Unit 6 Section Ⅱ Lesson 2 & Lesson 3-【金版教程】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语必修第二册创新导学案课件PPT（北师大版2019）

WELCOME UNIT UNIT 6 THE ADMIRABLE Section Ⅱ　Lesson 2 & Lesson 3 课前预习自检 重点合作探究 课堂效果检测（一） 目录 CONTENTS 1 2 ３ 课时语法精讲 4 课堂效果检测（二） 5 课后课时作业（三） 6 课后课时作业（四） 7 课前预习自检 THE SUPERHERO BEHIND SUPERMAN 《超人》背后的超级英雄 •The story of Christopher Reeve's life is one that is almost impossible to imagine—from a wildly successful Hollywood career, to the horror of life­threatening injury; Reeve experienced both. 克里斯托弗·里夫的一生是一个几乎无法想象的故事——从在好莱坞大获成功到恐怖的致命伤害，里夫都经历了。 •Thus, not only is he known as a superhero in the Superman films, but he is also regarded as a superhero to many in real life. 因此，他不仅是电影《超人》中的超级英雄，而且在现实生活中也被很多人认为是超级英雄。 课前预习自检 ①that is almost ... 是关系代词that引导的 从句，修饰先行词one, that在从句中作 。 ② n. 令人惊恐的事 ③ 被认为，被看作 定语 主语 horror be regarded as 课前预习自检 Reeve was born on 25 September, 1952 in New York—the son of Franklin Reeve, a teacher and novelist, and Barbara Pitney, a journalist. 里夫在1952年9月25日出生于纽约，是富兰克林·里夫和芭芭拉·皮特尼的儿子，他的父亲既是老师也是小说家，他的母亲是一名记者。 He found his passion in acting and starred in his first school play at the age of eight. 里夫在表演中找到了激情，八岁时就主演了学校的第一部话剧。 •Although he believed he would only ever act on stage, Reeve tried out for, and was eventually given the lead role in a Superman film. 尽管他认为自己只会在舞台上表演，但他还是参加了试演，并最终在《超人》中担任主角。 课前预习自检 ④ n. 小说家 ⑤ n. 新闻工作者 ⑥ n. 强烈的爱好，热爱；激情 ⑦Although引导 从句，he would only ever ... act on stage为省略了引导词 _____的______从句。 novelist journalist passion 让步状语 that 宾语 课前预习自检 Reeve starred in four Superman films from 1978 to 1987. 从1978年到1987年，里夫主演了四部《超人》电影。 He realised that his roles in these films had given him the opportunity to be a real­life superman, and he soon gained a reputation for raising awareness for good causes. 他意识到这些电影中的角色给了他成为现实版超人的机会，并且他很快就因关注公益事业而出名。 •He visited sick children in hospitals and worked with organisations such as Save the Children, speaking out about health, education and child protection to help those most in need. 他探访了医院里的患病儿童，并与“拯救儿童”等公益组织合作，就健康、教育和儿童保护发表演讲，帮助那些最需要帮助的人。 课前预习自检 ⑧ n. 机会；时机 ⑨ n. 名誉；名望 ⑩ n. 认识；意识 ⑪ n. 组织；团体；机构 ⑫speaking out about health, education and child protection为现在分词短语作_____ __________。 opportunity reputation awareness organisation 伴随状语 课前预习自检 Unfortunately, in 1995 disaster struck Reeve. 不幸的是，在1995年，一场灾难击垮了里夫。 While horseback riding, he was thrown off his horse and broke his neck. 他在骑马时，从马上掉下来，摔断了脖子。 •His injuries were so severe that he had no movement or feeling in his body at all and even needed a machine to help him breathe. 他的伤势非常严重，以至于他的身体无法做任何活动也没有任何感觉，甚至需要一台机器来帮助他呼吸。 At first, his doctors did not believe that he would survive. 起初，他的医生不相信他能活下来。 During this time, Reeve felt like he had lost all hope. 在这段时间里，里夫觉得他失去了所有的希望。 课前预习自检 ⑬ vi.& vt. 突然发生(某种不幸)；突然有坏的影响；打，击 ⑭ adj. 很严重的 ⑮ n. 运动，动作，活动 ⑯so ... that意为“_______________”，其中that引导_________从句。 strike severe movement 如此……以至于 结果状语 课前预习自检 •Having once been a healthy and successful young man to being trapped in a broken body was like a living nightmare to him. 曾经，一个健康而成功的年轻人，现在却被困在这副破碎的身体里，这对他来说就像是一场活生生的噩梦。 He admitted that during the early stages of living with his injury, he wished that he was dead and even thought of ending his own life. 他承认在受伤的早期阶段，他希望自己已经死了，甚至想过结束自己的生命。 He fell into a depression which lasted for many months. 他陷入了持续数月的抑郁之中。 •It was only due to the ongoing support of his wife, family and friends that he eventually found the will to live again. 在妻子、家人和朋友的不断支持下，他才最终找到了活下去的意愿。 课前预习自检 ⑰Having ... to being trapped in a broken body是现在分词短语作 。 ⑱ n. 噩梦，梦魇 ⑲ n. 忧郁，沮丧，消沉；抑郁症 ⑳ 由于，因为 21 adj. 继续进行的，不断发展的 22该句为It was ... that ... 的_______。 主语 nightmare depression due to ongoing 强调句 课前预习自检 For the years that followed he focused his attention on his goal of one day walking again. 在接下来的几年里，他把注意力集中在有一天能重新走路的目标上。 With a new sense of energy and commitment, Reeve undertook an intense exercise programme to help him achieve this goal. 带着一种全新的活力和责任感，里夫开始了一项高强度的运动计划，以帮助他实现这一目标。 •He engaged in a wide range of exercises designed to rebuild muscle, and made remarkable progress. 他参加了一系列旨在重建肌肉的运动，并取得了显著的进步。 课前预习自检 Shortly after, he managed to return to his film career by directing, producing and even starring in films. 不久之后，他通过导演、制作甚至主演电影重新回到了电影行业。 He also wrote a biography and returned to his charity work. 他还写了一本传记，并继续从事慈善工作。 课前预习自检 23 n. 投入，忠诚，奉献；承诺 24 vt. 着手做，承担 25 adj. 强烈的，剧烈的 26 vi. 参加，参与 27 vt. 计划，设计 28designed to rebuild muscle为过去分词短语作______。 29 n. 传记 commitment undertake intense engage design 定语 biography 课前预习自检 Reeve became a passionate and energetic advocate for people with back injuries and disabilities, raising millions of dollars in support of medical research. 里夫成了一个充满激情和活力的倡导者，为那些背部受伤和残疾人士筹集数百万美元支持医学研究。 “What I do is based on powers we all have inside us ... and you don't have to be a ‘superman’ to do it.” “我所做的一切都基于我们内心的力量……你不必成为‘超人’才能做到这一点。” His positive attitude inspired many people who were stuck in illness. 他乐观积极的态度激励了许多身陷疾病的人。 课前预习自检 “With the progress of new medical research, I'm confident that people like me would be able to walk again one day. “随着新的医学研究的发展，我相信像我这样的人将来有一天能够再次行走。 So you can see, I'm too busy with living to think of giving up！” 如你所见，我太忙了，没有时间考虑放弃！” 课前预习自检 30 __________ adj. 具有强烈信念的；热爱的，酷爱的 31 ________ adj. 精力充沛的，充满活力的 32 ________ n. 提倡者；拥护者；鼓吹者 33 ________ n. 伤残，残障，障碍 34 _______ n. 看法，态度 passionate energetic advocate disability attitude 课前预习自检 Sadly, on 10 October, 2004, Christopher Reeve passed away. 不幸的是，2004年10月10日，克里斯托弗·里夫去世了。 He will always be remembered as a superhero—in more ways than one. 他将永远不只以一种方式被人们铭记为超级英雄。 课前预习自检 重点合作探究 1 pick out 挑选(教材P56) 归纳 拓展 重点合作探究 ①I picked out an old friend in the crowd. 我在人群中认出了一位老朋友。 ②Don't pick off any of these flowers. 这些花一朵也不要采摘。 ③We drove to the airport the next morning to pick up Susan. 第二天早晨我们开车去机场接苏姗。 重点合作探究 图形助记 重点合作探究 (1)写出下列句中pick out的含义 ①She was picked out from dozens of applicants for the job.________ ②There were so many people at the conference that I couldn't pick him out.________ ③Having read the passage many times, I finally picked out its main idea.______ (2)单句语法填空 ①You should pick ____ the most important thing to do. ②He has picked ____ slowly since he came out of hospital. 挑选 辨认出 领会 out up 重点合作探究 2 protest n. & vi.& vt. 抗议；反对(教材P56) 归纳 拓展 重点合作探究 ①Some consumers protested against/about/at the bad service in the shop. ＝Some consumers made a protest against the bad service in the shop. 一些消费者对这家商店糟糕的服务提出了抗议。 ②I only signed the document under protest. 我不情愿地签了这份文件。 ③Ben accepted his punishment without protest. 本心甘情愿地接受了惩罚。 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 ①He protested _____ he had no views of that sort. ②The Humane Society protested ______________ wearing fur coats. ③If I have to do it, I shall do it ______ protest. (2)单句表达 学生们走上街头，抗议这项决定。 Students took to the streets ________________________________． that against/about/at under to protest against/about/at the decision 重点合作探究 3 inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的(教材P56) 归纳 拓展 重点合作探究 ①All of the students were inspired by the inspiring speech given by the headmaster. 所有的学生都被校长那鼓舞人心的演讲所激励。 ②I hope this success will inspire you to make greater efforts. 我希望这次成功能激励你更加努力。 ③The good news inspired us with pride and courage. ＝The good news inspired pride and courage in us. 这个好消息让我们产生了自豪感和勇气。 ④I was inspired with your inspiring remarks, which brought me a creative inspiration. 你鼓舞人心的评论激励着我，给我带来了创作的灵感。 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 ①Music can make you laugh, cry or shout; it's also a great source of ________ (inspire)． ②Her story inspires us ________ (pursue) our dream bravely. (2)句型转换 His encouraging remarks inspired confidence in me. →His encouraging remarks ________________________. inspiration to pursue inspired me with confidence 重点合作探究 111 4 What a shame！(教材P105) 真遗憾！ 剖析 What a shame是一个感叹句，后面省略了it was。what修饰名词。 归纳 拓展 重点合作探究 ①What a clever boy (he is)! 多聪明的男孩啊！ ②What pretty girls (they are)! 多漂亮的女孩啊！ ③What fine weather (it is)! 多好的天气啊！ ④How brave a girl (she is)! 多勇敢的女孩啊！ ⑤How interesting! 多有趣啊！ 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 ①______ a strange plant! ②_____ fast the clouds are driving across the sky! (2)单句表达 他是个多么努力的男孩啊！ ______________________ he is! What How What a hard­working boy 重点合作探究 111 5 further adj. 更多的，进一步(教材P106) 归纳 拓展 重点合作探究 ①She should go abroad for further education. 她应该出国深造。 ②We must go further into the question. 我们必须进一步研究这个问题。 ③He did all he could to further food safety. 他尽他所能来推进食品安全。 far—farther—farthest 多指具体的距离“较远”“最远”；far—further—furthest多指程度上“进一步”“最深”等抽象意义。 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 ①For _______ (far) details call this number. ②Don’t hesitate to turn to us if you have any _______ (far) problems. (2)单句表达 他走了更远以获得该洞穴的更多消息。 He walked ________ forward to get the ________________ of the cave. further further farther further information 重点合作探究 6 judge vi.& vt. 评价；判断(教材P106) 归纳 拓展 重点合作探究 ①Judging from/by what he said, he must be an honest man. 根据他所说的话来判断，他一定是一个诚实的人。 ②As far as I can judge, he should be responsible for it. 依我看，他应对此事负责。 ③The judge sentenced him to three years in prison. 法官判他三年监禁。 重点合作探究 图形助记 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 ①________ (judge) from what you said in your letter, you were very happy. ②The leader refused to make a _________ (judge) about the situation. ③Your speech was heard by a group of five ________ (judge), all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year. (2)单句表达 你绝不能以貌取人。 You should never ________________ their looks. Judging judgement judges judge persons by 重点合作探究 7 impressive adj. 令人钦佩的，给人印象深刻的(教材P106) 归纳 拓展 重点合作探究 ①The Palace Museum was the most impressive architecture he'd ever seen. 故宫是他曾见过的最让人印象深刻的建筑。 ②More importantly, we must impress them with the spirit of our people. 更重要的是，我们必须用我们人民的精神给他们留下深刻印象。 ③His trip to India made/left a strong impression on him. 他的印度之行对他的触动很大。 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 ①What you said made ___ deep impression on me. ②The girl impressed us ____ her sense of humour. ③Among his many good qualities, punctuality is the most ________ (impress) one. (2)单句表达 老师要我们牢记学好英语的重要性。 Our teacher ________________ the importance of learning English well. a with impressive impressed us with 重点合作探究 8 respect vt.& n. 尊敬；敬佩(教材P106) 归纳 拓展 重点合作探究 ①If you don't respect yourself, how can you expect others to respect you? 如果你自己都不自重，又怎能指望别人尊重你呢？ ②When we show respect for others, we win the respect of them at the same time. 在尊重他人的同时，我们也得到了他人的尊重。 ③Out of respect for the audience, he took off his hat. 出于对观众的尊重，他摘下了帽子。 ④Go and make yourself look respectable. 去把自己弄得体面点儿。 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 ①She was ________ (respect) by her students for her good teaching. ②The famous scientist came to Shanghai from Paris to visit his most ________ (respect) teacher. ③They are each recognized specialists in their ________ (respect) fields. (2)单句表达 她一直对别人诚实，我非常敬重她这一点。 She has always been honest with others, and I _____________ that. respected respected respective respect her for 重点合作探究 9 independent adj. 独立的，自主的(教材P106) 归纳 拓展 重点合作探究 ①He is old enough to be independent of his parents. 他足够大可以独立，不再依赖父母了。 ②At the age of twelve, I began to live a life of independence. 十二岁时，我就开始独立生活了。 ③Whether we can go for a picnic is dependent on/depends on the weather. 我们是否能去野餐取决于天气。 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 ①The rest of the time which they spend at school is used for ___________ (dependent) study. ②A good teacher encourages ____________ (independent) of thought. ③The changes of seasons are independent ___ anyone’s wishes. (2)单句表达 Now that you are a high school student, you should learn __________________ (独立于) your parents. independent independence of to be independent of 重点合作探究 10 regard vt. 认为，看作(教材P58) 归纳 拓展 重点合作探究 ①We all regarded him as a hero. 我们都把他看作一个英雄。 ②Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, is regarded as one of the best all­round forms of exercise. 如今，与慢跑和游泳一样，骑自行车也被看作是一种最全面的运动方式。 ③As she told me all in regard to the house, I could hear the excitement and joy in her voice. 当她告诉我所有关于那个房子的事情时，我能从她的声音里听出兴奋和喜悦。 ④The club welcomes all new members regardless of age. 俱乐部对所有新成员不分年龄一律欢迎。 重点合作探究 单句语法填空 ①Please give my ________ (regard) to your family. ②The volunteers aim to help victims of disasters ________ (regard) of their nationalities. ③What is her ambition ________ (regard) Chinese music? ④As _______ (regard) a cure for the disease, very few advances have been made. regards regardless regarding regards 重点合作探究 11 Thus, not only is he known as a superhero in the Superman films, but he is also regarded as a superhero to many in real life.(教材P58) 因此，他不仅是《超人》电影中的超级英雄，在现实生活中也被许多人视为超级英雄。 剖析 not only ... but also ... “不但……而且……”，连接两个并列分句，如果not only位于句首，其所在分句要用部分倒装。否定副词(词组)never, nor, not, hardly, little, seldom, by no means, at no time, in no case, no sooner, not until等置于句首时，句子用部分倒装，即将谓语的一部分置于主语之前。 归纳 拓展 重点合作探究 ①Not only can students improve their writing ability in this way, but they can strengthen their self­confidence. 同学们不仅可以用这种方式提高他们的写作能力，而且还能够增强自信心。 ②Not only did the poor man lose his job, but he was also sent to prison. 这个可怜人不仅丢了工作，而且还被送进了监狱。 ③We can watch the ceremony not only on TV but also through the Internet. 我们不但可以从电视上观看开幕式，还可以通过网络来观看。 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 ①Not only _____ (do) we forget to turn off the lights in the kitchen, but we (also) failed to lock the front door. ②Seldom ______ (do) he go to the film. ③Not until I told him ____ (do) little John focus his attention on his homework. (2)单句表达 正如你知道的，打乒乓球不仅能增强你的体质，而且能塑造你的性格。 As you know, _____________ playing ping­pong build up your body ____ it ________ shapes your character. did does did not only can but also 重点合作探究 12 reputation n. 名誉；名望(教材P59) 归纳 拓展 重点合作探究 ①Your company has a good reputation in this area and I heard nothing but praise about it. 贵公司在本地区声誉很好，有口皆碑。 ②She devoted herself entirely to her research and it earned her a good reputation in her field. 她全身心地投入到她的研究中，这为她在该领域中赢得了良好的声誉。 ③The service at this hotel failed to live up to its reputation. 这家旅馆的服务名不副实。 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 ①I know your hotel is a five­star­grade hotel with __ good reputation both at home and abroad. ②Burns had a reputation ___ being funny and pleasant to be around. (2)单句表达 我们的产品设计独特并且质量可靠，因而拥有很好的声誉。 Our products _______________________ its unique design and high quality. a for have a good reputation for 重点合作探究 13 awareness n. 认识；意识(教材P59) 归纳 拓展 重点合作探究 ①To raise the attendants' awareness of service, the two companies launched a program for their attendants to exchange experience on Nov.1. 为了提高服务人员的服务意识，在11月1日，这两家公司为他们的服务人员发起了一次相互交流经验的活动。 ②Everyone should be aware of his rights and responsibilities. 每个人都应该明白自己的权利和责任。 ③As far as I'm aware, nobody has done anything about it. 据我所知，尚无人对此采取任何措施。 重点合作探究 (1)aware常用作表语或补足语，通常不作定语。 (2)aware的修饰语通常用well或quite，表示“很，非常”，而不用very。 Someone made him aware of the effects of his actions.If so, he could gradually raise public moral awareness. 有人意识到他行动的影响。这样，他就能逐渐提高公众的道德意识。 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 ①If you have any problems, you should make your teacher aware ___ them. ②Are you aware _____ there is something wrong with the computer? ③UNESCO recently set April 30 as a day to raise _________ (aware) of jazz music, its significance, and its potential as a unifying voice across cultures. (2)单句表达 我们要进一步提高对应急工作重要性的认识。 We must further ________________ the importance of emergency work. of that awareness raise awareness of 重点合作探究 14 organisation n. 组织；团体；机构(教材P59) 归纳 拓展 重点合作探究 ①Smith doesn't want to be involved in the organisation of the conference, although his wife wishes him to be the organiser. 尽管他的妻子希望他能成为一个组织者，但是史密斯不想参与会议的组织工作。 ②You should try and organise your time better. 你应该尽量更有效地安排你的时间。 ③She organised the class into four groups. 她把全班分成四组。 重点合作探究 单句语法填空 ①His application for membership of the __________ (organise) was rejected. ②In the broad sense, critical thinking is focused on ________ (organise) thinking. ③These days, we rely heavily on computers _________ (organise) our work. ④He wanted to have an __________ ___________ to help those in need, whose ________ could make its work well ________. (organise) organisation organised to organise organisation organised organisers organised 重点合作探究 15 strike vi.& vt. 突然发生(某种不幸)；突然有坏的影响；打，击(教材P59) 归纳 拓展 重点合作探究 ①The clock strikes the hours, the half and the quarters. 这个钟在正点、半点和一刻钟时都打点。 ②He struck a match and lit his cigarette. 他擦了根火柴点燃香烟。 ③The visitors were struck by/with the beauty of the West Lake. 游客们被西湖的美景迷住了。 ④It strikes me that the man was not telling the truth. 我觉得那个人没说真话。 重点合作探究 易混辨析：strike/beat/hit strike 多指用力急速或突然一次猛击 beat 连续或反复地打；在游戏、竞赛或战争中打败对手 hit 常与strike换用，侧重有目标的猛击，往往含有重重一击或用力敲打等含意 ①My heart beats fast. 我的心跳得很快。 ②He hit her hard in the face. 他重重地打了她一耳光。 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 ①The workers went ___ strike last week to demand job security. ②___ struck me that there was no one at home. (2)选词填空(hit/strike/beat) ①She ___ him playfully over the head with her newspaper. ②The car was ______ by a falling tree. ③We could hear the rain _______ on the roof of the house. on It hit struck beating 重点合作探究 ①We must be severe with ourselves and lenient with others. 我们必须严于律己，宽以待人。 ②Anyone breaking the law will be severely punished. 任何违反法律的人都将被严惩。 16 severe adj. 很严重的(教材P59) 归纳 拓展 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 ①Parents don't punish their children so ________ (severe) these days. ②Was his mother too severe ________ him? (2)单句表达 这场暴风雨给沿海地区造成了严重的损害。 The storm ______________________ the coastal areas. severely with/on caused severe damage to 重点合作探究 ①The company's losses were due to poor management. 公司的损失是因为管理不善。 ②Rose is due to start school in January. 罗斯一月份就要开始上学了。 ③The band's first album is due for release later this month. 这个乐队的第一张唱片预计在本月月底发行。 17 due to 由于，因为(教材P59) 归纳 拓展 重点合作探究 due to“由于，因为”，常作表语，也可作状语，但一般不能放于句首。 表示“因为，由于”的表达： (1)从属连词：as, since, because (2)并列连词：for (3)介词短语：due to, owing to, because of, thanks to, as a result of, on account of 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 ①Changes in the climate are due ___ pollution of the atmosphere. ②He cannot go to school because ___ his sickness. (2)单句表达 你的失败正是因为你自己的粗心大意。 Your failure was _______ nothing but your own carelessness. to of due to 重点合作探究 18 commitment n. 投入，忠诚，奉献；承诺(教材P59) 归纳 拓展 重点合作探究 ①Come and look round our shop without commitment to buy something. 请随时来我们店转转，不一定非要买东西。 ②He didn't commit himself to anything on that matter. 他没有对那件事做出任何承诺。 ③If you actually did commit a crime, you would be punished. 如果你真的犯了罪，就会受到惩罚。 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 ①From then on, I committed myself to ______ (lose) weight and getting into shape. ②I felt I did not have to make such a commitment ___ you. (2)单句表达 不论你遇到什么困难，都要履行承诺。 No matter what difficulty you will meet with, _______________________． losing to carry out your commitment 重点合作探究 19 undertake vt. 着手做，承担(教材P59) 归纳 拓展 重点合作探究 ①The girl undertook the responsibility of looking after her mother. 这个小女孩承担起了照顾母亲的责任。 ②Now that you have undertaken to help them, you must keep your promise. 既然你答应帮助他们，你就要遵守诺言。 ③I can't undertake that you will make a profit. 我不能保证你一定会赚钱。 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 ①We cannot undertake _____ we shall finish the task in time. ②She is glad to undertake ________ (sweep) the rooms and set them in order. (2)单句表达 ①他们愿意承担变革的责任。 They are willing to ________________________ for the changes. ②他从事这份工作已经好几年了，每当他被安排去承担一项新的任务时，他总会确保把它做好。 He _____________________ for years, and he always _________ to do it well every time he is assigned to _________________． that to sweep undertake the responsibility has undertaken this work undertakes undertake a new task 重点合作探究 20 design vt. 计划，设计(教材P59) 归纳 拓展 重点合作探究 ①She made a beautiful design for a dress. 她绘制了一幅漂亮的服装设计图。 ②Did you do this by design or by accident? 你是故意还是偶然这样做的？ ③This piece of land is designed for a garden. 这块地计划用作花园。 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 The weekend party was designed ________ (bring) the two old men together. (2)单句表达 ①They asked me to _____________ (设计一个海报) for the campaign. ②The programme ________________ (旨在帮助) the people who have been out of work for a long time. ③She arrived just as we were leaving, but I’m not sure whether this was by accident or _________ (故意地)． to bring design a poster is designed to help by design 重点合作探究 21 advocate n. 提倡者；拥护者；鼓吹者(教材P59) 归纳 拓展 重点合作探究 (1)advocate 后可用动名词作宾语，不能用不定式作宾语。 (2)“支持，拥护”速记 ①advocate　②support　③sustain　④in favour of　⑤back up　⑥be for ①We advocate higher salaries for teachers. 我们主张提高教师的工资。 ②People advocate that everyone (should) live a low­carbon life. 人们主张每个人都应该过一种低碳生活。 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 ①Many experts advocate _________ (reward) your child for good behaviour. ②It is advocated that web­based self­access learning __________________ (integrate) into college courses. (2)单句表达 他主张削减军用开支。 He advocates that military spending _________________． rewarding (should) be integrated (should) be reduced 重点合作探究 22 attitude n. 看法，态度(教材P59) 归纳 拓展 ①I like her attitude very much, and the behaviour of the other students shows that they like her, too. 我非常喜欢她的态度，其他学生的行为表明他们也喜欢她。 ②What is your attitude towards/to senior high students taking up a part­time job? 你对高中生做兼职有什么看法？ 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 ①We like our English teacher very much; she always takes __ friendly attitude towards us. ②There is such a big difference in the attitude ________ the Chinese food. (2)单句表达 他对家庭作业的态度不端正。 He ________________________ his homework. a towards/to has a bad attitude to/towards 重点合作探究 课堂效果检测(一) Ⅰ.根据语境及汉语提示和首字母提示完成句子 1．Mark started to ______ (抗议), but Fran cut him off and continued to say that Mark’s plan wouldn’t work. 2．The ________ (提倡者) put forward the proposal we were opposed to be rediscussed at the next meeting. 3．There is an ________ (继续进行的) debate on the issue. 4．Some people don’t show ____________ (歧视) in their choice of books, reading whatever they can get. 5．Howard Beach is a mostly white neighborhood that is perhaps best known for a ______ (种族的) incident, where a group of white teens caused the death of a black man. protest advocate ongoing discrimination 答案 racial 课堂效果检测(一) 91 6．It is not your grades but the a______ to your course that matters. 7．Whichever nation uses nuclear weapons will e_____ the whole world in war. 8．A career as a teacher requires one hundred per cent c_________． 9．A s_____ traffic accident happened on the highway, but the driver was not to blame for the traffic accident. 10．As a student, you must show r_____ for your teachers. ttitude ngage ommitment evere 答案 espect 课堂效果检测(一) 92 Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．Gandi insisted on winning independence by ________ (peace) struggles, not by force. 2．I’ve never seen a more ________ (inspire) one before. 3．If you had called me, I wouldn’t have gone to the cinema; what __ shame! 4．Before we go any ______ (far), it’s important to make sure you understand what an interview is and why it’s arranged. 5．________ (judge) from his appearance, he is most probably a new teacher. peaceful inspiring a further 答案 Judging 课堂效果检测(一) 93 6．It can’t be more _________ (impress) and has brought us a wonderful experience. 7．Of the two brothers, Bill is the younger one, and he is a quiet boy, one ____ most adults like very much. 8．Marty’s ________ (ability) is “one in a million”； in other words, there are not many people in the world like him. 9．After a pleasant summer vacation, the family came back from Beidaihe, fresh and ________ (energy)． 10．The new bridge ________________ (design) by the end of last month. impressive that disability energetic 答案 had been designed 课堂效果检测(一) 94 Ⅲ.选词填空 1．He ______________ a national hero for winning the first gold medal for his country in the Olympics. 2．On seeing the great artist appear _______， the audience burst out cheering. 3．He arrived at the office late this morning _______ the storm. 4．A man should ____________ his deeds, not his words. was regarded as on stage due to be judged by 答案 pick ... out; the other day; be regarded as; due to; pass away; give up; shortly after; try ... out; on stage; be judged by 课堂效果检测(一) 95 5．That was the last time that I had seen my father before he ____________． 6．Once he has made up his mind, no one can persuade him to _______． 7．___________ he got back from abroad, he fell ill with a cold and had to lie in bed for almost a whole week. 8．They agreed to ___ me ___ for a week to see if I was up to the job I had applied for. 9．____________， when I went to the hospital to see my sick teacher, he said to me, “I’ll go back to school again some day.” 10．Dressed in a red dress, it was easy to ___ him ___ in the big crowd at the airport. passed away give up Shortly after try 答案 out The other day pick out 课堂效果检测(一) 96 课时语法精讲——同义词和反义词 课时语法精讲 98 语法体验 Ⅰ.写出下列单词的反义词 1．ability 能力—_______________无能力，不能 2．absent 缺席/不在—_______ 出席 3．actress 女演员—______ 男演员 4．increase增加—_____________ 减少 5．agree 同意—________ 不同意 inability/disability present actor decrease/lessen disagree 课时语法精讲 99 Ⅱ.写出下列单词的同义词 1．富裕的： rich, _______ 2．优秀的： excellent, __________ 3．明显的： obvious, ______________ 4．帮助： help, _________ 5．有活力的： energetic, _______ wealthy outstanding apparent, evident assist, aid dynamic 课时语法精讲 100 语法讲座 在英语里，如果两个词语的意思相同或相近，那么它们就被称作一对“同义词”，即“synonyms”，而意思相反的词语则叫作“反义词”，即“antonyms”。 同义词是意义几乎相同的一组词，它们词性相同。 1．形容词 贫穷的：poor, needy, impoverished, poverty­stricken, destitute 富裕的：rich, wealthy, affluent, well­to­do, well­off 优秀的：excellent, eminent, top, outstanding 一、同义词 课时语法精讲 101 积极的，好的：good, conducive, beneficial, advantageous 消极的，不良的：bad, detrimental, baneful，undesirable 明显的：obvious, apparent, evident, manifest 健康的： healthy, robust, sound, wholesome 惊人的： surprising, amazing, extraordinary, miraculous 美丽的： beautiful, attractive, gorgeous, eye­catching 有活力的：energetic, dynamic, vigorous, animated 课时语法精讲 102 2．动词 提高，加强：improve, enhance, promote, strengthen, optimize 引起： cause, trigger 解决： solve, resolve, address, tackle, cope with, deal with 拆除： destroy, tear down, knock down, eradicate 培养： develop, cultivate, foster, nurture 激发，鼓励： encourage, motivate, stimulate, spur 认为： think, assert, hold, claim, argue 完成： complete, fulfill, accomplish, achieve 保留： keep, preserve, retain, hold 损害： destroy, impair, undermine, jeopardize 课时语法精讲 103 3．名词 影响： influence, impact 危险： danger, peril, hazard 污染： pollution, contamination 人类： human beings, mankind, human race 老人： old people, the old, the elderly, the aged, senior citizen 幸福： happiness, cheerfulness, well­being 老师： teacher, instructor, educator, lecturer 教育： education, schooling, upbringing 青少年： young people, youngster, youth, adolescent 优点： advantage, merit, superiority, virtue 责任： responsibility, obligation, duty, liability 能力： ability, capacity, power 课时语法精讲 104 写出下列单词的同义词 ①accept, ________ (v. 接受) ②matter, _______________ (n. 事情) ③advise, ________ (v. 劝说，建议) ④almost, ______ (adv. 几乎) ⑤appear, ________ (v. 看起来) ⑥assist, ________ (v. 帮助) ⑦beat, ________ (v. 击打) ⑧besides, _______________ (prep. 除了) ⑨cause, ______ (n. 原因) receive affair, event, thing persuade nearly look, seem help, aid hit, strike except, except for reason 课时语法精讲 105 ⑩cost, ______________ (v. 花费) ⑪damage, ____________ (v. 损害) ⑫desire, _________ (v. 希望，想要) ⑬divide, ________ (v. 分离) ⑭happen, ________ (v. 发生) ⑮lend, ________ (v. 借) ⑯look, _________ (v. 看) ⑰scan, _________ (v. 浏览) ⑱provide, ___________ (v. 提供) ⑲quiet, _______________ (adj. 安静的) ⑳arrive, _________ (v. 到达) spend, pay, take destroy, ruin wish, want separate take place borrow see, watch skim, skip offer, supply calm, still, silent get, reach 课时语法精讲 106 1．反义词是意义相反的一组词语 和同义词一样，它们的词性相同 healthy adj. 健康的—sick adj. 生病的 positive adj. 积极的—negative adj. 消极的 alive adj. 活的—dead adj. 死的 二、反义词 课时语法精讲 107 2．词根加上前缀或者后缀构成反义词 英语的否定前缀主要有a­， ab­， anti­， counter­， de­， dis­， il­， im­， in­， ir­， mal­， mis­， non­， un­，后缀主要有­less ①a­，ab­主要加在形容词、动词前，例如：atypical 非典型性的，abnormal 反常的，abuse 滥用；虐待； ②anti­加在名词、形容词前。最常见的是：anti­Japanese 抗日战争，antiaging 抗衰老的，antidote 解药； ③counter­加在名词、动词前，例如：counterstrike 反击，counteract 抵抗，counterrevolution 反革命； 课时语法精讲 108 ④de­加在名词、形容词前，例如：decrease 减少，deteriorate 恶化，demobilize 遣散，使复员，decolor 脱色，漂白； ⑤dis­主要加在名词、形容词、动词前，dis­为否定前缀的词有：disadvantage 缺点，dishonorable 不光彩的，disagree 不同意，disappear 消失，disarm 解除武装，disconnect 失去联系； ⑥il­主要加在以l开头的单词前，例如：illegal 非法的，illiterate 文盲的，illogical 不合逻辑的； ⑦im­加在字母m，b，p之前，这样的词有：immoral 不道德的，imbalanced 不平衡的，impossible 不可能的，impolite 不礼貌的； 课时语法精讲 109 ⑧in­常加在形容词、名词之前，例如：incorrect 不正确的，inability 不能，无力，inaccurate 不准确的； ⑨ir­加在以r开头的英语单词前，例如：irregular 不规则的，irresistible 不可抵抗的，irresolvable 不能分解的，不能解决的； ⑩mal­主要加在形容词、名词之前，例如：malfunction 功能紊乱，malicious 恶意的； ⑪mis­加在动词、名词前，例如：misunderstand 误解，misjudge 误判，mislead 误导，misfortune 不幸； 课时语法精讲 110 ⑫non­加在形容词、名词前，以non­为否定前缀的词有：nonexistence 不存在，nonessential不重要的，nonelectrical 非电气的； ⑬un­主要加在名词、形容词、副词前，常见的例词有：unfinished 未完成的，undoubted 无疑的，unemployment 失业； ⑭­less主要加在名词的后面，常见的例词有：homeless 无家可归的，hopeless 绝望的，jobless 失业的，helpless 无助的。 课时语法精讲 111 写出下列单词的反义词 ①cautious—________ ②careful—_______ ③strike—___________ ④advantage—__________ ⑤regular—________ ⑥understand—____________ ⑦finished—________ ⑧possible—________ ⑨increase—________ ⑩normal—________ incautious careless counterstrike disadvantage irregular misunderstand unfinished impossible decrease abnormal 课时语法精讲 112 课堂效果检测（二） 普通词汇 高级词汇 普通词汇 高级词汇 chance ___________ choice __________ idea ________ people __________ result _____________ shortcoming _________ have ________ replace __________ bear ____________ understand _____________ develop _________ consider _______________ enough _________ rich __________ Ⅰ.同义词替换 (将下列常用词汇进行升华，用高级词汇来代替) opportunity alternative opinion individual 答案 consequence drawback possess substitute put up with make sense of promote take into account adequate abundant 课堂效果检测（二） 114 proper __________ important ____________ interesting ________________ difficult __________ finally __________ hardly _______ immediately _________ nowadays _________ so ________ and _________ appropriate vital/significant absorbing/appealing challenging 答案 eventually barely in a flash currently therefore as well as 课堂效果检测（二） 115 Ⅱ.写出下列单词的反义词 1．able 能—_______不能 2．capable 有能力的—________ 无能力的 3．active 主动的—_______ 被动的 4．active 活跃的—_______ 不活跃的 5．optimistic 乐观的—__________ 悲观的 6．former 前者—_____ 后者 7．approval赞成—_________ 反对 8．allow 允许— _____ 禁止 9．badly­off贫穷—_______ 富有 10．bitter 苦的—_____ 甜的 unable incapable passive inactive 答案 pessimistic latter disapproval forbid well-off sweet 课堂效果检测（二） 116 课后课时作业（三） 较易题(占比60%)　中档题(占比40%)　拔高题(占比0%) 题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ A B C D 难度 ★★ ★ ★ ★★ ★ 课后课时作业（三） 118 Ⅰ　完形填空 Sharman and Bishop were a young couple in love. One day, __1__， everything changed. Sharman suffered from epilepsy (癫痫), __2__ complete memory loss. “I was __3__，” she recalled later. “I didn't even know my own name.” Upon arriving home, Sharman didn't know her parents. Her mother explained, “I was hugging her but she just looked at me __4__．” Sharman's __5__ tried to remind her of her past. No use, so her parents took her to the hospital, where she was __6__ with amnesia (失忆症). 课后课时作业（三） 119 During the days, Bishop never left her __7__. “I didn't know him but he was acting like we were in love，” she __8__. “So when I tried to end the relationship, he looked so __9__ and promised he would help me remember how __10__ we were together. Seeing how caring he was __11__ convinced me, so I agreed to give it a __12__．” Bishop has devoted his time to being with Sharman, telling her stories, and revisiting their old grounds. So far, his plan has __13__． 课后课时作业（三） 120 While Sharman hasn't gotten her __14__ back, she has been able to relearn her past. And while doctors say she could possibly forget everything all over again, she's not __15__. “Because love will make wonders.” 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。Sharman (沙曼)因为癫痫而患上失忆症，男友Bishop (毕夏普)和她的家人对她不离不弃。文章旨在告诉我们：爱能创造奇迹！ 篇章导读 课后课时作业（三） 121 1．(　　)A.however B．therefore C．anyway D．Then 2．(　　)A.breaking in B．resulting in C．taking in D．checking in 解析：根据语境可推知，上下文为转折关系。句意：Sharman和Bishop是一对年轻情侣，可是，有一天，一切都发生了改变。故选A。 答案 解析 解析：break in 打断；result in 导致；take in 吸收；check in 登记。句意：Sharman突发癫痫，这种病导致她失忆了。故选B。 课后课时作业（三） 122 3．(　　)A.pleased B．excited C．terrified D．Nervous 4．(　　)A.simply B．blankly C．firstly D．quickly 解析：根据下文可知，Sharman后来回忆道，她连自己的名字都忘记了，她一定吓坏了。terrified意为“害怕的”。故选C。 答案 解析 解析：根据上文可知，Sharman因为失去记忆不记得母亲，她只能一脸茫然地(blankly)看着这位女士。故选B。 课后课时作业（三） 123 5．(　　)A.friends B．classmates C．family D．Sisters 6．(　　)A.diagnosed B．puzzled C．counted D．guessed 解析：当Sharman回到了家，她的家人们想方设法让她记起过去的事情，下文“so her parents”为提示。故选C。 答案 解析 解析：根据上文可知，当家人们的努力没有起作用时，Sharman的父母带她去了医院，在那里，她被诊断(diagnose)为患有失忆症。故选A。 课后课时作业（三） 124 7．(　　)A.parents B．bed C．room D．side 8．(　　)A.forgot B．recalled C．pretended D．raised 解析：根据上文可知，在失忆的这段日子里，Bishop对Sharman照顾有加，从未离开她的身旁(side)。故选D。 答案 解析 解析：根据上文“she recalled later”可判断，Sharman是在回忆(recall)往事。故选B。 课后课时作业（三） 125 9．(　　)A.hurt B．broken C．humorous D．Brilliant 10．(　　)A.great B．different C．crazy D．frustrated 解析：根据上文可知，当Sharman提出结束他们的关系时，Bishop看上去非常痛苦，即很受伤(hurt)的样子。故选A。 答案 解析 解析：句意：Bishop向Sharman承诺会让她记起他们在一起时曾是多么美好(great)。故选A。 课后课时作业（三） 126 11．(　　)A.generally B．impressively C．finally D．approximately 12．(　　)A.sweet B．shot C．hand D．time 解析：generally 普遍地；impressively 令人难忘地；finally 最后；approximately 差不多地。Bishop的承诺最终打动了Sharman。故选C。 答案 解析 解析：承接上句，Sharman被Bishop感动了，她决定试一试。give it a shot意为“试一试”。故选B。 课后课时作业（三） 127 13．(　　)A.stopped B．passed C．failed D．worked 14．(　　)A.relation B．friendship C．success D．memory 解析：根据上文可知，Bishop使用各种方法帮助Sharman，而他的方法真的起作用了，此处work表示“起作用”。下文“been able to relearn her past”为提示。故选D。 答案 解析 解析：句意：虽然Sharman没有恢复她的记忆(memory)，但是她已经开始重新了解自己的过去。故选D。 课后课时作业（三） 128 解析：stressful 有压力的；horrible 可怕的；fearful 害怕的；confused 困惑的。句意：虽然医生说她有可能再次失忆，但是Sharman并不害怕，她说“因为爱能创造奇迹。”故选C。 答案 解析 15．(　　)A.stressful B．horrible C．fearful D．confused 课后课时作业（三） 129 Ⅱ　阅读 A In the summer of 1936, Jesse Owens joined the best athletes from fifty nations to compete in the Berlin Olympic Games. Until then, very few black athletes had competed in the Olympics for the United States. Owens was proud to be on the team. He was very sure of his ability. 课后课时作业（三） 130 Owens spent one week competing in four different Olympic track and field events (田径项目). And he won four gold medals in all four of the competitions. In the 100­meter run, he equaled the fastest time ever run in that Olympic event. In the long jump and the 200­meter run, he set new Olympic records.And as part of a four­man team, he helped set a new world record for the 400­meter relay race. He was the first American in the history of Olympic track and field events to win four gold medals in single Olympics. Owens's Olympic triumphs made him a hero. He returned home to parade (游行) in New York and Columbus. Businessmen paid him for the right to use his name in their stores. No one, however, offered him a permanent (固定的) job. He worked at small jobs. He and his family saw good times and bad times. 课后课时作业（三） 131 Poverty was not new to Owens. He was born in a poor family, but he was lucky that he entered a school where one white teacher, Charles Riley, took a special interest in him. He often brought the boy food and invited him to eat with his family.And every day before school, he taught Owens how to run like an athlete. Owens always remembered the teacher who helped change his life. In 1976, Gerald Ford awarded Jesse Owens the Presidential Medal of Freedom. This is the highest honor an American civilian (平民) can receive.Jesse Owens died of cancer in 1980, at the age of 67. 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了著名运动员Jesse Owens (杰西·欧文斯)在奥运比赛中所取得的成绩以及他的生活状况。 篇章导读 课后课时作业（三） 132 1．Owens set new records in the following events EXCEPT ________．(　　) A．the 400­meter relay race B．the 100­meter run C．the 200­meter run D．the long jump 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第三句可知，他在100米比赛中与奥运赛事中的最快时间持平，说明他没有创造新的纪录。故选B。 答案 解析 课后课时作业（三） 133 2．The underlined word “triumphs” in Paragraph 3 probably means “________”．(　　) A．challenges B．events C．styles D．victories 解析：词义猜测题。第二段重点介绍了Jesse Owens在奥运比赛中所取得的成绩。第三段介绍他被当作一位英雄，其原因自然是因为他所取得的成绩，由此可推知，triumphs表示“胜利，成功”。故选D。 答案 解析 课后课时作业（三） 134 3．Which of the following can be inferred according to the passage？(　　) A．Owens was the only black person competing in the Olympics for the US until 1936. B．Owens entered three competitions in the Berlin Olympic Games. C．Owens lived a rich life after the Berlin Olympic Games. D．Charles Riley had a great effect on Owens's success and life. 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，Jesse Owens的一位白人老师Charles Riley(查尔斯·莱利)给他提供物质上的帮助，并教会他像运动员一样跑步。由此可推知，Charles Riley对Owens的成功和生活产生了巨大的影响。故选D。 答案 解析 课后课时作业（三） 135 4．Which of the following CANNOT be used to describe Owens？(　　) A．Fortunate. B．Confident. C．Generous. D．Competitive. 解析：推理判断题。通读全文可推知，Jesse Owens是幸运的，遇到了一位很好的老师，并且他很自信并具有竞争力，但文章中没有谈到他很慷慨。故选C。 答案 解析 课后课时作业（三） 136 B Derek Rabclo is not the only surfer to conquer Hawaii's famous Pipeline big wave break, but while all others use their sight to do it, this young professional surfer must rely only on his other senses. That's because he is completely blind. When Derek was born, over 24 years ago, he got his name from Derek Ho, the first Hawaiian surfing world champion. A surfing enthusiast himself, Ernesto dreamed that his son would share the talent of his uncle, a professional surfer. Unfortunately, Derek was born completely blind, but this didn't stop his family from believing that he could do anything he wanted, even if that meant becoming a surfer. 课后课时作业（三） 137 At age 2, Derek received a bodyboard and the beaches of Guarapari, Brazil, became his backyard. He was always comfortable in the water and surfing was in his blood, but he didn't actually try riding a wave until he turned 17, when his father bought him a surfboard. His father taught him the basics and encouraged him to keep practicing, but after successfully standing up on the surfboard, Derek knew he needed to become much better if he was going to achieve Ernesto's dream and become a professional surfer. So he joined the Praia do Moroo surf school, where he studied under coach Fabio Maru. 课后课时作业（三） 138 Standing up on a surfboard and conquering small waves is one thing, while gathering the courage to take on Hawaii's board­breaking Pipeline is another. But that's exactly what Derek Rabelo set out to do just months after learning how to surf. Everyone told him it was too dangerous, but he felt he could do it. And he did, earning the praise of famous professional surfers like Kelly Slater and Mick Fanning. Now 24, Rabelo has been surfing the Pipeline every winter since. 篇章导读：本文是一篇人物传记。文章介绍了唯一一位征服Hawaii (夏威夷)巨浪的盲人职业冲浪者——Derek Rabclo (德里克·拉贝洛)。 篇章导读 课后课时作业（三） 139 5．What does the first paragraph tell us？(　　) A．Good eyesight is necessary for becoming good suffers. B．Nobody has ever conquered Hawaii's big wave break. C．Derek Rabelo dreams to conquer Hawaii's big wave break. D．Derek Rabelo is the only blind professional surfer to conquer Hawaii's big wave break. 解析：段落大意题。根据第一段可知，虽然Derek Rabclo不是唯一征服了夏威夷巨浪的职业冲浪者，但他是唯一一位盲人职业冲浪者。故选D。 答案 解析 课后课时作业（三） 140 6．How did Ernesto behave after Derek was born？(　　) A．He named him after his uncle. B．He never lost confidence in him. C．He sent him to a surfing champion. D．He started his own interest in surfing. 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，Ernesto自从Derek出生就没有对他失去信心。故选B。 答案 解析 课后课时作业（三） 141 7．After Derek was able to stand up on the surfboard, he ________．(　　) A．began to try riding a wave B．was no longer afraid of water C．realized he still had a long way to go D．knew his father's dream had come true 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第三句可推知，当Derek站上冲浪板后，他知道自己还有很远的路要走。故选C。 答案 解析 课后课时作业（三） 142 8．Which of the following words can best describe Derek according to the last paragraph？(　　) A．Brave and confident. B．Skillful but proud. C．Thoughtful and modest. D．Courageous but stubborn. 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段第三、四句可知，每个人都告诉他这太危险了，但他觉得自己能做到。他做到了，赢得了像凯利·斯莱特和米克·范宁这样的著名职业冲浪者的赞扬。由此可推知，他是勇敢而且自信的。故选A。 答案 解析 课后课时作业（三） 143 C The Olympic spirit is about a lot more than winning medals and setting records. Just look at the story of swimmer Eric Moussambani. The Equatoguinean found his passion for swimming shortly after high school. Unfortunately, football is far and away the most popular sport in Moussambani's home country. Living in such a football­crazed country, it was difficult for Moussambani to find a place to train consistently (持续地). Eventually, he found a 13­meter­sized hotel pool that he only had access to three hours a week. On days he could not use the pool, he trained in rivers. 课后课时作业（三） 144 After about eight months of swimming, he gained entry into the 2000 Summer Olympics through a program where the International Olympic Committee gave wild cards to developing nations to promote their sport further. In Sydney, Moussambani saw an Olympic­sized swimming pool for the first time, which was so big that Moussambani said he was “so scared” to compete in it. The day of the 100m freestyle came. Moussambani made an energetic start in the first 50 meters, but in the final half of the race, he struggled to stay afloat (漂浮着), so much so that those on the sidelines considered jumping in and helping him out of the water. “It was then that I heard the crowd screaming and shouting, encouraging me to ‘Go, go, go.’ It gave me the strength to finish，” Moussambani said. 课后课时作业（三） 145 After about eight months of swimming, he gained entry into the 2000 Summer Olympics through a program where the International Olympic Committee gave wild cards to developing nations to promote their sport further. In Sydney, Moussambani saw an Olympic­sized swimming pool for the first time, which was so big that Moussambani said he was “so scared” to compete in it. The day of the 100m freestyle came. Moussambani made an energetic start in the first 50 meters, but in the final half of the race, he struggled to stay afloat (漂浮着), so much so that those on the sidelines considered jumping in and helping him out of the water. “It was then that I heard the crowd screaming and shouting, encouraging me to ‘Go, go, go.’ It gave me the strength to finish，” Moussambani said. 课后课时作业（三） 146 Moussambani finished the race with a time of 1：52.72, the slowest recorded time in Olympic history, but the fans did not care, cheering him as if he had broken the world record. “This is what the Olympics are all about，” a commentator said. “The most important thing in the Olympic Games is not winning, but taking part. The essential thing in life is not defeating others, but fighting well，” he said. 课后课时作业（三） 147 Moussambani serves as the national swim team coach for Equatorial Guinea now. Gone are the days when Equatoguinean swimmers needed to train in open water. They now have two Olympic­sized swimming pools. Moussambani hopes to grow the sport in his country. 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了奥运会100米自由泳项目世界最慢记录的创造者——Eric Moussambani(埃里克·莫桑巴尼)鼓舞人心的故事。 篇章导读 课后课时作业（三） 148 9．Why did Moussambani fail to get proper swimming training？(　　) A．Swimming was not taken seriously in his country. B．Swimming in rivers appealed to him. C．He was busy with his schoolwork. D．He could not afford it. 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Unfortunately, football ... consistently (持续地)．”可知，Moussambani的祖国崇尚足球运动，对游泳不够重视，这导致他无法得到正规的训练。故选A。 答案 解析 课后课时作业（三） 149 10．How did Moussambani do in the race？(　　) A．He was too scared to swim. B．He quit at the first sign of trouble. C．He finished with great difficulty. D．He was pulled out of the water halfway. 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“he struggled to stay afloat (漂浮着)”和“It gave me the strength to finish”可推知，他艰难地完成了比赛。故选C。 答案 解析 课后课时作业（三） 150 11．What did the commentator think of Moussambani？(　　) A．He showed the Olympic spirit. B．He was a talented swimmer. C．He disappointed his fans. D．He could have fought better. 解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知，Moussambani在奥运会中的表现正是“重在参与”的最好体现。由此可推知，在这位评论员看来，Moussambani展示了奥运精神。故选A。 答案 解析 课后课时作业（三） 151 12．What does Moussambani wish to do now？(　　) A．Build some Olympic­sized swimming pools. B．Promote swimming in his country. C．Coach the national swim team. D．Win an Olympic medal. 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Moussambani hopes to grow the sport in his country.”可知，Moussambani现在希望能在自己的国家推广游泳运动。故选B。 答案 解析 课后课时作业（三） 152 D Jenny Lind was born in Stockholm Sweden, in 1820, the daughter of a teacher of languages.She is said to have been able to repeat a song that she had heard only once at the age of three. At ten years of age she sang children's parts on the Stockholm stage.After turning 12 years of age, her upper notes (高音) lost their sweetness, and for four years she did not do much singing.Her love for music continued and these years were spent on the study of instrumental music and composition. 课后课时作业（三） 153 At the end of this period her voice got its power and purity (纯净) again and for a year and a half she was the star of the Stockholm Opera.Next, she gave a series of concerts and went to Paris for further study, but the French teacher did not appreciate her powers and Jenny returned to her native city. When she was twenty­three years old, Jenny went to Dresden and when Queen Victoria visited that city the following year, she sang at the festivals held in the Queen's honor.This opened the way to astonishing success in other German cities.In 1847 she went to London and was warmly received.There she sang for the first time in concert. 课后课时作业（三） 154 Jenny Lind traveled to Paris to study with Manuel Garcia, a famous Spanish vocal (声乐) coach, who finally agreed to train her. Her husband, Otto Goldschmidt, was a famous German pianist who trained with Mendelssohn; they married in Boston while on tour in the US. After her marriage, she appeared on the stage from time to time, usually at concerts given for charities.She was deeply interested in charities and we can easily add to her title (头衔) of singer that of philanthropist. Her later years were spent in London where she died in 1887. Her life and songs are a sweet memory. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。Jenny Lind(珍妮·琳德)有着对音乐的喜爱和追求，最终在音乐方面取得了令人惊叹的成就。不仅如此，她还乐于慈善事业，是有名的慈善家。 篇章导读 课后课时作业（三） 155 13．Jenny Lind didn't sing much for four years because ________．(　　) A．she didn't like popular music B．she liked instrumental music and composition C．her voice was not at its best D．she was busy with her studies 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第四句可知，她四年没有演唱是因为她的嗓音不在最佳状态。故选C。 答案 解析 课后课时作业（三） 156 14．In order to learn more about music Jenny Lind went to ________．(　　) A．Paris B．Dresden C．Boston D．London 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，她为了学习更多的音乐知识去了巴黎。故选A。 答案 解析 课后课时作业（三） 157 15．According to the passage, which of the following can be inferred about Jenny Lind？(　　) A．She became famous in Stockholm when she was 10. B．Queen Victoria didn't like her performance at all. C．She got married with Mendelssohn in Britain. D．People are still impressed with her songs. 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Her life and songs are a sweet memory.”可推知，她的歌曲现在人们仍然记忆犹新。故选D。 答案 解析 课后课时作业（三） 158 16．The underlined word “philanthropist” in the last paragraph refers to a person who ________．(　　) A．gives money and help to people in need B．makes a large amount of money as a singer C．becomes happy by performing charities D．spends much time in singing 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“She was deeply interested in charities”可知，珍妮·琳德不仅是歌唱家而且还是“慈善家”。故选A。 答案 解析 课后课时作业（三） 159 课后课时作业（四） 较易题(占比50%)　中档题(占比25%)　拔高题(占比25%) 题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ 难度 ★★ ★ ★ ★★★ 课后课时作业（四） 161 Ⅰ　阅读 Naomi Shihab Nye has lots of things to write about. She never seems to run out of ideas, Naomi writes poetry for young people and adults, but she is also the author of essays, children's picture books, songs, and a novel for teenagers. Where does Naomi get her ideas? She sees poetry in the details of everyday life, like the way things smell or taste, the sounds of nature, the voices of her family, and the colors of a flower or a bird's wing or a strawberry. 课后课时作业（四） 162 Naomi's poetry is also often influenced by places she has lived in and visited. Naomi was raised by her Palestinian father and American mother. She grew up in St. Louis, Missouri, US, Jerusalem Israel; and San Antonio, Texas, US. Each of these places has its own unique features, which Naomi has described with her rich, descriptive language. Naomi also writes about her double cultures and the conflict between the Israelis and Palestinians in the Middle East. Today, Naomi has settled down in San Antonio. She knows many people who have a Mexican­American identity, and she works their experiences into her poetry. Naomi focuses on the ways that people of different cultures and backgrounds are similar rather than different. She has even traveled to the Middle East and Asia to promote international goodwill through the arts. Naomi firmly believes in the power of writing to change the world and help people find common ground. 课后课时作业（四） 163 Naomi Shihab Nye began writing poetry as soon as she learned how to write. She published her first poem when she was only seven years old! Since that time, Naomi has written and edited more than 20 books. She often tells young writers to write about their daily lives—the things they observe and the feelings they have. That's a good reminder for a writer！ 篇章导读：本文是一篇人物传记。文章介绍了美国著名女作家Naomi Shihab Nye (内奥米·希哈布·奈)。 篇章导读 课后课时作业（四） 164 1．Which of the following best describes Naomi according to Paragraph 1？(　　) A．Optimistic. B．Productive. C．Generous. D．Traditional. 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第二句可知，Naomi为年轻人和成年人写诗，但她还是杂文，儿童图画书，歌曲和青少年小说的作者。由此可推知，她写了许多作品，是一个“多产的”作家。故选B。 答案 解析 课后课时作业（四） 165 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，她在日常生活的细节中寻找诗歌创作的灵感。例如：事物的气味或味道，大自然的声音，家人的声音以及花，鸟的翅膀或草莓的颜色。由此可知，Naomi通过观察她周围的世界得到写作的灵感。故选A。 答案 解析 2．How does Naomi get her ideas？(　　) A．By observing the world around her. B．By visiting many different people. C．By reading famous writers' works. D．By comparing features of different places. 课后课时作业（四） 166 3．Where does Naomi live now？(　　) A．In Missouri, US. B．In Mexico. C．In Texas, US. D．In Israel. 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第三句可知，她曾在美国密苏里州的圣路易斯，以色列的耶路撒冷以及美国得克萨斯州的圣安东尼奥生活并长大。根据第四段第二句“Today, Naomi has settled down in San Antonio.(现在，Naomi已经定居在圣安东尼奥。)”可知，圣安东尼奥是美国得克萨斯州的城市。因此Naomi现在生活在美国的得克萨斯州。故选C。 答案 解析 课后课时作业（四） 167 解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第四、五、六句可知，Naomi专注于不同文化背景的人的相似之处而不是不同之处。她甚至前往中东和亚洲，通过艺术传播友好和善意。Naomi坚信写作可以改变世界并帮助人们找到共同点。由此可推知，Naomi具有强烈的社会责任感。故选A。 答案 解析 4．What can we learn about Naomi from the last two paragraphs？(　　) A．She has a strong sense of social responsibility. B．She focuses more on cultural differences. C．She lived a hard life in childhood. D．She writes books for improving writing skills. 课后课时作业（四） 168 Ⅱ　七选五 Niki Lauda will always be remembered, not only for his performance on the racetrack but also for his recovery in the face of tragedy (悲剧). This Austrian superstar chased his dreams interrupted many times, but astonished people with his unbelievable comebacks. Lauda's story is a total moving film and it will have you supporting him every step of the way. 1(____) So when a young Niki Lauda decided his passion was racing, his Austrian parents were far from pleased. Rebellious (叛逆的) from the very beginning, he was against his family's wishes and pursued his dreams anyway. But little did he know, 2(____) 课后课时作业（四） 169 Lauda's career didn't truly take off until he proved himself at the 1975 German Grand Prix (大奖赛). However, when it came to the next German Grand Prix, the true nightmare began. During the race, Lauda crashed into an embankment. His vehicle caught fire! Not only had he sustained terrible burns to his face, but he had also absorbed toxic fumes, damaging his lungs and blood. Because of injuries, he later fell into a coma. 3(____) Against all odds, he survived. 课后课时作业（四） 170 Although he'd managed to escape from death, Lauda's injuries were extensive. He'd lost his eyelids, his eyebrows, most of his right ear, and the majority of his hair. Because of the intense scarring, Lauda would never look the same again. 4(____) A mere six weeks after this terrible event, Lauda was back in the game. With his head wrapped in bloody bandages, he faced his fears. Driving through the pain, he still managed to place fourth. Niki Lauda's career is a testament to the human spirit. He never once doubted his passion or his love for racecar driving, and despite his many struggles, he managed to prove himself as one of the greatest racecar drivers of all time—5(____) 课后课时作业（四） 171 A．Still, he never gave up. B．But Lauda wasn't a dead man yet. C．Giving up is something Lauda doesn't do. D．Still, his looks were the least of his worries. E．Lauda's behavior is always beyond expectation. F．A career in racecar driving is risky and dangerous. G．Lauda's path would be far more dangerous than he ever expected. 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Niki Lauda (尼基·劳达)在他的赛车生涯中经历挫折但永不言败的故事。 篇章导读 课后课时作业（四） 172 1．答案： F 解析：根据下文“So when a young Niki Lauda ... far from pleased.”可知，Niki Lauda的决定引起了父母的不满，F项(开赛车是非常危险的职业。)与下文构成因果关系。故选F。 答案 解析 2．答案： G 解析：根据上文“Rebellious (叛逆的) from the very beginning, he was against his family's wishes and pursued his dreams anyway.”可知，Lauda不顾家人反对，从事了赛车生涯。“But little did he know”与上文构成转折，由此推知，G项(Lauda的赛车生涯比他预想的要危险得多。)符合题意。故选G。 课后课时作业（四） 173 3．答案： B 解析：根据上文“Because of injuries, he later fell into a coma.”可知，他命悬一线，结合下文“Against all odds, he survived.”可知，虽然受伤严重，但他还是活了下来。B项(但是Lauda并没有死。)承上启下。故选B。 答案 解析 课后课时作业（四） 174 答案 解析 4．答案： D 解析：根据上文“Because of the intense scarring, Lauda would never look the same again.”可知，他的容貌受损，结合下文“A mere six weeks after this terrible event, Lauda was back in the game.”可知，毁容的事情并没有打击他开赛车的决心，由此推知，他并不在意自己的外貌。D项(尽管如此，他的外貌是他最不在意的。)承上启下。故选D。 课后课时作业（四） 175 5．答案： C 解析：上文“He never once ... of all time(他从未怀疑过自己对开赛车的热情和热爱，尽管困难重重，他都能设法证明自己是有史以来最伟大的赛车手之一)”总结了Lauda永不言弃的品质，C项(放弃是Lauda绝不会做的事。)照应上文，表明了Niki Lauda是一个永不放弃的人。故选C。 答案 解析 课后课时作业（四） 176 Ⅲ　语法填空 I took a short flight the other day. The passengers on the plane __1__ (offer) an in­flight snack, a sandwich which contained dairy (奶制品) and meat. Since I __2__ (feel) totally full at that time of the day, I put it in my bag. I hoped later that day, I might come across a homeless person, to __3__ this sandwich may mean his only meal. Well, I did come across a homeless man later that day. That man was with __4__ (he) dog Bella. When I gave him __5__ sandwich, I noticed his smile as he was opening the sandwich. He shared it __6__ Bella. They started to eat quickly. __7__ (see) how hungry he was, I emptied my bag of all treats and food I had. I also went and bought a large coffee for him. He __8__ (excited) thanked me and continued to have his “big” meal. 课后课时作业（四） 177 Kindness is such a simple thing for us to do. __9__， for a receiver, it can be life­changing. As a saying goes, “Ten men banded (聚集) together in love can do what ten thousand separately would fail in.” If each of us does one kind thing at a time, the strength __10__ (build) up will be surprising. 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________5．________　 6.________　7.________　8.________9．________　10.________ 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过讲述作者将自己的飞机餐送给一个无家可归之人的善举，旨在告诉我们积少成多的善意会产生惊人的力量。 篇章导读 课后课时作业（四） 178 1．答案： were offered 解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。主语The passengers 是复数形式，和谓语offer之间构成被动关系，再根据the other day可知，句子用一般过去时。故填were offered。 答案 解析 2．答案： felt 解析：考查动词的时态。全文在叙述过去的事情，所以句子用一般过去时。故填felt。 课后课时作业（四） 179 3．答案： whom 解析：考查定语从句的引导词。此处是介词＋关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句，解释说明先行词person，指人。故填whom。 答案 解析 4．答案： his 解析：考查代词。设空后dog是名词，应用形容词性物主代词修饰。故填his。 课后课时作业（四） 180 5．答案： the 解析：考查冠词。此处表示特指，指代上文提到的sandwich。故填the。 答案 解析 6．答案： with 解析：考查介词。share sth with sb意为“与某人分享某物”，为固定搭配。故填with。 课后课时作业（四） 181 7．答案： Seeing 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处句子主语I和see之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语，且位于句首，单词首字母应大写。故填Seeing。 答案 解析 8．答案： excitedly 解析：考查词性转换。应用副词修饰动词thanked。故填excitedly。 课后课时作业（四） 182 9．答案： However 解析：考查副词。上文提到友善是一个简单的举动，下文提到对于接受者而言是改变人生的。上下文为转折关系，且句首单词首字母应大写。故填However。 答案 解析 10．答案： built 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处是过去分词作后置定语。故填built。 课后课时作业（四） 183 Ⅳ　读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Eric was working in a selling business. He had been on the road visiting people for more than a month without going home. He couldn’t wait to get back to see his wife and children. It was coming up on Mother’s Day, and he usually tried to make it “back home”， but this year he was just too busy and too tired. The day when he was driving in a small town, he saw a flower shop. He said to himself, “I know what I will do, I‘ll send my mother some roses.” 课后课时作业（四） 184 He stopped and went into the flower shop and saw a young man talking to the girl in it “How many roses can I get for fifty dollars, Ms？” the boy asked. The girl was trying to explain that roses were expensive. Maybe the young man would be happy with something else. “No. I have to have roses，” he said, “my mom was badly sick last year and I didn't get to spend much time with her. I want to get something special. It has to be red roses, because that is her favorite.” He was stubborn. The girl in the shop looked up at Eric and was just shaking her head. Something inside of Eric was touched by the boy's voice. He wanted to get those roses so badly. Eric had been blessed (幸运的) in his business, and he looked at the girl and silently said that he would pay for the boy's roses. 课后课时作业（四） 185 The girl looked at the young man and said, “OK, I will give you a dozen red roses for your dollars.” The young man almost jumped into the air. He took the flowers and ran down the store. It was worth more than fifty dollars just to see that kind of excitement. Eric ordered his own flowers and asked the girl to have it delivered to his mother. After that, with a relief he drove down the road. Not long after his driving, he saw the boy walking to a graveyard (墓地)． 注意： 1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 课后课时作业（四） 186 Eric stopped his car and followed the young man. ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍ Eric went into the car in tears. ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍ 课后课时作业（四） 187 写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了母亲节即将到来，Eric (艾瑞克)开车到一个小镇上看到一家花店，他走进去看见一个男孩因为钱不够而无法为母亲买玫瑰花，于是Eric告诉店员他会付钱。男孩如愿买到了母亲最喜欢的花。不久后，他看到男孩走向墓园。Eric跟随男孩，他看到了什么？他回到车里后的感受是什么呢？ 写前导读 课后课时作业（四） 188 [精彩范文] Eric stopped his car and followed the young man. The young man went up to a small monument, and knelt down. He carefully put the flowers before it and began to sob. “Dear mom, I love you. But how I regret I didn't tell it when you were with me. I knew you loved roses, but why didn't I send the flowers to you when I could still see you and talk with you? Now, you have gone to another world. How I regret I didn't tell you I love you so much！” 答案 课后课时作业（四） 189 Eric went into the car in tears. His mother's home wasn't far from here, but he hadn't seen her for too long a time. He didn't have a talk with her for too long a time and say how much he loved her for so long a time. He turned the car and drove towards the road quickly to the flower shop. He asked the girl to give back the flowers because he wanted to send them personally to his mom. 答案 课后课时作业（四） 190 R $$