Unit 5 Section Ⅳ Writing——写一篇关于实施急救的记叙文(Word教参)-【状元桥·优质课堂】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第二册（人教版2019）

Section Ⅳ　Writing——写一篇关于实施急救的记叙文 本单元的写作任务是分享你实施急救的故事，属于叙事类记叙文。该类写作是以叙述为主，通过完整的故事情节和生动形象的语言，使读者在享受故事情节的同时有所感悟。 跟课文学写作范式 (一)课文范式提炼 (二)写作要点指津 写作时应注意下面几点： 1．确定文体：写作要求是写一个真实的故事，写作时应注意记叙文的常规格式，以及记叙文的六要素：时间、地点、人物、事件的起因、经过和结果。 2．主体时态：在叙事过程中，一般用一般现在时和一般过去时。在叙述事情的背景或某景象时，可用过去进行时，显得更加生动形象。 3．主体人称：故事是叙述过去发生的事，通常用第一人称写自己的经历，用第三人称写他人的经历或事迹。 跟课文学亮点表达 阅读第一篇文章第一、二自然段，习得以下素养 ★学亮点表达 1．第一段中had his dinner interrupted这一结构的运用巧妙地描写了陈伟正在吃晚餐被打断的情景；desperate一词形象地刻画出张涛的朋友面对突发情况的惊慌失措。 2．第二段中 help Zhang to his feet这一短语形象地描写了张涛在陈伟和他的朋友们的帮助下站了起来这一动作，短语的使用有效强化了表达效果。 [微写作1]——补全句子 (1)Mary进电梯时把脚踝给崴了，现在医生正在给她缠绷带。 Mary had her ankle sprained when she entered the elevator, and now the doctor is having it bandaged . (2)这些孩子非常需要爱心和关怀。 The children are in desperate need of love and attention. (3)我把他扶起来，像抱自己孩子似的把他搂在怀中。 I picked him up / helped him to his feet and wrapped him in my arms, as if he were a child of my own. ★学逻辑衔接 第一、二段运用时间顺序，叙述了陈伟救人的过程。其中第一段第一句和第三句中when和while的使用巧妙地描述了意外发生时的场景，第二段中Then, Ten minutes later和before they left等时间状语的运用清楚地叙述了陈伟救人的过程。 阅读文章第三至第五自然段，习得以下素养 ★学写作手法 第三至第五段采用说明文的写法，语言平实、准确、客观，大量使用了祈使句，简洁明了地说明步骤和要领，便于读者理解操作过程，准确掌握这种急救方法。 [微写作2]——补全句子 (1)请把堵住大厅入口的东西搬开。 Please remove your stuff that is blocking the entrance to the hall. (2)定期测量血压，以便及早发现健康问题。 Measure your blood pressure regularly so as to help find any health problem early. ★学逻辑衔接 第三至第五段中作者在提出建议时，in fact, Then, Instead等逻辑衔接词以及if条件句的运用使句子之间过渡自然，语意连贯，层次清晰，逻辑鲜明。准确、客观地介绍了海姆利希急救法的历史和操作要领。 阅读文章第六自然段，习得以下素养学亮点表达 第六段前三句话简短有力，加强了语气。第一、二句中的count，stand by等词汇和短语的使用，有力而又鲜明地表达了面对紧急情况人们应该及时施以援手的重要性。副词Luckily作状语修饰句子和分词短语Seeing Zhang choking作状语的使用，恰当合理地丰富了句子的表意效果。 [微写作3]——补全句子 (1)他的车掉进了深谷，幸运的是，他在事故中幸免于难。 His car fell into the deep valley； luckily, he survived the accident . (2)(2021·新课标Ⅰ写作)父亲轻轻地拍着他们的肩膀，用温暖的声音说：“亲爱的，爱才是最重要的。让我们一起再来一次！”(count；强调句型) Patting them gently on their shoulders, Father said in a warm voice, “Darling, 　it's love that counts　.Let's do this again together！” (3)看到一个人急需帮助，你怎么能袖手旁观呢？(stand by) How can you stand by when seeing a man in desperate need of help? (4)(2021·新课标Ⅰ写作)然后杰夫注意到锅里冒出蒸汽，锅盖开始摇晃。 Then Jeff noticed steam shooting out of the pot and the lid starting to shake. ★学写作手法 本段作者先是对文章进行总结，随即通过引用陈伟的话，以直接引语的形式使得文章主题得以升华。层次清晰，说服力强，让读者对陈伟的精神品质和海姆利希急救法的操作步骤有了深刻的印象。同时作者借事抒情，呼吁人们要有责任心，关心彼此，使读者产生共鸣。 (一)输入好词 1．basic understanding of medical treatment 　　　　　　　　　　　 基本医疗知识 2．emergency room 急救室 3．mouth-to-mouth resuscitation 人工呼吸 4．get injured 受伤 5．get infected 感染 6．muscle strains 肌肉拉伤 7．first aid kits 急救包 8．treat a burn with ointment 用药膏治疗烧伤 9．set a bone with a splint 用夹板固定骨头 10．perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) 实施心肺复苏术 11．dress a wound 包扎伤口 12．applying pressure 施压 13．breathable bandage 透气绷带 14．squeeze out 榨出；挤出 15．over and over again 反复；多次 16．collapsed unconscious 不省人事昏倒 17．sit up 坐直；(使)坐起 18．help sb to one's feet 帮助某人站起身来 19．call 120 for an ambulance 拨打120叫救护车 (二)输入好句 ◎常用开头句式 1．I had an unforgettable experience today, from which I got a lot. 我今天有一个难忘的经历，从中我获益颇多。 2．One day Mike was studying in his room when he heard a scream from the kitchen. 一天，迈克正在他的房间里学习，这时他听到厨房里传来一声尖叫。 3．I was walking in the street when… 我正在街上走着，这时…… 4．Although it happened three years ago，I never forget the scene.虽然它发生在三年前，但我永远不会忘记那一幕。 ◎常用主体句式 5．By the time the ambulance arrived, there were a crowd of onlookers gathering. 救护车赶到时，围观的人已经很多了。 6．We checked whether he/she was conscious or not.我们检查他/她是否清醒。 7．Use the mouth-to-mouth method within five minutes.在五分钟内进行人工呼吸。 8．Don't move him/her—leave him/her where he/she is.不要移动他/她——让他/她待在原地。 9．Cover the wound with a bandage or a piece of dry and clean cloth. 用绷带或一块清洁的干布把伤口包扎起来。 10．Wash the wound with cool running water. 用凉自来水冲洗伤口。 11．I ran and laughed in the sun with several classmates.But unfortunately, I had sunstroke and couldn't stand or walk. 我和几个同学在阳光下跑着、笑着。但不幸的是，我中暑了，不能站立或行走。 12．They gave me first aid immediately, which made me feel much better soon.他们立即对我进行了急救，这使我很快就感觉好多了。 ◎常用结尾句式 13．I really thank them for what they have done to help me. 我非常感谢他们为帮助我所做的一切。 14．From this experience, I know about the importance of first aid. 从这次经历中，我懂得了急救的重要性。 15．I was very tired, but I was happy that I did a good deed. 我很疲惫，但我很高兴自己做了一件好事。 16．He uses his story to impress upon students the need for quick action.他用他的故事使学生们深刻认识到必须迅速采取行动。 17．The story is a good example in which first aid makes a big difference.这个故事是个很好的例子，说明急救可以起到很大的作用。 18．No matter what we do, do remember that safety comes first. 不管我们做什么，请记住，安全第一。 【写作要求】 上周日，王林和他的朋友们在餐馆吃晚饭，这时其中一个朋友陈辉突然因食物噎住而感到窒息。请你根据以下要点提示用英语写一篇短文来描述此事件，并发表你的看法。 1．王林懂得一些急救知识，他让陈辉保持冷静，同时让李强打电话叫救护车； 2．他用力拍陈辉的背部，很快陈辉吐出一块未嚼碎的土豆； 3．医生表扬了王林，并对他的行为给予了高度评价。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 【四步成文】 第一步：审题谋篇 (一)审题 1．确定体裁：本文为 记叙文 ； 2．确定人称：本文的主要人称应为第 三 人称； 3．确定时态： 一般过去时 为主。 (二)构思 1．事件的背景：吃晚饭时，一个朋友被食物噎住了； 2．主体：王林利用所掌握的急救知识施救； 3．结尾：发表感想、愿望等。 第二步：由词扩句 1．上周日，王林和他的朋友们在一家餐馆吃晚饭。 Last Sunday, Wang Lin and his friends were having supper in a restaurant . 2．突然，陈辉被食物噎住了，无法呼吸。 Suddenly, Chen Hui was unable to breathe because he choked on some food . 3．幸运的是，王林懂得一些急救知识。 Luckily, Wang Lin knew some knowledge of first aid . 4．他让陈辉保持冷静。 He asked Chen Hui to keep calm . 5．他让李强叫救护车。 He asked Li Qiang to call for an ambulance . 6．他重重地拍了拍陈辉的后背。 He slapped Chen Hui hard on the back . 7．陈辉吐了一块没被彻底嚼烂的土豆。 Chen Hui threw up a piece of potato .It was not chewed up thoroughly. 8．医生表扬了王林，对他的表现给予高度评价。 The doctor praised Wang Lin and thought highly of his performance . 9．掌握一些急救知识可以在紧急情况下挽救一个人的生命。 Having some knowledge of first aid can save one's life in an emergency . 第三步：句式升级 1．用并列连词and合并第二步中的句4和句5 He asked Chen Hui to keep calm and meanwhile, he asked Li Qiang to call for an ambulance. 2．把第二步中的句7合并升级为定语从句 Soon Chen Hui threw up a piece of potato which was not chewed up thoroughly. 第四步：连句成篇 One possible version： Last Sunday, Wang Lin and his friends were having supper in a restaurant.Suddenly, Chen Hui was unable to breathe because he choked on some food.Luckily, Wang Lin knew some knowledge of first aid.He asked Chen Hui to keep calm and meanwhile, he asked Li Qiang to call for an ambulance.He slapped Chen Hui hard on the back.Soon Chen Hui threw up a piece of potato which was not chewed up thoroughly.The doctor praised Wang Lin and thought highly of his performance. Having some knowledge of first aid can save one's life in an emergency. 上周日下午，你和你的朋友在河边散步时，听到河中有人在喊救命。于是你们迅速地救起他，并对他实施了必要的急救。请你就这件事写一篇80词左右的短文，向学校英文报投稿，主要内容包括： 1．描述事故发生经过； 2．实施急救的过程：让他平躺；实施口对口人工呼吸(apply the mouth-to-mouth resuscitation)；联系救护车和家人； 3．简要表达你对掌握一定急救知识的重要性的看法。 One possible version： Last Sunday afternoon, my friend and I were walking along the river when we heard someone screaming for help.Seeing a drowning person, we jumped into the river and lifted him out. Upon reaching the bank, we gave first aid to him immediately.We put him in place and applied the mouth-to-mouth resuscitation over and over again.Meanwhile, my friend called an ambulance.Soon after he came to himself, his parents and doctors arrived. Through this accident, we realized some knowledge of first aid could make a real difference. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$