专题4.2 名词性从句（重温高考 + 考点精析 + 易错点聚焦 + 考点集训）-2025届高考英语一轮复习【语法精准突破】

专题4.2 名词性从句 2025届高考英语一轮复习【语法精准突破】 目录 contents 1. 重温2020-2024年高考真题 2. 考点精析 3. 书面表达中名词性从句易错点聚焦 4. 考点集训 I.单句语法填空 II.语法填空：基础训练(名词性从句专练) III.语法填空：高考真题(综合训练) 考向1　宾语从句中的连接词 考向2　表语从句中的连接词 考向3　主语从句和同位语从句中的连接词 名词性从句中的连接词 主语从句的核心考点 宾语从句的核心考点 表语从句的核心考点 同位语从句的核心考点 1. (2024年全国高考英语甲卷)On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in ______ is now northwestern Wyoming. 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：1870年9月中旬，在一个凉爽、繁星点点的夜晚，四个男人在火洞河边的营火前放松，这里现在是怀俄明州的西北部。后文为介词in的宾语，is前缺主语，指物，主语用what引导宾语从句，作介词in的宾语，故填what。 what 1.重温高考真题 考向1　宾语从句中的连接词 单句语法填空 2. (2022·新课标全国卷II) “He saved my son’s life,” said Mrs. Brown. “I don’t know _____ to thank him.” 【解析】考查连接词。根据句子结构可知，设空处填写的是特殊疑问词+to do结构做宾语，相当于一个宾语从句，表示“我不知道如何感谢他”，故填how。 how 3. (2022·浙江卷1月) Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak __________ she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of the time, they agreed. 【解析】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：为了她的政党，科布开始询问邀请她发言的会议组织者是否可以远程发言; 大约四分之三的时间，他们同意了。故填whether/if。 whether/if 4. (2020·浙江卷6月) Over thousands of years, they began to depend less on _____ could be hunted or gathered from the wild, and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown. 【解析】考查宾语从句连接词。此空用作介词on后的宾语从句，引导词同时在从句中充当主语。故填what。 what 5. (2018·全国卷Ⅲ) I’m not sure _______ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla (大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere. 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：我不确定谁更害怕，我还是突然出现的雌性大猩猩。此处为宾语从句，空格处表示“谁”，故用who。 who 6. (全国Ⅱ)As natural architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly _____ thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days. 【解析】分析句子结构可知，这是一个宾语从句。根据形容词thick及结构可知，这里的意思是印第安人算出土坯墙的确切厚度。空格后为形容词，因此空格上应用副词，故填how。 how 7. (广东) We were told that our rooms hadn’t been reserved for that week, but for the week after. I didn’t understand _______ this would happen and my credit card had already been charged for the reservation. 【解析】分析句子结构可知，此处为宾语从句。由语境可知，此处意为：我不明白为什么会发生这样的事。故填why。 why 8. (广东) The new boy looked at the teacher for a few seconds and all the other students wondered ______ the boy would do. 【解析】考查宾语从句引导词。此空用在动词wonder之后，是一个宾语从句，引导词同时在从句中作do的宾语，故填what。 what 1. (2024年1月浙江高考)If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s ______ they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed. 【解析】考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，is 后缺引导表语从句并在从句中作宾语的连接代词，what 在此意为 the things that。 what 考向2　表语从句中的连接词 单句语法填空 2. (2023·新课标全国卷II) They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists. This is ______ they need an English trainer. 【解析】考查连接词。句意：他们还需要准备好接受国际记者的英语采访。这就是为什么他们需要一个英语教练。所填词引导表语从句，说明他们需要英语教练的原因。故填why。 why 3. (2020·河南中原名校联考) Earthquakes worry people a lot. The reason is _____ we often do not know when they are coming. People can not prepare for it. 【解析】考查表语从句连接词。设空处为表语从句引导词，在从句中不充当任何成分，且从句的结构和意义完整，所以用that引导。 that 考向3　主语从句和同位语从句中的连接词 单句语法填空 1. (2021·全国卷I) ______ is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. 解析：考查主语从句。句意：这次经历中最令人激动的莫过于那些世外桃源的场景了。根据句子结构分析可知，这里是主语从句引导词，同时在从句中做主语。故填What。 2. (2019·全国卷I)While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence _______ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. 解析：考查同位语从句。根据句子结构分析可知，主句为there be句型，且结构完整，空格后为同位语从句，解释说明中心词evidence的内容，故填that。 What that 3. (2019·江苏卷) Scientists have obtained more evidence _____ plastic is finding its way into the human body. 解析：考查同位语从句。句意：科学家已经获得更多证据，塑料正在进入人们的体内。从句不缺句子成分，且与evidence指代的是同一事件，用that引导同位语从句。 4. (2018·浙江卷11月) It is possible _____ caffeine may cause birth defects (缺陷) in humans, too. 解析：考查主语从句。句意：咖啡因也可能导致人类出生缺陷。句中It是形式主语，代替后面的主语从句。主语从句中主、谓、宾齐全，不缺任何成分。故填that。 that that 考 点 精 析 框架结构图 名词性从句 连接词 从属连词 连接代词 连接副词 that whether / if who whom whose what which when where why 分类 主语从句--- 位于句首或用it代替 宾语从句--- 位于及物动词或介词之后 表语从句--- 位于be 或其他系动词之后 同位语从句--- 位于某些名词后面 名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)中的连接词 名词性从句中的连接词有从属连词that/whether/if等，连接代词what / who / whom / which / whose / whatever / whoever / whomever / whichever等，连接副词where / when / why / how等。 1. that的用法 (1)主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中用that但不能省略。 It’s a pity that all of you are leaving us to tomorrow. My idea is that we should meet him at the station. The police report that the drugs had been found appeared in the press yesterday. (2)一般情况下，宾语从句中的引导词that可省略，但在以下几种情况中that一般不省略： ①当that从句和主句谓语动词之间有插入语时。如: Little Amy didn’t know, I believe, that her brother would go to India. ②有多个that引导的从句时第一个that可以省略，而其他的that常不可省略。如: The teacher told the students (that) they should hand in their homework the next day and that the homework must be signed names by their parents. ③介词except, but, besides, in等后跟that引导的宾语从句时。如: The reason why I like to see the dating show lies in that I can see the young people’s view about the marriage. ④当when, who, what, where, why, how等引导的从句与that引导的从句作主句谓语动词的并列宾语时。如: Not everyone knew what happened and that she was worried. ⑤当主句的状语部分位于that宾语从句之前时，that不宜省略。如: Jane realized at once that she must have been cheated by them. ⑥当 that 宾语从句中的状语部分位于从句的前部时，that不宜省略。如： When I was 10 years old, I promised myself that if I ever had the opportunity to write a book, I would jump at the chance,. ⑦当that宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时，that一般不宜省略。如： Be sure not to tell anyone that we have added water to the wine! ⑧当主句中的谓语动词是固定词组时，其宾语that从句中的that不宜省略。如: Mary has made up her mind that she will study hard for the scholarship, so that she can go abroad for further study. ⑨当that宾语从句前有it作其形式宾语时，that不可省略。如: I think it important that people understand and that they need to be respected for the efforts they have made. ⑩当that宾语从句的主语是非谓语动词或是主语从句时，that不可省略。如: The doctor said that taking proper exercise was the best way of keeping healthy. The old man then explained that what he was looking for was a second hand geography book for a boy. (3)that和what的区别。 that引导名词性从句时，在从句中不担当任何句子成子，也没有任何含义(引导宾语从句时通常可以省略)；而what引导名词性从句时，在从句中要充当一定的句子成分，用作主语、宾语或表语，意为“什么”或“所…的”，what可以分解成定语从句中的“先词行＋关系代词”，即常说的“先行词＋that / which / who”。 He doesn’t know what she cares.他不知道她在意什么。 What you’ve said is none of my business. 你所说的与我无关。 I believe (that) he will return to finish his homework.我相信他会回来完成家庭作业的。 It’s a pity (that) he didn’t finish his college education.真遗憾他没有完成大学教育。 另外，that可引导同位语从句，但what通常不用于引导同位语从句。如: I had no idea that he was appointed general manager of the company. 我不知道他被任命当公司总经理了。 (4)同位语从句与定语从句中that的区别。 同位语从句中的连接词that只起连接作用，在从句中不担当任何句子成分；而定语从句中的关系代词that在句中作宾语、主语或表语，与先行词有修饰关系。同位语从句中，只能用连接词that而不能用which。同位语从句一般放在表具体含义的名词后，解释说明名词的含义或内容，如：news, fact, suggestion, truth, plan, belief, doubt, possibility, idea等，而定语从句只是对先行词的限定和修饰。 They expressed the hope that they would come to visit China again. The hope that they expressed is that they would come to visit China again. 同位语从句 定语从句 2. whether和if的用法： (1)whether和if在宾语从句中可以互换，但是作介词宾语时连接词一般用whether。 The overall cost depends on whether there is an index on the join columns. (2)后面直接跟or not时用whether。 Your habits will decide whether or not you are successful in the future. (3)主语从句(it作形式主语时可用if)、表语从句中只能用whether。 Whether she comes or not makes no difference. “It is whether or not you can learn from your mistake,” my mom continued. (4)whether可以引导同位语从句，用以说明前面的名词的内容，if则不能。 He asked me the question whether the work was worth doing. (5)whether常与or连用表示一种选择，if不能这样用；whether也可与动词不定式连用，但if不能。 But it again raises the question of whether this phenomenon is real. They were usually worried about things like whether to buy a home on the coast. (6)宾语从句位于句首时或者宾语从句提前时用whether不用if。 Thank you, but whether I’ll be available I’m not sure at the moment. (7)whether可引导一个让步状语从句表示“不管”“无论”，而if不能。 Whether he comes or not, we will start our party on schedule. 3.“疑问词＋-ever”和“no matter＋疑问词”的区别： (1)“疑问词＋-ever”可引导名词性从句，在从句中充当一定的成分。 Whoever hands in his homework on time will receive a gift. You can choose whichever book you like best in my study. (2)“疑问句＋-ever”还可引导让步状语从句。 No matter what happened, you should have confidence. (=Whatever happened, you should have confidence.) No matter whatever you do, his love never gives up. (= Whatever you do, his love never gives up.) (3)“no matter＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句。 No matter what you do in the future, English will always be important. No matter who comes late, he must receive some punishment. 4. when, where和why引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别： When, where和why前面的名词若是表示时间、地点和原因的名词，则when, where和why引导的是定语从句，否则为同位语从句。 I can still remember there was a time when we have to live in a deserted house in the village. (定语从句) They put forward the question where they are going to discuss the important matter. (同位语从句) I have no idea why he was looking at me when he said that. (同位语从句) 主语从句的核心考点 1. 主语从句在复合句中充当主语，大多数主语从句都可以用it作形式主语而把主语从句置于句尾。 2. that引导主语从句时可用it作形式主语，that不可省；what引导的主语从句表示“……的东西”时，一般不用it作形式主语；whatever, whoever, whichever一般也不用it作形式主语。 That much of what they recorded was far from the truth was obvious. = It was obvious that much of what they recorded was far from the truth. What we need at present is that we should study harder. 常见的it替代that引导的主语从句的句式主要有以下几种： (1)It＋系动词＋形容词(necessary, right, likely, unlikely, wrong, important, certain, clear, obvious, strange, normal, natural等)＋that从句 It is clear that the primary duty of parents is to provide protection for our children. It is well known that even the same leisure activity may be used differently by different individuals. (2)It＋be＋名词(短语) (a pity, a shame, good news, a fact, an honour, a wonder, no wonder等)＋that从句 It’s no wonder that you’ve achieved so much success. It’s a pity that you’re leaving us tomorrow. (3)It＋be＋过去分词(said, told, heard, reported, decided, suggested, advised, ordered, remembered, thought, considered, well-known, announced, requested, required, insisted等)＋that从句 It is said that tea can improve creative power of the literary artists in ancient China. It is suggested that the question should be discussed at the next meeting. It was reported that by the end of 2023, his business had expanded throughout the world. It is announced that there will be a talk on the international situation in the auditorium at 3 on Saturday afternoon. (4)It＋特殊动词(seem, appear, happen, matter)＋that从句 It happened that Mathilde met with Jeanne in the park in Paris after ten years. 注意： (1)在“It is necessary / important / strange / natural...＋that从句”结构中，从句谓语常用“(should＋)动词原形”。 It is important that students develop an awareness of how the Internet can be used. (2)在“It＋be＋suggested / advised / ordered / requested / insisted / required...＋that从句”结构中，从句谓语应用“(should＋)动词原形”。 It is advised that fans seeking autographs join the line before practice starts. 宾语从句的核心考点 1．动词的宾语从句 (1)大多数动词(hope, tell, say等)可以带宾语从句。 We all hope that they will win, for their team members are much stronger. We never think (that) we are good in everything while others are good in nothing. (2)动词find, feel, think, consier, make, believe等后有宾语补足语时，则常用it作形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置。 They haven’t made it clear when they are going to get married. (3)有些动词(短语)带宾语从句时习惯上需要在宾语从句前加it。这类动词(短语)有hate, enjoy, like, love, dislike, see to等。 I hate it when she calls me at work — I’m always too busy to carry on a conversation with her. 2. 一般情况下介词后只能用wh-类连接词引导宾语从句。 Everything depends on whether we have enough knowledge and money. 注意： (1)where引导的从句有时也用作介词的宾语。 One day I discovered him running about two districts from where we lived. (2)that引导的从句作介词的宾语是很少有的，只有在except, in, but等介词后偶尔可能用到。 Nowadays some children didn’t tell their parents anything except that they needed the money. (3)sure, certain, glad, pleased, happy, surprised等表示“情感”的形容词后也可带宾语从句。 I’m sure that I can help, but I’m going to need you to help me help him. I’m pleased that what should be done has already been done. 表语从句的核心考点 1. 主句的主语是idea, advice, suggestion, order, request, requirement等名词时，表语从句的谓语应用虚拟语气，即“(should＋)动词原形”的形式。 There was a suggestion by the teachers that the meeting should be postponed for a week. 2. 主语为名词reason时，表示从句中的连接词中要用that，而不用why或because。 The reason is that computers exist for humans, not humans for computers. 3. because, as if, as though, as, like等连接词也可引导表语从句。 He has a serious lung disease. That is because he has been smoking too much. Ten years later, it seems as if there aren’t any more rich countries. 同位语从句的核心考点 同位语从句是用以解释说明某一名词的内容的从句。 1. 能接同位语从句的名词有：belief, fact, hope, idea, doubt, news, problem, order, conclusion, suggestion, answer, decision, explanation, information, thought等。 The parents were shocked by the news that their son needed an operation on his knee. 2. 同位语从句一般用that引导，但也可以用连接代词(what, which, who)、连接副词(when, where, why, how)或从属连词whether引导。 We can’t solve the problem how we can travel faster than light. 3. 有时同位语从句不紧跟在它所说明的某个名词后，而是被别的词隔开。 Soon the news got about that China was going to build an exhibition hall. 3. 写作中名词性从句易错点聚焦 1. 语序问题 He asked us whether should we hold a sports meeting. He asked us whether we should hold a sports meeting. 宾语从句的语序应用陈述语序，而不是特殊疑问句的语序。 Do you think what the advertisement can provide to you? What do you think the advertisement can provide to you? 在疑问句中，宾语从句的连接词应担当特殊疑问词的角色位于句首。 (误) (正) (误) (正) 2. what和that的运用 Wuhan was that was once called “stove city” by many people. Wuhan was what was once called “stove city” by many people. 在名词性从句中，连接词that既不作任何句子成分，也没有意义；而连接代词what则相反，它既充当从句的主干成分也有其自身的意义。 另外，我们可以把what解释为：the＋名词＋that/which。 (误) (正) 3. whether和if的运用 If he can go to attend the meeting or not depends on the weather. Whether he can go to attend the meeting or not depends on the weather. whether适用于任何情况；if(作“是否”讲)仅限于动词宾语从句中，但discuss, decide等动词后的宾语从句除外。 (误) (正) 4. 连接词的使用易受汉语干扰 The reason (why I was late) is because I was stuck in the traffic jam. The reason (why I was late) is that I was stuck in the traffic jam. 第一句通过提取简化可得出：The reason is because...在英语中显然造成了重复现象。 (误) (正) 4. 考点集训 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1. There is a popular view ______ in city strangers are less likely to help an elderly person. 2. ______ they obtain from the lesson is very important to the training in their character. 3. I would absolutely support _________ decision he made by himself. 4. People still don’t know ____________ they should drink a cup of coffee in the early morning. 5. At that moment I have no idea _______ I will be next year. that What whatever whether / if where 6. _______ the sun works attracts a lot of students who are very interested in astronomy. 7. The news soon spread over the school ______ they had won the game. 8. The question we face now is ________ we will take part in the physics contest or not. 9. _________ wins the election is going to have a tough time getting the economy back on its feet. 10. It remains unknown ______ they are going to get married at home or abroad. How that whether Whoever when I am going to tell you an unbelievable thing that happened in my restaurant today. This afternoon a poorly dressed gentleman came into my restaurant. Nobody knew _____ he was. We wondered _____ he was so hungry. We were surprised _____ he finished two orders of food in a very limited time. We doubted ___________ the man was able to pay the bill. The gentleman asked ___________ we would mind waiting for just a few minutes. Then we were shocked to see _____ he took out of a letter and a million pound bank note. I asked Mr. Clements __________ it was genuine. Mr. Clements said it was true because two of this amount had been issued by the Bank of England this year. He thought _____ the gentleman showed them couldn’t be a fake. _____ a gentleman with a million pound bank note was in rags and ate in our small restaurant was a big puzzle to all the people there. I really couldn’t describe _____ excited I was. who why that if / whether if / whether that if / whether what Why how Ⅱ.语法填空(名词性从句专练一)原创 Experiences are acquired through our journey in life; we choose ______ we believe and _____ we look at things and people around us based on all our experiences in life. Despite the fact _____ things and life are the way they are, we all have different opinions about everything and everybody. Other people have opinions about us as well. But _____ really matters is the opinion we have about ourselves. You choose to accept and follow _____ other people believe, but you can also decide ___________ you want to become yourself and live according to the reality of life. By living life as it is and being yourself, you create an image about ______ you value most and ____________ you admire most. You should remember _____ important it is to be yourself. The image that you create about yourself determines _____ you are and _____ you feel; it determines _____ successful you become in life and remind you ______ you are standing in life. what how that what what whether／if what who／whom how who how how where 名词性从句专练二原创 III.语法填空：高考真题(综合训练) (2024年1月浙江高考英语)The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family-size this and multi-buy that. However, if you’re shopping for one, buying extra _________ (benefit) from price reductions doesn’t make sense. Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home ____ you can’t use what you’ve bought while it’s still fresh. Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way __________ will make them the most money. If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s ______ they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed. Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free” promotions because of the _________ (criticize) that they lead to waste. Consumers prefer money off individual items. However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes _________ (offer) in smaller packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn’t want to eat them every day. If your supermarket sells loose produce, then buying smaller quantities is easier. Over the last two years, some supermarkets ___________ (start) selling chicken or salad in packs ________ (design) with two halves containing separate portions (份). Then, when you use one section, _____ other stays fresh. Who knows, perhaps some of the more forward-looking ______ (one) may yet come out with a whole range of “just for you” pack sizes with special offers as well. to benefit or that / which what criticism be offered have started designed the ones Thank you $$