Unit 4 Meeting the muse(基础练）--2024-2025学年高二英语40分钟限时训练（外研版2019选择性必修第一册）

Unit 4 Meeting the muse(基础练) —2024-2025学年高二英语40分钟限时训练 （外研版2019选择性必修第一册） 一、单句语法填空 1．Sometimes the literal meaning of a word is different from its actual meaning so we shouldn’t translate it .(literal)(所给词的适当形式填空) 2．These kids are so （absorb）in their studies that I just sit back. （所给词的适当形式填空） 3．When a computer (display) information, it shows it on a screen. （用所给单词适当形式填空） 4．The disadvantage of the tool is (be) too large. (所给词的适当形式填空） 5．His not­-for-­profit organization runs 100 river boats that serve as (float) libraries, schools, and health clinics. （用所给词的适当形式填空） 6．When classical, rather pop, music was playing, diners spent more. (用适当的词填空) 7．The answer to the question must be (seek) elsewhere. (所给词的适当形式填空) 8．Much to the professor’s (satisfy), the experiment proved (be) a success. (所给词的适当形式填空) 9．There has been a trend hiring younger, cheaper employees. (用适当的词填空) 10．His face was (light) up with pleasure. (所给词的适当形式填空) 二、完成句子 1． (太拘泥于字面意思的翻译) often don’t flow well or don’t sound natural. 2．The most important thing for one’s health is (进行大量的锻炼). 3．We’re going (去远足) in the mountain every day and (欣赏) the beautiful views. 4．I can’t (拿定主意) whether to come or not. 5． The new play (由四个部分组成), each of which is very fascinating. 6．The club (吸收了一些新会员) last week. 7．Her next goal is children in poor countries (开启一个慈善网站为……募捐). 8．His father died when he was young, and he (由……抚养长大) his mother. 9． (直到1936年) that basketball became a regular part of the Olympic Games. 10．Making eye contact — looking into someone’s eyes — in some countries is a way to display interest. In other countries, (相比之下), eye contact is not always approved of. 三、阅读理解 A(23-24高二内蒙古赤峰期末考试) In the era of artificial intelligence and accessible photo editing, you can’t believe everything you see online. One exception, of course, is if it’s published by a reputable news source. The foundation of photojournalism hes in its ability to present reality in an authentic and unaltered manner. It can document and bear witness to events around the world. Authenticity is important. As new technology such as generative AI (which can create photos or videos from a command) makes photo editing and creating fake images easier, press agencies are starting to discuss how to handle it. The Associated Press states “We will avoid from transmitting any AI-generated images that are suspected or proven to be false descriptions of reality. However. if an AI generated illustration or work of art is the subject of a news story, it may be used as long as it is clearly labeled as such in the caption.” AFP says that photos and videos “must not be staged, manipulated (经过处理的) or edited to give a misleading or false picture of events”. World Press Photo (WPP) is an organization known for its annual photojournalism contest. It provides specific guidelines for submission. These are updated annually. Photo agencies often align themselves with these princıples. They recognize the importance of a universal standard for truthfulness in visual reporting. Due to pressure from photographers and artists who work in more conceptual photography. WPP has added an “open format” category. This welcomes innovative techniques, non-traditional modes of presentation, and new approaches to storytelling. The rise of advanced editing tools and software has made it harder to distinguish between original and manipulated images. Fully embracing manipulated imagery in a photojournalism contest would be a risk to the industry’s credibility. It is especially true at a time when trust in journalism is already at risk. 1．What does the underlined word “authentic” in paragraph 2 mean? A．undependable. B．advanced. C．genuine. D．sincere. 2．What does the author want to say by mentioning the Associated Press and AFP? A．Artificial intelligence has totally changed what we see online. B．Al-generated images have attracted the attention of news organizations. C．Reputable news media must set good examples in photojournalism. D．Photo agencies have their own regulations about AI-generated images 3．Why has WPP added new categories? A．To meet the demands of photographers and artists. B．To increase the variety of photography categories. C．To boost the confidence of photographers and artists D．To welcome the expansion of photography categories. 4．Why is it a concern to fully embrace manipulated imagery in photojournalism contests? A．It may limit the number of participants. B．It may make contests less interesting. C．It may threaten journalism’s reliability. D．It may increase the difficulty of entry. B(23-24河北唐山期末考试) A lot of scientific and technological achievements within the last 100 years was prophesied (预言) within sci-f literature long before they came into physical existence. Throughout modern history, there has been a symbiotic (共生的) relationship between fiction and those in the science and technology fields. Pioneering science fiction synthesises (综合) and popularizes (普及) new ideas of the imagination, which in turn can lead to others establishing the real-world with such ideas. This idea highlights the notion that these so-called “fiction” writers are not just predicting the future but actually indirectly creating it. For instance, Black Mirror: Nosedive predicted a range of technological developments. It imagined a personality rating system, which is now starting to be introduced within China, as a private credit and behavior scoring system called “Sesame (芝麻) credit”. This system conducts behavioral analysis data based on the citizens ’ bill payments, abilities to hold contracts, shopping habits, online behavior and characteristics of online friendships. Very low scores can affect people’s real-world lives — as described in the Black Mirror, the public is restricted from making reservations at hotels or restaurants, for example. Something as simple as providing inspiration for an idea that an inventor can actually develop shows the shaping effect the domain can have on the world. Google Glass, self-driving cars, artificial intelligence — even human genetic modification, anti-aging processes, and space travel —are all ideas that appeared in science fiction before reality. Elon Musk’s SpaceX plan of colonizing Mars is an example that we are going to see for ourselves. Over time, history shows that science fiction is less of a predictor of the future and more of an indirect creator. With the inspiration of many aspects of our modern life based on sci-fi films, television, books, etc., the genre itself can be seen as effectively playing a part in shaping our future. What do you think will be the next real-world sci-fi creation? Flying cars? Neural networks? We can only wait to find out ... 5．What role does “sci-fi literature” play in the real world according to the text? A．A creator of the future. B．A reflection of the real world. C．A source of new ideas. D．A signal of new scientific breakthroughs. 6．What is the author’s purpose of writing Paragraph 3? A．To recommend a sci-f TV show. B．To explain why sci-fi artworks can predict the future. C．To describe how sci-fi artworks shape the future. D．To show the importance of building the “Sesame credit" system. 7．Why does the author give an example of Elon Musk’s SpaceX plan? A．To tell people where the SpaceX plan came from. B．To prove the SpaceX plan is worthy of investment. C．To show how a sci-fi idea inspires inventors to turn it into reality. D．To emphasize the relationship between virtual and real worlds. 8．What would be the best title for this text? A．How Science Fiction is Shaping Our Future B．Should We Be Worried about the Sci-fi Artworks? C．Why Should We Encourage the Sci-fi Creation? D．Technological Development Contributes to Sci-fi Artworks 四、完形填空（23-24高二浙江绍兴期末考试） Yang Haoran, born into a family of cotton farmers, spent his childhood playing in the cotton fields. He 1 how hard his parents had to work using conventional farming methods, as well as how automation has 2 productivity and saved labor. Having finished university, Yang became a 3 farmer himself. However, unlike his parents, his experience has been very 4 ; he manages over 200,000 square meters of cotton fields and always 5 new ways to improve efficiency through technological 6 . In 2018, he saw the great business 7 of using drones (无人机) in farming and established his own company, which 8 13 drone operators, all of whom are post-90s workers like Yang himself. “We are like a big family, with members from different ethnic groups,” Yang said 9 . In peak growing season, they move their 10 in a skillful way over the fields while in the off-season, they train local farmers to 11 drones. To date, Yang’s team has trained hundreds of local farmers. “This will enable them to 12 new technologies, allowing them to 13 the advances in modern agriculture,” he said. Yang’s 14 does not end there. He has recently taken up a precision (精准) farming project, which uses drones to collect data for spectral analysis (光谱分析), and transmit real-time data on crop growth and soil moisture to the irrigation and fertilizer equipment for precision 15 . 1．A．recalled B．witnessed C．blamed D．assumed 2．A．integrated B．tackled C．generated D．boosted 3．A．cotton B．rice C．wheat D．sorghum 4．A．visible B．different C．complex D．multiple 5．A．transforms B．handles C．seeks D．adjusts 6．A．presentation B．extension C．interaction D．innovation 7．A．concept B．potential C．theory D．framework 8．A．employs B．attains C．entertains D．promotes 9．A．firmly B．willingly C．proudly D．gently 10．A．machines B．drones C．pumps D．switches 11．A．operate B．launch C．display D．update 12．A．resist B．gather C．spread D．acquire 13．A．keep in mind B．be engaged in C．come down with D．keep up with 14．A．dream B．genius C．insight D．theory 15．A．communication B．industry C．agriculture D．tourism 试卷第2页，共22页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 4 Meeting the muse(基础练) —2024-2025学年高二英语40分钟限时训练 （外研版2019选择性必修第一册） 参考答案 一、单句语法填空 1． literally 2．absorbed 3．displays 4．being 5．floating 6．than 7．sought 8．satisfaction to be 9．towards 10．lit 二、完成句子 1．Translations that are done too literally 2．to have plenty of exercise 3．hiking enjoying 4．make up my mind 5．is composed of four parts/is made up of four parts/consists of four parts 6．took in some new members 7．to start a charity website to raise money for 8． was brought up by 9． It was not until 1936 10．by contrast 三、阅读理解 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．A 6．C 7．C 8．A 三、完形填空 1．B 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．D 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．B 11．A 12．D 13．D 14．A 15．C 试卷第2页，共22页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 4 Meeting the muse(基础练) —2024-2025学年高二英语40分钟限时训练 （外研版2019选择性必修第一册） 一、单句语法填空 1．Sometimes the literal meaning of a word is different from its actual meaning so we shouldn’t translate it .(literal)(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】literally 【详解】考查副词。句意：有时候一个词的字面意思和它的实际意思不同，所以我们不应该按字面意思翻译。空处修饰动词translate，应用副词形式，故填literally。 2．These kids are so （absorb）in their studies that I just sit back. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】absorbed 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：这些孩子全神贯注地学习，我只是坐着不动。be absorbed in“专心于，全神贯注于”为固定短语，满足句意要求。故填absorbed。 3．When a computer (display) information, it shows it on a screen. （用所给单词适当形式填空） 【答案】displays 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：当计算机显示信息时，它会显示在屏幕上。display在状语从句中作谓语，根据后文shows可知为一般现在时，且主语为a computer，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故填displays。 4．The disadvantage of the tool is (be) too large. (所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】being 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个工具的缺点就是太大了。此空用动名词做表语解释主语the disadvantage of the tool“这个工具的缺点”，故填being。 5．His not­-for-­profit organization runs 100 river boats that serve as (float) libraries, schools, and health clinics. （用所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】floating 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他的非营利组织经营着100艘内河船，用作漂流图书馆、学校和诊所。空处应用形容词，作定语修饰空后的名词。floating意为“流动的，漂浮的”。故填floating。 6．When classical, rather pop, music was playing, diners spent more. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】than 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：当播放古典音乐而不是流行音乐时，就餐者花费更多。根据句意表示“而不是”可知短语为rather than。故填than。 7．The answer to the question must be (seek) elsewhere. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】sought 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：这个问题的答案必须到别处去寻找。seek为动词，意为“寻找”，与the answer之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，与前面的must be构成被动语态。故填sought。 8．Much to the professor’s (satisfy), the experiment proved (be) a success. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】 satisfaction to be 【详解】考查名词和动词不定式。句意：令教授非常满意的是，实验证明是成功的。第一空考查介词短语much to one’s satisfaction，意为“令某人非常满意的是”，设空处应名词形式satisfaction，作to的宾语；第二空考查动词短语prove to be...，意为“证明是……”,故第二空填动词不定式to be，作表语。故填：①satisfaction；②to be。 9．There has been a trend hiring younger, cheaper employees. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】towards 【详解】考查介词。句意：雇用较年轻，薪酬较低的雇员是一种趋势。名词trend后常接介词towards，意为“有......的趋势；趋向于”，符合句意，故填towards。 10．His face was (light) up with pleasure. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】lit 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：他喜出望外。固定短语“be lit up (with...)”意为“ (指人的脸等)放光彩，容光焕发”，lit是light的过去分词，故填lit。 二、完成句子 1． (太拘泥于字面意思的翻译) often don’t flow well or don’t sound natural. 【答案】Translations that are done too literally 【详解】考查名词及定语从句。句意：太拘泥于字面意思的翻译往往不流畅或听起来不自然。“太拘泥于字面意思的翻译”用单词“literally”进行翻译，译为“Translations that are done too literally”，根据中文提示可知，“翻译”(translations)为中心词，“太拘泥于字面意思的”为修饰语，因为该修饰语过长，可以处理成定语从句。“拘泥于字面意思的”可以理解成“过于直译”。“翻译”从句主语，应该是被人翻译，应该用被动语态；“直译地”英文为“literally”。故填Translations that are done too literally。 2．The most important thing for one’s health is (进行大量的锻炼). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】to have plenty of exercise 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：对一个人的健康最重要的是进行大量的锻炼。“进行”使用动词have，“大量的”使用固定短语plenty of，“锻炼”使用不可数名词exercise，此处用动词不定式作表语，说明主语的内容。故填to have plenty of exercise。 3．We’re going (去远足) in the mountain every day and (欣赏) the beautiful views. 【答案】 hiking enjoying 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们每天都去山里远足并欣赏美丽的风景。分析句子结构和意思可知，第一个空考查“远足”对应的动词hike的动名词形式，和前面的go构成固定短语go hiking，意为“去远足”；第二个空考查“欣赏”对应的动词enjoy，前面有并列连词and，所以用现在分词形式，和前面的going并列。故填hiking和enjoying。 4．I can’t (拿定主意) whether to come or not. 【答案】 make up my mind 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：来还是不来我拿不定主意。根据汉语意思“拿定主意”可知短语为make up one's mind，且can't后跟动词原形。故填make up my mind。 5． The new play (由四个部分组成), each of which is very fascinating. 【答案】is composed of four parts/is made up of four parts/consists of four parts 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：这部新剧由四部分组成，每一部分都非常引人入胜。“由……组成”可以用be composed of，be made up of，或consist of，由is可知，句子应用一般现在时，单数名词The new play作主语，be动词用is，consist用第三人称单数形式，后接“四个部分”our parts在句中作宾语。故填is composed of/is made up of/consists of four parts。 6．The club (吸收了一些新会员) last week. 【答案】 took in some new members 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。句意：这个俱乐部上周吸收了一些新会员。根据时间状语last week可知用一般过去时，“吸收”是take in，“新会员”是new member，此处表示“一些新会员”名词用复数。故填took in some new members。 7．Her next goal is children in poor countries (开启一个慈善网站为……募捐). 【答案】to start a charity website to raise money for 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她的下一个目标是开启一个慈善网站为贫穷国家的孩子募捐。“开启”使用动词start，“一个慈善网站”译为a charity website，“为……募捐”使用动词短语raise money for，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语，主语goal意为“目标”，常用动词不定式作表语，说明主语的内容，故填to start a charity website to raise money for。 8．His father died when he was young, and he (由……抚养长大) his mother. 【答案】 was brought up by 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：在他很小的时候父亲就去世了，他是由母亲抚养大的。根据汉语意思“由……抚养长大”可知短语为be brought up by，结合上文His father died when he was young可知应用一般过去时，主语为he，谓语动词用单数。故填was brought up by。 9． (直到1936年) that basketball became a regular part of the Olympic Games. 【答案】 It was not until 1936 【详解】考查强调句型。句意：直到1936年，篮球才成为奥运会的一个常规项目。分析可知此处为not until的强调句，其结构为：it is not until+从句/表时间的词+that+其他，陈述的是过去的事情，用一般过去时，故填It was not until 1936。 10．Making eye contact — looking into someone’s eyes — in some countries is a way to display interest. In other countries, (相比之下), eye contact is not always approved of. 【答案】by contrast 【详解】考查介词短语。句意：目光接触——看着别人的眼睛——在一些国家是表示兴趣的一种方式。相比之下，在其他国家，眼神交流并不总是被认可的。根据汉语提示可知，此处使用介词短语by contrast，作状语。故填by contrast。 三、阅读理解 A(23-24高二内蒙古赤峰期末考试) In the era of artificial intelligence and accessible photo editing, you can’t believe everything you see online. One exception, of course, is if it’s published by a reputable news source. The foundation of photojournalism hes in its ability to present reality in an authentic and unaltered manner. It can document and bear witness to events around the world. Authenticity is important. As new technology such as generative AI (which can create photos or videos from a command) makes photo editing and creating fake images easier, press agencies are starting to discuss how to handle it. The Associated Press states “We will avoid from transmitting any AI-generated images that are suspected or proven to be false descriptions of reality. However. if an AI generated illustration or work of art is the subject of a news story, it may be used as long as it is clearly labeled as such in the caption.” AFP says that photos and videos “must not be staged, manipulated (经过处理的) or edited to give a misleading or false picture of events”. World Press Photo (WPP) is an organization known for its annual photojournalism contest. It provides specific guidelines for submission. These are updated annually. Photo agencies often align themselves with these princıples. They recognize the importance of a universal standard for truthfulness in visual reporting. Due to pressure from photographers and artists who work in more conceptual photography. WPP has added an “open format” category. This welcomes innovative techniques, non-traditional modes of presentation, and new approaches to storytelling. The rise of advanced editing tools and software has made it harder to distinguish between original and manipulated images. Fully embracing manipulated imagery in a photojournalism contest would be a risk to the industry’s credibility. It is especially true at a time when trust in journalism is already at risk. 1．What does the underlined word “authentic” in paragraph 2 mean? A．undependable. B．advanced. C．genuine. D．sincere. 2．What does the author want to say by mentioning the Associated Press and AFP? A．Artificial intelligence has totally changed what we see online. B．Al-generated images have attracted the attention of news organizations. C．Reputable news media must set good examples in photojournalism. D．Photo agencies have their own regulations about AI-generated images 3．Why has WPP added new categories? A．To meet the demands of photographers and artists. B．To increase the variety of photography categories. C．To boost the confidence of photographers and artists D．To welcome the expansion of photography categories. 4．Why is it a concern to fully embrace manipulated imagery in photojournalism contests? A．It may limit the number of participants. B．It may make contests less interesting. C．It may threaten journalism’s reliability. D．It may increase the difficulty of entry. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了当前在人工智能和易于获取的照片编辑技术时代中，使得编辑和制造假图像变得更容易，网络上看到的东西不一定可信，但新闻机构仍在积极应对这一挑战。 1．词义猜测题。根据第二段的“The foundation of photojournalism hes in its ability to present reality in an authentic and unaltered manner. It can document and bear witness to events around the world. Authenticıty is important.(新闻摄影的基础在于它以……和不变的方式呈现现实的能力。它可以记录和见证世界各地发生的事件。……很重要。)”可知，新闻摄影需要记录现实中发生的事情，因此需要保持真实性，这很重要，则第二段中划线词意为：真实的。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段的“As new technology such as generative AI(which can create photos or videos from a command)makes photo editing and creating fake images easier, press agencies are starting to discuss how to handle it.(随着生成式人工智能(可以通过命令生成照片或视频)等新技术使照片编辑和制作假图像变得更加容易，新闻机构开始讨论如何处理它。) ”可知，作者提到美联社和法新社是想说人工智能生成的图像已经引起了新闻机构的注意。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据第五段的“Due to pressure from photographers and artists who work in more conceptual photography. WPP has added an “open format” category. This welcomes innovative techniques, non-traditional modes of presentation, and new approaches to storytelling.(由于摄影师和艺术家的压力，他们从事更多的概念摄影。WPP增加了一个“开放格式”类别。这欢迎创新的技术，非传统的呈现模式，以及讲故事的新方法。)”可知，WPP增加新的分类是要满足摄影师和艺术家的需求。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“The rise of advanced editing tools and software has made it harder to distinguish between original and manipulated images. Fully embracing manipulated imagery in a photojournalism contest would be a risk to the industry’s credibılity. It is especially true at a time when trust in journalism is already at risk.(高级编辑工具和软件的兴起使得区分原始图像和经过处理的图像变得更加困难。在新闻摄影比赛中完全接受经过处理的图像对该行业的credibılity来说是一种风险。在人们对新闻业的信任已经岌岌可危的时候，这一点尤其正确。)”可知，在新闻摄影比赛中完全接受经过处理的图像可能会威胁到新闻业的可靠性，使人们产生信任危机。故选C。 B(23-24河北唐山期末考试) A lot of scientific and technological achievements within the last 100 years was prophesied (预言) within sci-f literature long before they came into physical existence. Throughout modern history, there has been a symbiotic (共生的) relationship between fiction and those in the science and technology fields. Pioneering science fiction synthesises (综合) and popularizes (普及) new ideas of the imagination, which in turn can lead to others establishing the real-world with such ideas. This idea highlights the notion that these so-called “fiction” writers are not just predicting the future but actually indirectly creating it. For instance, Black Mirror: Nosedive predicted a range of technological developments. It imagined a personality rating system, which is now starting to be introduced within China, as a private credit and behavior scoring system called “Sesame (芝麻) credit”. This system conducts behavioral analysis data based on the citizens ’ bill payments, abilities to hold contracts, shopping habits, online behavior and characteristics of online friendships. Very low scores can affect people’s real-world lives — as described in the Black Mirror, the public is restricted from making reservations at hotels or restaurants, for example. Something as simple as providing inspiration for an idea that an inventor can actually develop shows the shaping effect the domain can have on the world. Google Glass, self-driving cars, artificial intelligence — even human genetic modification, anti-aging processes, and space travel —are all ideas that appeared in science fiction before reality. Elon Musk’s SpaceX plan of colonizing Mars is an example that we are going to see for ourselves. Over time, history shows that science fiction is less of a predictor of the future and more of an indirect creator. With the inspiration of many aspects of our modern life based on sci-fi films, television, books, etc., the genre itself can be seen as effectively playing a part in shaping our future. What do you think will be the next real-world sci-fi creation? Flying cars? Neural networks? We can only wait to find out ... 5．What role does “sci-fi literature” play in the real world according to the text? A．A creator of the future. B．A reflection of the real world. C．A source of new ideas. D．A signal of new scientific breakthroughs. 6．What is the author’s purpose of writing Paragraph 3? A．To recommend a sci-f TV show. B．To explain why sci-fi artworks can predict the future. C．To describe how sci-fi artworks shape the future. D．To show the importance of building the “Sesame credit" system. 7．Why does the author give an example of Elon Musk’s SpaceX plan? A．To tell people where the SpaceX plan came from. B．To prove the SpaceX plan is worthy of investment. C．To show how a sci-fi idea inspires inventors to turn it into reality. D．To emphasize the relationship between virtual and real worlds. 8．What would be the best title for this text? A．How Science Fiction is Shaping Our Future B．Should We Be Worried about the Sci-fi Artworks? C．Why Should We Encourage the Sci-fi Creation? D．Technological Development Contributes to Sci-fi Artworks 【答案】5．A 6．C 7．C 8．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了科幻文学在现实世界中的作用，即它不仅预言了未来的科技成就，而且还间接地创造了未来。 5．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Pioneering science fiction synthesises(综合) and popularizes(普及) new ideas of the imagination, which in turn can lead to others establishing the real-world with such ideas.”(开创性的科幻小说综合并普及了想象中的新思想，这反过来可以引导其他人用这些思想建立现实世界)根据第二段“This idea highlights the notion that these so-called “fiction” writers are not just predicting the future but actually indirectly creating it.”（这个想法强调了这些所谓的“小说”作家不仅预测未来，实际上还间接地创造了未来。)可推知，科幻文学在现实世界中的角色是创造未来。故选A。 6．推理判断题，根据第三段“For instance, Black Mirror: Nosedive predicted a range of technological developments. It imagined a personality rating system, which is now starting to be introduced within China, as a private credit and behavior scoring system called“Sesame(芝麻) credit”.”（例如，Black Mirror: Nosedive预言了一系列的技术发展。它设想了一种人格评级系统，作为一种被称为“芝麻信用”的私人信用和行为评分系统，目前已开始在中国推广。）可知，作者写第三段的目的是描述科幻艺术作品如何塑造未来。故选C。 7．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Something as simple as providing inspiration for an idea that an inventor can actually develop shows the shaping effect the domain can have on the world”（一些简单的事情，比如为一个发明家提供灵感，让他真正发展出来，就能显示出这个领域对世界的塑造效应）以及“Elon Musk’s SpaceX plan of colonizing Mars is an example that we are going to see for ourselves.”(埃隆·马斯克的火星殖民计划就是我们即将亲眼见证的一个例子。)可推知，作者举埃隆·马斯克的SpaceX计划的例子是为了展示科幻想法如何激发发明家将其变为现实。故选C。 8．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Pioneering science fiction synthesises(综合) and popularizes(普及) new ideas of the imagination, which in turn can lead to others establishing the real-world with such ideas.”(开创性的科幻小说综合并普及了想象中的新思想，这反过来可以引导其他人用这些思想建立现实世界)根据第二段“This idea highlights the notion that these so-called “fiction” writers are not just predicting the future but actually indirectly creating it.”（这个想法强调了这些所谓的“小说”作家不仅预测未来，实际上还间接地创造了未来。)可知，短文主要讲述了科幻文学在现实世界中的作用，即它不仅预言了未来的科技成就，而且还间接地创造了未来。所以短文的最佳标题为“科幻小说如何塑造我们的未来”。故选A。 三、完形填空（23-24高二浙江绍兴期末考试） Yang Haoran, born into a family of cotton farmers, spent his childhood playing in the cotton fields. He 1 how hard his parents had to work using conventional farming methods, as well as how automation has 2 productivity and saved labor. Having finished university, Yang became a 3 farmer himself. However, unlike his parents, his experience has been very 4 ; he manages over 200,000 square meters of cotton fields and always 5 new ways to improve efficiency through technological 6 . In 2018, he saw the great business 7 of using drones (无人机) in farming and established his own company, which 8 13 drone operators, all of whom are post-90s workers like Yang himself. “We are like a big family, with members from different ethnic groups,” Yang said 9 . In peak growing season, they move their 10 in a skillful way over the fields while in the off-season, they train local farmers to 11 drones. To date, Yang’s team has trained hundreds of local farmers. “This will enable them to 12 new technologies, allowing them to 13 the advances in modern agriculture,” he said. Yang’s 14 does not end there. He has recently taken up a precision (精准) farming project, which uses drones to collect data for spectral analysis (光谱分析), and transmit real-time data on crop growth and soil moisture to the irrigation and fertilizer equipment for precision 15 . 1．A．recalled B．witnessed C．blamed D．assumed 2．A．integrated B．tackled C．generated D．boosted 3．A．cotton B．rice C．wheat D．sorghum 4．A．visible B．different C．complex D．multiple 5．A．transforms B．handles C．seeks D．adjusts 6．A．presentation B．extension C．interaction D．innovation 7．A．concept B．potential C．theory D．framework 8．A．employs B．attains C．entertains D．promotes 9．A．firmly B．willingly C．proudly D．gently 10．A．machines B．drones C．pumps D．switches 11．A．operate B．launch C．display D．update 12．A．resist B．gather C．spread D．acquire 13．A．keep in mind B．be engaged in C．come down with D．keep up with 14．A．dream B．genius C．insight D．theory 15．A．communication B．industry C．agriculture D．tourism 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．D 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．B 11．A 12．D 13．D 14．A 15．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了杨皓然采用创新技术提高农业生产效率和节省劳动力。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他亲眼目睹了父母用传统的耕作方法辛苦劳作，以及自动化如何提高生产率和节省劳动力。A. recalled回想起；B. witnessed目击；C. blamed责备；D. assumed认为。根据上文“Yang Haoran, born into a family of cotton farmers, spent his childhood playing in the cotton fields.(杨皓然出生于棉农家庭，童年在棉田里玩耍)”可知，他出生在一个农民家庭，所以亲眼目睹了父母用传统的耕作方法辛苦劳作，故选B。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他亲眼目睹了父母用传统的耕作方法辛苦劳作，以及自动化如何提高生产率和节省劳动力。A. integrated融合；B. tackled处理；C. generated产生；D. boosted促进，提高。根据后文“productivity and saved labor”以及常识，自动化可以提高生产率和节省劳动力。故选D。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：大学毕业后，杨自己成为了一名棉农。A. cotton棉花；B. rice大米；C. wheat小麦；D. sorghum高粱。根据上文“Yang Haoran, born into a family of cotton farmers, spent his childhood playing in the cotton fields.(杨皓然出生于棉农家庭，童年在棉田里玩耍)”以及后文“farmer himself”指杨自己成为了一名棉农。故选A。 4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，与他的父母不同，他的经历非常不同；他管理着20多万平方米的棉田，并不断寻求通过技术创新来提高效率的新方法。A. visible看得见的；B. different不同的；C. complex复杂的；D. multiple多个的。根据上文“unlike his parents”可知，他的农作方式和父母不同，即他的经历与父母不同。故选B。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，与他的父母不同，他的经历非常不同；他管理着20多万平方米的棉田，并不断寻求通过技术创新来提高效率的新方法。A. transforms变换；B. handles处理；C. seeks寻找；D. adjusts调整。根据后文“new ways to improve efficiency”以及他采用无人机，可知他不断寻求通过技术创新来提高效率的新方法。故选C。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，与他的父母不同，他的经历非常不同；他管理着20多万平方米的棉田，并不断寻求通过技术创新来提高效率的新方法。A. presentation仪式；B. extension延伸；C. interaction互动；D. innovation创新。根据上文“improve efficiency through technological”以及后文采用无人机，可知是通过技术创新来提高效率。故选D。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：2018年，他看到了无人机在农业上的巨大商业潜力，并成立了自己的公司，雇佣了13名无人机操作员，他们都是像他自己一样的90后。A. concept概念；B. potential潜能；C. theory理论；D. framework构架。根据后文“established his own company”以及下文他采用无人机农耕，可知是看到了商业潜力。故选B。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：2018年，他看到了无人机在农业上的巨大商业潜力，并成立了自己的公司，雇佣了13名无人机操作员，他们都是像他自己一样的90后。A. employs采用，雇佣；B. attains获得；C. entertains使……有兴趣；D. promotes促进。根据上文“established his own company”和后文“13 drone operators, all of whom are post-90s workers like Yang himself”可知，他雇佣了13名无人机操作员。故选A。 9．考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我们就像一个大家庭，成员来自不同的民族，”杨自豪地说。A. firmly坚定地；B. willingly乐意地；C. proudly骄傲地；D. gently温和地。根据上文“We are like a big family, with members from different ethnic groups”可知，他为他们这个大团体感到骄傲。故选C。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在生长旺季，他们以熟练的方式在田野上移动无人机，而在淡季，他们培训当地农民操作无人机。A. machines机器；B. drones无人机；C. pumps泵；D. switches开关。呼应上文“13 drone operators”可知，旺季他们使用无人机来农耕。故选B。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在生长旺季，他们以熟练的方式在田野上移动无人机，而在淡季，他们培训当地农民操作无人机。A. operate操作；B. launch启动；C. display展示；D. update更新。根据后文“To date, Yang’s team has trained hundreds of local farmers.(迄今为止，杨的团队已经培训了数百名当地农民)”可知，他们培训当地农民操作无人机。故选A。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说：“这将使他们能够获得新技术，使他们能够跟上现代农业的进步。”A. resist抵抗；B. gather聚集；C. spread传播；D. acquire获得。根据上文“To date, Yang’s team has trained hundreds of local farmers.(迄今为止，杨的团队已经培训了数百名当地农民)”以及后文“new technologies”可知，培训农民是为了使他们能够获得新技术，故选D。 13．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他说：“这将使他们能够获得新技术，使他们能够跟上现代农业的进步。”A. keep in mind记住；B. be engaged in从事；C. come down with患病；D. keep up with跟上。根据后文“the advances in modern agriculture”可知，培训农民是为了使他们能够获得新技术，跟上现代农业的进步。故选D。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：杨的梦想并没有就此结束。A. dream梦想；B. genius天才；C. insight洞察力；D. theory理论。上文提到杨培训农民是为了使他们能够获得新技术跟上现代农业的进步，即这是他的梦想。故选A。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他最近开始了一个精准农业项目，利用无人机收集数据进行光谱分析，并将作物生长和土壤湿度的实时数据传输给精准农业的灌溉和施肥设备。A. communication交流；B. industry工业；C. agriculture农业；D. tourism旅游。根据上文“He has recently taken up a precision farming project”可知，这个项目主要是关于精准农业的，farming对应C选项agriculture。故选C。 试卷第2页，共22页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$