Unit 1 Face values Using language 主语从句 课件-2023-2024学年高中英语外研版（2019）选择性必修第三册

Discover useful structures- Subject clauses(主语从句） Learning objectives: In this class we will: Learn how to identify the uses of noun clauses. Master the use of the subject clauses. Practice using and translating the subject clauses. 句子 类型 简单句 并列句 复合句 主句 形容词性从句 (定语从句) 名词性从句 副词性从句(状语从句) 主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 从句 Definition and types: Step1. Lead-in Definition: Your smile is impressive. Don’t put off your assignment till tomorrow. Promise, sometimes, is a lie. We must keep the truth in mind. China, a beautiful country, is my hometown. Tips: Nouns can function as subject, object, predicative（表语）, appositive （同位语）. Definition: What impresses me most is your smile. Don’t put off till tomorrow what should be done today. Promise, sometimes, is what a cheater says to a fool. We must keep the truth in mind that all time is no time when it is past. Tips: Clauses that function as subject, object, predicative, appositive are called noun clauses. There are subject clauses, object clauses, predicative clauses, appositive clauses. 引导词 名词 主语、宾语、表语、同位语 主语从句、 宾语从句、 表语从句、 同位语从句 5. To find your way can be a problem. 4. Smoking is bad for you. 1. Jane works hard. 2. You are a student. 3. The old should be respected. Step2. What’s the subject and subject clauses? 6. What she said is not yet known. 结论：主语:句子说明的人或事物，一般放在______。 主语从句:在主从复合句中，充当 的从句。 句首 主语从句作主语 名词作主语 代词作主语 形容词作主语 动名词作主语 动词不定式作主语 7. It is a pity that you didn’t see him. 主语从句作主语 主语 7 主语从句 The Subject Clause 定义：主语从句就是在复合句中作_________的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。 主语 e.g. What he did in the earthquake moved everybody. 主语 谓语 宾语 从句 主语从句的连接词 重难点知识精讲——Linking-words 10 That Yuan Longping cared little for celebrity or money was true. Whether it was possible to develop the hybrid rice was in debate. Who will solve the soil problem is unknown. Which one is the best to expand output is not clear. When Yuan would retire to a life of leisure was never mentioned. Where the hybrid rice can be planted is a question. Why Yuan developed seawater rice was to feed more people. Find the linking words of subject-clause. 找出主语从句有哪些不同的连接词 11 1. That/ whether 1. That I love English is real. 2. Whether the boy could win made me curious. Conclusion1:引导主语从句的从属连词有： that在句中 （有/无）含义， （充当/不充当）句子成分， （可/不可）省略。 Whether意思是“ ”， (充当/不充当）句子成分。当主语从句在句首时，whether一般 （能/不能）被if替换。 无 不充当 不可 不充当 是否 不能 12 2. What/ who/ which/ whoever… 1. What the refugees have gone through is beyond our imagination. 2. Who would get the opportunity to travel to Beijing is unknown. 3. Which student would be the volunteer is not clear. 4. Whoever breaks the law will be punished. Conclusion2: 引导主语从句的连接代词主要有：谁“ ”、无论谁“ ”什么“ ”无论什么“ ”、谁的“ ”、哪一个“ ”；在句中可以充当 、 、表语、 。 who whoever what whatever whose which 主语 宾语 定语 13 3. When/ how/ why/ where 1. When we will leave hasn't been decided. 2. How she keeps healthy is a secret. 3. Why he cries is not clear. 4. Where the meeting will be held is not known. Conclusion3: 引导主语从句的连接副词，在句中做“ ”。主要包括：怎么样“ ”，为什么“ ”在/去什么地方“ ”，什么时候“ ”。 状语 how why where when 注意： 疑问词+ever 也可引导主语从句，但不含疑问， 往往含有强调作用，意思是“无论…” 如： whoever 无论谁 whatever 无论什么 whichever 无论哪个 whenever 无论什么时候 wherever 无论哪里 …… 它们在句子中担任成分，不能省略， 语序为陈述语序 “疑问词＋-ever”和“no matter＋疑问词”引导的让步状语从句 Using language ·Whatever arouses his interest can be found in the school library. 无论什么引起了他的兴趣，都可以在学校图书馆中找到。（Whatever引导主语从句） ·Eat either cake you like and leave the other for whoever comes late. 你吃一块蛋糕，将剩下的留给来晚的人。（whoever引导宾语从句） ·You can take whichever seat you like. 无论你想坐哪个座位都可以。（whichever引导宾语从句） ③“特殊疑问词＋-ever”不可与“no matter＋特殊疑问词”互换的情形 whatever，whoever和whichever除了引导让步状语从句外，还可引导名词性从句，此时不可与no matter what，no matter who和no matter which互换。 15 主语从句太长怎么办？ That all countries work together is important. 用一个 It 来解决问题！ It is important that all countries work together. 一般来说主语从句都是放在句首,但有时为了使句子 结构平衡, ★主语从句为了避免头重脚轻现象,用it做_______，而把从句放在后面充当_________。 真正的主语 形式主语 17 It作形式主语 1. That the earth moves around the sun is well known. = It is well known that the earth moves around the sun. 2. That she has made such a mistake is a pity . = It is a pity that she has made such a mistake. 3. Whether he'll come here isn't clear.   = It isn't clear whether/if he'll come here. 注意：主语从句位于句首时, 不能用if 引导, 主语从句后置时, 才可以用if引导。 用一个 It 来解决问题！ 18 It作形式主语 (1) It +be+形容词（obvious, true, surprising, wonderful, possible, likely, certain) +that 从句 (2) It + be +过去分词(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, suggested等)+that从句 (3) It + be +名词词组(a pity, a shame, good news, an honor, no wonder等)+that从句 (4)It+不及物动词/动词短语(seem, appear, happen, matter, turn out, occur to等)+that 从句 (5) It is necessary/important等 + that(should) do It is suggested/ordered等 + that (should) do 接虚拟语气 分析句子成分 缺主宾 表定 缺状语 用连接代词 用连接副词 根据语意缺什么补什么 都不缺用that或whether 主语从句的引导词 类别 连接词 说明 从属连词 两者在从句中均不作成分，只起连接作用； 连接代词 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分。 连接副词 在从句中作时间、地点、方式、原因状语等成分。 that，whether who，what，which，whoever，whatever等 when，where，how，why whether 表“是否”，不省略 that无实义， dc086... text has been truncated due to evaluation version limitation. 19 主语从句的规律： 找出下列句子中的错误，并总结规律 例1.When will he come is not known. 规律一、主语从句一律用_________， 即_______在前，_______在后。 正：When he will come is not known. 陈述语序 主语 谓语 主语从句的规律： 例2. He will not come to the meeting this evening is true. 正：That he will not come to the meeting this evening is true. 规律二、连词____在从句中无实际意义， 但_____省略。 that 不能 主语从句的规律： 例3. If the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet. 正： Whether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet. 规律三、_______ 可以引导主语从句， 放在句首，但____不能。 whether if 主语从句的规律： 例4. That whether he will help others is a fact. 正：That he will help others is a fact. 规律四、主语从句中的____不能重叠使用。 连词 主语从句的规律： 例5. When he will come are a puzzle. 正：When he will come is a puzzle. 规律五、含主语从句的主句谓语动词多用 _________________。 第三人称单数形式 主语从句的规律： 1. What he needs is that book. 2. What he needs is some books. 规律六、what 引导的主语从句，可根据 ____决定主句动词的单复数形式。 表语 are 规律七、主语从句为了避免头重脚轻现象，用____做_________，而把主语从句放在后面。 例7 That the earth turns around the sun is known to all. It is known to all that the earth turns around the sun. it 形式主语 1. 谁将去接他还没有确定（pick）。 __________________ hasn't been decided yet. 2. 我们是否能按时完成工作还不知道（finish）。 ___________________________________ remains unknown. 3. 你喜不喜欢他都与我无关（like）。 _________________________ is none of my business. 4. 他将何时出国正在讨论之中（abroad）。 _____________________ is being discussed. 5. 英语学习中最重要的是足够的练习(matter)。 __________________in learning English is enough practice. Complete the following sentences. Who will pick him up Whether we can finish the work on time Whether you like him (or not) What matters most When he will go abroad 随 堂 练 习 6. 她的头发正在变白让她有些担忧（turn）。 It worried her a bit ________________________. 7. 杨利伟成功地环绕地球后，我们希望的是宇航 员在太空漫步（desire）。 After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, _____________ our astronauts walk in space. 8. 任何违法的人都应该被惩罚（break） 。 ______________________ should be punished. 9. 我们能同时学四门外语似乎不可能（seem）。 ______________________ we can learn four foreign languages at the same time. 10. 他竟然没向我们说一声就走了，真是奇怪。 _______________ he went away without telling us. 随 堂 练 习 that her hair was turning grey it's desired that Whoever breaks the law It seems impossible that It's strange that Yuan Longping devoted himself to helping feed so many people left a deep impression on me. 2. Importantly, he never gave up despite many difficulties. He became a great person because he succeeded in developing the hybrid rice . 句式升级 Use subject clauses to rewrite this. is that Yuan Longping was devoted to helping feed so many people. was important , despite many difficulties. It that he never gave up made him become a great person . What impresses me most That he succeeded in developing the hybrid rice Summary 主语从句 复合句中用作主语的从句叫作主语从句 含义 从属连词: that, whether 连接代词: who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, what, whatever, which, whichever 连接副词: when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however 连接词 注意 语序问题: 陈述语序(主语+谓语) 主谓一致问题 It作形式主语的句型 Summary 主语从句三要素 Whether anyone can break her records is not sure. 主语从句不能省略_________ 主语从句用 _______ 语序 主语从句做主语时，句子谓语动词一般用______ 单 数 引 导 词 陈 述 Thank you $$