Unit3 完形阅读精练（知识&题型大冲关）-2024-2025学年高一英语上学期知识&题型大冲关（人教版2019必修第一册）

Unit 3 完形填空练习 目录 精练篇 1 passage 1 1 基础篇 8 Passage 1 8 Passage 2 9 Passage 3 10 拔高篇 11 Passage 1 11 Passage 2 13 Passage 3 14 Passage 4 15 Passage 5 16 精练篇 passage 1 No Guts, No Glory? The Fear and Attraction of Risky Winter Sports 难度⭐⭐⭐ Once I went flying off the side of a mountain on skis. Certainly, I didn’t mean to. Before I 1 the ground, there was a surprising amount of time for reflection—and more on the long painful journey down to the ambulance. The Winter Olympics are here, and I’ll be astonished with my heart in my mouth, watching ski-jumping and people hurtling downhill at 2 speed one way and another. But why are we so attracted to doing, watching and glamorizing dangerous activity? Is it really the thrill (兴奋) of the adrenaline (肾上腺素) rush? I hate that part when I take a big risk of any kind. It 3 out I’m not the only one. The popular “thrill-seeker” explanation put forward by Marvin Zuckerman and others that sensation seeking is a basic personality trait has been strongly 4 . Thrill-seeking is common in the young, especially young males. Many pay a high 5 for it. But our relationship with fear, courage and risk-taking is 6 . Eric Brymer and Robert Schweitzer asked people who had been doing an extreme sport for many years, to reflect   7 on the experience. For these people, it wasn’t that they didn’t feel fear, or that they were attracted to the feeling of fear. They saw fear as an important tool to 8 danger—and working through it was a transformative experience. Part of the reward was the sense of one-ness with nature that lay beyond the 9 . For me, reading what the research participants said was 10 and there was a lot that was easy to relate to. 11 , it seemed as though they believed they were only taking on risks over which they could prevail (战胜). Presumably, many of the people who are severely injured thought so too. I wonder if many who draw the short 12 regret it? I have an almost total lack of mastery of winter sports. The contrast between my enthusiasm and lack of skill   13 the somewhat spectacular accident at the start of this post. But just what kind of risks are we talking about with winter sports more commonly? For example, Brian Chaze and Patrick McDonald gathered published data on head injuries in winter sports. They advocated 14 use for sledding and skating as well. Children who hurt their heads sledding need hospitalization twice as much as for head injuries in other sports. Helmets aren’t used much, though. Perhaps the best 15 from watching the winter Olympians is not the glamour of their risk-taking, but the way they rock those helmets. 1．A．left B．hit C．flew D．lost 2．A．short-lived B．mind-numbing C．break-neck D．long-drawn-out 3．A．turns B．hangs C．takes D．bursts 4．A．applauded B．prohibited C．recommended D．challenged 5．A．interest B．respect C．priority D．price 6．A．simple B．straightforward C．complicated D．close 7．A．swiftly B．deeply C．intensely D．temporarily 8．A．identify B．dread C．treasure D．conduct 9．A．experience B．society C．fear D．environment 10．A．enlightening B．distressing C．entertaining D．confusing 11．A．Hence B．Furthermore C．Rather D．However 12．A．scene B．picture C．odds D．straw 13．A．stands for B．accounts for C．checks out D．points out 14．A．belt B．helmet C．protection D．blade 15．A．take-away B．carry-out C．take-off D．try-out 词汇积累 1. go flying off 释义：飞离；突然飞出。 示例：The book went flying off the shelf when the earthquake hit.（地震发生时，书从架子上飞了出去。） 2. hit the ground 释义：着地；落地。 示例：The ball hit the ground with a thud.（球砰的一声落在地上。） 3. be astonished with 释义：对…… 感到惊讶。 示例：She was astonished with his sudden appearance.（她对他的突然出现感到惊讶。） 4. one way and another 释义：以各种方式；无论如何。 示例：We'll find a solution one way and another.（我们无论如何都会找到一个解决办法。） 5. attract to doing 释义：吸引去做某事。 示例：The beautiful scenery attracts people to taking photos.（美丽的风景吸引人们去拍照。） 6. glamorize 释义：vt. 美化；使有魅力；使迷人。 示例：The movie glamorizes the life of a spy.（这部电影美化了间谍的生活。） 7. thrill 释义：n. 激动；震颤；刺激；vt. 使激动；使兴奋。 示例：The roller coaster gave her a thrill.（过山车让她很兴奋。）；be thrilled by the news（因消息而激动）。 8. take a big risk of 释义：冒很大的…… 风险。 示例：He took a big risk of losing all his money by investing in that project.（他冒着失去所有钱的巨大风险投资那个项目。） 9. turn out 释义：结果是；原来是；生产；制造。 示例：The party turned out to be a great success.（聚会结果非常成功。）；The factory turns out thousands of cars every month.（这家工厂每月生产数千辆汽车。） 10. put forward 释义：提出；推荐；把…… 提前。 示例：He put forward a new idea at the meeting.（他在会议上提出了一个新想法。） 11. pay a high price for 释义：为…… 付出高昂代价。 示例：We pay a high price for our mistakes.（我们为自己的错误付出了高昂的代价。） 12. reflect deeply on 释义：深刻反思。 示例：We should reflect deeply on our actions.（我们应该深刻反思我们的行为。） 13. transformative 释义：adj. 有改革能力的；有变革作用的；起改造作用的。 示例：A transformative education can change a person's life.（有变革作用的教育可以改变一个人的生活。） 14. lay beyond 释义：位于…… 之外；超出…… 范围。 示例：The answer may lay beyond our current understanding.（答案可能超出我们目前的理解范围。） 15. enlightening 释义：adj. 有启发性的；使人领悟的。 示例：The lecture was very enlightening.（这场讲座很有启发性。） 16. relate to 释义：与…… 有关；涉及；理解。 示例：This issue relates to everyone's interests.（这个问题涉及每个人的利益。）；I can relate to your feelings.（我能理解你的感受。） 17. furthermore 释义：adv. 此外；而且。 示例：He is intelligent. Furthermore, he is hardworking.（他很聪明。此外，他还很勤奋。） 18. prevail 释义：vi. 盛行；流行；战胜；占优势。 示例：Justice will prevail.（正义终将获胜。）；This style prevails in fashion this year.（这种风格在今年的时尚界很流行。） 19. presumably 释义：adv. 大概；可能；据推测。 示例：He is presumably at home.（他大概在家。） 20. spectacular 释义：adj. 壮观的；惊人的；引人注目的。 示例：a spectacular fireworks display（壮观的烟花表演）。 21. glamour 释义：n. 魅力；迷人的美；魔法。 示例：The movie star has a lot of glamour.（这位电影明星很有魅力。） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 长难句分析 【1】Before I hit the ground, there was a surprising amount of time for reflection—and more on the long painful journey down to the ambulance. 译文 在我摔到地上之前，有一段令人惊讶的反思时间 —— 更多的是在前往救护车的漫长痛苦旅程中。 分析 “Before I hit the ground” 是时间状语从句，表示 “在我摔到地上之前”。“there was a surprising amount of time for reflection” 是主句，“there be” 句型表示 “有”，“a surprising amount of” 表示 “大量令人惊讶的”，“reflection” 是 “反思”。“and more on the long painful journey down to the ambulance”是补充说明，“more” 指代更多的反思，“down to the ambulance” 表示 “前往救护车”。 【2】The popular “thrill-seeker” explanation put forward by Marvin Zuckerman and others that sensation seeking is a basic personality trait has been strongly challenged. 译文 马文祖克曼（Marvin Zuckerman）等人提出的流行的 “寻求刺激者” 解释，即寻求刺激感是一种基本的人格特质，已经受到了强烈的挑战。 分析 “The popular ‘thrill-seeker’ explanation put forward by Marvin Zuckerman and others” 是主语，其中 “put forward by Marvin Zuckerman and others” 是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰 “explanation”。“that sensation seeking is a basic personality trait” 是同位语从句，对 “explanation” 的内容进行解释说明。“has been strongly challenged” 是谓语部分，使用了现在完成时的被动语态，表示 “已经受到强烈挑战”。 【3】The contrast between my enthusiasm and lack of skill accounts for the somewhat spectacular accident at the start of this post. 译文 我的热情和缺乏技巧之间的对比导致了这篇文章开头那个有点惊人的事故。 分析 “The contrast between my enthusiasm and lack of skill” 是主语，其中 “between my enthusiasm and lack of skill” 是介词短语作后置定语，修饰 “contrast” ，表示 “我热情和缺乏技巧之间的对比”。“accounts for” 是谓语动词短语，意思是 “导致；解释”。“the somewhat spectacular accident” 是宾语，“somewhat” 表示 “有点；稍微”，“spectacular” 表示 “惊人的；壮观的”。“at the start of this post” 是介词短语作后置定语，修饰 “accident” ，表示 “在这篇文章开头的”。 翻译练习 1. 他对这次惊人的发现感到十分震惊。(be astonished with) 2. 精彩的广告吸引他去尝试新的产品。(attract to doing) 3. 为了实现梦想，他冒了很大的风险去创业。(take a big risk of) 4. 结果证明，他的预测是完全正确的。(turn out) 5. 他为自己的错误行为付出了高昂的代价。(pay a high price for) 6. 经历这次挫折后，他深刻反思了自己的人生。(reflect deeply on) 7. 正义最终会在社会中盛行。(prevail) 答案解析 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．D 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．A 11．D 12．D 13．B 14．B 15．A 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章论述了为什么有人喜欢寻求危险冬季运动的刺激，还探究了危险冬季运动的恐惧和吸引力之间的关系，作者认为此类运动危险，人们应该带头盔。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我落地之前，有一段令人惊讶的时间来反思，在漫长而痛苦的救护车抵达路上还有更多的时间来反思。A. left离开；B. hit碰撞、到达；C. flew飞；D. lost失去。由上文的“Once I went flying off the side of a mountain on skis. (有一次我踩着滑雪板从山上飞下来)”和“the ground”可知，踩着滑雪板从山上飞下来的作者要到达地面了，即落地。故选B项。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：冬奥会就在这里，看着跳台滑雪和人们以危险的速度猛冲下山，我会惊讶于自己吓得心脏都要跳出来了。A. short-lived短暂的；B. mind-numbing令人厌烦的；C. break-neck危险的；D. long-drawn-out拖长的。呼应上文的“hurtling downhill (猛冲/飞驰下山)”和下文的“But why are we so attracted to doing, watching and glamorizing dangerous activity?(但为什么我们如此热衷于从事、观看和美化危险活动？)”可知，跳台滑雪速度极快，是很危险的速度。故选C项。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实证明我不是唯一一个。A. turns转变；B. hangs悬挂；C. takes花费；D. bursts爆发出。由上文的“Is it really the thrill (兴奋) of the adrenaline (肾上腺素) rush? I hate that part when I take a big risk of any kind. (这真的是肾上腺素飙升的刺激吗？当我冒任何风险的时候，我都讨厌这一部分)”可知作者不喜欢危险冬季运动的刺激，再根据下文的“Eric Brymer and Robert Schweitzer asked people who had been doing an extreme sport for many years, to reflect　　7　　 on the experience. (Eric Brymer和Robert Schweitzer要求从事极限运动多年的人……反思自己的经历)”可知Eric Brymer和Robert Schweitzer也不赞成进行危险冬季运动，可得出事实证明作者不是唯一一个不喜欢危险冬季运动的人，It turns out…(结果发现、结果是)。故选A项。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意： Marvin Zuckerman和其他人提出的“寻求刺激者”的流行解释，即寻求感觉是一种基本的人格特征，受到了强烈的挑战。A. applauded鼓掌；B. prohibited禁止；C. recommended建议；D. challenged挑战。由上文的“Is it really the thrill (兴奋) of the adrenaline (肾上腺素) rush? I hate that part when I take a big risk of any kind. (这真的是肾上腺素飙升的刺激吗？当我冒任何风险的时候，我都讨厌这一部分)”和下文的“Eric Brymer and Robert Schweitzer asked people who had been doing an extreme sport for many years, to reflect 　　7　　 on the experience. (Eric Brymer和Robert Schweitzer要求从事极限运动多年的人……反思自己的经历)”可知，作者不是唯一一个不喜欢危险冬季运动的人，说明Marvin Zuckerman和其他人提出的“寻求刺激者”的说法受到了挑战。故选D项。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多人为此付出了高昂的代价。A. interest兴趣；B. respect尊重；C. priority优先权；D. price代价。由下文的“Presumably, many of the people who are severely injured thought so too. (想必很多受重伤的人也这么认为)”和“Children who hurt their heads sledding need hospitalization twice as much as for head injuries in other sports. Helmets aren’t used much, though. (在雪橇上头部受伤的儿童需要住院治疗的时间是其他运动中头部受伤的两倍)”可知，为了寻求刺激，危险冬季活动可能会让人为此付出高昂的代价——受重伤。故选D项。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我们与恐惧、勇气和冒险的关系是复杂的。A. simple简单的；B. straightforward直接的；C. complicated复杂的；D. close接近的。由下文的“For these people, it wasn’t that they didn’t feel fear, or that they were attracted to the feeling of fear. They saw fear as an important tool (对这些人来说，并不是他们不感到恐惧，或者他们被恐惧的感觉所吸引。他们认为恐惧是重要工具)”和“and working through it was a transformative experience. Part of the reward was the sense of one-ness with nature that lay (克服恐惧是一种变革性的经历。回报的一部分是超越恐惧的与自然融为一体的感觉)”可知，作者不喜欢危险冬季运动的刺激，但喜欢寻求刺激者认为恐惧、勇气和冒险是有好处的，其间关系很复杂。故选C项。 7．考查副词词义辨析。句意：Eric Brymer和Robert Schweitzer要求从事极限运动多年的人深刻反思自己的经历。A. swiftly快速地；B. deeply深刻地；C. intensely紧张地；D. temporarily暂时地。由本处的“reflect 　　7　　 on the experience”可知，Eric Brymer和Robert Schweitzer也不赞成进行危险冬季运动，所以要求从事极限运动多年的人深刻反思自己的经历。故选B项。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们认为恐惧是识别危险的重要工具，克服恐惧是一种变革性的经历。A. identify识别；B. dread畏惧；C. treasure珍视；D. conduct实施。由下文的“and working through it was a transformative experience (克服恐惧是一种变革性的经历)”可知，克服恐惧的前提是要识别出恐惧。故选A项。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：回报的一部分是超越恐惧的与自然融为一体的感觉。A. experience经验；B. society社会；C. fear恐惧；D. environment环境。由上文的“They saw fear as an important tool to 　　8　　 danger—and working through it was a transformative experience.(他们认为恐惧是识别危险的重要工具，克服恐惧是一种变革性的经历)”可知，该句讲克服恐惧的好处，即超越恐惧，体验与自然融为一体的感觉。故选C项。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，阅读研究参与者所说的话很有启发性，其中有很多内容很容易理解。A. enlightening富有启发性的；B. distressing令人苦恼的；C. entertaining娱乐的；D. confusing令人困惑的。由下文的“there was a lot that was easy to relate to (其中有很多内容很容易理解)”可知，研究参与者所说的话很容易理解，对作者思考危险冬季运动很有启发性。故选A项。 11．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，他们似乎认为自己只是在承担可以战胜的风险。A. Hence因此；B. Furthermore此外；C. Rather相当地；D. However然而。由上文讲“作者不赞成危险冬季运动”和下文“it seemed as though they believed they were only taking on risks over which they could prevail (战胜). Presumably, many of the people who are severely injured thought so too. (他们似乎认为自己只是在承担可以战胜的风险。想必很多受重伤的人也这么认为)”讲一些人认为可以战胜风险而继续进行危险冬季运动可知，作者与下文的观点相反，用However。故选D项。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想知道，许多抽中下下签的人会不会后悔呢？A. scene场景；B. picture图画；C. odds可能性；D. straw稻草。由上文的“Presumably, many of the people who are severely injured thought so too.(想必很多受重伤的人也这么认为)”可知，诸如危险冬季运动的极限运动可能会让人重伤，所以作者想知道这些抽中下下签的人（即倒霉重伤的人）会不会后悔，draw the short straw (抽中下下签)。故选D项。 13．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的热情和缺乏技能之间的反差，解释了这篇文章开头的一个有点惊人的意外。A. stands for代表；B. accounts for导致、解释；C. checks out结账离开；D. points out指出。由上文的“Once I went flying off the side of a mountain on skis. (有一次我踩着滑雪板从山上飞下来)”和“The contrast between my enthusiasm and lack of skill”可知，作者的热情和缺乏技能之间的反差，解释了文章开头作者出现的意外。故选B项。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们还提倡在雪橇和滑冰时使用头盔。A. belt腰带；B. helmet头盔；C. protection保护；D. blade刀片。由上文的“For example, Brian Chaze and Patrick McDonald gathered published data on head injuries in winter sports. (例如，Brian Chaze和Patrick McDonald收集了冬季运动中头部受伤的公开数据)”可知，Brian Chaze和Patrick McDonald会提倡在雪橇和滑冰时使用头盔，以避免头部受伤，呼应下文的“Helmets”。故选B项。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：也许观看冬奥会选手的最佳收获不是他们冒险的魅力，而是他们挥舞头盔的方式。A. take-away有些收获；B. carry-out外卖的食物；C. take-off起飞；D. try-out试用。由上文的“Helmets aren’t used much, though. (不过头盔用得不多)”和下文的“from watching the winter Olympians is not the glamour of their risk-taking, but the way they rock those helmets”可知，人们还是不愿戴头盔，可得出此处讲观看冬奥会选手的最佳收获是看运动员们戴着头盔，这有好处。故选A项。 基础篇 Passage 1 Living a healthy life is essential for a happy and fulfilling life. It is important to adopt 1 habits that contribute to our physical and mental well-being. Eating a 2 and balanced diet is the first step towards maintaining good health. This means including a variety of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins in our daily meals. Regular exercise is 3 important for our overall health. Whether it’s jogging, swimming, or practicing yoga, finding an activity that we enjoy can make exercise more 4 . Not only does exercise help in maintaining a healthy weight, but it also boosts our 5 and lowers the risk of various diseases. In addition to a healthy 6 and regular exercise, it is crucial to get enough sleep. A lack of sleep can have negative effects on our 7 , concentration, and immune system. Aim for around 7-8 hours of sleep every night to feel refreshed and 8 every day. To maintain our mental well-being, it is also important to engage in activities that 9 stress. This could be practicing meditation, 10 a hobby, or spending quality time with loved ones. Taking care of our mental health is just as important as taking care of our physical health. Lastly, it is important to 11 bad habits that can negatively impact our health. Smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and excessive 12 intake are all examples of habits that should be avoided. These habits can increase the risk of various health issues and gradually lead to health 13 . In conclusion, living a healthy life requires a 14 of healthy diets, regular exercise, sufficient sleep, stress management, and avoiding harmful habits. By adopting these habits and making them a part of our daily 15 , we can improve our overall health and well-being. 1．A．flexible B．convenient C．helpful D．effective 2．A．diverse B．limited C．efficient D．positive 3．A．slightly B．equally C．definitely D．particularly 4．A．professional B．interesting C．challenging D．confusing 5．A．energy B．independence C．comfort D．behavior 6．A．nutrition B．pudding C．diet D．wine 7．A．sight B．reflection C．mood D．tension 8．A．concerned B．amazed C．inspired D．motivated 9．A．increase B．reduce C．recognize D．ignore 10．A．developing B．attracting C．exchanging D．admiring 11．A．contact B．recover C．appreciate D．quit 12．A．tea B．caffeine C．yogurt D．fruit 13．A．functions B．emergencies C．operations D．consequences 14．A．combination B．attitude C．contribution D．performance 15．A．resource B．technique C．desire D．routine Passage 2 Games and sports teach people a lot of useful skills, as well as helping them to 1 fit and healthy. Lots of people love team sports. They enjoy being a member of a team so they have the chance to 2 the matches and events. They also enjoy sharing the 3 , or failure, with others. While playing, people have to 4 each other, otherwise they can never win. At the same time, it is important to respect rules, because no game will work 5 everyone plays according to them. Team games also teach you that 6 is not the end of the world. You will always have another opportunity (机会) and you will be more successful against your competitors next time. 7 , there are many people who just don’t like team sports. They have to find other 8 to exercise. Perhaps they had a bad 9 with a kind of sport when they were younger. Maybe they feel embarrassed (尴尬的) because they think they’re not very 10 at a sport. They worry about disappointing (使失望) the rest of the team if they 11 badly. Team sports are 12 about competitions, and for some people, this is too 13 . So individual (个人的) activities are more suitable for them. 14 , during the COVID-19, many people exercise in their houses by following work-out (锻炼) videos posted online. Hundreds of free workouts are produced online every day, so you can have your own personal 15 without leaving your own house. Whether team sports or individual activities, always lead positive lives! 1．A．continue B．keep C．grow D．bring 2．A．take part in B．wait for C．apply for D．look up 3．A．score B．effort C．success D．result 4．A．become B．save C．support D．find 5．A．when B．unless C．if D．though 6．A．losing B．playing C．challenging D．winning 7．A．Therefore B．However C．Suddenly D．Lastly 8．A．places B．time C．space D．ways 9．A．experience B．information C．direction D．interest 10．A．excited B．strict C．poor D．good 11．A．order B．watch C．perform D．teach 12．A．seldom B．gradually C．usually D．completely 13．A．dangerous B．crazy C．careful D．stressful 14．A．At last B．In all C．Of course D．For example 15．A．trainer B．office C．taste D．computer Passage 3 I have heard that one is never too old to set another goal or to dream a new dream. 1 with my job, I found myself in a bar on the eve of my 30th birthday preparing to 2 the night away. Instead, I walked out at 11: 00 p.m., and just 3 running. I hadn’t run in the past decade, and that 4 I ran thirty miles. That single act forever 5 the course of my life. Another thing helped me to make the decision. My boss gave each of us a copy of Chicken Soup for the Soul and 6 us to read a story or two. I was 7 — this was not her favourite business book! Many of my colleagues would 8 the bars after a busy day at work. I started running as a way to 9 the pressure. But I also started reading. 10 enough, I found much in common between the two. Since walking out of that 11 on the eve of my 30th birthday, my life has been 12 changed. I decided to make my passion for running my job. I had no 13 how I was going to do this, but I just realised 14 I followed my heart and did what I loved, I could somehow make a success of it. If nothing else, I’d certainly be a lot 15 than if I continued going to work every day in a job I didn’t enjoy. 1. A．Satisfied B．Unhappy C．Impatient D．Surprised 2. A．spend B．drink C．throw D．drive 3. A．continued B．finished C．started D．enjoyed 4. A．holiday B．morning C．afternoon D．evening 5. A．changed B．decided C．created D．discovered 6. A．allowed B．encouraged C．forced D．prevented 7. A．delighted B．disappointed C．confused D．touched 8. A．got B．took C．had D．hit 9. A．deal with B．take over C．go over D．turn down 10. A．Strangely B．Interestingly C．Clearly D．Luckily 11. A．company B．restaurant C．bar D．hotel 12. A．formally B．completely C．suddenly D．naturally 13. A．decision B．belief C．hope D．idea 14. A．though B．because C．if D．unless 15. A．happier B．busier C．lonelier D．quicker 拔高篇 Passage 1 At 50, when a lot of people tend to step away from active sports, Pervin Batliwals started running. Today, at 69, Batliwala has completed all the six major 1 across the world. As a leader in Hindustan Unilever Lid, Bathwala would join other 2 for a run at the stadium (露天运动场) with coach Savio D’Souza, as part of the company’s initiative (倡议) to 3 staff wellbeing. On one such run, D’Souza asked her to 4 him to run on the road. “From that day on, I started running on the road.” she says. With several marathons done since that 5 match, Batliwala mixes running with swimming and other training to 6 strength and stamina (耐力). Before big 7 such as the 88-km Comrades Marath on in South Africa and 72-km Khardung La Challenge in Ladakb, she also monitors her diet. What remains constant is her never-say-never 8 . “However tired I am, I talk to myself and 9 myself to get to the 10 line.” she says. She’s a 11 person who’s always talking, joking and making noise while running, and other people, who may be a decade or two younger than her, 12 running with her. An inspiration to both young and old, she’s a firm believer that 13 is just a number and can’t 14 what one can do. A quote that she lives by goes: “We do not stop 15 because we grow old, we grow old because we stop exercising!” 1. A．courses B．marathons C．practices D．tasks 2. A．employees B．athletes C．friends D．reporters 3. A．harm B．ignore C．improve D．treasure 4. A．help B．invite C．persuade D．join 5. A．initial B．hard C．ordinary D．extra 6. A．show B．build C．reduce D．influence 7. A．events B．changes C．accidents D．chances 8. A．mission B．direction C．approach D．attitude 9. A．allow B．push C．order D．teach 10. A．finish B．bottom C．front D．waiting 11. A．firm B．reliable C．lively D．brave 12. A．stop B．avoid C．consider D．enjoy 13. A．score B．money C．speed D．age 14. A．present B．describe C．decide D．predict 15. A．working B．exercising C．thinking D．learning Passage 2 People naturally assume that because I’m a comedian I have rock-solid sense of self-esteem (自尊). But when I lost my job last year, my self-worth hit an all-time low and I really 1 how competent I was. I had started running a few years before this. I didn’t look or feel like a(n) 2 and, in fact, I walked most of it, but the beautiful thing about running is that it’s one of the most 3 sports you can do. I met a really amazing community of women runners online who were of different 4 groups, shapes and sizes, with different motivations to run. The more I ran, the better I felt. Bryony Gordon rang me one day and 5 me to do the marathon and so I 6 it in October. It was an amazing feeling. But what really changed me was strength training. I started 7 with two amazing women, Amber Keatley-Shaikh and Suzanne Keatley. They got in touch with me just as I was completely broken by my 8 in career and asked whether I was interested. 9 I would have said 10 weights was quite extreme, but actually doing it felt like recovery. I could see myself physically getting stronger and the endorphins (内啡肽) were incredible. I’ve been quite public about my physical journey by 11 it on Instagram. What I find really heartwarming is that every time I 12 about doing exercise, I get lots of 13 saying that I’ve made another person get out there and do it. What I’ve been doing wasn’t about getting weight loss but about feeling in control again after my unemployment. Running and strength training have given me 14 I didn’t know that I had. I feel like I’ve 15 myself back — but this time a stronger version. 1. A．questioned B．reckoned C．guaranteed D．predicted 2. A．comedian B．athlete C．celebrity D．craftsman 3. A．reluctant B．inclusive C．precise D．desperate 4. A．gender B．height C．weight D．age 5. A．engaged B．forbade C．drove D．recommended 6. A．put B．made C．forgot D．saw 7. A．putting up B．meeting up C．hanging out D．working out 8. A．choice B．path C．attention D．failure 9. A．Previously B．Barely C．Illegally D．Deliberately 10. A．losing B．gaining C．standing D．lifting 11. A．documenting B．enhancing C．rejecting D．employing 12. A．advertise B．post C．publish D．promote 13. A．criticisms B．donations C．refusals D．replies 14. A．self-reliance B．self-worth C．self-introduction D．self-evaluation 15. A．paid B．held C．got D．kept Passage 3 News came that Zou Jiaqi and Qiu Xiuping 1 the first gold of the Hangzhou Asian Games on Sunday. Born in 2001, Zou Jiaqi was 2 by a Hangzhou City team coach in the fourth grade. And then she started her 3 journey. Just two years later, she won her first gold medal at the Hangzhou City Games. Rowing rules prohibit the use of 4 . Her hands endured(忍受) long-term rubbing against the oars(船桨), 5 blisters and bleeding. Sometimes, with blistered hands, she had to continue training the next day without them fully healing. And 6 her hands were covered with calluses(老茧) over time. 7 his deep concern for her, her father continued to encourage her to be 8 . In this way, Zou Jiaqi advanced from the city team to the Zhejiang province women’s lightweight rowing team in 2018. And finally she 9 entered the national team in 2022. She has gained 10 national gold medals: in 2020, as part of the 11 team, she won the women’s lightweight 2,000 meters at the National Rowing Championships. And in 2021, she won the gold in the same 12 at the National Spring Rowing Championships. Later, she continued to perform 13 at the national level, winning several more championships. The duo(组合) is now firmly 14 reaching the highest step of the podium at next summer’s Paris Olympics. “As we earned our 15 to the 2024 Olympics, with the help of our coaches, at the world championships, our next goal is claiming the title in Paris,” said Qiu. 1. A．caught B．robbed C．claimed D．limited 2. A．discovered B．mastered C．rescued D．invested 3. A．running B．swimming C．diving D．rowing 4. A．gloves B．shoes C．hat D．sunglasses 5. A．responding to B．leading to C．according to D．adapting to 6. A．usually B．ultimately C．entirely D．unfortunately 7. A．Because B．Since C．Despite D．If 8. A．enthusiastic B．objective C．confident D．strong 9. A．accurately B．difficultly C．smoothly D．apparently 10. A．less B．multiple C．countless D．more 11. A．provincial B．urban C．national D．rural 12. A．chart B．substance C．structure D．category 13. A．excellently B．normally C．badly D．commonly 14. A．insisted on B．determined to C．devoted to D．appealed to 15. A．ability B．license C．reputation D．ticket Passage 4 Seeing kids doing amazing things, you have to stop. When we tell you a 9- year- old Indian weightlifter, Arshia Goswami, made us do a double take, we aren’t 1 . Arshia, a(n) 2 in the weightlifting world, has been doing this since she was 6 years old. She has 3 weightlifting achievements that many adults couldn’t dream of doing. Arshia 4 her life online, inspiring other children and adults to get into the gym and get 5 . In a recent post, she 6 to lift 165 pounds. She only weighs 55 pounds, 7 to lifting three times her own weight. Focused and fierce, she steps on the mat. The 8 starts, and Arshia gets excited. A pleasing tune plays and Arshia takes a breath. She holds the barbell (杠铃) 9 , and raises 165 pounds off the ground. The video was titled “The youngest and strongest Indian” and people were impressed. She gained 10 from the weightlifting community. One person commented, “It took me years to attempt that weight in my teens.” Another person was concerned about her 11 : “That’s impressive but stay calm. Her face turned red and it meant too much pressure.” But most people were amazed. “That’s 12 technique for that age. Most people don’t have that kind of technique until years in the 13 ,” someone else wrote. The fact that Arshia is so young and so strong was not 14 on her followers. A lot of people 15 her and said, “Unbelievable work! It taught us that everything is possible.” 1. A．hesitating B．kidding C．complaining D．responding 2. A．teacher B．judge C．professional D．audience 3. A．spread B．reported C．attained D．collected 4. A．records B．plans C．changes D．arranges 5. A．known B．fit C．connected D．sincere 6. A．sets out B．comes back C．goes away D．shows off 7. A．opposed B．accustomed C．adapted D．committed 8. A．tournament B．music C．schedule D．project 9. A．randomly B．easily C．freely D．tightly 10. A．respect B．doubt C．experience D．access 11. A．education B．talent C．health D．development 12. A．efficient B．modern C．reliable D．incredible 13. A．stage B．game C．life D．story 14. A．lost B．based C．dependent D．passed 15. A．remembered B．believed C．praised D．welcomed Passage 5 I had been skiing since childhood. I’d 1 fallen, I’d never crashed into anything, and I’d 2 mostly to the “blue” trails — the ones for intermediate (中级水平的) skiers. Therefore, for my first day on the mountain, I decided to 3 a blue run, one I had done many times before. When I reached the top of the blue trails — only chairlift (缆椅), though, something in the atmosphere 4 . Why was it so cold? Were the blue trails always this sharp? The rhythm of the chairlift started to sound less 5 . It 6 that simply having skied “many times before” didn’t mean I was getting better at it. There’s a large body of 7 showing that practice—or even just doing — doesn’t make us any better at the activity, so it is with skiing. The joy of getting better sometimes comes along with the 8 of getting worse. One afternoon, I took a chairlift with a retired ski 9 named Bob. When I told him I was struggling, he 10 to watch me take an easy slope and assessed what I was doing wrong. Bob 11 me that the learning process looks a lot like backsliding (倒退). When babies first learn to walk, they progress from 12 imitation. Sometimes it seems that we’re losing ground, but we’re actually 13 a new skill. An 14 attempt is often a sign that you’re learning. “You’re skiing better already!” he shouted at me. “Thank you!” I yelled back. Then I skied a few more feet and 15 . 1. A．frequently B．rarely C．mostly D．steadily 2. A．submitted B．reduced C．stuck D．restricted 3. A．tackle B．declare C．change D．skip 4. A．continued B．emerged C．conflicted D．disappeared 5. A．refreshed B．sensitive C．alien D．harmonious 6. A．took on B．turned out C．held on D．worked out 7. A．trend B．custom C．prejudice D．evidence 8. A．pain B．influence C．bonus D．award 9. A．official B．director C．constructor D．instructor 10. A．offered B．learned C．managed D．preferred 11. A．urged B．reminded C．guaranteed D．stimulated 12. A．similar B．regular C．random D．effective 13. A．unlocking B．switching C．testing D．suspending 14. A．anxious B．awkward C．aimless D．early 15. A．fell B．balanced C．proceeded D．abandoned $$ Unit 3 完形填空练习 目录 精练篇 1 passage 1 1 基础篇 8 Passage 1 8 Passage 2 11 Passage 3 15 拔高篇 18 Passage 1 18 Passage 2 21 Passage 3 25 Passage 4 28 Passage 5 31 精练篇 passage 1 No Guts, No Glory? The Fear and Attraction of Risky Winter Sports 难度⭐⭐⭐ Once I went flying off the side of a mountain on skis. Certainly, I didn’t mean to. Before I 1 the ground, there was a surprising amount of time for reflection—and more on the long painful journey down to the ambulance. The Winter Olympics are here, and I’ll be astonished with my heart in my mouth, watching ski-jumping and people hurtling downhill at 2 speed one way and another. But why are we so attracted to doing, watching and glamorizing dangerous activity? Is it really the thrill (兴奋) of the adrenaline (肾上腺素) rush? I hate that part when I take a big risk of any kind. It 3 out I’m not the only one. The popular “thrill-seeker” explanation put forward by Marvin Zuckerman and others that sensation seeking is a basic personality trait has been strongly 4 . Thrill-seeking is common in the young, especially young males. Many pay a high 5 for it. But our relationship with fear, courage and risk-taking is 6 . Eric Brymer and Robert Schweitzer asked people who had been doing an extreme sport for many years, to reflect   7 on the experience. For these people, it wasn’t that they didn’t feel fear, or that they were attracted to the feeling of fear. They saw fear as an important tool to 8 danger—and working through it was a transformative experience. Part of the reward was the sense of one-ness with nature that lay beyond the 9 . For me, reading what the research participants said was 10 and there was a lot that was easy to relate to. 11 , it seemed as though they believed they were only taking on risks over which they could prevail (战胜). Presumably, many of the people who are severely injured thought so too. I wonder if many who draw the short 12 regret it? I have an almost total lack of mastery of winter sports. The contrast between my enthusiasm and lack of skill   13 the somewhat spectacular accident at the start of this post. But just what kind of risks are we talking about with winter sports more commonly? For example, Brian Chaze and Patrick McDonald gathered published data on head injuries in winter sports. They advocated 14 use for sledding and skating as well. Children who hurt their heads sledding need hospitalization twice as much as for head injuries in other sports. Helmets aren’t used much, though. Perhaps the best 15 from watching the winter Olympians is not the glamour of their risk-taking, but the way they rock those helmets. 1．A．left B．hit C．flew D．lost 2．A．short-lived B．mind-numbing C．break-neck D．long-drawn-out 3．A．turns B．hangs C．takes D．bursts 4．A．applauded B．prohibited C．recommended D．challenged 5．A．interest B．respect C．priority D．price 6．A．simple B．straightforward C．complicated D．close 7．A．swiftly B．deeply C．intensely D．temporarily 8．A．identify B．dread C．treasure D．conduct 9．A．experience B．society C．fear D．environment 10．A．enlightening B．distressing C．entertaining D．confusing 11．A．Hence B．Furthermore C．Rather D．However 12．A．scene B．picture C．odds D．straw 13．A．stands for B．accounts for C．checks out D．points out 14．A．belt B．helmet C．protection D．blade 15．A．take-away B．carry-out C．take-off D．try-out 词汇积累 1. go flying off 释义：飞离；突然飞出。 示例：The book went flying off the shelf when the earthquake hit.（地震发生时，书从架子上飞了出去。） 2. hit the ground 释义：着地；落地。 示例：The ball hit the ground with a thud.（球砰的一声落在地上。） 3. be astonished with 释义：对…… 感到惊讶。 示例：She was astonished with his sudden appearance.（她对他的突然出现感到惊讶。） 4. one way and another 释义：以各种方式；无论如何。 示例：We'll find a solution one way and another.（我们无论如何都会找到一个解决办法。） 5. attract to doing 释义：吸引去做某事。 示例：The beautiful scenery attracts people to taking photos.（美丽的风景吸引人们去拍照。） 6. glamorize 释义：vt. 美化；使有魅力；使迷人。 示例：The movie glamorizes the life of a spy.（这部电影美化了间谍的生活。） 7. thrill 释义：n. 激动；震颤；刺激；vt. 使激动；使兴奋。 示例：The roller coaster gave her a thrill.（过山车让她很兴奋。）；be thrilled by the news（因消息而激动）。 8. take a big risk of 释义：冒很大的…… 风险。 示例：He took a big risk of losing all his money by investing in that project.（他冒着失去所有钱的巨大风险投资那个项目。） 9. turn out 释义：结果是；原来是；生产；制造。 示例：The party turned out to be a great success.（聚会结果非常成功。）；The factory turns out thousands of cars every month.（这家工厂每月生产数千辆汽车。） 10. put forward 释义：提出；推荐；把…… 提前。 示例：He put forward a new idea at the meeting.（他在会议上提出了一个新想法。） 11. pay a high price for 释义：为…… 付出高昂代价。 示例：We pay a high price for our mistakes.（我们为自己的错误付出了高昂的代价。） 12. reflect deeply on 释义：深刻反思。 示例：We should reflect deeply on our actions.（我们应该深刻反思我们的行为。） 13. transformative 释义：adj. 有改革能力的；有变革作用的；起改造作用的。 示例：A transformative education can change a person's life.（有变革作用的教育可以改变一个人的生活。） 14. lay beyond 释义：位于…… 之外；超出…… 范围。 示例：The answer may lay beyond our current understanding.（答案可能超出我们目前的理解范围。） 15. enlightening 释义：adj. 有启发性的；使人领悟的。 示例：The lecture was very enlightening.（这场讲座很有启发性。） 16. relate to 释义：与…… 有关；涉及；理解。 示例：This issue relates to everyone's interests.（这个问题涉及每个人的利益。）；I can relate to your feelings.（我能理解你的感受。） 17. furthermore 释义：adv. 此外；而且。 示例：He is intelligent. Furthermore, he is hardworking.（他很聪明。此外，他还很勤奋。） 18. prevail 释义：vi. 盛行；流行；战胜；占优势。 示例：Justice will prevail.（正义终将获胜。）；This style prevails in fashion this year.（这种风格在今年的时尚界很流行。） 19. presumably 释义：adv. 大概；可能；据推测。 示例：He is presumably at home.（他大概在家。） 20. spectacular 释义：adj. 壮观的；惊人的；引人注目的。 示例：a spectacular fireworks display（壮观的烟花表演）。 21. glamour 释义：n. 魅力；迷人的美；魔法。 示例：The movie star has a lot of glamour.（这位电影明星很有魅力。） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 长难句分析 【1】Before I hit the ground, there was a surprising amount of time for reflection—and more on the long painful journey down to the ambulance. 译文 在我摔到地上之前，有一段令人惊讶的反思时间 —— 更多的是在前往救护车的漫长痛苦旅程中。 分析 “Before I hit the ground” 是时间状语从句，表示 “在我摔到地上之前”。“there was a surprising amount of time for reflection” 是主句，“there be” 句型表示 “有”，“a surprising amount of” 表示 “大量令人惊讶的”，“reflection” 是 “反思”。“and more on the long painful journey down to the ambulance”是补充说明，“more” 指代更多的反思，“down to the ambulance” 表示 “前往救护车”。 【2】The popular “thrill-seeker” explanation put forward by Marvin Zuckerman and others that sensation seeking is a basic personality trait has been strongly challenged. 译文 马文祖克曼（Marvin Zuckerman）等人提出的流行的 “寻求刺激者” 解释，即寻求刺激感是一种基本的人格特质，已经受到了强烈的挑战。 分析 “The popular ‘thrill-seeker’ explanation put forward by Marvin Zuckerman and others” 是主语，其中 “put forward by Marvin Zuckerman and others” 是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰 “explanation”。“that sensation seeking is a basic personality trait” 是同位语从句，对 “explanation” 的内容进行解释说明。“has been strongly challenged” 是谓语部分，使用了现在完成时的被动语态，表示 “已经受到强烈挑战”。 【3】The contrast between my enthusiasm and lack of skill accounts for the somewhat spectacular accident at the start of this post. 译文 我的热情和缺乏技巧之间的对比导致了这篇文章开头那个有点惊人的事故。 分析 “The contrast between my enthusiasm and lack of skill” 是主语，其中 “between my enthusiasm and lack of skill” 是介词短语作后置定语，修饰 “contrast” ，表示 “我热情和缺乏技巧之间的对比”。“accounts for” 是谓语动词短语，意思是 “导致；解释”。“the somewhat spectacular accident” 是宾语，“somewhat” 表示 “有点；稍微”，“spectacular” 表示 “惊人的；壮观的”。“at the start of this post” 是介词短语作后置定语，修饰 “accident” ，表示 “在这篇文章开头的”。 翻译练习 1. 他对这次惊人的发现感到十分震惊。(be astonished with) He was astonished with this astonishing discovery. 2. 精彩的广告吸引他去尝试新的产品。(attract to doing) The wonderful advertisement attracted him to trying the new product. 3. 为了实现梦想，他冒了很大的风险去创业。(take a big risk of) To realize his dream, he took a big risk of starting a business. 4. 结果证明，他的预测是完全正确的。(turn out) It turned out that his prediction was completely correct. 5. 他为自己的错误行为付出了高昂的代价。(pay a high price for) He paid a high price for his wrong behavior. 6. 经历这次挫折后，他深刻反思了自己的人生。(reflect deeply on) After experiencing this setback, he reflected deeply on his life. 7. 正义最终会在社会中盛行。(prevail) Justice will prevail in the society eventually. 答案解析 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．D 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．A 11．D 12．D 13．B 14．B 15．A 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章论述了为什么有人喜欢寻求危险冬季运动的刺激，还探究了危险冬季运动的恐惧和吸引力之间的关系，作者认为此类运动危险，人们应该带头盔。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我落地之前，有一段令人惊讶的时间来反思，在漫长而痛苦的救护车抵达路上还有更多的时间来反思。A. left离开；B. hit碰撞、到达；C. flew飞；D. lost失去。由上文的“Once I went flying off the side of a mountain on skis. (有一次我踩着滑雪板从山上飞下来)”和“the ground”可知，踩着滑雪板从山上飞下来的作者要到达地面了，即落地。故选B项。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：冬奥会就在这里，看着跳台滑雪和人们以危险的速度猛冲下山，我会惊讶于自己吓得心脏都要跳出来了。A. short-lived短暂的；B. mind-numbing令人厌烦的；C. break-neck危险的；D. long-drawn-out拖长的。呼应上文的“hurtling downhill (猛冲/飞驰下山)”和下文的“But why are we so attracted to doing, watching and glamorizing dangerous activity?(但为什么我们如此热衷于从事、观看和美化危险活动？)”可知，跳台滑雪速度极快，是很危险的速度。故选C项。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实证明我不是唯一一个。A. turns转变；B. hangs悬挂；C. takes花费；D. bursts爆发出。由上文的“Is it really the thrill (兴奋) of the adrenaline (肾上腺素) rush? I hate that part when I take a big risk of any kind. (这真的是肾上腺素飙升的刺激吗？当我冒任何风险的时候，我都讨厌这一部分)”可知作者不喜欢危险冬季运动的刺激，再根据下文的“Eric Brymer and Robert Schweitzer asked people who had been doing an extreme sport for many years, to reflect　　7　　 on the experience. (Eric Brymer和Robert Schweitzer要求从事极限运动多年的人……反思自己的经历)”可知Eric Brymer和Robert Schweitzer也不赞成进行危险冬季运动，可得出事实证明作者不是唯一一个不喜欢危险冬季运动的人，It turns out…(结果发现、结果是)。故选A项。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意： Marvin Zuckerman和其他人提出的“寻求刺激者”的流行解释，即寻求感觉是一种基本的人格特征，受到了强烈的挑战。A. applauded鼓掌；B. prohibited禁止；C. recommended建议；D. challenged挑战。由上文的“Is it really the thrill (兴奋) of the adrenaline (肾上腺素) rush? I hate that part when I take a big risk of any kind. (这真的是肾上腺素飙升的刺激吗？当我冒任何风险的时候，我都讨厌这一部分)”和下文的“Eric Brymer and Robert Schweitzer asked people who had been doing an extreme sport for many years, to reflect 　　7　　 on the experience. (Eric Brymer和Robert Schweitzer要求从事极限运动多年的人……反思自己的经历)”可知，作者不是唯一一个不喜欢危险冬季运动的人，说明Marvin Zuckerman和其他人提出的“寻求刺激者”的说法受到了挑战。故选D项。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多人为此付出了高昂的代价。A. interest兴趣；B. respect尊重；C. priority优先权；D. price代价。由下文的“Presumably, many of the people who are severely injured thought so too. (想必很多受重伤的人也这么认为)”和“Children who hurt their heads sledding need hospitalization twice as much as for head injuries in other sports. Helmets aren’t used much, though. (在雪橇上头部受伤的儿童需要住院治疗的时间是其他运动中头部受伤的两倍)”可知，为了寻求刺激，危险冬季活动可能会让人为此付出高昂的代价——受重伤。故选D项。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我们与恐惧、勇气和冒险的关系是复杂的。A. simple简单的；B. straightforward直接的；C. complicated复杂的；D. close接近的。由下文的“For these people, it wasn’t that they didn’t feel fear, or that they were attracted to the feeling of fear. They saw fear as an important tool (对这些人来说，并不是他们不感到恐惧，或者他们被恐惧的感觉所吸引。他们认为恐惧是重要工具)”和“and working through it was a transformative experience. Part of the reward was the sense of one-ness with nature that lay (克服恐惧是一种变革性的经历。回报的一部分是超越恐惧的与自然融为一体的感觉)”可知，作者不喜欢危险冬季运动的刺激，但喜欢寻求刺激者认为恐惧、勇气和冒险是有好处的，其间关系很复杂。故选C项。 7．考查副词词义辨析。句意：Eric Brymer和Robert Schweitzer要求从事极限运动多年的人深刻反思自己的经历。A. swiftly快速地；B. deeply深刻地；C. intensely紧张地；D. temporarily暂时地。由本处的“reflect 　　7　　 on the experience”可知，Eric Brymer和Robert Schweitzer也不赞成进行危险冬季运动，所以要求从事极限运动多年的人深刻反思自己的经历。故选B项。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们认为恐惧是识别危险的重要工具，克服恐惧是一种变革性的经历。A. identify识别；B. dread畏惧；C. treasure珍视；D. conduct实施。由下文的“and working through it was a transformative experience (克服恐惧是一种变革性的经历)”可知，克服恐惧的前提是要识别出恐惧。故选A项。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：回报的一部分是超越恐惧的与自然融为一体的感觉。A. experience经验；B. society社会；C. fear恐惧；D. environment环境。由上文的“They saw fear as an important tool to 　　8　　 danger—and working through it was a transformative experience.(他们认为恐惧是识别危险的重要工具，克服恐惧是一种变革性的经历)”可知，该句讲克服恐惧的好处，即超越恐惧，体验与自然融为一体的感觉。故选C项。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，阅读研究参与者所说的话很有启发性，其中有很多内容很容易理解。A. enlightening富有启发性的；B. distressing令人苦恼的；C. entertaining娱乐的；D. confusing令人困惑的。由下文的“there was a lot that was easy to relate to (其中有很多内容很容易理解)”可知，研究参与者所说的话很容易理解，对作者思考危险冬季运动很有启发性。故选A项。 11．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，他们似乎认为自己只是在承担可以战胜的风险。A. Hence因此；B. Furthermore此外；C. Rather相当地；D. However然而。由上文讲“作者不赞成危险冬季运动”和下文“it seemed as though they believed they were only taking on risks over which they could prevail (战胜). Presumably, many of the people who are severely injured thought so too. (他们似乎认为自己只是在承担可以战胜的风险。想必很多受重伤的人也这么认为)”讲一些人认为可以战胜风险而继续进行危险冬季运动可知，作者与下文的观点相反，用However。故选D项。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想知道，许多抽中下下签的人会不会后悔呢？A. scene场景；B. picture图画；C. odds可能性；D. straw稻草。由上文的“Presumably, many of the people who are severely injured thought so too.(想必很多受重伤的人也这么认为)”可知，诸如危险冬季运动的极限运动可能会让人重伤，所以作者想知道这些抽中下下签的人（即倒霉重伤的人）会不会后悔，draw the short straw (抽中下下签)。故选D项。 13．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的热情和缺乏技能之间的反差，解释了这篇文章开头的一个有点惊人的意外。A. stands for代表；B. accounts for导致、解释；C. checks out结账离开；D. points out指出。由上文的“Once I went flying off the side of a mountain on skis. (有一次我踩着滑雪板从山上飞下来)”和“The contrast between my enthusiasm and lack of skill”可知，作者的热情和缺乏技能之间的反差，解释了文章开头作者出现的意外。故选B项。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们还提倡在雪橇和滑冰时使用头盔。A. belt腰带；B. helmet头盔；C. protection保护；D. blade刀片。由上文的“For example, Brian Chaze and Patrick McDonald gathered published data on head injuries in winter sports. (例如，Brian Chaze和Patrick McDonald收集了冬季运动中头部受伤的公开数据)”可知，Brian Chaze和Patrick McDonald会提倡在雪橇和滑冰时使用头盔，以避免头部受伤，呼应下文的“Helmets”。故选B项。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：也许观看冬奥会选手的最佳收获不是他们冒险的魅力，而是他们挥舞头盔的方式。A. take-away有些收获；B. carry-out外卖的食物；C. take-off起飞；D. try-out试用。由上文的“Helmets aren’t used much, though. (不过头盔用得不多)”和下文的“from watching the winter Olympians is not the glamour of their risk-taking, but the way they rock those helmets”可知，人们还是不愿戴头盔，可得出此处讲观看冬奥会选手的最佳收获是看运动员们戴着头盔，这有好处。故选A项。 基础篇 Passage 1 Living a healthy life is essential for a happy and fulfilling life. It is important to adopt 1 habits that contribute to our physical and mental well-being. Eating a 2 and balanced diet is the first step towards maintaining good health. This means including a variety of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins in our daily meals. Regular exercise is 3 important for our overall health. Whether it’s jogging, swimming, or practicing yoga, finding an activity that we enjoy can make exercise more 4 . Not only does exercise help in maintaining a healthy weight, but it also boosts our 5 and lowers the risk of various diseases. In addition to a healthy 6 and regular exercise, it is crucial to get enough sleep. A lack of sleep can have negative effects on our 7 , concentration, and immune system. Aim for around 7-8 hours of sleep every night to feel refreshed and 8 every day. To maintain our mental well-being, it is also important to engage in activities that 9 stress. This could be practicing meditation, 10 a hobby, or spending quality time with loved ones. Taking care of our mental health is just as important as taking care of our physical health. Lastly, it is important to 11 bad habits that can negatively impact our health. Smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and excessive 12 intake are all examples of habits that should be avoided. These habits can increase the risk of various health issues and gradually lead to health 13 . In conclusion, living a healthy life requires a 14 of healthy diets, regular exercise, sufficient sleep, stress management, and avoiding harmful habits. By adopting these habits and making them a part of our daily 15 , we can improve our overall health and well-being. 1．A．flexible B．convenient C．helpful D．effective 2．A．diverse B．limited C．efficient D．positive 3．A．slightly B．equally C．definitely D．particularly 4．A．professional B．interesting C．challenging D．confusing 5．A．energy B．independence C．comfort D．behavior 6．A．nutrition B．pudding C．diet D．wine 7．A．sight B．reflection C．mood D．tension 8．A．concerned B．amazed C．inspired D．motivated 9．A．increase B．reduce C．recognize D．ignore 10．A．developing B．attracting C．exchanging D．admiring 11．A．contact B．recover C．appreciate D．quit 12．A．tea B．caffeine C．yogurt D．fruit 13．A．functions B．emergencies C．operations D．consequences 14．A．combination B．attitude C．contribution D．performance 15．A．resource B．technique C．desire D．routine 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．C 8．D 9．B 10．A 11．D 12．B 13．D 14．A 15．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了健康的生活需要健康的饮食、有规律的锻炼、充足的睡眠、压力管理和避免有害的习惯。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：养成有益身心健康的习惯是很重要的。A. flexible灵活的；B. convenient方便的；C. helpful有帮助的；D. effective有效的。根据前文“Living a healthy life is essential for a happy and fulfilling life”可知，健康的生活对于幸福和充实的生活是必不可少的，所以养成有帮助的好习惯对身心健康很重要。故选C。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：饮食多样化和均衡是保持健康的第一步。A. diverse各种各样的；B. limited有限的；C. efficient高效率的；D. positive积极的。根据下文“This means including a variety of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins in our daily meals.”可知，列举了各种各样的食物，所以饮食要多样化。故选A。 3．考查副词词义辨析。句意：有规律的锻炼对我们的整体健康同样重要。A. slightly稍微；B. equally同等地；C. definitely肯定地；D. particularly尤其。根据前文“Eating a　2　and balanced diet is the first step towards maintaining good health.”可知，饮食很重要，本段介绍有规律的锻炼同等重要。故选B。 4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：无论是慢跑、游泳还是练习瑜伽，找到一项我们喜欢的活动可以让锻炼变得更有趣。A. professional专业的；B. interesting有趣的；C. challenging有挑战的；D. confusing令人困惑的。根据本句定语从句“that we enjoy”可知，选择我们喜欢的活动是为了让运动更有趣。故选B。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：锻炼不仅有助于保持健康的体重，还能增强我们的能量，降低患各种疾病的风险。A. energy能量；B. independence独立；C. comfort安慰；D. behavior行为。根据常识可知，锻炼身体可以增加我们的能量。故选A。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了健康的饮食和规律的运动外，充足的睡眠也是至关重要的。A. nutrition营养；B. pudding布丁；C. diet饮食；D. wine酒。根据前文“Eating a　2　and balanced diet is the first step towards maintaining good health.”可知，本段介绍除了饮食和锻炼以外，我们还要有充足的睡眠。故选C。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：睡眠不足会对我们的情绪、注意力和免疫系统产生负面影响。A. sight视野；B. reflection反思；C. mood情绪；D. tension紧张。根据常识可知，睡眠不足会让人情绪容易低落，易怒。故选C。 8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每晚保证7-8小时的睡眠，每天都能精神焕发，充满动力。A. concerned担心的；B. amazed惊讶的；C. inspired受到鼓舞的；D. motivated有动力的。根据前文“A lack of sleep can have negative effects on our　7　　, concentration, and immune system”可知，缺少睡眠会对我们的情绪、注意力和免疫系统产生负面影响，相反，充足的睡眠可以让我们充满动力。故选D。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了保持我们的精神健康，参加一些减轻压力的活动也很重要。A. increase增加；B. reduce减少；C. recognize认可；D. ignore忽略。根据前文“It is important to adopt 　1　habits that contribute to our physical and mental well-being.”可知，本文介绍保持健康生活要养成的好习惯。所以本句也应是建议参加减轻压力的活动，学会缓解压力生活才会健康。故选B。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这可以是练习冥想，培养一个爱好，或者与爱人共度美好时光。A. developing培养；B. attracting吸引；C. exchanging交换；D. admiring钦佩。根据空后宾语“a hobby”可知，应是培养爱好。故选A。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，改掉对健康有负面影响的坏习惯也很重要。A. contact联系；B. recover恢复；C. appreciate欣赏；D. quit停止。根据空后宾语“bad habits that can negatively impact our health”可知，应是改掉对健康有负面影响的坏习惯。故选D。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：吸烟、过量饮酒和过量摄入咖啡因都是应该避免的习惯。A. tea茶；B. caffeine咖啡因；C. yogurt酸奶；D. fruit水果。根据本句“habits that should be avoided”可知，作者建议避免的习惯应是不好的习惯。故选B。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些习惯会增加各种健康问题的风险，并逐渐导致健康后果。A. functions功能；B. emergencies紧急情况；C. operations手术；D. consequences后果。根据本句“These habits can increase the risk of various health issues”可知，这些习惯会导致健康问题和后果。故选D。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：总之，健康的生活需要健康的饮食、有规律的锻炼、充足的睡眠、压力管理和避免有害的习惯。A. combination结合；B. attitude态度；C. contribution贡献；D. performance表演。根据本句“In conclusion”以及“healthy diets, regular exercise, sufficient sleep, stress management, and avoiding harmful habits”可知，本段是总结段，所以应是这些习惯的结合才会形成健康的生活。故选A。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过养成这些习惯，让它们成为我们日常生活的一部分，我们可以改善我们的整体健康和幸福。A. resource资源；B. technique技巧；C. desire欲望；D. routine惯例。根据常识以及本句“By adopting these habits”可知，养成习惯，并成为生活的惯例，才能提高整体健康和幸福。故选D。 Passage 2 Games and sports teach people a lot of useful skills, as well as helping them to 1 fit and healthy. Lots of people love team sports. They enjoy being a member of a team so they have the chance to 2 the matches and events. They also enjoy sharing the 3 , or failure, with others. While playing, people have to 4 each other, otherwise they can never win. At the same time, it is important to respect rules, because no game will work 5 everyone plays according to them. Team games also teach you that 6 is not the end of the world. You will always have another opportunity (机会) and you will be more successful against your competitors next time. 7 , there are many people who just don’t like team sports. They have to find other 8 to exercise. Perhaps they had a bad 9 with a kind of sport when they were younger. Maybe they feel embarrassed (尴尬的) because they think they’re not very 10 at a sport. They worry about disappointing (使失望) the rest of the team if they 11 badly. Team sports are 12 about competitions, and for some people, this is too 13 . So individual (个人的) activities are more suitable for them. 14 , during the COVID-19, many people exercise in their houses by following work-out (锻炼) videos posted online. Hundreds of free workouts are produced online every day, so you can have your own personal 15 without leaving your own house. Whether team sports or individual activities, always lead positive lives! 1．A．continue B．keep C．grow D．bring 2．A．take part in B．wait for C．apply for D．look up 3．A．score B．effort C．success D．result 4．A．become B．save C．support D．find 5．A．when B．unless C．if D．though 6．A．losing B．playing C．challenging D．winning 7．A．Therefore B．However C．Suddenly D．Lastly 8．A．places B．time C．space D．ways 9．A．experience B．information C．direction D．interest 10．A．excited B．strict C．poor D．good 11．A．order B．watch C．perform D．teach 12．A．seldom B．gradually C．usually D．completely 13．A．dangerous B．crazy C．careful D．stressful 14．A．At last B．In all C．Of course D．For example 15．A．trainer B．office C．taste D．computer 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．B 8．D 9．A 10．D 11．C 12．C 13．D 14．D 15．A 【导语】本文是说明文。主要讲了一些人喜欢团体运动一些人喜欢个人运动，不管是什么运动，要始终过着积极向上的生活。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：游戏和运动教会人们很多有用的技能，也帮助他们保持健康。A. continue继续；B. keep保持；C. grow增加；D. bring带来。根据前文“Games and sports teach people a lot of useful skills”以及后文“fit and healthy”结合常识，游戏和运动应是帮助他们保持健康。故选B项。 2．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们喜欢成为团队的一员，所以他们有机会参加比赛和活动。A. take part in参加；B. wait for等待；C. apply for申请；D. look up查找。根据前文“Lots of people love team sports.”后文“the matches and events”可知，许多人喜欢团队运动，所以结合选项，应是参加比赛活动符合语境。故选A项。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们也喜欢与他人分享成功或失败。A. score得分；B. effort努力；C. success成功；D. result结果。根据后文“or failure”可知，空处应和failure并列，结合选项，应是成功或失败符合语境。故选C项。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在玩的时候，人们必须互相支持，否则他们永远不会赢。A. become变成；B. save保存；C. support支持；D. find找到。根据后文“otherwise they can never win.”以及结合选项可知，应是“必须互相支持，否则他们永远不会赢”符合语境。故选C项。 5．考查连词词义辨析。句意：同时，尊重规则也很重要，因为除非所有人都遵守规则，否则任何游戏都不会成功。A. when当…时；B. unless除非；C. if如果；D. though虽然。根据前文“because no game will work”以及后文“everyone plays according to them.”可知，此处表示一种假设条件，用unless引导。故选B项。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：团队游戏还会教会你，失败并不是世界末日。A. losing失败；B. playing演奏；C. challenging挑战；D. winning获胜。根据后文“is not the end of the world”可知，应是“失败并不是世界末日”符合语境。故选A项。 7．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，有很多人就是不喜欢团队运动。A. Therefore因此；B. However然而；C. Suddenly突然；D. Lastly最后。根据后文“there are many people who just don’t like team sports.”结合前文内容可知，前文讲述的是团体运动，而此处说有很多人就是不喜欢团队运动，所以前后文为转折关系，用However连接。故选B项。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们必须找到其他的锻炼方式。A. places地方；B. time时间；C. space空间；D. ways方式。根据前文“there are many people who just don’t like team sports.”可知，有很多人就是不喜欢团队运动，所以他们需要找到其他的锻炼方式。故选D项。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：也许他们年轻时对某种运动有过不好的经历。A. experience经历；B. information信息；C. direction方向；D. interest兴趣。根据后文“when they were younger”可知，此处讲的是经历。故选A项 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：也许他们感到尴尬是因为他们认为自己不擅长某项运动。A. excited兴奋的；B. strict严格的；C. poor贫穷的；D. good好的。根据前文“Maybe they feel embarrassed (尴尬的)”可知，是因为不擅长某项运动，所以感到尴尬，此处是固定搭配：be good at意为“擅长于”。故选D项。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们担心如果自己表现不好会让团队的其他成员失望。A. order命令；B. watch观看；C. perform表现；D. teach教。根据前文“They worry about disappointing (使失望) the rest of the team”可知，应是表现不好，让其他人失望。故选C项。 12．考查副词词义辨析。句意：团队运动通常是关于竞争的，对一些人来说，这太有压力了。A. seldom不常；B. gradually逐渐地；C. usually通常；D. completely完全地。根据前文“Team sports”以及后文“competitions”根据常识可知团队运动通常是关于竞争的。故选C项。 13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：团队运动通常是关于竞争的，对一些人来说，这太有压力了。A. dangerous危险的；B. crazy疯子；C. careful小心；D. stressful压力大的。根据前文“Team sports are 　　　12　　　 about competitions”根据常识可知团队运动通常是关于竞争的，所以是有压力的。故选D项。 14．考查介词短语辨析。句意：例如，在2019冠状病毒病期间，许多人在家中按照网上发布的健身视频进行锻炼。A. At last最后；B. In all总计；C. Of course当然；D. For example例如。根据后文“during the COVID-19, many people exercise in their houses by following work-out (锻炼) videos posted online.”可知是个人活动的一个例子，此处是在举例。故选D项 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每天网上都有数百种免费的健身方法，所以你足不出户就可以拥有自己的私人教练。A. trainer教练；B. office办公室；C. taste味道；D. computer计算机。根据前文“Hundreds of free workouts are produced online every day”可知，每天网上都有数百种免费的健身方法，所以是相当于拥有自己的私人教练。故选A项。 Passage 3 I have heard that one is never too old to set another goal or to dream a new dream. 1 with my job, I found myself in a bar on the eve of my 30th birthday preparing to 2 the night away. Instead, I walked out at 11: 00 p.m., and just 3 running. I hadn’t run in the past decade, and that 4 I ran thirty miles. That single act forever 5 the course of my life. Another thing helped me to make the decision. My boss gave each of us a copy of Chicken Soup for the Soul and 6 us to read a story or two. I was 7 — this was not her favourite business book! Many of my colleagues would 8 the bars after a busy day at work. I started running as a way to 9 the pressure. But I also started reading. 10 enough, I found much in common between the two. Since walking out of that 11 on the eve of my 30th birthday, my life has been 12 changed. I decided to make my passion for running my job. I had no 13 how I was going to do this, but I just realised 14 I followed my heart and did what I loved, I could somehow make a success of it. If nothing else, I’d certainly be a lot 15 than if I continued going to work every day in a job I didn’t enjoy. 1. A．Satisfied B．Unhappy C．Impatient D．Surprised 2. A．spend B．drink C．throw D．drive 3. A．continued B．finished C．started D．enjoyed 4. A．holiday B．morning C．afternoon D．evening 5. A．changed B．decided C．created D．discovered 6. A．allowed B．encouraged C．forced D．prevented 7. A．delighted B．disappointed C．confused D．touched 8. A．got B．took C．had D．hit 9. A．deal with B．take over C．go over D．turn down 10. A．Strangely B．Interestingly C．Clearly D．Luckily 11. A．company B．restaurant C．bar D．hotel 12. A．formally B．completely C．suddenly D．naturally 13. A．decision B．belief C．hope D．idea 14. A．though B．because C．if D．unless 15. A．happier B．busier C．lonelier D．quicker 【答案】 1．B 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．D 9．A 10．B 11．C 12．B 13．D 14．C 15．A 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者通过改变生活方式和追求自己的热爱，找到了幸福和成功的故事。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我对自己的工作感到不满意，于是在自己30岁生日的前夕，我发现自己坐在一家酒吧里，准备一醉方休。A. Satisfied满意的；B. Unhappy不开心的，不满的；C. Impatient没有耐心的；D. Surprised惊讶的。根据下文“if I continued going to work every day in a job I didn’t enjoy”可知，作者对自己当时的工作不满意。故选B。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. spend花费；B. drink喝；C. throw扔；D. drive驾驶。根据“I found myself in a bar”可知，作者去了一家酒吧，所以他应该是打算整晚在里面喝酒。故选B。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，我在晚上11点离开了，然后就开始跑步。A. continued继续；B. finished完成；C. started开始；D. enjoyed享受。根据下文“I ran thirty miles”可知，作者离开酒吧之后开始跑步。故选C。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我已经有十年没跑过了，那天晚上我跑了30英里。A. holiday假期；B. morning早上；C. afternoon下午；D. evening晚上。根据上文“Instead, I walked out at 11: 00 p.m.”可知，此处指晚上。故选D。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一举动永远地改变了我的一生。A. changed改变；B. decided决定；C. created创造；D. discovered发现。根据下文“Since walking out of that 　　11　　 on the eve of my 30th birthday, my life has been 　　12　　 changed.”可知，跑步的举动改变了作者的一生。故选A。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的老板给了我们每人一本《心灵鸡汤》，并鼓励我们读一两个故事。A. allowed允许；B. encouraged鼓励；C. forced强迫；D. prevented阻止。根据“My boss gave each of us a copy of Chicken Soup for the Soul”可知，老板给每位员工发了一本《心灵鸡汤》，自然是鼓励他们阅读。故选B。 7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很困惑——这不是她最喜欢的商业书籍！A. delighted高兴的；B. disappointed失望的；C. confused困惑的；D. touched感动的。根据“this was not her favourite business book!”可知，作者对老板的举动感到困惑，因为这不是她最喜欢的商业书籍，故选C。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的许多同事在忙碌了一天的工作后都会去酒吧。A. got得到；B. took拿走；C. had有；D. hit击打。根据“after a busy day at work”可知，忙碌一天之后，作者的许多同事都会去酒吧，hit the bar是固定搭配，意为“泡酒吧”。故选D。 9．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我开始跑步是为了应对压力。A. deal with处理；B. take over接管；C. go over复习；D. turn down拒绝。根据“the pressure”可知，作者将跑步作为应对压力的方法。故选A。 10．考查副词词义辨析。句意：有趣的是，我发现两者之间有很多共同点。A. Strangely奇怪地；B. Interestingly有趣的是；C. Clearly清楚地；D. Luckily幸运地。根据“I found much in common between the two.”可知，作者发现了跑步和读书之间的相似之处，这自然是很有趣的事。故选B。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：自从在我30岁生日的前夜走出那家酒吧，我的生活就完全改变了。A. company公司；B. restaurant餐厅；C. bar酒吧；D. hotel宾馆。根据上文“I found myself in a bar on the eve of my 30th birthday”可知，此处是信息词bar的词汇复现。故选C。 12．考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. formally正式地；B. completely完全地；C. suddenly突然；D. naturally自然地。根据上文“That single act forever 　　5　　 the course of my life.”可知，作者认为，从那天晚上开始，自己的人生被彻底改变了。故选B。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不知道我该怎么做，但我只是意识到，如果我跟随自己的心，做我喜欢的事，我就能成功。A. decision决定；B. belief信念；C. hope希望；D. idea主意。根据上文“I decided to make my passion for running my job.”可知，作者当时并不知道自己如何会将跑步变成自己的职业。have no idea为固定搭配，表示“不知道”。故选D。 14．考查连词词义辨析。句意同上。A. though尽管；B. because因为；C. if如果；D. unless除非。根据“I followed my heart and did what I loved”可知，本句表示作者当时的一种想法和假设，因此用if引导条件状语从句。故选C。 15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果没有其他事的话，我肯定会比每天继续做自己不喜欢的工作要快乐得多。A. happier更高兴的；B. busier更忙的；C. lonelier更孤独的；D. quicker更快的。比起做自己不喜欢的工作，作者认为自己一定会更加快乐和幸福。故选A。 拔高篇 Passage 1 At 50, when a lot of people tend to step away from active sports, Pervin Batliwals started running. Today, at 69, Batliwala has completed all the six major 1 across the world. As a leader in Hindustan Unilever Lid, Bathwala would join other 2 for a run at the stadium (露天运动场) with coach Savio D’Souza, as part of the company’s initiative (倡议) to 3 staff wellbeing. On one such run, D’Souza asked her to 4 him to run on the road. “From that day on, I started running on the road.” she says. With several marathons done since that 5 match, Batliwala mixes running with swimming and other training to 6 strength and stamina (耐力). Before big 7 such as the 88-km Comrades Marath on in South Africa and 72-km Khardung La Challenge in Ladakb, she also monitors her diet. What remains constant is her never-say-never 8 . “However tired I am, I talk to myself and 9 myself to get to the 10 line.” she says. She’s a 11 person who’s always talking, joking and making noise while running, and other people, who may be a decade or two younger than her, 12 running with her. An inspiration to both young and old, she’s a firm believer that 13 is just a number and can’t 14 what one can do. A quote that she lives by goes: “We do not stop 15 because we grow old, we grow old because we stop exercising!” 1. A．courses B．marathons C．practices D．tasks 2. A．employees B．athletes C．friends D．reporters 3. A．harm B．ignore C．improve D．treasure 4. A．help B．invite C．persuade D．join 5. A．initial B．hard C．ordinary D．extra 6. A．show B．build C．reduce D．influence 7. A．events B．changes C．accidents D．chances 8. A．mission B．direction C．approach D．attitude 9. A．allow B．push C．order D．teach 10. A．finish B．bottom C．front D．waiting 11. A．firm B．reliable C．lively D．brave 12. A．stop B．avoid C．consider D．enjoy 13. A．score B．money C．speed D．age 14. A．present B．describe C．decide D．predict 15. A．working B．exercising C．thinking D．learning 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．A 6．B 7．A 8．D 9．B 10．A 11．C 12．D 13．D 14．C 15．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了印度斯坦联合利华的领导人Pervin Batliwals完成六次马拉松赛事并带领员工坚持跑步锻炼的故事。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如今，69岁的Batliwals已经完成了全球六大马拉松赛事。A. courses课程；B. marathons马拉松；C. practices练习；D. tasks任务。根据下文“With several marathons done (跑了好几场马拉松)”可知，此处是指Batliwals已经完成“马拉松”赛事。故选B项。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为印度斯坦联合利华的领导，Batliwals将与其他员工一起在体育馆里与教练Savio D’Souza一起跑步，这是公司改善员工健康的举措之一。A. employees雇员；B. athletes运动员；C. friends朋友；D. reporters记者。根据下文“as part of the company’s initiative (作为公司倡议的一部分)”可知，此处是指和“员工”一起跑步。故选A项。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. harm损害；B. ignore忽视；C. improve改善、提高；D. treasure珍视。根据下文“staff wellbeing”以及常识可知，跑步是一项“改善”员工健康的举措。故选C项。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一次这样的跑步中，D’Souza让她邀请他在路上跑步。A. help帮助；B. invite邀请；C. persuade说服；D. join加入。根据下文“From that day on, I started running on the road.(从那天起，我开始在路上跑步)”可知，此处是指D’Souza让她“邀请”他在路上跑步。故选D项。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：自从第一次比赛以来，Batliwals已经参加了几次马拉松比赛，他将跑步、游泳和其他训练结合起来，以增强力量和耐力。A. initial最初的；B. hard困难的；C. ordinary普通的；D. extra额外的。根据上文“With several marathons done (跑了好几场马拉松)”可知，此处是指“最初的、第一次”的比赛。故选A项。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. show展示；B. build建造；C. reduce降低；D. influence影响。根据上文“Batliwala mixes running with swimming and other training to”以及下文的“strength and stamina (力量和耐力)”可知，此处是指训练以“增强”力量和耐力。故选B项。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在诸如南非的88公里同志马拉松和拉达克的72公里Khardung La挑战赛等大型赛事之前，她也会监控自己的饮食。A. events事件、赛事；B. changes改变；C. accidents事故；D. chances机会。根据下文“the 88-km Comrades Marath on in South Africa and 72-km Khardung La Challenge in Ladakb (南非的88公里同志马拉松和拉达克的72公里Khardung La挑战赛)”可知，此处是指在这种大型“赛事”之前。故选A项。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：不变的是她永不言败的态度。A. mission使命；B. direction方向；C. approach方法；D. attitude态度。根据上文“What remains constant is her never-say-never”可知，此处表示她的永不言败的这种“态度”。故选D项。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“不管我有多累，我都会对自己说，强迫自己到达终点线。”她说。A. allow允许；B. push推动、强迫；C. order命令；D. teach教学。根据上文“What remains constant is her never-say-never”可知，她具备永不言败的态度，所以此处表示她“强迫”自己前进。故选B项。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. finish终点；B. bottom底部；C. front前面；D. waiting等待。根据上文“ However tired I am, I talk to myself and __9__ myself to get to the”以及下文“line”可知，此处是指她强迫自己到达“终点”线。故选A项。 11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她是一个活泼的人，总是在跑步时说话、开玩笑、制造噪音，而其他可能比她小十岁或二十岁的人也喜欢和她一起跑步。A. firm坚定的；B. reliable可靠的；C. lively活泼的；D. brave勇敢的。根据下文“who’s always talking, joking and making noise while running,(总是一边跑一边说话、开玩笑、制造噪音)”可知，她是一个“活泼的”人。故选C项。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. stop停止；B. avoid避免；C. consider考虑；D. enjoy享受。根据“who’s always talking, joking and making noise while running,(总是一边跑一边说话、开玩笑、制造噪音)”可知，她是一个活泼的人，所以其他人“享受”和她一起跑步。故选D项。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她鼓舞着年轻人和老年人，她坚信年龄只是一个数字，并不能决定一个人能做什么。A. score分数；B. money金钱；C. speed速度；D. age年龄。根据上文“An inspiration to both young and old,(对年轻人和老年人都是一种激励)”可知，此处是指“年龄”只是一个数字。故选D项。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. present赠送、呈现；B. describe描述；C. decide决定；D. predict预测。根据上文“An inspiration to both young and old,(对年轻人和老年人都是一种激励)”和下文“what one can do (一个人能做什么)”可知，此处是指年龄只是一个数字，不能“决定”一个人能做什么。故选C项。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她生活中的一句名言是：“我们不会因为变老而停止锻炼，我们会因为停止锻炼而变老!”A. working工作；B. exercising锻炼；C. thinking思考；D. learning学习。根据下文“we grow old because we stop exercising!(我们变老是因为我们停止锻炼！)”可知，此处是指们不会因为变老而停止“锻炼”。故选B项。 Passage 2 People naturally assume that because I’m a comedian I have rock-solid sense of self-esteem (自尊). But when I lost my job last year, my self-worth hit an all-time low and I really 1 how competent I was. I had started running a few years before this. I didn’t look or feel like a(n) 2 and, in fact, I walked most of it, but the beautiful thing about running is that it’s one of the most 3 sports you can do. I met a really amazing community of women runners online who were of different 4 groups, shapes and sizes, with different motivations to run. The more I ran, the better I felt. Bryony Gordon rang me one day and 5 me to do the marathon and so I 6 it in October. It was an amazing feeling. But what really changed me was strength training. I started 7 with two amazing women, Amber Keatley-Shaikh and Suzanne Keatley. They got in touch with me just as I was completely broken by my 8 in career and asked whether I was interested. 9 I would have said 10 weights was quite extreme, but actually doing it felt like recovery. I could see myself physically getting stronger and the endorphins (内啡肽) were incredible. I’ve been quite public about my physical journey by 11 it on Instagram. What I find really heartwarming is that every time I 12 about doing exercise, I get lots of 13 saying that I’ve made another person get out there and do it. What I’ve been doing wasn’t about getting weight loss but about feeling in control again after my unemployment. Running and strength training have given me 14 I didn’t know that I had. I feel like I’ve 15 myself back — but this time a stronger version. 1. A．questioned B．reckoned C．guaranteed D．predicted 2. A．comedian B．athlete C．celebrity D．craftsman 3. A．reluctant B．inclusive C．precise D．desperate 4. A．gender B．height C．weight D．age 5. A．engaged B．forbade C．drove D．recommended 6. A．put B．made C．forgot D．saw 7. A．putting up B．meeting up C．hanging out D．working out 8. A．choice B．path C．attention D．failure 9. A．Previously B．Barely C．Illegally D．Deliberately 10. A．losing B．gaining C．standing D．lifting 11. A．documenting B．enhancing C．rejecting D．employing 12. A．advertise B．post C．publish D．promote 13. A．criticisms B．donations C．refusals D．replies 14. A．self-reliance B．self-worth C．self-introduction D．self-evaluation 15. A．paid B．held C．got D．kept 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．B 4．D 5．D 6．B 7．D 8．D 9．A 10．D 11．A 12．B 13．D 14．B 15．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了一名喜剧演员失业后自我价值下降，但通过跑步和力量训练找回自信和自我控制的故事。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当我去年失业时，我的自我价值跌到了历史最低点，我真的怀疑自己是否有能力。A. questioned质疑；B. reckoned认为；C. guaranteed保证；D. predicted预测。根据“my self-worth hit an all-time low”可知，作者的自我价值跌到了历史最低点，作者真的怀疑自己是否有能力。故选A。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我看起来和感觉都不像一个运动员，事实上，大部分时间我都是步行的，但跑步的美妙之处在于它是你能做的最具包容性的运动之一。A. comedian喜剧演员；B. athlete运动员；C. celebrity名人；D. craftsman工匠。根据“I had started running a few years before this”以及“in fact, I walked most of it,”可知，作者参加了跑步，但是大部分时间都是步行的，所以作者看起来和感觉都不像一个运动员。故选B。 3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. reluctant不情愿的；B. inclusive包容的；C. precise精确的；D. desperate绝望的。根据“who were of different  ___4___  groups, shapes and sizes, with different motivations to run.”可知，女性跑步者社区中，她们有不同的年龄组、体型和身材，有着不同的跑步动机，因此作者认为跑步的包容性很强。故选B。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在网上遇到了一个非常棒的女性跑步者社区，她们有不同的年龄组、体型和身材，有着不同的跑步动机。A. gender性别；B. height身高；C. weight体重；D. age年龄。根据“shapes and sizes”可知，她们有不同的年龄组、体型和身材，有着不同的跑步动机。故选D 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，布朗尼·戈登给我打电话，建议我参加马拉松比赛，于是我在10月份完成了比赛。A. engaged参与；B. forbade禁止；C. drove驾驶；D. recommended推荐。根据“me to do the marathon”可知，布朗尼·戈登给作者打电话，建议作者参加马拉松比赛。故选D。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. put放置；B. made制作；C. forgot忘记；D. saw看到。根据“It was an amazing feeling.”可知，作者成功地完成了马拉松，这给作者带来了奇妙的感觉，make it为固定短语，意为“成功做某事”。故选B。 7．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我开始和两个了不起的女人一起锻炼，Amber Keatley- shaikh和Suzanne Keatley。A. putting up张贴；B. meeting up见面；C. hanging out闲逛；D. working out锻炼。根据“But what really changed me was strength training.”可知，但真正改变作者的是力量训练，因此后文讲述了作者锻炼的过程。故选D。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在我被事业的失败彻底击垮的时候，她们找到了我，问我是否对她们感兴趣。A. choice选择；B. path路径；C. attention关注；D. failure失败。根据“But when I lost my job last year”可知，作者失业了，因此作者被事业的失败彻底击垮。故选D。 9．考查副词词义辨析。句意：以前，我会说举重是非常极端的（达到作者的极限），但实际上做起来就像恢复一样（让作者在被事业的失败彻底击垮中恢复）。A. Previously以前；B. Barely几乎不；C. Illegally非法地；D. Deliberately故意地。根据“I would have said  ___10___  weights was quite extreme”可知，以前，作者会说举重是非常极端的。故选A。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. losing失去；B. gaining获得；C. standing站立；D. lifting举起。根据“But what really changed me was strength training.”可知，此处描述的是作者进行的力量训练，举重是力量训练的具体体现，故此处强调作者之前认为举重对其来说是极端的。故选D。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在Instagram上记录了我的身体旅行，这是非常公开的。A. documenting记录；B. enhancing提高；C. rejecting拒绝；D. employing雇佣。根据“on Instagram.”可知，作者在Instagram上记录了自己的身体旅行。故选A。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：让我感到非常温暖的是，每当我发关于锻炼的动态时，我都会收到很多回复，说我又让另一个人走出去锻炼了。A. advertise做广告；B. post发布；C. publish发表；D. promote促进。根据“by  ___11___  it on Instagram”可知，作者在在Instagram上记录了自己的身体旅行，即每次作者发布的是关于锻炼的帖子。故选B。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. criticisms批评；B. donations捐赠；C. refusals拒绝；D. replies回复。根据“saying that I’ve made another person get out there and do it”可知，每当作者发关于锻炼的动态时，作者都会收到很多回复。故选D。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：跑步和力量训练给了我以前不知道的自我价值。我觉得我找回了自己，但这次是一个更强大的版本。A. self-reliance自力更生；B. self-worth自我价值；C. self-introduction自我介绍；D. self-evaluation自我评价。根据第一段中“my self-worth hit an all-time low”以及“I feel like I’ve  ___15___  myself back — but this time a stronger version.”可知，作者失业后自我价值感陷入低谷，跑步让作者变得更强大，因此让作者找到了自我价值。故选B。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. paid支付；B. held举行；C. got得到，使达到；D. kept保持。根据上文“but about feeling in control again after my unemployment”和下文“but this time a stronger version.”可知，跑步让作者找回了更强大的自己，故选C。 Passage 3 News came that Zou Jiaqi and Qiu Xiuping 1 the first gold of the Hangzhou Asian Games on Sunday. Born in 2001, Zou Jiaqi was 2 by a Hangzhou City team coach in the fourth grade. And then she started her 3 journey. Just two years later, she won her first gold medal at the Hangzhou City Games. Rowing rules prohibit the use of 4 . Her hands endured(忍受) long-term rubbing against the oars(船桨), 5 blisters and bleeding. Sometimes, with blistered hands, she had to continue training the next day without them fully healing. And 6 her hands were covered with calluses(老茧) over time. 7 his deep concern for her, her father continued to encourage her to be 8 . In this way, Zou Jiaqi advanced from the city team to the Zhejiang province women’s lightweight rowing team in 2018. And finally she 9 entered the national team in 2022. She has gained 10 national gold medals: in 2020, as part of the 11 team, she won the women’s lightweight 2,000 meters at the National Rowing Championships. And in 2021, she won the gold in the same 12 at the National Spring Rowing Championships. Later, she continued to perform 13 at the national level, winning several more championships. The duo(组合) is now firmly 14 reaching the highest step of the podium at next summer’s Paris Olympics. “As we earned our 15 to the 2024 Olympics, with the help of our coaches, at the world championships, our next goal is claiming the title in Paris,” said Qiu. 1. A．caught B．robbed C．claimed D．limited 2. A．discovered B．mastered C．rescued D．invested 3. A．running B．swimming C．diving D．rowing 4. A．gloves B．shoes C．hat D．sunglasses 5. A．responding to B．leading to C．according to D．adapting to 6. A．usually B．ultimately C．entirely D．unfortunately 7. A．Because B．Since C．Despite D．If 8. A．enthusiastic B．objective C．confident D．strong 9. A．accurately B．difficultly C．smoothly D．apparently 10. A．less B．multiple C．countless D．more 11. A．provincial B．urban C．national D．rural 12. A．chart B．substance C．structure D．category 13. A．excellently B．normally C．badly D．commonly 14. A．insisted on B．determined to C．devoted to D．appealed to 15. A．ability B．license C．reputation D．ticket 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．D 4．A 5．B 6．B 7．C 8．D 9．C 10．B 11．A 12．D 13．A 14．C 15．D 【导语】本文的体裁是新闻报道，主要讲述了中国赛艇运动员邹佳琪和邱秀萍在杭州亚运会上取得的成就，以及邹佳琪个人的成长经历和她在赛艇运动中的发展。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：周日在杭州亚运会上，邹佳琪和邱秀萍获得了首枚金牌。A. caught抓住；B. robbed抢劫；C. claimed赢得；D. limited限制；根据下文“the first gold of the Hangzhou Asian Games”可知，邹佳琪和邱秀萍赢得了金牌，故选C项。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：2001年出生的邹佳琪在四年级时被杭州市队教练发现。A. discovered发现；B. mastered掌握；C. rescued营救；D. invested投资；根据下文“by a Hangzhou City team coach in the fourth grade”可知，邹佳琪是被教练发现的，故选A项。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后她开始了自己的划船之旅。A. running跑步；B. swimming游泳；C. diving跳水；D. rowing划船；根据下文“Her hands endured(忍受) long-term rubbing against the oars(船桨), leading to blisters and bleeding.”可知，邹佳琪开始的是划船之旅，故选D项。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：划船规则禁止使用手套。A. gloves手套；B. shoes鞋子；C. hat帽子；D. sunglasses太阳镜；根据下文“Her hands endured(忍受) long-term rubbing against the oars(船桨)”可知，划船规则禁止使用手套，故选A项。 5．考查动词词组辨析。句意：她的手长期与船桨摩擦，导致起水泡和出血。A. responding to回应；B. leading to导致；C. according to根据；D. adapting to适应；根据上文“Her hands endured(忍受) long-term rubbing against the oars(船桨)”及下文“blisters and bleeding”可知，下文说的是上文的结果，即手长期与船桨摩擦导致了起水泡和出血，故选B项。 6．考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，她的手上长满了老茧。A. usually通常；B. ultimately最终；C. entirely完全；D. unfortunately不幸地；根据下文“her hands were covered with calluses(老茧) over time”可知，下文说的是上文的结果，即长期训练最终使她的手上长满了老茧，故选B项。 7．考查连词词义辨析。句意：尽管父亲对她深感担忧，但他继续鼓励她坚强。A. Because因为；B. Since自从；C. Despite尽管；D. If如果；根据下文“his deep concern for her”和“her father continued to encourage her to be…”可知，前后两句为转折关系，故选C项。 8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. enthusiastic热情的；B. objective客观的；C. confident自信的；D. strong坚强的；根据上文“Sometimes, with blistered hands, she had to continue training the next day without them fully healing”可知，父亲鼓励她坚强，故选D项。 9．考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终她在2022年顺利进入了国家队。A. accurately准确地；B. difficultly困难地；C. smoothly顺利地；D. apparently显然地；根据上文“Zou Jiaqi advanced from the city team to the Zhejiang province women’s lightweight rowing team in 2018”可知，她顺利进入了国家队，故选C项。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她已经获得了多个全国金牌：2020年，作为省队的一员，她在全国赛艇锦标赛上获得了女子轻量级2000米冠军。A. less较少的；B. multiple多个的；C. countless无数的；D. more更多的；根据下文“she won the women’s lightweight 2,000 meters at the National Rowing Championships. And in 2021, she won the gold in the same)”可知，她获得了多个全国金牌，故选B项。 11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她已经获得了多个全国金牌：2020年，作为省队的一员，她在全国赛艇锦标赛上获得了女子轻量级2000米冠军。A. provincial省的；B. urban城市的；C. national国家的；D. rural农村的；根据上文“Zou Jiaqi advanced from the city team to the Zhejiang province women’s lightweight rowing team in 2018”可知，她成为了省队的一员，故选A项。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：2021年，她在同一类别的全国春季赛艇锦标赛上获得金牌。A. chart图表；B. substance物质；C. structure结构；D. category类别；根据上文“she won the women’s lightweight 2,000 meters at the National Rowing Championships”以及下文“at the National Spring Rowing Championships”可知，她在同一类别的比赛中获得金牌，故选D项。 13．考查副词词义辨析。句意：后来，她继续在国家层面表现出色，赢得了更多冠军。A. excellently出色地；B. normally正常地；C. badly糟糕地；D. commonly普遍地；根据下文“winning several more championships”可知，她在国家层面的表现出色，故选A项。 14．考查动词词组辨析。句意：这对组合现在坚定地致力于在明年夏天的巴黎奥运会上登上最高领奖台。A. insisted on坚持；B. determined to决定；C. devoted to致力于；D. appealed to呼吁；根据下文“reaching the highest step of the podium at next summer’s Paris Olympics”可知，她们致力于在奥运会上登上最高领奖台，故选C项。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“当我们凭借教练的帮助在世界锦标赛上获得2024年奥运会的入场券时，我们的下一个目标是在巴黎夺冠，”邱秀萍说。A. ability能力；B. license许可证；C. reputation声誉；D. ticket入场券；根据下文“to the 2024 Olympics”可知，她们获得了奥运会的入场券，故选D项。 Passage 4 Seeing kids doing amazing things, you have to stop. When we tell you a 9- year- old Indian weightlifter, Arshia Goswami, made us do a double take, we aren’t 1 . Arshia, a(n) 2 in the weightlifting world, has been doing this since she was 6 years old. She has 3 weightlifting achievements that many adults couldn’t dream of doing. Arshia 4 her life online, inspiring other children and adults to get into the gym and get 5 . In a recent post, she 6 to lift 165 pounds. She only weighs 55 pounds, 7 to lifting three times her own weight. Focused and fierce, she steps on the mat. The 8 starts, and Arshia gets excited. A pleasing tune plays and Arshia takes a breath. She holds the barbell (杠铃) 9 , and raises 165 pounds off the ground. The video was titled “The youngest and strongest Indian” and people were impressed. She gained 10 from the weightlifting community. One person commented, “It took me years to attempt that weight in my teens.” Another person was concerned about her 11 : “That’s impressive but stay calm. Her face turned red and it meant too much pressure.” But most people were amazed. “That’s 12 technique for that age. Most people don’t have that kind of technique until years in the 13 ,” someone else wrote. The fact that Arshia is so young and so strong was not 14 on her followers. A lot of people 15 her and said, “Unbelievable work! It taught us that everything is possible.” 1. A．hesitating B．kidding C．complaining D．responding 2. A．teacher B．judge C．professional D．audience 3. A．spread B．reported C．attained D．collected 4. A．records B．plans C．changes D．arranges 5. A．known B．fit C．connected D．sincere 6. A．sets out B．comes back C．goes away D．shows off 7. A．opposed B．accustomed C．adapted D．committed 8. A．tournament B．music C．schedule D．project 9. A．randomly B．easily C．freely D．tightly 10. A．respect B．doubt C．experience D．access 11. A．education B．talent C．health D．development 12. A．efficient B．modern C．reliable D．incredible 13. A．stage B．game C．life D．story 14. A．lost B．based C．dependent D．passed 15. A．remembered B．believed C．praised D．welcomed 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．A 7．D 8．B 9．D 10．A 11．C 12．D 13．B 14．A 15．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了孩子也能做出了不起的事情，并且介绍了9岁的印度举重运动员举起165磅杠铃的经历。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们告诉你一个9岁的印度举重运动员，Arshia Goswami，让我们再多看一眼就明白了，我们不是在开玩笑。A. hesitating犹豫；B. kidding开玩笑；C. complaining抱怨；D. responding回复。根据上文“Seeing kids doing amazing things, you have to stop.”可知，这里孩子能做出惊人的事情，所以让读者多看看，是认真的，不是玩笑话，故选B。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Arshia是举重界的一名专业人士，从6岁起就开始练举重。A. teacher老师；B. judge法官；C. professional专业人士；D. audience观众。根据下文“has been doing this since she was 6 years old”可知，Arshi是举重界的专业人士，因为从小就开始练举重，故选C。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她取得了许多成年人做梦也想不到的举重成绩。A. spread传播；B. reported报告；C. attained获得；D. collected收集。根据下文“weightlifting achievements that many adults couldn’t dream of doing”可知，是获得成就，故选C。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Arshia在网上记录了她的生活，鼓励其他孩子和成年人去健身房健身。A. records记录；B. plans计划；C. changes改变；D. arranges安排。根据下文“her life online”可知，是在网上记录生活去鼓励别人，故选A。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. known知名的；B. fit健康的；C. connected有关的；D. sincere真诚的。根据上文“inspiring other children and adults to get into the gym”可知，鼓励其他孩子和成年人去健身房是健身，是为了保持健康，故选B。 6．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在最近的一篇帖子中，她打算举起165磅。A. sets out(怀着目标)开始，着手工作；B. comes back回来；C. goes away离开，消失；D. shows off炫耀。根据下文“She only weighs 55 pounds, 　　7　　 to lifting three times her own weight.”可知，她的目标是举起165磅。故选A。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的体重只有55磅，她决心要举起三倍于自己体重的东西。A. opposed反对；B. accustomed使习惯；C. adapted适应；D. committed承诺，保证。根据下文“Focused and fierce, she steps on the mat.”可知，她下定决心（承诺）要举起165磅，故选D。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：音乐响起，Arshia变得兴奋起来。A. tournament锦标赛；B. music音乐；C. schedule日程安排；D. project项目。根据下文“A pleasing tune plays and Arshia takes a breath.”可知，是音乐响起，故选B。 9．考查副词词义辨析。句意：她紧紧握住杠铃，举起了165磅的杠铃。A. randomly随便地；B. easily容易地；C. freely自由地；D. tightly紧紧的。根据下文“raises 165 pounds off the ground”和常识可知，举重时候应是紧紧抓住杠铃，故选D。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她赢得了举重界的尊重。A. respect尊重； B. doubt怀疑；C. experience经验；D. access入口。根据上文“The video was titled “The youngest and strongest Indian” and people were impressed.”可知，她成功举起了165磅的杠铃，赢得了举重界的尊重，故选A。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：另一个人担心她的健康：“这让人印象深刻，但请保持冷静。她的脸变红了，这意味着压力太大了。”A. education教育；B. talent天才；C. health健康；D. development发展。根据下文“That’s impressive but stay calm. Her face turned red and it meant too much pressure.”可知，这个人担心她的健康。故选C。 12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“对于那个年龄来说，这是不可思议的技术。大多数人在这项运动中好多年才掌握这种技巧。”A. efficient效率高的；B. modern现代的；C. reliable可靠的；D. incredible不可思议的。根据下文“for that age”和前文她的举重经历可知，对于她这个年龄能举起那么重的杠铃是不可思议的，故选D。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. stage阶段；B. game运动；C. life生活；D. story故事。根据上文“Most people don’t have that kind of technique”和前文说的是她举重，可知是举重这项运动，故选B。 14．考查形容词词义辨析和固定短语。句意：Arshia如此年轻和如此强大的事实引起她的追随者的注意。A. lost失去的；B. based有根基的；C. dependent依赖的；D. passed已经通过的。根据下文“A lot of people 　　15　　 her and said, “Unbelievable work! It taught us that everything is possible.””可知是引起追随者的注意，be lost on意为“未被某人理解或者注意”，故选A。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：很多人称赞她说：“令人难以置信的工作!它告诉我们一切皆有可能。”A. remembered记住；B. believed相信；C. praised赞扬；D. welcomed欢迎。根据下文“Unbelievable work! It taught us that everything is possible.”可知，是赞扬的话，故选C。 Passage 5 I had been skiing since childhood. I’d 1 fallen, I’d never crashed into anything, and I’d 2 mostly to the “blue” trails — the ones for intermediate (中级水平的) skiers. Therefore, for my first day on the mountain, I decided to 3 a blue run, one I had done many times before. When I reached the top of the blue trails — only chairlift (缆椅), though, something in the atmosphere 4 . Why was it so cold? Were the blue trails always this sharp? The rhythm of the chairlift started to sound less 5 . It 6 that simply having skied “many times before” didn’t mean I was getting better at it. There’s a large body of 7 showing that practice—or even just doing — doesn’t make us any better at the activity, so it is with skiing. The joy of getting better sometimes comes along with the 8 of getting worse. One afternoon, I took a chairlift with a retired ski 9 named Bob. When I told him I was struggling, he 10 to watch me take an easy slope and assessed what I was doing wrong. Bob 11 me that the learning process looks a lot like backsliding (倒退). When babies first learn to walk, they progress from 12 imitation. Sometimes it seems that we’re losing ground, but we’re actually 13 a new skill. An 14 attempt is often a sign that you’re learning. “You’re skiing better already!” he shouted at me. “Thank you!” I yelled back. Then I skied a few more feet and 15 . 1. A．frequently B．rarely C．mostly D．steadily 2. A．submitted B．reduced C．stuck D．restricted 3. A．tackle B．declare C．change D．skip 4. A．continued B．emerged C．conflicted D．disappeared 5. A．refreshed B．sensitive C．alien D．harmonious 6. A．took on B．turned out C．held on D．worked out 7. A．trend B．custom C．prejudice D．evidence 8. A．pain B．influence C．bonus D．award 9. A．official B．director C．constructor D．instructor 10. A．offered B．learned C．managed D．preferred 11. A．urged B．reminded C．guaranteed D．stimulated 12. A．similar B．regular C．random D．effective 13. A．unlocking B．switching C．testing D．suspending 14. A．anxious B．awkward C．aimless D．early 15. A．fell B．balanced C．proceeded D．abandoned 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．D 6．B 7．D 8．A 9．D 10．A 11．B 12．C 13．A 14．B 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了虽然作者一直滑中级水平的蓝色滑道，但是一次尝试滑山上的蓝色滑道时，却产生了退却的心理，他意识到练习并不能让自己表现得更好，后来他遇到一位退休的教练，教练告诉他有时候人似乎在后退，但实际上是在解锁一项新技能。 1．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我很少摔倒，我从来没有撞到任何东西，而且我大部分时间都坚持走“蓝色”的滑道——中级滑雪者专用的路线。A. frequently经常；B. rarely很少；C. mostly大多数情况下；D. steadily稳定地。根据下文“I’d never crashed into anything”可知，作者滑雪从来没有撞到任何东西，技术应该不错，因此是很少摔倒。故选B。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很少摔倒，我从来没有撞到任何东西，而且我大部分时间都坚持走“蓝色”的滑道——中级滑雪者专用的路线。A. submitted提交；B. reduced减少；C. stuck卡住；D. restricted限制。根据下文“a blue run, one I had done many times before”可知，作者以前滑过多次蓝色的滑道，因此是大部分时间都坚持走这条滑道，stick to sth.是固定短语，意为“坚持……”。故选C。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，在我上山的第一天，我决定应对一条蓝色的滑道，这是我以前做过很多次的。A. tackle处理，应对；B. declare声明；C. change改变；D. skip跳过。根据上文“I’d never crashed into anything”和下文“a blue run, one I had done many times before”可知，作者滑雪从来没有撞到任何东西，技术应该不错，而且以前滑过多次蓝色的滑道，因此应该是这一天决定应对这里的蓝色的滑道。故选A。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我到达蓝色滑道的顶端时，只有缆椅，空气中有些东西在抵触。A. continued继续；B. emerged出现；C. conflicted冲突，抵触；D. disappeared消失。根据下文“Why was it so cold? Were the blue trails always this sharp?”可知，作者在疑问为什么这么冷，蓝色滑道是否一直都这么陡峭，是产生了恐惧的心理，动摇了滑蓝色滑道的想法，因此婉转地说空气中有些东西在抵触。故选C。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：缆椅的节奏听起来不那么和谐了。A. refreshed恢复精神的；B. sensitive敏感的；C. alien陌生的；D. harmonious和谐的。根据上文“Why was it so cold? Were the blue trails always this sharp?”可知，作者在疑问为什么这么冷，蓝色滑道是否一直都这么陡峭，是产生了恐惧的心理，因此缆椅的节奏这个时候听起来也会不那么和谐。故选D。 6．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：结果证明，仅仅“以前滑过很多次”并不意味着我在滑雪方面做得更好。A. took on承担；B. turned out结果是，证明是；C. held on坚持；D. worked out解决。根据上文作者原本想应对这里的蓝色滑道，但是真正到了顶端的时候却产生了退却的心理可知，turned out“结果是，证明是”符合语境，从上文的经历得出下文的结论。故选B。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有大量的证据表明，练习——甚至只是做——并不能让我们在这项活动中表现得更好，滑雪也是如此。A. trend趋势；B. custom习俗；C. prejudice偏见；D. evidence证据。根据下文“practice—or even just doing — doesn’t make us any better at the activity”可知，练习——甚至只是做——并不能让我们在这项活动中表现得更好是一个客观的事实，evidence“证据”符合语境，和showing搭配，表示大量的证据表明表明这一事实。故选D。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时候，变得更好的喜悦伴随着变得更坏的痛苦而来。A. pain痛苦；B. influence影响；C. bonus奖金；D. award奖。根据下文“of getting worse”可知，变得更坏会带来的是痛苦，和上文变得更好的喜悦相呼应。故选A。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天下午，我和一位名叫Bob的退休滑雪教练一起乘坐缆车。A. official官员；B. director导演；C. constructor建造者；D. instructor教练。根据下文“assessed what I was doing wrong”可知，Bob能评估作者做错了什么，因此他应该是退休的滑雪教练。故选D。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我告诉他我在挣扎时，他表示愿意看我选一个简单的滑雪坡道，并评估我做错了什么。A. offered愿意；B. learned学习；C. managed管理；D. preferred偏爱。根据下文“to watch me take an easy slope and assessed what I was doing wrong”可知，Bob看作者选一个简单的滑雪坡道，并评估作者做错了什么，offered“愿意”符合语境，offer to do sth.是固定短语，意为“表示愿意做某事”。故选A。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Bob提醒我，学习的过程看起来很像倒退。A. urged催促；B. reminded提醒；C. guaranteed保证；D. stimulated刺激。根据下文“the learning process looks a lot like backsliding (倒退)”可知，学习的过程看起来很像倒退是一种告诫，因此Bob应该是在提醒作者这一点。故选B。 12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当婴儿刚开始学走路时，他们是从随机模仿开始的。A. similar类似的；B. regular常规的；C. random随机的；D. effective有效的。根据上文“the learning process looks a lot like backsliding (倒退)”可知，Bob先说了学习的过程看起来很像倒退，结合上文“When babies first learn to walk”和常识可知，random“随机的”符合语境，表示婴儿学习走路往往从随机模仿开始，随机的模仿可能正确，也可能错误，契合学习的过程看起来很像倒退的情况。故选C。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时候我们似乎正在后退，但实际上我们正在解锁一项新技能。A. unlocking解锁；B. switching切换；C. testing测试；D. suspending暂停。根据“but”可知，此处语义有转折，前面说似乎正在后退，此处表示但实际却不是这样，而是解锁一项新技能。故选A。 14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一次尴尬的尝试往往是你正在学习的标志。A. anxious焦虑的；B. awkward尴尬的；C. aimless漫无目的的；D. early早的。根据上文“the learning process looks a lot like backsliding (倒退)”可知，学习的过程看起来很像倒退，因此在尝试的时候会出现很多问题，会有一些尴尬。故选B。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我又滑了几英尺，跌跌倒了。A. fell跌倒；B. balanced平衡；C. proceeded继续；D. abandoned遗弃。根据上文“the learning process looks a lot like backsliding (倒退)”可知，学习的过程看起来很像倒退，fell“跌倒”符合语境，表示作者此时有了一点进步，然后跌倒失败了，契合文章表达的反复摸索，反复尝试，慢慢学会的主题。故选A。 $$