Unit 3 Section Ⅳ Extended reading & Project-【金版教程】2025-2026学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第二册创新导学案word（译林版2020）

新教材·英语　选择性必修·第二册[译林版] Section Ⅳ　Extended reading & Project Acupuncture: magic needles 针灸：神奇的针 One of the most famous Chinese medical treatments is the art of “magic needles”， or Chinese acupuncture. 在最负盛名的中国医术中，有一种“神针”之术，即针灸。 It was developed long ago, perhaps as early as 2000 BCE. •它历史悠久，最早或起源于公元前2000年。 There is evidence that acupuncture dates back to the Stone Age, when stone tools called bian were used to press areas of the body. 有证据显示，针灸始于石器时代，当时一种名为“砭”的石器被用来按压身体部位。 词句自测 ①acupuncture n. 针刺疗法 ②needle n. 针；注射针；指针 ③evidence n. 证据，证明；物证，人证　vt. 证明，表明 ④date__back__to 追溯到，始于，自……至今 ⑤There is evidence that ... 中that引导同位语从句；when引导非限制性定语从句，修饰the Stone Age，动词过去分词called作stone tools的后置定语。 As acupuncture developed, the simple bian stones were replaced by stone needles. 随着针灸的发展，简单的砭被石针替代。 Eventually, metal needles began to appear and took the place of stone needles. 最终，金属针开始出现并取代了石针。 These solid needles are made of different metals, such as gold and silver. 这些实心的针由不同的金属制成，例如金和银。 Some acupuncturists today still use gold and silver needles, but the majority have now switched to stainless steel ones. 如今一些针灸师仍在使用金针和银针，但大多数已经改用不锈钢针了。 词句自测 ⑥solid adj. 实心的；固体的；结实的；纯色的 ⑦switch vi.& vt. 转变；交换；调班　n. 开关，闸；转变，改变 ⑧stainless adj. 不生锈的 ⑨steel n. 钢；钢铁工业 In addition to the changes in material, the shapes of the needles have also changed over time. 除了材质上的变化，针的形状也随着时间不断改变。 Originally, there were nine different kinds of needles, with variations in shape. 起初，有九种不同类型的针，形状各不相同。 Nowadays, the fine sharp needles that measure usually between 15 and 75 millimetres in length are still used, while most of the others have been replaced by more complex medical instruments. 现在，针灸中仍在使用的是又尖又细、长度一般在15至75毫米之间的针，而大部分其他类型的针都已经被更复杂的医疗器械取代了。 词句自测 ⑩millimetre n. 毫米 So what happens during a visit to the acupuncture clinic? 那么，去针灸诊所诊疗时会发生什么呢？ •First, the acupuncturist examines the patient, looking at the patient's skin and tongue, listening to the sound of his or her voice and breathing, and smelling his or her breath. 首先，针灸师会对患者作一番检查，看一下患者的皮肤和舌头，听听患者讲话和呼吸的声音，再闻一下患者呼出的气息。 Then the acupuncturist asks some questions about the patient's condition and feels his or her pulse. 然后，针灸师问一些关于患者的身体状况的问题，然后搭脉。 词句自测 ⑪clinic n. 私人诊所；门诊部；门诊时间 ⑫examine vt. 检查，检验；审查，调查；考，测试；审问 ⑬tongue n. 舌头；语言 ⑭pulse n. 脉搏　vi. 搏动，跳动；洋溢着 ⑮looking at, listening to, and smelling 现在分词短语作伴随状语。 This is a particularly important step according to the energy theory behind acupuncture. 根据针灸背后的能量理论，这是尤为重要的一步。 The acupuncturist can check the pulse in three positions on each wrist, and every one of them is connected with a major body organ. 针灸师能够在每个手腕的三个部位检查脉象，每一处都关联身体的一个主要器官。 By checking all the positions, the acupuncturist can find out which energy channel does not have enough energy. 通过检查所有的部位，针灸师便能知道哪条经络没有足够的能量。 词句自测 ⑯wrist n. 手腕，腕关节 ⑰organ n. 器官；风琴；机构，机关 •According to the results of the check­up, the acupuncturist then selects certain points on the body called acupuncture points. 根据诊断结果，针灸师随后会在患者身上选定一些针灸的点，这些点称作穴位。 •Needles are pushed into the skin at these points so that a health problem can be treated. 针从穴位推入皮肤，这样健康问题就能得到治疗。 Up to now, more than 360 acupuncture points have been identified, each linked to a different part of the body. 目前为止，已有360多个穴位被确认，每个穴位与身体的不同部位相连。 Sometimes the needles are pushed into points near the body part affected by a disease, and sometimes into points that are not so close to it. 下针的穴位有时在患病部位附近，有时又并不靠近。 词句自测 ⑱动词过去分词called作第一个points的后置定语。 ⑲so that引导目的状语从句。 Over the years, acupuncture has been used to treat a wide variety of health problems, including severe pains, blood pressure issues, stomach discomfort, sports injuries and weight problems. 多年来，针灸被用来治疗各种各样的健康问题，包括剧烈疼痛、血压问题、肠胃不适、运动损伤和体重问题等。 And it has been used to treat more than just physical problems—acupuncturists have discovered that the treatment helps with mental problems like depression and anxiety too. 而且它不仅适用于治疗身体疾患——针灸师们发现了这种疗法对抑郁、焦虑等心理问题也有帮助。 Acupuncture has also been applied to treat people who abuse alcohol, tobacco or drugs. 此外，针灸也被用于治疗嗜酒、嗜烟、嗜毒人群。 词句自测 ⑳severe adj. 十分严重的，极为恶劣的；严厉的；艰难的 anxiety n. 焦虑；担心；渴望 abuse vt. 滥用；虐待；辱骂　n. 滥用；虐待；辱骂 alcohol n. 酒精，酒 tobacco n. 烟草 drug n. 毒品；药物 •How acupuncture actually works is not clearly understood. 针灸究竟是怎样产生疗效的尚不清楚。 For example, there are different theories trying to explain how it eases pain, but no agreement has been reached. 例如，有几种不同的理论试图解释针灸如何缓解疼痛，但至今未达成一致。 One theory explaining this phenomenon suggests that acupuncture blocks pain signals from reaching the brain. 一种理论认为这种现象表明针灸阻断了痛感信号向大脑的传导。 Another theory relates acupuncture to the production of a substance in the body which can reduce pain. 另一种理论认为针灸促使身体产生了某种有镇痛作用的物质。 词句自测 phenomenon n. 现象 substance n. 物质；要点 How acupuncture actually works是how引导的主语从句。 Despite the uncertainty about its medical basis, acupuncture has become a popular form of treatment. 尽管其医学基础尚不明确，针灸已然成为一种广受欢迎的疗法。 As a unique contribution of traditional Chinese medicine, acupuncture spread to many other Asian countries, such as Japan, as early as the 6th century. 作为传统中医的一项独特贡献，针灸传播到了亚洲的许多其他国家，比如，最早在公元6世纪便已传入日本。 It was introduced to the West around the 16th century. 公元16世纪左右，它被引入西方。 In 2010, acupuncture was included in the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage List. 2010年，针灸被列入联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗产名录。 Today, acupuncture is recognized as a symbol of traditional Chinese culture and has come into widespread use around the world. 如今，针灸被认为是中国传统文化的一个符号，并且在世界各地得到广泛应用。 The World Health Organization recommends acupuncture as a good treatment for over 100 medical problems. 世界卫生组织将针灸推荐为百余种健康问题的良好疗法。 While doubts about its safety have gradually disappeared, interest continues to grow. 关于其安全性的种种疑虑逐渐消失了，而人们对它的兴趣正与日俱增。 词句自测 symbol n. 象征；符号，代号 widespread adj. 分布广的，普遍的，广泛的 1 evidence n. 证据，证明；物证，人证 vt. 证明，表明(教材P39) 归纳拓展 情景助记 ①At present, we have no evidence of/for life on other planets. 目前，我们没有证据表明其他行星上有生命。 ②There is no evidence to make sure that he was wrong. 没有证据确定他是错的。 ③There is strong evidence that the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide. 有强有力的证据表明，气温上升导致了全球极端天气和自然灾害的增加。 ④The volcano is still active, as evidenced by the recent erupt. 最近的喷发证明，这座火山依然活跃。 ⑤It is evident that the education of the youth is vital to the future of a country. 显然，年轻人的教育对一个国家的未来是至关重要的。 (1)单句语法填空 ①________ (evident) has been found through years of study that children's early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up. ②On average, positive people have stronger immunity, and there is evidence ________ they live longer. ③________ (evident), my younger brother did not tell the truth. ④Another evidence ________ bad luck was that Harry had his cell phone stolen. 答案：①Evidence　②that　③Evidently　④of/for (2)句型转换 Evidently, James has made a mistake in his job, but don't scold him—he is a green hand.(it作形式主语) →____________________________________________________， but don't scold him—he is a green hand. 答案：It is evident that James has made a mistake in his job 2 date back to 追溯到，始于，自……至今(教材P39) 归纳拓展 情景助记 ①The history of the Great Wall can date back to/date from the Qin Dynasty. 长城的历史可以追溯到秦朝。 ②Paper making in China dates back to about 200 BC. 大约公元前200年，中国就开始造纸了。 ③Think how rapidly medical knowledge has gone out of date in recent years. 想一想近些年医学知识更新得有多快。 名师点津　 date back to和date from一般不用于进行时态。在句中作定语时，常用现在分词。 易混辨析：date back to/date back date back to 相当于date from/go back to，后面接时间点，意为“追溯到”，经常用现在分词短语作后置定语或状语。 date back 相当于go back，后面接时间段，意为“追溯，上溯”。 (1)单句语法填空 ①My interest in stamp collecting dates back ________ my schooldays. ②According to the expert, the temple has a history ________ (date) from the early Tang Dynasty. ③We visited an temple which ________ (date) back to 2，000 years ago. 答案：①to　②dating　③dates (2)单句表达 本书中所有照片，除非另有说明，均始于20世纪50年代。 All the photographs in this book, unless stated otherwise, ____________________． 答案：date from the 1950s 3 switch vi.& vt. 转变；交换；调班　n. 开关，闸；转变，改变(教材P39) 归纳拓展 情景助记 ①She worked as a librarian before switching to journalism. 她在转行从事新闻工作前是图书管理员。 ②I just happened to switch over although I haven't been watching the Olympics. 我并没有一直在看奥运会，当时只是恰好换到这个频道。 ③Instead, like humans, they switch rapidly between one thing and another. 而是像人类一样，它们会迅速从一件事切换到另一件事。 ④Please make sure all mobile phones are switched off during the performance. 请确保演出时关上所有手机。 ⑤This switch has decreased pollution in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people. 这一转变减少了该国主要湖泊和水库的污染，使人们的饮用水更安全。 (1)单句语法填空 ①According to the airline rules, we suggest you switch ________ your mobile phone before boarding. ②He made ________ switch from publishing to teaching. ③The young man switched ________ his computer, only to find that the useful information had been deleted. 答案：①off　②a　③on (2)单句表达 我们正在转用新的发票制度。 We're in the process of ____________ to a new system of invoicing. 答案：switching over 4 examine vt. 检查，检验；审查，调查；考，测试；审问(教材P39) 归纳拓展 情景助记 ①The researchers examined various levels of noise on participants as they completed tests of creative thinking. 研究人员在参与者完成创造性思维测试时对他们进行了不同程度的噪音测试。 ②The doctor examined the patient carefully. 医生仔细检查病人。 ③He was examined on (the) suspicion of being an enemy agent. 他因敌特嫌疑而受审查。 ④Do you need to take an examination to go to graduate school? 你进研究所需要参加考试吗？ 易混辨析：examine/inspect/check examine 表示仔细、彻底地查看某物，以便发现更多的信息。也经常用来指“体检；考试”。 inspect 表示比较详细或正式的检查。一般用来强调上级对下级的“视察”。 check 指检验以测试某事物的准确度或真假。多指“核查，核对”。 (1)选词填空(examine/inspect/check) ①I must ________ it before I sign the papers. ②The mayor will ________ our school tomorrow. ③The teacher will ________ the students on everything they have learnt this term. 答案：①check　②inspect　③examine (2)单句表达 期末的时候学生要参加所有学科的考试。 The students __________________ in all subjects at the end of the term. 答案：will be examined 5 Up to now, more than 360 acupuncture points have been identified, each linked to a different part of the body.(教材P39-40) 到目前为止，已有360多个针刺穴位被确认，每个穴位对应身体的一个不同部位。 剖析 each linked是主语＋过去分词的独立主格结构。 归纳拓展 独立主格结构的用法说明： 语法功能 只在句中作状语，表示原因、条件、时间、方式、伴随等。 语法构成 名词/代词＋分词/形容词/副词/介词短语/名词 特点 可置于句首或句尾，常用逗号将其与句子其他成分分开。独立主格结构与句子之间不能使用任何连接词。 其逻辑主语与句子的主语不同。 ①They were talking to the natives, the guide acting as interpreter. 他们正与当地人谈话，导游当译员。 ②He was listening attentively in class, his eyes fixed on the blackboard. 他上课专心听讲，眼睛紧盯着黑板。 ③He came into the room, his nose red with cold. 他进入房间，鼻子冻得通红。 名师点津　 在独立主格结构中，用现在分词和过去分词所表达的意义是不同的。现在分词表示主动的、正在进行的动作或现在的状态，过去分词往往表示被动的、已经完成的动作。独立主格结构有时可以和with的复合结构互换。 Autumn coming, the tree leaves turn yellow and some birds fly to the south. ＝With autumn coming, the tree leaves turn yellow and some birds fly to the south. 秋天来了，树叶变黄了，一些鸟儿飞到了南方。 (1)单句语法填空 ①We worked in pairs, one ________ (pick) peaches and the other carefully putting them into a big box. ②He added that it was affecting everything from bacteria to mammals, humans ________ (include)． 答案：①picking　②included (2)句型转换 The teacher was ill, so the lecture was put off.(独立主格结构) →________________________， the lecture was put off. 答案：The teacher (being) ill 6 anxiety n. 焦虑；担心；渴望(教材P40) 归纳拓展 情景助记 ①Some hospital patients experience high levels of anxiety. 有些住院病人十分焦虑不安。 ②If you're worried about your health, share your anxieties with your doctor. 如果你担心自己的健康，就把你的忧虑告诉医生。 ③The old woman was waiting for the return of her relatives with anxiety. 那位老妇人焦急地等待着亲人的归来。 ④The foreign minister admitted he was still anxious about the situation in the country. 外交部长承认他对该国的局势依然感到忧虑。 ⑤Anxiously I went to bed dreaming about what I would find at the top of this magical mountain. 我焦急地上床睡觉，梦见在这座神奇的山顶上会发现什么。 单句语法填空 ①I was told the Learning Center would provide help for students and I'm anxious ________ (get) help from you now. ②There's tension and ________ (anxious) from the beginning as Nick and Amy battle for your trust. ③Instead of blaming me, he asked me ________ anxiety what was going on. 答案：①to get　②anxiety　③with 7 abuse vt. 滥用；虐待；辱骂　n. 滥用；虐待；辱骂(教材P40) 归纳拓展 ①He alleged that he was verbally abused by other soldiers. 他声称他被其他士兵们口头侮辱了。 ②The new drug has been applied to treat people who abuse alcohol. 这种新药已被用于治疗酗酒者。 ③The government is taking action to fight against drug abuse. 政府正在采取措施打击药物滥用。 ④He was arrested on charges of abuse of power. 他因被指控滥用职权而遭逮捕。 (1)单句语法填空 Alcohol ranks as one of the most widely ________ (abuse) drugs. 答案：abused (2)单句表达 滥用你经理的身份处理此问题是不恰当的。 __________________________________ manager to deal with the matter. 答案：It's improper to abuse your position as 8 symbol n. 象征；符号，代号(教材P40) 归纳拓展 ①Orange trees are more than decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. 橘子树不仅仅是装饰物，它们还是好运和财富的象征。 ②Fe is the chemical symbol for iron. Fe是铁的化学符号。 ③The use of light and dark symbolizes good and evil. 用光明和黑暗来象征善与恶。 易混辨析：symbol/sign/signal/mark symbol 指作为象征或表达某种深邃意义的特殊事物。 sign 指代表某种固定意义的符号或标志，也可指某种情况的迹象或征兆。 signal 指用于传达某些信息的约定俗成的信号。 mark 指在其他事物上留下的印痕或先天固有的标记。 (1)单句语法填空 ①People threw flowers into the river between the two countries as a ________ (symbol) act of brotherhood. ②In Chinese tradition, red is a common symbol of good fortune because it ________ (symbol) energy and happiness. 答案：①symbolic　②symbolizes (2)单句表达 在西方文化中，白色一向象征纯洁。 White has always been ________________ purity in Western culture. 答案：a symbol of 9 While doubts about its safety have gradually disappeared, interest continues to grow.(教材P40) 关于其安全性的种种疑虑逐渐消失了，而人们对它的兴趣与日俱增。 剖析 while为并列连词，意为“而，然而”，连接两个表示对比或转折的并列分句。 归纳 拓展 (1)while用作从属连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时，和……同时”，从句谓语动词必须是延续性动词。 (2)while用作从属连词，引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”， 一般放在句首，而不放在句末。 (3)while用作从属连词，引导条件状语从句，意为“只要”。 (4)while用作名词，意为“一会儿”。 (1)写出下列句子中while的词性和含义 ①The telephone rang while I was walking in the garden.________ ②While I admit it's difficult, I can solve it.________ ③Some people waste food while others haven't enough.________ ④We can surely overcome these difficulties while we are closely united.________ ⑤I lay on the ground at once and after a while, it was beginning to swell up.________ 答案：①conj. 当……时　②conj. 尽管　③conj. 然而　④conj. 只要　⑤n. 一会儿 (2)单句表达 当我们正在河中游泳时，看见一条鱼跃出了水面。 __________________________ in the river, we saw a fish jump out of the water. 答案：While we were swimming Ⅰ.根据语境及汉语提示和首字母提示完成句子 1．Fujian has shut down the chicken markets where human ________ (感染) of H7N9 were found. 答案：infections 2．Once he saw his daughter back safe, his ________ (焦虑) disappeared. 答案：anxiety 3．To the public's delight, a large number of government officials who ________ (滥用) their power have been well punished. 答案：abused 4．She had refused all ________ (固体的) food. 答案：solid 5．We must not touch the ________ (开关) under any circumstances. 答案：switch 6．The doctor e________ her but could find nothing wrong. 答案：examined 7．He said drought had led to s________ crop failure for the second year. 答案：severe 8．There is strong e________ that reading is beneficial to one's success. 答案：evidence 9．The p________ that the earth is becoming warmer has attracted a great deal of attention. 答案：phenomenon 10．Although dragon doesn't exist, we still take it as a s________ of our nation. 答案：symbol Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．I found the evidence ________ it was Tom who broadcast the false news. 答案：that 2．After failing in business, he decided to switch ________ other professions. 答案：to 3．In the face of poor ________ (examine) results, he had to throw in the towel. 答案：examination 4．The lack of iron ore has ________ (severe) affected the development of the local steel industry. 答案：severely 5．With the evidence provided, her ________ (anxious) was greatly relieved. 答案：anxiety 6．She abused her position ________ principal by giving jobs to her friends. 答案：as 7．The fundamental reason of these environmental pollution ________ (phenomenon) is that the government has not issued a ban. 答案：phenomena 8．A lot of Latin－American officials are stressing the ________ (symbol) importance of the trip. 答案：symbolic 9．The risk of ________ (infect) will ascend if a person doesn't get enough exercise. 答案：infection 10．________ Tom's very good at science, his brother is absolutely hopeless. 答案：While Ⅲ.单句表达 1．保障人们的住房需求被看作是最大的民生。 Ensuring people's housing needs ____________________ the biggest livelihood. 答案：is recognized as 2．有证据表明适当的广告可以提高产品的销量。 ____________________ proper advertising can improve the sales of products. 答案：There's evidence that 3．你或许可以从你对手身上学点东西以便提升自己。 Maybe you can learn something from your opponent ____________________ improve yourself. 答案：so that you can 4．尽管互联网对我们有很大的帮助，我认为在这方面花太多的时间并不是个好主意。 ______________________________________， I don't think it is a good idea to spend too much time on it. 答案：While the Internet is of great help to us 5．那座石结构建筑物追溯到明朝时期。 That stone structure ________________ the Ming Dynasty. 答案：dates back to 课后课时作业 Ⅰ　阅读 Plastic baby bottles produce micro－plastics when heated. Should you be worried about their side－effects？ We still don't have enough evidence of health risks posed by micro－plastics to infants or adults. “The last thing we want to do is unduly alarm parents，” said John Boland, a professor at Trinity College Dublin in Ireland and one of the authors of the Nature Food study. While the health effects of micro－plastics are still unknown, parents can significantly reduce their infants' exposure by adding some steps to their bottle preparation routine, Boland said. He recommended letting plastic bottles cool completely after sterilization (消毒) in hot water, then washing them out at least three times with water that's been allowed to cool to room temperature after being sterilized by boiling. Researchers here also found that plastic tea pots, plastic instant noodle cups and plastic food storage containers all released similarly high levels of micro－plastics when subjected to heat. As for what those micro－plastics may be doing in our bodies, the evidence so far is quite limited and unclear. Schwabl, another professor, said that points to a need for more research into micro－plastics released from plastic food storage containers, especially when they are subjected to high temperatures. He noted some research has found micro－plastics can cause inflammation (发炎) of the organs, while other studies show they do not harm. “The threshold (界限) at which they cause problems has not been determined for humans，” Schwabl said. For now, Schwabl agrees we shouldn't panic. He's avoiding plastic containers in his daily life—“not so much that I am afraid of the absorption, but I think I may be contributing to reducing the amount of plastic waste that makes its way into the environment.” At the moment, there is no need to be afraid, but it is an open question and still in need of further research. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了微塑料的释放情况以及目前的研究现状——目前没有足够的证据证明微塑料对人体有害，因此人们不用过度担心。 1．What does the underlined word “unduly” mean in Paragraph 2? A．Properly. B．Extremely. C．Obviously. D．Specially. 答案：B　词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“We still don't have enough evidence of health risks posed by micro－plastics to infants or adults.”以及第二段中的“While the health effects of micro－plastics are still unknown, parents can significantly reduce their infants' exposure by adding some steps to their bottle preparation routine”可知，还没有足够的证据证明微塑料有害，家长可以在瓶子的常规准备工作中增加步骤来减少婴儿与微塑料的接触；再根据画线词前的“The last thing we want to do”可知，科学家不想让家长过度担心。画线词与B项意思相近。故选B。 2．Which factor counts in the release of micro－plastics? A．Temperature. B．Products. C．Time. D．Containers. 答案：A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“He recommended letting plastic bottles cool completely after sterilization (消毒) in hot water ... all released similarly high levels of micro－plastics when subjected to heat.”可知，塑料制品在加热时会释放微塑料，故温度很重要。故选A。 3．What's Schwabl's attitude towards micro－plastics? A．Panic. B．Concerned. C．Indifferent. D．Critical. 答案：B　推理判断题。根据第三段的内容可知，Schwabl(施瓦布)指出了有关微塑料的研究结果，说人们不用对此惊慌，同时说自己避免使用塑料容器的原因是不想让塑料污染环境，而不是怕吸收微塑料，由此可推知，他比较关注微塑料。故选B。 4．How is the passage developed? A．By providing the examples. B．By reasoning. C．By analyzing the figures. D．By comparing the findings. 答案：D　推理判断题。作者在第一、第二段中指出，研究者们发现奶瓶、茶壶等塑料容器在加热的情况下会释放微塑料，在第三段中比较了不同研究中对于微塑料对人体产生的影响的结论，故本文是通过比较不同的研究成果来展开的。故选D。 1．side－effect n. 副作用 2.exposure n. 接触；暴露 3．release v. 释放 subject ... to ... 使遭受，使经受 Ⅱ　七选五 We've long been taught that helping others helps ourselves. As Charles Dickens wrote, “No one is useless in this world who lightens the burdens of another.” Science has shown that unselfish behaviors actually do improve our health. 1 It can reduce the risk for cognitive impairment (认知障碍). It can even help us live longer. 2 A 2017 study found pain sufferers who volunteered reported decreased pain along with an improved sense of purpose. A new series of studies may have found one reason. Regions of the brain that react to painful stimulation seem to instantly disappear by the experience of giving. In another study, the researchers employed cancer patients living with pain and asked them to cook and clean for themselves or for the benefit of others at their treatment center. 3 When they did the work for their own personal benefit, the pain­relieving effect was reduced by over 62%. In addition, the study found it was the meaning people gave to their good deeds that predicted how much pain the brain would perceive. Researchers believe the medicine should consider using unselfish “supplement therapies (补充疗法) to treat pain”. 4 A reduced sense of pain combined with feel­good chemicals—it seems our brains reward us for helping others even when we're not expecting anything in return. 5 It is a good way to improve your health and others. A．It is true for volunteers. B．Helping others helps ourselves. C．However, more research is needed about the idea. D．It also appears that giving can help us cope with pain. E．When they were helping others, their pain levels dropped. F．Volunteering, for example, has been shown to reduce stress and improve depression. G．Sounds like a great reason to put volunteering and other giving behaviors on your to­do list. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了无私行为和志愿活动能够给人带来的身体上的好处，尤其是对于缓解疼痛方面的好处。 1．F　根据本段主旨句“Science has shown that unselfish behaviors actually do improve our health.”可知，本段在讲述无私行为对于健康方面的好处，因此设空处应是讲述具体的好处。F项(例如，志愿活动已经被证明可以减轻压力，改善抑郁。)提到了具体好处，且句中“Volunteering”为前文“unselfish behaviors”的具体事例，前后文衔接紧密，符合语境。故选F。 2．D　设空处为本段主旨句。根据后文“A 2017 study found pain sufferers who volunteered reported ... by the experience of giving.”可知，本段的核心话题应是“无私行为或志愿活动能够缓解疼痛”，D项(给予似乎也能帮助我们应对痛苦。)贴合本段主旨。故选D。 3．E　根据后文“When they did the work for their own personal benefit, the pain­relieving effect was reduced by over 62%.”可知，当他们为了自己的利益而工作时，止痛效果减少了62%，因此设空处应讲述“为他人”工作时带来的止痛效果。E项(当帮助别人时，他们的痛苦程度下降了。)符合语境，故选E。 4．C　根据前文“Researchers believe the medicine should consider using unselfish ‘supplement therapies (补充疗法) to treat pain’．”可知，此处提及了新的疗法：使用无私的“补充疗法”。因此设空处应对该疗法进一步解释。C项中“the idea”与前文提及的新疗法相呼应，“However”与前文形成转折关系，C项(然而，需要更多的研究验证。)进一步解释了这种“新疗法”，前后衔接紧密。故选C。 5．G　根据前文“A reduced sense of pain combined with feel­good chemicals—it seems our brains reward us for helping others even when we're not expecting anything in return.”可知，此处提到了“帮助别人”可以带来的好处，因此设空处应承接前文以“帮助别人”为话题，提出“帮助别人”的建议。G项(听起来这是一个把志愿活动和其他给予行为列入你的任务清单的好理由。)为提出建议句式，“a great reason”应是指前文内容，前后衔接紧密，符合语境。故选G。 Ⅲ　读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Nothing has come easy for Chris who faced many challenges in his childhood. His father, Nick, said that his son suffered from illnesses most of his life. Chris was born with Down syndrome (唐氏综合征) and underwent many major surgeries. All through his illnesses, the little boy always had a strong will. “When you have children with Down syndrome, they don't fit in, they are different and they don't get invited to parties. They don't get invited to anything. Everything you do is a challenge, it is a fight. It is a battle to just get them to be included，” Nick said. Despite his life challenges, Chris tries hard to stay positive and work hard to overcome his difficulties. “Don't tell me that I'll fail，” the young man replies to those who tell him he can't do something. Chris has always been athletic, so his father found a Special Olympics Marathon Triathlon program for him to participate in. His father viewed the program as a fun thing they could do together. He encouraged Chris to do something that no one had ever done before. He knew accomplishing a challenging event such as the Ironman Triathlon would make an incredibly powerful impact, not only on his son but on many others with disabilities. He asked Chris if he would be interested in participating in the most challenging race. “Yes, let's do it！” Chris enthusiastically replied. Individuals with Down syndrome, like Chris, often struggle with poor balance and delayed reaction time. Therefore, it took him a little longer to complete training routines in the beginning. However, Chris is no quitter, he kept on practicing. With his courage, will power and his family's encouragement, every day he grew better, faster and stronger. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Chris and his father encountered many doubters at the beginning of his training.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 The day of the marathon finally arrived.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了从小患有唐氏综合征的Chris(克里斯)一直顽强地抵抗疾病，在父亲Nick(尼克)的鼓励下，Chris勇敢地参加了特奥会马拉松铁人三项项目。在训练之初，Chris和他的父亲遇到了许多质疑者。Chris在训练中遇到外界质疑时的表现怎么样？马拉松的那一天终于到来了，Chris在马拉松上的最终表现怎么样？ [精彩范文] Chris and his father encountered many doubters at the beginning of his training. Some believed the race was too difficult to complete. Even the coach at first refused to create a workout plan for Chris. Nick, being the tough father, would not take “No” for an answer. When experts spoke of his son's limits, he instead focused on his possibilities. “Nobody gets in the way of Chris's dreams，” said the determined father. Nick helped his son stay motivated and inspired him to get “1% better every day”. The small improvements over time built into a winning confidence. The day of the marathon finally arrived. Nick was right there with his son to cheer him on. “What time is it？” asked Nick. “It's game time baby！” Chris optimistically shouted. In the last miles of the tiring race, Chris struggled to breathe in the hot air, but he kept on running. He was determined to win the test of will and defeat all odds. He successfully crossed the finish line as he heard those exciting words ring loud and clear, “Chris, you are a hero！” 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$