading it. II. Grammar (10%) Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. We All Need More of Niksen Last year, I quit a terrible job in corporate middle management. I was stressed all the time, travelling once or twice a month, occasionally internationally, and work followed me everywhere. My experience is not ____21____ a lot of people’s: Americans work too long, spend too little time on vacation, and our idea of self-care is exercising until we are drenched in sweat through hot yoga or a tiring indoor bike. Soon after I quit, the demands on my time were far ____22____ (few). Still, my anxiety persisted — the kind of restlessness that would keep me from being able to comfortably sit and read a book, I tried therapy, meditation and yoga. The feeling that I should be doing something all the time ____23____ (interfere) with my life. So when I heard about this Dutch concept of doing nothing, or “niksen,” I was willing to give ____24____ a shot. Apparently, it is about as straightforward as it sounds: You can actually actively engage in doing nothing and not feel guilty ____25____ it’s a waste of time. I will tell you: it’s exceptionally difficult to do nothing, especially when you____26____ (wire) to do something all the time. I ____27____ remove all the social media apps from my phone, in case I was tempted to check them. With my phone’s distractions ____28____ (silence), it became easier to just sit there. Still, it was nearly impossible to shut off the voice in my head. At first, I made lists. I needed to call one of my writing coaching clients, work on book revisions, and go buy dog food. I could not imagine nothing. What did “nothing” look like? My anxious mind grew more anxious ____29____I tried to empty it. Niksen felt the same ____30____ I tried it for a minute or two at a time. While waiting for coffee in the morning, I stood and watched the filter drip drip-drip into the cup below. It was both exceptionally boring and a relief, Ah, I thought, this is what I am supposed to do. III. Vocabulary (10%) Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. peak B. citations C. exceptional D. generally E. blossom F. distinctions G. exclusively H. conventions I. accumulated J. vague K. systematically Creativity Peaks at Different Ages Young and old alike can rejoice in a new finding by researchers at Ohio State University and the University of Chicago. There is hope for us all when it comes to creativity, they say. “Many people believe that creativity is ____31____ associated with youth, but it really depends on what kind of creativity you’re talking about,” explains Bruce Weinberg, lead author of the study. According to the study, there are two types of creativity that can ____32____ at different points in a person’s life. Conceptual innovators do their best work in their mid-twenties, while experimental innovators peak in their fifties. The reason for this difference is that radical thinkers usually come up with something new before they are steeped in the ____33____ of their field. Experimenter, however, have to take decades of trial and error and ____34____ knowledge to make unusual connections. Conceptual thinkers tend to have precise goals for their works and execute them ____35____. experimental innovators, on the other hand, are ambitious but ____36____. This leads them to take much longer to develop. Applying the ____37____ between conceptual and experimental innovations, the researcher focused on the Nobel Prize laureates in economics, classifying them as either conceptual or experimental thinkers. Then, the researchers determined the ape. when each made their most important contribution to economics. They determined ____38____ creativity by the point at which the subjects’ scientific papers had the most ____39____. Their analysis showed that conceptual laureates peaked between the ages of 25 and 29 while experimental laureates did best when they were about twice as old, in their mid-fifties. The researchers hope that their work will reduce the world’s favoritism for precocious geniuses and its ignorance of the creativity that comes with age. “We believe what we found in this study isn't limited to economics,” Weinberg said. “it could apply to creativity more _____40_____.” Your best days may lie just ahead, or further down the road. IV. Reading Comprehension (40%) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. (24%) “I really enjoy doing it, it makes me feel good about myself. It gives me a boost mentally and physically.” If these were your reactions to an activity, you would be very likely to do it as often as you could.____41____, aren’t a lot of us looking for ways to find more meaning in life?” What, then, is the act that draws such positive____42____? The answer is being kind. But such feelings do not always sit____43____with us. Shouldn’t true kindness be selfless? Traditionally, this virtue is tied up with notions of self-sacrifice and putting other people’s welfare ahead of your own. Indeed, some of those studying kindness argue that a(n) ____44____element is that the person performing the act must give up something in order to help someone else and not____45____personally. This may____46____be the case. If I give up my seat to an elderly woman on a crowded subway, I end up____47____by my kindness. Similarly, if I spend several hours a week volunteering at my local food bank, I’m sacrificing time to help others, without directly benefiting from my kindness. Yet when we give up our seat or time, we tend to feel a war glow of self-satisfaction, a glow that shows up in brain scans, a glow that is____48____the pleasure registers when we win something for ourselves. We can also benefit through reciprocity. We can act kindly now, even if it is at a cost to us, in the knowledge that at some time in the future someone will act in a kind way towards us when we need help. So why not just____49____the fact that the giver of kindness, as well as the recipient, has something to gain? Kindness is not simply a(n) ____50____activity: one person gives; the other takes. Rather it is a shared, two-way effort. Only in extreme situations does kindness involve complete self-sacrifice. There is, in other words, an element of ____51____in being kind to others — and there is nothing wrong with that. Kindness can be entirely selfless, but more often we will have a mixture of ____52____, including feeling positive about ourselves and looking good in the eyes of other, Why not lean into those benefits and be kinder more often. 41. A. In addition B. After all C. In consequence D. By comparison 42. A. promotion B. responses C. publicity D. reviews 43. A. comfortably B. evidently C. effortlessly D. permanently 44. A. demotivating B. contributing C. defining D. convincing 45. A. complain B. quit C. brag D. gain 46. A. conventionally B. occasionally C. physically D. literally 47. A. missing out B. losing out C. falling out D. wearing out 48. A. crucial to B. rooted in C. attainable by D. distinct from 49. A. celebrate B. skip C. validate D. counter 50. A. contradictory B. autonomous C. visionary D. transactional 51. A. self-interest B. self-esteem C. self-discipline D. self-awareness 52. A. rewards B. intentions C. reactions D. outcomes Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (8%) The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Chairman Kevin Martin just relaunched the formal review of media ownership rules. The agency’s “Further Notice of Proposed Rulemaking,” issued July 25, is vague, but its intention is clear: to let a few giant media corporations swallow up more local television channels, radio stations and newspapers in a single market. Martin’s main target is the ban on “newspaper-broadcast cross-ownership” that prohibits one company from owning the major daily newspaper as well as radio and TV stations in the same area. He’d also like to allow one company to own more than one TV station in smaller markets, and more than two in the largest cities. A few powerful firms in major cities have won waivers (弃权) to the ban, or at least delays on enforcement, but those are the exceptions. That Déjà vu you’re feeling is because the FCC tried to push through the same rule changes in 2003 under then-Chairman Michael Powell. In response, millions of people --- encouraged by groups such as the National Rifle Assn. and the National Organization for Women --- contacted the FCC and Congress to voice their opposition. The FCC approved the rule changes anyway, only to see them nearly overturned by Congress and then rejected by the courts. Despite the overwhelming public opposition, Martin’s latest attempt to eliminate cross-ownership rules is driven by the massive lobbying of a cartel (企业联盟) of second-tier big media companies specializing in newspaper and broadcast station ownership, such as Gannett, Media General and Tribune. Their motive is bigger profits. But what’s good for Big Media’s bottom line isn’t always good for the rest of us. The first victim of “media company towns” would be journalism. When one firm owns most of a city’s news outlets, who needs a bunch of competing newsrooms? Investigative reporting and extensive local coverage requires a costly staff. It’s far cheaper to syndicate (出售给多个媒体) fare from headquarters than to support a diversity of local voices. If your readers and viewers don’t like it, where else are they going to go? Once the big chains start selling and exchanging their properties to build up larger fiefdoms (地盘), the already declining number of independent and minority owners will be further squeezed out. Today, just one in five daily newspapers is owned by individuals or companies that don’t own any other newspapers. According to the most recent FCC data, fewer than 4% of radio stations and 2% of TV stations are owned by minorities. Industry and Wall Street publicity says local media can’t compete without further consolidation (整合). Yet media companies already enjoy higher profit margins than most industries. They say we must deregulate. But radio and TV station ownership is by definition regulated --- these are the public airwaves and there are only so many channels available in a community. The only question is on whose behalf will Washington make the rules: major media companies or the public? 53. The rule on “newspaper-broadcast cross-ownership” intends to ________. A. prevent companies from owning both television and radio stations B. limit a company from owning more than one television station C. replace giant media corporations with media company towns D. protect local voices, vigorous competition and diverse viewpoints 54. Which of the following will probably happen if the FCC’s rule changes are approved? A. The government will completely dominate public speech. B. The public will voice their strong opposition to Congress. C. The number of radios and TV stations will decline sharply. D. The local media competition will be almost eliminated. 55. Which of the following is true according to the text? A. The former chairman of the FCC ignored public opinion with a risk. B. A company is forbidden to own more than one newspaper. C. The local news outlets are controlled by independent companies. D. Media industry used to be an unprofitable industry. 56. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A. Can We Hear More Local Voices? B. Do We Really Want Big Media to Get Even Bigger? C. How Will FCC’s Action Affect Consumers? D. How Will Washington Make Media Ownership Rules? Section C Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. (8%) The Ecological Benefits of Fire Nearly 80 years ago, the United States Forest Service created its advertising icon Smokey Bear to encourage forest and national park visitors to help prevent wildfires. Despite Smokey’s education campaigns, a single California wildfire in 2018 destroyed nearly 20,000 structures and killed more than 80 people, with insured losses topping $10 billion. However, while all fires have the potential to become dangerous to property and life, controlled use of wildfires for positive environmental effects is common around the world. It might seem counterproductive that a fire, which burns plant life and endangers animals within an ecosystem, could promote ecological health. ____57____ As decaying plants begin to build up on the ground, they may block organisms’ access to nutrients within the soil or prevent animals on the land from accessing the soil. This coating of dead organic matter can also prevent smaller or new plants from growing. When humans perform a prescribed burn, the goal is to remove that layer of decay in a controlled manner, allowing the healthy parts of the ecosystem to thrive. ___58___ This benefit has been exploited by farmers for centuries. Plants require fire to move along their life cycles. For example, seeds from many pine tree species are enclosed in pine cones that are covered in pitch, which must be melted by fire for the seeds to be released. Animals depend on fire, too. They only food source for the endangered Karner blue caterpillar is wild lupine. This plant requires fire to maintain an ecosystem balance in which it can thrive. Without fire, the lupines do not flourish, and the caterpillars cannot consume enough food to undergo metamorphosis and become butterflies. ___59___ It turns out that they survive by burrowing into the ground or escaping to safer areas. As a result, fires can help rid an ecosystem of invasive plants and animals. Not having adapted to the regular wildland fires, these species are less likely to recover in the ecosystem they invaded. In the end, it is true that the responsibility of preventing uncontrolled wildfires lies with humanity. Smokey Bear’s message is right: Nearly 85 percent of wildfires originate from human activity, We have to take action to prevent these damaging fires. ___60___ Understanding and appreciating the benefits of fire is the only way to truly keep our homes, population and ecosystem safe from its dangers. A. Suppression, however, is not enough. B. Perhaps surprisingly, the animal casualties from wildfires are low. C. But fire is a natural phenomenon, and nature has evolved with its presence. D. Additionally the build-up of decaying organic matter on the ground is fuel for wildfires. E. Some plant and animal populations require the benefits of fire to survive and reproduce. F. Moreover, nutrients released from the burned material, return more quickly into the soil than if they bad slowly decayed over time. V. Translation (20%) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 61. 父亲能够理解儿子的困境，因为他也经历过类似的挑战。(relate) The father can ________________ as he has been through similar challenges himself. 62. 对失败的恐惧会打消许多人追求梦想的念头。(discourage) The fear of failure can ________________. 63. 作者被自身的焦虑折磨到了要寻求心理治疗的地步。(point) The author struggled with her anxiety ________________. 64. 太过在意回报可能会剥夺体验本身的乐趣。(hang) ________________ can take away from the joy of the experience. 65. 友情本身就很重要，我们不应该忽视这一事实。(sake) We shouldn’t neglect the fact that ________________. 66. 事实证明，我们当初计划这次旅行是正确的。(turn) ________________, we were right to have planned this trip. 67. 很难看穿萨拉的心情，因为她从来都是喜怒不行于色。(wear) It’s hard to tell how Sarah is feeling because she never ________________. 68. 尽管学者们努力纠正，但这种用法似乎一直存在于美式英语中。(here) Despite efforts by scholars to correct it, this usage ________________ in American English. 69. 从南极洲旅行归来后，他们肯定需要时间重新适应假期结束后的生活。(bound) After returning from their trip to Antarctica, they ________________ to readjust to their post-holiday life. 70. 缺乏沟通是造成家庭内部冲突的部分原因。(blame) Lack of communication ________________ the conflicts within the family. 71. 像学习许多其它语言一样，学习西班牙语通常需要掌握语法和词汇。(case) ________________, learning Spanish often involves mastering grammar and vocabulary. 72. 成为艺术家的追求似乎与我的现实生活相去甚远。(removed) The ambition of becoming an artist ________________ my reality. 73. 目前，两个解决方案不言自明一——继续排队等候或者换一家餐厅。(suggest) ________________ at the moment — keep waiting in line or find another restaurant. 74. 我完全认识到保持规律饮食和睡眠的重要性。(crucial) I fully understand ________________ a regular eating and sleeping schedule. 75. 在中国，集邮可以追溯到清末，约20世纪初期。(date) In China, stamp collecting ________________, around the early 20th century. 76. 如果改善健康是你的代办事项之一，你可以做一件事，就是养成定期锻炼的习惯。(list) If improving health ________________, there is one thing that you can do: get into the habit of exercising regularly. 77. 这一发现可以为该领域的新研究提供灵感。(serve) The finding could ________________ new studies in the field. 78. 天黑了，我看不清周围的建筑，也看不清脚下的路。(nor) As it was getting dark, I couldn’t see the buildings around me, ________________ beneath my feet. 79. 如果不留心话，你可能会错过让照片与众不同的小细节。(miss out) If you don't pay attention, you might ________________ that make a photo special. 80. 为了不被淘汰，普通的鼠标必须找到方法以适应不断变化的技术环境。(leave) ________________, the computer mouse must find a way to adapt to the ever changing technological environment. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 大同中学2024学年第一学期暑假作业检查试卷 高二英语（A卷） 90分钟 满分100分 I. Listening Comprehension (20%) Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. In a hospital. B. In a school. C. In a kindergarten. D. In a tourist office. 【答案】D 【解析】 【原文】M: Oh, hello. I am coming to your city with my wife and two kids for a few days in June. I would like some ideas for things to do during our stay. W: Yes, let us start with a couple of events especially for kids. Do they like art? Q: Where does the woman probably work? 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Improving her cooking skills. B. Tasting the food made by Tom. C. Having a picnic. D. Showcasing her talents to Tom. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: Did you have a good time for your picnic in the park with your friends yesterday? W: The weather was not so good, so we stayed indoors. We got to see Tom’s cooking talent. Q: What did the woman do yesterday morning? 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Supportive. B. Hesitant. C. Indifferent. D. Disapproving. 【答案】D 【解析】 【原文】M: Teachers in U.K. schools are experimenting with the use of body cameras in class to record students’ bad behavior. W: Are you kidding? Students are not prisoners. Q: What is the woman’s attitude? 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. In January. B. Until winter vacation. C. During Christmas season. D. Right now. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: When are you leaving for Paris? Christmas is coming and you shouldn’t miss the sale season. W: I am comparing the prices that different travel agencies are offering. January is a good time and I can avoid the winter vacation crowds there. Q: When will the woman set off for Pairs? 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. The foundation of the theatre. B. A change to the theatre. C. The removal of the seats. D. The figure of the audience. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: When the theater was built, people were slimmer and shorter than now, so the seats were very close. M: I see. When we are doing the decoration work, maybe we can install seats that can easily be moved. Q: What are the two speakers talking about? 6. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. It can help to find the patients easily. B. It can record patients’ conditions. C. It gives patients medical advice. D. It makes records available to doctors and nurses. 【答案】D 【解析】 【原文】M: What is the function of this app? I noticed that it was for nurses and doctors. W: Yes. This app gives hospital staff access to all the computer records of their patients, no matter where they are. Q: What is the use of this app? 7. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. He doesn’t want to draw. B. He prefers to make the labor division himself. C. He is good at drawing. D. He is happy because he doesn’t have to draw. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】W: It is time to talk about the labor division of the project. Do you mind doing the drawing part? M: I find it quite hard. I would be happier if you did it. Q: What does the man mean? 8. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. The key to the woman’s success. B. The changes on the market. C. The management of the woman’s company. D. The feeling of being a manager. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: So Joan, we’d like to know how you managed to turn the small company into such a large business so quickly. W: Well, I think quick reactions to the market and strict management is the key. Q: What are they talking about? 9. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. To paint the doors. B. To paint the ceiling. C. To continue his job. D. To take the job home. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: I have painted the doors, but I don’t think I can finish painting the ceiling. M: Come on, it is a man’s job. Leave it to me. Q: What does the man offer to do? 10. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Because she is accustomed to the food there. B. Because the food is better there than at the school dining hall. C. Because it is a quiet place. D. Because they can’t go to the school dining hall. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】M: The food in this restaurant is horrible. If only we had gone to the school dining hall. W: But the food isn’t everything. Isn’t it nice just to get away from all the noise? Q: Why does the woman prefer to go to this restaurant? Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear several longer conversation(s) and short passage(s), and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation(s) and the passage(s). The conversation(s) and the passage(s) will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. A. Factors determining intelligence. B. A story of identical twins. C. The importance of intelligence. D. How to get a higher IQ. 12. A. Because only one could enter college. B. Because they were abandoned by their parents. C. Because their parents died when they were only babies. D. Because the psychologists did an experiment researching human intelligence. 13. A. John got a better education than his identical brother, Peter. B. Children growing up in wealthy families are smarter. C. Environment is important to the development of one’s intelligence. D. An isolated community has more educational opportunities. 【答案】11. A 12. C 13. C 【解析】 【原文】An individual’s intelligence is determined by two factors. The first is the kind of brain he is born with. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low level of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is the kind of environment that affects him.The importance of environment can be demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and John. When the twins were three months old, their parents died, and they were placed in separate homes. Peter was brought up by parents of low intelligence in an isolated community with poor educational opportunities. John, however, was educated in the home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. The environmental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens. When they were given tests to measure their intelligence, John’s IQ was 125.25 points higher than the average and 40 points higher than his identical brother. Questions: 1. What does the passage mainly talk about? 2. Why were the identical twins separated? 3. What does John’s higher IQ illustrate? 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14. A. Unwrapping a new album. B. Having a newly-bought car. C. Entering a newly-purchased house. D. Having access to an online account. 15. A. It is nice to share the account on Amazon. B. The sharing economy makes full use of cars. C. Consumers consider ownership more important than access. D. The sharing economy makes clear relationship between consumers and products. 16. A. The sharing economy develops car manufacturing. B. It is good for environment to increase the usage of goods. C. The sharing economy reshapes the market and benefits people. D. In the sharing economy, companies bridge the gap between people and resources. 【答案】14. D 15. B 16. C 【解析】 【原文】Who remembers the sound of unwrapping a new record album, the smell of a new car or the excitement of opening the door to a newly bought home? At different times in my life, each one stood for the joy of possession, and the sense of having really arrived. However, my teenage children and their peers do not see things the same way. They would rather pay for online music and videos than purchase DVDs or permanent downloads. The changes come in several catalogues. Apps are linking owners of goods and services — bicycles, spare bedrooms, even solar energy — to a host of potential users. We are entering an era in which consumers will value access over ownership and experiences over property. What on earth happened to both consumers and companies that supply them? First of all, when companies are supplying services rather than goods, the relationship between consumers and the things that they use becomes more complex. If I have a record album on my shelf, my husband can clearly play it. But when I link our Amazon Echo speaker to my son’s account, I have no idea whether I am breaking the terms and conditions he agreed to with his account. Furthermore, does that act give Amazon the right to send the advertisements based on the songs we play? In many cases, the shift to a sharing economy will also affect the nature of the goods that are being shared. Currently, most cars spend most of the time sitting idle. If drivers stop buying their own cars and instead sign up for a rental service or use apps such as Uber, each individual vehicle will receive a lot more use. That means carmakers will face pressure to produce fewer, better-made cars. Questions: 14 Which of the following might not have contributed to people’s feeling of happiness in the past? 15. Which of the following statements is correct? 16. What does the passage mainly talk about? 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. A. Products. B. Locations. C. Coffee making techniques. D. Staff quality. 18. A. She made a questionnaire. B. She talked with customers. C. She wrote a handbook for the employees. D. She applied for a job at Starbucks. 19. A. Customers are especially concerned about the service of a cafe. B. The more expensive the coffee beans and milk, the better the coffee is. C. Customers want more varieties of coffee. D. Customers rely on the brand image when they are making choices. 20. A. Because the manual will be the latest version. B. Because it will tell customers detailed product information. C. Because it includes important policies and procedures. D. Because employees enjoy reading it. 【答案】17. B 18. A 19. A 20. C 【解析】 【原文】W: Mr. Hanks. May I have a word with you? M: Sure, Maggie. What’s up? W: You see to promote our coffee products, I have done some marketing research. I followed the business case of Starbucks because it revolutionized the coffee industry. And I desperately need your opinions now. M: Yeah, I saw your report on an analysis of the success of Starbucks. You mentioned that the location of stores is their key to success, right? W: Yes. This is the first essential idea we should have when mapping out our own strategy. I have also made a questionnaire to learn more facts about our potential customers’ needs. M: Good job. Have you reached any conclusion? W: Well, it seems that customers care more about the service of a cafe than the quality of coffee beans and milk, etc. Employees are an extension of the brand. M: What’s your follow-up plan then? W: Staff training. Could you give me some advice? M: I am glad to help. Maybe the most important thing is to get them familiar with our company’s employee handbook. All the policies and procedures are clearly stated there. W: I think we should add more details into the handbook because the manual was written a long time ago. M: Make sure new employees are instructed in coffee making techniques, ordering procedures and product introductions. W: Ok. I will personally take care of it. Questions: 17. What is the key to Starbucks’ success? 18. What did Maggie do to learn more facts about customers? 19. What conclusion did Maggie reach about customers’ needs? 20. Why is the employee handbook so important? II. Grammar (10%) Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. We All Need More of Niksen Last year, I quit a terrible job in corporate middle management. I was stressed all the time, travelling once or twice a month, occasionally internationally, and work followed me everywhere. My experience is not ____21____ a lot of people’s: Americans work too long, spend too little time on vacation, and our idea of self-care is exercising until we are drenched in sweat through hot yoga or a tiring indoor bike. Soon after I quit, the demands on my time were far ____22____ (few). Still, my anxiety persisted — the kind of restlessness that would keep me from being able to comfortably sit and read a book, I tried therapy, meditation and yoga. The feeling that I should be doing something all the time ____23____ (interfere) with my life. So when I heard about this Dutch concept of doing nothing, or “niksen,” I was willing to give ____24____ a shot. Apparently, it is about as straightforward as it sounds: You can actually actively engage in doing nothing and not feel guilty ____25____ it’s a waste of time. I will tell you: it’s exceptionally difficult to do nothing, especially when you____26____ (wire) to do something all the time. I ____27____ remove all the social media apps from my phone, in case I was tempted to check them. With my phone’s distractions ____28____ (silence), it became easier to just sit there. Still, it was nearly impossible to shut off the voice in my head. At first, I made lists. I needed to call one of my writing coaching clients, work on book revisions, and go buy dog food. I could not imagine nothing. What did “nothing” look like? My anxious mind grew more anxious ____29____I tried to empty it. Niksen felt the same ____30____ I tried it for a minute or two at a time. While waiting for coffee in the morning, I stood and watched the filter drip drip-drip into the cup below. It was both exceptionally boring and a relief, Ah, I thought, this is what I am supposed to do. 【答案】21. unlike 22. fewer 23. was interfering 24. it 25. as if 26. are wired 27. had to 28. silenced 29. each time##every time 30. until 【解析】 【导语】本文的体裁是一篇记叙文。文章通过叙述作者个人的经历和对niksen（荷兰语中的“无所事事”）概念的理解和尝试，展现了作者对现代工作与生活压力的思考，以及通过尝试新的生活方式来寻求内心平静和放松的过程。 【21题详解】 考查介词。句意：我的经历和很多人没什么不同：美国人工作时间太长，度假时间太少，我们对自我保健的看法是通过高温瑜伽或令人疲惫的室内自行车运动，直到汗流浃腰。本空用介词unlike，意为“不像，与……不同”。故填unlike。 【22题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：我辞职后不久，对我时间的要求就少多了。根据句意及空格前的far可知，此处应使用few的比较级fewer，表示“少得多的”。故填fewer。 【23题详解】 考查时态。句意：那种总觉得我应该做点什么的感觉干扰了我的生活。此处表示过去某一阶段一直进行的动作，句子时态用过去进行时，且主语The feeling为第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was interfering。 【24题详解】 考查代词。句意：所以当我听说这个荷兰人的无所事事的概念，或者说是“niksen”时，我愿意试一试。此处指代上文的“this Dutch concept of doing nothing, or “niksen,””，所以应使用代词it。故填it。 【25题详解】 考查方式状语从句。句意：显然，这就像听起来一样简单：你实际上可以积极地什么都不做，而不会因为好像浪费时间而感到内疚。此处引导方式状语从句，应使用as if“好像”引导。故填as if。 【26题详解】 考查固定搭配。句意：尤其是当你总是被迫做某事的时候，无所事事是极其困难的。be wired to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“被强迫做某事”，根据空前的is可知，本句描述一般事实，句子时态用一般现在时，主语为you，be动词用are。故填are wired。 【27题详解】 考查时态。句意：我不得不从我的手机上删除了所有的社交媒体应用程序，以防我忍不住查看它们。have to“不得不”。本句描述过去的动作，故时态用一般过去时，谓语用过去式had。故填had to。 【28题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：当我的手机被静音时，坐在那里就更容易了。本句用with复合结构，即“with+宾语+done”。silence“使安静”与my phone’s distractions之间是被动关系，所以应使用过去分词形式。故填silenced。 【29题详解】 考查时间状语从句。句意：当我试图清空它时，我焦虑的头脑变得更加焦虑。本空引导时间状语从句，用each time或every time“每次”引导。故填each time或every time。 【30题详解】 考查时间状语从句。句意：Niksen感觉都是一样的，直到我一次试了一两分钟。本空引导时间状语从句，用until“直到”引导。故填until。 III. Vocabulary (10%) Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. peak B. citations C. exceptional D. generally E. blossom F. distinctions G. exclusively H. conventions I. accumulated J. vague K. systematically Creativity Peaks at Different Ages Young and old alike can rejoice in a new finding by researchers at Ohio State University and the University of Chicago. There is hope for us all when it comes to creativity, they say. “Many people believe that creativity is ____31____ associated with youth, but it really depends on what kind of creativity you’re talking about,” explains Bruce Weinberg, lead author of the study. According to the study, there are two types of creativity that can ____32____ at different points in a person’s life. Conceptual innovators do their best work in their mid-twenties, while experimental innovators peak in their fifties. The reason for this difference is that radical thinkers usually come up with something new before they are steeped in the ____33____ of their field. Experimenter, however, have to take decades of trial and error and ____34____ knowledge to make unusual connections. Conceptual thinkers tend to have precise goals for their works and execute them ____35____. experimental innovators, on the other hand, are ambitious but ____36____. This leads them to take much longer to develop. Applying the ____37____ between conceptual and experimental innovations, the researcher focused on the Nobel Prize laureates in economics, classifying them as either conceptual or experimental thinkers. Then, the researchers determined the ape. when each made their most important contribution to economics. They determined ____38____ creativity by the point at which the subjects’ scientific papers had the most ____39____. Their analysis showed that conceptual laureates peaked between the ages of 25 and 29 while experimental laureates did best when they were about twice as old, in their mid-fifties. The researchers hope that their work will reduce the world’s favoritism for precocious geniuses and its ignorance of the creativity that comes with age. “We believe what we found in this study isn't limited to economics,” Weinberg said. “it could apply to creativity more _____40_____.” Your best days may lie just ahead, or further down the road. 【答案】31. G 32. E 33. H 34. I 35. K 36. J 37. F 38. A 39. B 40. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了关于创造力与年龄关系的新发现，打破了人们普遍认为创造力只与年轻人相关的观念。研究表明，存在两种类型的创造力——概念型创新和实验型创新，它们在人生的不同阶段达到顶峰。 【31题详解】 考查副词。句意：“许多人认为创造力只与年轻人有关，但这真的取决于你所说的创造力是哪种类型，”该研究的主要作者布鲁斯·温伯格解释说。修饰动词短语is associated with需用副词，作状语，表示“专门地，特定地”应用副词exclusively。故选G。 【32题详解】 考查动词。句意：根据这项研究，有两种类型的创造力可以在人生的不同阶段绽放。情态动词can后面需用动词原形，表示“绽放”应用动词blossom。故选E。 【33题详解】 考查名词。句意：造成这种差异的原因是，激进的思想家通常在深入研究自己领域的常规之前，就会想出一些新的东西。空处需填名词作宾语，表示“常规”应用convention，结合“of their field”可知，使用名词复数形式。故选H。 【34题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，实验者必须经历数十年的试错和积累知识，才能做出不寻常的联系。空处修饰名词knowledge，需用形容词作定语，表示“积累的”应用形容词accumulated。故选I。 【35题详解】 考查副词。句意：概念型思想家往往对自己的作品有着明确的目标，并系统地执行它们。修饰形容词experimental需用副词作状语，表示“系统地”应用副词systematically。故选K。 【36题详解】 考查形容词。句意：而实验型创新者则雄心勃勃但目标模糊。空处作表语，需填形容词，表示“模糊的”应用形容词vague。故选J。 【37题详解】 考查名词。句意：应用概念创新与实验创新的区别，研究人员重点关注了诺贝尔经济学奖得主，将他们划分为概念型思想家或实验型思想家。空处作宾语，需填名词，表示“区别”应用名词distinction，根据“between conceptual and experimental innovations”可知，应填名词复数形式。故选F。 【38题详解】 考查形容词。句意：他们通过论文被引用次数最多的时间点来确定创造力巅峰。修饰名词creativity，需用形容词作定语，表示“巅峰状态的”应用形容词peak。故选A。 【39题详解】 考查名词。句意同上。空处需填名词作宾语，表示“引用”应用名词citation，结合“the most”可知，使用名词复数形式。故选B。 【40题详解】 考查副词。句意：“这一理论也适用于更广泛的创造力。”你最好的日子可能就在前方，或者更远的地方。修饰动词apply，需用副词作状语，表示“普遍地，一般地”应用副词generally。故选D。 IV. Reading Comprehension (40%) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. (24%) “I really enjoy doing it, it makes me feel good about myself. It gives me a boost mentally and physically.” If these were your reactions to an activity, you would be very likely to do it as often as you could.____41____, aren’t a lot of us looking for ways to find more meaning in life?” What, then, is the act that draws such positive____42____? The answer is being kind. But such feelings do not always sit____43____with us. Shouldn’t true kindness be selfless? Traditionally, this virtue is tied up with notions of self-sacrifice and putting other people’s welfare ahead of your own. Indeed, some of those studying kindness argue that a(n) ____44____element is that the person performing the act must give up something in order to help someone else and not____45____personally. This may____46____be the case. If I give up my seat to an elderly woman on a crowded subway, I end up____47____by my kindness. Similarly, if I spend several hours a week volunteering at my local food bank, I’m sacrificing time to help others, without directly benefiting from my kindness. Yet when we give up our seat or time, we tend to feel a war glow of self-satisfaction, a glow that shows up in brain scans, a glow that is____48____the pleasure registers when we win something for ourselves. We can also benefit through reciprocity. We can act kindly now, even if it is at a cost to us, in the knowledge that at some time in the future someone will act in a kind way towards us when we need help. So why not just____49____the fact that the giver of kindness, as well as the recipient, has something to gain? Kindness is not simply a(n) ____50____activity: one person gives; the other takes. Rather it is a shared, two-way effort. Only in extreme situations does kindness involve complete self-sacrifice. There is, in other words, an element of ____51____in being kind to others — and there is nothing wrong with that. Kindness can be entirely selfless, but more often we will have a mixture of ____52____, including feeling positive about ourselves and looking good in the eyes of other, Why not lean into those benefits and be kinder more often. 41. A. In addition B. After all C. In consequence D. By comparison 42. A. promotion B. responses C. publicity D. reviews 43. A. comfortably B. evidently C. effortlessly D. permanently 44. A. demotivating B. contributing C. defining D. convincing 45. A. complain B. quit C. brag D. gain 46 A. conventionally B. occasionally C. physically D. literally 47. A. missing out B. losing out C. falling out D. wearing out 48. A. crucial to B. rooted in C. attainable by D. distinct from 49. A. celebrate B. skip C. validate D. counter 50. A. contradictory B. autonomous C. visionary D. transactional 51. A. self-interest B. self-esteem C. self-discipline D. self-awareness 52. A. rewards B. intentions C. reactions D. outcomes 【答案】41. B 42. B 43. A 44. C 45. D 46. C 47. B 48. D 49. A 50. D 51. A 52. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章就与人为善的动机做出了分析、讨论，指出帮助他人的同时我们也有收获，并鼓励读者多多帮助他人。 【41题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：毕竟，我们很多人不是在寻找在生活中发现更多意义的方法吗？A. In addition此外；B. After all毕竟；C. In consequence结果；D. By comparison通过比较。空前句子指出，我们如果在进行某种活动时感觉良好、身心愉悦，就会更愿意去做这种事，而空后则提出反问将话题引到find more meaning in life即找到生活的意义，显然前者正是寻找生活意义的具象表现或者说目的，适合用after all置于句首表示对某种理由引起注意。故选B。 【42题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那么，什么样的行为才能激起这样积极的反应呢？A. promotion提升；B. responses回应；C. publicity宣传，报道；D. reviews复习。空处由such和positive修饰，显然呼应上文中的your reactions to an activity，即提问是什么行为能够引起人们良好、积极的反应，从而引出文章的主题being kind。故选B。 【43题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：但这样的感觉不总是让我们欣然接受。A. comfortably舒服地；B. evidently明显地；C. effortlessly不费力地；D. permanently永久地。空处所在句由but引导表达了句意上的转折，而其后紧接着提出问题“Shouldn’t true kindness be selfless?”，故此处要表达尽管想要身心愉悦就要对人友善，对人友善就应该做到无私，但与人为善不总是让我们产生段首提到的那些舒适感受，从而引出对与人为善的价值探讨。故选A。 【44题详解】 考查形容词义辨析。句意：确实，那些研究善意的部分人士争论称一个决定性因素在于，做出行动的人必须放弃一些东西来帮助他人，同时自己还没有所得。A. demotivating使人消极的；B. contributing贡献的，起作用的；C. defining最典型的，起决定性作用的；D. convincing令人信服的。由本段大篇幅的阐述，尤其是最后列举的让座和做志愿工作的例子不难看出，“give up something in order to help someone else”即舍弃自己帮助他人正是与人为善的典型因素。故选C。 【45题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：确实，那些研究善意的部分人士争论称一个决定性因素在于，做出行动的人必须放弃一些东西来帮助他人，同时自己还没有所得。A. complain抱怨；B. quit退出；C. brag吹嘘；D. gain获得。此处用and连接，与另一动作give up something并列，呼应段末的表述without directly benefiting from my kindness，即放弃了自己的东西同时还没有得到任何东西。故选D。 【46题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：这可能是一个实际的例子。A. conventionally照惯例；B. occasionally偶尔；C. physically实际上的；D. literally确实地。根据上文“ mentally and physically”及下文紧接着列举了地铁上给老人让座的实例，可知，这里说明这是实际上的情况。故选C。 【47题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果在一趟拥挤的地铁上我放弃了自己的座位让给一位老奶奶，我最终就因为善良而受了损失。A. missing out错过，遗漏；B. losing out失败，受损；C. falling out掉落，闹翻；D. wearing out用坏，使疲乏。下一句开头由Similarly引导，参考该句中的I’m sacrificing time to help others可知，这里也是在表示因帮助他人使自己做出牺牲、受到损失。故选B。 【48题详解】 考查形容词短语辨析。句意：然而，当我们让出座位或者牺牲时间时，我们会感到一阵自我满足的光芒涌动，这种光会显示在脑部扫描时，这种光与我们为自己赢得某些东西时的愉悦感是不同的。A. crucial to对……至关重要；B. rooted in扎根于；C. attainable by可通过……实现；D. distinct from与……不同。根据下文“the pleasure registers when we win something for ourselves.”可知，帮助他人带来的成就感和满足感不同于满足自己的感觉。故选D。 【49题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以为何不为表达善意的人和接受善意的人，都收获了一些东西这一事实而庆贺呢？A. celebrate庆祝，赞美；B. skip跳过；C. validate证实，批准；D. counter反驳，抵制。由空后宾语the fact的内容可知，给予善意，同时自己也有所得，这是双赢，值得庆贺。故选A。 【50题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与人为善不只是一种你来我往的活动：一方给予，一方接受。A. contradictory矛盾的；B. autonomous自主的，自治的；C. visionary有远见的，有眼力的；D. transactional交易的，相互作用的。由该句冒号后解释的内容“one person gives; the other takes”及下一句“Rather it is a shared, two-way effort.（而是一种共同的，双向的努力）”表达的逻辑关系推知，这里应表达与人为善不仅仅是一种你来我往的交互活动。故选D。 【51题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在与人为善中存在着，换句话说——自私自利的成分，而这是完全没问题的。A. self-interest自私自利；B. self-esteem自尊；C. self-discipline自律；D. self-awareness自我意识，自知。结合前文内容“Only in extreme situations does kindness involve complete self-sacrifice.”可知，只有极端的善意才意味着完全的牺牲，换句话说，与人为善中并非都是完全的牺牲，其中是有自私的成分的。故选A。 【52题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：善良可以是完全无私的，但更常见的情况是我们会有着多样的意图，包括对自我感到积极向上以及在别人眼中形象良好。A. rewards回报；B. intentions意图；C. reactions反应；D. outcomes结果。由空后including阐述、列举的内容推知，这里是在表达我们行善时的各种意图、初衷。故选B。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (8%) The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Chairman Kevin Martin just relaunched the formal review of media ownership rules. The agency’s “Further Notice of Proposed Rulemaking,” issued July 25, is vague, but its intention is clear: to let a few giant media corporations swallow up more local television channels, radio stations and newspapers in a single market. Martin’s main target is the ban on “newspaper-broadcast cross-ownership” that prohibits one company from owning the major daily newspaper as well as radio and TV stations in the same area. He’d also like to allow one company to own more than one TV station in smaller markets, and more than two in the largest cities. A few powerful firms in major cities have won waivers (弃权) to the ban, or at least delays on enforcement, but those are the exceptions. That Déjà vu you’re feeling is because the FCC tried to push through the same rule changes in 2003 under then-Chairman Michael Powell. In response, millions of people --- encouraged by groups such as the National Rifle Assn. and the National Organization for Women --- contacted the FCC and Congress to voice their opposition. The FCC approved the rule changes anyway, only to see them nearly overturned by Congress and then rejected by the courts. Despite the overwhelming public opposition, Martin’s latest attempt to eliminate cross-ownership rules is driven by the massive lobbying of a cartel (企业联盟) of second-tier big media companies specializing in newspaper and broadcast station ownership, such as Gannett, Media General and Tribune. Their motive is bigger profits. But what’s good for Big Media’s bottom line isn’t always good for the rest of us. The first victim of “media company towns” would be journalism. When one firm owns most of a city’s news outlets, who needs a bunch of competing newsrooms? Investigative reporting and extensive local coverage requires a costly staff. It’s far cheaper to syndicate (出售给多个媒体) fare from headquarters than to support a diversity of local voices. If your readers and viewers don’t like it, where else are they going to go? Once the big chains start selling and exchanging their properties to build up larger fiefdoms (地盘), the already declining number of independent and minority owners will be further squeezed out. Today, just one in five daily newspapers is owned by individuals or companies that don’t own any other newspapers. According to the most recent FCC data, fewer than 4% of radio stations and 2% of TV stations are owned by minorities. Industry and Wall Street publicity says local media can’t compete without further consolidation (整合). Yet media companies already enjoy higher profit margins than most industries. They say we must deregulate. But radio and TV station ownership is by definition regulated --- these are the public airwaves and there are only so many channels available in a community. The only question is on whose behalf will Washington make the rules: major media companies or the public? 53. The rule on “newspaper-broadcast cross-ownership” intends to ________. A. prevent companies from owning both television and radio stations B. limit a company from owning more than one television station C. replace giant media corporations with media company towns D. protect local voices, vigorous competition and diverse viewpoints 54. Which of the following will probably happen if the FCC’s rule changes are approved? A. The government will completely dominate public speech. B. The public will voice their strong opposition to Congress. C. The number of radios and TV stations will decline sharply. D. The local media competition will be almost eliminated. 55. Which of the following is true according to the text? A. The former chairman of the FCC ignored public opinion with a risk. B. A company is forbidden to own more than one newspaper. C. The local news outlets are controlled by independent companies. D. Media industry used to be an unprofitable industry. 56. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A. Can We Hear More Local Voices? B. Do We Really Want Big Media to Get Even Bigger? C. How Will FCC’s Action Affect Consumers? D. How Will Washington Make Media Ownership Rules? 【答案】53. D 54. D 55. A 56. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讨论了FCC对媒体所有权规则的审查、这一举措的背景、动机、公众反应、潜在影响，以及媒体所有权集中化对新闻业和公众利益的威胁。 【53题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Martin’s main target is the ban on “newspaper-broadcast cross-ownership” that prohibits one company from owning the major daily newspaper as well as radio and TV stations in the same area. He’d also like to allow one company to own more than one TV station in smaller markets, and more than two in the largest cities.(马丁的主要目标是禁止“报纸——广播交叉所有制”，即禁止一家公司拥有同一地区的主要日报以及广播和电视台。他还希望允许一家公司在较小的市场拥有一个以上的电视台，在大城市拥有两个以上的电视台。)”可知，“报纸广播交叉所有制”的规定意在保护本地声音、激烈竞争和不同观点。故选D。 【54题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“The agency’s “Further Notice of Proposed Rulemaking,” issued July 25, is vague, but its intention is clear: to let a few giant media corporations swallow up more local television channels, radio stations and newspapers in a single market.(该机构于7月25日发布的“关于拟议规则制定的进一步通知”含糊其辞，但其意图很明确：让少数大型媒体公司在一个单一市场上吞并更多的地方电视频道、广播电台和报纸。)”可知，如果FCC的规则变更获得批准，当地媒体的竞争将几乎被去除。故选D。 【55题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In response, millions of people --- encouraged by groups such as the National Rifle Assn. and the National Organization for Women --- contacted the FCC and Congress to voice their opposition.(作为回应，在National Rifle association和National Organization for Women等团体的鼓励下，数百万人联系了联邦通信委员会和国会，表达了他们的反对意见。)”可知，前任主席的行为忽略了公众的意见，是一种冒险。故选A。 【56题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“The agency’s “Further Notice of Proposed Rulemaking,” issued July 25, is vague, but its intention is clear: to let a few giant media corporations swallow up more local television channels, radio stations and newspapers in a single market.(该机构于7月25日发布的“关于拟议规则制定的进一步通知”含糊其辞，但其意图很明确：让少数大型媒体公司在一个单一市场上吞并更多的地方电视频道、广播电台和报纸。)”可知，本文主要介绍新闻广播电视等传播行业的兼并和竞争，讨论兼并对于竞争和小企业的影响等，因此本文最好的标题是B选项“Do We Really Want Big Media to Get Even Bigger?(我们真的希望大型媒体变得更大吗？)”。故选B。 Section C Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. (8%) The Ecological Benefits of Fire Nearly 80 years ago, the United States Forest Service created its advertising icon Smokey Bear to encourage forest and national park visitors to help prevent wildfires. Despite Smokey’s education campaigns, a single California wildfire in 2018 destroyed nearly 20,000 structures and killed more than 80 people, with insured losses topping $10 billion. However, while all fires have the potential to become dangerous to property and life, controlled use of wildfires for positive environmental effects is common around the world. It might seem counterproductive that a fire, which burns plant life and endangers animals within an ecosystem, could promote ecological health. ____57____ As decaying plants begin to build up on the ground, they may block organisms’ access to nutrients within the soil or prevent animals on the land from accessing the soil. This coating of dead organic matter can also prevent smaller or new plants from growing. When humans perform a prescribed burn, the goal is to remove that layer of decay in a controlled manner, allowing the healthy parts of the ecosystem to thrive. ___58___ This benefit has been exploited by farmers for centuries. Plants require fire to move along their life cycles. For example, seeds from many pine tree species are enclosed in pine cones that are covered in pitch, which must be melted by fire for the seeds to be released. Animals depend on fire, too. They only food source for the endangered Karner blue caterpillar is wild lupine. This plant requires fire to maintain an ecosystem balance in which it can thrive. Without fire, the lupines do not flourish, and the caterpillars cannot consume enough food to undergo metamorphosis and become butterflies. ___59___ It turns out that they survive by burrowing into the ground or escaping to safer areas. As a result, fires can help rid an ecosystem of invasive plants and animals. Not having adapted to the regular wildland fires, these species are less likely to recover in the ecosystem they invaded. In the end, it is true that the responsibility of preventing uncontrolled wildfires lies with humanity. Smokey Bear’s message is right: Nearly 85 percent of wildfires originate from human activity, We have to take action to prevent these damaging fires. ___60___ Understanding and appreciating the benefits of fire is the only way to truly keep our homes, population and ecosystem safe from its dangers. A. Suppression, however, is not enough. B. Perhaps surprisingly, the animal casualties from wildfires are low. C. But fire is a natural phenomenon, and nature has evolved with its presence. D. Additionally, the build-up of decaying organic matter on the ground is fuel for wildfires. E. Some plant and animal populations require the benefits of fire to survive and reproduce. F. Moreover, nutrients released from the burned material, return more quickly into the soil than if they bad slowly decayed over time. 【答案】57. C 58. F 59. B 60. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了野外火灾作用以及带来的好处。 【57题详解】 根据上文“It might seem counterproductive that a fire, which burns plant life and endangers animals within an ecosystem, could promote ecological health.(在一个生态系统中，一场燃烧植物并危及动物的火灾可能会促进生态健康，这似乎适得其反)”以及后文“As decaying plants begin to build up on the ground, they may block organisms’ access to nutrients within the soil or prevent animals on the land from accessing the soil. This coating of dead organic matter can also prevent smaller or new plants from growing. When humans perform a prescribed burn, the goal is to remove that layer of decay in a controlled manner, allowing the healthy parts of the ecosystem to thrive.(当腐烂的植物开始在地面上堆积时，它们可能会阻止生物获取土壤中的营养物质，或者阻止陆地上的动物进入土壤。这层死有机物的涂层也可以阻止小植物或新植物的生长。当人类进行规定的烧伤时，目标是以一种可控的方式去除那层腐烂，让生态系统的健康部分茁壮成长)”提到了火灾的好处，可知，本句与上文构成转折关系，指出野外火灾的作用。故C选项“但是火是一种自然现象，自然是随着火的存在而进化的”符合语境，故选C。 【58题详解】 根据上文“As decaying plants begin to build up on the ground, they may block organisms’ access to nutrients within the soil or prevent animals on the land from accessing the soil. This coating of dead organic matter can also prevent smaller or new plants from growing. When humans perform a prescribed burn, the goal is to remove that layer of decay in a controlled manner, allowing the healthy parts of the ecosystem to thrive.(当腐烂的植物开始在地面上堆积时，它们可能会阻止生物获取土壤中的营养物质，或者阻止陆地上的动物进入土壤。这层死有机物的涂层也可以阻止小植物或新植物的生长。当人类进行规定的烧伤时，目标是以一种可控的方式去除那层腐烂，让生态系统的健康部分茁壮成长)”及后文“This benefit has been exploited by farmers for centuries.(几个世纪以来，农民一直在利用这一好处)”可知，该句承接上文，继续说明野火所带来的好处。故F选项“此外，从燃烧的物质中释放出来的营养物质比随着时间的推移慢慢腐烂的营养物质更快地返回到土壤中”符合语境，故选F。 【59题详解】 根据后文“It turns out that they survive by burrowing into the ground or escaping to safer areas. As a result, fires can help rid an ecosystem of invasive plants and animals. Not having adapted to the regular wildland fires, these species are less likely to recover in the ecosystem they invaded.(事实证明，它们通过在地下挖洞或逃到更安全的地方来生存。因此，火灾可以帮助清除入侵植物和动物的生态系统。由于没有适应正常的野火，这些物种不太可能在它们入侵的生态系统中恢复过来)”可知，后文提到了它们通过在地下挖洞或逃到更安全的地方来生存，推测本句是在说明they指代的是野外的动物，故B选项“也许令人惊讶的是，野火造成的动物伤亡很少”符合语境，故选B。 【60题详解】 根据上文“In the end, it is true that the responsibility of preventing uncontrolled wildfires lies with humanity. Smokey Bear’s message is right: Nearly 85 percent of wildfires originate from human activity, We have to take action to prevent these damaging fires.(最后，防止不受控制的野火的责任确实在于人类。斯莫基熊的信息是正确的：近85%的野火源于人类活动，我们必须采取行动防止这些破坏性的火灾)”以及后文“Understanding and appreciating the benefits of fire is the only way to truly keep our homes, population and ecosystem safe from its dangers.(理解和欣赏火灾的好处是真正保护我们的家园、人口和生态系统免受危险的唯一途径)”可知，上文提到了采取行动防止这些破坏性的火灾，后文则提到了理解和欣赏火灾的好处，推测本句与上文构成转折关系，故A选项“然而，压制是不够的”符合语境，故选A。 V. Translation (20%) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 61. 父亲能够理解儿子的困境，因为他也经历过类似的挑战。(relate) The father can ________________ as he has been through similar challenges himself. 【答案】relate to his son’s struggles 【解析】 【详解】考查动词和名词。根据中文提示可知，表示“理解”应用relate to，为固定搭配，在本句中作谓语，且情态动词后应用动词原形，表示“（他）儿子的困境”应用 his son’s struggles，在本句中作宾语。故填relate to his son’s struggles。 62. 对失败的恐惧会打消许多人追求梦想的念头。(discourage) The fear of failure can ________________. 【答案】discourage many people from pursuing their dreams 【解析】 【详解】考查动词和名词。根据中文提示可知，表示“打消许多人追求梦想的念头”应用discourage many people from pursuing their dreams，其中discourage sb from doing表“劝阻某人做某事”，为固定搭配；pursuing their dreams(追求他们的梦想)，为动名词短语，在本句中作介词后宾语。故填discourage many people from pursuing their dreams。 63. 作者被自身的焦虑折磨到了要寻求心理治疗的地步。(point) The author struggled with her anxiety ________________. 【答案】to the point of seeking psychotherapy 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语和动名词。到……地步用固定短语“to the point of”，寻求心理治疗译为“seek psychotherapy”，接在介词of后，应用动名词形式，故填to the point of seeking psychotherapy。 64. 太过在意回报可能会剥夺体验本身的乐趣。(hang) ________________ can take away from the joy of the experience. 【答案】Getting too hung up on the reward 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。根据中文提示可知，表示“太过在意”应用get hung up on，为固定搭配，且这里动词应用动名词形式作主语；表示“回报”可用the reward，在本句中作介词后宾语。故填Getting too hung up on the reward。 65. 友情本身就很重要，我们不应该忽视这一事实。(sake) We shouldn’t neglect the fact that ________________. 【答案】friendship is important for its own sake. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和固定短语。友谊很重要译为“friendship is important”，描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，本身用固定短语“for one’s own sake”，故填friendship is important for its own sake。 66. 事实证明，我们当初计划这次旅行是正确的。(turn) ________________, we were right to have planned this trip. 【答案】As it turned out 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型和时态。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“事实证明”，是固定句型as it turns/turned out，由were可知，句子时态用一般过去时，位于句首的单词首字母大写，因此空格处是As it turned out。故填As it turned out。 67. 很难看穿萨拉的心情，因为她从来都是喜怒不行于色。(wear) It’s hard to tell how Sarah is feeling because she never ________________. 【答案】wears her emotions/heart on her sleeve 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和固定短语。短语“喜怒不行于色”的英文表达为“wear one’s emotions或heart on one’s sleeve”，动词wear为谓语，根据上文可知应用一般现在时，主语she，谓语用第三人称单数，故填wears her emotions/heart on her sleeve。 68. 尽管学者们努力纠正，但这种用法似乎一直存在于美式英语中。(here) Despite efforts by scholars to correct it, this usage ________________ in American English. 【答案】seems to be here to stay 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和固定短语。似乎，固定短语“seem to do”，描述一般事实，用一般现在时，主语this usage，谓语第三人称单数，一直存在于，固定短语“be here to stay”，接在to后，应用动词原形，故填seems to be here to stay。 69. 从南极洲旅行归来后，他们肯定需要时间重新适应假期结束后的生活。(bound) After returning from their trip to Antarctica, they ________________ to readjust to their post-holiday life. 【答案】are bound to take time 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。根据中英文提示，“肯定做”使用固定短语be bound to do，“需要时间做”使用动词短语take time to do，句子是描述一个一般性事实，使用一般现在时，主语they表示复数意义，be动词使用are，故填are bound to take time。 70. 缺乏沟通是造成家庭内部冲突的部分原因。(blame) Lack of communication ________________ the conflicts within the family. 【答案】is partly to blame for 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和固定短语。是……的原因用固定短语“be to blame for”，描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语Lack of communication，谓语用第三人称单数，部分的，用副词partly，故填is partly to blame for。 71. 像学习许多其它语言一样，学习西班牙语通常需要掌握语法和词汇。(case) ________________ learning Spanish often involves mastering grammar and vocabulary. 【答案】As is the case with many other languages 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“像其它语言一样”，“像……一样”是固定句型as is the case with，“其它语言”是many other languages，位于句首的单词首字母大写，因此空格处是As is the case with many other languages。故填As is the case with many other languages。 72. 成为艺术家的追求似乎与我的现实生活相去甚远。(removed) The ambition of becoming an artist ________________ my reality. 【答案】seems far removed from 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和固定短语。“似乎”应用系动词seem，作谓语，根据句意可知描述一般事实应用一般现在时，主语The ambition，谓语第三人称单数，“离……远”应用短语“removed from”，表示“甚，到……程度”，用副词far修饰，故填seems far removed from。 73. 目前，两个解决方案不言自明一——继续排队等候或者换一家餐厅。(suggest) ________________ at the moment — keep waiting in line or find another restaurant. 【答案】Two solutions suggest themselves 【解析】 【详解】考查名词和短语。主语“两个解决方案”为two solutions；表示“不言自明”短语为suggest oneself，此处陈述事实用一般现在时，谓语用原形，反身代词用themselves；首字母大写。故填Two solutions suggest themselves。 74. 我完全认识到保持规律饮食和睡眠的重要性。(crucial) I fully understand ________________ a regular eating and sleeping schedule. 【答案】how crucial it is to keep 【解析】 【详解】考查宾语从句。空处使用“how+形容词”引导宾语从句，作understand的宾语，表示“重要”使用形容词crucial，从句使用固定句型“it+be+形容词+动词不定式”，it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语，“保持”使用动词keep，结合主句时态和句意可知，此处描述一个事实，使用一般现在时，be动词使用is，故填how crucial it is to keep。 75. 在中国，集邮可以追溯到清末，约20世纪初期。(date) In China, stamp collecting ________________, around the early 20th century. 【答案】dates back to the late Qing Dynasty 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和固定短语。追溯为固定短语“date back to”，在句中作谓语，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语“stamp collecting”，谓语第三人称单数，清末译为“the late Qing Dynasty”，故填dates back to the late Qing Dynasty。 76. 如果改善健康是你的代办事项之一，你可以做一件事，就是养成定期锻炼的习惯。(list) If improving health ________________, there is one thing that you can do: get into the habit of exercising regularly. 【答案】is on your to-do list 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语和谓语动词。结合句意，本题考查固定短语be on one’s to-do list，意为“列入某人的待办事项清单”，if引导条件状语从句，空处为从句的谓语动词，根据is可知，时态为一般现在时，主语是improving health，是单个的动名词短语做主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，be动词用is；表示“你的”，用形容词性物主代词your。故填is on your to-do list。 77. 这一发现可以为该领域的新研究提供灵感。(serve) The finding could ________________ new studies in the field. 【答案】serve as inspiration for 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语和名词。根据中英文提示，空处缺少“提供灵感”，根据提示词可以译为“serve as inspiration”，接在情态动词could后，应用动词原形，为用介词for，故填serve as inspiration for。 78. 天黑了，我看不清周围的建筑，也看不清脚下的路。(nor) As it was getting dark, I couldn’t see the buildings around me, ________________ beneath my feet. 【答案】nor could I see the road 【解析】 【详解】考查部分倒装。“也不”用nor，“我看清路”译为“I could see the road”，把nor提到句首，后面的句子用部分倒装，故填nor could I see the road。 79. 如果不留心的话，你可能会错过让照片与众不同的小细节。(miss out) If you don't pay attention, you might ________________ that make a photo special. 【答案】miss out on the small details 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语和名词。错过用固定短语“miss out on”，接在情态动词might后，应用动词原形，小细节译为“the small details”，故填miss out on the small details。 80. 为了不被淘汰，普通的鼠标必须找到方法以适应不断变化的技术环境。(leave) ________________, the computer mouse must find a way to adapt to the ever changing technological environment. 【答案】In order not to be left behind 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语和固定搭配。根据中文提示可知，表示“为了不”应用in order not to，为介词短语，在本句中作状语；表示“被淘汰”应用be left behind，其中leave behind表“留下；抛下”，为固定搭配。故填In order not to be left behind。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$