Unit3 Fit for life Extended reading 单词&文章课件-2024-2025学年高中英语牛津译林版（2020）选择性必修第二册

Unit3 Fit for life P39-P41 1.evidence n. 证据，证明；物证，人证 vt.证明，表明 evident adj.显而易见的，显然的 evidently adv.显然地，明显地；据说 look/search for evidence 寻找证据 gather/collect evidence 收集证据 give evidence (出庭）作证 medical evidence 医学证据 clear/strong evidence 明显的/充分的证据 一项证据: a piece of evidence (√) It is evident that...=Evidently... 很明显…… There is(some )evidence that... 有（一些）证据表明…… (that引导同位语从句，解释说明evidence的具体内容） 2. date back to 追溯到，始于，自……至今(=date from） date v. 注明日期；确定年代;过时；使显老 n.日期；约会 date from， date back to常用于一般现在时，没有进行时态和被动语态。常用现在分词形式作定语或状语。 a law dating from the 17th century 自17世纪起沿用至今的一条法律 date from/date back to+表示具体时间的名词 date back+表示一段时间的名词 What's the date today? 今天几号？ out of date 过时的；过期的 up to date 现代的，最新的，时髦的 to date 迄今为止，到目前为止 have a date with sb. 与某人有约会 3. solid adj. 实心的；固体的；结实的；纯色的；坚硬的；立体的，立方的 n. 固体；立体图形 liquid adj. 液体的，液态的；易变为现金的；清澈的；清脆的 n. 液体 gas n. 气体；汽油；毒气；vt&vi. 加油 4. switch vi.&vt.转变；交换；调班 n.开关，闸；转变，改变 switch..for... 把……换成…… switch...with... 与……交换…… switch on (用开关）打开 switch off （用开关）关上 switch over 换台 a light switch 电灯开关 a/the switch to 向……的转变 5.clinic n.私人诊所；门诊部；门诊时间 pay a visit to the acupuncture clinic 去针灸诊所 at the clinic (= at the doctor's) 在诊所 a dental clinic 牙科诊所，牙科诊室；牙科门诊部 a fever clinic 发烧筛检站；发烧门诊 6. examine vt.检查，检验；审查，调查；考，测试；审问 examination n.考试；检查 examine a patient 对病人进行检查 examine sb. carefully 仔细对某人进行检查 be examined on 接受对……的测试 College Entrance Examination 高考；大学入学考试 take an examination 参加考试 a written examination 笔试 比较：examine/inspect/check examine 经常用来指“体检”。 inspect 强调上级对下级的“视察”。 check多指“核查，核对”。 7. tongue n. 舌头；语言 v. 吹奏乐器；舔 mother tongue 母语 sharp-tongued 说话尖刻的 a tongue of flame 火舌 8. organ n. 器官；风琴；机构；机关 organic adj. 有机的；生物的；器官的；自然的；系统的 organic vegetables 有机蔬菜 9. severe adj. 十分严重的，极为恶劣的；严厉的；艰难的；过于简朴的 severely adv. 严格地；严重地；严厉地；严肃地 severity n. 严格；严重；严谨；严厉的对待 the severity of the problem 问题的严重性 severely affected by 深受......影响 a severe winter 严冬 10. anxiety n.焦虑；担心；渴望 anxious adj.焦虑的，担心的；渴望的 anxiously adv.焦虑地；急切地 reduce pain and anxiety 减轻痛苦和忧虑 one's anxiety for sth. 某人对某物的渴望 the anxiety to do sth. 做某事的渴望 be anxious about 为……担心 be anxious for sth. 渴望某物 be anxious to do sth. 渴望做某事 be anxious for sb. to do sth. 渴望某人做某事 be anxious that...渴望……. 从句谓语动词用“（should+）动词原形” 表示“渴望”的其他短语： long for/to do sth a desire for/to do sth be dying for/to do sth be eager for/to do sth be hungry/thirsty for sth=a hunger/thirst for sth aspire to sth yearn for sth crave/desire sth a yen for/to do sth itch for/to do sth 11.abuse vt.滥用；虐待；辱骂 n.滥用;虐待；辱骂 abuse alcohol 酗酒 abuse one's position as+职位/身份 滥用某人的职权/身份 be physically and emotionally abused 身心都受到了摧残 abuse sb. 谩骂/虐待某人 drug abuse 药物滥用；毒品滥用 abuse of power 滥用职权 12. alcohol n.酒精，酒 alcoholic adj. 酒精的 n. 酗酒者，酒鬼 alcoholic drinks 酒精饮料 13.symbol n.象征；符号，代号 symbolic adj.象征的,作为象征的 a cultural/political symbol 文化/政治象征 a/the symbol of... ......的象征 a/the symbol for... .......的符号 the chemical symbol 化学符号 比较：symbol/sign/mark/signal symbol指作为象征或表达某种深邃意义的特殊事物。 sign指代表某种固定意义的符号或标志，也可指某种情况的迹象或征兆。 mark指在其他事物上留下的印痕或先天固有的标记。 signal指用于传达某些信息的约定俗成的信号。 14. widespread adj. 分布广的，普遍的，广泛的 widespread use 广泛使用 spread v. 展开；散开；张开，伸开；传播，流传；扩散，蔓延；涂，敷；分摊 n. 传播；散布；扩展，蔓延；广泛；区域，范围；酱 (spread, spread,spread) 15.infection n.传染，感染 infect v.传染; 使感染 infectious adj.传染的 have/get/develop an infection 受感染 suffer from an infection 患上传染病 treat an infection 治疗感染 fight an infection 抵御传染 spread an infection 传播传染病 he source of an infection 传染源围 be infected with 感染上…… an infectious disease 传染病 16. department n.(医院的）科,部门，局，系 departmental adj.部门的 the personnel department 人事部 the sales department 销售部 a government department 政府部门 the English department 英语系 be sb.'s department 某人的职责范围（或知识范围） a departmental meeting 部门会议 Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) therapies herbal medicine cupping acupuncture scraping therapy massage moxibustion Lead-in What does the video talk about? Find main ideas of each paragraph origin of acupuncture development of acupuncture needles Guidance&Exploration the process of diagnosis process of treatment health problems treated by acupuncture theories behind acupuncture the influence of acupuncture Acupuncture: magic needles Para.1: the of acupuncture Para.2: the of acupuncture Para.3: the process of __________ Para.5: the acupuncture can be used to treat origin development diagnosis health problem Para.6: the about how acupuncture works Para.7: the ____________of acupuncture theories influence Para.4: the process of __________ treatment Reading Acupuncture: magic needles Para.1-2: the of acupuncture Para.3-4: the diagnosis and ___________ Para.5: the acupuncture can be used to treat history health problems Para.6: the about how acupuncture works Para.7: the ____________of acupuncture theories influence treatment Structure Acupuncture: magic needles One of the most famous Chinese medical treatments is the art of “magic needles”, or Chinese acupuncture . It was developed long ago, perhaps as early as 2000 BCE. There is evidence that acupuncture dates back to the Stone Age, when stone tools called bian were used to press areas of the body. 针灸：神奇的针 在最负盛名的中国医术中，有一种“神针”之术，即针灸。这种医术历史悠久，最早或起源于公元前2000年。有证据显示，针灸始于石器时代，当时一种名为“砭”的石器被用来按压身体部位。 As acupuncture developed, the simple bian stones were replaced by stone needles. Eventually, metal needles began to appear and took the place of stone needles. These solid needles are made of different metals, such as gold and silver. Some acupuncturists today still use gold and silver needles, but the majority have now switched to stainless steel ones. 随着针灸的发展，简单的砭被石针替代。最终金属针开始出现并取代了石针。这些实心的针由不同的金属制成，例如金和银。 如今一些针灸师仍在使用金针或银针，但多数医师已经改用不锈钢针了。 In addition to the changes in material, the shapes of the needles have also changed over time. Originally, there were nine different kinds of needles, with variations in shape. Nowadays, the fine sharp needles that measure usually between 15 and 75 millimetres in length are still used, while most of the others have been replaced by more complex medical instruments． 除了材质变化，针的形状也在逐渐改变。起初有九种不同类型的针，形状各不相同。现在针灸中仍在使用的是又尖又细、长度一般在15至75毫米之间的针，而大部分其他类型的针都被更复杂的医疗器械取代了。 So what happens during a visit to the acupuncture clinic？ First, the acupuncturist examines the patient, looking at the patient's skin and tongue, listening to the sound of his or her voice and breathing, and smelling his or her breath. Then the acupuncturist asks some questions about the patient's condition and feels his or her pulse. 那么，去针灸诊所诊疗时会发生什么呢？首先，针灸师会对患者作一番检查，看一下患者的皮肤和舌头，听听讲话和呼吸的声音，再闻一下患者呼出的气息。接着，针灸师会就患者的身体状况问一些问题，然后搭脉。 This is a particularly important step according to the energy theory behind acupuncture. The acupuncturist can check the pulse in three positions on each wrist, and every one of them is connected with a major body organ. By checking all the positions, the acupuncturist can find out which energy channel does not have enough energy. 根据针灸背后的能量理论，搭脉这项步骤是尤为重要的。针灸师能够在每个手腕的三个部位检查脉象，每一处都对应身体的一个主要器官。检查过所有的部位后，针灸师便能知道哪条经络的能量比较弱。 According to the results of the check­up, the acupuncturist then selects certain points on the body called acupuncture points. Needles are pushed into the skin at these points so that a health problem can be treated. Up to now, more than 360 acupuncture points have been identified, each linked to a different part of the body．Sometimes the needles are pushed into points near the body part affected by a disease, and sometimes into points that are not so close to it． 根据诊断结果，针灸师随后会在患者身上选定一些针灸的点，这些点称作穴位。针从穴位推入皮肤，从而治疗一项疾病。目前为止已有360多个穴位被确认，每个穴位对应着身体的不同部位。下针的穴位有时在患病部位附近，有时又并不靠近。 Over the years, acupuncture has been used to treat a wide variety of health problems, including severe pains, blood pressure issues, stomach discomfort, sports injuries and weight problems. And it has been used to treat more than just physical problems—acupuncturists have discovered that the treatment helps with mental problems like depression and anxiety too. Acupuncture has also been applied to treat people who abuse alcohol , tobacco or drugs. 多年来，针灸被用来治疗各种各样的健康问题，包括剧烈疼痛、血压问题、肠胃不适、运动损伤和体重问题等。而且它不仅适用于治疗身体疾患——针灸师们发现这种疗法对抑郁、焦虑等心理问题也有效果。此外，针灸也用来治疗嗜酒、嗜烟、嗜毒人群。 How acupuncture actually works is not clearly understood. For example, there are different theories trying to explain how it eases pain, but no agreement has been reached. One theory explaining this phenomenon suggests that acupuncture blocks pain signals from reaching the brain. Another theory relates acupuncture to the production of a substance in the body which can reduce pain. 针灸究竟是怎样产生疗效的，这个问题尚不清楚。例如，有几种不同的理论试图解释针灸如何缓解疼痛，但至今仍然莫衷一是。一种理论认为这种现象源于针灸阻断了痛感信号向大脑的传导。另一种理论认为针灸促使身体产生了某种有镇痛作用的物质。 Despite the uncertainty about its medical basis，acupuncture has become a popular form of treatment.As a unique contribution of traditional Chinese medicine，acupuncture spread to many other Asian countries，such as Japan，as early as the 6th century.It was introduced to the West around the 16th century.In 2010, acupuncture was included in the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage List. 尽管其医学基础尚不明确，针灸已然成为一种广受欢迎的疗法。作为传统中医的一项独特贡献，针灸传播到了亚洲的许多其他国家，最早在公元6世纪便已传入日本。公元16世纪左右，针灸又传到了西方。2010年，针灸被列入联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗产名录。 Today，acupuncture is recognized as a symbol of traditional Chinese culture and has come into widespread use around the world.The World Health Organization recommends acupuncture as a good treatment for over 100 medical problems.While doubts about its safety have gradually disappeared, interest continues to grow. 如今，针灸成了中国传统文化的一个符号，并且在世界各地得到广泛应用。世界卫生组织将针灸推荐为百余种健康问题的良好疗法。关于其安全性的种种疑虑逐渐消失了，人们对它的兴趣正与日俱增。 Bandicut 3.6.7.691 / Cutter / HS $$