专题07 现在完成时-备战2025年中考英语语法专项突破与提升训练

专题07 现在完成时 一、含义、结构、标志词、动词变化、句型转换 （一）含义 1．表示动作发生在过去，对现在产生了影响。汉语常用“了”或“已经”表示。 例句：I have just had my breakfast. 我已经吃了早餐。 （“吃”这个动作发生在过去，对现在产生的影响：现在不饿） He has left his keys. 他丢了钥匙。 （“丢”这个动作发生在过去，对现在产生的影响：进不去家门） 2．表示动作发生在过去，延续到现在或者延续到将来。常和 these days，for a long time，since，等表示一段时间的时间词连用。 例句：I have known Jackson Wang for six years．我知道王嘉尔6年了。 （“知道”这个动作发生在过去，到现在还认识） Tom has lived in Guangzhou since 2000．Tom 自从2000年就住在广州了。 （“住”这个动作发生在过去，到现在还住在广州，或许以后也还住） （二）结构：have／has＋done（过去分词） 【区分have和has】三单用has，非三单用have （三）标志词 1．already（已经），yet（已经；仍未） 2．since（自从），for（持续） 3．never（从不），ever（曾经），just（刚刚），xxx times（．．．次） 4．these days（这些天），in recent years（在最近几年）lately／recently（最近） in the past few years（过去几年），for a long time（一段时间）， over the past...years（过去...年中），so far／up to now／by now（目前为止） 5． It is the first／second／third／time that 句子（现在完成时） 6． 这是第一／二／三次. 例句：It is the first time that I have met him. 这是我第一次碰见她。 It is the second time that he has seen the film. 这是他第二次看这个电影。 【标志词区分】 1. already & yet I have bought Jackson’s vinyl record. 我已经买了王嘉尔的黑胶唱片啦。 Have you listened to the new songs of Jackson yet？你听了Jackson的新歌了么？ I haven’t listened to Jackson’s new songs yet. 我还没有听Jackson的新歌。 意思 用法区别 already 已经 用在肯定句中，放在have／has和过去分词之间或者句末 yet 已经 用在疑问句中 仍未 用在否定句中 即时演练A-already和yet 填空 1.Have you eaten your dinner ? 2.She has washed her hands. 3. I haven't watch the new show . 4. We have bought some new shirts . 2. since & for I have read this book for three hours. 我已经读了三小时的书。 I have read this book since 2 p.m．我从下午2点开始就读这本书了。 I have known him since I moved here. 自从我搬到这里来我就认识他了。 意思 用法区别 since 自从 since＋时间点；since＋句子（过去时态） for 持续 for＋时间段 【区分点和段】“倒推-具体法” 若可以倒推到一个具体的日期，年份，月份，小时，都是点。 如果不能推回一个具体的点，那就是时间段。 例子：2 hours ago（2个小时前）。假设现在是4点，2个小时前即2点。那么这就是一个时间点。 即时演练B-since 和 for 填空 1. six weeks 2. yesterday evening 3. 2021 4. last Monday 5. seven o'clock 6. a few minutes ago 7. a long time 8. three hours 9. they arrived in the city 10. they heard the news （四）动词变化 1．规则动词的过去分词和过去式一样，即【动词+ed] 2．记住一些常见的不规则动词的过去分词：（完整的看读本） do--done see--seen go--gone be--been eat--eaten know--known write--written find--found make--made buy--bought put--put begin--begun build--built teach--taught meet-met think--thought （五）句型转换 非三单做主语 三单做主语 句子结构 肯定句 I have done my work. She has done her work. 主语＋have／has＋done＋其他 否定句 I haven't done my work. She hasn't done her work. 主语＋ haven’t／hasn’t ＋done＋其他 一般疑问句 Have you done your work? Has she done her work? Have／Has＋主语+done+其他？ 特殊疑问句 What have you done? What has she done? 特殊疑问词＋一般疑问句？ 【句型转换tip】：有have／has用have／has。 否定后加not，疑问移到句首。 即时演练C-句型转换 1． She has already been to Britain．（改一般疑问句） she been to Britain ? 2． I have ever visited John’s house．（改否定句） I John's house. 3．I have borrowed two books from the library．（改一般疑问句） borrowed two books from the library? 4．He hasn’t come to school because he was ill．（对划线部分提问） __________ ___________ he _____ to school? 二、have／has been to， have／has gone to， has been in 的区别 （1）have／has gone to／been to 都可用于表述一种经历，但有差别。 She has been to Beijing. 她去过北京。 She has gone to library. 她去了北京。 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 区别 have/has been to 去过某地，人已经不在那个地方， 常和just，already，before，次数等副词连用 have/has gone to 去了某地，人在那个地方 【注意】这两个短语不能和一段时间（for／since＋时间词）连用 例：She has been to Beijing for 9 years．（×） I have gone to the UK since I was a child. （×） （2） have／has been in（at）＋某地 一直在．．． We have been in Guangzhou for 3 years． 我们在广州已经3年了。【in＋大地方】 My mum has been at the shop for more than two hours. 【at＋小地方】 我妈妈已经在那个商店两个多小时了。 区别 have/has been in(at) 译为“在……”表示人已经在某处， 常与for或since连用 即时演练D--用have been to， have gone to， have been in／at填空 1.He many cities in China. 2.She the zoo several times. 3.--How long the twins this school? --Six years. 4.--How many times you the zoo? --Only once. 5.My elder brother another city for study for 3 years. 6.-- your parents ever the Baiyun Hill? --Never. 7.They the village for five years. 8.My aunt never _London, so she doesn't know where London ts. 9.He just Shanxi so I'm afraid you can't see him. 10.Where he ? I can't find him. 综合练习 一、用括号中所给词的正确时态填空。 1.She already Thai food. (try) 2.They just the football match.(win) 3. they ever the Great Wall? (visit) 4.She never the film before.(see) 5.I just a dress for my mum. (buy) 6.China a lot since 1978. (change) 7.Yesterday morning, I lots of students on my way to the factory.(see) 8.I (put) it right here 3 minutes ago, but now it (go). 9.It is the biggest lake I ever (see). 10.Great changes_ in our country in the past twenty years.(happen) 11.The workers (build) up a new school recently. 12.Workers _(begin) to build it 3 months ago. 13.My father never (meet) a tiger before, but last Sunday he (meet) one in the forest. 14.-- your brother the army? (join) --Yes,he has, 15.He (be) in the army for more than 5 years. 二、单项选择。 1. you ever fast food? A.Did,eat B.Have,eaten C.Are,eat D.Have,eat 2.Professor Sayya China for more than 8 years so she Chinese since he came here. A.has been to,has studied B.has been in,has studied C.has gone to, studied D.has gone to, has studied 3. I haven't finished the work A.just B.already C.ever D.yet 4.We the Baiyun Hill last day A.have climbed B.are climbing C.climbed D.was climbing 5.--How long she John?--Since they came to Guangzhou. A.did know B.docs know C.has known D.will know 6.Both John and his friends Chinese for about 10 years. A.studied B.has studied C.have studied D.study 7.The Huangs Guangzhou tor a month. A.have been in B.have been to C.have been D.have gone 8.My music teacher many places before. A.has been to B.has been in C.has gone to D.has been at 9.Marry Australia for a long time so she knows where we can have yummy food well. A.has been in B.has been to C.has gone to D.has been 10.They the cinema so I don't think you can find them. A.have gone to B.have been in C.have been at D.have been to 11.How many cities you ? A.have been B.have been in C.have been to D.have gone to 12.He the dictionary a few days ago. A.bought B.has bought C.buys D.will buy 13.They Guangzhou a week. A. have been to,for B.have been in, for C.have gone to,for D.have been in,since 14.They in the factory for more than 10 years. A.have worked B.worked C.work D.are working 15.---May I speak to Sally? ---Sorry, she is not here. She her uncle's. A. has been in B.has been at C.has gone to D.has been to 答案 即时演练A-already和yet填空 1.yet 2.already 3.yet 4.Already 即时演练B-since和for填空 1.for 2.Since 3.since 4.since 5.since 6.since 7.for 8.for 9.since 10.since 即时演练C-句型转换 1.Has,yet 2.haven't ever visited 3.Have you 4.Why hasn't come 即时演练D 1.has been to 2.has been to 3.have,been at 4.have,been to 5.has gone to 6.Have,been to 7.have been in 8.has,been to 9.has,gone to 10.has,gone 综合练习 一、用括号中所给词的正确时态填空。 1.has tried 2.have,won 3.Have,visited 4.has,seen 5.have,bought 6.has changed 7.saw 8.put,has gone 10.have,seen 10.have happened 11.have built 12.began 13.has,met,met 14.has,joined 15.has been 二、单项选择。 1-5 BBDCC 6-10 CAAAA 11-15 CABAC 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$