Unit 4 Section I Reading and Thinking(Word教参)-【状元桥·优质课堂】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第二册（人教版2019）

Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking 教材助读7 SEEING THE TRUE NORTH VIA RAIL： VANCOUVER AND THE HEART OF CANADA Li Daiyu and her cousin Liu Qian went to Canada ①to visit their cousins in Halifax on the Atlantic coast.Rather than<1> travel by commercial airline<2> all the way, they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train<3>．For both of them, the thought of crossing the whole country by rail was exciting. ①不定式短语作目的状语。 Before starting out<4>， they spent a couple of days in Vancouver, ②seeing the sights.During their first day, ③as is typical<5> of Vancouver, it rained.Despite the weather, they were able to take a boat ride out into the bay<6>， and later visit an island ④that had wonderful shops selling crafts<7> and antiques<8>.The next day was clear and mild<9>， and they were pleased ⑤to see the beautiful mountains looking out over the city.Later, they took a pleasant<10> hike<11> in a forest just a short distance away. ②现在分词短语作伴随状语。 ③as is typical of Vancouver是as引导的定语从句。 ④that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词an island。在这个定语从句中，现在分词短语selling crafts and antiques作定语，修饰shops。 ⑤不定式短语作状语。 The next morning, the two girls arose<12> early to take the train to Lake Louise, ⑥passing through the Canadian Rockies.⑦Seen from the train window, the mountains and forests of Canada looked massive<13>．When the train arrived at the station, they took a taxi to Lake Louise, ⑧where the blue water literally<14> took their breath away<15> with its exceptional beauty.They spent the night, and then took a coach bound<16> north through the Canadian Rockies to Jasper.⑨Looking at the beautiful scenery<17>，they both agreed that it was the most awesome<18> journey ⑩they had ever taken.In addition to<19> seeing spectacular<20> mountain peaks<21> and forests, one highlight<22> of their trip was being able to see many different creatures, including deer, mountain goats<23>， and even a grizzly bear<24> and an eagle. ⑥现在分词短语作状语。 ⑦过去分词短语作状语，the mountains and forests of Canada与see之间是动宾关系。 ⑧where引导定语从句，修饰先行词Lake Louise。 ⑨现在分词短语作状语，they与look之间是主谓关系。 ⑩此处是省略了关系词的定语从句，修饰先行词journey。 From Jasper, they caught the train towards Toronto.One of the train's first stops was in Edmonton, the provincial capital of Alberta, the centre of Canada's huge oil and gas drilling<25> industry.Edmonton is freezing<26> cold in winter, ⑪with daily temperatures averaging －10℃ .⑫Since it can be too cold to go outdoors, Edmonton is home to<27> many shopping malls<28>．In fact, one of the largest shopping malls in North America is in Edmonton. ⑪with复合结构作状语。 ⑫ since引导原因状语从句。 From Edmonton, the train headed<29> southeast across the great Canadian Prairie<30>．At school, Daiyu and Liu Qian had learnt that Canada's population is only slightly over thirty-seven million.However, they did not anticipate<31> seeing such an open country, and were truly amazed.They went through two wheat-growing provinces, ⑬where they saw a bunch<32> of farms that covered a very large area. ⑬本句是where引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词two wheat-growing provinces，在这个定语从句中，又包含that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词farms。 After another day on the train, eventually<33> they were back in an urban area, the city of Winnipeg.From there, they travelled through the night, and woke up in Ontario—a land of forests and lakes.The train thundered<34> on, through the rolling hills.The bushes and maple trees outside their windows were red, gold, and orange, and there was frost<35> on the ground, ⑭confirming<36> that autumn had arrived in Canada.Night came again, and the train turned south towards Toronto.When they woke up the next morning and pulled back the curtain<37>， they could see the wide stretch of Lake Huron—one of the four Great Lakes on Ontario's southern border<38>．⑮It was not until 9：30 a．m.that they finally reached the capital of Ontario, Toronto.All in all, their trip from Vancouver to Toronto had taken a duration<39> of four days. ⑭现在分词短语作状语。 ⑮此处是一个强调句型，被强调的部分是时间状语until 9：30 a．m.。 <1>rather than而不是；与其，不愿 rather than连接两个不定式时，第二个不定式的to可以省略。但是rather than位于句首时，跟不带to的不定式。 <2>airline/ˈeəlaIn/n.航空公司 <3>take the train乘火车 <4>start out出发 <5>typical adj.典型的；有代表性的 <6>bay/beI/n.(海或湖的)湾 <7>craft/krɑːft/n.手艺；工艺；技艺 <8>antique/ænˈtiːk/n.古物；古董 adj.古老的；古董的 <9>mild adj.(天气)温和的，和煦的 <10>pleasant/ˈpleznt/adj.令人愉快的；友好的 <11>take a hike 徒步旅行 <12>arise/əˈraIz/ vi.(arose，arisen)起身；出现；由……引起 <13>massive/ˈmæsIv/adj.巨大的；非常严重的 <14>literally/ˈlItərəli/adj.字面上；真正地 literally常用于表达强调或夸张的语气。 <15>breath/breθ/n.呼吸的空气 take sb's breath away令人惊叹 <16>bound/baʊnd/ adj.准备前往(某地)；一定会 <17>scenery/ˈsiːnəri/n.风景；景色 <18>awesome/ˈɔːsəm/adj.令人惊叹的；可怕的；很好的 <19>in addition to 除……之外(还)(短语介词，后接名词、代词或动名词) <20>spectacular /spekˈtækjələ(r)/ adj.壮观的；壮丽的；惊人的 n．壮丽的场面；精彩的表演 <21>peak/piːk/n.顶峰；山峰；尖形 <22>highlight/ˈhaIlaIt/n.最好或最精彩的部分 vt.突出；强调；使醒目 <23>goat/gəʊt/n.山羊 <24>grizzly bear /ˌɡrIzli ˈbeə(r)/n.灰熊 <25>drill/drIl/vi.&vt.钻(孔)；打(眼) n．钻(头)；训练；演习 <26>freezing/ˈfriːzIŋ/adj.极冷的；冰冻的 freezing cold 严寒；相当冷 freeze/friːz/vi.&vt.(froze，frozen)结冰；(使)冻住 <27>be home to……的家园 <28>mall/mɔːl/n.(also shopping mall)购物商场；购物广场 <29>head vi.朝(某方向)行进 <30>prairie/ˈpreəri/n.北美草原 <31>anticipate /ænˈtIsIpeIt/vt.预料；预见；期望 anticipation n．预料；期望 <32>bunch/bʌntʃ/n.一束；一串 a bunch of大量，一大批；一串，一束 <33>eventually adv.最后；终于 <34>thunder/ˈθʌndə(r)/vi.打雷；轰隆隆地响；轰隆隆地快速移动 n．雷声；轰隆声 <35>frost/frɒst/n.霜；严寒天气；霜冻 vt.使蒙上霜 vi.结霜 <36>confirm v．(尤指提供证据来)证实，证明，确认 <37>curtain/ˈkɜːtn/n.窗帘 pull back the curtain拉开窗帘 <38>border/ˈbɔːdə(r)/n. 国界；边界(地区) on the border在边界上 <39>duration/djuˈreIʃn/n.持续时间；期间 通过铁路看到真正的北方： 温哥华和加拿大的中心 李黛予和她的表妹刘倩去加拿大大西洋海岸的哈利法克斯看望她们的表妹。她们没有一路乘坐商业航班，而是决定先乘飞机到温哥华，然后再坐火车。对她们俩来说，乘火车穿越整个国家的想法是令人兴奋的。 出发前，她们在温哥华待了几天，看了看风景。在她们到的第一天下雨了，这就是温哥华的典型天气。尽管天气不好，她们还是可以乘船去海湾，然后去一个岛上，那里有卖工艺品和古董的好商店。第二天天气晴朗温和，她们看到美丽的山脉俯瞰着城市很高兴。后来，她们在不远的森林里愉快地徒步旅行。 第二天早上，两个女孩早早起床，坐火车去路易斯湖，途经加拿大落基山脉。从火车窗口看，加拿大的山脉和森林看起来很大。火车抵达后，她们乘坐出租车来到路易斯湖，那里湛蓝的湖水异常美丽，令她们真正地惊叹不已。她们过了一夜， 然后乘长途汽车，向北穿过加拿大落基山脉，来到贾斯珀。看着美丽的风景，她们都认为这是她们经历过的最棒的旅行。除了看到壮观的山峰和森林，她们旅行的一个亮点是能够看到许多不同的生物，包括鹿、山羊，甚至一只灰熊和一只鹰。 从贾斯珀，她们赶上了开往多伦多的火车。火车的第一站是埃德蒙顿，艾伯塔省省会，加拿大巨大的石油和天然气钻探工业的中心。埃德蒙顿冬天寒冷彻骨，日平均气温为－10℃。因为天气太冷不能出门，埃德蒙顿是许多购物中心的所在地。事实上，北美最大的购物中心之一在埃德蒙顿。 火车从埃德蒙顿出发，朝东南方向一路驶过 加拿大大草原。在学校，黛予和刘倩得知加拿大的人口只有3 700多万。然而，她们没有预料到会看到这样一个空旷的国家，她们真的很惊讶。她们走遍了两个小麦种植省份，在那里她们看到了一大堆覆盖很大面积的农场。 在火车上又过了一天，她们最终回到了市区，温尼伯市。从那里，她们彻夜旅行，在安大略省醒来——一片森林和湖泊的土地。火车隆隆驶过起伏的群山。窗外的灌木丛和枫树是红色、金色和橙色的，地面上有霜，证实秋天已经来到加拿大。夜晚又来了，火车向南转向多伦多。第二天早上，当她们醒来拉开窗帘时，她们可以看到休伦湖的广阔延伸——安大略省南部边界的四大湖区之一。直到上午9：30，她们才最终抵达安大略省的首府多伦多。总之，她们从温哥华到多伦多的旅程用了四天时间。 Ⅰ.明主旨大意 What's the main idea of the passage? A．Two girls' journey across Canada. B．A brief introduction to Canada's geography. C．Highlights of Canada's culture. D．Famous tourist sites in Canada. 答案　A Ⅱ.绘层次结构 Match the main idea with each part. Para.1　A．The two girls were amazed by the vast lands of Canada. Para.2 B．The two girls' stay in Vancouver. Para.3 C．Li Daiyu and her cousin were on a trip to Canada. Para.4．The two girls' visit to Lake Louise. Para.5　E．The two girls reached their destination. Para.6　F．A short introduction to Edmonton. 答案　Paras.1～6　CBDFAE Read the text (P38～39), then choose the best answer. 1．Why are the cousins not flying direct to the Atlantic coast? A．They don't have so much money. B．They want to take the train to have a good view of Canada. C．The aeroplane is so fast. D．The distance from the west coast to the east isn't so long. 答案　B 2．How did the cousins go to Jasper? A．By train.　　　　 B．By coach. C．By taxi. D．On foot. 答案　B 3．What do you know about Alberta? A．People here never go out in winter. B．The temperature is low all the year round. C．Edmonton is the largest shopping centre in North America. D．It is the centre of Canada's oil and gas drilling industry. 答案　D 4．What surprised the cousins? A．So small population of Canada. B．So many schools. C．Such an empty place. D．Growing so much wheat. 答案　C 5．When the cousins woke up the next morning, what did they see first? A．The wide river of Lake Huron. B．Toronto, Ontario's capital. C．Frost on the ground. D．The red bushes outside the window. 答案　A Ⅰ.解决长难句 1. Despite the weather, they were able to take a 　　　↓　　　　　　　　　↓ 介词短语作　状语　　　 　并列谓语 boat ride out into the bay, and later visit an 　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　↓ 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　并列谓语 island that had wonderful shops selling crafts 　　　　　　　　↓ 　　　　　　　定语　从句 and antiques. [尝试翻译]　 尽管天气不好，她们还是乘船到海湾去了，后来参观了一个岛，岛上有卖工艺品和古董的好商店。 2. When the train arrived at the station, they 　　　　　↓ 　　　　时间状语　从句 took a taxi to Lake Louise, where the blue water 　　　　　↓　　　　　　　　↓ 　　 　　主句　　　　非限制性定语　从句 literally took their breath away with its exceptional beauty. [尝试翻译]　 火车到站后，她们乘坐出租车来到路易斯湖，那里湛蓝的湖水异常美丽，令她们惊叹不已。 Ⅱ.课文语法填空 Li Daiyu and Liu Qian were on a trip to Canada to visit their cousins.They preferred 1. (fly) to Vancouver and then take the train from west to east across Canada, rather than travel by air all the way.The thought of crossing the whole country by rail was exciting. After arriving in Vancouver, they stayed there for a few days, when they took a boat ride out into a bay, visited shops selling crafts and 2. (antique), and saw the sights.Two days later, they took the train to Lake Louise.Upon arriving at the station, they went 3. (direct) to Lake Louise, whose blue water literally took their breath away.The next day, they took a coach bound north to Jasper, 4. they saw many different creatures, including a grizzly bear and an eagle.From Jasper, they caught the train towards Toronto via Edmonton, which is home 5. many shopping malls.Leaving Edmonton, the train 6. (head) southeast across the great Canadian Prairie.They were 7. (amaze) to see such an open country along the way.After another day on the train, they eventually reached the city of Winnipeg.With the train 8. (thunder) on, night came again, and the next morning, they saw the stretch of Lake Huron.At 9：30 a．m., they finally reached Toronto.The trip had taken 9. duration of four days, and they both agreed that it was the 10. (awesome) journey they had ever taken. 1．答案 flying/to fly　 解析　考查非谓语动词。prefer doing/to do sth更喜欢做某事。 2．答案 antiques　 解析　考查名词的数。antique是可数名词，根据空前shops, crafts可知，不止一件古董，故用复数形式。 3．答案 directly　 解析　考查词性转换。副词作状语修饰动词，此处表示“直接地”，故填directly。 4．答案 where　 解析　考查引导词。所填词引导定语从句，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，故填where。 5．答案 to　 解析　考查介词。be home to是……的家园，为固定搭配。 6．答案 headed 解析　考查时态。head 在此是谓语动词，描述的是过去发生的动作，故应用一般过去时。 7．答案 amazed 解析　考查词性转换。be amazed to do sth做某事感到惊讶。 8．答案 thundering　 解析　考查非谓语动词。此处为with复合结构，空处应用非谓语动词作宾语补足语，与宾语是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词。 9．答案 a 解析　考查冠词。a duration of ……的持续时间。 10．答案 most awesome　 解析　考查比较等级。根据句意及the可知，此处应用最高级。 1 (教材P38)Rather than travel by commercial airline all the way, they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train.她们没有一路乘坐商业航班，而是决定先乘飞机到温哥华，然后再坐火车。 句型：rather than而不是 句中rather than 连接两个并列不定式短语，位于句首时，只能接不带to的不定式。 ①rather than 为并列连词，表示选择，意为“而不是；与其；不愿”。它通常连接两个并列的句子成分。 ②当rather than连接两个并列成分作主语时，谓语与rather than前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。 ③rather than后接不定式时，不定式可以带to，也可以不带to，但当rather than位于句首时，只能接不带to的不定式。 ④常见的含rather than的句式： 宁愿做…… 而不做…… (2024·全国甲)It's important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings.慢下来，把食物当成有营养的东西，而不仅仅是会议间隙吃的东西，这一点很重要。 [融会练通]——单句语法填空 (1)(2023·新课标Ⅰ)There you will find them prepared differently—more dumpling and less soup, and the wrappers are pressed by hand rather than rolled (roll)． (2)The sales manager rather than the workers is (be) to blame for the accident. [习作练笔]——句式转换 (3)At last I decided to write rather than (to) telephone. →At last rather than telephone I decided to write. (4)I would rather fail than cheat in the exam. →I would fail rather than cheat in the exam. →I preferred to fail rather than cheat in the exam. 2 (教材P38)During their first day, as is typical of Vancouver, it rained. 第一天是典型的温哥华天气，下雨了。 句型：as引导的非限制性定语从句 ①as引导非限制性定语从句时，有“正如……”之意，常放在主句之前，有时也可放在主句之后或主句之中。 ②as引导限制性定语从句时，先行词常用such, the same, as, so等修饰。 As is mentioned above, what elderly people in the nursing home need is warmth and love. 如上所述，养老院的老人需要的是温暖和爱。 [融会练通]——单句语法填空 (1)The air quality in the city, as is shown in the report has improved over the past two years. (2)Susan was late for school, as was often the case with her. (3)This is such a difficult question as nobody can work out. ＝This is such a difficult question that nobody can work it out. [提示] ①which引导非限制性定语从句，只能放在主句后面，意为“这一点”。②在such…as…中，as引导非限制性定语从句，as是关系代词，在从句中作主语、宾语等成分；而such…that…引导结果状语从句，that在从句中不作任何成分。 3 (教材P38)The next morning, the two girls arose early to take the train to Lake Louise, passing through the Canadian Rockies. 第二天早上，两个女孩早早起床，坐火车去路易斯湖，途经加拿大的落基山脉。 arise　vi.(arose, arisen)起身；出现；由……引起 arise from/out of由……引起；因……产生 [辨析] arise, rise, raise 原形 词性词义 过去式 过去分词 现在分词 arise (vi.)出现；发生；现身 arose arisen arising rise (vi.)升起；增长；上升 rose risen rising raise (vt.)举起；抚养；饲养 raised raised raising Mental problems can arise from/out of a physical cause, so it is very important to stay physically healthy.身体不适可引起情绪问题，所以保持身体健康很重要。 [融会练通]——单句语法填空 (1)A number of high buildings have arisen (arise) where there was nothing a year ago but ruins. (2)It can't be too careful while driving.Accidents often arise from carelessness. [融会练通]——选词填空(arise/rise/raise) (3)Seeing his mother return home, the boy arose from his chair immediately. (4)The housing prices keep rising in spite of the government's regulations. (5)He had to raise his voice to make himself heard. (6)Many problems arise when prices of daily goods rise sharply. 4 (教材P38)When the train arrived at the station, they took a taxi to Lake Louise, where the blue water literally took their breath away with its exceptional beauty. 火车到站后，她们乘出租车来到路易斯湖，那里湛蓝的湖水异常美丽，令她们惊叹不已。 breath　n．呼吸的空气；吸气 ①take sb's breath away 令人惊叹 hold one's breath 屏住呼吸 take a deep breath 深吸一口气 lose one's breath 喘不过气来 out of breath 上气不接下气，气喘吁吁 ②breathev. 呼吸；使喘息 breathe in/out 吸气/呼气 ③breathlessadj. 气喘吁吁的，上气不接下气的 The beautiful scenery of Mount Tai will take every tourist's breath away. 泰山的美景让每位游客都惊叹不已。 [融会练通]——单句语法填空 (1)I stepped onto the stage, took a deep breath and began to speak. (2)I breathed (breath) in a huge mouthful of the frigid air. (3)He came running into the room, breathless (breath) and red in the face. [习作练笔]——补全句子 (4)They held their breath (屏住呼吸) to listen to the principal's speech. (5)He climbed to the peak of the mountain and lost his breath (喘不过气来)． 5 (教材P38)They spent the night, and then took a coach bound north through the Canadian Rockies to Jasper.她们过了一夜，然后乘坐长途汽车，向北穿越加拿大的落基山脉，来到贾斯珀。 bound　adj. 准备前往(某地)；一定会；有义务的；被束缚的 v．跳跃着跑 ①be bound for　　　　　 准备前往(某地) be bound from…to… 从……开往…… ②be bound to do sth 一定做某事 be bound up with sth 和某事密切相关 ③bound away 跳着跑开 bound back (球)弹回 This activity is bound to help students have a deep understanding of our traditional culture and enhance our culture confidence. 这项活动一定有助于学生深入了解我们的传统文化，增强文化自信。 [融会练通]——单句语法填空 (1)From that moment my life was bound up with teaching. (2)The plane is bound for Tokyo, which is scheduled. [习作练笔]——词汇升级/补全句子 (3)You've done so much work─you will pass the exam. are bound to (4)我非常确信盛大的元宵节游行会一定会给你留下深刻的印象。 I am greatly assured that the grand lantern festival parade will be bound to impress you . 6 (教材P38)Edmonton is freezing cold in winter, with daily temperatures averaging －10℃.埃德蒙顿冬天很冷，每天平均气温为零下10摄氏度。 freezing　adj.极冷的；冰冻的 ①freezing cold 极冷的；冻僵的 freezing point 冰点 ②freezev. 结冰；(使)冻住；凝固； (因恐惧等而)呆住 freeze/be frozen to death 冻死 ③frozenadj. 冰冻的；冷藏的；冻僵的 ④freezern. 冰柜 [联想] (以文助写)In order to finish the task on time, they braved the freezing environment and worked hard. 为了按时完成任务，他们冒着严寒努力工作。 [融会练通]——单句语法填空 (1)She got used to the freezing (freeze) weather in Alaska. (2)In winter, most of the rivers and lakes are frozen (freeze)．It becomes a world of ice. [习作练笔]——补全句子 (3)门慢慢开启时我吓呆了。 I froze with terror/fear as the door slowly opened. 7 (教材P39)It was not until 9：30 a．m.that they finally reached the capital of Ontario, Toronto. 直到上午九点半，她们才终于抵达安大略省的首府多伦多。 句型：“It was not until…that…”强调句型 ①not…until…结构的强调句型：It is/was not until…that… ②强调句的基本句型：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分。 ③强调句的一般疑问句：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分？ ④强调句的特殊疑问句：疑问词(被强调部分)＋is/was＋it＋that＋句子其他部分？ Not until I became monitor of our class did I realize the importance of teamwork.直到我成为我们班的班长，我才意识到团队合作的重要性。 [融会练通]——选词填空 (1)It was in the shop that I met an old friend of mine.(that/where) (2)It was the shop where I met an old friend of mine.(that/where) [习作练笔]——一句多译 (3)直到他失业了，他才意识到学习的重要性。 ① It was not until he lost his job that he realized the importance of study. ②Not until he lost his job did he realize the importance of study. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$