Unit 4 课时作业(3)-【状元桥·优质课堂】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第二册（北师大版2019）

课时作业(三)UNIT4 答案精解P Period Three Lesson 2 & Lesson 3-Comprehending(限时:35分钟) I.阅读 PhD degrees from the Vilcek. Institute at New York 7 University(NYU). He is a research assistant professor in GRAND PRIZE WINNER. the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Florian Schmid Pharmacology at NYU, where he explores molecular Florian Schmidt received undergraduate degrees and cellular mechanisms by which cullin-RING ubiquitin from the University of Heidelberg and a PhD from ligases regulate cell cycle execution. ETH Zurich. His research focuses on the development of 1. Which column of a magazine is this text probably technologies in the fields of genome engineering. taken from? transcriptional recording, and gene therapy(疗法). A. News &. Business. CAIEGORY WINNER:FCOLOGY & ENVIRONMENI B. Law &. Order. Stefany Moreno-Gamez C. Science &. Future. Stefany Moreno-Gamez received an undergraduate D. Sports &. Entertainment. degree from Universidad de los Andes and a PhD 2. What is special about Stefany Moreno-Gamez? from the University of Groningen and ETH Zurich. She is currently a postdoctoral fellow at Cambridge A. She got a Wellcome Early Career Award fellowship University. Her research focuses on how dietary and B. She is the only female scientist among the four winners. host-derivedglycans(有机化学:聚糖)shape ecological C. She studied in the Vilcek Institute at New York and evolutionary dynamics(动力学) in the gut microbiome University as a student. (肠道微生物群). D. She focuses on the development of technologies CATEGORY WINNER CELL & MOLECULAR BIOLOG) related to gene therapy James Daly 3. Who works in the USA now according to the text? James Daly received an undergraduate and PhD A. Florian Schmidt. degrees from the University of Bristol. After completing B. Stefany Moreno-Gamez. his studies, he received a Wellcome Early Career Award C. James Daly. fellowship and moved to the Department of lnfectiou D. Daniele Simoneschi. Diseases, King's College London. His current research B continues to explore the molecular interface between It was a snowy day during the spring break when neuropilin receptors and viruses and the potential for antiviral inhibition of this process. I walked into a great restaurant. In this blizzard weather. CATEGORY WINNER:MOLECULAR MEDICINE it was the only restaurant that remained open. Daniele Simoneschi The restaurant has a long history in Hong Daniele Simoneschi received an undergraduate Kong, Its owners, the couple, Peter and Michelle degree from Manhattanville College and MPhil and have been running the restaurant since 2oo7. .107. “Things have changed a lot in the past 30 years." 5. Why is the restaurant different from other American Peter said. "Chinese students 20 years ago thought Chinese restaurants? that a 70-cent bowl of rice was too expensive, but A. Its customers are mainly Chinese. now a $ 20 meal is acceptable."He also said that the B. It adjusts the taste according to the customers. new generation of Chinese students engaged with C. Its menu merely contains Guangdong and other students, bringing all their non-Chinese friends to Sichuan food. visit the restaurant. D. It sticks to its original taste of the dishes Peter takes great pride in his own cooking. He 6. What can we know about Peter from the passage? was curious about how the food was made and why A. He believes that cooking just needs one particular foods or sauces had specific tastes. He person's effort. chose to serve mainly Guangdong and Sichuan food B. He takes pride in cooking the best typical Chinese cuisine. at the restaurant, featuring the family-style Chinese C. He shows an interest in preserving ancient dim sum or hot pot. Chinese art. When I asked whether he would modify the taste D. He doesn't care about the customers' complaints of the dishes to suit the taste of most Americans, Peter at all. said,“We are not like those American Chinese restaurants. 7. In which part of the newspaper can you read the We provide the genuine Chinese taste to our customers. passage? and they will love it because it is delicious, and their A. Geography. B.Art. taste will suit the taste of our dishes, not the othe C. Food. D. ILiterature. way around." II.完形填空 “If I hear complaints from my customers, I will Have you ever noticed that when two colleagues be so upset that I can't fall asleep at night," he said. prepare for similar presentations, the 1 of the "Luckily most of my favorite dishes received wide work is the same, but one works better? acclaim(赞扬) from my customers and it takes more Morten Hansen has such a 2 experience. than one person's effort." “When I was at a company in London, I worked He compares himself with the craftsmen in really hard and tried to 3 ,"he says.“And I did China who are proud of preserving ancient Chinese But I found my colleagues working more 4 than art and whose motivation is only on people's enjoyment I was, and they also performed slightly better. That of their work and thought. made me confused." Such a spirit of craftsmanship has been remarkable The 5 stayed with him and he 6 to find and greatly valued in the past. The craftsman's spirit the answers. He carried out a study, 7 more with perfection, precision, concentration, and patience than 5,ooo managers and employees over five years remains in Peter and his cooking to figure out how they worked, and what 8 it 4. How long have the couple been running the restaurant? had on their performance. A. 17 years. B. 20 years. After the data was analyzed, some surprising C. 30 years. D. 70 years. conclusions appeared. "We think that by doing more. .108. we will 9more,"he says."Actually, what 14. A. treat B. guarantee we've found is that top performers do the 10. C. buy D. manage They are very selective. They do less, and then they 15. A. appropriate B. humorous excel(突 出) in those few things and that's 11 C. anxious D. extreme they outperform the rest. It's almost a contrariant(相 III. 语法填空 反的) view on how you are 12 to work and perform." I didn't know how powerful a tool humor could Do less to perform better-that indeed has its be till the day I 1. (accidental) discovered it. 13 .But what if your boss doesn't 14 it and I remember I was 16 years old or so, and like most keeps piling(堆放)on the work?“Say'No'in a(n) 2. (teenager), I too was a difficult kid. 15 manner."Hansen suggests. My careless attitude would get on my mom's nerves. 1. A. function B. nature leading to huge fights. For me, it felt like she hated C. method D. process me and picked on every move 3. Imade. 2. A. personal B. regular It was on a regular day, in the middle of the C. professional D. valuable day's fight, when my mom shouted at the top of her 3. A. participate B. succeed voice as I had again forgotten to wipe the floor after C. relax D. cooperate my shower: And not 4. B. carefully my surprise. 4. A. positively she had slipped on it again. As she came to me C. efficiently D. firmly 5. (scream), I remember holding her 5. A. secret B. expectation face in my hands all of 6. sudden and C. doubt D. belief expressing as I teased her, “Oh, did you fall again? 6. A. determined B. hesitated C. offered Sorry!" to which she shouted, "Of course I did!" D. failed 7. A. recalling Looking at each other for a second we began B. instructing C. surveying D. employing laughing and that was the first time that our fight 8. A. impression (end) on a good note. It was on that B. judgement D. effect day that I realized how my harsh(尖刻的)words C. comment B. reserve 9. A. achieve were only adding fuel to the fire when all it needed C. spend D. satisfy was a little humor. 10. A. extra B. familiar Conflicts cannot be avoided 8. D. opposite C. complex talking about a relationship. Although it does spice B. how 11. A. where up relation, just like too much of anything is bad. C. what D. when too many conflicts do a lot of harm to a relationship. 12. A. advised B. reminded This is the time when humor can act as its role 。 D. supposed C. persuaded (ease) the situation and help share B. appeal 13. A. basis some lighter moments of fun. So 10. C. condition D. weakness (laugh) or humor is the best medicine. ·109·2.C包里是“礼物”：两个小笔记本，来自著名的英国博物学家 Ⅱ，完形填空 查尔斯·达尔文，他以《进化论》而闻名。be renowned for因… 主题语境：人与自我/做人与做事。本文为议论 而出名。 语篇 文，作者结合Morten Hansen的个人经历和调研发 3.D其中一个笔记本(notebook)上有一幅著名的画，叫做“生 导读 现：人们在少微一些事的情况下，精力更集中，效率更 命之树”。 高，会把事情做得更好， 4.A该大学在周二谈到了这起事件(incident),suspect嫌疑 犯：librarian图书管理员：proof证明. I.B根据上文的similar presentations可知，两人的工作性质 5.B剑桥大学认为这些笔记本是20年前被拿走(take)的。 (nature)相同，但其中一人完成得更好。 6.D在它们被拍照后，人们起初认为它们在大楼内失踪了(missing)。 2.A对此，Morten Hansen也有类似的个人(personal)经历。 7.C但是，在搜索了1000万册书籍、地图和文件后，该大学于 3.B Morten Hansen在伦敦的一家公可时，他努力工作并力图 2020年向警方报告了笔记本被盗(steal)。hide隐藏，remove 取得成功(succeed)。 移开：shi(使)移动，（使）转移。 .C Morten Hansen发现同事比他效率高(efficiently),工作 8.A英国调查人员通知了世界各地的警方，并开始搜查(seah)。 完成得也比他好。 research研究：conservation保护：trial审判，试验。 5.C这使得Morten Hansen很困惑，这个疑惑(doubt)一直困 9.C然而，它们被归还(return)时情况良好。 扰者他。 10.B这项研究促成(1 ead to)了他关于进化论的著作《物种起 6.A他下决心(determine)去找到解开自己困惑的答案。 源》。belong to属于：subscribe to订购：result in导致。 7.C Morten Hansen开展了一项研究，在五年多的时间里调查 11.D收到丢失了20年的达尔文的笔记本后，该大学的图书 了(survey)5000多名经理人和员工. 管理员非常欣慰(relieved)。frustrated懊悔的；embarrassed 8.D Morten Hansen想知道他们是如何工作的，以及他们的 尴尬的：anxious焦虑的。 工作方式对他们的工作表现有何影响(effect)。 12.B该图书馆也是科学家斯蒂芬·霍金和艾萨克·牛顿作 9,A我们原以为只要做得多，我们就能取得(achieve)更大的成就. 品的所在地。be home to为…的所在地 I0.D研究结果发现，恰恰相反(opposite),工作中表现最佳的 13.C这些笔记本将于今年晚些时候在图书馆的达尔文展上 人并没有兼顺很多事，他们做事是有选择的。 展出。on display展览。 11.B本句是一个表语从句，用连接副词how引导从句强调方 14.A当地警方表示，他们正在继续调查(look into)谁可能拿 式方法。这些在工作中表现好的人工作得少面精，这就是 走了这些笔记本，并向任何了解此案信息(information)的人 他们超过其他人的方法(how)。 寻求帮助。respond to对…做出回应：happen to碰巧： I2.D这个研究结果对于人们应该(be supposed to)如何工作， prepare for为…做准备。 如何表现来说，是一个相反的观点。 15.D参见上题解析 13.B事做得少一些以便更有效率，这个说法当然有其吸引力 课时作业（三） (appeal). 14.C但如果老板并不买账(buy),并不断地把工作推给你，该 I,阅读 怎么办？ A 15.A Morten Hansen建议，面对老板的发难，应该以恰当的 语篇 主题语境：人与社会/对社会有突出贡献的人。本 (appropriate)的方式拒绝. 导读文为应用文，介绍了几位笑项获得者和获得的奖项。 Ⅲ，语法填空 1.C推理判断题。通读全文可知，这些奖项都和科学有关，所 主题语境：人与自我/家庭生活。本文为议论文， 语篇 以这篇文章可能摘自杂志的科学与未来这一栏，故选C项。 主要讨论了曲默在解决家庭矛盾中的作用，作者通过 导读 2.B细节理解题。通读全文可知，他们四人中只有Stefany 讲述自身的经历来论证幽欧的重要性和作用。 Moreno-Gmez是女性，故选BJ项。 L.accidentally考查词性转换。句意：直到有一天我偶然发现 3.D细节理解题。根据CATEGORY WINNER:MOLECULAR 了幽默，我才知道它是一种多么强大的工具。此处作状语修 MEDICINE部分的介绍可知，Daniele Simoneschi现在在美国 饰动词discovered,应用副词accidentally'“偶然” 工作，故选D项 2.teenagers考查名词的数。句意：我记得我16岁左右，和大 & 多数青少年一样，我也是一个很难相处的孩子。【eenager是 主题语境：人与社会/历史，社会与文化。本文为 可数名词，空前有most,应用复数形式。 语篇 新阴报道，主要讲述了香港Peter和Michelle夫妇开的 3.that考查引导词。句意：对我来说，感觉她讨厌我，对我的 导读 餐馆，并赞扬了Ptcr坚持原汁原味地微好中国传统食 一举一动都吹毛求疵。此处是限制性定语从句，先行词为 品的工匠精种 move,指物，关系词在定语从句中作宾语，且先行词前有不定 4.A细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，自从2007年至今 代词every修饰，只能用关系代词hat引导， (2024年)已有17年之久，故选A项。 4.to考查介词。句意：不出我所料，她又滑倒了，to one's surprise 5.D细节理解题。根据第五段中Peter说的话可知，这家餐厅 令某人吃惊的是，为固定搭配。 坚持菜肴的原汁原味，故选D项。 5.screaming考查非谓语动词。句意：当她尖叫着向我走来 6.B推理判断题。根据第四段首句和倒数第二段可知，Peter 时，我记得我突然把她的脸捧在手里，一边逗她，一边说： 以做最好的经典的中国菜而自豪，故选B项。 “哦，你又摔倒了吗？对不起！”此处非谓语动词作状语，主语 7.C文章出处题。本文主要讲述了香港Peter和Michelle夫 she和动词scream之间为主谓关系，用现在分词形式。 妇开的餐馆，并赞扬了Peter坚持原汁原味地做好中国传统 6.a考查冠词。句意参见上题解析。all of a sudden突然，为 食品的工匠精神，由此可推知，它来自食品专栏，故选C项。 周定搭配。 *182· 7.endd考查时态。句意：我们彼此对视了一会儿，笑了起来， 8.D细节理解题。根据文章末句可知，与谷歌相比，ChatGPT 那是我们第一次以愉快的方式结束争吵。此处是从句谓语 局限性是基于有限的数据进行操作，故选D项。 动词，根据主句时态可知，从句时态为一般过去时 课时作业（五） 8.when考查引导词。句意：在谈论一段关系时，冲突是无法 避免的。根据句意可知，空处为连词，表示“当…的时候” 层级一语用巩固 用连接词when」 I,单词拼写 9.to ease考查非谓语动词，句意：这个时候，幽欧可以起到缓 1.demand 2.bath 3.unfortunate 4.loosely 5.criticise 和局面的作用，并帮助分享一些轻松有趣的时刻。非谓语动 6.idiom 7.politician 8.agent 词作后置定语，被修饰词role和动词ease之间为主谓关系， 川.单句语法填空 用动词不定式形式。 1.are 2.came 3.is 4.politician 5.loosely 6.to 10.laughter考查词性转换。句意：所以笑或幽默是最好的药. 7.approaching 8.Criticised/Having been criticised 9.idioms 此处作主语，应用名词laughter,由is可知，应用名词单数 10.Unfortunately 形式. Ⅲ，选词填空 课时作业（四） 1.make sense 2.let alone 3.set up 4.be related to 5.on my own 6.end up 7.Aside from 8.in particular 层级一语用巩固 N,单句写作 【.单句语法填空 1.sat a young man 1.in 2.for 3.that 4.rarely 5.tense 6.at/by 7.reliable 2.If I were you,I would pay attention to Chinese idioms 8.scholarship 9.amused 10.producers 11.convinced and phrases 12.on 13.with 14.accidentally 15.physically 3.When the sun rises,all the mountains and trees are bathed Ⅱ，单句写作 in sunshine 1.Your future depends on many things,but mostly on you 4.They came up with several approaches to solving the problem 2.To everyone's amusement 层级二素养提升 3.You can rely on/upon it that V,阅读七选五 4.convince us of her honesty 语篇 主题语境：人与自我/善于学习。本文为说明文， 5.I was astonished at/by the loud sound 导读介绍了在科学研究方面如何取得成功的三个建议 6.on the contrary Ⅲ.课文语法填空 1,A总分关系。空处为木段小标题。根据下文可知，我们要 1.episodes 2.Seated 3.places 4.to find 5.truly 6.an 向比我们更聪明的人求助，A项“避开愚蠢的人”可以作为小 7.successful 8.obtained 9.for 10.that 标题，概括本段内容，故选A项。 层级二 素养提升 2.G解释关系。根据上文可知，在科学中最高的目标不是我 胜，而是战胜困难。G项（换句话说，就是去超出你能力范围 N,阅读 的某个地方，然后拔得头筹)符合语境，是上文的另一个说 A 法，故选G项。 主题语境：人与社会/对社会有突出贡献的人物。 语篇 3.F并列关系。根据小标题Take risks和上文可知，如果想在 本文为记叙文，介绍了意大利著名数学家玛得亚·阿 导读 科学方面取得飞跃，可能要不走寻常路，要有质疑精神，不要 涅西的成功经历和她为一些穷人作出的贡献， 迷信以前的成功者。F项（此外，你要准备好不相信心目中的 1.C细节理解题，根据第二段第二句可知，她的母亲有21个 英雄人物)符合语境，上下文都属于“冒险”的范畴，故选F项。 孩子，所以她家是个大家庭，故选C项。 4,C对照关系。自己不喜欢的事情不容易做好。C项（事实 2.B推理判断题，根据第二段中的she was living proof of… 上，我发现在我喜欢的事情上很难做好)与上文承接自然，指 women had a right to study science可推断，当时是不允许女 即使自己喜欢的事情也很难做好，故选C项。 性学科学的，故选B项。 5.D概括关系。根据上文可知，此处表示如果你不想和其他 3.D细节理解题。根据第二段第四、五句可知，她对数学执者 科学家在一起，你就很难成功，故选D项。 到睡觉时也会梦游进书房解决问题，故选D项。 M.语法填空 4.A推理判断题。根据文章后半部分的描述可知，她为需要 主题语境：人与自我/生活与学习。本文为记叙文， 帮助的人做了很多事，说明她不仅是一位伟大的数学家，还 语篇 主要介绍了作者的儿子患有自闭症，却表现出特别的洞 是一个热心的、著良的人，故选A项。 导读 察力。作者认为儿子教会了自己很多东西 公 1.at考查介词。句意：我9岁的儿子在3岁时被诊断出患有 语篇 主题语境：人与社会科学与技术。本文为说明 自闭症。at the age of在…岁时。 文，介绍了ChatGPT的出现和市场反应，并对它的优 导读 2,tose考查非谓语动词。句意：他有能力看到和欣赏很多我 点及界端进行了分析 这辈子都没注意到的东西。此处应用不定式作后置定语修 5.A段落大意题。第二段描述了ChatGPT的操作使用，告诉 饰名词ability。 我们它的工作原理，故选A项。 3.that/which考查引导词。此处为定语从句修饰先行词 6.A推理判断题。本段所列数字显示ChatGPT非常受欢迎， things,先行词在从句中作宾语，指物，用关系代词that或which 故选A项。 4.waiting考查特殊句式和非谓语动词。句意：在邮局排队的 7,B细节理解题。根据第四段后两句可知，设计ChatGPT 时候，他把行分隔符看成字母M。在while引导的状语从句 Plus的目的是在高峰时段给子用户优先访问权，故选B项。 中，当从句主语和主句主语一致且从句含有be的某种形式 183·