第一部分 专题14 完形填空(word教师用书)-【名师大课堂】2025年新高考英语艺术生总复习必备
2024-12-10
|
30页
|
106人阅读
|
3人下载
教辅
资源信息
| 学段 | 高中 |
| 学科 | 英语 |
| 教材版本 | - |
| 年级 | 高三 |
| 章节 | - |
| 类型 | 教案-讲义 |
| 知识点 | 主题 |
| 使用场景 | 高考复习 |
| 学年 | 2025-2026 |
| 地区(省份) | 全国 |
| 地区(市) | - |
| 地区(区县) | - |
| 文件格式 | DOCX |
| 文件大小 | 292 KB |
| 发布时间 | 2024-12-10 |
| 更新时间 | 2024-12-10 |
| 作者 | 山东文丰苑图书有限公司 |
| 品牌系列 | 名师大课堂·高考总复习艺术生必备 |
| 审核时间 | 2024-09-25 |
| 下载链接 | https://m.zxxk.com/soft/47593697.html |
| 价格 | 6.00储值(1储值=1元) |
| 来源 | 学科网 |
|---|
内容正文:
专题十四 完形填空
[题型说明]
高考完形填空遵循“考查考生综合理解、灵活运用语言知识的能力,突出考查考生在语篇情景中依据上下文灵活运用词汇的能力”这一原则,在一篇内容完整的文章中有目的地挖出一些词汇或短语,要求考生在上下文信息被隔断的情况下对文章进行阅读,通过利用基础知识、阅读能力、思维能力和判断能力对每个空白处的备选选项作出最合理的分析,从而选出最佳选项,使文章主旨鲜明、逻辑严密、内容完整。选文涉及的体裁有记叙文、说明文和议论文,且全国新高考卷设空数为15空,选文篇幅一般介于200—250词,而全国卷设空数为20空,选文篇幅一般介于250—300词。
[命题分析]
从近几年的高考完形填空试题来看,文章在体裁上多以记叙文为主。文章故事性强,同时融合了一些人物的心理活动描写和就某些现象所进行的议论,从而使文章内容更加丰富多样。这就要求考生既要完整地把握故事情节,又要有很好的逻辑思维能力。从文章中所挖空来看,空缺词以实词为主,其中重点考查名词、动词、形容词和副词;而介词、连词等虚词所占比重很小。
[解题技巧]
技巧1 充分利用语境信息
完形填空主要考查考生对语境的理解,所谓语境,就是指文章的上下文,它包括文章语气的一致性、意思的连贯性、表述的合理性、论证的逻辑性等。因此,考生在做题时一定要从整体上把握文章内容,进行连贯性思考,要把每个空白处的含义与前后句的意思联系起来理解,进行合乎逻辑的推理判断,从而选出最符合语境的答案。
(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)I was __23__ that our 15monthold boy would fall into the creek (小溪).I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot.That lasted about ten minutes.
23. A.annoyed B.surprised
C.disappointed D.worried
【解析】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我担心我们15个月大的孩子会掉进小溪里。A.annoyed恼怒的;B.surprised惊讶的;C.disappointed失望的;D.worried担心的。根据下文“I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot.”可推知,此处指作者担心自己的孩子会掉进小溪里,所以才在他的腰上系了一根绳子。故选D。
【答案】 D
技巧2 巧妙利用词汇复现
在做完形填空题时,考生必须借助对上下文的理解才能得出答案,有时首段的信息会决定末段设空题目的答案。有些词语常常重复出现在语篇之中,而词汇复现的语用意义使得语篇中的句子相互衔接和连贯,从而构成一个完整、有机的意义整体。复现信息包括原词复现、同义词和反义词复现、同源词复现等。因此,考生必须注意上下文的连贯性及逻辑性,结合全文语境并运用逻辑思维答题。
(2020·全国Ⅰ)I hate lying to the kids.One day they'll47(wake__up)and discover that everything they've always known about windows is a__48__.
48.A.dream B.lie
C.fantasy D.fact
【解析】 根据上文的I hate lying to the kids.和One day they'll wake up and discover可知,总有一天他们会发现自己所了解的关于窗户的事情是一个谎言。lie意为“谎言”,符合语境,且和lying构成复现关系。dream意为“梦想”;fantasy意为“幻想,想象”;fact意为“事实”。
【答案】 B
技巧3 合理利用逻辑关系
表示上下文逻辑关系的语篇标志词涉及文章的起承转合、上下连贯,如表示并列关系的词或短语有and,as well as等;表示转折关系的词或短语有but,however,though,whereas,nevertheless,yet,on the contrary,otherwise,on the other hand等;表示顺序的词或短语有to begin with,first,firstly,second,secondly,then,next,finally等;表示解释的词或短语有that is to say,in other words等;表示因果的词或短语有so,therefore,thus,because,as a result,consequently,hence,for this reason,since等;表示让步的词或短语有although,though,despite,in spite of,after all,even though,even if等;表示条件关系的词或短语有if,unless,provided that,in case (of)等;表示附加说明、例证的词或短语有likewise,similarly,for example,for instance,incidentally,indeed,in fact,in particular,that is等;表示概括总结的词或短语有in brief,in short,in conclusion,in a word,on the whole,generally speaking,to sum up,to summarize,to conclude等。对于有些设空,抓住这些关键词,理清前后关系就能找出正确选项。
(2020·浙江7月)I couldn't quite believe my__53__(luck) it turned out no one got badly hurt,but the outcome could have been __54__.
54.A.common B.confusing
C.desirable D.awful
【解析】 根据上文的it turned out no one got badly hurt和表转折的连词but并结合常识可知,此处应指,没有人受重伤,但后果本来有可能很可怕。awful意为“可怕的”,符合语境。common意为“常见的”;confusing意为“令人困惑的”;desirable意为“理想的;值得做的”。
【答案】 D
(2022·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)They're part of a new form of the __24__ economy:an online group of house sitters.Throughout their nocost stays in strangers' homes,they feed pets and water plants in the homeowner's absence.
24. A.local B.private
C.sharing D.agricultural
【解析】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:他们是共享经济新形式的一部分:在线看房者。A.local当地的;B.private私人的;C.sharing分享;D.agricultural农业的。根据后文“economy:an online group of house sitters”以及提到他们免费住在陌生人家里,可见是共享经济,故选C。
【答案】 B
技巧4 联系文化和生活常识
考生在做题时,若能积极地调动自己的文化背景知识和生活常识,巧妙地加以运用,特别是注意中西文化的差异,将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程,节省宝贵的时间,顺利地按照作者的思路轻松解题。
No one is born a winner.People make themselves into winners by their own__16__.
16.A.luck B.tests
C.efforts D.nature
【解析】 句意为:没有人天生是赢家。人们通过自己的努力使自己成为赢家。根据常识可知本空应选C项。
【答案】 C
技巧5 注意习惯搭配和常用句型结构
在解题时,可以通过分析习惯用语、固定搭配等知识和句子结构,进行有效的推理判断,从而选出最佳选项。有时,设空处考查对某些句型的具体运用能力,空白处的选项主要是某些句型中常用的关联词。因此,考生应注重平时积累,总结规律,从而快速准确选出正确选项。
(2020·浙江1月)When I__50__my major life decisions,I was still that little girl tearing fullspeed across the lawn.
50.A.regretted B.reviewed
C.made D.explained
【解析】 根据语境可知,此处表示作重大的人生决定时,make a decision是固定搭配,意为“作出决定”。
【答案】 C
(一)
(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)I've been motivated—and demotivated—by other folks' achievement s all my life.
When I was a teenager,a neighborhood friend __1__ a marathon race.Feeling motivated,I started running __2__,but then two things happened.First,a girl I met one day told me she was __3__ for a “super,”referring to a 52.4mile double marathon.Then,the next day I went on my longest run—15 miles.To be honest,I __4__ it!Between the girl making my __5__ seem small and the pure boredom of jogging,I decided that the only __6__ I'd ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!
So I __7__ cycling.I got a good bike and rode a lot.I __8__ of entering cycle races until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister.While she was at work one day,I __9__ her bike and went for a ride.The __10__:The roads there went through large valleys where I'd be riding uphill for miles at a time.I'd never faced such __11__.That day,I got __12__ by about 100 “local”bikers who were used to such roads.When I got back home,suddenly riding my bike didn't seem quite as __13__.
I've __14__ a lot since then.I've come to accept that whatever __15__ I set for myself,they just have to be my own.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。它详细叙述了作者在不同阶段对不同运动(跑步和骑自行车)的兴趣和经历,并通过这些经历反映了作者的成长和心理变化。
1.A.knew B.held
C.won D.quit
C 考查动词词义辨析。句意:我十几岁的时候,一个邻居朋友赢得了马拉松比赛。A.knew知道;B.held抓住;C.won赢得;D.quit退出。根据后文“Feeling motivated”可知,作者有了动力,所以此处应是一个邻居朋友赢得了马拉松比赛。故选C项。
2. A.regularly B.silently
C.proudly D.recently
A 考查副词词义辨析。句意:有了动力,我开始定期跑步,但后来发生了两件事。A.regularly有规律地;B.silently默默地;C.proudly自豪地;D.recently最近。根据前文“Feeling motivated”可知,作者有了动力,所以应是定期跑步,符合语境。故选A项。
3. A.asking B.looking
C.waiting D.training
D 考查动词词义辨析。句意:首先,有一天我遇到的一个女孩告诉我,她正在为“超级”马拉松训练,指的是52.4英里的双马拉松。A.asking要求;B.looking看;C.waiting等待;D.training训练。根据后文“referring to a 52.4mile double marathon”可知,女孩要跑双马拉松,所以此处应是为之训练,符合语境。故选D项。
4. A.made B.believed
C.hated D.deserved
C 考查动词词义辨析。句意:说实话,我讨厌它!A.made制作;B.believed相信;C.hated讨厌;D.deserved值得。根据前文“Then,the next day I went on my longest run—15 miles.”以及后文“Between the girl making my__5__seem small and the pure boredom of jogging”可知,作者最长跑了15 miles和女孩一比微不足道,所以是讨厌这个成绩。故选C项。
5. A.advantage B.achievement
C.contribution D.influence
B 考查名词词义辨析。句意:在那个女孩面前,我的成就显得微不足道,再加上慢跑的无聊,我决定我再跑步的唯一理由就是有一只大狗在追我!A.advantage优势;B.achievement成就;C.contribution贡献;D.influence影响。根据前文“Then,the next day I went on my longest run—15 miles.”以及后文“seem small”可知,作者最长跑了15 miles,而女孩在为52.4 miles做训练,所以应是作者的成就微不足道。故选B项。
6. A.way B.risk
C.place D.reason
D 考查名词词义辨析。句意:在那个女孩面前,我的成就显得微不足道,再加上慢跑的无聊,我决定我再跑步的唯一理由就是有一只大狗在追我!A.way方式;B.risk风险;C.place地方;D.reason理由。根据后文“I'd ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!”可知,有一只大狗在追“我”,“我”才会再跑步,这里说的是跑步的原因。故选D项。
7. A.gave up B.went on
C.turned to D.dealt with
C 考查动词短语辨析。句意:所以我开始骑自行车。A.gave up放弃;B.went on继续;C.turned to转向;D.dealt with处理。根据前文“I decided that the only__6__I'd ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!”可知,作者决定放弃跑步,所以此处应是转向骑自行车。故选C项。
8. A.heard B.dreamed
C.complained D.approved
B 考查动词词义辨析。句意:我梦想着参加自行车比赛,直到我飞到圣地亚哥去看我妹妹。A.heard听到;B.dreamed梦想;C.complained抱怨;D.approved批准。根据后文“of entering cycle races”结合选项可知,此处应是作者梦想着参加自行车比赛,符合语境。故选B项。
9. A.painted B.borrowed
C.bought D.parked
B 考查动词词义辨析。句意:有一天她上班的时候,我借了她的自行车去兜风。A.painted把……描绘成;B.borrowed借;C.bought买;D.parked停(车)。根据前文“I flew to San Diego to visit my sister”以及后文“went for a ride”可知,作者去看妹妹,所以要去骑行的话,应是向妹妹借自行车。故选B项。
10. A.problem B.secret
C.principle D.advice
A 考查名词词义辨析。句意:问题是:那里的道路穿过很大的山谷,我一次要骑上坡好几英里。A.problem问题;B.secret秘密;C.principle原则;D.advice建议。根据后文“I'd be riding uphill for miles at a time.I'd never faced such__11__.”可知,作者要骑上坡好几英里,这对他来说,是一个问题。故选A项。
11. A.dangers B.events
C.opponents D.challenges
D 考查名词词义辨析。句意:我从来没有遇到过这样的挑战。A.dangers危险;B.events事件;C.opponents对手;D.challenges挑战。根据前文“The__10__:The roads there went through large valleys where I'd be riding uphill for miles at a time.”可知,作者要骑上坡好几英里,这对他来说是一个挑战。故选D项。
12. A.passed B.convinced
C.admired D.stopped
A 考查动词词义辨析。句意:那天,我被大约100个习惯了这种道路的“当地”骑自行车的人超过了。A.passed超过;B.convinced说服;C.admired欣赏;D.stopped阻止。根据前文“I'd never faced such__11__.”可知,作者骑上坡好几英里是个挑战,所以是被很多人超过。故选A项。
13. A.reliable B.convenient
C.familiar D.appealing
D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:当我回到家,突然骑自行车似乎不那么吸引人了。A.reliable可信赖的;B.convenient方便的;C.familiar熟悉的;D.appealing吸引人的。根据前文“That day,I got__12__by about 100 ‘local’bikers who were used to such roads.”可知,作者那天骑行被100多人超过,所以此时是觉得骑自行车似乎不那么吸引人了。故选D项。
14. A.traveled B.matured
C.missed D.worried
B 考查动词词义辨析。句意:从那以后我成熟了很多。A.traveled旅行;B.matured (情感和认识)成熟;C.missed思念;D.worried担心。根据后文“I've come to accept that whatever__15__I set for myself,they just have to be my own.”可知,作者不再轻易放弃,所以是成熟了很多。故选B项。
15. A.limits B.dates
C.goals D.tests
C 考查名词词义辨析。句意:我已经开始接受这样一个事实:无论我为自己设定什么目标,它们都必须是我自己的。A.limits限制;B.dates日期;C.goals目标;D.tests测试。根据后文“I set for myself,they just have to be my own.”可知,此处应是“无论我为自己设定什么目标,它们都必须是我自己的”,符合语境。故选C项。
(二)
(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)When I decided to buy a house in Europe ten years ago,I didn't think too long.I liked traveling in France,but when it came to picking my favorite spot to __1__,Italy was the clear winner.
During my first visit to Italy,I __2__ to ask for directions or order in a restaurant.But every time I tried to __3__ a sentence of Italian together,the locals smiled at me and __4__ my language skills.That encouragement helped me to get through the language __5__.After I made Italy my permanent home,I discovered how __6__ Italians are.Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to __7__ me to close the window in my car when rain is coming.It's these small __8__ of kindness that make a new country feel like home.
As a foodie,the way to my heart is through my stomach,and nowhere fuels my __9__ quite like Italy.Each town has its own traditional __10__,and every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another.Families __11__ for big meals on Sundays,birthdays,and whatever other excuses they can __12__.These meals are always __13__ by laughter and joy.Whatever __14__ life in Italy might have,the problems are __15__ once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者十年前选择在意大利定居的原因以及意大利的风土人情。
1. A.study B.rent
C.visit D.settle
D 考查名词词义辨析,句意:我喜欢在法国旅行,但当谈到选择我最喜欢的定居地点时,意大利显然是赢家。A.study学习;B.rent租金;C.visit游览;D.settle定居。根据下文“After I made Italy my permanent home”以及“make a new country feel like home”可推知,此处指作者最喜欢的定居地点。故选D。
2. A.planned B.struggled
C.refused D.happened
B 考查动词词义辨析,句意:在我第一次访问意大利时,我很难问路或在餐馆点餐。A.planned计划;B.struggled斗争、吃力地进行;C.refused拒绝;D.happened出现、发生。根据上文“During my first visit to Italy”可推知,此处指作者第一次到意大利,语言不通,很难沟通交流。故选B。
3. A.string B.hang
C.mix D.match
A 考查动词词义辨析,句意:我试着把一个意大利语句子串在一起,当地人对我微笑,称赞我的语言技能。A.string串起、连成一串;B.hang悬挂;C.mix混合;D.match配对。根据下文“a sentence of Italian together”可推知,此处指作者努力想用意大利语串成一句话。故选A。
4. A.improved B.assessed
C.admired D.praised
D 考查动词词义辨析,句意:我试着把一个意大利语句子串在一起,当地人对我微笑,称赞我的语言技能。A.improved改进;B.assessed评估;C.admired钦佩;D.praised赞扬。根据上文“the locals smiled at me”以及下文“That encouragement”可推知,此处指作者尝试说意大利语,当地人赞扬作者的语言能力。故选D。
5. A.course B.barrier
C.area D.test
B 考查名词词义辨析,句意:这种鼓励帮助我克服了语言障碍。A.course课程;B.barrier障碍;C.area区域;D.test测试。根据上文“the locals smiled at me and praised my language skills.That encouragement helped me”可推知,此处指当地人对作者的鼓励帮助他克服了语言障碍。故选B。
6. A.openminded B.strongwilled
C.warmhearted D.wellinformed
C 考查形容词词义辨析,句意:当我把意大利作为永久的家后,我发现了意大利人是多么的热情。A.openminded思想开明的;B.strongwilled思想坚定的;C.warmhearted热心的;D.wellinformed见多识广的。根据下文邻居的热心行为“Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door”和“close the window in my car when rain is coming.”可推知,此处指邻居是热情的。故选C。
7. A.remind B.allow
C.persuade D.order
A 考查动词词义辨析,句意:邻居们会给我带来新鲜的奶酪,还会在下雨的时候来我家门前提醒我关上车窗。A.remind提醒;B.allow允许;C.persuade说服;D.order命令。根据上文“I discovered how warmhearted Italians are”以及下文“will come to my door”可推知,此处指热心的邻居在下雨的时候来作者家门前提醒他关上车窗。故选A。
8. A.tricks B.promises
C.acts D.duties
C 考查名词词义辨析,句意:正是这些小小的善举让一个新国家有家的感觉。A.tricks技巧;B.promises承诺;C.acts行为;D.duties职责。根据上文“Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to remind me to close the window in my car when rain is coming.”可推知,此处指邻居们的善举。故选C。
9. A.ambition B.success C.appetite D.growth
C 考查名词词义辨析,句意:作为一个美食家,通往我内心的路是通过我的胃,没有什么地方能像意大利那样刺激我的食欲。A.ambition雄心;B.success成功;C.appetite食欲;D.growth发育。根据上文“As a foodie,the way to my heart is through my stomach”可推知,此处指做这是一个美食家,所以应该是刺激食欲。故选C。
10. A.costume B.dish
C.symbol D.tale
B 考查名词词义辨析,句意:每个城镇都有自己的传统菜肴,每个家庭都保存着代代相传的食谱。A.costume服装;B.dish菜肴;C.symbol符号;D.tale故事。根据上文“fuels my appetite”以及下文“every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another”可推知,此处指意大利各地都有传统菜肴。故选B。
11. A.gather B.cheer
C.leave D.wait
A 考查动词词义辨析,句意:一家人在星期天、生日以及他们能想出的任何其他借口聚在一起吃大餐。A.gather集合;B.cheer欢呼;C.leave留下;D.wait等待。根据上文“Families”以及下文“with friends and family”可推知,此处指一家人聚集在一起吃饭。故选A。
12. A.put up with B.stand up for
C.come up with D.make up for
C 考查动词短语辨析,句意:一家人在星期天、生日以及他们能想出的任何其他借口聚在一起吃大餐。A.put up with克服;B.stand up for支持;C.come up with想出;D.make up for弥补。根据上文“whatever other excuses they can”可推知,此处指家人们为了聚在一起吃饭而想出的理由。故选C。
13. A.signaled B.confirmed
C.represented D.accompanied
D 考查动词词义辨析,句意:这些饭菜总是伴随着笑声和喜悦。A.signaled示意;B.confirmed确认;C.represented代表;D.accompanied伴随。根据下文“by laughter and joy”可推知,此处指家人们在一起用餐时伴随着欢声笑语。固定搭配“accompany by”译为“伴随”。故选D。
14. A.disadvantages B.meanings
C.surprises D.opportunities
A 考查名词词义辨析,句意:无论意大利的生活有什么缺点,一旦你和朋友和家人坐下来吃顿大餐,这些问题就会被遗忘。A.disadvantages缺点;B.meanings含义;C.surprises惊喜;D.opportunities机会。根据上文“Whatever”以及下文“the problems”可推知,此处指在意大利的生活有什么不如意之处。故选A。
15. A.created B.forgotten
C.understood D.identified
B 考查动词词义辨析,句意:无论意大利的生活有什么缺点,一旦你和朋友和家人坐下来吃顿大餐,这些问题就会被遗忘。A.created创建;B.forgotten忘记;C.understood理解;D.identified确认。根据上文“Whatever disadvantages life in Italy might have,the problems”以及下文“once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family”可推知,此处指无论在意大利的生活有什么不如意之处,跟家人们吃一顿饭就会忘记不愉快。故选B。
(三)
(2024·浙江1月卷)While taking a 20hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in northwestern China,I had the kind of humbling,educational,and above all else,wonderful __1__ with a local that all travelers long for.A young Chinese man __2__ me on the train.My __3__ friend spoke virtually no English,so I happily took the __4__ to practice my Chinese.
Over several hours,he would tell me about how he had __5__ a twoyear professional school to quickly find a job __6__ highways in order to help support his family.Perhaps the most __7__,however,was the fact that this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor.Without batting an eye,he would __8__ a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American __9__ as a whole.“And what do you all learn about Russian authors?”I __10__ him asking at one point.
It would have been easy to __11__ my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home.But this highly informed,__12__ ,and admirable person prevented me doing so.In the course of a couple of hours,he __13__ me just how much one can gain from __14__ with an open mind,and a willingness to __15__ with locals from all walks of life.
【语篇解读】 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一次在火车上偶遇了一个年轻的中国男子,在交谈中发现,年轻人见多识广、自学成才,是一个令人钦佩的人。
1. A.experiment B.encounter
C.competition D.appointment
B 考查名词词义辨析。句意:我在中国西北部的塔克拉玛干沙漠边缘坐了20个小时的火车时,其间我与一个当地人有了一种谦卑、有教育意义的,最重要的是,美妙的邂逅,这是所有旅行者都渴望的。A.experiment实验;B.encounter邂逅;C.competition比赛;D.appointment任命。根据后文“with a local that all travelers long for”指作者和当地人有了一次美妙的邂逅。故选B。
2. A.treated B.saved
C.lectured D.approached
D 考查动词词义辨析。句意:一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向我走来。A.treated对待;B.saved拯救;C.lectured演讲;D.approached靠近。根据后文“me on the train”以及后文两人交谈,可知一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向作者走来。故选D。
3. A.true B.socalled
C.new D.longlost
C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我的新朋友几乎不会说英语,所以我很高兴地抓住这个机会练习我的中文。A.true真的;B.socalled所谓的;C.new新的;D.longlost很久不见的。根据上文“A young Chinese man”可知,两人是在火车上认识的,所以是新朋友。故选C。
4. A.chance B.advice
C.trouble D.right
A 考查名词词义辨析。句意:我的新朋友几乎不会说英语,所以我很高兴地抓住这个机会练习我的中文。A.chance机会;B.advice建议;C.trouble麻烦;D.right权利。根据后文“to practice my Chinese”可知,作者抓住这个机会练习中文。故选A。
5. A.visited B.financed
C.attended D.founded
C 考查动词词义辨析。句意:在几个小时里,他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业学校,以便迅速找到一份工作,修建高速公路,以帮助支持他的家庭。A.visited拜访;B.financed提供资金;C.attended参加,上(学);D.founded成立。根据后文“a twoyear professional school”可知,指这个年轻人去上了一个为期两年的专业学校。故选C。
6. A.building B.sweeping
C.checking D.guarding
A 考查动词词义辨析。句意:在几个小时里,他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业学校,以便迅速找到一份工作,修建高速公路,以帮助支持他的家庭。A.building修建;B.sweeping打扫;C.checking检查;D.guarding守卫。根据后文“highways in order to help support his family”可知,年轻人修建高速公路,以帮助支持他的家庭。故选A。
7. A.typical B.obvious
C.natural D.remarkable
D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:然而,也许最值得注意的是这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习。A.typical典型的;B.obvious显然的;C.natural自然的;D.remarkable引人注目的。根据后文“this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor.”可知,这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习,这是最值得注意的品质。故选D。
8. A.publish B.quote
C.copy D.download
B 考查动词词义辨析。句意:他会眼都不眨地引用翻译的爱默生的一段话,然后再询问美国作家对文学的整体影响。A.publish出版;B.quote引用;C.copy复制;D.download下载。根据后文“a translated Emerson passage”指引用翻译的爱默生的一段话,故选B。
9. A.writers B.historians
C.workers D.students
A 考查名词词义辨析。句意:他会眼都不眨地引用翻译过的爱默生的一段话,然后再询问美国作家对文学的整体影响。A.writers作者;B.historians历史学家;C.workers工人;D.students学生。根据上文“a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American”以及后文“And what do you all learn about Russian authors?(你们对俄罗斯作家有什么了解?)”可知,年轻人对美国和俄罗斯的作家感兴趣。故选A。
10.A anticipate B.imagine
C.recall D.catch
C 考查动词词义辨析。句意:“你们对俄罗斯作家有什么了解?”我记得他曾经问过。A.anticipate预期;B.imagine想象;C.recall记起;D.catch抓住。根据后文“him asking at one point”可知,作者在回忆年轻人提过的问题。故选C。
11. A.look into B.rely on
C.go over D.deal with
B 考查动词短语辨析。句意:对于这位从未离开过家乡几百英里的公路建设者,我很容易凭空想象。A.look into调查;B.rely on依靠;C.go over复习;D.deal with处理。根据后文“my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home”可知,年轻人从来没有离开过离家几百英里的地方,因此作者很容易依靠自己的假设对他进行判断。故选B。
12. A.wellbehaved B.multiskilled
C.warmhearted D.selfeducated
D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:但这位见多识广、自学成才、令人钦佩的人阻止了我这么做。A.wellbehaved行为端正的;B.multiskilled多技能的;C.warmhearted热心的;D.selfeducated自学的。呼应上文“this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor.(这个人每天在繁重的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习)”,指这个年轻人的自学能力。故选D。
13. A.asked B.warned
C.showed D.promised
C 考查动词词义辨析。句意:在几个小时的时间里,他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行,并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道,会有多么大的收获。A.asked询问;B.warned警告;C.showed展示;D.promised承诺。根据后文“me just how much one can gain from”指年轻人通过自己向作者展示了一个人可以从开放的心态和愿意与各行各业的当地人交往中获得多少收获。故选C。
14. A.traveling B.reading
C.searching D.teaching
A 考查动词词义辨析。句意:在几个小时的时间里,他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行,并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道,会有多么大的收获。A.traveling旅行;B.reading阅读;C.searching搜索;D.teaching教学。根据后文“with an open mind,and a willingness to”结合作者当时在乘火车旅行,所以是指带着开放的心态旅行,故选A。
15.A.cooperate B.side
C.negotiate D.engage
D 考查动词词义辨析。句意:在几个小时的时间里,他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行,并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道,会有多么大的收获。A.cooperate合作;B.side边;C.negotiate协商;D.engage参与。根据后文“with locals from all walks of life”指和各行各业的当地人打交道,应用短语engage with表示“与……接触”。故选D。
(四)
(2024·山东省潍坊市高三二模)I had never picked up a camera before my freshman year in 2012,when my journey to an artist began.For four years,I __1__ GStar School of The Arts,where my __2__ for photography and filmmaking were awaken.
Having seen my first short film,my teacher came over,saying:“You got a good __3__.Why not consider doing this as your profession.I think you've got a __4__ in it”.Then,it clicked.I,therefore,__5__ my bank account and bought my first camera.
Since then,I was amazed by the __6__ the world has to offer.I have to __7__,though:I,shy and chickenhearted,tended to capture naturerelated scenes,__8__ anything to do with people.
As I was __9__ my way I started photographing myself,the only one I felt __10__ with.The camera soon became my strongest __11__,serving as the tool for how I expressed myself.Gradually,I gained enough __12__ to start taking photos of other people,greatly touched by how I was able to __13__ the best in them through the lens (镜头).
Each year,I would look back on all of the shots I did that year and would __14__ them to the first one I ever took in my career.Although the progress seemed substantial,I realized the key to growth as an artist is to never be __15__.This allows me to create progressively better work year after year.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了作者从2012年起在高中阶段发现并培养自己对摄影和电影制作热情的个人经历。文章以第一人称叙述,记录了作者从最初接触相机、受到老师鼓励、决定投身这一领域,到逐渐克服害羞、建立自信,并在艺术道路上不断进步的心路历程。
1. A.designed B.attended
C.assessed D.arranged
B 考查动词词义辨析。句意:我在GStar艺术学院学习了四年,在那里我对摄影和电影制作的热情被唤醒。A.designed 设计;B.attended 参加,出席;C.assessed 评估;D.arranged 安排。根据下文“GStar School of The Arts”可知,此处指作者开始就读于一所艺术学校,attended符合教育背景的描述。故选B。
2. A.duties B.requests
C.passions D.needs
C 考查名词词义辨析。句意:我在GStar艺术学院学习了四年,在那里我对摄影和电影制作的热情被唤醒。A.duties 职责;B.requests 请求;C.passions 热情;D.needs 需求。结合下文“for photography and filmmaking were awaken”可知,作者的艺术追求和热爱在此被激发。故选C。
3. A.heart B.hand
C.eye D.nerve
C 考查名词词义辨析。句意:你的眼光不错。A.heart 心脏;B.hand 手;C.eye 眼睛;D.nerve 神经。根据上文“Having seen my first short film,my teacher came over,saying:“You got a good”和下文“Why not consider doing this as your profession”可知,老师建议作者把这当成职业,说明老师对作者的作品评价很高,got a good eye表示“有很好的审美眼光或观察力”。故选C。
4. A.future B.memory
C.schedule D.certificate
A 考查名词词义辨析。句意:我认为你在这方面有前途。A.future 未来,前途;B.memory 记忆;C.schedule 时间表;D.certificate 证书。根据上文“Why not consider doing this as your profession”可知,老师鼓励作者考虑将此作为职业,表明老师认为作者在这方面有前途。故选A。
5. A.opened B.closed
C.monitored D.emptied
D 考查动词词义辨析。句意:因此,我清空了我的银行账户,买了我的第一台相机。A.opened 打开;B.closed 关闭;C.monitored 监控;D.emptied 清空。根据下文“my bank account and bought my first camera”可知,此处表示作者为了购买相机而花掉了自己的积蓄,清空了银行账户。故选D。
6. A.beauty B.sound
C.lesson D.chance
A 考查名词词义辨析。句意:从那时起,我惊叹于世界所展现的美。A.beauty 美丽;B.sound 声音;C.lesson 课程;D.chance 机会。根据下文“the world has to offer”可知,作者开始摄影,应是对自然或生活中的美景感到惊叹。故选A。
7. A.admit B.judge
C.conclude D.negotiate
A 考查动词词义辨析。句意:但我必须承认:我,害羞又胆小,倾向于捕捉与自然有关的场景,避免与人有关的任何东西。A.admit 承认;B.judge 判断;C.conclude 结论;D.negotiate 协商。根据下文“I,shy and chickenhearted,tended to capture naturerelated scenes,__8__anything to do with people.”可知,此处是作者对自己的性格和拍摄喜好的坦诚陈述,是作者承认的事实。故选A。
8. A.envying B.avoiding
C.prioritizing D.recording
B 考查动词词义辨析。句意:但我必须承认:我,害羞又胆小,倾向于捕捉与自然有关的场景,避免与人有关的任何东西。A.envying 羡慕;B.avoiding 避免;C.prioritizing 优先处理;D.recording 记录。根据上文“tended to capture naturerelated scenes”和下文“anything to do with people”可知,由于作者害羞胆小,所以会避开拍摄人物,选择自然景观。故选B。
9. A.winding B.losing
C.shooting D.clearing
C 考查动词词义辨析。句意:在我拍摄的过程中,我开始给自己拍照,这是我唯一感到自在的拍摄对象。A.winding 蜿蜒;B.losing 失去;C.shooting 拍摄;D.clearing 清理。根据下文“I started photographing myself”可知,此处指作者进行摄影活动,在作者拍摄的过程中,开始给自己拍照。故选C。
10. A.familiar B.comfortable
C.generous D.patient
B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:在我拍摄的过程中,我开始给自己拍照,这是我唯一感到自在的拍摄对象。A.familiar 熟悉的;B.comfortable 舒适的,自在的;C.generous 慷慨的;D.patient 耐心的。根据上文“I started photographing myself”可知,由于是自我拍摄,所以作者感到最舒适、自在。故选B。
11. A.resolve B.voice
C.shoulder D.vision
B 考查名词词义辨析。句意:相机很快成为我最强有力的声音,成为我表达自我的工具。A.resolve 决心;B.voice 声音;C.shoulder 肩膀;D.vision 视野。根据上文“The camera soon became my strongest”和下文“serving as the tool for how I expressed myself”可知,这里是比喻说法,指相机成为作者表达自我情感和观点的媒介,成为自己最强有力的声音。故选B。
12. A.knowledge B.integrity
C.confidence D.insight
C 考查名词词义辨析。句意:渐渐地,我获得了足够的自信,开始为别人拍照,我很感动于我是如何通过镜头展现出他们最好的一面的。A.knowledge 知识;B.integrity 正直;C.confidence 信心;D.insight 洞察力。根据上文“tended to capture naturerelated scenes,__8__ anything to do with people.”和下文“to start taking photos of other people”可知,从拍摄自己到拍摄他人,需要克服心理障碍,积累的是信心。故选C。
13. A.bring out B.comment on
C.call for D.take over
A 考查动词短语辨析。句意:渐渐地,我获得了足够的自信,开始为别人拍照,我很感动于我是如何通过镜头展现出他们最好的一面的。A.bring out 展现,使显出;B.comment on 评论;C.call for 要求;D.take over 接管。根据下文“the best in them through the lens”可知,此处指作者通过摄影技巧捕捉并展现被摄者的美好特质。故选A。
14. A.refer B.relate
C.apply D.compare
D 考查动词词义辨析。句意:每年,我都会回顾那一年我拍的所有照片,并将它们与我职业生涯中拍摄的第一张照片进行比较。A.refer 提及;B.relate 联系;C.apply 应用;D.compare 比较。根据下文“them to the first one I ever took in my career”可知,此处描述作者自我反思和成长的过程,通过比较不同阶段的作品来衡量进步。故选D。
15. A.selfconscious B.selfreliant
C.selfcentered D.selfcontent
D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:虽然进步似乎是实质性的,但我意识到,作为一名艺术家,成长的关键是永远不要自满。A.selfconscious 自觉的;B.selfreliant 自立的;C.selfcentered 自私的;D.selfcontent 自满的。根据下文“This allows me to create progressively better work year after year.”可知,此处强调持续进步的态度,不应满足于现状,成长的关键是永远不要自满。故选D。
(五)
(2024·山东省德州市烟台市高三二模)In the community of Mudgeeraba,a remarkable story has occurred,displaying a more connected society.
Living far from her own family and with her husband having no parents left,Nina,a new mom,was feeling the weight of __1__ in her motherhood journey.Nina found herself __2__ not just for company,but for a unique form of crossgenerational __3__.So she determined to take a __4__ step.
Nina put out a heartfelt __5__ in her community for an “adoptive grandma”for herself and her baby Millie.The outpouring of support was nothing short of __6__.Among the sea of __7__,61yearold Christine,a resident in the same suburb as Nina,emerged as the perfect __8__.Desperate for a grandchild of her own,Christine was seeking for a __9__ for filling the emptiness left by the __10__ of grandchildren in her life.
Since their initial meeting six months ago,Christine has lovingly __11__ the role of Grandma Christine to little Millie,to whom she __12__ she has an unlimited supply of love to give.The newfound relationship goes beyond just a __13__,with weekly park walks and play dates becoming precious moments for both Nina and Christine.
The unexpected __14__ rooted in a simple act of reaching out has not only provided Nina with the care and wisdom of the older generation,dramatically __15__ her tension after giving birth,but offered Christine a sense of purpose and connection in her later years.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位新妈妈妮娜通过社区求助找到了“领养奶奶”克里斯汀,建立起特殊跨代亲情的故事,展现了社区温情与相互扶持的力量,以及如何帮助两位女性在各自的人生阶段中寻找到陪伴与慰藉。
1. A.mistrust B.intervention
C.prejudice D.loneliness
D 考查名词词义辨析。句意:妮娜远离自己的家庭,丈夫也没有父母在世,作为一名新妈妈,她在母亲的旅程中感受到了孤独的重量。A.mistrust不信任;B.intervention干预;C.prejudice偏见;D.loneliness孤独。根据上文“Living far from her own family and with her husband having no parents left,”及下文“not just for company”可知,作为一名新妈妈,她在母亲的旅程中感受到了孤独。故选D。
2. A.answering B.longing
C.preparing D.arranging
B 考查动词词义辨析。句意:妮娜发现自己渴望的不仅仅是陪伴,还有一种独特的跨代援助。A.answering回答;B.longing渴望;C.preparing准备;D.arranging安排。根据上文“Nina,a new mom,was feeling the weight of __1__ in her motherhood journey”可知,妮娜发现自己渴望的不仅仅是陪伴。故选B。
3. A.assistance B.promise
C.respect D.recognition
A 考查名词词义辨析。句意:妮娜发现自己渴望的不仅仅是陪伴,还有一种独特的跨代援助。A.assistance帮助;B.promise承诺;C.respect尊重;D.recognition认可。根据上文“Living far from her own family and with her husband having no parents left,Nina,a new mom,was feeling the weight of __1__ in her motherhood journey.”以及下文“in her community for an ‘adoptive grandma’ for herself and her baby Millie”可知,妮娜还渴望一种独特的跨代援助。故选A。
4. A.debatable B.familiar
C.courageous D.generous
C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:于是,她决定迈出勇敢的一步。A.debatable有争议的;B.familiar熟悉的;C.courageous勇敢的;D.generous慷慨的。根据下文“Nina put out a heartfelt __5__ in her community for an ‘adoptive grandma’ for herself and her baby Millie.”可知,妮娜决定迈出勇敢的一步,为孩子寻找一位“领养奶奶”。故选C。
5. A.statement B.option
C.proposal D.request
D 考查名词词义辨析。句意:妮娜在社区中发出了衷心的请求,为自己和宝宝米莉寻找一位“领养奶奶”。A.statement声明;B.option选择;C.proposal提案;D.request请求。根据下文“for an ‘adoptive grandma’ for herself and her baby Millie.”可知,妮娜在社区中发出了寻找一位“领养奶奶”的请求。故选D。
6. A.unappealing B.convincing
C.heartwarming D.confusing
C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:源源不断的支持是令人暖心的。A.unappealing不吸引人的;B.convincing令人信服的;C.heartwarming暖心的;D.confusing令人困惑的。根据上文“The outpouring of support ”以及下文“The unexpected __14__ rooted in a simple act of reaching out has not only provided Nina with the care and wisdom of the older generation”可知,这种支持是暖心的。故选C。
7. A.comments B.responses
C.discussions D.investigations
B 考查名词词义辨析。句意:在众多响应中,61岁的克里斯汀,和妮娜住在同一个郊区,是最合适的人选。A.comments评论;B.responses回应;C.discussions讨论;D.investigations调查。根据上文“Nina put out a heartfelt __5__ in her community for an ‘adoptive grandma’ for herself and her baby Millie.”可知,妮娜发出请求,很多人做出回应。故选B。
8. A.professional B.relative
C.employer D.match
D 考查名词词义辨析。句意:在众多响应中,61岁的克里斯汀,和妮娜住在同一个郊区,是最合适的人选。A.professional专业人员;B.relative亲戚;C.employer雇主;D.match相配的人或物。根据下文“dramatically __15__ her tension after giving birth,but offered Christine a sense of purpose and connection in her later years”可知,克里斯汀成为最合适的人员,她们成为完美匹配对方情感需求的人。故选D。
9. A.channel B.babysitter
C.witness D.standard
A 考查名词词义辨析。句意:克里斯汀非常想要一个自己的孙子,她在寻找一个渠道来填补她生活中没有孙辈留下的空虚。A.channel途径,方法,渠道;B.babysitter保姆;C.witness目击者;D.standard标准。根据上文“Desperate for a grandchild of her own,”可知,克里斯汀正在寻找一种途径来填补生活中没有孙辈而留下的空虚。故选A。
10. A.departure B.affection
C.absence D.objection
C 考查名词词义辨析。句意:克里斯汀急切地想要一个孙子,她正在寻找一个渠道来填补生活中没有孙辈而留下的空虚。A.departure离开;B.affection喜爱;C.absence缺席,缺乏;D.objection反对。根据上文“filling the emptiness”可知,克里斯汀要填补缺少孙子带来的空虚。故选C。
11. A.reflected upon B.taken on
C.set aside D.applied for
B 考查动词短语辨析。句意:自从他们六个月前第一次见面以来,克里斯汀深情地承担起了米莉的克里斯汀奶奶的角色,对于小米莉,她觉得自己有无限的爱可以给予。A.reflected upon反思;B.taken on承担;C.set aside留出;D.applied for申请。根据下文“the role of Grandma Christine to little Millie”可知,克里斯汀深情地承担起了奶奶的角色。故选B。
12. A.worries B.remembers
C.denies D.feels
D 考查动词词义辨析。句意:自从他们六个月前第一次见面以来,克里斯汀深情地承担起了米莉的克里斯汀奶奶的角色,对于小米莉,她觉得自己有无限的爱可以给予。A.worries担心;B.remembers记住;C.denies否认;D.feels感觉。根据下文“she has an unlimited supply of love to give.”可知,她感觉自己有无限的爱可以给予。故选D。
13. A.limit B.title
C.message D.prize
B 考查名词词义辨析。句意:这段新发现的关系不仅仅是一个头衔,每周一次的公园散步和游戏约会成为尼娜和克莉丝汀的珍贵时刻。A.limit限制;B.title称谓,头衔;C.message信息;D.prize奖品。根据下文“with weekly park walks and play dates becoming precious moments for both Nina and Christine.”可知,这种新的关系让双方获得的不仅仅是个称谓,它还给双方带来了珍贵的快乐时光。故选B。
14. A.discovery B.adventure
C.bond D.reunion
C 考查名词词义辨析。句意:这一意想不到的联系源于一个简单的伸手之举,不仅为Nina提供了老一辈的关怀和智慧,明显地释放了她分娩后的紧张情绪,也为Christine提供了晚年的目标感和联系感。A.discovery发现;B.adventure冒险;C.bond纽带,关系;D.reunion重聚。根据上文“The newfound relationship goes beyond just a __13__,with weekly park walks and play dates becoming precious moments for both Nina and Christine.”可知,妮娜和克里斯汀结成了一种意想不到的关系。故选C。
15. A.releasing B.exposing
C.encouraging D.illustrating
A 考查动词词义辨析。句意:这一意想不到的联系源于一个简单的伸手之举,不仅为Nina提供了老一辈的关怀和智慧,明显地释放了她分娩后的紧张情绪,也为Christine提供了晚年的目标感和联系感。A.releasing释放;B.exposing暴露;C.encouraging鼓励;D.illustrating说明。根据句中“not only provided Nina with the care and wisdom of the older generation”以及空后“her tension after giving birth,”可知,这一意想不到的联系释放了Nina产后紧张的情绪。故选A。
(六)
Every Saturday we trained with the same marathon running club.I had no idea he was blind because he __1__ past me alongside his guide runner.It took a few weeks before I was __2__ asking him what,if anything,he could see.I wasn't just __3__ by his running times.He also had a beautiful smile that lit up the room.
We had our first __4__ date climbing the famous sand dune on Pacific Coast Highway.Eight years into our marriage,Adrian decided to learn to __5__,so he could fulfill his dream of competing in an Ironman triathlon.
Adrian's first lesson was a __6__,but his coach's enthusiasm was shortlived.His next instructor was easy to give in and recommended my husband __7__ swimming.So,being a competitive swimmer in high school,I was __8__ I could teach him.
Soon I realized how much of a __9__ swimming was for my husband,even with a tether rope.His progress at each lesson was slow but __10__.Nearly a month later,he tried without the tether rope,but __11__ going in the wrong direction.Every time I raised my voice over the roaring waves he felt so __12__ by my instructions.
Fortunately these days we laugh because Adrian is even faster than I am.He has grown more __13__ with me when I have to raise my voice.I,__14__,no longer say,“You went the wrong way!”,which makes him feel bad.Instead,I say,“Over here,”to which he __15__ ,and then swims back toward me.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的丈夫是一位盲人,他们在跑步俱乐部相识。结婚八年后,作者的丈夫决定学习游泳,以实现他参加铁人三项比赛的梦想。作者作为一名曾经的游泳健将,自告奋勇地教丈夫游泳,但在这个过程中他们遇到了很多困难。如今,作者的丈夫已经成为了一名优秀的游泳选手,甚至比作者游得还快。
1. A.jumped B.flew
C.rode D.drove
B 考查动词词义辨析。句意:我没有意识到他是盲人,因为他和他的领跑员从我身边飞驰而过。A.jumped跳跃;B.flew飞;C.rode骑行;D.drove驾驶。根据下文“past me alongside his guide runner”可知,作者的丈夫和领跑员跑得很快,就像飞一样。故选B。
2. A.comfortable B.pleased
C.awkward D.anxious
A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:几周后,我才自在地问他,他能看到什么,如果能看到的话。A.comfortable舒服的,自在的;B.pleased高兴的;C.awkward尴尬的;D.anxious焦虑的。根据上文“I had no idea he was blind(我不知道他是盲人)”以及“past me alongside his guide runner”可知,作者一开始不知道丈夫是盲人,所以需要一些时间来适应和调整,之后才自在地问起他的视力情况。故选A。
3. A.influenced B.defeated
C.confused D.impressed
D 考查动词词义辨析。句意:我不仅对他的跑步成绩印象深刻。A.influenced影响;B.defeated击败;C.confused使困惑;D.impressed留下深刻印象。根据下文“He also had a beautiful smile that lit up the room.”可知,作者对丈夫的印象很好,不仅对他的跑步成绩印象深刻,也被他的笑容所吸引。故选D。
4. A.easy B.official
C.vital D.complete
B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我们的第一次正式约会是爬上太平洋海岸公路上著名的沙丘。A.easy容易的;B.official正式的;C.vital至关重要的;D.complete完全的。根据下文“date climbing the famous sand dune on Pacific Coast Highway”以及“Eight years into our marriage”可知,作者和丈夫爬上沙丘约会,后来结婚,可推理出此处说的是他们的第一次正式约会。故选B。
5. A.run B.bike
C.swim D.diet
C 考查动词词义辨析。句意:结婚八年后,Adrian决定学习游泳,这样他就可以实现参加铁人三项比赛的梦想。A.run跑步;B.bike骑行;C.swim游泳;D.diet节食。根据下文“so he could fulfill his dream of competing in an Ironman triathlon.”可知,Adrian 决定学习游泳,因为铁人三项比赛包括游泳、自行车和跑步三个项目。故选C。
6. A.mess B.relief
C.success D.disaster
C 考查名词词义辨析。句意:Adrian的第一节课是很成功的,但他的教练的热情很快就消失了。A.mess混乱;B.relief减轻;C.success成功;D.disaster灾难。根据下文“but his coach's enthusiasm was shortlived.”可知,Adrian的教练的热情很快就消失了,可推理出第一节课很成功。故选C。
7. A.abandon B.keep
C.risk D.appreciate
A 考查动词词义辨析。句意:他的下一个教练很容易就放弃了,并建议我的丈夫放弃游泳。A.abandon放弃;B.keep保持;C.risk冒险;D.appreciate欣赏。根据上文“His next instructor was easy to give in”可知,第二个教练建议Adrian放弃游泳。故选A。
8. A.confident B.doubtful
C.grateful D.fortunate
A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:所以,作为一名高中时的游泳健将,我自信我可以教他。A.confident自信的;B.doubtful怀疑的;C.grateful感激的;D.fortunate幸运的。根据上文“being a competitive swimmer in high school”可知,作者在高中时是一名有竞争力的游泳运动员,对自己的游泳技术很有信心,认为自己可以教丈夫游泳。故选A。
9. A.benefit B.burden
C.regret D.struggle
D 考查名词词义辨析。句意:很快我就意识到游泳对我丈夫来说是多么艰难,即使有牵引绳。A.benefit好处;B.burden负担;C.regret后悔;D.struggle难事。根据下文“His progress at each lesson was slow”可知,丈夫在学习游泳的过程中遇到了很多困难,进展缓慢,这对他来说是艰难的事。故选D。
10. A.slim B.steady
C.hard D.alarming
B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:他每节课的进步都很慢但很稳定。A.slim苗条的;B.steady稳定的;C.hard艰难的;D.alarming令人担忧的。根据上文“His progress at each lesson was slow”中的 but 可知,前后句之间是转折关系,说明虽然进步很慢,但还是有进步的,是稳定的。故选B。
11. A.gradually B.rarely
C.cautiously D.frequently
D 考查副词词义辨析。句意:将近一个月后,他试着不使用牵引绳,但经常走错方向。A.gradually逐渐地;B.rarely很少地;C.cautiously谨慎地;D.frequently频繁地。根据下文“Every time I raised my voice over the roaring waves he felt so”可知,下文说的是作者经常提高嗓门喊丈夫,可知没有了牵引绳,丈夫失去了方向,经常走错方向。故选D。
12. A.encouraged B.worried
C.frustrated D.surprised
C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:每次我在汹涌的海浪上提高嗓门时,他都会对我的指令感到非常沮丧。A.encouraged受到鼓舞的;B.worried担心的;C.frustrated沮丧的;D.surprised惊讶的。根据上文“Every time I raised my voice over the roaring waves”可知,作者在指导丈夫游泳时,声音比较大,这让丈夫感到很沮丧。故选C。
13. A.patient B.careful
C.popular D.disappointed
A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:他对我提高嗓门变得更有耐心了。A.patient耐心的;B.careful小心的;C.popular受欢迎的;D.disappointed失望的。根据上文“Fortunately these days we laugh because Adrian is even faster than I am.”可知,丈夫在游泳方面取得了很大的进步,这也让他对作者的指导更加耐心。故选A。
14. A.in fact B.in brief
C.in turn D.in return
D 考查介词短语辨析。句意:作为回应,我不再说:“你走错了路!”,这让他感觉很糟糕。A.in fact事实上;B.in brief简言之;C.in turn轮流;D.in return作为回应。根据下文“no longer say,‘You went the wrong way!’,which makes him feel bad.”可知,作者也改变了自己的说话方式,作为对丈夫变得更耐心的一种回应,用更加温和的方式指导丈夫游泳。故选D。
15. A.looks B.nods
C.bows D.shouts
B 考查动词词义辨析。句意:相反,我说,“在这里”,他点点头,然后游回我身边。A.looks看;B.nods点头;C.bows鞠躬;D.shouts大喊。根据下文“and then swims back toward me.”可知,丈夫听到了作者的话,并且按照作者的指示游了回来,说明他点头表示明白了作者的意思。故选B。
1.通览全文,抓准主旨
完形填空的命题原则一般是文章第一句不设空,以使得考生快速进入语境,把握整篇文章。试题所选短文是一个整体,词、句、段三者之间存在一定的逻辑关系,因此解题时,考生首先要跳过空处浏览全文,从整体上理解文章大意,把握文章脉络。此时考生不必急于为每一个空处选出答案,可以利用上下文信息进行预测,选出部分答案。对于没有把握的部分先不予处理,集中注意力于上下文,细心推敲,直至最后选出答案。
另外,为了对文章进行准确理解和把握,考生要充分利用文章首句、首段来把握文章主旨大意。有时也应注意将文章的首尾联系起来,以便对文章的主旨把握得更准确。有些文章是按照事情发生、发展的顺序来展开,最后才点明故事的结局,揭示事件的哲理;只有读懂了故事的结局,吃透文章的寓意,考生才能对文章进行准确定位。
2.细读全文,透析文意
从高考完形填空的出题特点看,其干扰项的设置均与语法结构错误无关,重在文意方面的干扰,这是出题者近几年始终坚持的方向。完形填空每个空的四个选项并不是单纯的词义辨析,因为从语法的角度看都是正确的。因此,能恰如其分地传达文意才是选择正确答案或最佳答案的唯一标准。要吃透文意,理解到位,考生应做到以下几点:
(1)注意上下文的内在联系
断章取义、就题论题、忽视上下文的信息提示是考生常犯的错误。考生在做完形填空的过程中,应学会边读边在大脑中存储上下文的信息。信息提示有时出现在前文,有时出现在后文。
(2)注意英汉两种语言的差异,不能简单地互译
命题者深知学生在英语学习过程中的弱点,往往从母语的角度设置干扰项来增加试题难度,考查考生的语言基本功和灵活运用能力,所以在平时的学习中,要逐渐培养自己的“语感”,不要受母语的影响。
(3)发挥逻辑思维能力,挖掘文章寓意
近几年高考完形填空以叙事为主,有时加入一定的议论和说明,内容贴近生活,表层意思易于理解,所以很容易使考生产生“轻敌”心理。有的考生做完一篇完形填空以后,自我感觉不错,但正确率并不高,原因是这些考生仅仅理解了文章的表层含义,而忽略了其深层含义。事实上,高考完形填空文章大都包含一定的哲理、寓意,大多数文章的结尾部分会对文章的思想内容进行一次升华。这就要求考生不仅要明确文章的表层意义,还要挖掘出文章的深层含义,做到“表里一致”。
3.全面验证,厘清逻辑
高考完形填空所选文章都堪称精品,其逻辑必是上下贯通,其结构也必是自然有序、脉络清晰。因此,做完一篇完形填空以后,考生心里对文章的线索、脉络以及主旨、寓意等也应该有一种很“明朗”的感觉;如果做完以后,还是似懂非懂,犹如“雾里看花”,那就证明对文章的把握还不到位,还需要复读全文,验证答案。考生可以从文章的内在逻辑入手,看所选答案是否经得起推敲,是否能自然融入整个语篇。如果有偏离文章主旨或与整篇文章的逻辑相矛盾的答案,就需要重新理解、修正。
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$$
相关资源
由于学科网是一个信息分享及获取的平台,不确保部分用户上传资料的 来源及知识产权归属。如您发现相关资料侵犯您的合法权益,请联系学科网,我们核实后将及时进行处理。