Unit 4 Section Ⅱ Learning About Language(Word教参)-【状元桥·优质课堂】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第二册（人教版2019）

Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language

过去分词和动词-ing形式作表语和状语的区别

Ⅰ.用括号内所给词的适当形式填写下面教材中的句子，并体会它们的语法特征。

1．(教材P38)For both of them, the thought of crossing the whole country by rail was   exciting  (excite)．

2．(教材P38)Before starting out, they spent a couple of days in Vancouver,   seeing  (see) the sights.

3．(教材P38)The next day was clear and mild, and they were   pleased  (please) to see the beautiful mountains looking out over the city.

4．(教材P38)The next morning, the two girls arose early to take the train to Lake Louise,   passing  (pass) through the Canadian Rockies.

5．(教材P38)  Seen  (see) from the train window, the mountains and forests of Canada looked massive.

6．(教材P38)  Looking  (look) at the beautiful scenery, they both agreed that it was the most awesome journey they had ever taken.

7．(教材P39)However, they did not anticipate seeing such an open country, and were truly   amazed  (amaze)．

Ⅱ.根据以上例句填空。

(1)句1是现在分词作  表语  , 句3、7是过去分词作  表语  。

(2)句2、4、6是现在分词短语作  状语  ，句5是过去分词短语作  状语  。

一、过去分词(短语)作表语

(一)过去分词(短语)作表语的用法

过去分词可放在连系动词be, get, feel, remain, seem, look, become等之后作表语，表示主语所处的状态或心理感受，相当于形容词作用。

►He felt disappointed after his request was refused.他的请求被拒绝后，他感到很失望。

►The door remained unlocked when I went back home.我回家时门仍然未锁。

►His mother got very annoyed because he couldn't finish his work on time.

他的母亲很生气，因为他没能按时完成工作。

[即时训练1]——单句语法填空

(1)The manager is quite   satisfied  (satisfy) with him because he is an optimistic man with many strengths.

(2)Ladies and gentlemen, please remain   seated  (seat) until the plane has come to a complete stop.

(3)They asked me so many questions that I got   confused  (confuse) and didn't know how to answer them.

(4)(2024·新课标Ⅰ)I felt   blessed  (bless) to have such a warm-hearted friend like Gunter.

(5)What the man said was   embarrassing   and I was totally   embarrassed  .(embarrass)

(二)过去分词(短语)作表语时与被动语态的区别

过去分词(短语)作表语时，强调主语所处的状态或特征，后面不接by短语，但可以接其他的介词；而动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，强调动作，后面常接by短语。

►My grandfather was delighted to hear I passed my exams.(系表结构)

我的祖父听到我通过考试感到很高兴。

►The new tissues and organs are used to cure diseases by doctors.(被动语态)

新的组织和器官被医生用来治疗疾病。

[即时训练2]——判断句中黑体部分属于哪种结构

A．系表结构　　　 B．被动语态

(1)We are interested in collecting stamps, raising birds and fishing.  A 

(2)More than 200 people were trapped in the building by the big fire.  B 

(3)I'm a bit puzzled that I haven't heard from Tom for so long.  A 

(4)We were greatly moved by what Zhang Lili had done.  B 

(三)感觉类及物动词的动词-ing形式与过去分词作表语的区别

英语中有很多与感觉有关的及物动词，其动词-ing形式表示主动意义，即“令人有某种感觉的”，多用来修饰物；其过去分词含有被动意义，即“人被引起某种感觉的”，多用来修饰人、人的声音或表情等。

►We were surprised at what he said at the meeting.

我们对他在会上的讲话感到很惊讶。

►His words are discouraging, which made many people discouraged.

他的话令人泄气，让很多人感到灰心丧气。

[提示]  常用的这类词有：

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