专题06 阅读理解【题型解析】-2024-2025学年八年级英语上学期期中考点大串讲(鲁教版五四制)

2024-2025学年八年级上学期期中考点大串讲（鲁教版五四制） 专题06 题型解析2：阅读理解 题型攻略 1. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 【技巧攻略】 1.预览文章 ‌略读文章：首先快速浏览文章，大致了解主题和结构。注意每段的标题、副标题以及第一句和最后一句。 ‌识别关键词：标记或下划线任何可能对理解文章很重要的不熟悉的单词或短语。 2.阅读问题 ‌理解任务：在进入文章之前，先阅读问题。这将使你在阅读时有一个更清晰的目的，并帮助你专注于相关信息。 ‌确定问题的类型：记下问题的类型（例如，事实、推理、基于词汇），以准备你的方法。 3.积极阅读 ‌与文本互动：积极阅读文章，寻找你预览过的问题的答案。注意细节、联系以及作者的语气和观点。 ‌记笔记：用笔标记重要细节，如日期、姓名、地点和主要想法。这将使回答问题时更容易参考文本。 4.战略性地回答问题 ‌直接从文本中获取答案：对于事实性问题，直接在文本中寻找答案。使用笔记快速查找相关信息。 ‌推理问题的理解：对于需要推理的问题，使用文本中的线索得出逻辑结论。考虑作者的语气、背景和目的。 ‌基于词汇的问题理解：如果你遇到基于词汇的提问，试着从上下文中推断出单词的含义，或者利用你对词根和前缀/后缀的了解。 5.使用排除法 ‌划掉不正确的选项：对于多项选择题，根据文章中的信息，删除任何明显不正确的选择。 ‌比较其余选项：仔细比较其余选项，重点关注意义或强调的细微差异。 6.检查你的答案 ‌重读相关部分：如果你不确定答案，请回过头来重读文章的相关部分，以确认你的理解。 ‌反思你的推理：想想你是如何得出答案的，以及你的推理是否合理。 7.定期练习 ‌让自己接触不同的文本：阅读各种文本，包括小说、非小说、新闻文章和学术论文，以拓宽你对不同风格和主题的接触。 ‌设定一个计时器：练习计时阅读理解练习，以提高你在压力下的速度和准确性。 ‌分析你的错误：完成练习文章后，复习你的答案并分析你犯的任何错误。了解你为什么错了一个问题，以及如何避免将来犯同样的错误。 【考题示例】 （24-25八年级上·山东济南·开学考试）Our family had an unusual vacation last summer. We went to the Yellow Stone National Park. Our son, Tom, wanted to see bears there. You never know what happened. When we got there, we put up our tent and went to explore (探险). As we returned, we heard our daughter Susie cry out. And then we saw a bear go into our camp. Tom wanted his father to chase (追赶) him away. His father said, “No. It’s dangerous to chase a bear. And don’t let him chase you.” Susie said, “What shall we do? Maybe we should climb a tree.” Tom said, “No. We have to get him out of there. He might go to sleep in our tent.” “Maybe we could make him leave if we put some honey outside for him to eat,” Susie suggested. Then I said, “How are you going to get the honey? It’s in the tent.” We watched the bear go into the tent and heard him upset (翻倒;弄翻) everything inside. “It’s foolish of us to try to chase him away,” said my husband. “Leave him alone and wait for him to come out.” We waited, but the bear stayed inside. We had to sleep in the car that night. 1．Where did the family go on vacation last summer? A．They went to the Central Park. B．They went to the Yellow Stone National Park. C．They went to a zoo. D．They just stayed at home. 2．Tom wanted to go to the Yellow Stone National Park to see________ . A．tigers B．wolves C．bears D．birds 3．Who do you think saw the bear first? A．Susie. B．Tom. C．The writer. D．The writer’s husband. 4．What did they do when they saw a bear go into their tent? A．They chased the bear away. B．They stayed outside the tent and did nothing. C．They climbed up a tree. D．They put some honey outside for the bear to eat. 5．What’s the best title for this text? A．The Bear B．An Unusual Vacation C．Yellow Stone National Park D．Sleep with the Bear 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．B 【解析】本文主要讲述了作者一家在黄石国家公园度假的过程中，遇到了一只熊进入他们的营地和帐篷的经历。 1．细节理解题。根据“Our family had an unusual vacation last summer. We went to the Yellow Stone National Park.”可知，去年夏天作者全家去了黄石国家公园度假，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Our son, Tom, wanted to see bears there.”可知，汤姆想去看熊，故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“As we returned, we heard our daughter Susie cry out. And then we saw a bear go into our camp.”可知，苏茜首先看到了熊，故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“We waited, but the bear stayed inside. We had to sleep in the car that night.”可知，他们看到熊进了帐篷时，只是待在帐篷外面，故选B。 5．标题归纳题。根据“Our family had an unusual vacation last summer.”以及整篇文章的描述可知，本文讲述了一个作者一家度假时遇到熊的不寻常经历，B项“一次不寻常的假期”符合语境，故选B。 能力提升 1 （23-24八年级上·山东菏泽·阶段练习）Mr. King lives in a city. He owns some shops and makes a lot of money. His son, Mike, studies at a middle school. The boy likes everything but studying. He doesn’t listen to his teachers in class and he never finishes his homework on time. He always plays football when he has any free time. He can never pass the exams. Mr. King is so busy with his business that he has little time to stay at home. He never pays any attention (关心) to his son’s studies, so he doesn’t know how he is doing. One day Miss Read, Mike’s teacher, telephones Mr. King. On the telephone she tells him all about the boy’s studies. She wants him to try to help his son at home. When the man hears this, he doesn’t feel very happy. In the afternoon when his son comes back from school, Mr. King gives him a good telling­off (责备), but soon feels sorry for it when he sees Mike crying in the bedroom. The next morning, before Mike goes to school, he says to him, “Study hard and I’ll buy you a car when you pass the exam next year.” Another term is over. Mike doesn’t pass the exam once more. Mr. King has a look at the school report for a few minutes and then he asks his son, “You don’t pass the exam again, Mike. What did you do this term” “I learned how to drive a car, dad,” answers the boy. 1．Mr. King is ________. A．a football player B．a teacher C．a businessman (商人) 2．Mike can never pass the exams because ________. A．his father has a lot of money B．he doesn’t like studying C．his teachers are not very good 3．Miss Read rings Mr. King ________. A．to tell him to take his son out of school B．to buy things from his shop C．to tell him about Mike’s studies 4．In the sentence “..., but soon feels sorry for it when he sees Mike crying in the bedroom.”, the word “it” refers to (指) ________. A．Mike’s exam mark (分数) B．telling his son off C．something that Miss Read tells Mr King 5．Which of the following is WRONG? A．Mike doesn’t pass the exam at the end of the term. B．Mike’s father buys him a car. C．Mike doesn’t do well in his lessons for another term. 2 （23-24八年级上·山东滨州·期末）The Shenzhou XVI spacecraft successfully reached space on May 30, 2023. This is the first time a Chinese civilian (平民) has traveled to space, according to China Daily. There are three astronauts on the spacecraft: mission commander (任务指令长) Jing Haipeng, spaceflight (航天飞行) engineer Zhu Yangzhu and science payload specialist (载荷专家) Gui Haichao. This is the fourth time Jing has visited space, making him the most experienced (经验丰富的) astronaut in China. Gui is the first Chinese civilian on a spaceflight. Both Zhu and Gui are China’s third-generation (第三代的) astronauts. They were picked from a group of researchers (研究员) and engineers in 2020. One woman and 17 men were picked. They are in three groups. Spacecraft pilots and spaceflight engineers are responsible for flying and fixing (负责驾驶和修理) the spacecraft. Science payload specialists, such as Gui, are responsible for doing research in space. The three astronauts will stay inside the Tiangong space station for around five months. They will do spacewalks, give help when other spacecraft visit the Tiangong space station and finish many science missions in space. 6．How is Gui different from the other two astronauts? A．He is the third-generation astronaut. B．He is a civilian astronaut. C．He is a spaceflight engineer. D．He can fix the spacecraft. 7．What do we know about Jing? A．He is one of China’s third-generation astronauts. B．He has visited space more than four times. C．He knows a lot about science payload. D．He has richer experience in space than the other two. 8．The astronauts may come back to Earth in ________. A．September B．August C．November D．December 9．What can we learn from the passage? A．China’s third-generation astronauts are made up of 17 people. B．Gui is mainly responsible for flying the spacecraft. C．The three astronauts were picked for the Shenzhou XVI spaceflight mission 2 years ago. D．Zhu needs to fix the spacecraft when there’s a problem. 10．What’s the passage mainly about? A．Shenzhou XVI spacecraft has gone into space and will stay for months. B．A science payload specialist becomes the first civilian to go into space. C．A group of astronauts were picked for the Shenzhou XVI spaceflight mission. D．Three astronauts will do different jobs on the Shenzhou XVI spacecraft. 3 （23-24八年级上·山东聊城·期中）The manager of a large company wanted to take a trip overseas. One day, he walked into his office early in the morning to make some plans. When he started to call for a ticket for his trip, the night watchman came in, and said “Good morning” to the manager. Then the watchman told the manager that he had a dream that the plane of the trip crashed (坠毁) after taking off. The manager was surprised to hear this. He thought maybe something bad would happen. So at last he put off his trip. As things turned out, the night watchman’s dream was correct. That day the plane crashed just after leaving the ground. The manager gave the night watchman 5,000 dollars and a letter. He said, never sleep when you are working next time!” The night watchman went home and opened the letter. After taking a look, he turned pale and felt sad. There was only one sentence in the letter. And he knew that he lost his job. 11．The manager was going to trip ________. A．by air B．by water C．by train D．by bus 12．The manager decided to stop his trip because ________. A．the night watchman was kind and helpful B．he was excited at the night watchman’s words C．he was afraid something bad would happen to the plane D．it was clear that the plane would crash soon after taking off 13．The manager gave the night watchman 5,000 dollars ________. A．to be a prize for his hard work B．to make the watchman happy C．to ask the watchman to buy a ticket D．to show his thanks for saving him 14．The underlined word “pale” means ________. A．害怕的 B．紧张的 C．苍白的 D．惊讶的 15．The sentence in the letter would probably be “________.” A．You have done a good job B．Thanks a lot for your dream C．I don’t want to use a man who saved me D．I don’t like a man who has strange dreams when he is working 4 （24-25八年级上·山东临沂·期中） Students’ Night at Catch-up Every Wednesday & Thursday Show your student card to enjoy a special price of $80 for everything on the menu!! (full price: $120) For a table of six or more, we serve each a special drink! Catch up with your friend at Catch-up. We open every day 5:00 pm~11:30 pm. 16．“Catch-up” is ________. A．a music festival B．a restaurant C．a library 17．When can we go to Catch-up? A．5:00 am. B．11:30 am. C．10:00 pm. 18．Which of the following is TRUE according to the ad? A．Everyone can save forty dollars with his student card at Students’ Night. B．Catch-up stays open for over 10 hours every day. C．There are only six tables so you have to get there early. 5 （23-24八年级上·山东日照·期末）I don’t like bullies (恃强凌弱者) . Bullies are people who keep saying things or doing things that hurt you. Bullies make you feel scared. They hurt you or embarrass (使尴尬) you. Sometimes they take things from you. Sometimes they break your things. I don’t know why people become bullies. Maybe they think that bullying makes them look strong. Maybe they think bullying makes them popular. I think some bullies might be jealous of (嫉妒) the people they bully. Or, maybe they just feel bad about themselves and want other people to feel bad too. Whatever the reasons, bullying is wrong. Everyone needs to work together to let bullies know that we won’t allow (允许) bullying in our school. We won’t ignore (忽视) bullying. If we ignore bullying, then the bullies get away with it. If we let bullies continue hurting others, then we are just as bad as them. We all need to let bullies know that they have to stop. We need to tell them we don’t like it. We must help people who are being bullied. Let’s say “No” to bullying. Our school is a NO BULLYING school! 19．What does the underlined word “scared” probably mean? A．Sick. B．Afraid. C．Excited. D．Different. 20．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A．How some students bully others. B．Why some students become bullies. C．Where bullying often happens. D．What students are often bullied. 21．What is the writer trying to do in Paragraph 3? A．Describe bullying in the school. B．Explain the danger of bullying. C．Call on people to stop bullying. D．Advise people to ignore bullying. 22．Which of the following is TRUE about the bullies? A．They may hurt people in different ways. B．They all feel bad about themselves. C．They don’t know bullying is wrong. D．They are often popular at school. 23．For whom is the text mainly written? A．Bullies. B．Parents. C．Students. D．Workers in government. 6 （22-23八年级上·山东威海·期末）研读图表，根据所提供的信息，从每小题A、B、C选项中选择最佳答案。请将答案编号涂卡。 单词提示: investment 投资；basic research 基础研究；applied research 应用研究；enterprise 企业；institution 机构； industry 工业；manufacturing 制造业；region地区 24．Compared with 2019, R&D investment increased (增长) by ________ trillion yuan in 2020. A．0.19 B．0.23 C．0.21 25．Most of the spending was put into ________. A．experimental development B．applied research C．basic research 26．Spending by ________ increased the least year-on-year. A．enterprises B．governmental research institutions C．universities and colleges 27．Which of these provinces spent the most on R&D? A．Hubei. B．Jiangsu. C．Shandong. 28．The trend (走向) in State science and tech spending can be described as “________”. A．increasing continuously from 2016 to 2020 B．dropping continuously for several years C．rising in a row till 2019 then dropping little in 2020 7 （23-24八年级上·山东泰安·期中）Parents don’t try very hard to make their children helpful. Actually, children aged between 2 and 18 want to help their family. They want to do the dishes or help their parents carry things into the house. You can find a lot of such children. However, parents often refuse their children’s help with the housework because they think children are not able to do the job well or will create more work for them. Studies have found that how parents respond (作出反应) to young children who show interest in helping with the housework is very important. When young children try to help their parents, they start off with a wish to work together with their family—to cooperate (合作) and work as a team. If parents ask their children to go to play or watch TV, children miss out on chances to learn how to work together with their parents. But in families with helpful children, parents would like them to do housework, although the children will make a bit of a mess or slow down the work. Parents can ask their children to do tasks that are suitable (合适的) for their skill levels. For example, if you are cooking and the spoon is just out of reach, you can ask your kid to hand you the spoon. These are quick, easy, small tasks that children can do. But they are real tasks. The small, easy tasks, given early on, taught the children how to be helpful. 29．According to Paragraph 1, many children are ________ to do some housework. A．angry B．excited C．nervous D．happy 30．What can parents do if they want their children to be helpful? A．Accept children’s help actively. B．Have a good talk with children. C．Pay no attention to children’s help. D．Teach children how to do a job well. 31．Why should parents give children small tasks at first? A．To protect them from being hurt. B．To match their abilities with the tasks. C．To help them find their favorite task. D．To teach them to take care of themselves. 32．What is the writer’s purpose in writing the passage? A．To tell us the importance of housework. B．To give advice on making children helpful. C．To introduce different ways to encourage children. D．To show parents how to communicate with their children. 8 （23-24八年级上·山东泰安·期中）I don’t know how I did it. While the airplane was climbing, I was asking myself a lot of questions. For example, what would my parents think of me if the parachute (降落伞) didn’t work? The master jumper looked at me and said, “Don’t worry.We’ll be with you.” Then, I looked at my altimeter. We were at 10, 000 feet. I looked at the door, and the light had turned green. “Are you ready?” the master jumper asked me. “Yes, I am.” I answered him. We walked to the door. There were two master jumpers who would jump with me. One was on my left, and the other was on my right. I followed all the steps, and then we jumped. I was flying! I looked at my master jumpers. They were with me, and they were smiling. I felt relaxed. I had to wait until I was at 6, 000 feet to pull the rope. Things were working without problems. There was no noise except the sound of the wind. I looked at my altimeter. It was at 6, 000 feet. And I pulled the rope with my right hand. I almost stopped in the air. The harness (背带) was holding me. I was at 4,000 feet. I could see the airport and the place where I had to land. I was going to land in four minutes. When I arrived on the ground, I thought I had done it. 33．The underlined word “altimeter” in Paragraph 2 means “________” in Chinese. A．血压计 B．温度计 C．高度计 D．气压计 34．The writer jumped down from the height of ________. A．4, 000 feet B．6, 000 feet C．8, 000 feet D．10, 000 feet 35．Who jumped down with the writer? A．Nobody. B．A master jumper. C．His friends. D．Two master jumpers. 36．What can we infer (推断) from the passage? A．The writer landed on the ground safely at last. B．Something wrong happened when the writer landed. C．The writer had jumped down from the plane for several times. D．The writer will never jump down again because it’s too dangerous. 9 （23-24八年级上·山东济宁·期中）To have a friend, you must learn to be one. You must learn to treat your friend the way you want your friend to treat you. Learning to be a good friend means learning three rules: be honest; be generous (慷慨的); be understanding. Honesty is where a good friend starts. Friends must be able to trust one another. If you do not tell the truth, people usually find out. If a friend finds out that you haven’t been honest, you may lose your friend’s trust. Being generous means sharing your ideas and feelings and it makes your friendship grow. By sharing, you help your friend know what is important to you. This can be important to friends. Everyone needs understanding and help when meeting with problems. Something may go wrong at school. Talking about the problem can make it easier to solve. Turning to a friend can be the first step in solving the problem. So a friend must listen and understand. You must try to put yourself in your friend’s place so you can understand the problem better. 37．What does the underlined word “one” in the first paragraph stand for? A．A doctor. B．A rule. C．A problem. D．A friend. 38．If you wish to keep your friends, you must keep ________ rules in mind. A．three B．four C．six D．seven 39．According to the passage, ________ can be the first step in solving the problem? A．turning to a teacher for help B．discussing the problem with a friend C．getting help from the Internet D．asking for advice from your parents 40．What’s the best title of the passage? A．Honesty is the Most Important Quality B．Friendship means understanding C．How to be a Friend D．A friend in Need is a Friend Indeed 10 （24-25八年级上·山东潍坊·开学考试）Goddess (女神) of Luck once visited the world. She heard lots of people complain (抱怨) that no lucky things happened to them. To solve the problem, Goddess of Luck put a big stone (石头) in the middle of the road. A student passed by. He thought he was too young and weak to carry the big stone. So he walked away. An old man came, but he thought it was a young man’s job to move the heavy stone away. He turned around and left. Then a businessman appeared. As soon as he started to get the stone away, he dropped it. He thought no one would pay him for doing that, and he was afraid that other people would laugh at (嘲笑) him for his silly action. So he went away without saying a word. So the stone stayed there for days. One late evening, a young man came by and saw it. He thought it was so dark that someone might fall because of it. He worked hard and finally moved the stone to the side of the road. To his surprise, he found a box under the stone. There were some words on the box. It said, “To the man who moved the stone.” Yeah, there were lots of gold in the box. When the student, the old man and the businessman heard it, they all cried. How sad they were! Just at that moment, Goddess of Luck told them, “All of you lost the chance to move the stone. That means you lost the chance to get my lucky gifts too.” 41．What does the underlined word “weak” mean? A．Not safe. B．Not strong. C．Very fat. D．Quite angry. 42．The old man didn’t want to move the stone because ________. A．he was too busy to do it B．he thought it wasn’t his job to do it C．he thought he couldn’t get money for doing that D．he was afraid that other people would laugh at him 43．What was the lucky gift under the stone? A．A box of gold. B．A box of books. C．A box of stones. D．A box of food. 44．What is the passage? A．A story. B．A poem. C．A report. D．A notice. 11 （24-25八年级上·山东东营·开学考试）It was about 1:00 in the morning. It was bright light in my neighbor’s kitchen. I thought he might be having midnight food so I went back to my bed. Soon, there was a burning smell and I realized there must be something wrong. I jumped out of bed at once and went to have a look. I saw fire coming out of his kitchen. I shouted, “Fire! Fire!” But nobody heard me. I ran quickly to my house and called the Fire Department (消防队) and went back to my neighbor’s house. I knocked at the door and called my neighbor’s name, but there was no answer. I tried to break into the house and saved a cat and a chicken. Then I poured water through the kitchen window but it was no use, because the fire was too big. Luckily, the firemen arrived and put out the fire in time. When my neighbor came back, he was sad because his kitchen was burnt down, but he thanked me for calling the Fire Department and saving his pets. A week later, my neighbor invited me to his home for dinner. In his new kitchen, he took a photo of me. Later on, he gave me the photo as a gift. It made me happy. 45．When the writer saw the light in his neighbor’s kitchen, he thought his neighbor was _________. A．cooking B．drinking water C．playing D．doing the dishes 46．What did the writer do first after he saw fire coming out of his neighbor’s kitchen? A．He shouted for help. B．He ran into his house quickly. C．He called the Fire Department. D．He knocked at his neighbor’s door. 47．The writer’s neighbor kept _________ as pets according to the text. A．a dog and a cat B．a cat and a bird C．a dog and a bird D．a cat and a chicken 48．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text？ A．The writer put out the fire at last. B．The neighbor was at home when the fire happened. C．The neighbor invited the writer to have dinner. D．The writer took a photo with his neighbor in his new kitchen. 49．We can know from the text that the writer is _________. A．outgoing B．famous C．helpful D．hardworking 12 （23-24八年级上·山东枣庄·期末）Hangzhou held the 19th Asian Games from September 23rd to October 8th, 2023. The Games are very “smart”, thanks to the use of many exciting technologies (技术). The place for the tennis finals is called the “Small Lotus”. On the top of the stadium, there are eight “petals (花瓣)”. Each petal weighs 160 tons. They can open and close freely. It takes 15 minutes for each petal to open and close. It is built this way for different kinds of weather. If the players are hurt during the games and need help. what will happen? Drones (无人机) can be used to send things over. They can fly to places 20 kilometers away and travel 16 meters in one second. Every dish at the Asian Games should be safe and healthy to eat. In the kitchen of the players’ village in Hangzhou, there is a special system that can tell people’s faces. If a “stranger” goes into the kitchen, an alarm will make a sound to let people know. Do you want to walk around at the stadiums but can’t make it in person? You can try the Hangzhou Asian Games’ metaverse (虚拟空间)! You can try it with an app on Alipay (支付宝). Inside, it’s like an online cartoon world. You can enjoy the charm (魅力) of the stadiums both from the outside and inside. It will be sad if you can’t find your way. AR is here to help. There’s a mini-program called the Hangzhou Asian Games AR service. You can simply turn on your phone’s camera, and it will see where you are and then show you the way. 50．How much do all the petals weigh? A．160 tons. B．640 tons. C．1280 tons. D．1600 tons. 51．The special system in the kitchen of the players’ village is used for _______. A．food safety (安全) B．cleaning the kitchen C．weighing (称) the food D．sending the food 52．Why are the 19th Asian Games “smart”? A．Because Hangzhou is a smart city. B．Because Small Lotus is very smart. C．Because you can try the metaverse with an app. D．Because of many exciting technologies. 13 （23-24八年级上·山东淄博·期中）Have your parents ever helped you with schoolwork? Do you think they offer you too much help? About 90% Chinese parents said that they helped their kids too much in school, according to (根据) a study of China Youth Daily. At the same time, 70% parents agreed that over parenting (过度照顾) could cause a loss (损失) of their children’s independence. Children, on the other hand, want to do things by themselves. “Doing things by ourselves gives us a strong feeling of success,” said Liu Jiawei, 13, from Shanghai. “One day we will leave our parents. So it’s better to develop skills and live independently as early as possible.” However, some students give proper reasons for asking help from parents. Zhou Qun, 13, said that his parents would sometimes help him by making PPT and doing some handmade works. “We have to compete with our classmates. And our parents and teachers both have high expectations (预期) for us, so we have too much pressure,” Zhou said. “If my parents don’t help me while other students get help from their parents, I’m afraid I will fall behind them.” 53．________ of the parents think they care for their children too much. A．Few B．A couple C．Most D．All 54．What is Liu Jiawei’s opinion? ________ A．He likes to depend on his parents. B．He wants to do things by himself. C．He doesn’t care about anything. D．He really needs his parents’ help. 55．What is True according to the passage? ________ A．All the parents want their children to depend on them. B．No children want to do things with the help of their parents. C．Some children like Zhou Qun would like to do things with parents. D．Students only have pressure from their parents, not teachers. 14 （23-24八年级上·山东济南·期中）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Tips for Kids to Do Their Homework Many people have strong ideas about how kids study. But the usual ways to do your homework may not be the best. 56 Move before you work If your parents tell you to do your homework as soon as you get off the bus after school, ask if you can run for 15 minutes first. When you move your body before doing homework, you can keep your brain active. 57 Listen to music When it’s time to do your homework, your parents might want you to do it quietly. But maybe you want to listen to your favorite songs. 58 They think music helps them ignore (忽略) other sounds around them. Some kids may get into the music so much that they forget about what they should do. It is up to you to decide. Have a rest Maybe your parents want you to sit down and do your homework until you finish it. But in fact, when you work on something for a long time, you may start thinking about other things. Then your mind surely isn’t on homework. A short rest can stop you from getting tired. So stand up and take a walk. 59 You are ready to finish it soon. The key is to find out what works for you when it’s time to study. Talk with your parents and come up with the best place, time, and way to do your homework. 60 A．Some kids study better with music. B．The tips are quite good for the teachers. C．Then come back to your homework. D．Here are some tips for you. E．Kids should have a rest while doing their housework. F．That way, you won’t have to be worried or stressed about it. G．You can do much better by exercising first. 15 （23-24八年级上·山东青岛·期末） The Dongxi Primary School is in the mountains in Hubei. 61 For the past 39 years, ZhuXiangbing, a village teacher, has helped over 200 students get out of the mountains. In 1984, Zhu graduated (毕业) from middle school. 62 One day, someone from the village came to ask if he would like to be a teacher at the village’s primary school. It was hard for him to decide—if he said yes, he would not be able to leave the village, but if he said no, the students there would be left with no teacher. After spending a night thinking about it, Zhu decided to be a teacher there. 63 Every week, he walked for an hour on the mountain road to learn from his middle school teachers, and he also taught himself in his free time. Zhu also often spent three to four hours walking on mountain roads to visit his students’ homes. He knew a lot about them. Xiaoyuan was one of Zhu’s students. Zhu “found” her in the street. 64 So she didn’t go to school until she was 9 years old. Zhu helped her go to school and apply for financial aid (申请经济援助). Like her, more than 30 other students from poor families received financial aid thanks to Zhu. “I have many chances to get out of the mountains. 65 I will stay here forever. ” Zhu said. A．But I just can’t leave. B．Her family was poor. C．Zhu worked hard to be a good teacher. D．His parents didn’t want him to work in the village. E．It is about a five-hour drive from the downtown (市中心). F．He was the only middle school student in the village at the time. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年八年级上学期期中考点大串讲（鲁教版五四制） 专题06 题型解析2：阅读理解 题型攻略 1. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 【技巧攻略】 1.预览文章 ‌略读文章：首先快速浏览文章，大致了解主题和结构。注意每段的标题、副标题以及第一句和最后一句。 ‌识别关键词：标记或下划线任何可能对理解文章很重要的不熟悉的单词或短语。 2.阅读问题 ‌理解任务：在进入文章之前，先阅读问题。这将使你在阅读时有一个更清晰的目的，并帮助你专注于相关信息。 ‌确定问题的类型：记下问题的类型（例如，事实、推理、基于词汇），以准备你的方法。 3.积极阅读 ‌与文本互动：积极阅读文章，寻找你预览过的问题的答案。注意细节、联系以及作者的语气和观点。 ‌记笔记：用笔标记重要细节，如日期、姓名、地点和主要想法。这将使回答问题时更容易参考文本。 4.战略性地回答问题 ‌直接从文本中获取答案：对于事实性问题，直接在文本中寻找答案。使用笔记快速查找相关信息。 ‌推理问题的理解：对于需要推理的问题，使用文本中的线索得出逻辑结论。考虑作者的语气、背景和目的。 ‌基于词汇的问题理解：如果你遇到基于词汇的提问，试着从上下文中推断出单词的含义，或者利用你对词根和前缀/后缀的了解。 5.使用排除法 ‌划掉不正确的选项：对于多项选择题，根据文章中的信息，删除任何明显不正确的选择。 ‌比较其余选项：仔细比较其余选项，重点关注意义或强调的细微差异。 6.检查你的答案 ‌重读相关部分：如果你不确定答案，请回过头来重读文章的相关部分，以确认你的理解。 ‌反思你的推理：想想你是如何得出答案的，以及你的推理是否合理。 7.定期练习 ‌让自己接触不同的文本：阅读各种文本，包括小说、非小说、新闻文章和学术论文，以拓宽你对不同风格和主题的接触。 ‌设定一个计时器：练习计时阅读理解练习，以提高你在压力下的速度和准确性。 ‌分析你的错误：完成练习文章后，复习你的答案并分析你犯的任何错误。了解你为什么错了一个问题，以及如何避免将来犯同样的错误。 【考题示例】 （24-25八年级上·山东济南·开学考试）Our family had an unusual vacation last summer. We went to the Yellow Stone National Park. Our son, Tom, wanted to see bears there. You never know what happened. When we got there, we put up our tent and went to explore (探险). As we returned, we heard our daughter Susie cry out. And then we saw a bear go into our camp. Tom wanted his father to chase (追赶) him away. His father said, “No. It’s dangerous to chase a bear. And don’t let him chase you.” Susie said, “What shall we do? Maybe we should climb a tree.” Tom said, “No. We have to get him out of there. He might go to sleep in our tent.” “Maybe we could make him leave if we put some honey outside for him to eat,” Susie suggested. Then I said, “How are you going to get the honey? It’s in the tent.” We watched the bear go into the tent and heard him upset (翻倒;弄翻) everything inside. “It’s foolish of us to try to chase him away,” said my husband. “Leave him alone and wait for him to come out.” We waited, but the bear stayed inside. We had to sleep in the car that night. 1．Where did the family go on vacation last summer? A．They went to the Central Park. B．They went to the Yellow Stone National Park. C．They went to a zoo. D．They just stayed at home. 2．Tom wanted to go to the Yellow Stone National Park to see________ . A．tigers B．wolves C．bears D．birds 3．Who do you think saw the bear first? A．Susie. B．Tom. C．The writer. D．The writer’s husband. 4．What did they do when they saw a bear go into their tent? A．They chased the bear away. B．They stayed outside the tent and did nothing. C．They climbed up a tree. D．They put some honey outside for the bear to eat. 5．What’s the best title for this text? A．The Bear B．An Unusual Vacation C．Yellow Stone National Park D．Sleep with the Bear 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．B 【解析】本文主要讲述了作者一家在黄石国家公园度假的过程中，遇到了一只熊进入他们的营地和帐篷的经历。 1．细节理解题。根据“Our family had an unusual vacation last summer. We went to the Yellow Stone National Park.”可知，去年夏天作者全家去了黄石国家公园度假，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Our son, Tom, wanted to see bears there.”可知，汤姆想去看熊，故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“As we returned, we heard our daughter Susie cry out. And then we saw a bear go into our camp.”可知，苏茜首先看到了熊，故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“We waited, but the bear stayed inside. We had to sleep in the car that night.”可知，他们看到熊进了帐篷时，只是待在帐篷外面，故选B。 5．标题归纳题。根据“Our family had an unusual vacation last summer.”以及整篇文章的描述可知，本文讲述了一个作者一家度假时遇到熊的不寻常经历，B项“一次不寻常的假期”符合语境，故选B。 能力提升 1 （23-24八年级上·山东菏泽·阶段练习）Mr. King lives in a city. He owns some shops and makes a lot of money. His son, Mike, studies at a middle school. The boy likes everything but studying. He doesn’t listen to his teachers in class and he never finishes his homework on time. He always plays football when he has any free time. He can never pass the exams. Mr. King is so busy with his business that he has little time to stay at home. He never pays any attention (关心) to his son’s studies, so he doesn’t know how he is doing. One day Miss Read, Mike’s teacher, telephones Mr. King. On the telephone she tells him all about the boy’s studies. She wants him to try to help his son at home. When the man hears this, he doesn’t feel very happy. In the afternoon when his son comes back from school, Mr. King gives him a good telling­off (责备), but soon feels sorry for it when he sees Mike crying in the bedroom. The next morning, before Mike goes to school, he says to him, “Study hard and I’ll buy you a car when you pass the exam next year.” Another term is over. Mike doesn’t pass the exam once more. Mr. King has a look at the school report for a few minutes and then he asks his son, “You don’t pass the exam again, Mike. What did you do this term” “I learned how to drive a car, dad,” answers the boy. 1．Mr. King is ________. A．a football player B．a teacher C．a businessman (商人) 2．Mike can never pass the exams because ________. A．his father has a lot of money B．he doesn’t like studying C．his teachers are not very good 3．Miss Read rings Mr. King ________. A．to tell him to take his son out of school B．to buy things from his shop C．to tell him about Mike’s studies 4．In the sentence “..., but soon feels sorry for it when he sees Mike crying in the bedroom.”, the word “it” refers to (指) ________. A．Mike’s exam mark (分数) B．telling his son off C．something that Miss Read tells Mr King 5．Which of the following is WRONG? A．Mike doesn’t pass the exam at the end of the term. B．Mike’s father buys him a car. C．Mike doesn’t do well in his lessons for another term. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．B 【解析】本文介绍了金先生是一名商人，没有时间关心儿子的学习，因此儿子的成绩一直不好。老师和他沟通后，他批评了儿子，并承诺如果下次考试及格，会给他买辆车，但是结果还是未通过考试。 1．细节理解题。根据“He owns some shops and makes a lot of money.”可知，他是一名商人。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“The boy likes everything but studying. He doesn’t listen to his teachers in class and he never finishes his homework on time. He always plays football when he has any free time. He can never pass the exams.”可知，他不喜欢学习，他上课不听老师的话，也从不按时完成作业，所以考试不及格。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“On the telephone she tells him all about the boy’s studies. She wants him to try to help his son at home”可知，在电话里，她告诉他关于男孩学习的一切，她想让他试着在家帮助儿子。故选C。 4．词义猜测题。根据“Mr. King gives him a good telling-off (责备), but soon feels sorry for it when he sees Mike crying in the bedroom”可知，金先生训斥了他，但很快当他看到迈克在卧室里哭时，他就感到很抱歉，故此处it指代“训斥儿子”。故选B。 5．推理判断题。根据“Study hard and I’ll buy you a car when you pass the exam next year”以及“Another term is over. Mike doesn’t pass the exam once more”可知，是承诺通过考试之后给他买一辆车，但是他又没有通过考试，所以是没有给他买车。故选B。 2 （23-24八年级上·山东滨州·期末）The Shenzhou XVI spacecraft successfully reached space on May 30, 2023. This is the first time a Chinese civilian (平民) has traveled to space, according to China Daily. There are three astronauts on the spacecraft: mission commander (任务指令长) Jing Haipeng, spaceflight (航天飞行) engineer Zhu Yangzhu and science payload specialist (载荷专家) Gui Haichao. This is the fourth time Jing has visited space, making him the most experienced (经验丰富的) astronaut in China. Gui is the first Chinese civilian on a spaceflight. Both Zhu and Gui are China’s third-generation (第三代的) astronauts. They were picked from a group of researchers (研究员) and engineers in 2020. One woman and 17 men were picked. They are in three groups. Spacecraft pilots and spaceflight engineers are responsible for flying and fixing (负责驾驶和修理) the spacecraft. Science payload specialists, such as Gui, are responsible for doing research in space. The three astronauts will stay inside the Tiangong space station for around five months. They will do spacewalks, give help when other spacecraft visit the Tiangong space station and finish many science missions in space. 6．How is Gui different from the other two astronauts? A．He is the third-generation astronaut. B．He is a civilian astronaut. C．He is a spaceflight engineer. D．He can fix the spacecraft. 7．What do we know about Jing? A．He is one of China’s third-generation astronauts. B．He has visited space more than four times. C．He knows a lot about science payload. D．He has richer experience in space than the other two. 8．The astronauts may come back to Earth in ________. A．September B．August C．November D．December 9．What can we learn from the passage? A．China’s third-generation astronauts are made up of 17 people. B．Gui is mainly responsible for flying the spacecraft. C．The three astronauts were picked for the Shenzhou XVI spaceflight mission 2 years ago. D．Zhu needs to fix the spacecraft when there’s a problem. 10．What’s the passage mainly about? A．Shenzhou XVI spacecraft has gone into space and will stay for months. B．A science payload specialist becomes the first civilian to go into space. C．A group of astronauts were picked for the Shenzhou XVI spaceflight mission. D．Three astronauts will do different jobs on the Shenzhou XVI spacecraft. 【答案】6．B 7．D 8．C 9．D 10．A 【解析】本文介绍了神舟十六号飞船成功升空，搭载了中国首位平民宇航员和其他两名宇航员，他们将在天宫空间站进行为期约五个月的太空任务，包括太空行走和科学实验。 6．细节理解题。根据“Gui is the first Chinese civilian on a spaceflight.”可知，桂海潮是第一个乘坐太空飞行的中国平民。故选B。 7．细节理解题。根据“This is the fourth time Jing has visited space, making him the most experienced (经验丰富的) astronaut in China.”可知，景海鹏是中国最有经验的宇航员。故选D。 8．推理判断题。根据“The Shenzhou XVI spacecraft successfully reached space on May 30, 2023.”及“The three astronauts will stay inside the Tiangong space station for around five months.”可知，神舟十六号飞船于2023年5月30日成功升空，三名宇航员将在天宫空间站内停留大约五个月，因此可能会在十一月返回地球。故选C。 9．细节理解题。根据“spaceflight (航天飞行) engineer Zhu Yangzhu”及“Spacecraft pilots and spaceflight engineers are responsible for flying and fixing (负责驾驶和修理) the spacecraft.”可知，朱杨柱是一名航天工程师，负责修理航天器。故选D。 10．主旨大意题。根据“The Shenzhou XVI spacecraft successfully reached space on May 30, 2023.”及“The three astronauts will stay inside the Tiangong space station for around five months.”可知，本文介绍了神舟十六号飞船成功升空，搭载了中国首位平民宇航员和其他两名宇航员，他们将在天宫空间站进行为期约五个月的太空任务。故选A。 3 （23-24八年级上·山东聊城·期中）The manager of a large company wanted to take a trip overseas. One day, he walked into his office early in the morning to make some plans. When he started to call for a ticket for his trip, the night watchman came in, and said “Good morning” to the manager. Then the watchman told the manager that he had a dream that the plane of the trip crashed (坠毁) after taking off. The manager was surprised to hear this. He thought maybe something bad would happen. So at last he put off his trip. As things turned out, the night watchman’s dream was correct. That day the plane crashed just after leaving the ground. The manager gave the night watchman 5,000 dollars and a letter. He said, never sleep when you are working next time!” The night watchman went home and opened the letter. After taking a look, he turned pale and felt sad. There was only one sentence in the letter. And he knew that he lost his job. 11．The manager was going to trip ________. A．by air B．by water C．by train D．by bus 12．The manager decided to stop his trip because ________. A．the night watchman was kind and helpful B．he was excited at the night watchman’s words C．he was afraid something bad would happen to the plane D．it was clear that the plane would crash soon after taking off 13．The manager gave the night watchman 5,000 dollars ________. A．to be a prize for his hard work B．to make the watchman happy C．to ask the watchman to buy a ticket D．to show his thanks for saving him 14．The underlined word “pale” means ________. A．害怕的 B．紧张的 C．苍白的 D．惊讶的 15．The sentence in the letter would probably be “________.” A．You have done a good job B．Thanks a lot for your dream C．I don’t want to use a man who saved me D．I don’t like a man who has strange dreams when he is working 【答案】11．A 12．C 13．D 14．C 15．D 【解析】本文主要介绍了保安做了一个梦，救了经理一命，但是被解雇的故事。 11．细节理解题。根据第一段“he had a dream that the plane of the trip crashed (坠毁) after taking off...So at last he put off his trip.”可知，经理打算坐飞机去旅行。故选A。 12．细节理解题。根据第一段“He thought maybe something bad would happen. So at last he put off his trip.”可知，他担心飞机会出事，所以不去旅行了。故选C。 13．推理判断题。根据第二段“The manager gave the night watchman 5,000 dollars and a letter.”和第一段内容可知，他的梦救了经理的命，由此推知经理给他5000美元表示感谢。故选D。 14．词义猜测题。根据“After taking a look, he turned pale and felt sad.”和最后一段“There was only one sentence in the letter. And he knew that he lost his job.”可知，保安知道自己丢了工作，感到很伤心，由此推断pale是“脸色苍白”的意思。故选C。 15．推理判断题。根据最后一段“And he knew that he lost his job.”可知，这句话让保安明白自己丢了工作，由此可知“我不喜欢一个工作时做奇怪梦的人”符合语境，表示保安因为不尽职被解雇。故选D。 4 （24-25八年级上·山东临沂·期中） Students’ Night at Catch-up Every Wednesday & Thursday Show your student card to enjoy a special price of $80 for everything on the menu!! (full price: $120) For a table of six or more, we serve each a special drink! Catch up with your friend at Catch-up. We open every day 5:00 pm~11:30 pm. 16．“Catch-up” is ________. A．a music festival B．a restaurant C．a library 17．When can we go to Catch-up? A．5:00 am. B．11:30 am. C．10:00 pm. 18．Which of the following is TRUE according to the ad? A．Everyone can save forty dollars with his student card at Students’ Night. B．Catch-up stays open for over 10 hours every day. C．There are only six tables so you have to get there early. 【答案】16．B 17．C 18．A 【解析】本文是一则广告，介绍了“Catch-up”餐厅的学生之夜活动。 16．推理判断题。根据“Show your student card to enjoy a special price of $80 for everything on the menu!!”以及“Catch up with your friend at Catch-up”可推断“Catch-up”是一家餐厅。故选B。 17．细节理解题。根据“We open every day 5:00 pm~11:30 pm.”可知，Catch-up在晚上10:00 pm是营业的。故选C。 18．细节理解题。根据“Show your student card to enjoy a special price of $80”和“full price: $120”可知，可在学生之夜，出示学生证可以节省40美元。故选A。 5 （23-24八年级上·山东日照·期末）I don’t like bullies (恃强凌弱者) . Bullies are people who keep saying things or doing things that hurt you. Bullies make you feel scared. They hurt you or embarrass (使尴尬) you. Sometimes they take things from you. Sometimes they break your things. I don’t know why people become bullies. Maybe they think that bullying makes them look strong. Maybe they think bullying makes them popular. I think some bullies might be jealous of (嫉妒) the people they bully. Or, maybe they just feel bad about themselves and want other people to feel bad too. Whatever the reasons, bullying is wrong. Everyone needs to work together to let bullies know that we won’t allow (允许) bullying in our school. We won’t ignore (忽视) bullying. If we ignore bullying, then the bullies get away with it. If we let bullies continue hurting others, then we are just as bad as them. We all need to let bullies know that they have to stop. We need to tell them we don’t like it. We must help people who are being bullied. Let’s say “No” to bullying. Our school is a NO BULLYING school! 19．What does the underlined word “scared” probably mean? A．Sick. B．Afraid. C．Excited. D．Different. 20．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A．How some students bully others. B．Why some students become bullies. C．Where bullying often happens. D．What students are often bullied. 21．What is the writer trying to do in Paragraph 3? A．Describe bullying in the school. B．Explain the danger of bullying. C．Call on people to stop bullying. D．Advise people to ignore bullying. 22．Which of the following is TRUE about the bullies? A．They may hurt people in different ways. B．They all feel bad about themselves. C．They don’t know bullying is wrong. D．They are often popular at school. 23．For whom is the text mainly written? A．Bullies. B．Parents. C．Students. D．Workers in government. 【答案】19．B 20．B 21．C 22．A 23．C 【解析】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是恃强凌弱者，人们成为恃强凌弱者的原因，以及呼吁大家反对欺凌。 19．词句猜测题。根据“Bullies make you feel scared. They hurt you or embarrass you”可知，恃强凌弱者会伤害你或让你难堪，故他们会让你感到害怕。划线单词应意为“害怕的”。故选B。 20．主旨大意题。通读第二段并根据“I don’t know why people become bullies. Maybe they think...”可知，本文主要猜测了人们成为恃强凌弱者的原因。故选B。 21．推理判断题。根据“We all need to let bullies know that they have to stop. We need to tell them we don’t like it. We must help people who are being bullied.”可知作者是在号召人们停止霸凌。故选C。 22．细节理解题。根据“Bullies make you feel scared . They hurt you or embarrass you. Sometimes they take things from you. Sometimes they break your things.”可知霸凌会在很多方面伤害人。故选A。 23．推理判断题。根据“Our school is a NO BULLYING school!”可知作者是以学生的身份写的，为了写给学生看。故选C。 6 （22-23八年级上·山东威海·期末）研读图表，根据所提供的信息，从每小题A、B、C选项中选择最佳答案。请将答案编号涂卡。 单词提示: investment 投资；basic research 基础研究；applied research 应用研究；enterprise 企业；institution 机构； industry 工业；manufacturing 制造业；region地区 24．Compared with 2019, R&D investment increased (增长) by ________ trillion yuan in 2020. A．0.19 B．0.23 C．0.21 25．Most of the spending was put into ________. A．experimental development B．applied research C．basic research 26．Spending by ________ increased the least year-on-year. A．enterprises B．governmental research institutions C．universities and colleges 27．Which of these provinces spent the most on R&D? A．Hubei. B．Jiangsu. C．Shandong. 28．The trend (走向) in State science and tech spending can be described as “________”. A．increasing continuously from 2016 to 2020 B．dropping continuously for several years C．rising in a row till 2019 then dropping little in 2020 【答案】24．B 25．A 26．C 27．B 28．C 【解析】本文主要通过图表反映了近几年，中国在研究和开发方面的投入保持稳定增长。 24．推理判断题。根据R&D investment柱状图中的2019“2.21”和2020“2.44”可知，与2019年相比，2020年R&D投资增加了2.44-2.21=0.23万亿元。故选B。 25．细节理解题。根据Activity type饼状图中“Basic research：146.7 billion yuan；Applied research：275.72 billion yuan；Experimental development：2.02 trillion yuan”可知，实验开发投入的最多。故选A。 26．细节理解题。对比Who’s spending in 2020?的所有图表，可知Universities and colleges中“up 4.8% year-on-year”同比增长4.8%。可知大学和学院的支出同比增长最少。故选C。 27．细节理解题。根据Topic 8 regions for R&D spending中的图表，可知广东排名第一，江苏排名第二。结合选项中的省份可知，江苏在研发方面花费最多。故选B。 28．细节理解题。根据最后一个柱状图，可知国家科技支出的趋势在2019年之前是上升，然后2020年下降了一点。故选C。 7 （23-24八年级上·山东泰安·期中）Parents don’t try very hard to make their children helpful. Actually, children aged between 2 and 18 want to help their family. They want to do the dishes or help their parents carry things into the house. You can find a lot of such children. However, parents often refuse their children’s help with the housework because they think children are not able to do the job well or will create more work for them. Studies have found that how parents respond (作出反应) to young children who show interest in helping with the housework is very important. When young children try to help their parents, they start off with a wish to work together with their family—to cooperate (合作) and work as a team. If parents ask their children to go to play or watch TV, children miss out on chances to learn how to work together with their parents. But in families with helpful children, parents would like them to do housework, although the children will make a bit of a mess or slow down the work. Parents can ask their children to do tasks that are suitable (合适的) for their skill levels. For example, if you are cooking and the spoon is just out of reach, you can ask your kid to hand you the spoon. These are quick, easy, small tasks that children can do. But they are real tasks. The small, easy tasks, given early on, taught the children how to be helpful. 29．According to Paragraph 1, many children are ________ to do some housework. A．angry B．excited C．nervous D．happy 30．What can parents do if they want their children to be helpful? A．Accept children’s help actively. B．Have a good talk with children. C．Pay no attention to children’s help. D．Teach children how to do a job well. 31．Why should parents give children small tasks at first? A．To protect them from being hurt. B．To match their abilities with the tasks. C．To help them find their favorite task. D．To teach them to take care of themselves. 32．What is the writer’s purpose in writing the passage? A．To tell us the importance of housework. B．To give advice on making children helpful. C．To introduce different ways to encourage children. D．To show parents how to communicate with their children. 【答案】29．D 30．A 31．B 32．B 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍父母教会孩子帮助做家务的重要性并给出让孩子乐于助人的建议。 29．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Actually, children aged between 2 and 18 want to help their family. They want to do the dishes or help their parents carry things into the house. ”可知，许多孩子想要帮着做家务。故选D。 30．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“But in families with helpful children, parents would like them to do housework, although the children will make a bit of a mess or slow down the work.”可知，如果父母希望他们的孩子乐于助人，他们应该积极接受孩子的帮助。故选A。 31．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Parents can ask their children to do tasks that are suitable (合适的) for their skill levels.”可知，父母首先要给孩子一些小任务的原因是为了使他们的能力与任务相匹配。故选B。 32．主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“But they are real tasks. The small, easy tasks, given early on, taught the children how to be helpful.”并通读全文可知，文章主要介绍父母教会孩子帮助做家务的重要性并给出让孩子乐于助人的建议，所以B项符合。故选B。 8 （23-24八年级上·山东泰安·期中）I don’t know how I did it. While the airplane was climbing, I was asking myself a lot of questions. For example, what would my parents think of me if the parachute (降落伞) didn’t work? The master jumper looked at me and said, “Don’t worry.We’ll be with you.” Then, I looked at my altimeter. We were at 10, 000 feet. I looked at the door, and the light had turned green. “Are you ready?” the master jumper asked me. “Yes, I am.” I answered him. We walked to the door. There were two master jumpers who would jump with me. One was on my left, and the other was on my right. I followed all the steps, and then we jumped. I was flying! I looked at my master jumpers. They were with me, and they were smiling. I felt relaxed. I had to wait until I was at 6, 000 feet to pull the rope. Things were working without problems. There was no noise except the sound of the wind. I looked at my altimeter. It was at 6, 000 feet. And I pulled the rope with my right hand. I almost stopped in the air. The harness (背带) was holding me. I was at 4,000 feet. I could see the airport and the place where I had to land. I was going to land in four minutes. When I arrived on the ground, I thought I had done it. 33．The underlined word “altimeter” in Paragraph 2 means “________” in Chinese. A．血压计 B．温度计 C．高度计 D．气压计 34．The writer jumped down from the height of ________. A．4, 000 feet B．6, 000 feet C．8, 000 feet D．10, 000 feet 35．Who jumped down with the writer? A．Nobody. B．A master jumper. C．His friends. D．Two master jumpers. 36．What can we infer (推断) from the passage? A．The writer landed on the ground safely at last. B．Something wrong happened when the writer landed. C．The writer had jumped down from the plane for several times. D．The writer will never jump down again because it’s too dangerous. 【答案】33．C 34．D 35．D 36．A 【解析】本文介绍了作者跳伞的经历。 33．词义猜测题。根据第二段提到“Then...we were at 10, 000 feet.”可知作者在10,000英尺高，由此推测altimeter是显示高度的仪器，故选C。 34．细节理解题。根据第二段提到“we were at 10, 000 feet. I looked at the door, and the light had turned green”可知，作者从10, 000英尺高空往下跳 ，故选D。 35．细节理解题。根据第五段“There were two master jumpers who would jump with me”.可知，两个跳伞教练和作者一起跳，故选D。 36．推理判断题。根据最后一段提到“When I arrived on the ground, I thought I had done it”可以推断作者最后完成了跳伞，故选A。 9 （23-24八年级上·山东济宁·期中）To have a friend, you must learn to be one. You must learn to treat your friend the way you want your friend to treat you. Learning to be a good friend means learning three rules: be honest; be generous (慷慨的); be understanding. Honesty is where a good friend starts. Friends must be able to trust one another. If you do not tell the truth, people usually find out. If a friend finds out that you haven’t been honest, you may lose your friend’s trust. Being generous means sharing your ideas and feelings and it makes your friendship grow. By sharing, you help your friend know what is important to you. This can be important to friends. Everyone needs understanding and help when meeting with problems. Something may go wrong at school. Talking about the problem can make it easier to solve. Turning to a friend can be the first step in solving the problem. So a friend must listen and understand. You must try to put yourself in your friend’s place so you can understand the problem better. 37．What does the underlined word “one” in the first paragraph stand for? A．A doctor. B．A rule. C．A problem. D．A friend. 38．If you wish to keep your friends, you must keep ________ rules in mind. A．three B．four C．six D．seven 39．According to the passage, ________ can be the first step in solving the problem? A．turning to a teacher for help B．discussing the problem with a friend C．getting help from the Internet D．asking for advice from your parents 40．What’s the best title of the passage? A．Honesty is the Most Important Quality B．Friendship means understanding C．How to be a Friend D．A friend in Need is a Friend Indeed 【答案】37．D 38．A 39．B 40．C 【解析】本文主要讲述了如何成为一个好朋友，提出了三个重要的原则：诚实、慷慨和理解。 37．推理判断题。根据第一段中“To have a friend, you must learn to be one. You must learn to treat your friend the way you want your friend to treat you.”可知，要有一个朋友，你必须学会成为一个朋友。由此可推测出，one指的是一个朋友。故选D。 38．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Learning to be a good friend means learning three rules: be honest; be generous (慷慨的); be understanding.”可知，如果你希望保持友谊，你必须遵守三条规则。故选A。 39．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Talking about the problem can make it easier to solve. Turning to a friend can be the first step in solving the problem.”可知，与朋友讨论这个问题可能是解决问题的第一步。故选B。 40．最佳标题题。根据通读全文，尤其是最后一段中“So a friend must listen and understand. You must try to put yourself in your friend’s place so you can understand the problem better.”可知，本文主要介绍了如何成为好朋友。故选C。 10 （24-25八年级上·山东潍坊·开学考试）Goddess (女神) of Luck once visited the world. She heard lots of people complain (抱怨) that no lucky things happened to them. To solve the problem, Goddess of Luck put a big stone (石头) in the middle of the road. A student passed by. He thought he was too young and weak to carry the big stone. So he walked away. An old man came, but he thought it was a young man’s job to move the heavy stone away. He turned around and left. Then a businessman appeared. As soon as he started to get the stone away, he dropped it. He thought no one would pay him for doing that, and he was afraid that other people would laugh at (嘲笑) him for his silly action. So he went away without saying a word. So the stone stayed there for days. One late evening, a young man came by and saw it. He thought it was so dark that someone might fall because of it. He worked hard and finally moved the stone to the side of the road. To his surprise, he found a box under the stone. There were some words on the box. It said, “To the man who moved the stone.” Yeah, there were lots of gold in the box. When the student, the old man and the businessman heard it, they all cried. How sad they were! Just at that moment, Goddess of Luck told them, “All of you lost the chance to move the stone. That means you lost the chance to get my lucky gifts too.” 41．What does the underlined word “weak” mean? A．Not safe. B．Not strong. C．Very fat. D．Quite angry. 42．The old man didn’t want to move the stone because ________. A．he was too busy to do it B．he thought it wasn’t his job to do it C．he thought he couldn’t get money for doing that D．he was afraid that other people would laugh at him 43．What was the lucky gift under the stone? A．A box of gold. B．A box of books. C．A box of stones. D．A box of food. 44．What is the passage? A．A story. B．A poem. C．A report. D．A notice. 【答案】41．B 42．B 43．A 44．A 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了幸运女神为人们提供获得一箱金子的机会，三人路过但是都错过了机会，唯有一位年轻人把握住机会，获得金子的故事。 41．词义猜测题。根据“too young”和”to carry the big stone.”可知，这个学生认为自己太年轻，不够强壮，搬不动石头。故选B。 42．细节理解题。根据“but he thought it was a young man’s job to move the heavy stone away”可知，老人认为把石头搬走是年轻人应该做的事情。故选B。 43．细节理解题。根据“Yeah, there were lots of gold in the box”可知，石头下的幸运礼物为一箱金子。故选A。 44．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文是一篇哲理故事。故选A。 11 （24-25八年级上·山东东营·开学考试）It was about 1:00 in the morning. It was bright light in my neighbor’s kitchen. I thought he might be having midnight food so I went back to my bed. Soon, there was a burning smell and I realized there must be something wrong. I jumped out of bed at once and went to have a look. I saw fire coming out of his kitchen. I shouted, “Fire! Fire!” But nobody heard me. I ran quickly to my house and called the Fire Department (消防队) and went back to my neighbor’s house. I knocked at the door and called my neighbor’s name, but there was no answer. I tried to break into the house and saved a cat and a chicken. Then I poured water through the kitchen window but it was no use, because the fire was too big. Luckily, the firemen arrived and put out the fire in time. When my neighbor came back, he was sad because his kitchen was burnt down, but he thanked me for calling the Fire Department and saving his pets. A week later, my neighbor invited me to his home for dinner. In his new kitchen, he took a photo of me. Later on, he gave me the photo as a gift. It made me happy. 45．When the writer saw the light in his neighbor’s kitchen, he thought his neighbor was _________. A．cooking B．drinking water C．playing D．doing the dishes 46．What did the writer do first after he saw fire coming out of his neighbor’s kitchen? A．He shouted for help. B．He ran into his house quickly. C．He called the Fire Department. D．He knocked at his neighbor’s door. 47．The writer’s neighbor kept _________ as pets according to the text. A．a dog and a cat B．a cat and a bird C．a dog and a bird D．a cat and a chicken 48．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text？ A．The writer put out the fire at last. B．The neighbor was at home when the fire happened. C．The neighbor invited the writer to have dinner. D．The writer took a photo with his neighbor in his new kitchen. 49．We can know from the text that the writer is _________. A．outgoing B．famous C．helpful D．hardworking 【答案】45．A 46．A 47．D 48．C 49．C 【解析】本文讲述了作者发现邻居厨房着火，给消防队打电话扑灭火灾的事情。 45．推理判断题。根据第一段“It was bright light in my neighbor’s kitchen. I thought he might be having midnight food so I went back to my bed.”可知，作者认为当时他的邻居正在做饭，故选A。 46．细节理解题。根据第一段“I saw fire coming out of his kitchen. I shouted, ‘Fire! Fire!’”可知，作者看到厨房着火后，呼喊求救。故选A。 47．推理判断题。根据第二段“I tried to break into the house and saved a cat and a chicken.”可知，邻居应该是养了一只猫和一只鸡作为宠物，故选D。 48．细节理解题。根据最后一段“A week later, my neighbor invited me to his home for dinner.”可知，邻居邀请作者去吃晚饭，故选C。 49．推理判断题。阅读全文并根据倒数第二段“but he thanked me for calling the Fire Department and saving his pets.”可知，作者是个乐于助人的人，故选C。 12 （23-24八年级上·山东枣庄·期末）Hangzhou held the 19th Asian Games from September 23rd to October 8th, 2023. The Games are very “smart”, thanks to the use of many exciting technologies (技术). The place for the tennis finals is called the “Small Lotus”. On the top of the stadium, there are eight “petals (花瓣)”. Each petal weighs 160 tons. They can open and close freely. It takes 15 minutes for each petal to open and close. It is built this way for different kinds of weather. If the players are hurt during the games and need help. what will happen? Drones (无人机) can be used to send things over. They can fly to places 20 kilometers away and travel 16 meters in one second. Every dish at the Asian Games should be safe and healthy to eat. In the kitchen of the players’ village in Hangzhou, there is a special system that can tell people’s faces. If a “stranger” goes into the kitchen, an alarm will make a sound to let people know. Do you want to walk around at the stadiums but can’t make it in person? You can try the Hangzhou Asian Games’ metaverse (虚拟空间)! You can try it with an app on Alipay (支付宝). Inside, it’s like an online cartoon world. You can enjoy the charm (魅力) of the stadiums both from the outside and inside. It will be sad if you can’t find your way. AR is here to help. There’s a mini-program called the Hangzhou Asian Games AR service. You can simply turn on your phone’s camera, and it will see where you are and then show you the way. 50．How much do all the petals weigh? A．160 tons. B．640 tons. C．1280 tons. D．1600 tons. 51．The special system in the kitchen of the players’ village is used for _______. A．food safety (安全) B．cleaning the kitchen C．weighing (称) the food D．sending the food 52．Why are the 19th Asian Games “smart”? A．Because Hangzhou is a smart city. B．Because Small Lotus is very smart. C．Because you can try the metaverse with an app. D．Because of many exciting technologies. 【答案】50．C 51．A 52．D 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章向我们展示了杭州亚运会的科技元素。 50．推理判断题。根据“On the top of the stadium, there are eight ‘petals’. Each petal weighs 160 tons.”可知场馆有8个花瓣，每个花瓣重160吨，所有花瓣重8×160=1280吨。故选C。 51．推理判断题。根据“Every dish at the Asian Games should be safe and healthy to eat. In the kitchen of the players’ village in Hangzhou, there is a special system that can tell people’s faces. If a “stranger” goes into the kitchen, an alarm will make a sound to let people know.”可知亚运会的每一道菜都是安全健康的。在杭州亚运村的厨房里安有辨别人脸的专门系统，如果有陌生人进入，警报就会响起，所以判断安有这样的警报装置是为了保证食物的安全性，故选A。 52．细节理解题。根据“The Games are very “smart”, thanks to the use of many exciting technologies.”可知由于使用了许多令人兴奋的技术，亚运会非常“智能”。故选D。 13 （23-24八年级上·山东淄博·期中）Have your parents ever helped you with schoolwork? Do you think they offer you too much help? About 90% Chinese parents said that they helped their kids too much in school, according to (根据) a study of China Youth Daily. At the same time, 70% parents agreed that over parenting (过度照顾) could cause a loss (损失) of their children’s independence. Children, on the other hand, want to do things by themselves. “Doing things by ourselves gives us a strong feeling of success,” said Liu Jiawei, 13, from Shanghai. “One day we will leave our parents. So it’s better to develop skills and live independently as early as possible.” However, some students give proper reasons for asking help from parents. Zhou Qun, 13, said that his parents would sometimes help him by making PPT and doing some handmade works. “We have to compete with our classmates. And our parents and teachers both have high expectations (预期) for us, so we have too much pressure,” Zhou said. “If my parents don’t help me while other students get help from their parents, I’m afraid I will fall behind them.” 53．________ of the parents think they care for their children too much. A．Few B．A couple C．Most D．All 54．What is Liu Jiawei’s opinion? ________ A．He likes to depend on his parents. B．He wants to do things by himself. C．He doesn’t care about anything. D．He really needs his parents’ help. 55．What is True according to the passage? ________ A．All the parents want their children to depend on them. B．No children want to do things with the help of their parents. C．Some children like Zhou Qun would like to do things with parents. D．Students only have pressure from their parents, not teachers. 【答案】53．C 54．B 55．C 【解析】本文讨论了中国父母在孩子学业上的帮助以及孩子们对独立的渴望。 53．细节理解题。根据“About 90% Chinese parents said that they helped their kids too much in school”可知，大多数家长认为他们对孩子的照顾过多。故选C。 54．细节理解题。根据“Doing things by ourselves gives us a strong feeling of success”以及“So it’s better to develop skills and live independently as early as possible”可知，刘嘉伟认为自己做事情能带来成就感，并且尽早培养技能和独立生活更好。故选B。 55．细节理解题。根据“However, some students give proper reasons for asking help from parents. Zhou Qun, 13, said that his parents would sometimes help him by making PPT and doing some handmade works”可知，有些孩子如周群愿意在父母的帮助下做事情。故选C。 14 （23-24八年级上·山东济南·期中）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Tips for Kids to Do Their Homework Many people have strong ideas about how kids study. But the usual ways to do your homework may not be the best. 56 Move before you work If your parents tell you to do your homework as soon as you get off the bus after school, ask if you can run for 15 minutes first. When you move your body before doing homework, you can keep your brain active. 57 Listen to music When it’s time to do your homework, your parents might want you to do it quietly. But maybe you want to listen to your favorite songs. 58 They think music helps them ignore (忽略) other sounds around them. Some kids may get into the music so much that they forget about what they should do. It is up to you to decide. Have a rest Maybe your parents want you to sit down and do your homework until you finish it. But in fact, when you work on something for a long time, you may start thinking about other things. Then your mind surely isn’t on homework. A short rest can stop you from getting tired. So stand up and take a walk. 59 You are ready to finish it soon. The key is to find out what works for you when it’s time to study. Talk with your parents and come up with the best place, time, and way to do your homework. 60 A．Some kids study better with music. B．The tips are quite good for the teachers. C．Then come back to your homework. D．Here are some tips for you. E．Kids should have a rest while doing their housework. F．That way, you won’t have to be worried or stressed about it. G．You can do much better by exercising first. 【答案】56．D 57．G 58．A 59．C 60．F 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要给孩子们提供了如何更好地完成作业的一些建议。 56．根据“Many people have strong ideas about how kids study. But the usual ways to do your homework may not be the best.”和“Move before you work…Listen to music…”可知，空处的内容应承上启下，且与做作业的建议相关。选项D“这里有一些建议。”符合语境。故选D。 57．根据“When you move your body before doing homework, you can keep your brain active.”可知，在做作业之前活动一下身体，可以让你的大脑保持活跃，空处的内容应进一步说明做作业之前活动下的好处。选项G“你可以通过先锻炼来做得更好。”符合语境。故选G。 58．根据“But maybe you want to listen to your favorite songs…They think music helps them ignore (忽略) other sounds around them.”可知，但也许你想听听你最喜欢的歌曲……他们认为音乐能帮助他们忽略周围的其他声音，空处的内容应与音乐相关。选项A“一些孩子通过听音乐学得更好。”符合语境。故选A。 59．根据“So stand up and take a walk…You are ready to finish it soon.”可知，所以站起来走一走……你准备好了很快就能完成它，空处的内容应承上启下，且与完成作业相关。选项C“然后回来做你的作业。”符合语境。故选C。 60．根据“Talk with your parents and come up with the best place, time, and way to do your homework.”可知，和你的父母讨论一下，找出做作业的最佳地点、时间和方式，空处的内容应进一步说明这样做的好处。选项F“这样，你就不必担心或感到压力。”符合语境。故选F。 15 （23-24八年级上·山东青岛·期末） The Dongxi Primary School is in the mountains in Hubei. 61 For the past 39 years, ZhuXiangbing, a village teacher, has helped over 200 students get out of the mountains. In 1984, Zhu graduated (毕业) from middle school. 62 One day, someone from the village came to ask if he would like to be a teacher at the village’s primary school. It was hard for him to decide—if he said yes, he would not be able to leave the village, but if he said no, the students there would be left with no teacher. After spending a night thinking about it, Zhu decided to be a teacher there. 63 Every week, he walked for an hour on the mountain road to learn from his middle school teachers, and he also taught himself in his free time. Zhu also often spent three to four hours walking on mountain roads to visit his students’ homes. He knew a lot about them. Xiaoyuan was one of Zhu’s students. Zhu “found” her in the street. 64 So she didn’t go to school until she was 9 years old. Zhu helped her go to school and apply for financial aid (申请经济援助). Like her, more than 30 other students from poor families received financial aid thanks to Zhu. “I have many chances to get out of the mountains. 65 I will stay here forever. ” Zhu said. A．But I just can’t leave. B．Her family was poor. C．Zhu worked hard to be a good teacher. D．His parents didn’t want him to work in the village. E．It is about a five-hour drive from the downtown (市中心). F．He was the only middle school student in the village at the time. 【答案】61．E 62．F 63．C 64．B 65．A 【解析】本文主要介绍了湖北省山区的东溪小学老师朱相兵的故事。 61．根据上文“The Dongxi Primary School is in the mountains in Hubei.”可知，东溪小学位于湖北山区，可推测此处与东溪小学的位置有关，E选项“从市中心开车大约需要五个小时。”符合语境。故选E。 62．根据“In 1984, Zhu graduated from middle school...One day, someone from the village came to ask if he would like to be a teacher at the village’s primary school.”可知，结合上下文，朱相兵初中毕业，有一天，村里有人来问他是否愿意在村里的小学当老师，可推测此处是他当老师的原因，F选项“当时他是村里唯一的中学生。”符合语境。故选F。 63．根据下文“Every week, he walked for an hour on the mountain road to learn from his middle school teachers, and he also taught himself in his free time.”可知，每周，他都会在山路上走一个小时，向中学老师学习，并在空闲时间自学，可推测此处是朱为当一名好老师而努力，C选项“朱努力成为一名好老师。”符合语境。故选C。 64．根据下文“So she didn’t go to school until she was 9 years old. Zhu helped her go to school and apply for financial aid.”可知，所以她直到9岁才上学，朱帮助她去学校并申请经济援助，可推测此处是介绍学生小袁不能上学的原因，且与家庭贫困有关，B选项“她的家庭很穷。”符合语境。故选B。 65．根据“I have many chances to get out of the mountains...I will stay here forever.”可知，结合上下文，朱表示自己有很多机会走出大山，但他也告诉我们自己会永远留在这里，可推测此处是朱表示自己会不离开的语句，A选项“但我就是不能离开。”符合语境。故选A。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$