Unit3 七选五精练（知识&题型大冲关）-2024-2025学年高一英语上学期知识&题型大冲关（人教版2019必修第一册）

Unit 3 七选五练习 目录 精练篇 1 Passage 1 1 基础篇 5 Passage 1 5 Passage 2 6 Passage 3 7 Passage 4 8 Passage 5 9 拔高篇 10 Passage 1 10 Passage 2 11 Passage 3 12 Passage 4 13 Passage 5 14 Passage 6 15 精练篇 Passage 1 难度⭐⭐⭐⭐ The Upside to Being Outside Research shows that being in nature makes people feel good, whether they’re roughing it in the wilderness for days or just hanging out at a local park for a while. One study was conducted in the city of Birmingham, Alabama. Researchers found that most participants’ mood and well-being improved significantly when they spent time in urban parks, even though the average visit was only around half an hour. 1 For example, scientists in the United Kingdom studied the impact of the “30 Days Wild” campaign. It challenged people to interact with nature for 30 days by enjoying earthy activities like feeding birds and planting flowers. Participants were measurably happier and healthier throughout the challenge…and for months afterwards, too. 2 How does nature boost people’s happiness? Scientists say that spending time in natural settings reduces stress and anxiety, which benefits mental and physical health. Research shows our brains are more relaxed in natural settings. To most people, it’s not news that nature can be calming. But multiple studies have found that spending time in nature also has some more surprising benefits, like improving creativity and problem-solving. 3 Another found that exposure to nature helped people score better on tests. That’s more proof that going outside is a smart move! What accounts for the connection with cognition and creativity? It could be that a good dose of nature acts as a cure to information overload. Everyday life involves a lot of multitasking. Some scientists theorize that spending time in nature enables our brains to rest and recover from mental tiredness. 4 Naturally, scientific studies don’t cover everything that’s great about the great outdoors. 5 From recreation and exercise to happiness and creativity, there are lots of upsides to getting outside. A．One study revealed that people were better at figuring out puzzles after a four-day camping trip. B．According to many scientific studies, there’s a good chance it’ll make you happier, healthier, and more creative. C．What’s more, the lift people get from nature is long lasting. D．Lots of people enjoy fun activities outside, like swimming, riding bikes, or climbing trees. E．When the only light you’ve seen all day is the glow of a screen, it might be a good idea to switch it off. F．This means that whether you’re studying or playing video games, heading outside to give your brain a break might help you get to the next level. G．So, kicking back in a park is a bit like treating your mind to a restful mini vacation. 词汇积累 in nature意思是“本质上；实际上；就其本性而言”。例如：“The problem is more complex in nature than we thought.”（这个问题本质上比我们想象的更复杂。） hang out有“闲逛；逗留；常去某处”的意思。比如：“We often hang out at the mall on weekends.”（我们周末经常在商场闲逛。） interact with表示“与......相互作用；与......互动”。例如：“Children need to interact with their peers to develop social skills.”（孩子们需要和同龄人互动以发展社交技能。） measurably副词，意为“可测量地；显著地；明显地”。例如：“The new policy has measurably improved the situation.”（新政策显著地改善了情况。） reduce stress意思是“减轻压力；缓解压力”。例如：“Exercise can help reduce stress.”（锻炼有助于减轻压力。） exposure to指“暴露于；接触；面临”。例如：“Long-term exposure to noise can cause hearing loss.”（长期暴露在噪音中会导致听力损失。） account for有“解释；说明；占（比例）”等意思。比如：“His illness accounts for his absence.”（他因病缺席。） a good dose of“一剂（大量）......；很多......”。例如：“A good dose of humor can lighten the mood.”（大量的幽默可以让心情变好。） multitasking名词，“多任务处理；同时进行多项任务”。例如：“Multitasking can reduce efficiency.”（多任务处理会降低效率。） recover from“从......中恢复；痊愈”。例如：“It took him a long time to recover from the illness.”（他花了很长时间才从疾病中恢复过来。） figure out“弄明白；想出；理解”。例如：“I can't figure out how to solve this problem.”（我弄不明白如何解决这个问题。） switch off“关闭；切断；不再想”。比如：“Switch off the TV when you finish watching.”（看完电视后把它关掉。） kick back“放松；休息；享受”。例如：“Let's kick back and enjoy the weekend.”（咱们放松一下，享受周末吧。） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 长难句分析 【1】Research shows that being in nature makes people feel good, whether they’re roughing it in the wilderness for days or just hanging out at a local park for a while. 译文 研究表明，身处大自然会让人感觉良好，无论他们是在野外艰苦生活数日，还是只是在当地公园闲逛一会儿。 分析 “that being in nature makes people feel good”：宾语从句，其中“being in nature”是动名词短语作主语，表示“身处大自然”，“feel good”是宾语补足语。“whether they’re roughing it in the wilderness for days or just hanging out at a local park for a while”：让步状语从句，“whether... or...”表示“无论......还是......”，“it”指代某种在野外的活动。 【2】Researchers found that most participants’ mood and well-being improved significantly when they spent time in urban parks, even though the average visit was only around half an hour. 译文 研究者们发现，当大多数参与者在城市公园中度过时光时，他们的情绪和幸福感显著提高，尽管平均游览时间只有大约半小时。 分析 “that most participants’ mood and well-being improved significantly”是宾语从句，“when they spent time in urban parks”是时间状语从句。“even though the average visit was only around half an hour”是让步状语从句。 翻译练习 1. 要真正理解他人，我们必须积极地与他们互动，设身处地为他们着想。(interact with) 2. 接触不同的观点有助于我们开阔思维，接纳多样性。(exposure to) 3. 我们过去的经历造就了今天的我们，但它们并不能决定我们的未来。(account for) 4. 大量的自我反思能够带来个人成长和自我提升。(a good dose of) 5. 弄清楚生活的意义需要时间和努力，但这个过程才是有价值的。(figure out) 6. 在经历了漫长而充满挑战的旅程之后，放松下来享受生活中的简单快乐是至关重要的。(kick back) 答案解析 【答案】1．C 2．G 3．A 4．F 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是户外活动的好处。 1．根据空后的For example可知，空后内容是对该空的举例说明，所以该空为本段的主题句，根据空处所在段落的尾句“Participants were measurably happier and healthier throughout the challenge…and for months afterwards, too. (在整个挑战过程中，参与者都更快乐、更健康……之后的几个月也是如此。)”可知，该段讲述的是在户外活动给参与者带来的快乐会持续很久，C选项“What’s more, the lift people get from nature is long lasting. (更重要的是，人们从大自然中获得的提升是持久的。)”表述的内容与举例说明中的内容一致，符合语境。故选C项。 2．根据空前“For example, scientists in the United Kingdom studied the impact of the “30 Days Wild” campaign. It challenged people to interact with nature for 30 days by enjoying earthy activities like feeding birds and planting flowers.Participants were measurably happier and healthier throughout the challenge…and for months afterwards, too. (例如，英国科学家研究了“野外30天”运动的影响。它要求人们在30天内与大自然互动，享受像喂鸟和种花这样的朴实活动。参与者在整个挑战过程中以及之后的几个月里都明显更快乐、更健康。在整个挑战过程中，参与者都更快乐、更健康……之后的几个月也是如此。)”可知，该段讲述的是在户外活动给参与者带来快乐，G选项“So, kicking back in a park is a bit like treating your mind to a restful mini vacation. (所以，在公园里放松一下有点像给你的大脑放个小长假。)”，是对前面的总结，符合语境。故选G项。 3．根据空前“But multiple studies have found that spending time in nature also has some more surprising benefits, like improving creativity and problem-solving.(但多项研究发现，花时间在大自然中也有一些更令人惊讶的好处，比如提高创造力和解决问题的能力。)”中的multiple studies以及空后句子“Another found that exposure to nature helped people score better on tests.(另一项研究发现，接触大自然有助于人们在考试中取得更好的成绩。)”中的another可知，该空格应该是关于在户外好处的相关研究，A选项“One study revealed that people were better at figuring out puzzles after a four-day camping trip.(一项研究表明，人们在为期四天的露营旅行后更善于找出谜题。)”讲述的为一项关于户外好处的研究，符合语境。故选A项。 4．根据空格处于尾句可知，该空应为本段的总结，根据空前“Some scientists theorize that spending time in nature enables our brains to rest and recover from mental tiredness. (一些科学家认为，花时间在大自然中可以让我们的大脑休息并从精神疲劳中恢复过来。)”可知，户外会让大脑得到休息，从精神疲劳中恢复过来，F选项“This means that whether you’re studying or playing video games, heading outside to give your brain a break might help you get to the next level. (这意味着无论你是在学习还是玩电子游戏，到外面去让你的大脑休息一下可能会帮助你达到一个新的水平。)”中的this means是对空前内容的解释，结合句意可知，F选项内容与空前内容吻合。故选F项。 5．根据空后“From recreation and exercise to happiness and creativity, there are lots of upsides to getting outside. (从娱乐和锻炼到快乐和创造力，户外活动有很多好处。)”的recreation(娱乐)相关的户外活动为全文首次出现可以推断，此空处应提到相关内容，D选项“Lots of people enjoy fun activities outside, like swimming, riding bikes, or climbing trees. (很多人在外面享受有趣的活动，如游泳、骑自行车或爬树。)”中的fun activities以及其后的举例内容与空后内容一致。故选D项。 基础篇 Passage 1 难度⭐⭐ The holidays can be a difficult time to stay on track with your fitness goals. 1 . Even the most disciplined people can find it difficult to stick to their fitness routines during the holiday season. Here are some expert-recommended tips that can help you stay on track. 2 . Planning is the best way to make sure you don’t lose track of your goals. Plan your workouts for the week and mark them in your schedule to assure they are a part of your day. Exercise early. 3 . Make sure workouts are in the morning and you’ll set yourself up for a productive day. Then you can enjoy holiday activities and time with family without worrying about when you’ll have time to exercise. Keep moving. Research shows that getting up for just five minutes every 30 to 60 minutes and performing light activities reduces the risk of heart disease risk factors. Small efforts to get moving can help your overall health during the holidays. In addition to staying active, try to avoid sitting for long periods of time, such as when watching football games or eating. 4 . Think out of the box. The holidays are busy, but do your best to avoid the “all or nothing” mentality when it comes to physical activity. 5 — like taking a family walk around the neighborhood before opening Christmas presents. A．Plan ahead B．Plan out your route before you go C．Exercising in the morning is one of the biggest tips D．Remember: too much sitting is harmful to your health E．Your schedule will be filled with family gatherings and celebrations F．Get creative with exercise and make physical activity a family affair G．Rather than skipping the gym altogether, make time for a quick workout Passage 2 难度⭐⭐ Spring marathons are approaching, and we’re here to help you prepare for the starting line. 1 . What training plan should I use? 2 . Some people respond well to logging high mileage six days a week, while others prefer lower-intensity plans that allow for more cross-training and fewer running days. The best marathon training plan is the one that suits your needs and preferences. 3 ? The duration of your marathon training plan depends on your experience level, current fitness, and the expert or authority you’re following. Typically, marathon training lasts 12 to 20 weeks, with most plans falling within the 16-to 20-week range. What if I miss training time? It’s important to stick to your training plan in order to run your best race. However, no one’s training is perfect. Don’t worry if you miss some runs due to life events or unexpected circumstances. 4 . What if my training feels too difficult? Marathon training is no easy task. At times, this can feel overbearing and difficult. You should be uncomfortable to some degree, which is normal when growing in anything. 5 . If it does, consider adjusting your plan or seeking advice from experienced runners or coaches. Finally, don’t forget about fueling during training and racing, as well as what to wear on race day. With the right training plan, preparation, and attention to these details, you’ll be well-equipped to run your best race yet — whether it’s your first or 50th! A．Training plans vary for each runner B．How long should I train for a marathon C．How do I determine my marathon goals D．But your training shouldn’t feel impossible E．It’s better to skip a few days to allow your body to rest F．Take a deep breath and get back on track as soon as possible G．This guide addresses common questions about marathon training Passage 3 Overcoming barriers to exercising 难度⭐⭐ If you’re having trouble beginning an exercise plan or following through, you’re not alone. Detailed exercise instructions and workout plans are just a click awav. But knowing how and why to exercise was far from enough. Making exercise a habit takes more. 1 While practical concerns like a busy schedule or poor health can make exercise more challenging, for most of us, the biggest barriers are mental. Maybe it’s a lack of self-confidence that keeps you from taking positive steps. 2 . We’ve all been there at some point. There are steps you can take to make exercise-more fun and active. You don’t have to spend hours in a gym or force yourself into dull or painful activities to experience the physical and mental benefits of exercise. 3 In fact, adding just modest amounts of physical activity to your weekly routine can have a profound effect on your mental and emotional health. Research shows that self-sympathy increases the likelihood that you’ll succeed in any attempt. So, don’t blame yourself too much for your current fitness level. 4 Instead, look at your past mistakes as opportunities to learn and grow. 5 Try not to be discouraged by what you can’t accomplish or how far you have to go to reach your fitness goals. Instead, focus on consistency. While the improvements in mood and energy levels may happen quickly, the physical payoff will come in time. A．Maybe your passion dies down. B．A little exercise is better than nothing. C．Expecting too much only leads to frustration. D．You know there are great reasons to exercise. E．All that will do is cause you to lose motivation. F．You need the right mindset and a smart approach. G．Many of us are struggling to get into the motionless state. Passage 4 难度⭐⭐ The hot summer sun has many of us heading outdoors to do summer sports. For some, the warm weather makes us feel like kicking a ball around. 1 Whatever your reasons for doing more sport this summer, make sure you’re doing it safely to prevent injuries. Know your limits Before following a recipe, you need to check you have all the equipment and ingredients 2 Before getting started, people with health issues should consult a doctor to ensure their fitness for physical activity. Once you do start exercising, it's important to continue to pay attention to your body and its limits. Ease into it If you’re unfit, you may wish to consider starting with low intensity exercises such as cycling or swimming to get your body used to moving. You should ease yourself into it. If you normally play soccer twice a week and suddenly you increase to five times per week, you are exhausting your muscles and joints. 3 Do strengthening and conditioning exercises The most important thing for preventing injuries is actually strengthening and doing conditioning exercises. Running marathons is not about just running. You need to have strong muscles to support your joints. 4 You’ll need to strengthen your legs and core muscles to allow you to go the distance. 5 You can stand on one leg and throw and catch a ball against the wall at home. Standing on one leg will improve your balance and multitasking will improve your coordination (协调性). A．So, don’t just go out and run. B．Picking up a new sport is no different. C．Check your muscles and joints regularly. D．For others, it’s a good choice to go for a hike. E．This can increase your chances of getting injured. F．This will keep your muscles from getting too tight. G．Balance and coordination are also very important. Passage 5 难度⭐⭐ Developing and maintaining proper movement patterns and training are necessary to prevent injuries and improve functional mobility. Here are four key strategies to make the right moves. Master primary movement patterns Consider the movements required to function during daily life. When you reach for something, you move your arm or arms around. As such, the generally accepted primary functional movements are pushing, pulling and turning. 1 . Train for better balance Adding balance training to your workouts will improve stability (稳定性). 2 . It helps you to better adapt to sudden changes in direction to reduce the risk of falls and injury. Because good balance is an important part of moving well, you should try some form of balance exercises in your workouts. Include strength training in your workouts 3 . It also increases bone density (密度), joint stability, and overall durability (持久性). The strength training targets different muscle groups through all the primary movement patterns using good form to ensure safe and effective strength development. Strong muscles support the joints in functional movement to reduce the risk of injury. 4 Another key to moving better and avoiding injury is to move with intention. While exercising, focus on your breath and what you’re feeling to stay connected to your body’s experience. This mind-body connection increases the quality of movement and reduces the risk of injury. Remember, injury prevention begins with understanding proper movement mechanics and regularly practicing functional movement patterns. 5 . A．Keep your body very still B．Develop your mind-body connection C．The benefit of this type of training is noticeable D．Regular strength training builds more than muscle E．It requires slow physical exercise to relax your mind F．By mastering these patterns, you make good preparations for safe movement G．Putting the four keys into your fitness can markedly reduce the risk of avoidable injuries 拔高篇 Passage 1 难度⭐⭐⭐ Are there life lessons in swimming? Swimming is so much more than just about the stroke or a good kick. 1 What might it say then? •Be patient with the things you want to learn. Swimming is very technical and requires lots of practice of drills and skills. This requires patience and no matter how talented you are, you won’t master swimming within a week. Regardless of your swimming proficiency (熟练), you will always have something to learn. This makes swimming amazing yet disappointing. There is always the next step, just like in life. 2 •You learn how to deal with failure and setbacks. It’s not always going to be fair. And things won’t always go our way. There will be times when no matter how hard we work, the results don’t match our effort in practice. These moments hurt, and they make you realise you are not as good as you think you are. 3 To overcome. And to be humble. • 4 Ever wonder why so many swimmers seem to have superhuman speed when it comes to relay legs? I’ve seen it so many times, from my own swimming, dropping nearly a second on my best time in the 50 m freestyle, to Jason Lezak and his otherworldly 46.0 at the Beijing Olympics—there is something that happens when you race for something besides just yourself. •Losing is as important as winning. Winning is great while losing is terrible. We can agree to that. 5 You will lose many times during your swimming career, but being able to lean across the lane line and shake the winner’s hand means that you conquered (战胜) yourself. Similarly, being a champion is more than just being the first swimmer to the wall—it’s being humble in victory, and setting an example for those to come. Swimming is not only a sport; it is a lifestyle. The lessons that you learn from swimming will follow you through life. A．Being a team makes everyone better. B．You do not always get what you want. C．It can also speak meaningfully into our lives. D．But they also teach you how to be mentally tough. E．It teaches you to be mindful of the process and not to rush things. F．But I believe that how we do both matters more than the outcome. G．You need to adopt the daily routines and habits that will get you there. Passage 2 Five Ways to Stay Fit Over the Holidays 难度⭐⭐⭐ The holiday season is here. Here are my 5 tips for you to stay fit over the holidays: Keep It Fun Keep your workouts fun and exciting! 1 , but don’t try and start an 8-week program right before the holidays, which may make you feel overwhelmed. 2 What days do the holidays you celebrate fall on this year? Will you be home or away? Will you have company, and on what days and times? Once you answer all these questions, you can figure out how much time you can commit to each week and how long of a workout you have time for. Schedule It The best way to stick to a plan is to schedule the days and exact times, and set a reminder. 3 , so you can always see it. Or you can take time each morning to write in a journal and cross things off as you go along! Be Flexible 4 . You may have to move your workouts around! Be flexible with changing days or times, and just know this may happen. Find a balance between being accountable and going easy on yourself when things don’t go according to plan. Move Throughout the Day Exercise should never be limited to that 30 minutes each day. It benefits you a lot to set a daily step goal on your smartwatch, phone, or pedometer and try and move every hour. Take the stairs when possible. Walk instead of driving. 5 . A．Find time available B．Things may come up unexpectedly C．Focus on some programs full of challenge D．Do the thing you love or try something new E．It helps to list what you have done on a whiteboard F．In this way, you can save more time to do what you’re fond of G．You can even take your coffee in a to-go cup for a walk out in nature Passage 3 How to make exercise a habit that sticks 难度⭐⭐⭐ There’s a reason why so many New Year’s resolutions to get in shape crash and burn before February rolls around. And it’s not that you simply don’t have what it takes. 1 Follow these steps to make exercise one of them. Remove obstacles. 2 Do you tend to run out of time in the morning? Get your workout clothes out the night before so you’re ready to go as soon as you get up. Do you skip your evening workout if you go home first? Keep a gym bag in the car, so you can head out straight from work. Start small and build motivation. A goal of exercising for 30 minutes a day, 5 times a week may sound good. But how likely are you to follow through? The more ambitious your goal is, the more likely you are to fail, feel bad about it and give up. 3 4 People who exercise regularly tend to do so because of the rewards it brings to their lives, such as more energy, better sleep, and a greater sense of well-being. When you’re starting an exercise program, it’s important to give yourself immediate rewards when you successfully complete a workout or reach a new fitness goal. Choose activities that make you feel happy and confident. 5 Don’t choose activities like running or lifting weights at the gym just because you think that’s what you should do. Instead, pick activities that fit your lifestyle, abilities, and taste. A．Reward yourself. B．Set yourself up for success. C．However, these tend to be long-term rewards. D．Plan ahead for anything that might get in the way of exercising. E．Science shows us that there’s a right way to build habits that last. F．So, it’s better to start with easy exercise goals you know you can achieve G．If your workout is unpleasant or makes you feel clumsy, you’re unlikely to stick with it. Passage 4 How to Make Exercise a Habit 难度⭐⭐⭐ The new year is a time when it seems like everyone makes goals to work out and get fit. But by the third week of January, that all seems to go out the window. I’ve seen this happen almost every year: my workout classes are packed with fresh faces. 1 So I will share some tips on how to make exercise a habit, helping you stay healthier in the long run. Focus on the routine and not the results These days it feels like everyone is looking for a quick fix or fast results, particularly when it comes to health and fitness. 2 Focus on creating and enjoying the habit. Try scheduling your works alongside one of the other routines you already have in place. 3 Everyone seems to want to set big goals of working out 4 times a week with 60-minute sessions. But realistically, if you’re not used to this, it will just be overwhelming and lead you to quit. Given this, doing workouts even as small as5-10 minutes is a good place to start. Forget the “all or nothing” view When it comes to exercise, the all or nothing approach does not serve you. Say you plan a workout for today, but say things get crazy at work and you miss your scheduled time. Well that doesn’t mean you’ve failed. 4 Even if you miss your workout, that doesn’t mean you’ve given up. Just remember your results are from your every effort, not matter how small. Find joy in your workouts 5 Don’t let yourself be boxed into a certain type of workout just because it’s trendy or everyone is doing them. A workout that suits you will promote your drive and enjoyment. A．Life happens sometimes. B．Start with mini workouts C．Build yourself workout time-zone D．But in reality, it takes time for results to show. E．Explore until you find a workout that feels like fun. F．There is something magical that makes your plan work. G．But after just a few weeks, they return to the regular number of people. Passage 5 Reasons why you should learn how to surf 难度⭐⭐⭐⭐ It gives you an exciting experience. The feeling of riding the waves is one you can never describe until you have experienced it. While surfing, you’ll be in a peaceful state as you wait for the next big wave. It can be difficult to explain why, but the whole experience is indeed calm and exciting at the same time. 1 , as if you’re running away from all your worries in life. It’s good exercise. Surfing is a physically challenging sport that requires you to use your entire body, making it almost an extreme fitness activity. Every surfing session will certainly make you exercise your whole body. So, expect to have aching muscles after your first surfing session. 2 It helps build your confidence. There is no denying the fact that healthy and fit people are confident with their bodies. 3 Nevertheless, surfing promotes confidence that isn’t necessarily rooted in how you look or boost your ego (自我). It takes time to learn and even master. 4 Learning a new skill with a group leads to a sense of accomplishment, and learning how to surf is no different. Although it’s natural to go surfing alone at times, no surfer has surfed without acquaintances (熟人), friends, or club mates. It’s a given for people who surf to share experiences with others, both locally and globally. It gives you moments with nature. Like some other sports, surfing allows you to have time with nature. 5 With surfing, you’re able to observe nature from a different viewpoint. This is an ideal time to be one with nature, so grab the chance to broaden your horizons (视野) as a part of this beautiful planet we live on. A．These two qualities come hand in hand B．It allows you to grow your social circle C．Surfing also gives you a sense of freedom D．Don’t worry, though, as this feeling is entirely natural E．It has a rich and varied history and contemporary culture F．That will translate to how you handle your personal and professional life G．When people learn to surf, they become more connected with the natural environment Passage 6 难度⭐⭐⭐⭐ It’s no surprise that there’s a link between exercise and mental health. But scientists have now made it official: research has found a direct connection between movement and mood. Why does exercise hold so many benefits for our mental health? 1 . When our muscles tighten, chains of amino acids (氨基酸) called myokines (肌细胞因子) are released into the bloodstream. 2 . This communication increases adaptation to stress, reduces symptoms of anxiety and has a direct effect on depression. A recent study published in the British Journal of Sports Medicine showed that treatment for depression can be much more effective when physical activity is added to the usual care. 3 . “While exercise is not a substitute for professional mental health treatment, physical activity can complement and enhance the effects of the treatment,” says lead researcher Ben Singh, a research fellow at the University of South Australia. He says regular exercise in a group setting can boost self-esteem and decrease feelings of isolation and loneliness. Exercise helps build key connections between the networks within the brain, too. 4 . Studies have shown that physical activity stimulates creativity, sharpens judgement skills and improves mental energy. It can also help to slow age-related cognitive decline, possibly even slowing the pace of developing Alzheimer’s disease. 5 . In this way you’ll keep going back to them. Experts suggest that you aim for a minimum of 10 to 30 minutes, three to five days each week. Getting sweaty is good for your body and mind. A．It can improve overall cognitive performance B．They help your muscles and organs communicate C．The answer, studies say, lies in our brain chemistry D．Here are the suggestions that you are supposed to pay attention to E．It is amazing to consider how moving our bodies can affect our minds F．To get the biggest health boost, the key is to be engaged in sports you enjoy G．Participants found benefits after 12 weeks of exercising for 30 to 60 minutes a day $$ Unit 3 七选五练习 目录 精练篇 1 Passage 1 1 基础篇 5 Passage 1 5 Passage 2 7 Passage 3 9 Passage 4 11 Passage 5 13 拔高篇 16 Passage 1 16 Passage 2 18 Passage 3 20 Passage 4 22 Passage 5 24 Passage 6 27 精练篇 Passage 1 难度⭐⭐⭐⭐ The Upside to Being Outside Research shows that being in nature makes people feel good, whether they’re roughing it in the wilderness for days or just hanging out at a local park for a while. One study was conducted in the city of Birmingham, Alabama. Researchers found that most participants’ mood and well-being improved significantly when they spent time in urban parks, even though the average visit was only around half an hour. 1 For example, scientists in the United Kingdom studied the impact of the “30 Days Wild” campaign. It challenged people to interact with nature for 30 days by enjoying earthy activities like feeding birds and planting flowers. Participants were measurably happier and healthier throughout the challenge…and for months afterwards, too. 2 How does nature boost people’s happiness? Scientists say that spending time in natural settings reduces stress and anxiety, which benefits mental and physical health. Research shows our brains are more relaxed in natural settings. To most people, it’s not news that nature can be calming. But multiple studies have found that spending time in nature also has some more surprising benefits, like improving creativity and problem-solving. 3 Another found that exposure to nature helped people score better on tests. That’s more proof that going outside is a smart move! What accounts for the connection with cognition and creativity? It could be that a good dose of nature acts as a cure to information overload. Everyday life involves a lot of multitasking. Some scientists theorize that spending time in nature enables our brains to rest and recover from mental tiredness. 4 Naturally, scientific studies don’t cover everything that’s great about the great outdoors. 5 From recreation and exercise to happiness and creativity, there are lots of upsides to getting outside. A．One study revealed that people were better at figuring out puzzles after a four-day camping trip. B．According to many scientific studies, there’s a good chance it’ll make you happier, healthier, and more creative. C．What’s more, the lift people get from nature is long lasting. D．Lots of people enjoy fun activities outside, like swimming, riding bikes, or climbing trees. E．When the only light you’ve seen all day is the glow of a screen, it might be a good idea to switch it off. F．This means that whether you’re studying or playing video games, heading outside to give your brain a break might help you get to the next level. G．So, kicking back in a park is a bit like treating your mind to a restful mini vacation. 词汇积累 in nature意思是“本质上；实际上；就其本性而言”。例如：“The problem is more complex in nature than we thought.”（这个问题本质上比我们想象的更复杂。） hang out有“闲逛；逗留；常去某处”的意思。比如：“We often hang out at the mall on weekends.”（我们周末经常在商场闲逛。） interact with表示“与......相互作用；与......互动”。例如：“Children need to interact with their peers to develop social skills.”（孩子们需要和同龄人互动以发展社交技能。） measurably副词，意为“可测量地；显著地；明显地”。例如：“The new policy has measurably improved the situation.”（新政策显著地改善了情况。） reduce stress意思是“减轻压力；缓解压力”。例如：“Exercise can help reduce stress.”（锻炼有助于减轻压力。） exposure to指“暴露于；接触；面临”。例如：“Long-term exposure to noise can cause hearing loss.”（长期暴露在噪音中会导致听力损失。） account for有“解释；说明；占（比例）”等意思。比如：“His illness accounts for his absence.”（他因病缺席。） a good dose of“一剂（大量）......；很多......”。例如：“A good dose of humor can lighten the mood.”（大量的幽默可以让心情变好。） multitasking名词，“多任务处理；同时进行多项任务”。例如：“Multitasking can reduce efficiency.”（多任务处理会降低效率。） recover from“从......中恢复；痊愈”。例如：“It took him a long time to recover from the illness.”（他花了很长时间才从疾病中恢复过来。） figure out“弄明白；想出；理解”。例如：“I can't figure out how to solve this problem.”（我弄不明白如何解决这个问题。） switch off“关闭；切断；不再想”。比如：“Switch off the TV when you finish watching.”（看完电视后把它关掉。） kick back“放松；休息；享受”。例如：“Let's kick back and enjoy the weekend.”（咱们放松一下，享受周末吧。） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 长难句分析 【1】Research shows that being in nature makes people feel good, whether they’re roughing it in the wilderness for days or just hanging out at a local park for a while. 译文 研究表明，身处大自然会让人感觉良好，无论他们是在野外艰苦生活数日，还是只是在当地公园闲逛一会儿。 分析 “that being in nature makes people feel good”：宾语从句，其中“being in nature”是动名词短语作主语，表示“身处大自然”，“feel good”是宾语补足语。“whether they’re roughing it in the wilderness for days or just hanging out at a local park for a while”：让步状语从句，“whether... or...”表示“无论......还是......”，“it”指代某种在野外的活动。 【2】Researchers found that most participants’ mood and well-being improved significantly when they spent time in urban parks, even though the average visit was only around half an hour. 译文 研究者们发现，当大多数参与者在城市公园中度过时光时，他们的情绪和幸福感显著提高，尽管平均游览时间只有大约半小时。 分析 “that most participants’ mood and well-being improved significantly”是宾语从句，“when they spent time in urban parks”是时间状语从句。“even though the average visit was only around half an hour”是让步状语从句。 翻译练习 1. 要真正理解他人，我们必须积极地与他们互动，设身处地为他们着想。(interact with) To truly understand others, we must actively interact with them and walk in their shoes. 2. 接触不同的观点有助于我们开阔思维，接纳多样性。(exposure to) Exposure to different viewpoints helps us broaden our minds and embrace diversity. 3. 我们过去的经历造就了今天的我们，但它们并不能决定我们的未来。(account for) Our past experiences account for who we are today, but they don't define our future. 4. 大量的自我反思能够带来个人成长和自我提升。(a good dose of) A good dose of self-reflection can lead to personal growth and self-improvement. 5. 弄清楚生活的意义需要时间和努力，但这个过程才是有价值的。(figure out) It takes time and effort to figure out the meaning of life, but the journey is what makes it worthwhile. 6. 在经历了漫长而充满挑战的旅程之后，放松下来享受生活中的简单快乐是至关重要的。(kick back) After a long and challenging journey, it's essential to kick back and enjoy the simple pleasures of life. 答案解析 【答案】1．C 2．G 3．A 4．F 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是户外活动的好处。 1．根据空后的For example可知，空后内容是对该空的举例说明，所以该空为本段的主题句，根据空处所在段落的尾句“Participants were measurably happier and healthier throughout the challenge…and for months afterwards, too. (在整个挑战过程中，参与者都更快乐、更健康……之后的几个月也是如此。)”可知，该段讲述的是在户外活动给参与者带来的快乐会持续很久，C选项“What’s more, the lift people get from nature is long lasting. (更重要的是，人们从大自然中获得的提升是持久的。)”表述的内容与举例说明中的内容一致，符合语境。故选C项。 2．根据空前“For example, scientists in the United Kingdom studied the impact of the “30 Days Wild” campaign. It challenged people to interact with nature for 30 days by enjoying earthy activities like feeding birds and planting flowers.Participants were measurably happier and healthier throughout the challenge…and for months afterwards, too. (例如，英国科学家研究了“野外30天”运动的影响。它要求人们在30天内与大自然互动，享受像喂鸟和种花这样的朴实活动。参与者在整个挑战过程中以及之后的几个月里都明显更快乐、更健康。在整个挑战过程中，参与者都更快乐、更健康……之后的几个月也是如此。)”可知，该段讲述的是在户外活动给参与者带来快乐，G选项“So, kicking back in a park is a bit like treating your mind to a restful mini vacation. (所以，在公园里放松一下有点像给你的大脑放个小长假。)”，是对前面的总结，符合语境。故选G项。 3．根据空前“But multiple studies have found that spending time in nature also has some more surprising benefits, like improving creativity and problem-solving.(但多项研究发现，花时间在大自然中也有一些更令人惊讶的好处，比如提高创造力和解决问题的能力。)”中的multiple studies以及空后句子“Another found that exposure to nature helped people score better on tests.(另一项研究发现，接触大自然有助于人们在考试中取得更好的成绩。)”中的another可知，该空格应该是关于在户外好处的相关研究，A选项“One study revealed that people were better at figuring out puzzles after a four-day camping trip.(一项研究表明，人们在为期四天的露营旅行后更善于找出谜题。)”讲述的为一项关于户外好处的研究，符合语境。故选A项。 4．根据空格处于尾句可知，该空应为本段的总结，根据空前“Some scientists theorize that spending time in nature enables our brains to rest and recover from mental tiredness. (一些科学家认为，花时间在大自然中可以让我们的大脑休息并从精神疲劳中恢复过来。)”可知，户外会让大脑得到休息，从精神疲劳中恢复过来，F选项“This means that whether you’re studying or playing video games, heading outside to give your brain a break might help you get to the next level. (这意味着无论你是在学习还是玩电子游戏，到外面去让你的大脑休息一下可能会帮助你达到一个新的水平。)”中的this means是对空前内容的解释，结合句意可知，F选项内容与空前内容吻合。故选F项。 5．根据空后“From recreation and exercise to happiness and creativity, there are lots of upsides to getting outside. (从娱乐和锻炼到快乐和创造力，户外活动有很多好处。)”的recreation(娱乐)相关的户外活动为全文首次出现可以推断，此空处应提到相关内容，D选项“Lots of people enjoy fun activities outside, like swimming, riding bikes, or climbing trees. (很多人在外面享受有趣的活动，如游泳、骑自行车或爬树。)”中的fun activities以及其后的举例内容与空后内容一致。故选D项。 基础篇 Passage 1 难度⭐⭐ The holidays can be a difficult time to stay on track with your fitness goals. 1 . Even the most disciplined people can find it difficult to stick to their fitness routines during the holiday season. Here are some expert-recommended tips that can help you stay on track. 2 . Planning is the best way to make sure you don’t lose track of your goals. Plan your workouts for the week and mark them in your schedule to assure they are a part of your day. Exercise early. 3 . Make sure workouts are in the morning and you’ll set yourself up for a productive day. Then you can enjoy holiday activities and time with family without worrying about when you’ll have time to exercise. Keep moving. Research shows that getting up for just five minutes every 30 to 60 minutes and performing light activities reduces the risk of heart disease risk factors. Small efforts to get moving can help your overall health during the holidays. In addition to staying active, try to avoid sitting for long periods of time, such as when watching football games or eating. 4 . Think out of the box. The holidays are busy, but do your best to avoid the “all or nothing” mentality when it comes to physical activity. 5 — like taking a family walk around the neighborhood before opening Christmas presents. A．Plan ahead B．Plan out your route before you go C．Exercising in the morning is one of the biggest tips D．Remember: too much sitting is harmful to your health E．Your schedule will be filled with family gatherings and celebrations F．Get creative with exercise and make physical activity a family affair G．Rather than skipping the gym altogether, make time for a quick workout 【答案】1．E 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．F 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了就算在假期很难坚持自己健身计划时，也能帮助自己保持状态的四个方法。 1．前文提到“The holidays can be a difficult time to stay on track with your fitness goals.”（假期可能是一段很难坚持健身目标的时间。）以及后文提到“Even the most disciplined people can find it difficult to stick to their fitness routines during the holiday season. ”（即使是最自律的人也很难在假期坚持自己的健身计划。）由此判断，该段提到在假期期间坚持健身计划很难，E项“Your schedule will be filled with family gatherings and celebrations”（你的日程表将被家庭聚会和庆祝活动填满。）该项提到了假期会因为一些活动而影响自己的健身计划。该项符合文意，起到承上启下的作用。故选E。 2．该空处需选择段落小标题。该段提到“Planning is the best way to make sure you don’t lose track of your goals.”（计划是确保你不会迷失目标的最好方法。）该段提到如果做好计划的话就可以保证假期内能够正常进行健身锻炼。A项“Plan ahead”（提前计划）该项提到了提前做好计划，引出后文中提前做好计划的好处。该项符合文意，起到承上启下的作用。故选A。 3．该段小标题提到“Exercise early”（早点锻炼）以及后文提到“Make sure workouts are in the morning and you’ll set yourself up for a productive day.”（确保在早上锻炼，这样你就会为高效的一天做好准备。）由此判断，该段提到了在早上锻炼的好处，因此该段段首句应该提到早上锻炼是非常重要的。C项“Exercising in the morning is one of the biggest tips”（早上锻炼是最重要的建议之一。）该项提到了早上锻炼是这几项建议中最重要的。该项符合文意，起到承上启下的作用。故选C。 4．前文提到“In addition to staying active, try to avoid sitting for long periods of time, such as when watching football games or eating.”（除了保持活跃，尽量避免长时间坐着，比如在看足球比赛或吃饭的时候。）该段提到了如果要保持健身计划的话就要避免长期坐着。D项提到“Remember: too much sitting is harmful to your health”（记住：久坐对你的健康有害。）该项提到了长时间坐着对于健康的伤害。该项符合文意，起到总结上文的作用。故选D。 5．前文提到“The holidays are busy, but do your best to avoid the “all or nothing” mentality when it comes to physical activity.”（假期是忙碌的，但当涉及到体育锻炼时，你要尽你最大的努力避免“要么全部要么没有”的心态。），以及后文提到“—like taking a family walk around the neighborhood before opening Christmas presents.”（比如在打开圣诞礼物前全家在附近散步。）该段提到可以抓住一切机会来进行运动，F项“Get creative with exercise and make physical activity a family affair”（创造性地锻炼身体，让体育活动成为一项家庭活动）该项提到哪怕只是家庭一起进行的活动也能成为锻炼身体的好机会，同时该项也满足该段小标题“Think out of the box”（跳出思维定式）的段落大意。该项符合文意，起到承上启下的作用。故选F。 Passage 2 难度⭐⭐ Spring marathons are approaching, and we’re here to help you prepare for the starting line. 1 . What training plan should I use? 2 . Some people respond well to logging high mileage six days a week, while others prefer lower-intensity plans that allow for more cross-training and fewer running days. The best marathon training plan is the one that suits your needs and preferences. 3 ? The duration of your marathon training plan depends on your experience level, current fitness, and the expert or authority you’re following. Typically, marathon training lasts 12 to 20 weeks, with most plans falling within the 16-to 20-week range. What if I miss training time? It’s important to stick to your training plan in order to run your best race. However, no one’s training is perfect. Don’t worry if you miss some runs due to life events or unexpected circumstances. 4 . What if my training feels too difficult? Marathon training is no easy task. At times, this can feel overbearing and difficult. You should be uncomfortable to some degree, which is normal when growing in anything. 5 . If it does, consider adjusting your plan or seeking advice from experienced runners or coaches. Finally, don’t forget about fueling during training and racing, as well as what to wear on race day. With the right training plan, preparation, and attention to these details, you’ll be well-equipped to run your best race yet — whether it’s your first or 50th! A．Training plans vary for each runner B．How long should I train for a marathon C．How do I determine my marathon goals D．But your training shouldn’t feel impossible E．It’s better to skip a few days to allow your body to rest F．Take a deep breath and get back on track as soon as possible G．This guide addresses common questions about marathon training 【答案】1．G 2．A 3．B 4．F 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了关于马拉松训练的常见问题和建议。 1．上文“Spring marathons are approaching, and we’re here to help you prepare for the starting line.(春季马拉松即将来临，我们将帮助您准备迎接起跑线)”表明作者要帮助读者准备春季马拉松，下文“What training plan should I use?(应该使用什么训练计划？) ”说明读者在准备马拉松比赛中的一个常见问题，G选项“本指南解答了关于马拉松训练的常见问题”承接上文，引出下文，符合语境。故选G。 2．上文“What training plan should I use?(应该使用什么训练计划？)”表明本段要回答的问题，下文“Some people respond well to logging high mileage six days a week, while others prefer lower-intensity plans that allow for more cross-training and fewer running days.(有些人喜欢每周六天高里程的跑步，而另一些人更喜欢强度较低的计划，从而进行更多交叉训练并减少跑步天数)”,选项A“每位跑步者的训练计划各不相同”回答上文问题，引出下文，符合语境。故选A。 3．下文“The duration of your marathon training plan depends on your experience level, current fitness, and the expert or authority you’re following.(你的马拉松训练计划的持续时间取决于你的经验水平、当前的健康状况以及你正在遵循的专家或权威)”表明马拉松训练计划的持续时间取决于个人的经验水平、当前的健康状况以及正在遵循的专家或权威，是对选项B“马拉松训练应该持续多久？”这一问题的回答，故选B。 4．根据上文“Don’t worry if you miss some runs due to life events or unexpected circumstances.(如果因生活事件或意外情况错过了一些训练，不要担心)”可知，如果因生活事件或意外情况错过了一些训练，不要担心，选项F“深呼吸，尽快恢复正常训练”承接上文，和上文一起回答“What if I miss training time?( 如果错过了训练时间怎么办？)”这一问题。故选F。 5．上文“You should be uncomfortable to some degree, which is normal when growing in anything.(在任何成长过程中，都会有一定程度的不适，这是正常的)”表明在任何成长过程中，都会有一定程度的不适，这是正常的，下文“If it does, consider adjusting your plan or seeking advice from experienced runners or coaches.(如果真的感觉训练不能完成，考虑调整你的计划或寻求经验丰富的跑步者或教练的建议)”说明真的感觉训练不能完成，考虑调整计划或寻求经验丰富的跑步者或教练的建议，选项D“But your training shouldn’t feel impossible(但你的训练不应该感觉不可能完成)”与上文是转折关系，引出下文的解决办法，和上下文一起回答“What if my training feels too difficult?(如果训练感到困难怎么办？)”。故选D。 Passage 3 Overcoming barriers to exercising 难度⭐⭐ If you’re having trouble beginning an exercise plan or following through, you’re not alone. Detailed exercise instructions and workout plans are just a click awav. But knowing how and why to exercise was far from enough. Making exercise a habit takes more. 1 While practical concerns like a busy schedule or poor health can make exercise more challenging, for most of us, the biggest barriers are mental. Maybe it’s a lack of self-confidence that keeps you from taking positive steps. 2 . We’ve all been there at some point. There are steps you can take to make exercise-more fun and active. You don’t have to spend hours in a gym or force yourself into dull or painful activities to experience the physical and mental benefits of exercise. 3 In fact, adding just modest amounts of physical activity to your weekly routine can have a profound effect on your mental and emotional health. Research shows that self-sympathy increases the likelihood that you’ll succeed in any attempt. So, don’t blame yourself too much for your current fitness level. 4 Instead, look at your past mistakes as opportunities to learn and grow. 5 Try not to be discouraged by what you can’t accomplish or how far you have to go to reach your fitness goals. Instead, focus on consistency. While the improvements in mood and energy levels may happen quickly, the physical payoff will come in time. A．Maybe your passion dies down. B．A little exercise is better than nothing. C．Expecting too much only leads to frustration. D．You know there are great reasons to exercise. E．All that will do is cause you to lose motivation. F．You need the right mindset and a smart approach. G．Many of us are struggling to get into the motionless state. 【答案】1．F 2．A 3．B 4．E 5．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了如何克服锻炼的障碍。 1．根据上文“But knowing how and why to exercise was far from enough. Making exercise a habit takes more.(但是，知道如何以及为什么锻炼是远远不够的。让锻炼成为一种习惯需要更多。)”可知，上文提到知道如何和为什么要锻炼是远远不够的，要使锻炼成为一种习惯需要更多。这里需要表达的是除了知道如何和为什么要锻炼外，还需要正确的心态和聪明的方法。F项：You need the right mindset and a smart approach.(你需要正确的心态和聪明的方法。)符合语境。故选F。 2．根据上文“Maybe it’s a lack of self-confidence that keeps you from taking positive steps.(也许是缺乏自信让你无法采取积极的措施。)”可知，上文提到可能是缺乏自信阻止了你迈出积极的步伐，这里需要表达的是另一种可能的原因，即激情的消退。A项：Maybe your passion dies down.(也许你的激情消退了。)与上文构成并列关系，符合语境。故选A。 3．根据上文“You don’t have to spend hours in a gym or force yourself into dull or painful activities to experience the physical and mental benefits of exercise.(你不必花几个小时在健身房或强迫自己进行枯燥或痛苦的活动来体验锻炼对身心的好处。)”可知，上文提到不必花费数小时在健身房或强迫自己进行无聊或痛苦的活动来体验锻炼带来的身心益处，这暗示了即使是少量的锻炼也比没有锻炼要好。B项：A little exercise is better than nothing.(一点锻炼总比没有强。)正好符合这一观点，进一步强调了即使是少量的锻炼也能带来益处，符合语境。故选B。 4．根据上文“So, don’t blame yourself too much for your current fitness level.( 所以，不要为你目前的健康水平过多地责备自己。)”和下文“Instead, look at your past mistakes as opportunities to learn and grow.(相反，把你过去的错误看作是学习和成长的机会。)”可知，上文提到“不要过多责怪自己目前的身体状况”，下文又提到“相反，把过去的错误看作学习和成长的机会”，这暗示着责怪自己会导致负面后果。E项：All that will do is cause you to lose motivation.(那只会让你失去动力。)正好符合这一逻辑，即责怪自己会削弱动力，与后文形成对比，符合语境。故选E。 5．根据下文“Try not to be discouraged by what you can’t accomplish or how far you have to go to reach your fitness goals.(不要因为你不能完成的事情或者你要走多远才能达到你的健身目标而气馁。)”可知，下文提到“不要被不能完成的事情或达到健身目标还有多远所困扰”，这暗示了过高的期望可能会导致挫败感。C项：Expecting too much only leads to frustration.(期望过高只会带来挫败感。)符合语境。故选C。 Passage 4 难度⭐⭐ The hot summer sun has many of us heading outdoors to do summer sports. For some, the warm weather makes us feel like kicking a ball around. 1 Whatever your reasons for doing more sport this summer, make sure you’re doing it safely to prevent injuries. Know your limits Before following a recipe, you need to check you have all the equipment and ingredients 2 Before getting started, people with health issues should consult a doctor to ensure their fitness for physical activity. Once you do start exercising, it's important to continue to pay attention to your body and its limits. Ease into it If you’re unfit, you may wish to consider starting with low intensity exercises such as cycling or swimming to get your body used to moving. You should ease yourself into it. If you normally play soccer twice a week and suddenly you increase to five times per week, you are exhausting your muscles and joints. 3 Do strengthening and conditioning exercises The most important thing for preventing injuries is actually strengthening and doing conditioning exercises. Running marathons is not about just running. You need to have strong muscles to support your joints. 4 You’ll need to strengthen your legs and core muscles to allow you to go the distance. 5 You can stand on one leg and throw and catch a ball against the wall at home. Standing on one leg will improve your balance and multitasking will improve your coordination (协调性). A．So, don’t just go out and run. B．Picking up a new sport is no different. C．Check your muscles and joints regularly. D．For others, it’s a good choice to go for a hike. E．This can increase your chances of getting injured. F．This will keep your muscles from getting too tight. G．Balance and coordination are also very important. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．E 4．A 5．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了在运动时防止受伤的一些建议。 1．上文“For some, the warm weather makes us feel like kicking a ball around.(对一些人来说，温暖的天气让我们想要踢球)”提到，一些人在夏天想踢球，结合空后“Whatever your reasons for doing more sport this summer(无论你在这个夏天做更多运动的原因是什么)”可知，空处应是提及其他人夏天想做的运动，D项“对其他人来说，徒步旅行是一个不错的选择”符合语境，和上文构成“some…others…(一些人……其他人……)”的固定句式，故选D。 2．根据空后“Before getting started, people with health issues should consult a doctor to ensure their fitness for physical activity.(在开始之前，有健康问题的人应该咨询医生，以确保他们适合体育活动)”可知，在运动之前要做健康检查，C项“定期检查你的肌肉和关节”符合语境，故选C。 3．上文“If you normally play soccer twice a week and suddenly you increase to five times per week, you are exhausting your muscles and joints.(如果你通常一周踢两次足球，突然增加到每周五次，你的肌肉和关节就会疲惫不堪)”提到，突然增加运动次数会使肌肉和关节就会疲惫不堪，E项“这会增加你受伤的几率”承接上文，进一步说明危害，故选E。 4．根据上文“Running marathons is not about just running. You need to have strong muscles to support your joints.(跑马拉松不仅仅是跑步。你需要强壮的肌肉来支撑你的关节)”和下文“You’ll need to strengthen your legs and core muscles to allow you to go the distance.(你需要加强你的腿部和核心肌肉，让你完成更长的距离)”可知，跑马拉松不仅仅是跑步，还需要强壮的肌肉，A项“所以，不要只是出去跑步”符合上下文文意，故选A。 5．根据下文“You can stand on one leg and throw and catch a ball against the wall at home. Standing on one leg will improve your balance and multitasking will improve your coordination (协调性).(在家里，你可以单腿站立，靠墙投球和接球。单腿站立可以提高你的平衡能力，同时处理多项任务可以提高你的协调性)”可知，本段是关于平衡和协调性，G项“平衡和协调性也很重要”符合语境，故选G。 Passage 5 难度⭐⭐ Developing and maintaining proper movement patterns and training are necessary to prevent injuries and improve functional mobility. Here are four key strategies to make the right moves. Master primary movement patterns Consider the movements required to function during daily life. When you reach for something, you move your arm or arms around. As such, the generally accepted primary functional movements are pushing, pulling and turning. 1 . Train for better balance Adding balance training to your workouts will improve stability (稳定性). 2 . It helps you to better adapt to sudden changes in direction to reduce the risk of falls and injury. Because good balance is an important part of moving well, you should try some form of balance exercises in your workouts. Include strength training in your workouts 3 . It also increases bone density (密度), joint stability, and overall durability (持久性). The strength training targets different muscle groups through all the primary movement patterns using good form to ensure safe and effective strength development. Strong muscles support the joints in functional movement to reduce the risk of injury. 4 Another key to moving better and avoiding injury is to move with intention. While exercising, focus on your breath and what you’re feeling to stay connected to your body’s experience. This mind-body connection increases the quality of movement and reduces the risk of injury. Remember, injury prevention begins with understanding proper movement mechanics and regularly practicing functional movement patterns. 5 . A．Keep your body very still B．Develop your mind-body connection C．The benefit of this type of training is noticeable D．Regular strength training builds more than muscle E．It requires slow physical exercise to relax your mind F．By mastering these patterns, you make good preparations for safe movement G．Putting the four keys into your fitness can markedly reduce the risk of avoidable injuries 【答案】1．F 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了几个避免健身受伤的小妙招。 1．本段小标题是“Master primary movement patterns(掌握主要运动模式)”，空前“When you reach for something, you move your arm or arms around. As such, the generally accepted primary functional movements are pushing, pulling and turning.(当你伸手去拿某样东西时，你会移动你的手臂或双臂。因此，一般公认的主要功能性动作是推、拉和转。)”说明了一些公认的主要功能性动作，也就是一些主要的运动模式，空格处应该说掌握这些运动模式会有什么好处，F选项“By mastering these patterns, you make good preparations for safe movement(通过掌握这些模式，您可以为安全运动做好准备)”说明了掌握这些模式的好处，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选F。 2．空前“Adding balance training to your workouts will improve stability (稳定性).(在你的锻炼中加入平衡训练可以提高稳定性。)”说明了在锻炼中加入平衡训练可以提高稳定性，空后“It helps you to better adapt to sudden changes in direction to reduce the risk of falls and injury.(它可以帮助你更好地适应方向的突然变化，以减少跌倒和受伤的风险。)”说明了平衡训练的好处，由此可见，空格处要引出平衡训练是很有好处的，C选项“The benefit of this type of training is noticeable(这种训练的好处是显而易见的)”引出了下文的这种训练的好处，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选C。 3．本段小标题是“Include strength training in your workouts(在锻炼中加入力量训练)”，因此本段主要讲的是力量训练，空后“It also increases bone density (密度), joint stability, and overall durability (持久性).(它还能增加骨密度、关节稳定性和整体耐久性。)”说明了力量训练的另一个好处，空格处就应该说力量训练的一个好处，D选项“Regular strength training builds more than muscle(定期的力量训练不仅仅是锻炼肌肉)”说明的是力量训练可以锻炼肌肉这个好处，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选D。 4．空格处是本段小标题，由空后“Another key to moving better and avoiding injury is to move with intention. While exercising, focus on your breath and what you’re feeling to stay connected to your body’s experience. This mind-body connection increases the quality of movement and reduces the risk of injury.(更好地运动和避免受伤的另一个关键是有意识地运动。在锻炼的时候，把注意力集中在你的呼吸和你的感觉上，与你的身体体验保持联系。这种身心联系提高了运动的质量，降低了受伤的风险。)”可知，本段主要讲的在锻炼时要保持身心的联系，B选项“Develop your mind-body connection(开发你的身心联系)”说明了要使身心联系起来，因此概括了本段主要内容，可作为小标题，故选B。 5．空前“Remember, injury prevention begins with understanding proper movement mechanics and regularly practicing functional movement patterns.(记住，预防伤害始于理解正确的运动机制和定期练习功能性运动模式。)”说明要记住预防伤害始于理解正确的运动机制和定期练习功能性运动模式，空格处是本文最后一句，应该承接上文内容，提醒读者记住上文所说的四个关键策略，G选项“Putting the four keys into your fitness can markedly reduce the risk of avoidable injuries(把这四个关键放在你的健身中可以显著降低可避免的伤害的风险)”说明了在健身中加入这四个关键就可以显著降低可避免的伤害的风险，提到了四个关键，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选G。 拔高篇 Passage 1 难度⭐⭐⭐ Are there life lessons in swimming? Swimming is so much more than just about the stroke or a good kick. 1 What might it say then? •Be patient with the things you want to learn. Swimming is very technical and requires lots of practice of drills and skills. This requires patience and no matter how talented you are, you won’t master swimming within a week. Regardless of your swimming proficiency (熟练), you will always have something to learn. This makes swimming amazing yet disappointing. There is always the next step, just like in life. 2 •You learn how to deal with failure and setbacks. It’s not always going to be fair. And things won’t always go our way. There will be times when no matter how hard we work, the results don’t match our effort in practice. These moments hurt, and they make you realise you are not as good as you think you are. 3 To overcome. And to be humble. • 4 Ever wonder why so many swimmers seem to have superhuman speed when it comes to relay legs? I’ve seen it so many times, from my own swimming, dropping nearly a second on my best time in the 50 m freestyle, to Jason Lezak and his otherworldly 46.0 at the Beijing Olympics—there is something that happens when you race for something besides just yourself. •Losing is as important as winning. Winning is great while losing is terrible. We can agree to that. 5 You will lose many times during your swimming career, but being able to lean across the lane line and shake the winner’s hand means that you conquered (战胜) yourself. Similarly, being a champion is more than just being the first swimmer to the wall—it’s being humble in victory, and setting an example for those to come. Swimming is not only a sport; it is a lifestyle. The lessons that you learn from swimming will follow you through life. A．Being a team makes everyone better. B．You do not always get what you want. C．It can also speak meaningfully into our lives. D．But they also teach you how to be mentally tough. E．It teaches you to be mindful of the process and not to rush things. F．But I believe that how we do both matters more than the outcome. G．You need to adopt the daily routines and habits that will get you there. 【答案】1．C 2．E 3．D 4．A 5．F 【导语】本文说明文。文章介绍了游泳不仅仅是关于划水或良好的踢腿技巧，它还蕴含着丰富的生活教训。文章通过几个方面来阐述游泳如何影响并教导我们在生活中的态度和技能。 1．由上文“Swimming is so much more than just about the stroke or a good kick. (游泳不仅仅是划水或踢腿那么简单。)”可知，此处应表示游泳的技术和动作之外所涵盖的内容。选项C“It can also speak meaningfully into our lives. (它还可以对我们的生活产生有意义的影响。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选C。 2．由上文“This requires patience and no matter how talented you are, you won’t master swimming within a week. Regardless of your swimming proficiency (熟练), you will always have something to learn. This makes swimming amazing yet disappointing. There is always the next step, just like in life. (这需要耐心，无论你多么有天赋，你都不可能在一周内掌握游泳。不管你的游泳水平如何，你总有东西要学。这使得游泳既神奇又令人失望。就像在生活中一样，总会有下一步。)”可知，游泳需要耐心，总有东西要学，本空应继续讨论在游泳中要学会的耐心技能，E选项“It teaches you to be mindful of the process and not to rush things. (它教会你关注过程，不要急于求成。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选E。 3．由上文“You learn how to deal with failure and setbacks. It’s not always going to be fair. And things won’t always go our way. There will be times when no matter how hard we work, the results don’t match our effort in practice. These moments hurt, and they make you realise you are not as good as you think you are. (你学会了如何处理失败和挫折。这并不总是公平的。事情并不总是如我们所愿。有时候，无论我们多么努力，结果与我们在实践中的努力并不匹配。这些时刻让人心痛，它们让你意识到你并没有自己想象的那么好。要克服。要谦虚。)”可知，本空谈论游泳带来的精神层面的好处，而D选项“But they also teach you how to be mentally tough. (但它们也教会你如何在精神上变得坚韧。)”能承接上文，符合语境。故选D。 4．由下文“Ever wonder why so many swimmers seem to have superhuman speed when it comes to relay legs? I’ve seen it so many times, from my own swimming, dropping nearly a second on my best time in the 50 m freestyle, to Jason Lezak and his otherworldly 46.0 at the Beijing Olympics—there is something that happens when you race for something besides just yourself. (有没有想过为什么那么多游泳运动员在接力赛中似乎有超人的速度？从我自己在50米自由泳的最佳成绩上落后近一秒，到Jason Lezak在北京奥运会上超凡脱俗的46秒，我已经见过很多次了——当你为别的东西而比赛时，会发生一些事情，而不仅仅是你自己。)”可知，本段主要讨论了接力赛中游泳者展现出超乎寻常的速度，以及团队合作对于提升表现的重要性，A选项“Being a team makes everyone better. (作为一个团队使每个人都变得更好。)”能概括本段主旨，作为小标题最恰当。故选A。 5．由上文“Losing is as important as winning. Winning is great while losing is terrible. We can agree to that. (输和赢一样重要。赢是伟大的，输是可怕的。我们可以同意。)”和下文“You will lose many times during your swimming career, but being able to lean across the lane line and shake the winner’s hand means that you conquered (战胜) yourself. Similarly, being a champion is more than just being the first swimmer to the wall—it’s being humble in victory, and setting an example for those to come. (在你的游泳生涯中，你会输很多次，但是能够越过泳道线和胜利者握手意味着你战胜了自己。同样，成为一名冠军也不仅仅是成为第一个到达终点的游泳运动员，而是在胜利时保持谦逊，为后来者树立榜样。)”可知，上文提到胜利固然美妙，失败则令人沮丧，而下文紧接着说在游泳生涯中你会多次失败，但能从失败中站起来才是关键，说明如何对待胜负很重要。F选项“But I believe that how we do both matters more than the outcome. (但我认为我们如何应对这两者比结果更重要)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选F。 Passage 2 Five Ways to Stay Fit Over the Holidays 难度⭐⭐⭐ The holiday season is here. Here are my 5 tips for you to stay fit over the holidays: Keep It Fun Keep your workouts fun and exciting! 1 , but don’t try and start an 8-week program right before the holidays, which may make you feel overwhelmed. 2 What days do the holidays you celebrate fall on this year? Will you be home or away? Will you have company, and on what days and times? Once you answer all these questions, you can figure out how much time you can commit to each week and how long of a workout you have time for. Schedule It The best way to stick to a plan is to schedule the days and exact times, and set a reminder. 3 , so you can always see it. Or you can take time each morning to write in a journal and cross things off as you go along! Be Flexible 4 . You may have to move your workouts around! Be flexible with changing days or times, and just know this may happen. Find a balance between being accountable and going easy on yourself when things don’t go according to plan. Move Throughout the Day Exercise should never be limited to that 30 minutes each day. It benefits you a lot to set a daily step goal on your smartwatch, phone, or pedometer and try and move every hour. Take the stairs when possible. Walk instead of driving. 5 . A．Find time available B．Things may come up unexpectedly C．Focus on some programs full of challenge D．Do the thing you love or try something new E．It helps to list what you have done on a whiteboard F．In this way, you can save more time to do what you’re fond of G．You can even take your coffee in a to-go cup for a walk out in nature 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．E 4．B 5．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在假期保持健康的五种方式。 1．前文“Keep your workouts fun and exciting!(让你的锻炼充满乐趣和刺激！)”讲述了让你的锻炼充满乐趣和刺激，后文“but don’t try and start an 8-week program right before the holidays, which may make you feel overwhelmed(但不要试图在假期前开始一个为期8周的计划，这可能会让你感到不知所措)”讲述了不要在假期前开始计划，所以空处应承上启下，D项“做你喜欢的事情或尝试一些新的东西”符合题意，the thing you love和something new对应前面的fun and exciting。故选D。 2．空处是本段小标题。根据下文“What days do the holidays you celebrate fall on this year? Will you be home or away? Will you have company, and on what days and times? Once you answer all these questions, you can figure out how much time you can commit to each week and how long of a workout you have time for.(今年你庆祝的节日是哪几天？你是在家还是在出去？你会有人陪伴吗？在什么日子和时间？一旦你回答了所有这些问题，你就可以计算出你每周可以投入多少时间，以及你有多长时间进行锻炼)”可知，本段主要讲述了要弄清楚可以锻炼的时间，A项“找到可用的时间”符合题意。故选A。 3．前文“The best way to stick to a plan is to schedule the days and exact times, and set a reminder.(坚持计划的最好方法是安排好日期和确切时间，并设置提醒)”讲述了要安排好时间并设置提醒，后文“so you can always see it(所以你总是可以看到它)”指出你可以总是看到“它”，由此可知，空处应讲述如何安排并提醒，E项“在白板上列出你所做的事情”符合题意，后面的it指代选项中提到的在白板上列出的事项清单。故选E。 4．根据小标题“Be Flexible”可知，本段主要讲述了要灵活处理，结合后文“You may have to move your workouts around! Be flexible with changing days or times, and just know this may happen.(你可能需要改动你的训练！在日期或时间改变时要灵活，要知道这可能会发生)”可知，空处应讲述可能会有突发事件，B项“事情可能会出乎意料地发生”符合题意。故选B。 5．根据前文“Take the stairs when possible. Walk instead of driving.(尽可能走楼梯。走路而不是开车)”可知，空处应承接上文，讲述可以采用的锻炼方法，G项“你甚至可以把咖啡放在随身携带的杯子里，在大自然中漫步”符合题意。故选G。 Passage 3 How to make exercise a habit that sticks 难度⭐⭐⭐ There’s a reason why so many New Year’s resolutions to get in shape crash and burn before February rolls around. And it’s not that you simply don’t have what it takes. 1 Follow these steps to make exercise one of them. Remove obstacles. 2 Do you tend to run out of time in the morning? Get your workout clothes out the night before so you’re ready to go as soon as you get up. Do you skip your evening workout if you go home first? Keep a gym bag in the car, so you can head out straight from work. Start small and build motivation. A goal of exercising for 30 minutes a day, 5 times a week may sound good. But how likely are you to follow through? The more ambitious your goal is, the more likely you are to fail, feel bad about it and give up. 3 4 People who exercise regularly tend to do so because of the rewards it brings to their lives, such as more energy, better sleep, and a greater sense of well-being. When you’re starting an exercise program, it’s important to give yourself immediate rewards when you successfully complete a workout or reach a new fitness goal. Choose activities that make you feel happy and confident. 5 Don’t choose activities like running or lifting weights at the gym just because you think that’s what you should do. Instead, pick activities that fit your lifestyle, abilities, and taste. A．Reward yourself. B．Set yourself up for success. C．However, these tend to be long-term rewards. D．Plan ahead for anything that might get in the way of exercising. E．Science shows us that there’s a right way to build habits that last. F．So, it’s better to start with easy exercise goals you know you can achieve G．If your workout is unpleasant or makes you feel clumsy, you’re unlikely to stick with it. 【答案】1．E 2．D 3．F 4．A 5．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文讲述了如何将锻炼变为一个长期习惯的方法。 1．根据前文“There’s a reason why so many New Year’s resolutions to get in shape crash and burn before February rolls around. And it’s not that you simply don’t have what it takes. (为什么这么多的新年减肥计划在2月到来之前就失败了，这是有原因的。这并不是说你不具备成功的条件。)”可知，此处提出为什么很多人无法坚持新年健身计划的问题。后文应该对此问题进行解释。E选项“Science shows us that there’s a right way to build habits that last.(科学告诉我们，有一种正确的方法来建立持久的习惯。)”对文章开头的回应，解释了为什么很多人无法坚持新年健身计划，并引入了建立持久习惯的正确方法。故选E。 2．根据本段标题“Remove obstacles.(移除障碍。)”可知，本段陈述的是消除阻碍运动的障碍。D选项“Plan ahead for anything that might get in the way of exercising.(提前计划任何可能阻碍你锻炼的事情。)”与“Remove obstacles(消除障碍)”的标题相匹配，并提供了如何消除这些障碍的建议。故选D。 3．根据标题“Start small and build motivation. (从小事做起，建立动力。)”可知，本段强调的是锻炼要从小事做起。F选项“So, it’s better to start with easy exercise goals you know you can achieve(因此，最好从你知道自己能实现的简单锻炼目标开始。)”与“Start small and build motivation（从小事做起，建立动力）”的标题相对应，强调了设置小目标的重要性。故选F。 4．本空为本段段旨，同时也为小标题。根据后文的“People who exercise regularly tend to do so because of the rewards it brings to their lives, such as more energy, better sleep, and a greater sense of well-being. (经常锻炼的人倾向于这样做，因为它给他们的生活带来了回报，比如更多的精力、更好的睡眠和更大的幸福感。)”可知，本段强调的是“奖励自己”的重要性。A选项“Reward yourself.(奖励自己。)”强调了在锻炼后给自己奖励的重要性，概括下文，符合段旨。故选A。 5．根据本段段旨“Choose activities that make you feel happy and confident.(选择让你感到快乐和自信的活动。)”可知，本段解释的是选择适合自己的活动。G选项“If your workout is unpleasant or makes you feel clumsy, you’re unlikely to stick with it.(如果你的锻炼不愉快或让你感到笨拙，你就不太可能坚持下去。)”指出锻炼时要选择自己喜欢的，让自己快乐的，即强调了选择适合自己的活动的重要性与标题相呼应。故选G。 Passage 4 How to Make Exercise a Habit 难度⭐⭐⭐ The new year is a time when it seems like everyone makes goals to work out and get fit. But by the third week of January, that all seems to go out the window. I’ve seen this happen almost every year: my workout classes are packed with fresh faces. 1 So I will share some tips on how to make exercise a habit, helping you stay healthier in the long run. Focus on the routine and not the results These days it feels like everyone is looking for a quick fix or fast results, particularly when it comes to health and fitness. 2 Focus on creating and enjoying the habit. Try scheduling your works alongside one of the other routines you already have in place. 3 Everyone seems to want to set big goals of working out 4 times a week with 60-minute sessions. But realistically, if you’re not used to this, it will just be overwhelming and lead you to quit. Given this, doing workouts even as small as5-10 minutes is a good place to start. Forget the “all or nothing” view When it comes to exercise, the all or nothing approach does not serve you. Say you plan a workout for today, but say things get crazy at work and you miss your scheduled time. Well that doesn’t mean you’ve failed. 4 Even if you miss your workout, that doesn’t mean you’ve given up. Just remember your results are from your every effort, not matter how small. Find joy in your workouts 5 Don’t let yourself be boxed into a certain type of workout just because it’s trendy or everyone is doing them. A workout that suits you will promote your drive and enjoyment. A．Life happens sometimes. B．Start with mini workouts C．Build yourself workout time-zone D．But in reality, it takes time for results to show. E．Explore until you find a workout that feels like fun. F．There is something magical that makes your plan work. G．But after just a few weeks, they return to the regular number of people. 【答案】1．G 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何养成运动习惯提出建议。 1．前文“The new year is a time when it seems like everyone makes goals to work out and get fit. But by the third week of January, that all seems to go out the window. (在新的一年里，似乎每个人都制定了锻炼和健身的目标。但到了1月的第三周，这一切似乎都烟消云散了。)”提出人们很快就会忘记自己的锻炼和健身目标这一社会现象，作者在上文“I’ve seen this happen almost every year: my workout classes are packed with fresh faces. (我几乎每年都看到这种情况发生：我的健身课上挤满了新面孔……)”中用自己的亲眼目睹的情况来印证这一事实，G项“But after just a few weeks, they return to the regular number of people. (但仅仅几周后，人数就会恢复到正常水平。)”承接上文，说明新年开始确实会有很多新人参加锻炼，但他们很快又会消失，与前文语意一致。故选G项。 2．上文“These days it feels like everyone is looking for a quick fix or fast results, particularly when it comes to health and fitness. (如今，感觉每个人都在寻找快速解决或快速的结果，特别是在健康和健身方面。)”提出人们都想找到捷径，对于健康和健身也是如此，D项“But in reality, it takes time for results to show. (但在现实中，结果需要时间才能显现。)”与上文构成转折关系，指出这一想法的不切实际，因为结果需要时间，照应小标题“关注过程，而不是结果”。故选D项。 3．设空句是段首小标题。根据下文“Everyone seems to want to set big goals of working out 4 times a week with 60-minute sessions. But realistically, if you’re not used to this, it will just be overwhelming and lead you to quit. Given this, doing workouts even as small as5-10 minutes is a good place to start. (每个人似乎都想设定一个大目标，每周锻炼4次，每次60分钟。但实际上，如果你不习惯这样做，它只会让你难以承受，最终导致你放弃。考虑到这一点，即使是5-10分钟的小锻炼也是一个很好的开始。)”可知，本段建议从小锻炼开始，B项“Start with mini workouts (从小型锻炼开始)”是本段内容的最佳概括。故选B项。 4．上文“Say you plan a workout for today, but say things get crazy at work and you miss your scheduled time. Well that doesn’t mean you’ve failed. (比如说你计划今天锻炼，但是工作上的事情变得很疯狂，你错过了预定的时间。这并不意味着你失败了。)”讲我们可能因为工作而错过锻炼，但这并不意味着失败。A项“Life happens sometimes. (生活中总会发生意外。)”和下文“Even if you miss your workout, that doesn’t mean you’ve given up. (即使你错过了锻炼，也不意味着你已经放弃了。)”重复了上文文意，强调不要放弃，上下文语意一致。故选A项。 5．根据下文“Don’t let yourself be boxed into a certain type of workout just because it’s trendy or everyone is doing them. A workout that suits you will promote your drive and enjoyment. (不要仅仅因为流行或者人人都在做某一种运动，就把自己限定在这种运动中。适合你的锻炼会提升你的动力和乐趣。)”可知，选择锻炼形式不能跟风，要寻找适合自己并能带来乐趣的锻炼方式，这是对E项“Explore until you find a workout that feels like fun. (不断探索，直到找到一种你觉得有趣的锻炼方式。)”观点的诠释，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。 Passage 5 Reasons why you should learn how to surf 难度⭐⭐⭐⭐ It gives you an exciting experience. The feeling of riding the waves is one you can never describe until you have experienced it. While surfing, you’ll be in a peaceful state as you wait for the next big wave. It can be difficult to explain why, but the whole experience is indeed calm and exciting at the same time. 1 , as if you’re running away from all your worries in life. It’s good exercise. Surfing is a physically challenging sport that requires you to use your entire body, making it almost an extreme fitness activity. Every surfing session will certainly make you exercise your whole body. So, expect to have aching muscles after your first surfing session. 2 It helps build your confidence. There is no denying the fact that healthy and fit people are confident with their bodies. 3 Nevertheless, surfing promotes confidence that isn’t necessarily rooted in how you look or boost your ego (自我). It takes time to learn and even master. 4 Learning a new skill with a group leads to a sense of accomplishment, and learning how to surf is no different. Although it’s natural to go surfing alone at times, no surfer has surfed without acquaintances (熟人), friends, or club mates. It’s a given for people who surf to share experiences with others, both locally and globally. It gives you moments with nature. Like some other sports, surfing allows you to have time with nature. 5 With surfing, you’re able to observe nature from a different viewpoint. This is an ideal time to be one with nature, so grab the chance to broaden your horizons (视野) as a part of this beautiful planet we live on. A．These two qualities come hand in hand B．It allows you to grow your social circle C．Surfing also gives you a sense of freedom D．Don’t worry, though, as this feeling is entirely natural E．It has a rich and varied history and contemporary culture F．That will translate to how you handle your personal and professional life G．When people learn to surf, they become more connected with the natural environment 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了学习冲浪的几个理由。 1．上文“It can be difficult to explain why, but the whole experience is indeed calm and exciting at the same time.(这可能很难解释为什么，但整个经历确实是平静和兴奋的)”指出冲浪给人平静和兴奋的感觉；根据下文“as if you’re running away from all your worries in life.(就好像你在远离生活中的烦恼)”可知，冲浪还能给人自由的感觉，就好像远离了生活中的烦恼。C项“Surfing also gives you a sense of freedom(冲浪也给你一种自由的感觉)”符合题意，与上下文承接自然。故选C。 2．空处位于段尾，应总结上文。根据上文“Surfing is a physically challenging sport that requires you to use your entire body, making it almost an extreme fitness activity. Every surfing session will certainly make you exercise your whole body. So, expect to have aching muscles after your first surfing session.(冲浪是一项挑战身体的运动，需要你使用你的整个身体，使它几乎是一项极限健身活动。每次冲浪都能锻炼你的全身。所以，在你第一次冲浪后，你会感到肌肉酸痛)”可知，冲浪几乎是一次极限运动，需要投入整个身体，因此第一次冲浪后感到肌肉酸痛是非常正常的。D项“不过别担心，这种感觉是很自然的”符合题意，承接上文，“this feeling”指上文提到的“have aching muscles”。故选D。 3．根据上文“There is no denying the fact that healthy and fit people are confident with their bodies.(不可否认，健康的人对自己的身体很有信心)”可知，只有健康了才会对自己的身体有信心，即这两者是相辅相成的。A项“这两个特质是相辅相成的”符合题意，these two quatities指上文提到的healthy and fit people are confident with their bodies。故选A。 4．空处为本段小标题。根据下文“Learning a new skill with a group leads to a sense of accomplishment, and learning how to surf is no different. Although it’s natural to go surfing alone at times, no surfer has surfed without acquaintances (熟人), friends, or club mates. It’s a given for people who surf to share experiences with others, both locally and globally.(和一群人一起学习一项新技能会带来成就感，学习冲浪也不例外。虽然有时独自冲浪是很自然的，但没有一个冲浪者是在没有熟人、朋友或俱乐部成员的情况下冲浪的。对于冲浪爱好者来说，这是一种与他人分享经验的方式，无论是在本地还是在全球)”可知，冲浪很多时候是和其他人一起的，可以相互分享经验；由此可知，冲浪可以扩大人们的社交圈。B项“它可以扩大你的社交圈”符合题意，可总结本段，“social circle”呼应下文“share experiences with others, both locally and globally”。故选B。 5．根据小标题“It gives you moments with nature.(它让你与大自然亲密接触)”可知，空处内容与冲浪让人们和大自然接触有关。G项“当人们学习冲浪时，他们与自然环境的联系更加紧密”符合题意，“natural environment”呼应标题中“nature”。故选G。 Passage 6 难度⭐⭐⭐⭐ It’s no surprise that there’s a link between exercise and mental health. But scientists have now made it official: research has found a direct connection between movement and mood. Why does exercise hold so many benefits for our mental health? 1 . When our muscles tighten, chains of amino acids (氨基酸) called myokines (肌细胞因子) are released into the bloodstream. 2 . This communication increases adaptation to stress, reduces symptoms of anxiety and has a direct effect on depression. A recent study published in the British Journal of Sports Medicine showed that treatment for depression can be much more effective when physical activity is added to the usual care. 3 . “While exercise is not a substitute for professional mental health treatment, physical activity can complement and enhance the effects of the treatment,” says lead researcher Ben Singh, a research fellow at the University of South Australia. He says regular exercise in a group setting can boost self-esteem and decrease feelings of isolation and loneliness. Exercise helps build key connections between the networks within the brain, too. 4 . Studies have shown that physical activity stimulates creativity, sharpens judgement skills and improves mental energy. It can also help to slow age-related cognitive decline, possibly even slowing the pace of developing Alzheimer’s disease. 5 . In this way you’ll keep going back to them. Experts suggest that you aim for a minimum of 10 to 30 minutes, three to five days each week. Getting sweaty is good for your body and mind. A．It can improve overall cognitive performance B．They help your muscles and organs communicate C．The answer, studies say, lies in our brain chemistry D．Here are the suggestions that you are supposed to pay attention to E．It is amazing to consider how moving our bodies can affect our minds F．To get the biggest health boost, the key is to be engaged in sports you enjoy G．Participants found benefits after 12 weeks of exercising for 30 to 60 minutes a day 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．G 4．A 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了运动对心理健康有着积极作用，并阐述运动和情绪之间存在直接联系的原因。 1．根据上文“Why does exercise hold so many benefits for our mental health?(为什么运动对我们的心理健康有这么多好处？)”可知，本句主要回答上文的问题，结合后文“When our muscles tighten, chains of amino acids (氨基酸) called myokines (肌细胞因子) are released into the bloodstream.(当我们的肌肉收紧时，被称为肌促因子的氨基酸链被释放到血液中)”提到chains of amino acids氨基酸链的被释放，体现了正是C选项中chemistry的体现。故C选项“研究表明，答案在于我们大脑中的化学物质”符合语境，故选C。 2．根据上文“When our muscles tighten, chains of amino acids (氨基酸) called myokines (肌细胞因子) are released into the bloodstream.(当我们的肌肉收紧时，被称为肌促因子的氨基酸链被释放到血液中)”以及后文“This communication increases adaptation to stress, reduces symptoms of anxiety and has a direct effect on depression.(这种交流增加了对压力的适应，减少了焦虑的症状，并对抑郁有直接影响)”可知，本句承接上文，说明氨基酸链的具体作用，B选项中they指代空格前chains of amino acids，和空格后This communication指选项 your muscles and organs communicate。故B选项“它们帮助你的肌肉和器官交流”符合语境，故选B。 3．根据上文“A recent study published in the British Journal of Sports Medicine showed that treatment for depression can be much more effective when physical activity is added to the usual care.(最近发表在《英国运动医学杂志》上的一项研究表明，如果在日常护理中加入体育活动，抑郁症的治疗会更有效)”以及后文““While exercise is not a substitute for professional mental health treatment, physical activity can complement and enhance the effects of the treatment,” says lead researcher Ben Singh, a research fellow at the University of South Australia. He says regular exercise in a group setting can boost self-esteem and decrease feelings of isolation and loneliness.(南澳大利亚大学研究员、首席研究员本·辛格说:“虽然运动不能代替专业的心理健康治疗，但体育活动可以补充并增强治疗效果。”他说，在团体环境中定期锻炼可以增强自尊，减少孤立感和孤独感)”可知，本句主要就上文加入体育活动展开具体说明，且此处涉及研究，推测本句与研究中的参与者有关。故G选项“参与者在12周后发现每天锻炼30到60分钟是有益的”符合语境，故选G。 4．根据上文“Exercise helps build key connections between the networks within the brain, too.(锻炼也有助于建立大脑网络之间的关键连接)”以及后文“Studies have shown that physical activity stimulates creativity, sharpens judgement skills and improves mental energy. It can also help to slow age-related cognitive decline, possibly even slowing the pace of developing Alzheimer’s disease.(研究表明，体育活动可以激发创造力，提高判断能力，提高精神能量。它还可以帮助减缓与年龄相关的认知衰退，甚至可能减缓阿尔茨海默病的发展速度)”可知，本句主要是在说明体育活动对人的大脑的具体好处，故A选项“它可以提高整体认知能力”符合语境，故选A。 5．根据后文“In this way you’ll keep going back to them. Experts suggest that you aim for a minimum of 10 to 30 minutes, three to five days each week. Getting sweaty is good for your body and mind.(这样你就会不断回到他们身边。专家建议，你的目标是每周至少锻炼3到5天，每次10到30分钟。出汗对你的身心都有好处)”可知，该空位于文章末段，起到总结作用，另外空格后面In this way对应F选项中to be engaged in sports you enjoy，them指代sports。故F选项“为了最大程度地促进健康，关键是要参加你喜欢的运动”符合语境，故选F。 $$