Unit3 阅读理解精练（知识&题型大冲关）-2024-2025学年高一英语上学期知识&题型大冲关（人教版2019必修第一册）

Unit 3 阅读理解练习 目录 精练篇 1 Passage 1 1 基础篇 5 Passage 1 5 Passage 2 6 Passage 3 7 Passage 4 9 拔高篇 10 Passage 1 10 Passage 2 11 Passage 3 13 Passage 4 14 Passage 5 16 精练篇 Passage 1 难度⭐⭐⭐ Three years ago, Jasminka Jost was looking for a place for her young son, Vigo, to be active. She had tried playing soccer, but Vigo, who has autism (孤独症), had trouble focusing on the game. Jost needed a safe space for Vigo with coaches who specialized in meeting his needs. That’s when friends referred Jost and her family to the River City Inclusive Cym (RCIG), which offers workout classes for children, teens and adults with disabilities. The gym has been in operation since 2016, renting space in a traditional gymnastics gym before moving to its current location on Patterson Avenue in April 2022. There’re six hour — long classes per day from Monday through Saturday, each with a maximum of seven attendees and each featuring one coach per participant. “Our classes consist of an obstacle course,” says Mike McGrath, the founder of RCIG. “There’re four different sections of the gym, and we spend 15 minutes in each section. There’re monkey bars, swings, ropes for climbing and swinging, slides ropes for climbing and swinging, slides, and more. That can sound frightening, but we start from where they’re comfortable. If they just need to touch the rope at first, that’s OK, but our goal is to gradually build their skill level and participation.” Vigo, now 6 years old, looks forward to classes every week. There’re classes for older kids and young adults, too. Christine Schwab has been bringing her niece. 20-year-old Brennan, for two years and says that the classes have improved her social and motor skills. “The coaches at RCIG were great at getting her to take the extra step — and to believe that she could,” Schwab says. “As a loved one, it’s amazing to see.” Jost adds the gym is a good place to meet other people facing similar challenges. “Even beyond the classes, there’s a deep sense of community and belonging.” she says. “Vigo has made a lot of little friends, and it’s an opportunity to meet other parents. It’s a place we can all go and just be ourselves.” 1．What do we know about the RCIG from the text? A．It’s popular mostly with young people. B．It has been expanding around the country. C．It was built on Patterson Avenue in 2016. D．It is intended for people with special needs. 2．What is the third paragraph mainly about? A．The current location of the gym. B．The training courses and ways of the gym. C．The founder of the gym. D．The training coaches of the gym. 3．What is the gym good at according to Christine Schwab? A．Getting along well with the participants. B．Developing the participants’ confidence. C．Teaching the participants to set right goals. D．Bringing the participants closer together. 4．How does Vigo benefit from joining the gym according to Jost? A．He has better social life. B．He gets physically stronger. C．He becomes much smarter. D．He is able to keep focused. 词汇积累 look for这是一个动词短语，意思是“寻找；寻求；期待”。通常表示试图找到某人或某物。例如：“I'm looking for my keys.”（我在找我的钥匙。）“She is looking for a better job.”（她在找一份更好的工作。） have trouble表示“有困难；有麻烦；有苦恼”，其后通常接动词的 -ing 形式或介词短语。例如：“I have trouble sleeping at night.”（我晚上睡眠有困难。）“He has trouble with his math homework.”（他数学作业有困难。） focus on意思是“集中（注意力、精力等）于；聚焦于；关注”。例如：“You should focus on your study.”（你应该专注于学习。）“The company focuses on developing new products.”（公司专注于开发新产品。） specialize in指“专门研究；专攻；专门从事”。例如：“He specializes in medicine.”（他专攻医学。）“This store specializes in selling shoes.”（这家店专门卖鞋。） in operation意思是“在运行；在运转；在生效；在实施中”。例如：“The machine is in operation.”（这台机器在运行。）“The new law is in operation from next month.”（新法律从下个月开始生效。） a maximum of 表示“最多；至多；最大量为”。例如：“You can take a maximum of three books.”（你最多可以拿三本书。）“The room can accommodate a maximum of 50 people.”（这个房间最多能容纳 50 人。） consist of意思是“由......组成；包括；包含”。例如：“The team consists of ten members.”（这个团队由十个成员组成。）“The book consists of five chapters.”（这本书包括五个章节。） look forward to意思是“盼望；期待；期望”，其中“to”是介词，后接名词、代词或动名词。例如：“I'm looking forward to your visit.”（我期待着你的来访。）“She is looking forward to going on vacation.”（她期待着去度假。） face similar challenges“face”有“面对；面临”的意思，这个短语就是“面临类似的挑战”。例如：“Many countries face similar challenges in economic development.”（许多国家在经济发展方面面临类似的挑战。） a deep sense of community and belonging“a sense of ”表示“......的感觉”，“community”指“社区；团体；群落”，“belonging”指“归属感”。整个短语意思是“一种强烈的社区感和归属感”。例如：“Living in this small town gives me a deep sense of community and belonging.”（住在这个小镇给了我一种强烈的社区感和归属感。） an opportunity to do意思是“一个做......的机会”。例如：“This is an opportunity to show your talent.”（这是一个展示你才华的机会。） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 长难句分析 【1】That’s when friends referred Jost and her family to the River City Inclusive Cym (RCIG), which offers workout classes for children, teens and adults with disabilities. 译文 就在那时，朋友们向约斯特和她的家人推荐了河城包容性体操俱乐部（RCIG），该俱乐部为残疾儿童、青少年和成年人提供健身课程。 分析 “That’s when...”是一个常用的句式，表示“就在那时......”。“which offers workout classes for children, teens and adults with disabilities”是一个定语从句，修饰先行词“the River City Inclusive Cym (RCIG)”，在这个定语从句中，“which”指代先行词，在从句中作主语。 【2】The gym has been in operation since 2016, renting space in a traditional gymnastics gym before moving to its current location on Patterson Avenue in April 2022. 译文 这家健身房自 2016 年开始运营，起初在一家传统体操馆租用场地，2022 年 4 月搬到了现在位于帕特森大道的地址。 分析“since 2016”是时间状语。“renting space in a traditional gymnastics gym”是现在分词短语作状语，其中“in a traditional gymnastics gym”是地点状语。“before moving to its current location on Patterson Avenue in April 2022”是时间状语。 翻译练习 1. 他正在想办法摆脱这一纷争。(look for) 2. 许多年轻人与父母沟通有困难。(have trouble) 3. 大部分员工都擅长照顾孩子。(specialize in) 4. 我们最多有两小时来完成这项任务。 (a maximum of) 5. 这份沙拉由西红柿、黄瓜和生菜组成。(consist of) 6. 我现在盼望尽快回到工作中。(look forward to) 7. 他抓住了一个发财的机会。(an opportunity to) 答案解析 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．B 4．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了RCIG是为残疾儿童、青少年和成年人提供锻炼课程，并介绍了训练课程和方式。 1．细节理解题。文章第一段讲到“That’s when friends referred Jost and her family to the River City Inclusive Cym (RCIG), which offers workout classes for children, teens and adults with disabilities. (就在那时，朋友们把Jost和她的家人介绍给了River City Inclusive Cym（RCIG），该组织为残疾儿童、青少年和成年人提供锻炼课程。)”可知，RCIG是面向有特殊需要的人。故选D。 2．主旨大意题。文章第三段第一句“Our classes consist of an obstacle course (我们的课程包括障碍课程)”以及倒数第二句“That can sound frightening, but we start from where they’re comfortable (这听起来可能很可怕，但我们从他们舒服的地方开始)”可知，第三段主要讲的是健身房的训练课程和方式。故选B。 3．推理判断题。文章倒数第二段讲到“The coaches at RCIG were great at getting her to take the extra step — and to believe that she could (RCIG的教练们非常善于让她迈出额外的一步，并相信她可以)”可知，Christine Schwab认为健身房擅长培养参与者的信心。故选B。 4．细节理解题。文章最后一段讲到“Even beyond the classes, there’s a deep sense of community and belonging. (即使在课堂之外，也有一种深深的社群意识和归属感。)”可知，根据Jost的说法，Vigo加入健身房让他有更好的社交生活。故选A。 基础篇 Passage 1 难度⭐⭐ Known as kung fu in the West, Chinese martial arts come in many forms. From aunties in the park to Shaolin monks (和尚), everyone is, in fact, practicing kung fu. Tai chi Tai chi, or Taijiquan as it is more commonly known, is perhaps more connected with aunties in the park than with powerful martial artists. But tai chi is practiced for both its health benefits and as defense training. Tai chi features its slow movements. Meeting brute force (蛮劲) with brute force is sure to leave both sides injured. Meeting brute force with softness, however, allows the incoming force to exhaust itself so it can more easily be redirected. Wing Chun Like tai chi, Wing Chun is based on a philosophy of overcoming hardness by softness. Relaxation and calmness are central to Wing Chun’s fighting style. Wing Chun’s two most famous practitioners were Yip Man and his pupil, Bruce Lee. Bajiquan Bajiquan, meaning eight extreme fists, is much more forceful in style than tai chi or Wing Chun. It features explosive, short-range motions and is famous for its elbow and shoulder strikes. The first practitioner clearly identified in history was a man named Wu Zhong. Sanda Sanda, also known as Sanshou, is a mixture of traditional kung fu and modern combat practices. Sanda is believed to have originated from ancient Chinese Lei Tai fights. As part of the development of martial arts sports by the Chinese government, a standard curriculum (课程) for Sanda has been developed. 1．What do tai chi and Wing Chun have in common? A．They have many ageing fans. B．They rely on soft movements. C．They belong to defense training. D．They are famous for their practitioners. 2．What is the characteristic of Bajiquan? A．Its long history. B．Its explosive motions. C．Its violent strikes. D．Its extreme requirements. 3．What did Sanda develop from? A．Lei Tai fights. B．A standard curriculum. C．Traditional practices. D．A philosophic thought. Passage 2 难度⭐⭐ BODYPUMP BODYPUMP, a total body workout that will burn calories, shape your entire body, increase core strength and improve bone health. BODYPUMP is available as either a 55, 45or 30-minute workout. World leading instructors will coach you through the scientifically-backed moves and techniques pumping out encouragement, motivation and great music — helping you achieve much more than on your own! BODYCOMBAT Step into a BODYCOMBAT workout and you’ll punch and kick your way to fitness, burning up to 570 calories along the way. This high-energy martial-arts inspired workout is totally non-contact and there are no complex moves to master. A LES MILLS instructor will challenge you to up the strength and motivate you to make the most of every round. You’ll release stress, have fun and feel like a champ. BODYCOMBAT is available as either a 55,45 or 30-minute workout. BODYCOMBAT will train your whole body and get you fit, fast and strong. It works your legs, strengthens your arms, back and shoulders and provides core training. You destroy calories. develop coordination and speed, and feel empowered. BODYJAM Originating in Auckland, New Zealand, BODYJAM is a combination of music and dance. BODYJAM is available as either a 55, 45 or 30-minute workout. If you want to dance, there is nothing like it. All styles of electronic dance music. It’s the soul of BODYJAM. This is legal. Whether you’ve got two left feet or fancy yourself as Beyonce’s back up dancer, we’ve got your back. Our superb LES MILLS instructors will lead you to have fun. BODYJAMdoesn’t discriminate, and dance is free, so what’s stop ping you? BODYATTACK BODYATTACK is a high-energy fitness class with moves that suit total beginners to total addicts. We combine athletic movements like running and jumping with strength exercises such as push-ups and squats (深蹲). BODYATTACK is available as either a 55, 45 or 30-minute workout. A LES MILLS instructor will pump out energizing tunes and lead you through the workout — challenging your limits in a good way, burning up to 555 calories and leaving you with a sense of achievement. 1．If you are interested in dance, which workout suits you best? A．BODYPUMP. B．BODYCOMBAT. C．BODYJAM. D．BODYATTACK. 2．What do the four works have in common? A．They all need equipment. B．They are just suitable for athletes. C．They are all conducted by instructors. D．They all require special safety measures. 3．Where is the text most probably taken from? A．A notice. B．A brochure. C．An essay. D．A textbook. Passage 3 难度⭐⭐ Keeping a schedule helps you arrange your time in ways that matter to you. If you do not decide how to spend your time, you will likely procrastinate (拖延), get distracted, and get nowhere. Following a schedule in life is a key element toward your success. You can set boundaries around your time for work, rest, learning, health, and more. This way you will be free to do what is important to you. Just like a budget for your money, your schedule allows you to spend time on the things that matter to you. You can selectively choose what you will do and what you will not do. In this way, you can gain more freedom in your life. A schedule can help you fit more into a day, but your main concern ought to be getting the important things into your day. You cannot do everything, so you do what matters and maintain your focus by ignoring things that would distract you from the things that will have the greatest impact. This way, you can increase your productivity. You can prove your trustworthiness (可靠, 可信赖) by sticking to a set schedule. Following it can help you remember the things you have agreed to do. You can also help avoid conflicts by checking your schedule before you make a new promise. Use your schedule to maintain your trustworthiness and reliability in the eyes of others. Your schedule ensures that you take action each day to achieve your goal. Whether small or large steps, your increasing successes build up each day. Repetition develops excellence and excellence leads to success. As you see yourself winning from day to day, your self-confidence grows. 1．Without a schedule, you tend to__________. A．achieve nothing that one desires B．have more freedom to enjoy life C．be attracted by important things 2．If you set boundaries around your time, what can you get? A．More money. B．More rest. C．More freedom. 3．What can we infer from Paragraph 4? A．Never make a promise to anyone. B．Our energy is limitless. C．Schedule helps to protect your credit. 4．Which can be a suitable title of the text? A．The Benefits of Keeping a Schedule B．The Ways to Keep a Schedule in Life C．The Keys to Achieving Success in Life Passage 4 难度⭐⭐ Do you like doing exercise? Do you want to know the benefits from the exercise? Let’s learn something about exercise. Exercise is any action that gets you moving. You can run, ride a bike, swim, jump rope or row a boat. It’s all good for you! There are three kinds of exercise. One is stretching (拉伸). You may do this in dance, yoga or at the gym. When you stretch, you keep your muscles (肌肉) bendable (可弯曲的). Aerobic exercise (有氧运动) makes your heart beat fast. You get this kind of exercise when you walk or run. Your heart beats fast when you swim, too. The last kind of exercise makes your muscles strong. You build strong muscles when you lift weights. When you sprint or run fast, you make your muscles strong, too. You get exercise when you play tag and hide and seek. Leapfrog and ball games are also good to do. So go outside and have fun! If you keep on doing exercise, you will know the more exercise you do, the healthier and happier you will be. 1．What happens to your muscles when you stretch? A．They beat fast. B．They stay bendable. C．They break. D．They grow. 2．Which exercise makes your heart beat faster? A．Aerobic exercise. B．Stretching. C．Lifting weight. D．Yo ya. 3．You can build strong muscles by _________. A．sleeping B．singing C．walking D．lifting weights 4．Which sentence is NOT TRUE according to the passage? A．When you stretch, you keep your muscles bendable. B．Aerobic exercise makes your heart beat fast. C．Leapfrog and ball games are not good for you to do. D．You build strong muscles when you lift weights. 5．From the text we know that ___________. A．there are only three kinds of exercise B．exercise is good for our health C．we can’t stretch our muscles by exercise D．we can only build our muscles by lifting weights 拔高篇 Passage 1 难度⭐⭐⭐ The vast majority of Spain’s trains will be free until the end of the year in a new program. People visiting the West European country can now whizz (飞速行驶) across it in the relative luxury of one of its trains for zero cost. As well as being much better for the environment than air travel, sitting on a train and watching the countryside slip by is the perfect way to get to know a country. Under Spain’s new program, all short and medium train rides are free — with the right ticket — providing the perfect opportunity to see Catalonia, Andalucia and the Basque Country. Tourists can take advantage of the discounts, which have been brought in to help the population deal with the cost of living crisis, if they buy multi-journey tickets. “I’d like the people of Spain to know that I’m fully aware of the daily difficulties that most people have,” a senior official said. “I know salaries cover less and less and that it’s difficult to get to the end of the month.” The country’s Ministry of Transport said the measure would help people get to work safely as fuel prices continue to rise sharply. Spain joins Germany in cutting the price of public transport, with the latter country launching a ticket costing €9 which gives a full month of travel from June until the end of August. Austria has started offering a climate ticket, which allows people to complete journeys for just €3. When it was first launched last year, the popularity of the ticket almost caused its website to crash. The UK government has not announced any plans to encourage the use of trains, despite the seriousness of the climate crisis and the damage petrol and diesel cars cause. Instead, the government cut fuel duty by 5% in March for 12 months, encouraging more people to get behind the wheel. 1．What can be inferred about the program? A．People still have doubt about it. B．It is of benefit to the environment. C．The trains in Spain are completely free now. D．Spain is the only country in Europe to cut transport costs. 2．What is the main purpose of introducing the program? A．To lower fuel prices. B．To relieve the stress of airline business. C．To promote tourism and benefit people of Spain. D．To show the government’s concern for the public. 3．What does the author think of the UK government’s practice? A．Unwise. B．Admiring. C．Perfect. D．Praiseworthy. 4．What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A．The practices on public transport in some countries. B．The economic benefits of the program. C．The program’s great benefits to health. D．The popularity of the climate ticket. Passage 2 难度⭐⭐⭐ A set of photos of a boy carrying his tennis rackets in a bamboo basket has gone viral (走红). The boy, Wang Fa, 14, is a member of the Va ethnic group (佤族) from Yunnan. After wining the under-14 title (冠军) in the Guangzhou stop of the 2022 ASICS Tennis Junior Tour, an audience member from Yunnan gave him the bamboo basket as a gift and the photos were taken. “We always carry bamboo baskets when we work in the field. This is a typical farming tool of the Va ethnic group. I carried my rackets in this basket to honor my hometown,” Wang said after the match. Before tennis, Wang was just an ordinary boy from a village. But in 2016, he was chosen by a local club as one of the first 10 local children to learn to play professional tennis, “I was nervous at the beginning because the outside world was so different from my home,” he said, adding that tennis has helped him make more friends and get a better education. Over the past six years, Wang, along with other players at the Yunnan Wild Elephants Tennis Club, has trained hard to improve his skills and physical strength. The children would get up at 6:30 a.m, and practice for more than six hours a day, Every day, they need to swing a racket more than 7,000 times and run 9 kilometers. “If it were not for tennis, I would still be helping out my family with farmwork back home,” Wang said. Wang’s parents didn’t want him to learn tennis at first because they couldn’t afford it. But the tennis club offered to teach him for free. Wang’s hometown, the mountainous Cangyuan Va autceomous county, was just lifted out of poverty (脱贫) in 2019, reported China Daily. For Wang, winning the ASICS Tennis Junior Tour title was the beginning of a hopeful future. “I will aim for the top spots (位置) on the professional stage,” he said. 1．Where did Wang Fa get the bamboo basket in the photos? A．His parents gave it to him to carry rackets. B．It was the one that he used to do farmwork. C．It was a prize from the competition. D．One game audience member gave it to him. 2．Paragraph 3 is written to ________. A．describe Wang’s life in the club B．show how Wang’s life has changed C．explain why Wang chose this activity D．present Wang’s talents in his young age 3．What can we learn from Wang’s words in Paragraph 5? A．He thinks that the training is tiring. B．He is thankful for joining the tennis club. C．Competition is serious in the tennis club. D．He likes doing farmwork more than playing tennis. 4．What do we know about Wang Fa? A．He is hopeful about his future. B．He helped his family out of poverty. C．His parents don’t support his dream. D．He needs to make more money for the club. Passage 3 难度⭐⭐⭐ A new study finds that getting a family dog is linked with a big jump in physical activity in younger kids — especially in young girls. In the study, Australian researchers followed 600 children over a three-year period, starting at preschool age. They tracked the kids’ physical activity and surveyed parents about their children’s activities — and whether they had a family dog. Half of the children didn’t have a dog. About 204 kids had a dog the entire time, while 58 kids got a dog during the study period — and sadly, 31 kids lost a dog. Both boys and girls in the study engaged more frequently in activities like dog walking and playing in the yard after getting a dog. But the impact was pronounced in girls in particular. It showed that adding a dog to the household increased young girls’ physical activity by 52 minutes a day — or almost an hour. In contrast, girls whose dog died during the study saw a big drop in their daily physical activity — by 62 minutes a day. Katie Potter, a professor at the University of Massachusetts Amherst, who led the study notes that while the body of research is limited, other studies have also suggested that dogs may have a bit more of an impact on girls’ activity levels. “We’re not sure why — if it’s something about how girls and boys differently communicate with or connect with their dogs. So we certainly want to learn more about this,” Potter says. Studies show girls experience a bigger drop in physical activity as they get older than boys do. “If researchers can find ways to use dogs to get — and keep — girls moving more, that could have a real impact on public health.” Dogs are a big responsibility, and owning one is not for everyone. But for dog lovers, welcoming a furry friend into the family could have many benefits. “There’s just something about the connection between humans and animals that I think people just can’t get enough of,” Potter says. 1．How does the study get its finding according to the passage? A．By comparing boys’ school activities with girls. B．By tracking kids’ long-term physical activity levels. C．By studying the number of owning dogs in children. D．By observing the relationship between kids and dogs. 2．What does the underlined word “pronounced” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Noticeable. B．Accessible. C．Measurable. D．Reliable. 3．What does professor Potter suggest about the dog ownership? A．It can reduce girls’ physical activity as they get older. B．It can help drive girls to be more physically active. C．It would help strengthen boys’ sense of responsibility. D．It would make more and more girls ready to buy dogs. 4．Why do the researchers make the study according to professor Potter? A．To encourage more families to adopt dogs as pets. B．To understand the effect of dogs on public health. C．To figure out the different effects on boys and girls. D．To prove that dogs are important for physical well-being. Passage 4 难度⭐⭐⭐ Terry Eugene Bollea, also known as Hulk Hogan, has inspired people for a very long time. Born on August 11, 1953, in Georgia, Hogan had a destiny that aimed for the stars. Terry always had an interest in wrestling, and he further developed the passion during high school. He gained his education at the Hillsborough Community College and then later on from the University of South Florida. In order to pursue his goal, Hulk joined the local gym which was owned by brothers Jack and Jerry Brisco. Astonished by his performance, the brothers motivated him to perform even further. It was in 1979 when his hard work paid off and he was noticed by Vincent McMahon — the promoter of the World Wrestling Federation. McMahon gave Terry a chance to join the WWF and he accepted it. Because of his huge physique and unbelievable similarity to the Marvel Comics character “Hulk”, he took the advice of McMahon and adopted the stage name of Hulk Hogan. To test his flexibility and strength, Hulk Hogan was pitted against (对决) Andre the Giant in 1980. Hogan won the match, alongside the hearts of fans all over the country. It is after this match that he caught the attention of Sylvester Stallone, who actually cast him in his movie Rocky 3. During his career, he became a world champion more than 12 times and earned exhilarating (令人兴奋的) fame for himself. He also starred in many movies and TV shows including his own TV show — Hogan Knows Best. Currently, Netflix is planning to release a biopic (传记) movie of Hulk Hogan starring Chris Hemsworth. Hulk Hogan is America’s most recognized wrestler, and it took him a lot of time and hard work to be in that position. He attained such a crazy fan following known as “Hulkamania” in so little time. Hogan is one of the legendary American Icons now. He also won 12 world titles. Six of them were with World Championship Wrestling and the other six were with World Wrestling Entertainment. 1．Why did Terry adopt “Hulk” as his stage name? A．McMahon ordered him to do so. B．For his high similarity with the character. C．For his superb performance in wrestling. D．He was crazy about the Marvel Comics. 2．What was the impact of the match between Hulk and Andre? A．Hulk became as popular as Stallone. B．Hulk successfully took Andre’s place. C．Hulk was appreciated and given a chance. D．Hulk received gifts from all over the country. 3．What is the author’s purpose of writing paragraph 4? A．To show Hulk’s great achievements. B．To tell Hulk have earned countless money. C．To promote Hulk’s movies and TV shows. D．To call for making a biopic movie for Hulk. 4．What can we know about Hulk’s success? A．His crazy fans aid in his success. B．He’s the best wrestler in the world. C．It is his appearance that really matters. D．He’s won titles in many wrestling matches. Passage 5 难度⭐⭐⭐ The rise of body neutrality You define (定义) beauty yourself. You are more than a number in measurement. Love yourself the way you are. Body positive messages like theses seem to be everywhere from social media to TV advertisements. Body positivity’s aim to boost acceptance and appreciation of a variety of body types and sizes may explain why it has such a broad appeal. While some find the body positivity movement to be helpful, others have begun calling the movement toxic and suggesting it may be time to move on from this way of thinking. More recently, people have voiced concerns. Some feel that the focus on loving your looks actually strengthens society’s stress on appearance over other values. Much body positivity content in advertisements may bring a stereotype (刻板印象) to viewers because it does little to challenge the hidden assumption that people are valued mainly for their appearance. Therefore, the movement still encourages people to be graceful and engage in beauty practices from head to toe. And if you fail to be body positive, it’s you that are at fault. Many are now moving away from the body positivity movement and the pressures that come from it entirely, and instead are getting behind the body neutrality (中立) movement. Instead of focusing on physical appearance, body neutrality is a profound idea that we can exist without having to think too much about our bodies. We are all more than just our bodies. We are complicated beings with a range of emotions and feelings about our bodies. And because body neutrality de-emphasizes (不强调) the focus on appearance, it motivates us to better acknowledge all the things our bodies are able to do. Being grateful for being able to take up your hobbies and appreciating your body for what it’s capable of doing are both examples of body neutrality. Body neutrality can be beneficial to us. It is associated with the positive body image and mental well-being. The good news is that there are many ways you can develop body neutrality, including writing-based treatment, yoga and spending time in nature. 1．What does the underlined word “toxic” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Inspiring. B．Dangerous. C．Influential. D．Useless. 2．Why is body positivity criticised? A．It upsets overweight people. B．It overstates the role of advertising. C．It attracts too much attention to appearance. D．It challenges the traditional standards of beauty. 3．Which statement would supporters of body neutrality probably agree with? A．Keep fit and you will be confident. B．Accept the imperfection of your body. C．Appreciate your abilities instead of your body. D．Treasure your appearance rather than other values. 4．What is the structure of the text? A．①②/③④/⑤/⑥ B．①/②③/④⑤⑥ C．①/②/③/④⑤/⑥ D．①②/③/④⑤/⑥ $$ Unit 3 阅读理解练习 目录 精练篇 1 Passage 1 1 基础篇 5 Passage 1 5 Passage 2 6 Passage 3 9 Passage 4 11 拔高篇 12 Passage 1 12 Passage 2 15 Passage 3 17 Passage 4 20 Passage 5 22 精练篇 Passage 1 难度⭐⭐⭐ Three years ago, Jasminka Jost was looking for a place for her young son, Vigo, to be active. She had tried playing soccer, but Vigo, who has autism (孤独症), had trouble focusing on the game. Jost needed a safe space for Vigo with coaches who specialized in meeting his needs. That’s when friends referred Jost and her family to the River City Inclusive Cym (RCIG), which offers workout classes for children, teens and adults with disabilities. The gym has been in operation since 2016, renting space in a traditional gymnastics gym before moving to its current location on Patterson Avenue in April 2022. There’re six hour — long classes per day from Monday through Saturday, each with a maximum of seven attendees and each featuring one coach per participant. “Our classes consist of an obstacle course,” says Mike McGrath, the founder of RCIG. “There’re four different sections of the gym, and we spend 15 minutes in each section. There’re monkey bars, swings, ropes for climbing and swinging, slides ropes for climbing and swinging, slides, and more. That can sound frightening, but we start from where they’re comfortable. If they just need to touch the rope at first, that’s OK, but our goal is to gradually build their skill level and participation.” Vigo, now 6 years old, looks forward to classes every week. There’re classes for older kids and young adults, too. Christine Schwab has been bringing her niece. 20-year-old Brennan, for two years and says that the classes have improved her social and motor skills. “The coaches at RCIG were great at getting her to take the extra step — and to believe that she could,” Schwab says. “As a loved one, it’s amazing to see.” Jost adds the gym is a good place to meet other people facing similar challenges. “Even beyond the classes, there’s a deep sense of community and belonging.” she says. “Vigo has made a lot of little friends, and it’s an opportunity to meet other parents. It’s a place we can all go and just be ourselves.” 1．What do we know about the RCIG from the text? A．It’s popular mostly with young people. B．It has been expanding around the country. C．It was built on Patterson Avenue in 2016. D．It is intended for people with special needs. 2．What is the third paragraph mainly about? A．The current location of the gym. B．The training courses and ways of the gym. C．The founder of the gym. D．The training coaches of the gym. 3．What is the gym good at according to Christine Schwab? A．Getting along well with the participants. B．Developing the participants’ confidence. C．Teaching the participants to set right goals. D．Bringing the participants closer together. 4．How does Vigo benefit from joining the gym according to Jost? A．He has better social life. B．He gets physically stronger. C．He becomes much smarter. D．He is able to keep focused. 词汇积累 look for这是一个动词短语，意思是“寻找；寻求；期待”。通常表示试图找到某人或某物。例如：“I'm looking for my keys.”（我在找我的钥匙。）“She is looking for a better job.”（她在找一份更好的工作。） have trouble表示“有困难；有麻烦；有苦恼”，其后通常接动词的 -ing 形式或介词短语。例如：“I have trouble sleeping at night.”（我晚上睡眠有困难。）“He has trouble with his math homework.”（他数学作业有困难。） focus on意思是“集中（注意力、精力等）于；聚焦于；关注”。例如：“You should focus on your study.”（你应该专注于学习。）“The company focuses on developing new products.”（公司专注于开发新产品。） specialize in指“专门研究；专攻；专门从事”。例如：“He specializes in medicine.”（他专攻医学。）“This store specializes in selling shoes.”（这家店专门卖鞋。） in operation意思是“在运行；在运转；在生效；在实施中”。例如：“The machine is in operation.”（这台机器在运行。）“The new law is in operation from next month.”（新法律从下个月开始生效。） a maximum of 表示“最多；至多；最大量为”。例如：“You can take a maximum of three books.”（你最多可以拿三本书。）“The room can accommodate a maximum of 50 people.”（这个房间最多能容纳 50 人。） consist of意思是“由......组成；包括；包含”。例如：“The team consists of ten members.”（这个团队由十个成员组成。）“The book consists of five chapters.”（这本书包括五个章节。） look forward to意思是“盼望；期待；期望”，其中“to”是介词，后接名词、代词或动名词。例如：“I'm looking forward to your visit.”（我期待着你的来访。）“She is looking forward to going on vacation.”（她期待着去度假。） face similar challenges“face”有“面对；面临”的意思，这个短语就是“面临类似的挑战”。例如：“Many countries face similar challenges in economic development.”（许多国家在经济发展方面面临类似的挑战。） a deep sense of community and belonging“a sense of ”表示“......的感觉”，“community”指“社区；团体；群落”，“belonging”指“归属感”。整个短语意思是“一种强烈的社区感和归属感”。例如：“Living in this small town gives me a deep sense of community and belonging.”（住在这个小镇给了我一种强烈的社区感和归属感。） an opportunity to do意思是“一个做......的机会”。例如：“This is an opportunity to show your talent.”（这是一个展示你才华的机会。） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 长难句分析 【1】That’s when friends referred Jost and her family to the River City Inclusive Cym (RCIG), which offers workout classes for children, teens and adults with disabilities. 译文 就在那时，朋友们向约斯特和她的家人推荐了河城包容性体操俱乐部（RCIG），该俱乐部为残疾儿童、青少年和成年人提供健身课程。 分析 “That’s when...”是一个常用的句式，表示“就在那时......”。“which offers workout classes for children, teens and adults with disabilities”是一个定语从句，修饰先行词“the River City Inclusive Cym (RCIG)”，在这个定语从句中，“which”指代先行词，在从句中作主语。 【2】The gym has been in operation since 2016, renting space in a traditional gymnastics gym before moving to its current location on Patterson Avenue in April 2022. 译文 这家健身房自 2016 年开始运营，起初在一家传统体操馆租用场地，2022 年 4 月搬到了现在位于帕特森大道的地址。 分析“since 2016”是时间状语。“renting space in a traditional gymnastics gym”是现在分词短语作状语，其中“in a traditional gymnastics gym”是地点状语。“before moving to its current location on Patterson Avenue in April 2022”是时间状语。 翻译练习 1. 他正在想办法摆脱这一纷争。(look for) He's looking for a way out from this conflict. 2. 许多年轻人与父母沟通有困难。(have trouble) Many young people have trouble communicating with their parents. 3. 大部分员工都擅长照顾孩子。(specialize in) Most of the staff specialize in the care of children. 4. 我们最多有两小时来完成这项任务。 (a maximum of) We have a maximum of two hours to finish the task. 5. 这份沙拉由西红柿、黄瓜和生菜组成。(consist of) The salad consists of tomatoes, cucumbers and lettuce. 6. 我现在盼望尽快回到工作中。(look forward to) I now look forward to going back to work as soon as possible. 7. 他抓住了一个发财的机会。(an opportunity to) He seized an opportunity to make a fortune. 答案解析 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．B 4．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了RCIG是为残疾儿童、青少年和成年人提供锻炼课程，并介绍了训练课程和方式。 1．细节理解题。文章第一段讲到“That’s when friends referred Jost and her family to the River City Inclusive Cym (RCIG), which offers workout classes for children, teens and adults with disabilities. (就在那时，朋友们把Jost和她的家人介绍给了River City Inclusive Cym（RCIG），该组织为残疾儿童、青少年和成年人提供锻炼课程。)”可知，RCIG是面向有特殊需要的人。故选D。 2．主旨大意题。文章第三段第一句“Our classes consist of an obstacle course (我们的课程包括障碍课程)”以及倒数第二句“That can sound frightening, but we start from where they’re comfortable (这听起来可能很可怕，但我们从他们舒服的地方开始)”可知，第三段主要讲的是健身房的训练课程和方式。故选B。 3．推理判断题。文章倒数第二段讲到“The coaches at RCIG were great at getting her to take the extra step — and to believe that she could (RCIG的教练们非常善于让她迈出额外的一步，并相信她可以)”可知，Christine Schwab认为健身房擅长培养参与者的信心。故选B。 4．细节理解题。文章最后一段讲到“Even beyond the classes, there’s a deep sense of community and belonging. (即使在课堂之外，也有一种深深的社群意识和归属感。)”可知，根据Jost的说法，Vigo加入健身房让他有更好的社交生活。故选A。 基础篇 Passage 1 难度⭐⭐ Known as kung fu in the West, Chinese martial arts come in many forms. From aunties in the park to Shaolin monks (和尚), everyone is, in fact, practicing kung fu. Tai chi Tai chi, or Taijiquan as it is more commonly known, is perhaps more connected with aunties in the park than with powerful martial artists. But tai chi is practiced for both its health benefits and as defense training. Tai chi features its slow movements. Meeting brute force (蛮劲) with brute force is sure to leave both sides injured. Meeting brute force with softness, however, allows the incoming force to exhaust itself so it can more easily be redirected. Wing Chun Like tai chi, Wing Chun is based on a philosophy of overcoming hardness by softness. Relaxation and calmness are central to Wing Chun’s fighting style. Wing Chun’s two most famous practitioners were Yip Man and his pupil, Bruce Lee. Bajiquan Bajiquan, meaning eight extreme fists, is much more forceful in style than tai chi or Wing Chun. It features explosive, short-range motions and is famous for its elbow and shoulder strikes. The first practitioner clearly identified in history was a man named Wu Zhong. Sanda Sanda, also known as Sanshou, is a mixture of traditional kung fu and modern combat practices. Sanda is believed to have originated from ancient Chinese Lei Tai fights. As part of the development of martial arts sports by the Chinese government, a standard curriculum (课程) for Sanda has been developed. 1．What do tai chi and Wing Chun have in common? A．They have many ageing fans. B．They rely on soft movements. C．They belong to defense training. D．They are famous for their practitioners. 2．What is the characteristic of Bajiquan? A．Its long history. B．Its explosive motions. C．Its violent strikes. D．Its extreme requirements. 3．What did Sanda develop from? A．Lei Tai fights. B．A standard curriculum. C．Traditional practices. D．A philosophic thought. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的代表性武术形式：太极，咏春，八极拳和散打。 1．细节理解题。根据文章“Wing Chun”部分内容“Like tai chi, Wing Chun is based on a philosophy of overcoming hardness by softness.(和太极一样，咏春拳也是基于一种以柔克刚的哲学。)”可知，太极和咏春的共同之处在于都是基于以柔克刚的哲学，即它们的动作都很柔和。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据文章“Bajiquan”部分内容“It features explosive, short-range motions and is famous for its elbow and shoulder strikes.(它的特点是爆发性的短距离动作，并以肘部和肩部撞击而闻名。)”可知，八极拳的特点是爆发性的短距离动作。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据文章“Sanda”部分内容“Sanda is believed to have originated from ancient Chinese Lei Tai fights.(散打被认为起源于中国古代的擂台格斗。)”可知，散打来源于中国古代的擂台格斗。故选A项。 Passage 2 难度⭐⭐ BODYPUMP BODYPUMP, a total body workout that will burn calories, shape your entire body, increase core strength and improve bone health. BODYPUMP is available as either a 55, 45or 30-minute workout. World leading instructors will coach you through the scientifically-backed moves and techniques pumping out encouragement, motivation and great music — helping you achieve much more than on your own! BODYCOMBAT Step into a BODYCOMBAT workout and you’ll punch and kick your way to fitness, burning up to 570 calories along the way. This high-energy martial-arts inspired workout is totally non-contact and there are no complex moves to master. A LES MILLS instructor will challenge you to up the strength and motivate you to make the most of every round. You’ll release stress, have fun and feel like a champ. BODYCOMBAT is available as either a 55,45 or 30-minute workout. BODYCOMBAT will train your whole body and get you fit, fast and strong. It works your legs, strengthens your arms, back and shoulders and provides core training. You destroy calories. develop coordination and speed, and feel empowered. BODYJAM Originating in Auckland, New Zealand, BODYJAM is a combination of music and dance. BODYJAM is available as either a 55, 45 or 30-minute workout. If you want to dance, there is nothing like it. All styles of electronic dance music. It’s the soul of BODYJAM. This is legal. Whether you’ve got two left feet or fancy yourself as Beyonce’s back up dancer, we’ve got your back. Our superb LES MILLS instructors will lead you to have fun. BODYJAMdoesn’t discriminate, and dance is free, so what’s stop ping you? BODYATTACK BODYATTACK is a high-energy fitness class with moves that suit total beginners to total addicts. We combine athletic movements like running and jumping with strength exercises such as push-ups and squats (深蹲). BODYATTACK is available as either a 55, 45 or 30-minute workout. A LES MILLS instructor will pump out energizing tunes and lead you through the workout — challenging your limits in a good way, burning up to 555 calories and leaving you with a sense of achievement. 1．If you are interested in dance, which workout suits you best? A．BODYPUMP. B．BODYCOMBAT. C．BODYJAM. D．BODYATTACK. 2．What do the four works have in common? A．They all need equipment. B．They are just suitable for athletes. C．They are all conducted by instructors. D．They all require special safety measures. 3．Where is the text most probably taken from? A．A notice. B．A brochure. C．An essay. D．A textbook. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章描述了四种不同的健身课程（BODYPUMP、BODYCOMBAT、BODYJAM、BODYATTACK），并给出了每种课程的详细介绍、特点和持续时间。 1．细节理解题。根据BODYJAM部分的“Originating in Auckland, New Zealand, BODYJAM is a combination of music and dance.(BODYJAM起源于新西兰奥克兰，是一种音乐与舞蹈的结合)”可知，BODYJAM是音乐和舞蹈的结合，适合想要跳舞的人。由此可知，如果对舞蹈感兴趣，BODYJAM最适合你。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据BODYPUMP部分的“World leading instructors will coach you through the scientifically-backed moves and techniques(世界领先的教练将指导您通过科学支持的动作和技术)”，BODYCOMBAT部分的“A LES MILLS instructor will challenge you to up the strength and motivate you to make the most of every round.(一位LES MILLS教练会挑战你提高力量，并激励你充分利用每一轮（的锻炼）)”，BODYJAM部分的“Our superb LES MILLS instructors will lead you to have fun.(我们一流的LES MILLS教练将带领你玩得开心)”和BODYATTACK部分的“A LES MILLS instructor will pump out energizing tunes and lead you through the workout — challenging your limits in a good way(一位LES MILLS教练将为你播放充满活力的音乐，引导你完成锻炼——以一种好的方式挑战你的极限)”可知，四个工作的共同点是都有教练指导。故选C。 3．推理判断题。文章描述了四种不同的健身课程（BODYPUMP、BODYCOMBAT、BODYJAM、BODYATTACK），并给出了每种课程的详细介绍、特点和持续时间，这些都是宣传册中常见的内容。由此推知，文章最有可能出自一本宣传手册。故选B。 Passage 3 难度⭐⭐ Keeping a schedule helps you arrange your time in ways that matter to you. If you do not decide how to spend your time, you will likely procrastinate (拖延), get distracted, and get nowhere. Following a schedule in life is a key element toward your success. You can set boundaries around your time for work, rest, learning, health, and more. This way you will be free to do what is important to you. Just like a budget for your money, your schedule allows you to spend time on the things that matter to you. You can selectively choose what you will do and what you will not do. In this way, you can gain more freedom in your life. A schedule can help you fit more into a day, but your main concern ought to be getting the important things into your day. You cannot do everything, so you do what matters and maintain your focus by ignoring things that would distract you from the things that will have the greatest impact. This way, you can increase your productivity. You can prove your trustworthiness (可靠, 可信赖) by sticking to a set schedule. Following it can help you remember the things you have agreed to do. You can also help avoid conflicts by checking your schedule before you make a new promise. Use your schedule to maintain your trustworthiness and reliability in the eyes of others. Your schedule ensures that you take action each day to achieve your goal. Whether small or large steps, your increasing successes build up each day. Repetition develops excellence and excellence leads to success. As you see yourself winning from day to day, your self-confidence grows. 1．Without a schedule, you tend to__________. A．achieve nothing that one desires B．have more freedom to enjoy life C．be attracted by important things 2．If you set boundaries around your time, what can you get? A．More money. B．More rest. C．More freedom. 3．What can we infer from Paragraph 4? A．Never make a promise to anyone. B．Our energy is limitless. C．Schedule helps to protect your credit. 4．Which can be a suitable title of the text? A．The Benefits of Keeping a Schedule B．The Ways to Keep a Schedule in Life C．The Keys to Achieving Success in Life 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了保持日程安排的重要性。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段中“If you do not decide how to spend your time, you will likely procrastinate (拖延), get distracted, and get nowhere.”（如果你不决定如何度过你的时间，你可能会拖延，分心，一事无成）可推知，没有计划，你可能会一事无成，即无法实现你想要的目标。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“You can set boundaries around your time for work, rest, learning, health, and more. This way you will be free to do what is important to you.”（你可以为你的工作、休息、学习、健康等设定时间界限。这样你就能自由地做对你重要的事情）可知，如果你为你的时间设定界限，你就能获得更多的自由。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段中“You can prove your trustworthiness (可靠，可信赖) by sticking to a set schedule. Following it can help you remember the things you have agreed to do. You can also help avoid conflicts by checking your schedule before you make a new promise.”（你可以通过坚持一个设定的时间表来证明你的可靠性，遵循它可以帮助你记住你已经同意做的事情。你也可以在做出新的承诺之前检查你的时间表，以避免冲突）可推知，计划可以避免冲突，确保你履行承诺，即帮助你维护你的信用。故选C项。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Following a schedule in life is a key element toward your success.”（在生活中遵循计划是你成功的关键因素）和上下文内容可知，文章主要讲述了保持计划的好处，包括帮助你安排时间、增加自由、提高效率、保护信誉和实现目标等。因此，最适合的标题是“The Benefits of Keeping a Schedule”（保持计划的好处）。故选A项。 Passage 4 难度⭐⭐ Do you like doing exercise? Do you want to know the benefits from the exercise? Let’s learn something about exercise. Exercise is any action that gets you moving. You can run, ride a bike, swim, jump rope or row a boat. It’s all good for you! There are three kinds of exercise. One is stretching (拉伸). You may do this in dance, yoga or at the gym. When you stretch, you keep your muscles (肌肉) bendable (可弯曲的). Aerobic exercise (有氧运动) makes your heart beat fast. You get this kind of exercise when you walk or run. Your heart beats fast when you swim, too. The last kind of exercise makes your muscles strong. You build strong muscles when you lift weights. When you sprint or run fast, you make your muscles strong, too. You get exercise when you play tag and hide and seek. Leapfrog and ball games are also good to do. So go outside and have fun! If you keep on doing exercise, you will know the more exercise you do, the healthier and happier you will be. 1．What happens to your muscles when you stretch? A．They beat fast. B．They stay bendable. C．They break. D．They grow. 2．Which exercise makes your heart beat faster? A．Aerobic exercise. B．Stretching. C．Lifting weight. D．Yo ya. 3．You can build strong muscles by _________. A．sleeping B．singing C．walking D．lifting weights 4．Which sentence is NOT TRUE according to the passage? A．When you stretch, you keep your muscles bendable. B．Aerobic exercise makes your heart beat fast. C．Leapfrog and ball games are not good for you to do. D．You build strong muscles when you lift weights. 5．From the text we know that ___________. A．there are only three kinds of exercise B．exercise is good for our health C．we can’t stretch our muscles by exercise D．we can only build our muscles by lifting weights 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了运动的种类及其好处，鼓励人们进行多种形式的锻炼以促进身心健康。 1．细节理解题。由文章第三段中“When you stretch, you keep your muscles (肌肉) bendable (可弯曲的). (当你伸展时，你的肌肉可以弯曲)”可知，当你做拉伸时，你的肌肉可弯曲。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“Aerobic exercise (有氧运动) makes your heart beat fast. (有氧运动会让你的心跳加快)”可知，有氧运动使你的心跳加快。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第五段中的“You build strong muscles when you lift weights. (当你举重时，你会练出强壮的肌肉)”可知，通过举重可以锻炼出强壮的肌肉。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“Leapfrog and ball games are also good to do. (蛙跳和球类运动也是不错的选择)”可知，蛙跳和球类运动也是很好的活动。故选C。 5．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“If you keep on doing exercise, you will know the more exercise you do, the healthier and happier you will be. (如果你坚持做运动，你就会知道你做的运动越多，你就会越健康，越快乐)”可知，文章强调了锻炼对健康的好处。故选B。 拔高篇 Passage 1 难度⭐⭐⭐ The vast majority of Spain’s trains will be free until the end of the year in a new program. People visiting the West European country can now whizz (飞速行驶) across it in the relative luxury of one of its trains for zero cost. As well as being much better for the environment than air travel, sitting on a train and watching the countryside slip by is the perfect way to get to know a country. Under Spain’s new program, all short and medium train rides are free — with the right ticket — providing the perfect opportunity to see Catalonia, Andalucia and the Basque Country. Tourists can take advantage of the discounts, which have been brought in to help the population deal with the cost of living crisis, if they buy multi-journey tickets. “I’d like the people of Spain to know that I’m fully aware of the daily difficulties that most people have,” a senior official said. “I know salaries cover less and less and that it’s difficult to get to the end of the month.” The country’s Ministry of Transport said the measure would help people get to work safely as fuel prices continue to rise sharply. Spain joins Germany in cutting the price of public transport, with the latter country launching a ticket costing €9 which gives a full month of travel from June until the end of August. Austria has started offering a climate ticket, which allows people to complete journeys for just €3. When it was first launched last year, the popularity of the ticket almost caused its website to crash. The UK government has not announced any plans to encourage the use of trains, despite the seriousness of the climate crisis and the damage petrol and diesel cars cause. Instead, the government cut fuel duty by 5% in March for 12 months, encouraging more people to get behind the wheel. 1．What can be inferred about the program? A．People still have doubt about it. B．It is of benefit to the environment. C．The trains in Spain are completely free now. D．Spain is the only country in Europe to cut transport costs. 2．What is the main purpose of introducing the program? A．To lower fuel prices. B．To relieve the stress of airline business. C．To promote tourism and benefit people of Spain. D．To show the government’s concern for the public. 3．What does the author think of the UK government’s practice? A．Unwise. B．Admiring. C．Perfect. D．Praiseworthy. 4．What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A．The practices on public transport in some countries. B．The economic benefits of the program. C．The program’s great benefits to health. D．The popularity of the climate ticket. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了西班牙推出的一项新计划，即年底前大部分火车旅行将免费，并分析了这一政策对旅游业、生活成本以及环境等方面的影响。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“As well as being much better for the environment than air travel, sitting on a train and watching the countryside slip by is the perfect way to get to know a country.(坐火车不仅比坐飞机更环保，而且坐在火车上看着乡村景色从身边掠过也是了解一个国家的最佳方式。)”可知，坐火车旅行比乘飞机旅行对环境更有益，坐在火车上看着乡村景色滑过是了解一个国家的完美方式。因此可以推断出这个计划对环境是有益的。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Under Spain’s new program, all short and medium train rides are free—with the right ticket—providing the perfect opportunity to see Catalonia, Andalucia and the Basque Country. Tourists can take advantage of the discounts, which have been brought in to help the population deal with the cost of living crisis, if they buy multi-journey tickets.(根据西班牙的新计划，所有的中短途火车都是免费的——只要你买对了票——这是游览加泰罗尼亚、安达卢西亚和巴斯克地区的绝佳机会。如果游客购买多程票，他们可以利用折扣，这是为了帮助人们应对生活成本危机而引入的。)”可推断，西班牙的新计划是为了让人们能够零成本乘坐火车，这对于旅游业来说是一个巨大的推动。此外，文章中明确提到这一计划是为了帮助人们应对生活成本危机。因此，这个计划的主要目的是促进旅游业和造福西班牙人民，故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“The UK government has not announced any plans to encourage the use of trains, despite the seriousness of the climate crisis and the damage petrol and diesel cars cause. Instead, the government cut fuel duty by 5% in March for 12 months, encouraging more people to get behind the wheel.(尽管气候危机的严重性和汽油柴油车造成的破坏，英国政府并没有宣布任何鼓励使用火车的计划。相反，政府在3月份将燃油税降低了5%，为期12个月，鼓励更多人开车上路。)”可知，作者认为英国政府的做法是不明智的，因为它没有采取措施鼓励使用更环保的交通工具，而是鼓励人们继续使用汽车，从而加剧环境问题。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段内容“Spain joins Germany in cutting the price of public transport, with the latter country launching a ticket costing €9 which gives a full month of travel from June until the end of August. Austria has started offering a climate ticket, which allows people to complete journeys for just €3. When it was first launched last year, the popularity of the ticket almost caused its website to crash. The UK government has not announced any plans to encourage the use of trains, despite the seriousness of the climate crisis and the damage petrol and diesel cars cause.(西班牙加入了德国的行列，开始降低公共交通价格，德国推出了一张9欧元的车票，从6月到8月底可以坐一个月的车。奥地利已经开始提供气候票，人们只需花3欧元就能完成旅程。去年该票首次推出时，其受欢迎程度几乎导致其网站崩溃。尽管气候危机严重，汽油和柴油汽车造成的破坏也很严重，但英国政府尚未宣布任何鼓励使用火车的计划。)”可知，最后一段主要描述了德国、奥地利和英国在公共交通方面的做法，德国推出了9欧元的月票，奥地利提供了气候票，而英国政府没有宣布任何鼓励使用火车的计划，反而降低了燃油税。因此，该段的主要内容是关于一些国家在公共交通方面的实践。故选A。 Passage 2 难度⭐⭐⭐ A set of photos of a boy carrying his tennis rackets in a bamboo basket has gone viral (走红). The boy, Wang Fa, 14, is a member of the Va ethnic group (佤族) from Yunnan. After wining the under-14 title (冠军) in the Guangzhou stop of the 2022 ASICS Tennis Junior Tour, an audience member from Yunnan gave him the bamboo basket as a gift and the photos were taken. “We always carry bamboo baskets when we work in the field. This is a typical farming tool of the Va ethnic group. I carried my rackets in this basket to honor my hometown,” Wang said after the match. Before tennis, Wang was just an ordinary boy from a village. But in 2016, he was chosen by a local club as one of the first 10 local children to learn to play professional tennis, “I was nervous at the beginning because the outside world was so different from my home,” he said, adding that tennis has helped him make more friends and get a better education. Over the past six years, Wang, along with other players at the Yunnan Wild Elephants Tennis Club, has trained hard to improve his skills and physical strength. The children would get up at 6:30 a.m, and practice for more than six hours a day, Every day, they need to swing a racket more than 7,000 times and run 9 kilometers. “If it were not for tennis, I would still be helping out my family with farmwork back home,” Wang said. Wang’s parents didn’t want him to learn tennis at first because they couldn’t afford it. But the tennis club offered to teach him for free. Wang’s hometown, the mountainous Cangyuan Va autceomous county, was just lifted out of poverty (脱贫) in 2019, reported China Daily. For Wang, winning the ASICS Tennis Junior Tour title was the beginning of a hopeful future. “I will aim for the top spots (位置) on the professional stage,” he said. 1．Where did Wang Fa get the bamboo basket in the photos? A．His parents gave it to him to carry rackets. B．It was the one that he used to do farmwork. C．It was a prize from the competition. D．One game audience member gave it to him. 2．Paragraph 3 is written to ________. A．describe Wang’s life in the club B．show how Wang’s life has changed C．explain why Wang chose this activity D．present Wang’s talents in his young age 3．What can we learn from Wang’s words in Paragraph 5? A．He thinks that the training is tiring. B．He is thankful for joining the tennis club. C．Competition is serious in the tennis club. D．He likes doing farmwork more than playing tennis. 4．What do we know about Wang Fa? A．He is hopeful about his future. B．He helped his family out of poverty. C．His parents don’t support his dream. D．He needs to make more money for the club. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．B 4．A 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要说明了14岁的佤族少年王发获得2022年ASICS青少年网球巡回赛广州站14岁以下冠军，介绍了他的个人经历和未来的目标。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“After wining the under-14 title (冠军) in the Guangzhou stop of the 2022 ASICS Tennis Junior Tour, an audience member from Yunnan gave him the bamboo basket as a gift and the photos were taken.(在获得2022年ASICS青少年网球巡回赛广州站14岁以下冠军后，一位来自云南的观众将竹篮作为礼物送给了他，并拍摄了照片)”可知，照片中的竹篮是一个游戏观众给他的。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“Before tennis, Wang was just an ordinary boy from a village. But in 2016, he was chosen by a local club as one of the first 10 local children to learn to play professional tennis, “I was nervous at the beginning because the outside world was so different from my home,” he said, adding that tennis has helped him make more friends and get a better education.(在打网球之前，王只是一个来自农村的普通男孩。但在2016年，他被当地一家俱乐部选为当地首批10名学习职业网球的孩子之一。“一开始我很紧张，因为外面的世界和我的家太不一样了，”他说，并补充说网球帮助他结交了更多的朋友，接受了更好的教育)”可知，第三段主要为了展示王的生活发生了怎样的变化。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段““If it were not for tennis, I would still be helping out my family with farmwork back home,” Wang said.(王说：“如果不是打网球，我可能还在家里帮忙干农活。”)”可知，王很感激加入了网球俱乐部。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“For Wang, winning the ASICS Tennis Junior Tour title was the beginning of a hopeful future.(对王来说，赢得ASICS青少年巡回赛冠军是一个充满希望的未来的开始)”可知，王对未来充满希望。故选A。 Passage 3 难度⭐⭐⭐ A new study finds that getting a family dog is linked with a big jump in physical activity in younger kids — especially in young girls. In the study, Australian researchers followed 600 children over a three-year period, starting at preschool age. They tracked the kids’ physical activity and surveyed parents about their children’s activities — and whether they had a family dog. Half of the children didn’t have a dog. About 204 kids had a dog the entire time, while 58 kids got a dog during the study period — and sadly, 31 kids lost a dog. Both boys and girls in the study engaged more frequently in activities like dog walking and playing in the yard after getting a dog. But the impact was pronounced in girls in particular. It showed that adding a dog to the household increased young girls’ physical activity by 52 minutes a day — or almost an hour. In contrast, girls whose dog died during the study saw a big drop in their daily physical activity — by 62 minutes a day. Katie Potter, a professor at the University of Massachusetts Amherst, who led the study notes that while the body of research is limited, other studies have also suggested that dogs may have a bit more of an impact on girls’ activity levels. “We’re not sure why — if it’s something about how girls and boys differently communicate with or connect with their dogs. So we certainly want to learn more about this,” Potter says. Studies show girls experience a bigger drop in physical activity as they get older than boys do. “If researchers can find ways to use dogs to get — and keep — girls moving more, that could have a real impact on public health.” Dogs are a big responsibility, and owning one is not for everyone. But for dog lovers, welcoming a furry friend into the family could have many benefits. “There’s just something about the connection between humans and animals that I think people just can’t get enough of,” Potter says. 1．How does the study get its finding according to the passage? A．By comparing boys’ school activities with girls. B．By tracking kids’ long-term physical activity levels. C．By studying the number of owning dogs in children. D．By observing the relationship between kids and dogs. 2．What does the underlined word “pronounced” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Noticeable. B．Accessible. C．Measurable. D．Reliable. 3．What does professor Potter suggest about the dog ownership? A．It can reduce girls’ physical activity as they get older. B．It can help drive girls to be more physically active. C．It would help strengthen boys’ sense of responsibility. D．It would make more and more girls ready to buy dogs. 4．Why do the researchers make the study according to professor Potter? A．To encourage more families to adopt dogs as pets. B．To understand the effect of dogs on public health. C．To figure out the different effects on boys and girls. D．To prove that dogs are important for physical well-being. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新的研究发现，家里养狗能够增加小孩子的体育活动量,尤其是小女孩的体育活动量，这对孩子们的健康有着很大影响。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“In the study, Australian researchers followed 600 children over a three-year period, starting at preschool age. They tracked the kids’ physical activity and surveyed parents about their children’s activities — and whether they had a family dog. (在这项研究中，澳大利亚的研究人员对600名儿童进行了为期三年的跟踪调查，从学龄前开始。他们追踪了孩子们的身体活动，并向父母们调查了孩子的活动，以及他们是否养了一只狗)”可知，这项研究通过跟踪孩子们的长期身体活动水平得出结论。故选B项。 2．词句猜测题。根据画线词所在句的下文“It showed that adding a dog to the household increased young girls’ physical activity by 52 minutes a day — or almost an hour. In contrast, girls whose dog died during the study saw a big drop in their daily physical activity — by 62 minutes a day. (研究表明，家里养狗会使年轻女孩每天的运动量增加52分钟，差不多一个小时。相比之下，在研究期间狗死了的女孩，她们的日常体育活动大幅减少——每天减少62分钟)”可知，此处具体说明家里养狗会使年轻女孩每天的运动量大幅增加，没有狗的话，她们的运动量则会大幅减少。由此推知，这种影响在女孩身上尤其明显，画线词意思应该是“明显的，显著的”，与Noticeable意思一致。故选A项。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Katie Potter, a professor at the University of Massachusetts Amherst, who led the study notes that while the body of research is limited, other studies have also suggested that dogs may have a bit more of an impact on girls’ activity levels. (领导这项研究的马萨诸塞大学阿默斯特分校教授Katie Potter指出，虽然研究的主体有限，但其他研究也表明，狗对女孩的活动水平可能有更大的影响)”可知，Potter教授认为，养狗可以帮助女孩们更积极地锻炼身体。故选B项。 4．推理判断题。根据第四段中Potter教授所说的话“If researchers can find ways to use dogs to get — and keep — girls moving more, that could have a real impact on public health. (如果研究人员能找到利用狗让女孩多运动的方法，这可能会对公众健康产生真正的影响)”可推知，在Potter教授看来，研究人员进行这项研究是为了了解狗对公众健康的影响。故选B项。 Passage 4 难度⭐⭐⭐ Terry Eugene Bollea, also known as Hulk Hogan, has inspired people for a very long time. Born on August 11, 1953, in Georgia, Hogan had a destiny that aimed for the stars. Terry always had an interest in wrestling, and he further developed the passion during high school. He gained his education at the Hillsborough Community College and then later on from the University of South Florida. In order to pursue his goal, Hulk joined the local gym which was owned by brothers Jack and Jerry Brisco. Astonished by his performance, the brothers motivated him to perform even further. It was in 1979 when his hard work paid off and he was noticed by Vincent McMahon — the promoter of the World Wrestling Federation. McMahon gave Terry a chance to join the WWF and he accepted it. Because of his huge physique and unbelievable similarity to the Marvel Comics character “Hulk”, he took the advice of McMahon and adopted the stage name of Hulk Hogan. To test his flexibility and strength, Hulk Hogan was pitted against (对决) Andre the Giant in 1980. Hogan won the match, alongside the hearts of fans all over the country. It is after this match that he caught the attention of Sylvester Stallone, who actually cast him in his movie Rocky 3. During his career, he became a world champion more than 12 times and earned exhilarating (令人兴奋的) fame for himself. He also starred in many movies and TV shows including his own TV show — Hogan Knows Best. Currently, Netflix is planning to release a biopic (传记) movie of Hulk Hogan starring Chris Hemsworth. Hulk Hogan is America’s most recognized wrestler, and it took him a lot of time and hard work to be in that position. He attained such a crazy fan following known as “Hulkamania” in so little time. Hogan is one of the legendary American Icons now. He also won 12 world titles. Six of them were with World Championship Wrestling and the other six were with World Wrestling Entertainment. 1．Why did Terry adopt “Hulk” as his stage name? A．McMahon ordered him to do so. B．For his high similarity with the character. C．For his superb performance in wrestling. D．He was crazy about the Marvel Comics. 2．What was the impact of the match between Hulk and Andre? A．Hulk became as popular as Stallone. B．Hulk successfully took Andre’s place. C．Hulk was appreciated and given a chance. D．Hulk received gifts from all over the country. 3．What is the author’s purpose of writing paragraph 4? A．To show Hulk’s great achievements. B．To tell Hulk have earned countless money. C．To promote Hulk’s movies and TV shows. D．To call for making a biopic movie for Hulk. 4．What can we know about Hulk’s success? A．His crazy fans aid in his success. B．He’s the best wrestler in the world. C．It is his appearance that really matters. D．He’s won titles in many wrestling matches. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Hulk Hogan的职业生涯和他所获得的成就以及他花了大量的时间和精力成为一名传奇偶像的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据文章中第二段中的“Because of his huge physique and unbelievable similarity to the Marvel Comics character “Hulk”, he took the advice of McMahon and adopted the stage name of Hulk Hogan.(由于他体型庞大，与Marvel Comics中的“Hulk”惊人地相似，他接受了McMahon的建议，并采用了“Hulk Hogan”的艺名。)”可知，Terry的体格魁梧，与角色“Hulk”有着巨大的相似性，于是他听从建议使用这一艺名。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“Hogan won the match, alongside the hearts of fans all over the country. It is after this match that he caught the attention of Sylvester Stallone, who actually cast him in his movie Rocky 3.(Hogan赢得了这场比赛，赢得了全国球迷的心。正是在这场比赛之后，他引起了Sylvester Stallone的注意，并让他出演了电影《Rocky 3》。)”可知，比赛之后他引起了Sylvester Stallone的注意并出演了电影，即他被认可并得到了机会。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“During his career, he became a world champion more than 12 times and earned exhilarating (令人兴奋的) fame for himself. He also starred in many movies and TV shows including his own TV show — Hogan Knows Best. Currently, Netflix is planning to release a biopic (传记) movie of Hulk Hogan starring Chris Hemsworth. (在他的职业生涯中，他超过12次获得世界冠军，并为自己赢得了令人振奋的名声。他还出演了许多电影和电视节目，包括他自己的电视节目——《Hogan Knows Best》。目前，Netflix计划推出Chris Hemsworth主演的传记电影《Hulk Hogan》。)”可知，第四段介绍的是Hogan的奖项和作品等，可以推出作者的意图是展示Hogan惊人的成就。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“He also won 12 world titles. Six of them were with World Championship Wrestling and the other six were with World Wrestling Entertainment.(他还赢得了12个世界冠军。其中六个来自世界摔跤锦标赛，另外六个来自世界摔跤娱乐公司。)”可知，他赢得了许多摔跤比赛的冠军。故选D。 Passage 5 难度⭐⭐⭐ The rise of body neutrality You define (定义) beauty yourself. You are more than a number in measurement. Love yourself the way you are. Body positive messages like theses seem to be everywhere from social media to TV advertisements. Body positivity’s aim to boost acceptance and appreciation of a variety of body types and sizes may explain why it has such a broad appeal. While some find the body positivity movement to be helpful, others have begun calling the movement toxic and suggesting it may be time to move on from this way of thinking. More recently, people have voiced concerns. Some feel that the focus on loving your looks actually strengthens society’s stress on appearance over other values. Much body positivity content in advertisements may bring a stereotype (刻板印象) to viewers because it does little to challenge the hidden assumption that people are valued mainly for their appearance. Therefore, the movement still encourages people to be graceful and engage in beauty practices from head to toe. And if you fail to be body positive, it’s you that are at fault. Many are now moving away from the body positivity movement and the pressures that come from it entirely, and instead are getting behind the body neutrality (中立) movement. Instead of focusing on physical appearance, body neutrality is a profound idea that we can exist without having to think too much about our bodies. We are all more than just our bodies. We are complicated beings with a range of emotions and feelings about our bodies. And because body neutrality de-emphasizes (不强调) the focus on appearance, it motivates us to better acknowledge all the things our bodies are able to do. Being grateful for being able to take up your hobbies and appreciating your body for what it’s capable of doing are both examples of body neutrality. Body neutrality can be beneficial to us. It is associated with the positive body image and mental well-being. The good news is that there are many ways you can develop body neutrality, including writing-based treatment, yoga and spending time in nature. 1．What does the underlined word “toxic” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Inspiring. B．Dangerous. C．Influential. D．Useless. 2．Why is body positivity criticised? A．It upsets overweight people. B．It overstates the role of advertising. C．It attracts too much attention to appearance. D．It challenges the traditional standards of beauty. 3．Which statement would supporters of body neutrality probably agree with? A．Keep fit and you will be confident. B．Accept the imperfection of your body. C．Appreciate your abilities instead of your body. D．Treasure your appearance rather than other values. 4．What is the structure of the text? A．①②/③④/⑤/⑥ B．①/②③/④⑤⑥ C．①/②/③/④⑤/⑥ D．①②/③/④⑤/⑥ 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人们针对美定义所发起的两种运动：身体积极运动和身体中立运动。 1．词义猜测题。根据第二段划线部分前的让步状语从句“While some find the body positivity movement to be helpful”（尽管有些人发现身体积极运动是有帮助的）和空后的“suggesting it may be time to move on from this way of thinking”（并建议是时候改变这种思维方式了）可知，身体积极运动有些人认为是有益的，但是有些人认为是有危害的，应该改变，因此可知，B项dangerous意为“危害”，和toxic意思相近，符合句意。故选B项。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“Therefore, the movement still encourages people to be graceful and engage in beauty practices from head to toe. And if you fail to be body positive, it’s you that are at fault.”（因此，该运动仍然鼓励人们保持优雅，从头到脚进行美容练习。如果你对身体没有积极态度，那就是你的错。）可知，身体积极运动被批判的原因是它太注重外表了。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。根据第五段“And because body neutrality de-emphasizes (不强调) the focus on appearance, it motivates us to better acknowledge all the things our bodies are able to do. Being grateful for being able to take up your hobbies and appreciating your body for what it’s capable of doing are both examples of body neutrality.”（因为身体中性不强调对外表的关注，它促使我们更好地承认我们身体能做的所有事情。感激你有能力从事你的爱好，欣赏你的身体所能做的事情，这都是身体中立的例子。）可知，身体中立的支持者可能会同意的说法是欣赏你的能力而不是你的身体。故选C项。 4．推理判断题。根据第一段“Body positive messages like theses seem to be everywhere from social media to TV advertisements.”（从社交媒体到电视广告，这样的身体积极信息似乎无处不在。）及第二段“Body positivity’s aim to boost acceptance and appreciation of a variety of body types and sizes may explain why it has such a broad appeal.”（“身体积极”的目的是提高人们对各种体型和身材的接受和欣赏，这也许可以解释为什么它具有如此广泛的吸引力。）可知，第一段引出身体积极运动，第二段介绍了身体积极运动的内容，根据第三段“More recently, people have voiced concerns.”（最近，人们表达了担忧。）可知，第三段指出了身体积极运动遭到人们的质疑，为接下来引出身体中立运动的观点作铺垫，根据第四段“Many are now moving away from the body positivity movement and the pressures that come from it entirely, and instead are getting behind the body neutrality (中立) movement.”（现在很多人都在远离积极身体运动和由此带来的压力，转而支持身体中立运动。）及第五段“And because body neutrality de-emphasizes (不强调) the focus on appearance, it motivates us to better acknowledge all the things our bodies are able to do.”（因为身体中性不强调对外表的关注，它促使我们更好地承认我们身体能做的所有事情。）可知，第四和第五段主要介绍了身体中立运动的观点，第六段“Body neutrality can be beneficial to us.”（身体中立可能对我们有益。）可知，第六段主要介绍了身体中立运动的益处，故文章结构为①②/③/④⑤/⑥。故选D项。 $$