Unit 2 Bridging Cultures教材助读-【状元桥·优质课堂】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第二册（人教版2019）

(9)telescope/teliskoop/ own work on the big bang theory was soon proven by 个错误。一旦该计算问 astronomers" with telescopes . A star was born. n.望远镜 题得到修正,它就证明 ③which引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词the <10>besides/br'saidz/ 大爆炸宇审论才是正确 steady state theory。 的,而不是宇宙恒稳态 prep.除.....之外(还) ④which引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词the 理论。霍金自己对大爆 adv.而且;此外 big bang theory. 炸宇审论的研究很快就 a professor at Cambridge作Fred Hoyle 的同位语 <11)brilliant /briliont/ 被天文学家用望远镜证 此处once引导时间状语从句,主句中that引导 adi.聪颖的;绝妙的 实了。一颗星星诞生了。 宾语从句。 明亮的 那么,是什么让史 So, what made Stephen Hawking a genius? 蒂芬·霍金成为一个天 brilliancen.才华;光辉 Besides'"being brilliant'"', he was brave, though 才的呢?除了聪明以 (12>be willing to do sometimes careless in what he said or did. He was 外,他还很勇敢,虽然有 sth愿意做某事 willing to say⑧ what others were afraid to 时说话或做事很粗心 say, and to dream of what others were afraid (13)furthermore 他愿意说别人不敢说的 to dream about. Furthermore1), he was quite /fa:omo:(r)/adv. 此 话,想别人不敢想的东 determined. This had helped him as a scientist 西。此外,他很坚定。 外:再者 and had helped him even more in his fight agains 这对他作为一名科学家 (14)aboveall最重要 his disease. Above all', Hawking was willing 很有帮助,而且对他与 的是:尤其是 to admit his faults . This odd combination of 疾病作斗争的帮助更 characteristics had made him one of the greatest (15)fault/fo:lt/n. 弱 大。最重要的是,霍金愿 thinkers of the 2oth and 21st centuries. 点:过错 意承认自己的错误。这 句中though后省略了hewas。what引导宾语 些特征的奇怪组合使他 find fault with 挑剔; 从句,作介词in的宾语。 成为20世纪和21世纪 批评;抱怨 ⑧此处what引导宾语从句。 最伟大的思想家之一。 what引导宾语从句,作介词of的宾语。 UNIT2 BRIDGING CULTURES 教材助读3 难词注解 教材原文 课文翻译 (1>build a bridge架 “WELCOME,XIE LEI!" “欢迎,谢蕾!” 起桥梁 BUSINESS STUDENT BUILDING BRIDGES 商科学生架起沟通桥梁 bridgen.桥梁;纽带 Six months ago, 19-year-old Xie Lei said <2>say goodbye to 六个月前,19岁的 goodbye to^{②}her family and friends and boarded 向....告别 谢蕾告别家人和朋友, a plane for London. ①It was the first time that (3> board a plane登 登上飞往伦敦的飞机。 she had left China. "I was very excited but also 上飞机 quite nervous. I didn't know ②what to expect," 这是她第一次离开中 (4) recall/r1 ko:l/ut. Xie Lei recalled*. 国。“我很兴奋,但也很 &.vi.记起;回想起 ①This/It is/was the first/... +time十that . + 紧张。我不知道会发生 (5>qualification have/haddone...这是某人第一/.....次做...... 什么,”谢蕾回忆道。 /kwplifr'keifn/n.(通 ②whattoexpect是“疑问词十不定式”结构,作 谢蕾正在中国一所 过考试或学习课程取 know的宾语。 得的)资格:学历 大学攻读商科学位,并 Xie Lei is studving for a business qualification qualify/kwplifai/vt. 来到我校进行为期一年 &.oi.(使)具备资格; at a university in China and has come to our 的交换生项目。“我选 (使)合格 university on a year-long exchange programme"."I .6. (6>a year-long exchange chose the exchange programme ③ because I wanted 择交换生项目是因为我 programme为期一年 to learn about global business and improve my 想了解全球商业和提高 的交流项目 English. My ambitionis to set up"a business 我的英语水平。我的理 (7>ambition /aembifn in China after graduation,"she explained. 想是毕业后在中国创 n.追求的目标;夙愿 ③此处because引导原因状语从句。 业,”她解释说。 At first, Xie Lei had to adapt to* life in a 野心;抱负 一开始,谢蕾不得 different country."You have to get used to"a ambitious aem 'brfos 不适应另一个国家的生 whole new life," she said. ④"I had to learn how adj.有野心的;有雄 活。“你必须适应全新 心的 to use public transport and how to ask for things 的生活,”她说。“我必 I didn't know the English names for. When I got (8)setup建立:创办 lost'), I had to ask passers-by for help1, but 须学会如何使用公共交 (9)adapt to适应 people here speak fast and use words I'm not familiar 通工具,以及如何要我 (10)get usedto习惯 with'*.I ask them to repeat themselves a lot!" 不知道英文名字的东 于(to是介词) ④how to use.. and how to ask for ..作 learn 的宾 西。当我迷路时,我不 <11>get lost迷路 语,Ididn't know the English names for 是 省略了 得不向路人求助,但这 <12> ask sb for help that/which的定语从句。 里的人语速很快,而且 向某人寻求帮助 Although some foreign students live in 使用的词我不熟悉。我 (13>be familiar with sb/ campus accommodation, Xie Lei chose to live 总让他们重复许多遍!” sth对某人/某物很熟悉 with a host family, who can help with her 虽然有一些留学生 be familiar to sb某 adaptation'"to the new culture. "When I miss 住在学校宿舍,但是谢 人熟悉..... home, I feel comforted'1s) to have a second 蕾选择了寄宿家庭,他 (14)adaptation family,"Xie Lei said. "When there's something 们可以帮助她适应异国 /aedaepteufn/n.适应; I don't know or understand, I can ask them. They are also keen to learn about China. 文化。“当我想家的时 改编本 Laura, the daughter of my host family, wants 候,拥有第二个家让我 adaptation to对..... to study in China in the future. We take turns to 感到很欣慰,”谢蕾说。 的适应 cook" each evening. They really love my stir- “当有什么我不知道或 (15) comfort 'kamfot fried tomatoes and eggs! ⑧ Laura says she 不明白的事情时,我可 n.安慰;令人感到安 always feels hungry when she smells it, so I 以问他们。他们也渴望 慰的人或事物;舒服; taught her how to cook it, too. 安逸v.安慰;抚慰 了解中国。我寄宿家庭 although引导让步状语从句,who引导定语从 <16>be keen to do sth 的女儿劳拉将来想在中 句,修饰先行词ahost family。 想要做某事;渴望做 国学习。我们每天晚上 I don'tknoworunderstand是定语从句,修饰 某事 轮流做饭。他们真的很 先行词something。此处省略了关系词that。 <17take turns to do the daughter of my host family 作 Laura 的巨 喜欢我做的西红柿炒鸡 sth轮流做某事 位语。 蛋!劳拉说,她闻到这 (18>the academic ⑧本句是so连接的并列复合句。says后是省略 种味道总是觉得饿,所 requirements学术要求 了that的宾语从句,在宾语从句中又包含wher 以我也教她怎么做。” (19)tutor/tju:ta(r)/ 引导的时间状语从句。 谢蕾的另一个挑战 n.(英国大学中的)助 Another challenge for Xie Lei is the 教:导师;家庭教师 academic requirements1s). The first time that 是学术要求。她第一次 (20) acknowledge v. she had to write an essay, her tutor'" explained 写论文时,导师跟她解 感谢:承认 that she must acknowledge②")what other people 释说,如果引用别人的 (21)cite/sart vt.引用; had said if she cited②'their ideas, but that he 观点就一定要注明,不 引述 mainly wanted to know what she thought! Xie 过导师主要是想知道她 ·7. (22) advise sb to do Lei was confused because she thought she knew 自己是怎么想的。谢蕾 sth建议某人做某事 less than other people. Her tutor advised her to 很困惑,因为她觉得自 (23>inorderto为了 read{"" lots of information in order to23) form a 己知道的比别人少。她 <24)participation wise opinion of her own. 的导师建议她多阅读资 /pa: tisr pefn/n. 参 The first timethat ...是时间状语,其中含有 加;参与 料以便形成她自己的明 that引导的定语从句,修饰time。 (25)presentation 智见解。 从句what she thought作动词不定式toknow /preznteifn/n.报告; 谢蕾还发现,许多 的宾语。 陈述;出示;拿出 课程把学生的课堂参与 Xie Lei also found many courses included presentv.展示;陈述 students'participation② in class as part of the (情况)作为期末成绩的 (26)at first首先;起初 final result. Students need to generate ideas. 一部分。学生需要提出 <27)speakup大声点 offer examples, apply concepts, and raise 想法,举出例子,应用概 说:明确表态 questions, as well as givepresentations2). At <28)a great success 念,提出问题,以及发表 first*, Xie Lei had no idea what she should 巨大的成功 演讲。刚开始,谢蕾不 <29>boost one's confidence say, but what surprised her was that she found 知道该说什么。可没过 herself speaking up7in class after just a few 增强某人的信心 几周,使她惊奇的是,她 <30>halfway through weeks. "My presentation on traditional Chinese 发现自己居然能在课堂 在......中间;在......中 art was a great success:s), which boosted my 上大胆发言了。“我对 途;到.....的一半 confidence-)." she said. "I'll use these skills 中国传统艺术的演讲非 <31>feel at home舒 back home for presentations. They'll help me 常成功,这使我信心大 服自在;不拘束 build a strong business in the future." 增,”她说。“我会用这 (32) engage/in'geid3 what引导的同位语从句whatshe shouldsay. vi.参加;参与(活动) 些技能回国做演讲。它 具体说明idea的内容;what surprisedher是主语 u.吸引(注意力、兴趣 们将帮助我在将来建立 从句;that引导表语从句。 engage in(使)从事; 一个强大的企业。” 参与 which引导非限制性定语从句,指代整个主句 的内容。 现在一年的交流已 <33)aswell as也;和 Now halfway through3" her exchange year 时间过半,谢蕾感到她 (34) involve/In'vplv Xie Lei feels much more at home"' in the UK. What 在英国的学习和生活自 v.包含;需要;涉及; seemed strange before now appears quite normal 如多了。以前似乎奇怪 影响;(使)参加 to her. "Engaging in British culture has get involved in参与; 的事情在她看来很正 helped,"she said."As well asstudying hard. 卷入;与.....有关联 常。她说:“融人英国文 <35>be fascinated by I've been involvedin social activities. British 化有所帮助。除了努力 被......迷住 people are fascinated by5 our culture and eager 学习外,我一直参与社 (36) be eager to do to learnmore about it,so I'm keen to share 会活动。英国人对我们 sth渴望做某事 my culture with them. While I'm learning 的文化很着迷,并渴望 (37)actas充当 about business, I'm also acting asa cultural 了解更多,所以我很热 (38)messenger messenger3) building a bridge between us." /mesnd3o(r)/n.送信 衷于和他们分享我的文 what seemed strange before 是what 引导的主 人;信使 化。在攻读商科的同 语从句,what在从句中作主语。 (39)edition/idfn n.(报 时,我也是一个文化使 纸、杂志)一份;(广 ④while是并列连词,用于连接两个分句,表示 者,在中外文化之间架 播、电视节目)一期、 “同时;另一方面;而且”。现在分词短语building 起了一座桥梁。” 一辑;版次 a bridge betweenus 作定语,修饰a cultural 我们将在以后的几 editv.编辑;校正 messenger。 We will follow Xie Lei's progress in later 期报纸中对谢蕾作跟踪 editor n.编辑 editions"),but for now, we wish her all the <40)wish sb all the 报道,但就目前而言,我 best(40). best祝某人好运 们祝她一切顺利。 .8. 教材助读4 难词注解 教材原文 课文翻译 <1) in the past few STUDYING ABROAD:IS IT A GOOD decades在过去的几 海外留学:好还是不好? 十年里 OR A BAD IDEA? <2)dramatic/droimeetik/ DearEditor, 尊敬的编辑 adi.巨大的;突然的; In the past few decades ', there has been a 在过去的几十年 急剧的;戏剧(般)的 a dramatic increase dramatic② increase in the number of* people ①studying 里,出国留学的人数急 急剧增加 abroad. ② Although studying abroad can bring draman.戏剧 great benefits, I think the disadvantages for 剧增加。虽然出国留学 dramatically adv. 急 剧地 young people are greater. 能带来很多的好处,但 (3>the number of ①现在分词短语studvingabroad作定语,修饰people ......的数量 我认为对年轻人来说弊 a numberof许多的; ②本句是主从复合句。although引导的让步状语 大于利。 大量的 从句,在这个从句中动名词短语studyingabroad (4)to begin with首 作主语;think后是省略了that的宾语从句。 首先,许多出国留 先;第一 To begin with'*, many students ③who study <5>expense/ik'spens/ 学的学生面临着巨大的 n. 费用;花费;开销 abroad face great economic pressure. That means living expenses 生活 经济压力。那意味着并 费用 studying abroad is just not possible for everyone. Tuition fees and living expenses" are much more 不是每个人都可以出国 (6)endup尤指经历 一系列意外后“最后 expensive than at home and could end up 留学。学费和生活费比 处于(某种境地),到 costing most families an arm and a leg". ④Studying 头来”,常用于表达不 在国内贵得多,最后可 希望或预想不到的 in China is much more convenient and can help 情况 能会花费多数家庭一大 save money. <7>cost an arm and a ③定语从句who study abroad修饰先行词many 笔钱。在国内学习要方 leg(使)花一大笔钱 <8>tremendous students。 便得多,而且可以省钱。 /tra mendos/adj. 巨 ④单个动名词短语studvinginChina作主语,谓 大的:极大的 另一个需要考虑的 (9) limited language 语动词用单数形式。 重要因素是在国外学习 skills有限的语言技能 Another important factor to consider is the <10)culture shock文 tremendous*" pressure that comes with studying 的巨大压力。学生必须 化冲击:文化冲突 <11>behave/bi heiv/ abroad. Students must learn how to live in an 学会如何在语言技能有 vt.表现vi. 8vt.表 unfamiliar environment with limited language 现得体;有礼貌 skills . Some may struggle and suffer from 限时,在一个陌生的环 behaviourn.行为 culture shock'"when learning how to behave (12>surroundings/ss 境中生活。有些人在学 raondnz/n. [pl.]环 in new surroundings . Other students are not 习如何在新环境中表现 境;周围的事物 mature"") enough to handle the challenges!"by surrounding/so'raondn themselves and may become depressed1). Some 时,可能要奋力抗争,并 adi.周围的;附近的 surroundv.围绕;环绕 students might even encounter problems with 承受文化冲击的折磨 <13)mature/motfoo(r) personal safety1s). In addition1), different -tjoo(r)/adj.成熟的 还有的学生不够成熟不 (14>handlle the challenges approaches to1s) teaching and learning may come 应对挑战 能自己应对挑战,可能 as a shock to"many students. <15>depressed/drprest/ 会变得沮丧。一些学生 adj.沮丧的;意志消 本句是定语从句,修饰先行词thetremendous 沉的 pressure,that在从句中作主语,不可省略。 甚至可能遇到个人安全 depress/dt' pres/ut. 使 howtolive..是“疑问词十不定式短语”结构 沮丧:使忧愁 问题。此外,不同的教 depressing adj. 令人 在句中作learn的宾语。 沮丧的 学和学习方法可能会让 本句是when引导的时间状语从句的省略句 depression n.沮丧 howtobehavel.作learning的宾语。 许多学生震惊。 .9. (16>encounter problems ⑧A final point to consider is that while studying 最后要考虑的一点 with personal safety abroad does have potential benefits, young 是,虽然出国留学确实 遭遇个人安全的问题 people who study in China also have a great (17)inaddition此外; 有潜在的好处,但在国 而且 future to look forward to2! As China has boomed1), the educational environment has 内学习的年轻人也可以 in addition to除..... 之外 展望美好的未来!随着 <18>approach to improved significantly2), with many great 中国的蓬勃发展,教育 ......的方法(to是介词) universities now available. They have great <19>come as a shock 环境有了显著改善,现 facilities and outstanding professors, helping to to对......是个震惊 educate young people who will contribute to23) 在有了许多优秀的大 <20) look forward to the economy and further strengthen- our country. 学。它们有很好的设施 期待:期盼 <21) boom.'bu:m.'vi. ⑧本句是主从复合句。that引导表语从句,while 和杰出的教授,帮助教 &.n.迅速发展;繁荣 在句中用作并列连词,表示“虽然”。在谓语动词 育将为经济作出贡献和 <22)sigmificantly ado. 显 著地 前用了助动词does,谓语动词用原形have,does 进一步增强国力的年轻人 significant adj.重要的; 意为“的确,确实”,对谓语动词进行了强调。 总之,不可否认出 意义重大的;显著的 who引导定语从句,修饰先行词youngpeople。 国留学有其缺点,所以 significance n. 重要 asChina hasboomed是as引导的时间状语从句。 性;意义 当你考虑出国留学时, <23>contribute to引 此处是with复合结构:with十宾语十宾补(形 你应该考虑这许多因素。 起;导致 容词),在句中作状语 (24)strengthen/strerOn/ 致以亲切的问候, vi.&.v.加强;增强; helpingtoeducate...是现在分词短语作定语 王丽(双胞胎女孩的母亲) 巩固 可以改为非限制性定语从句whichhelpto... strengthn.力量;力 气;优点 who will contribute to... country 是who引l导的 strongadj.强壮的; 定语从句,修饰先行词youngpeople。 强烈的 To sum up{), one cannot deny25) the fact strongly adv.强烈地 that studying abroad has its disadvantages, so <25to sum up总而 言之;总之 when you think about studying abroad, you (26)deny/dr'nar/ut. 否 should consider these many factors. 认;否定;拒绝 本句是so连接的并列复合句。that引导同位语 (27>in my opinion在 我看来 从句,进一步补充thefact的具体内容;so是并列连 (28) optimistic.'pptr 词,连接了两个并列句,when引导时间状语从句。 misti:k/adi.乐观的 Kind regards. 尊敬的编辑 be/remain optimistic Wang Li (mother of twin girls) about对......乐观 出国留学好还是不 optimismn.乐观;乐 DearEditor, 好?当然有缺点,但在 观主义 Is studying abroad a good idea or not? There are 我看来,优点要更多 optimistn.乐观主义者 certainly disadvantages, but in my opinion②, the <29)(be)willing to 正如我常告诉儿子的那 do sth愿意做某事 advantages are much greater. As I always tell my son. 样,对一个勇敢、乐观。 (30>gaingein/vt. 获 there are no great difficulties for a person who is 得;赢得;取得;增加 愿意努力学习的人来 brave, optimistic2s), and willing to{②"work hard! n.好处;增加 说,没什么是难事! (31>for example例如 The first advantage of studying abroad is 出国留学的第一大 <32>deal with all kinds of difficulties 处理各 优点是个人成长。你所 and the experiences you have will change you for 种各样的困难 the better. For example"), you will certainly 获得的教育和经历将使 <33>perspective /pa'spektivn.(思考 become more independent because you will have 你变得更优秀。例如, 问题的)角度;观点 to deal with all kinds of difficulties②}by yourself. 你一定会变得更加独 <34)competence Studying abroad also helps you to gain a global 立,因为你将必须自己 /kpmpitans/n.能力; perspective and improve your general competence*. 胜任;本领 处理各种困难。出国留 competent ④yougain与youhave是两个定语从句,分别修 学也有助于你获得全球 kpmpitont/adj.有能 饰the education 和 the experiences。 力的:称职的 视野,提高你的综合能力 .10. Another advantage is the increased chance (35>envoy/envou/n. 另一个优点是增加 使者:使节:代表 for cultural exchange. Chinese students can be 了文化交流的机会。中 (36>promote friendship seen as cultural envoys35)promoting friendship 国学生可以被看作是促 between n nations 促 between nations . International students in China 进国与国之间友谊的文 进国与国之间的友谊 化使者。在中国的国际 (37)cooperate with people from diverse cultural backgrounds 学生也把他们的丰富多 /kao ppareit/vi. 合 helps us view the world from different angles38) 彩的文化带到了这里。 作;协作;配合 and thus gives us more insight(3) into our own culture. 与来自不同文化背景的 cooperate with与..... 合作 人合作有助于我们从不 此处是现在分词短语作定语,修饰culturalenvoys。 同的角度看待世界,从 cooperationn.合作; 动名词短语cooperatingwith...在句中作主语 协作 而使我们更深人地了解 谓语动词用了单数形式helps,gives。 <38)angle/cengl/n.角; 自己的文化。 Finally, studying abroad provides a great 角度:立场 最后,出国留学为 opportunity to contribute to the development of (39)insightn.洞悉; 我们为祖国的发展作贡 our motherland. China's global outlook, with 深入了解 献提供了一个很好的机 projects such as the Belt 'and Road Initiative*, has (40) outlook/autlok/ 会。中国的全球前景, helped us make connectionss" across the world. n.前景;可能性;观点 包括“一带一路”倡议等 <41)belt/belt/n. 腰 Therefore, China needs more talented young people 项目,有助于我们与世 带;地带 with a global perspective who are highly 界各国建立联系。因 (42>initiative/rnfotiv/ competent with languages, have leadership and 此,中国需要更多具有 n. 倡议;新方案 organisational skills, and have strong cultural 全球视野的优秀青年, (43)make connections awareness ). Students who study abroad will 他们精通语言,具有领 取得联系 导能力和组织能力,并 <44>a global perspective develop such skills and abilities, and these in 且具有强烈的文化意 全球的视角 turn*will provide them with better career opportunities. 识。出国留学的学生将 (45>strong cultural 介词短语with aglobal perspective作定语,修 发展这些技能和能力 awareness强烈的文 饰 young people。 who are highly ... awareness是 这些反过来将为他们提 化意识 定语从句,也修饰youngpeople。 供更好的就业机会。 (46>inturn反过来; All in all, studying abroad helps to build 总之,出国留学有助 character and increase people's understanding of 依次;轮流 于在加强中国和建设所 cultural diversity while strengthening China (47)all inall总之; 有人的共享未来的同时, and building a shared future for all. I think this 总而言之 培养品格,增加人们对文 life-changing(a) 化多样性的理解。我认 <48)life-changing experience is certainly worthwhile 为这种改变人生的经历 adj.改变人生的 and I hope my child will study abroad in the future. 当然是值得的,我希望我 <49>sincerely/snsioli/ while strengtheningl.是状语从句while studying abroad is strengthening..的省略形式。 的孩子将来出国留学。 adv.真诚地;诚实地 Sincerely()yours, 谨致问候, sincereadj.真诚的; 张毅(一个男孩的父亲) Zhang Yi ( father of one boy) 诚实的 UNIT3 FOODANDCULTURE 教材助读5 教材原文 难词注解 课文翻译 CULTURE AND CUISINE" (1>cuisine/kwr zi:n/ 文化与美食 n.菜肴:风味;享任 The French author Jean Anthelme Brillat- 法国作家让·安泰 <2> put more simply Savarin once wrote, ①"Tell me what you eat. 尔姆·布里亚一萨瓦兰曾 简单地说,简而言之 and I will tell you what you are." Put more 写道:“告诉我你吃什 类似的表达还有to simply②, this means ②"You are what you eat." 么,我就会告诉你你是 put it simply。 Most people today relate this saying to"healthy 什么样的人。”简而言 ·11·