第一部分 专题13 七选五（word教师用书）-【名师大课堂】2025年新高考英语艺术生总复习必备

专题十三　七选五 [题型说明] 该题型的阅读材料长度为300词左右，文中有五处设空，文后有七个选项，要求考生从短文后的七个选项中选出五个能填入文章设空处的最佳选项。该题型要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和前后文联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的关系，对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握，并具备运用语法知识分析和理解长难句的能力。 文中的五处设空一般分布于各个段落的段首、段中或段尾。其选项一般分为三类：主题概括句、过渡句(反映文章结构)、细节理解句(反映上下文逻辑关系)。多余的两个选项也往往从这三个方面设置，例如主题概括句或过于宽泛或以偏概全或偏离主题，过渡句不能反映文章的行文结构，细节理解句与上下文脱节等。 [命题分析] 近年来，高考“7选5”的选文以说明文居多，主要考查标题概括、主题句和过渡句等。今后，对主题句及过渡句的考查将仍是“7选5”的考查重点。 [解题策略] 策略1　分析篇章结构 分析篇章结构及把握全文脉络是解题的关键。语篇通常由段落构成，所以分析篇章结构包括两个层次：一是分析段落之间的层次，也就是语篇层次；二是分析每个段落内部的层次，即句际层次，尤其是选项与前后句之间的逻辑关系，这是确定答案的主要依据。 策略2　辨别语境线索 语境线索主要指反映上下文关系的衔接手段，如篇章结构、原文复现、逻辑关系、连接、指称、同构等。 原文复现是指词或短语的重复出现，但这里不仅是指词或短语的简单重现，还指某一词或短语可能以不同词性、数、格、时态等形式出现，如read，reading，reader，readers，还可能是以同义词、近义词甚至反义词等形式出现。 逻辑关系是指上下文之间内在的、必然的联系，包括时间先后关系、因果关系等。 连接是指用连接词或连接语表明上下文之间的逻辑关系，如and，however。 指称是指用代词替代前文已出现的人物、事件、物品等，如he，she，they。 同构是指上下文使用了相同或类似的句式。 策略3　注意一些关键词 (1)注意代词。代词是用来指代名词或句子的。做题时，一定要注意句中出现的人称代词或指示代词，通过代词在句中所作的成分推断出它指代的成分的类型，进而从选项中找到答案。 (2)注意疑问词。如果选项中或设空处前出现疑问词，一定要把这句话仔细读几遍，因为针对不同疑问词的回答方式是不一样的。比如对why的回答，要有because等表示原因的词；对when的回答，要有表示时间的状语；对where的回答；要有表示地点的状语；对how的回答，要有表示方式或程度的状语等。 (3)注意连接词或短语。 ①因果关系：so，therefore，thus，hence，accordingly，consequently，as a result等； ②并列关系：first，second，third；firstly，secondly，thirdly；first；next，then；in the first place，in the second place；for one thing，for another等； ③转折关系：but，however，nevertheless，nonetheless，instead，though，yet，on the contrary，by contrast，conversely，otherwise等； ④递进关系：also，further，furthermore，moreover，in addition，what's more，not only...but also...等。 [解题步骤] 步骤1　通读整篇文章 快速浏览文章，把握段落文脉，寻找主题句，理出文章的中心，掌握文章结构及文章大意。 注意文章的开始与结束段落，尤其是文章首段及末段的首尾句，因为“开门见山”与“结尾总结”为常见的写作方式。首段的首尾句很可能是全文的主题所在，并可能简要指出了文章的写作思路，有时甚至会以提纲的形式呈现。 步骤2　详读段落 在短时间内，找出每段内容的关键词，注意关键词之间的关系。将所有句子按意义分出层次，再分析各层次之间的关系，明确各段的主题句或主旨大意。 步骤3　定位选项 明确各选项的含义，抓住其关键词，根据文章整体结构与具体内容，将选项填入文中。填写时尤其要注意各选项与前后句之间的衔接手段及句中的衔接标志词。 步骤4　通读复检 将所选答案代入文中，再次通读全文，重点检查逻辑关系。 Passage 1 (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Not all great writers are great spellers.If you want to be published，it's vital to submit a perfect，professionally presented manuscript (原稿)．__1__ No editor is likely to tolerate a writer who does not take the trouble to spell words correctly. I keep two reference books close­by on my desk：dictionary and thesaurus (同义词词典)．I don't trust my laptop's spellchecker.__2__ Of course，these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses，but I'm old­fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers.I use the Concise Oxford Dictionary and the Collins Thesaurus. __3__ It should give you a precise definition of each word，thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar，but not identical.It will also usually show how the word is pronounced. In addition，I have an old two­volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary，picked up a few years ago in a bookshop sale for just 99 pence.Of course，with its 2，672 pages，it's not exactly short.It contains around 163，000 words，plus word combinations and idiomatic phrases.__4__ However，if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage，there's nothing better. For well over a hundred years the most influential English dictionary was Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the English Language published in 1755.“To make dictionaries is dull (乏味) work，” wrote Johnson，illustrating one definition of “dull”．__5__ A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience. A．I don't often use this dictionary. B．It takes no account of the context. C．But I still don't want to replace them. D．But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read. E．Of course，a dictionary is not only for spelling. F．That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes. G．Dictionaries don't always give you enough information. 【语篇解读】　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者使用英语词典的经验和心得以及从中获得的乐趣。 1．F　上文“If you want to be published，it's vital to submit a perfect，professionally presented manuscript(如果你想发表，提交一份完美的、专业的手稿是至关重要的)”提到了完美的、专业的手稿的重要性，手稿中不能有语法和拼写错误是专业的手稿的要求之一。F选项“That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes.(这意味着语法正确，没有拼写错误。)”是对手稿要求的进一步解释说明，符合题意。故选F项。 2．B　上文“I don't trust my laptop's spellchecker.(我不相信我笔记本电脑的拼写检查器。)”提到了作者不相信电脑的拼写检查器；下文“Of course，these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses，but I'm old­fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers.(当然，现在有很多在线词典和同义词库，但我是一个守旧的人，更喜欢精装的书和能用手指翻阅的书页。)”提到了作者更喜欢实体书和能用手指翻阅的书页，说明电子设备可能不会考虑上下文，所以B选项“It takes no account of the context.(它不考虑上下文。)”解释了上文的原因，具有承上启下的作用。故选B项。 3．E　下文“It should give you a precise definition of each word，thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar，but not identical.It will also usually show how the word is pronounced.(它应该给出每个单词的精确定义，从而将其与其他含义相似但不相同的单词区分开来。它通常还会显示单词的发音。)”提到了字典的功能，E选项“Of course，a dictionary is not only for spelling.(当然，字典不仅仅是用来拼写的。)”提到了字典的部分功能，能引起下文内容。故选E项。 4．A　下文“However，if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage，there's nothing better.(然而，如果我需要检查一个单词的来源或查找其用法的例子，没有什么比这更好的了。)”提到了字典的使用情况，A选项“I don't often use this dictionary.(我不经常用这本字典。)”是对字典使用频率的说明，与下文构成转折关系。故选A项。 5．D　上文“ ‘To make dictionaries is dull (乏味) work，’wrote Johnson，illustrating one definition of ‘dull’．(约翰逊在解释‘dull’的一个定义时写道：‘编字典是件无聊的工作(乏味)。’)”提到了编写字典是件乏味的工作，下文“A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience.(花几分钟的时间浏览一两页是一种有益的体验。)”提到浏览字典也是一种阅读的乐趣，D选项“But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.(但是一本字典读起来是一种乐趣。)”是作者对字典的评价，与上文的“乏味”形成对比，与上文构成转折关系。故选D项。 Passage 2 (2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) Overtourism Is For Real：How Can You Help? Travel promotes understanding，expands our minds，makes us better people，and boosts local economies and communities，but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations.__1__ Certainly not.The loss of what travel offers would be unacceptable in today's world.Here are some tips on making wise decisions to minimize pressure on the places we visit and improve our experience. ·Choose mindfully.Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason：they're special.With so many online posts featuring the same places，it's easy to feel like you're missing out.Go somewhere only when the landscape，culture or food deeply draws you.__2__ ·Get creative.The best way to ease pressure on over­touristed destinations is to go somewhere else.Though overtourism is described as a problem affecting the entire world，it's actually concentrated to a small number of extremely popular spots.That means you have tons of less­visited options to choose from.__3__ Why not try a regional alternative or check out a popular destination's lesser­known sights? ·__4__ Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour.You'll compete with fewer tourists，save money，experience a different side of a popular place，and boost the economy when tourism is traditionally slower. Visiting a place that others call home is a privilege(荣幸)．Do your part to preserve what makes a destination special in the first place.__5__ You may be amazed how much closer you'll feel to the people there. A．Visit during off­peak times. B．So，should we stop traveling? C．Travel for you and no one else. D．Can overtourism be avoided then? E．You can still find relatively undiscovered places. F．You'll find yourself virtually alone，or close to it. G．Consider giving back to the communities you're visiting. 【语篇解读】　本文为一篇说明文，介绍了如何避免“过度旅游”的现象。 1．B　前文“Travel promotes understanding，expands our minds，makes us better people，and boosts local economies and communities，but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations.(旅游促进理解，扩展我们的思想，使我们成为更好的人，促进当地经济和社区，但旅游业的快速发展导致了某些地区和目的地的过度旅游)”表明旅游带来了一些问题，后文“The loss of what travel offers would be unacceptable in today's world.(在当今世界，失去旅行所能提供的东西将是不可接受的)”表示不能失去旅行，结合后文“Certainly not.(当然不)”可知，空处提问能否停止旅行，D选项“那么，我们应该停止旅行吗？”符合语境。故选B。 2．C　前文“Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason：they're special.With so many online posts featuring the same places，it's easy to feel like you're missing out.Go somewhere only when the landscape，culture or food deeply draws you.(游客过多的目的地是有原因的：它们很特别。网上有这么多关于同一个地方的帖子，很容易让你觉得你错过了。只有当风景、文化或食物深深吸引你时，才去某个地方)”表明不要跟风旅游，C选项“为你而不是其他人旅行”表明要关注自己在旅行时的感受，忠实自己的感受，不用管其余的建议，符合语境。故选C。 3．E　前文“That means you have tons of less­visited options to choose from.(这意味着你有很多不太受欢迎的选择)”及后文“Why not try a regional alternative or check out a popular destination's lesser­known sights？( 为什么不尝试一个地区性的选择，或者看看一个热门目的地不太为人所知的景点呢)”提出建议，可以选择一些冷门的景点，E选项“你仍然可以找到相对未被发现的地方”语境一致。故选E。 4．A　空处为小标题，根据后文“Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour.(通过跳过重大节假日或高峰时间来最小化影响并最大化体验)”表示旅游时要注意避开高峰期，选择合适的时间，A选项“在非高峰时间参观”概括本段内容。故选A。 5．G　前文“Do your part to preserve what makes a destination special in the first place.(尽你的一份力，从一开始就保护一个目的地的特别之处)”表明旅游时应保护旅游景点，后文“You may be amazed how much closer you'll feel to the people there.(你可能会惊讶地发现你和那里的人感觉如此亲近)”表示这样做的感受，G选项“考虑回馈你所访问的社区”承上启下，符合语境。故选G。 Passage 3 (2024·全国甲卷)What is moderation (适度)? Basically，it means eating only as much food as your body needs.You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal，but not too full.__1__ But it doesn't mean saying goodbye to the foods you love. Take your time.It's important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings.__2__ It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food，so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full. Eat with others whenever possible.Eating alone，specially in front of the TV or computer，often leads to mindless overeating.And be careful about the foods you keep at hand.It's more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready，like cookies.__3__ Control emotional (情绪的) eating.__4__ Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness，loneliness，or boredom.But by learning healthier ways to manage emotions，you can regain control over the food you eat and your feelings. __5__ A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陈代谢)，while eating small，healthy meals keeps your energy up all day.Avoid eating late at night.Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14—16 hours until breakfast the next morning.Studies suggest that eating only when you're most active and giving your digestive system a long break each day may help to regulate weight. A．Eat properly throughout the day. B．We don't always eat just to satisfy hunger. C．Don't swallow a meal on the way to work. D．Most of us need to double the amount we eat. E．Instead，surround yourself with healthy choices. F．For many of us，moderation means eating less than we do now. G．That won't lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating plan. 1．F　上文“Basically，it means eating only as much food as your body needs，You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal，but not too full.(基本上，它意味着只吃你身体需要的食物，你应该在用餐结束时感到满足，但不要太饱)”指出，进餐时不要吃太饱，吃东西要适量。下文“But it doesn't mean saying goodbye to the foods you love.(但这并不意味着要告别你喜欢的食物)”指出，适量进食不是要放弃吃自己喜欢的食物。F项“对我们许多人来说，节制意味着比现在少吃。”解释了何为适量进食。承上启下，符合文意，选项中的“means”与下文一致。故选F项。 2．C　根据上文“Take your time.It's important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings.(慢慢来。放慢脚步，把食物看作是有营养的东西，而不仅仅是会议间隙吃的东西，这一点很重要)”可推知，本段主要建议读者吃东西要细嚼慢咽，不要过于急躁。C项“上班路上不要狼吞虎咽。”承接上文。符合文意。故选C项。 3．E　上文“It's more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready，like cookies.(如果你已经准备好了不健康的零食，比如饼干，那么适量食用就更具挑战性了。)”指出，吃不健康的食物不利于适度饮食，E项“相反，你应该选择健康的食物。”符合文意，建议读者选择健康的食物。选项中的“healthy”与上文中的“unhealthy”相对应。故选E项。 4．B　根据本段首句“Control emotional (情绪的) eating.(控制情绪化进食)”以及下文“Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness，loneliness，or boredom.(我们中的许多人也会求助于食物来处理不愉快的情绪，如悲伤、孤独或无聊)”可推知，本段主要建议读者不要情绪化的进行暴饮暴食，要进行健康饮食。B项“我们吃东西并不总是为了充饥。”指出有些人吃东西并不总是为了充饥，引出下文有些人通过食物发泄情绪，符合语境。故选B项。 5．A　设空处位于段首，总结全段，下文“A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陈代谢)，while eating small，healthy meals keeps your energy up all day.Avoid eating late at night.Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14—16 hours until breakfast the next morning.(健康的早餐可以启动你的新陈代谢，而吃少量健康的食物可以让你一整天都精力充沛，避免在深夜进食。尽量早点吃晚饭，禁食14—16个小时，直到第二天早上吃早餐。)”指出，我们在一天中的每个时间段都要健康饮食。A项“一整天都要适当饮食。”符合语境。故选A项。 Passage 4 (2024·北京卷)If you want to develop maximum credibility (可信性)，is it better to be a hedgehog (刺猬) or a fox? According to Isaiah Berlin，the hedgehog knows one thing very well，and the fox knows a lot of things. Is there a clear advantage of one style over the other? Hedgehog thinkers tend to answer yes.__1__ And they are usually very credible in doing so.According to Jim Hart，the “hedgehog concept”is one of the factors that lead companies to greatness.They focus on one thing and do it really well.They figure out what they are good at.__2__ The hedgehog concept makes perfect sense for companies. __3__ Philip Tate has studied the track records of those folks on the Sunday talk shows who make predictions about what will happen.He has found that hedgehogs are not only wrong more often than foxes，but that they are less likely to recognise or admit that they are wrong when events do not match their predictions. The advantage that foxes have is that they are more likely to seek out new information from a broader range of sources，and are comfortable with uncertainty and new information.__4__ They try to include it in their viewpoint rather than to exclude it from their thinking.They also have a clearer estimation of what they know and don't know. So，which is better? The question can be answered in a foxy hedgehog style.__5__ The choice between being a hedgehog or a fox is a false trade­off.The most effective way to go through life is to try to be that rare mixture known as foxy hedgehog. A．In other words，there are clear advantages for each. B．They are more likely to remember people's mistakes. C．Hence，they have the advantage of clarity and confidence. D．But there can be a downside to concentration on one big thing. E．However，hedgehogs remain open to others' reactions and inputs. F．When something is contradictory to their view，they don't treat it as exceptional. G．They come down squarely on one side or the other and fully support their position. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了拥有“刺猬”型思维方式和“狐狸”型思维方式的两类人对于个人和企业建立信誉度的优劣势。 1．G　根据上文“Hedgehog thinkers tend to answer yes.(拥有‘刺猬’型思维方式的人倾向于给出肯定的答案)”可知，拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人倾向于给出肯定的答案，G项中They 指代上文中的Hedgehog，G项“他们明确地站在一边或另一边，并全力支持自己的立场”说明拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人往往有明确的立场，承接上文，符合语境。故选G。 2．C　根据上文“They focus on one thing and do it really well.They figure out what they are good at.(他们专注于一件事并把它做得很好。他们知道自己擅长什么)”可知，拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人具备优点，他们可以专注于一件事并知道自己擅长什么。C项“因此，他们的优势是(头脑)清楚和自信”进一步说明拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人的优点，承接上文，符合语境。故选C。 3．D　根据下文“He has found that hedgehogs are not only wrong more often than foxes，but that they are less likely to recognise or admit that they are wrong when events do not match their predictions.(他发现，拥有‘刺猬’型思维方式的人不仅比拥有‘狐狸’型思维方式的人更容易出错，而且当事情与他们的预测不相符时他们不太可能意识到，也不太可能承认自己错了)”可知，此处介绍拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人的缺点。D项“但是，把注意力集中在一件大事上可能会有不利的一面”引出下文，介绍拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人具备缺点，符合语境。故选D。 4．F　根据上文“The advantage that foxes have is that they are more likely to seek out new information from a broader range of sources，and are comfortable with uncertainty and new information.(‘狐狸’型思维方式的人的优势在于，他们更有可能从更广泛的来源中寻找新信息，并且对不确定性和新信息感到舒适)”和下文“They try to include it in their viewpoint rather than to exclude it from their thinking.(他们试图将其纳入自己的观点，而不是将其排除在自己的思维之外)”可知，此处介绍拥有“狐狸”型思维方式的人处理事情的方式。F项“当某件事与他们的观点相矛盾时，他们不会把它当作例外”承上启下，符合语境。故选F。 5．A　根据上文“The question can be answered in a foxy hedgehog style.(这个问题可以用‘像狐狸的刺猬’风格来回答)”和下文“The choice between being a hedgehog or a fox is a false trade­off.(成为拥有‘刺猬’型思维方式的人还是拥有‘狐狸’型思维方式的人的选择是一种错误的权衡)”可知，拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人和拥有“狐狸”型思维方式的人各有优势。A项“换句话说，两者都有其明显的优势”承上启下，符合语境。故选A。 Passage 5 (2024·东北三省四市高三联考)Problem­solving skills are increasingly valuable in the workplace and could help you achieve more in your personal life too.Here's how to enhance your strategy. Develop analytical thinking The key to effective problem solving is the ability to break down complex issues into smaller，more manageable components.__1__．This involves systematically deconstructing a problem，understanding its differences and identifying the relationships between its various elements.Improving analytical thinking requires a structured approach.Begin by clearly defining the problem at hand，identifying its key components and recognizing the interconnections between them. Promote creativity __2__．To develop creativity，you must engage in activities that can stimulate your imagination and form new ideas.Additionally，exposing yourself to different fields，experiences and cultures can serve as a source of creative problem solving. Strengthen communication skills Clear and brief communication is the key to effective problem­solving，acting as the bridge that connects diverse perspectives and adjusts individuals toward a common goal.Good communication begins with the art of expression.This needs choosing the right words and structuring information logically.Active listening，on the other hand，is the skill of receiving information with focus.__3__． Learn from mistakes Mistakes are not failures but a good way to success.__4__．Analyze what goes wrong，identify areas for improvement and use this knowledge to inform your future problem­solving efforts.It not only accelerates the learning process but also encourages collective problem­solving skills. __5__ The journey to becoming an expert problem solver is an ongoing process of growth and improvement.Seeking continuous learning opportunities ensures that you stay ahead of changing challenges and acquire the necessary skills.Furthermore，networking with professionals in your field provides a good way of shared learning. A．Stay well informed B．Seek continuous learning C．Improving it requires a structured approach D．Each mistake will give you a chance to think and learn E．Out­of­the­box thinking is essential for problemsolving F．These will make sure your message is easy to understand G．It involves not just hearing words but understandingthe differences 【语篇解读】　这是一篇说明文。解决问题的能力在职场中越来越有价值，也可以帮助你在个人生活中取得更多成就。以下是如何提高这一能力的策略。 1．C　根据上文“The key to effective problem solving is the ability to break down complex issues into smaller，more manageable components.”( 有效解决问题的关键是将复杂问题分解成更小、更易于管理的组件的能力。)根据下文“This involves systematically deconstructing a problem，understanding its differences and identifying the relationships between its various elements.”( 这涉及到系统地解构一个问题，了解其差异，并确定其各种要素之间的关系。)可知，选项承接上下文说明要找到合理的方法。故C选项“改进它需要一种结构化的方法”切题。故选C项。 2．E　根据标题“Promote creativity”(提高创造力)。可知，选项承接上文说明创新思维的重要性。故E选项“创新思维对于解决问题至关重要”。故选E项。 3．G　根据上文“Active listening，on the other hand，is the skill of receiving information with focus.”( 另一方面，积极倾听是一种集中注意力接受信息的技能)可知，选项承接上文说明倾听的内涵。故G选项“它不仅包括听单词，还包括理解不同之处。”切题。故选G项。 4．D　根据上文“Mistakes are not failures but a good way to success.”(错误不是失败，而是成功的好方法)可知，选项承接上文说明错误的作用。故D选项“个错误都会给你一个思考和学习的机会”切题。故选D项。 5．B　根据下文“Seeking continuous learning opportunities ensures that you stay ahead of changing challenges and acquire the necessary skills.”( 寻求持续的学习机会可以确保你走在不断变化的挑战的前面，并获得必要的技能)可知，本段主要是关于要寻求持续学习。故B选项“寻求持续学习”为本段的标题。故选B项。 Passage 6 (2024届山东省滨州市高三二模)We've all been there：you say the wrong thing and you want the ground to swallow you up! __1__　 I called someone the wrong name. What may be worse than not remembering someone's name is calling the person by the wrong name.For instance, you're speaking to a friend's new husband, and you call him by the ex­husband's name.Or you refer to your new boss by the ousted boss's name.Try to acknowledge your mistake with a little humour.Perhaps say, “Oh, I really know you're Mike and not Tom.” __2__ If your mistake obviously insulted a person of authority, such as your boss, again apologize for the lapse. __3__ You just mocked an acquaintance who, you discover too late, is standing nearby.Since the floor isn't going to open up and swallow you whole, you're going to have to deal with this.You must offer an apology, and it must be a good one.Don't say, “I didn't really mean it.” You probably did mean it and denying it will just worsen the error.__4__ Instead, apologize for the effects of what you said. My friend has bad breath. How do you tell your friends they have breath that would kill the devil? Here's an easy, roundabout way: pop a piece of gum into your own mouth and then offer one to your friend.__5__ And if they accept your offer, everyone wins.If not? Well, it depends on how strong your friendship is.You either risk offending your friend with the truth or ignore the problem and excuse yourself to get a breath of fresh air. A．I really put my foot in my mouth. B．Apologize for your slipup and let it drop. C．Whatever the reason, don't make a big deal of it. D．This way, you won't be saying anything outright. E．You'd think these matters would be your business alone. F．Here are some tips on how to deal with awkward situations. G．In other words, don't apologize for what you think, feel, or said about the person. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。讲述了在遇到尴尬情况时如何避免尴尬的方法。 1．F　根据上文“We've all been there: you say the wrong thing and you want the ground to swallow you up! (我们都有过这样的经历：你说错了话，你想让大地吞噬你！)”可知，我们遇到过尴尬的经历，下文讲述缓解尴尬的方法，空处应承上启下，与F项“Here are some tips on how to deal with awkward situations.(这里有一些关于如何处理尴尬情况的提示。)”上下文一致，故选F项。 2．B　根据下文“If your mistake obviously insulted a person of authority, such as your boss, again apologize for the lapse.(如果你错误明显冒犯了权威人士，比如你的老板，再次为你的失误道歉。)”可知，要为自己的过错道歉，与B项“Apologize for your slipup and let it drop.(为你的失误道歉，让它过去吧。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选B项。 3．A　根据下文“You just mocked an acquaintance who, you discover too late, is standing nearby.(你只是嘲笑一个熟人，你发现得太晚了，他就站在附近。)”可知，在不经意的情况下说错话了，与A项“I really put my foot in my mouth.(我确实说错话了。)”上下文一致，符合语境，故选A项。 4．G　根据上文“You probably did mean it and denying it will just worsen the error.(你可能是认真的，否认它只会使错误恶化。)”与下文“Instead, apologize for the effects of what you said.(相反，为你所说的话的影响道歉。)”可知，空处表达的意思与下文相反，与G项“In other words, don't apologize for what you think, feel, or said about the person.(换句话说，不要为你对这个人的想法、感受或言论道歉。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选G项。 5．D　根据上文“How do you tell your friends they have breath that would kill the devil? Here's an easy, roundabout way: pop a piece of gum into your own mouth and then offer one to your friend.(你怎么告诉你的朋友他们有能杀死魔鬼的口气？这里有一个简单而迂回的方法：把一块口香糖塞进自己的嘴里，然后给你的朋友一块。)”可知，可以委婉的告诉朋友有口气，与D项“This way, you won't be saying anything outright.(这样，你就不会直言不讳。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选D项。 Passage 7 How to Fall Back in Love with Reading Do you remember the last time you spent time reading books for pleasure? In the age of digital distractions，it is easy to struggle to find the time and headspace to get lost in literature.__1__The following tips will help you fall in love with reading again. __2__ Whether it's a thriller，romance，or even an on­fiction book about your favorite hobby，make sure you choose something that will hold your attention from beginning to end.If you're unsure where to start，ask your friends or family for recommendations，checkout online reviews，or browse through your local bookstore or library. Set aside time for reading books.Whether it's 5 minutes before bedtime or an hour on your lunch break，carving out sometime in your schedule will make it easier to sit down and read.And if you find that you don't have much free time，try listening to audiobooks.__3__ Keep a reading journal.In your journal，you can write down your thoughts about what you're reading or graffiti pictures inspired by the book.__4__This is a great way to engage with what you're reading on a deeper level and a fun way to document your reading journey. Make reading a social activity.Whether you start a book club with your friends or join an online reading group，being able to discuss what you're reading with others can make the experience more enjoyable.__5__ A．Find a book that interests you. B．Create a positive reading routine. C．But that doesn't mean reading books is a thing of the past! D．By this way，you can easily fit reading into your busy lifestyle. E．Plus，it's a great way to get recommendations for what to read next! F．The others in your book club may come from different backgrounds. G．It doesn't have to be very involved，just a couple of sentences to jog your memory. 【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。介绍了如何重新爱上阅读的方法。 1．C　根据前文“In the age of digital distractions，it is easy to struggle to find the time and headspace to get lost in literature.(在这个数字干扰的时代，我们很容易找不到时间和空间来沉浸在文学中)”以及后文“The following tips will help you fall in love with reading again.(下面的建议将帮助你再次爱上阅读)”可知，前文介绍了我们不再阅读的原因，后文讲述帮助我们再次爱上阅读，所以前后是转折关系，C项“But that doesn't mean reading books is a thing of the past！(但这并不意味着读书是过去的事情！)”符合文意，和前文构成转折关系，并引出下文。故选C项。 2．A　设空位于段首，是本段的中心句，根据后文“Whether it's a thriller，romance，or even an on­fiction book about your favorite hobby，make sure you choose something that will hold your attention from beginning to end.If you're unsure where to start，ask your friends or family for recommendations，checkout online reviews，or browse through your local bookstore or library.(无论是惊悚小说、爱情小说，甚至是一本关于你最喜欢的爱好的小说，确保你选择的东西从头到尾都能吸引你的注意力。如果你不确定从哪里开始，向你的朋友或家人寻求建议，查看在线评论，或浏览当地的书店或图书馆)”可知，本段主要讲述找一本自己最爱看的书，所以A项“Find a book that interests you.(找一本你感兴趣的书)”符合本段主题，为本段中心句。故选A项。 3．D　设空位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“Set aside time for reading books.Whether it's 5 minutes before bedtime or an hour on your lunch break，carving out sometime in your schedule will make it easier to sit down and read.And if you find that you don't have much free time，try listening to audiobooks.(留出时间读书。无论是睡前5分钟还是午休的一个小时，在你的时间表中留出一些时间会让你更容易坐下来阅读。如果你发现你没有太多的空闲时间，试着听有声读物)”可知，D项“By this way，you can easily fit reading into your busy lifestyle.(通过这种方式，你可以很容易地将阅读融入你忙碌的生活方式)”是对前句提到的方法的总结。故选D项。 4．G　根据前文“Keep a reading journal.In your journal，you can write down your thoughts about what you're reading or graffiti pictures inspired by the book.(坚持阅读日记。在你的日记里，你可以写下你对正在阅读的东西的想法，或者涂鸦受书启发的图片)”可知，G项“It doesn't have to be very involved，just a couple of sentences to jog your memory.(不需要很复杂，只要几句话就可以唤起你的记忆)”是对前文的解释说明，符合文意。故选G项。 5．E　设空位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“Make reading a social activity.Whether you start a book club with your friends or join an online reading group，being able to discuss what you're reading with others can make the experience more enjoyable.(让阅读成为一种社交活动。无论你是和朋友一起成立一个读书俱乐部，还是加入一个在线阅读小组，能够和别人讨论你正在读的东西会让你的阅读体验更愉快)”可知，E项“Plus，it's a great way to get recommendations for what to read next！(另外，这是获得下一步阅读建议的好方法！)”是讲述前文方法的好处，符合文艺。故选E项。 Passage 8 Have you ever considered what it would be like to be unable to smile? I hadn't，up until a few months ago，when I found that I actually couldn't. I went to the doctor and was diagnosed with Bell's Palsy­A relatively unknown condition that paralyses one half of the face.This was quite a shock and depressed me enormously.__1__，the story is not about how tough life is，but how awesome it is when God challenges you in different ways. Anyway，smiling is a part of everyday life for me.It is my way of greeting people，of laughing，silent communication and consolidation.__2__．Is it the lifting of the sides of a person's mouth，the twinkling of the eye，or is it something beyond...or should I say behind the physical smile? __3__，I came up with the conclusion that a genuine smile is not merely characterized by the upturning of the corners of the mouth，but by the actions，words，and thoughts of the smiler.This equipped me with hope and confidence.The reason was that I was aware smiling is not just an outward expression，but an inward lifestyle. With this in mind，I set to learning how to smile through my actions.There are a few things I had to change，but it is thanks to this challenge God has given me that I have grown closer to him.__4__． I would really encourage you to smile more often and not just with your face！__5__．For instance，Smile Cards with a chocolate bar/bookmark/bible verse/voucher！Slip it into someone's hand/school bag and let them experience the true smile. A．After thinking about this for a while B．Smiling contributes to a person's life quality C．If I had really grasped the meaning of a smile D．While this was a major bomb dropped on my life E．A smile can be anything making you or someone else joyful F．“Losing”half my face motivated me to rethink what a smile is G．I have become more confident，defeating the depressed un­smilers 【语篇解读】　这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者因患贝尔氏麻痹症而无法微笑，进而重新思考微笑真正含义。 1．D　根据上文“I went to the doctor and was diagnosed with Bell's Palsy­A relatively unknown condition that paralyses one half of the face.This was quite a shock and depressed me enormously.(我去看了医生，被诊断出患有贝尔氏麻痹症——一种相对不为人知的病症，它会使我的半个脸瘫痪。这让我非常震惊，也让我非常沮丧。)”和下文“the story is not about how tough life is，but how awesome it is when God challenges you in different ways.(这个故事不是关于生活有多艰难，而是当上帝以不同的方式挑战你时，它是多么的棒。)”可知，空处需要一个转折句来连接前后文，表明虽然这个病给作者带来了打击，但她从中得到了成长。D项：While this was a major bomb dropped on my life(虽然这对我的生活来说是一个巨大的打击)符合语境。故选D。 2．F　根据上文“Anyway，smiling is a part of everyday life for me.It is my way of greeting people，of laughing，silent communication and consolidation.(无论如何，微笑对我来说是日常生活的一部分。这是我与人打招呼的方式，笑声，无声的交流和巩固。)”下文“Is it the lifting of the sides of a person's mouth，the twinkling of the eye，or is it something beyond...or should I say behind the physical smile？(是嘴角的上扬，眼睛的闪烁，还是别的什么……或者我应该说在身体微笑的背后？)”可知，描述了微笑在作者日常生活中的重要性，接着作者开始思考微笑的真正含义。F项：“Losing”half my face motivated me to rethink what a smile is(“失去”半边脸促使我重新思考什么是微笑) 很好地承接了前文，并引出了后文对微笑定义的探讨，符合语境。故选F。 3．A　根据下文“I came up with the conclusion that a genuine smile is not merely characterized by the upturning of the corners of the mouth，but by the actions，words，and thoughts of the smiler.(我得出了一个结论：真正的微笑不仅仅是嘴角上扬，而是微笑者的行动、言语和思想。)”可知，空后得出结论，这表明作者在此之前进行了一段时间的思考。A项：After thinking about this for a while(在考虑了一会儿之后)是一个合适的过渡句，连接了作者的思考和结论，符合语境。故选A。 4．G　根据上文“With this in mind，I set to learning how to smile through my actions.There are a few things I had to change，but it is thanks to this challenge God has given me that I have grown closer to him.(带着这样的想法，我开始学习如何通过我的行动来微笑。有一些事情我必须改变，但正是由于上帝给了我这个挑战，我才更接近他。)”可知，上文描述了作者通过行动学习如何微笑，并因此与上帝更加亲近。这里需要一个总结性的句子来概括作者的变化和成长。G项：I have become more confident，defeating the depressed un­smilers(我变得更加自信，战胜了那些沮丧的不笑者)既总结了作者的变化，也呼应了前文提到的“我与上帝更加亲近”，符合语境。故选G。 5．E　根据下文“For instance，Smile Cards with a chocolate bar/bookmark/bible verse/voucher！Slip it into someone's hand/school bag and let them experience the true smile.(例如，带有巧克力棒/书签/圣经经文/代金券的微笑卡片！把它塞进别人的手里或书包里，让他们体验真正的微笑。)”可知，下文提到了一些具体的行动建议，这表明这里需要一个引出具体行动建议的句子。E项：A smile can be anything making you or someone else joyful(微笑可以是任何让你或别人快乐的事情)符合语境。故选E。 Passage 9 (2024·江苏省南京市高三二模) Gamba has a lifelong fear of dentists.“It was much easier to accept the toothache，”he says. __1__，there are times when you have to seek proper dental care.Fortunately，many dentists are specially trained in handling fearful patients.A variety of methods are also available to reduce pain and fear when you are in the dentist's chair. The best dentists use simple methods to create a feeling of control.They gently explain what the patient will feel，and for about how long.They frequently ask the patient for permission to continue.__2__．Their working places are barely recognizable as a dentist's office.Free of posters showing the horrors of dental diseases，some even have a fireplace in the waiting room and some have a treatment room overlooking a waterfall.__3__，your body may still fear that chair.Here are some tips that may help you： ·Go to the dentist with someone you trust，such as a close relative who has no fear of dentists.If possible，ask him/her to sit with you during the treatment. ·__4__．Listen to your own music on headphones—a new CD，not one you've heard a lot，so you'll be a little more interested in it.Or find a dental clinic with a TV in the treatment room. ·Try relaxation techniques.Controlled breathing—I taking a big breath，holding it，and letting it out slowly—will slow your heartbeat and relax your muscles. As the pain from Gamba's wisdom teeth worsened，he found support online through a forum for people with dental fear.He also found a dentist，who advertises his skill with fearful patients.“__5__，”Gamba says before going.But the dentist put him so at ease that he agreed to receive treatment right away.And it was painless，he says. A．Add your favorite songs to the playlist B．Shift attention while in the dentist's chair C．It wouldn't be possible without the dentists'support D．I convinced myself that I was just going to talk with the dentist E．Even if your mind tells you you'll be just fine in such circumstances F．Although you would never look forward to a spell in the dentist's chair G．Some dentists even go out of their way to create a nonthreatening environment 【语篇解读】　本文属于说明文。作者详细解释了对于害怕牙医的人来说，如何在必要时寻求适当的牙科护理，并介绍了多种方法来减少在牙医椅子上的疼痛和恐惧。 1．F　根据上文“Gamba has a lifelong fear of dentists.‘It was much easier to accept the toothache，’he says.(甘巴一生都害怕牙医。‘接受牙痛要容易得多，’他说。)”和下文“here are times when you have to seek proper dental care.(有时你必须寻求适当的牙齿护理。)”可知，甘巴害怕看牙医，忍受牙痛，但有时必须寻求适当的牙科治疗。因此，这里需要一个转折来引出即使不愿意也得面对的情况。故F选项“Although you would never look forward to a spell in the dentist's chair (尽管你永远不会期待在牙医的椅子上度过一段时间)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选F。 2．G　根据上文“The best dentists use simple methods to create a feeling of control.They gently explain what the patient will feel，and for about how long.They frequently ask the patient for permission to continue.(最好的牙医使用简单的方法来创造一种控制感。他们会温和地解释病人的感觉，以及持续多久。他们经常请求病人允许他们继续治疗。)”及下文“Their working places are barely recognizable as a dentist's office.Free of posters showing the horrors of dental diseases，some even have a fireplace in the waiting room and some have a treatment room overlooking a waterfall.(他们的工作场所几乎看不出是一家牙医诊所。没有展示牙病可怕的海报，有些甚至在候诊室里有壁炉，有些甚至有一个可以俯瞰瀑布的治疗室。)”可知，此处应衔接关于牙医如何营造轻松环境的信息。因此，G选项“Some dentists even go out of their way to create a nonthreatening environment (有些牙医甚至不遗余力地创造一个无威胁的环境)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选G。 3．E　根据上文“Their working places are barely recognizable as a dentist's office.Free of posters showing the horrors of dental diseases，some even have a fireplace in the waiting room and some have a treatment room overlooking a waterfall.(他们的工作场所几乎看不出是一家牙医诊所。没有展示牙病可怕的海报，有些甚至在候诊室里有壁炉，有些甚至有一个可以俯瞰瀑布的治疗室。)”和下文“your body may still fear that chair.(你的身体可能仍然害怕那把椅子。)”可知，上文提到诊所环境的改变，如瀑布景观等，意在减轻身体上的恐惧感，下文说身体仍然害怕那把椅子。此处作为过渡句，指出即便心理上接受了，身体可能仍会有恐惧反应，E选项“Even if your mind tells you you'll be just fine in such circumstances (即使你的理智告诉你在这种情况下你会没事的)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选E。 4．B　根据下文“Listen to your own music on headphones— a new CD，not one you've heard a lot，so you'll be a little more interested in it.Or find a dental clinic with a TV in the treatment room.(戴上耳机听你自己的音乐——一张新CD，不是你听过很多次的，这样你会对它更感兴趣。或者找一家在治疗室里有电视的牙科诊所。)”可知，本段主要讲述了一些帮助患者在牙医诊疗过程中分散注意力的方法，如听音乐或看电视等。B选项“Shift attention while in the dentist's chair (坐在牙医椅上转移注意力)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选B。 5．D　根据下文“But the dentist put him so at ease that he agreed to receive treatment right away.(但是牙医让他非常放松，以至于他同意马上接受治疗。)”可知，在此之前，甘巴内心是紧张的。D选项“I convinced myself that I was just going to talk with the dentist (我让自己相信我只是去和牙医谈谈)”表明了甘巴试图说服自己以减轻紧张情绪的状态，能引起下文，符合题意。故选D。 高考阅读补全题型的命题形式是给出一篇300词左右的阅读材料，命题人有目的地在文章中挖去5处信息，并提供7个选项，要求考生根据文章结构和内容从7个选项中选出5个合适的选项对应地填回原文5个设空处。考生在备考时，要注意以下几个方面： 一、明确三类题型 1．段首题：所填句子多为主旨句或过渡句。 2．段尾题：所填句子多为总结句或过渡句。 3．段中题：多考查上下文的逻辑关系，以并列、递进、转折、让步、因果、解释、例证居多。 二、熟知两大命题特点 1．主旨要义题：包括要求考生选出段落小标题和主题句。 2．句际关系题：正确选项与上下句之间主要有顺承关系、总分关系、并列排比关系、转折关系、因果关系、解释或重述关系、例证关系或对比关系等。 三、熟悉阅读补全的解题方法和常用技巧，把握答题流程 阅读补全的解题方法和答题流程： 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$