Unit 4 Sharing Words and Expressions 单词词汇讲解讲义-2023-2024学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册

X4 U4 单词 1. parcel ['pɑːsl] n.包裹 (UK) package n.包裹,盒，包价旅游 v.打包 parcel delivery 包裹递送 parcel service 包裹服务 a parcel of 一包……, 一堆 2. jam [dʒæm] n.果酱; 堵塞v.塞满，卡住 jammed-jammed-jamming a traffic jam 交通堵塞; 堵车 be in a jam 陷入困境 strawberry jam 草莓酱 3. mail [meɪl] n. 邮件; 信件; 邮政 (US) vt. 邮寄; 发电邮给 mailbox n.邮箱 mailman n.邮递员 一个snail (蜗牛)； 失去tail (尾巴) 头戴vail (面纱)； 独自sail(航行) 身倚rail(栏杆)；大声hail(欢呼) 要买nail (钉子)；忘发mail(邮件) 结果fail (失败)；关进jail(监狱) 4. secondary ['sekəndri] adj.中学的;次要的 secondarily adv.其次 secondary school/education 中学；中等教育 primary school 小学 be secondary to… 第二的; 次要的; 次于…… 5. dust [dʌst] n. 沙土; 灰尘 vi./vt. 擦灰 dusty adj.布满灰尘的 dustbin n.垃圾箱 dustman n.清洁工 duster n.抹布；擦布 dust storm 沙尘暴 6. weed [wiːd] n. 杂草; 野草 (C.) vt./vi. 除杂草 weed [wiːd] n. 杂草; 野草 (C.) vt./vi. 除杂草 seaweed 海草 weed out 清除；剔除；淘汰 7. chorus ['kɔːrəs] n.合唱曲; 合唱团 vt. 合唱; 齐声说 choir [ˈkwaɪə(r)]n.合唱团 virtual choir: 虚拟合唱团 symphony n.交响曲/乐 concert n. 音乐会 in chorus 一起；同时 As expected, everyone agreed in chorus.不出所料，大家齐声表示同意。 9. not to mention 更不用说; 且不说 = let alone:更不用说 mention (to sb.)that… (向某人)说起…… as (is) mentioned above 如上所述 Don’t mention it. 不客气，不用谢 10. rigid ['rɪdʒɪd] adj.死板的;固执的 = stubborn adj.顽固的 rigidly adv.严格地；古板地 rigid rules/attitudes 死板的规则；固执的态度 rigid discipline and duty 严格的纪律和职责 11. bubble ['bʌbl] vi. 起泡; 沸腾;兴奋，激动 bubbly adj.起泡的；多泡的 n.香槟酒 burst sb’s bubble 使某人希望破灭 bubble over with sth 洋溢着（某种感情） (1) She was bubbling over with excitement. 她兴奋不已。 (2) His hope vanished like a bubble. 他的希望化作泡影。 (3) An excited feeling bubbled up inside Ally as she searched the sky. 当艾丽在天空中搜寻时,一种兴奋的感觉涌上心头。 12. chemist ['kemɪst] n. 化学家; 药剂师; 药房 chemistry n.化学 chemical adj.化学的 n. 化学品 13. shade [ʃeɪd] vt. 给…遮挡(光线); 加灯罩; 把…涂暗 shady adj.阴凉的；成荫的 shaded adj.林荫遮蔽的 in the shade 在阴凉处 put sb/sth in the shade 使(某人/物)黯然失色；使相形见绌 14. wrinkle ['rɪŋkl] n. 皱纹 vt./vi. (使脸上)起皱纹; 皱起 wrinkled adj.有皱纹的 wrinkle-free 不皱的；防皱的 wrinkle up 使(脸上)起皱纹 (1) I turned to her, looking at her weary face with more wrinkles and her gray hair. 我转向她，看着她疲惫的脸，皱纹越来越多，头发也灰白了。 (2) She wrinkled her nose as if she had just smelled a bad smell. 她皱着鼻子,好像刚闻到臭味。 (2) The big surprise brought excited tears to her eyes, her wrinkled face glowing with happiness. 这个巨大的惊喜使她热泪盈眶，她那布满皱纹的脸上洋溢着幸福的光芒。 15. forehead ['fɔːhed; 'fɒrɪd] n. 额; 前额 wrinkle (up) one's forehead 皱起额头 Sweat ran from his forehead into his eyes, blurring his vision.汗水从额头流到眼睛里，模糊了他的视线。 16. platform ['plætfɔːm] n. 平台; 站台; 舞台 (1) Then came the moment, and with butterflies in his stomach, he made his way to the platform. 那一刻来了，他忐忑不安地向舞台走去。 (2) It offers a good platform where students can display their talent and improve their ability. 这次活动提供了一个很好的平台，学生们可以展 17. ripe [raɪp] adj. 成熟的; 时机成熟的 ripen v. (使)成熟 ripely adv.成熟地 ripeness n. 成熟 be ripe for 时机成熟；适合于…… 18. leftover ['leftəʊvə(r)] adj. 吃剩的 n. 吃剩的食物; 遗留物 leftover children 留守儿童 leftover food 隔夜菜 19. handshake ['hændʃeɪk] n. 握手 shake hands with sb 和某人握手 = shake one’s hand John smiled and gave him a hearty handshake. 20. drag [dræɡ] vt. 拖; 拽 vt./vi. 缓慢而费力地移动 drag-dragged-dragged drag one’s feet (along) 拖着脚走 drag by 过得很慢；拖沓地进行 drag up   提起（不愿回忆或谈论的事） drag down 使沮丧；使（社会地位等）下降 (1) She dragged her feet as she reluctantly followed her parents. 她不情愿地跟在父母后面,磨磨蹭蹭地走着。 (2) She was standing near a platform, dressed in a plain coat, dragging a suitcase, and holding a plastic bag in the other hand.她站在站台附近，穿着一件朴素的外套，拖着一个手提箱，另一只手拿着一个塑料袋。 (3) With time dragging, a postman on the bike showed up. 随着时间的流逝，一个邮递员骑着自行车出现了。 (4) The last few weeks of the summer really dragged by. 夏天最后的几个星期过得真是慢啊。 21. privilege ['prɪvəlɪdʒ] n. 优惠待遇; 特权 privileged adj.有特权的;荣幸的 have the privilege to do sth./ of doing sth. 有做某事的特权/荣幸 be/feel privileged to do sth 荣幸地做某事 It is a/one’s privilege for sb. to do sth. 做某事是一种/某人的特权/荣幸 I feel greatly privileged to have a chance to stand here, on behalf of all the students, to give a warm welcome to you. 能有机会站在这里，代表全体学生，向你们表示热烈的欢迎，我感到非常荣幸。 22. plug [plʌɡ] vt. 封堵; 补足n. 堵塞物; 插头; 插座 plugged adj.堵塞的；塞紧的 23. disabled [dɪs'eɪbld] adj. 有残疾的; 丧失能力的 able adj.有能力的 enable vt.使能够 disable v.使丧失能力 unable adj.不能 disabled adj.残疾的，丧失能力的 disability n.残疾 24. resign [rɪ'zaɪn] vi./vt. 辞职;辞去 retire v. 退职; 退休; 退出(比赛等); 离开 resignation n.辞职；放弃；顺从 resign from sth 从……辞职 resign as sth 辞去……的职务 25. deserve [dɪ'zɜːv] vt. 值得; 应得; 应受 deserving adj.值得的；应得的 deserved adj. 应得的; 该受的 deservedly adv.应得地；理所当然地 26. lately ['leɪtli] adv. 最近; 不久前;近来 近：recently adv. 最近;近来 late adj.迟的，晚的 later adv.后来 adj.较晚的 latest adj.最近/新的 latter adj.较后的；后者的 27. input ['ɪnpʊt] vt. 输入 n. 情况; 信息; 投入; 输入 input-input/inputted-putting output n./v. 输出 28. tune [tjuːn][ tuːn] n. 曲调; 曲子 vt. 调音; 调节; 调频道 out of tune with 与……不协调/不一致 in tune with… 与……协调/一致 29. contract [kənˈtrækt] vt. 感染(疾病);与…订立合同(或契约) [ˈkɒntrækt ] n.合同; 契约 contractor n.承包人；承包商 contract with 与……签订合同 break a contract 违约 a contract worker 合同工 contract a disease/virus 感染疾病/病毒 30. grant [ɡrɑːnt][ ɡrænt] vt. 同意; 准许n. 拨款 granted adv.不错；的确 grant sb sth = grant sth.to sb. 给予/准予某人某物 take…for granted 认为……理所当然；对……不予重视 take it for granted that… 理所当然地认为…… 31. consultation [ˌkɒnsəl'teɪʃn] n. 咨询;咨询会 consultant n.顾问;咨询师 consult vt. & vi.协商;咨询;请教 consult with sb about/on sth 与某人商量/协商某事 consult sb about sth 咨询/请教某人某事 32. relay['riːleɪ] [rɪ'leɪ] vt. 转发; 转播 n. 接力赛; 接班的人 relay…to… 把……转发给…… a relay race 接力赛 33. criterion [kraɪ'tɪəriən] n.(评判或作决定的)标准; 准则; 原则 criterion—pl. criteria [-riə ] 类似：medium—pl. media bacterium—pl. bacteria phenomenon—pl. phenomena curriculum—pl. curricula 34. stability[stə'bɪləti]: n. 稳定(性); 稳固(性) instability n.不稳定性 stable adj.稳固的；稳定的 stably adv.稳定地；坚固地 unstable adj.不稳定的 35. pray [preɪ] vi./vt. 企盼; 祈祷 prayer n.祷告（的内容） 形近：prey n.猎物 pray that 但愿;祈祷 pray to sb for sb./sth. 为某事/某人祈求某人 She prayed for help and dragged herself forwar. 她一边祈求帮助，一边拖着身子慢慢前行。 36. hypothetical [ˌhaɪpəˈθetɪkl] adj. 假设的；假定的 hypothetically adv.假设地 hypothesis  n. 假设，假说 （复数：hypotheses） hypothesize vt.假设，假定 ( - 1 - ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$