外刊改编语法填空题百日Day 23-Day 24-2025届高三英语上学期一轮复习专项

原创外刊改编语法填空题打卡Day 23 The Chinese celebrate Tang poetry as a pinnacle of their culture From: The Economist In the West poetry is a minority pursuit; in China it is woven into people’s lives. Children learn classical verse throughout their schooling, new poems celebrate births and marriages, and idiomatic speech is embroidered _____1_____ ancient couplets. The Tang lasted from 618 to 907AD. During its first half, as China flourished, the Silk Road brought luxuries, wealth and exoticism. The capital Chang’an, modern-day Xi’an, had about 1m _____2_____ (inhabitant), perhaps 5% of _____3_____ were literate. Before a rebellion knocked everything off centre in 755, it may have been _____4_____(prosper) and cosmopolitan city in the world. Verse was communal. Tian Yuan Tan, professor of Chinese at Oxford, explains that, during this time, it spread from the court into everyday life. When somebody left town, you wrote a poem. _____5_____ (dignify) a banquet, you declaimed a poem. If your friend was out _____6_____ you dropped by, you left a poem behind. Plenty of people could write Tang verse. Stephen Owen, a Harvard professor who may have translated more of it than anyone, says that, even if writing good poetry was formidably hard, everyday poems were easy to toss off—Chinese has plenty of rhymes and stock allusions. Fortunately, the best verses were rapidly anthologised, one reason so many still exist. China has hundreds of poems about the frontier. Most of them were _____7_____ (hero), but here Li He (791-817), a Late Tang maverick, instead paints a desolate picture of a barbarian threat out in the nothingness. Take his poem On the Frontier for example. A lot of Chinese poetry layers images on top of each other. In the first stanza, Li He begins with a panorama—Kokonor comes from the Mongolian word for Qinghai, a region 1,700km west of Beijing. Then he zooms in on the soldiers, down to the plates in their armour. The Evergreen Mount is the tomb of Wang Zhaojun, who _____8_____(send) as a wife to appease a Barbarian leader. The mound was supposed to be green—_____9_____ here, in the moonlight, it is drained of colour, like the steppe. And the last stanza pulls back out again. Mr Tan points out that Li He mixes scenery and emotion. The flickering star-cluster that Westerners call the Pleiades was _____10_____ omen of barbarian invasion. Although the soldiers cannot see the horde, they sense it and they are apprehensive. The Yellow River flows from the wilderness into China, unstoppable. The Chinese celebrate Tang poetry as a pinnacle of their culture From: The Economist In the West poetry is a minority pursuit; in China it is woven into people’s lives. Children learn classical verse throughout their schooling, new poems celebrate births and marriages, and idiomatic speech is embroidered with ancient couplets. The Tang lasted from 618 to 907AD. During its first half, as China flourished, the Silk Road brought luxuries, wealth and exoticism. The capital Chang’an, modern-day Xi’an, had about 1m inhabitants (inhabitant), perhaps 5% of whom were literate. Before a rebellion knocked everything off centre in 755, it may have been the most prosperous (prosper) and cosmopolitan city in the world. Verse was communal. Tian Yuan Tan, professor of Chinese at Oxford, explains that, during this time, it spread from the court into everyday life. When somebody left town, you wrote a poem. To dignify (dignify) a banquet, you declaimed a poem. If your friend was out when you dropped by, you left a poem behind. Plenty of people could write Tang verse. Stephen Owen, a Harvard professor who may have translated more of it than anyone, says that, even if writing good poetry was formidably hard, everyday poems were easy to toss off—Chinese has plenty of rhymes and stock allusions. Fortunately, the best verses were rapidly anthologised, one reason so many still exist. China has hundreds of poems about the frontier. Most of them were heroic (hero), but here Li He (791-817), a Late Tang maverick, instead paints a desolate picture of a barbarian threat out in the nothingness. Take his poem On the Frontier for example. A lot of Chinese poetry layers images on top of each other. In the first stanza, Li He begins with a panorama—Kokonor comes from the Mongolian word for Qinghai, a region 1,700km west of Beijing. Then he zooms in on the soldiers, down to the plates in their armour. The Evergreen Mount is the tomb of Wang Zhaojun, who was sent (send) as a wife to appease a Barbarian leader. The mound was supposed to be green—but here, in the moonlight, it is drained of colour, like the steppe. And the last stanza pulls back out again. Mr Tan points out that Li He mixes scenery and emotion. The flickering star-cluster that Westerners call the Pleiades was an omen of barbarian invasion. Although the soldiers cannot see the horde, they sense it and they are apprehensive. The Yellow River flows from the wilderness into China, unstoppable. 中国人将唐诗视为中华文化之巅 在西方，只有少数人对诗词情有独钟；而在中国，诗词却融入了人们的生活。孩子们会在学校学习古典诗词，人们会写诗庆祝生命的到来和婚姻，也会在传统的对联上写上祝福的诗词。 唐朝自公元618年建国至907年灭亡。在唐朝的前半期，随着国力的逐渐强盛，丝绸之路带来了奢侈品、财富和异国情调。当时的首都长安（也就是现在的西安）有大约100万居民。其中大概有5%的人识字。在755年一场叛乱摧毁了一切之前，长安可能是世界上最繁荣、最国际化的城市。 诗词是属于大家的。牛津大学中文系教授谭田元解释称，在那个时期，诗词从宫廷传播到了大街小巷中。当有人出远门时，你会写一首送行诗。为了给宴会增光添彩，你会朗诵一首诗。如果你去拜访朋友而对方不在家时，你会留下一首诗。 很多人都会写唐诗。哈佛大学教授斯蒂芬·欧文翻译的唐诗可能比任何人都多，他说，虽然写一首好诗很难，但写一首普通诗词却很容易——中文有大量的押韵和典故。幸运的是，最好的诗句很快会被选集，这也是为什么如此多的诗词能够流传至今的一个原因。 中国有数百首关于边疆的诗。它们大多都是歌颂英雄的丰功伟绩，但在这里，晚唐特立独行的诗人李贺却描绘了边塞一幅萧瑟凄凉的景象。以它的诗《塞下曲》为例。 很多中国诗词都是意象层层叠加的。在诗的第一节中，李贺以一幅全景图开始——Kokonor来自蒙古语，意为青海，位于北京以西1700公里处。 然后，镜头一转指向了士兵，生动描绘了他们盔甲上的金属鳞片。大青山是昭君墓的所在地，王昭君被派往匈奴和亲。青冢本该是绿色的，但在这里，在月光下，它失去了颜色，就像草原一样。 到了最后一节，镜头又拉了回来。谭田元指出，李贺将风景与情感融为一体。被西方人称为昴宿星的闪烁星团是蛮族入侵的预兆。虽然士兵们看不到蛮族部落，但他们能感觉到，并为此忧虑。黄河从旷野流入中国，势不可挡。 生词积累 pinnacle n. 巅峰；顶点 embroider v. 在…上刺绣；给…添枝加叶 idiomatic adj.（语言）自然地道的 couplet n.（尤为押韵等长的）对句，对联 flourish v.繁荣，昌盛 exoticism n. 异国情调；异国风味 inhabitant n.（某地的）居民，栖息动物 banquet n.宴会，盛宴 dignify v.使有尊严，使高贵；使显得堂皇，抬高……的身价 formidably adv. 可怕地；强大地；难对付地 allusion n.暗指，影射，典故 desolate adj.荒无人烟的，荒凉的 mound n.土堆，石堆 omen n.预兆，征兆；预兆性 maverick n. 思想独立的人 adj. 不正统的；异端的 panorama n. 全景；综述；概论 appease v. 抚慰；平息；缓解 原创外刊改编语法填空题打卡Day 24 How to ensure the security of the passwords Passwords are ubiquitous in computer security. All too often, they are also ineffective. A good password has to be easy to remember _____1_____ hard to guess, but in practice people seem to plump for the former over the latter. And when hackers stole 32m passwords from a social-gaming website called RockYou, it emerged that 1.1% of the site's users—365,000 people—had opted either for 123456 or for 12345. Older users had better passwords than young ones. People _____2_____ preferred language was Korean or German chose the most secure passwords; those who spoke Indonesian the least. Passwords _____3_____ (design) to hide sensitive information such as credit-card numbers were only slightly more secure than those protecting less important things, like access to games. Nag screens that told users they had chosen a weak password made virtually no difference. And users whose accounts had been hacked in the past did not make _____4_____ (dramatic) more secure choices than those who had never been hacked. One obvious answer would be for sites to limit the number of guesses that can be made before access is blocked, as cash machines do. Yet whereas the biggest sites, such as Google and Microsoft, do take such measures, many do not. A sample of 150 big websites examined in 2010 by Mr Bonneau and his colleague Sren Preibusch found that 126 made no attempt to limit guessing. How this state of affairs arose is obscure. For some sites, laxity may be rational, since their passwords are not protecting anything particularly valuable, such as credit-card details. One suggestion is _____5_____ lax password security is a cultural remnant of the internet's innocent youth—an academic research network has few reasons to worry about hackers. Another possibility is that because many sites begin as cash-strapped start-ups, for which implementing extra password security would take up valuable programming time, they skimp on it at the beginning and then never bother _____6_____(change). But whatever the reason, it behoves those unwilling to wait for websites to get their acts together to consider the alternatives to traditional passwords. One such is multi-word passwords called passphrases. Using several words instead of one _____7_____ (mean) an attacker has to guess more letters, which creates more security—but only if the phrase chosen is not one likely to turn up, through familiar usage, in a dictionary of phrases. Which, of course, it often is. One way round that is to combine the ideas of a password and a passphrase into a so-called mnemonic password. This is _____8_____ string of apparent gibberish which is not actually too hard to remember. It can be formed, for example, by using the first letter of each word in a phrase, varying upper and lower case, and substituting some symbols for others—8 _____9_____ B, for instance. Even mnemonic passwords, however, are not invulnerable. A study published in 2006 cracked 4% of the mnemonics in a sample using a dictionary based on song lyrics, film titles and the like. The upshot is that there is probably no right answer. All security is irritatin，and there is a constant ______10_____(tense) between people's desire to be safe and their desire for things to be simple. If it persists, the hacker will always get through. How to ensure the security of the passwords Passwords are ubiquitous in computer security. All too often, they are also ineffective. A good password has to be easy to remember and hard to guess, but in practice people seem to plump for the former over the latter. And when hackers stole 32m passwords from a social-gaming website called RockYou, it emerged that 1.1% of the site's users—365,000 people—had opted either for 123456 or for 12345. Older users had better passwords than young ones. People whose preferred language was Korean or German chose the most secure passwords; those who spoke Indonesian the least. Passwords designed (design) to hide sensitive information such as credit-card numbers were only slightly more secure than those protecting less important things, like access to games. Nag screens that told users they had chosen a weak password made virtually no difference. And users whose accounts had been hacked in the past did not make dramatically (dramatic) more secure choices than those who had never been hacked. One obvious answer would be for sites to limit the number of guesses that can be made before access is blocked, as cash machines do. Yet whereas the biggest sites, such as Google and Microsoft, do take such measures, many do not. A sample of 150 big websites examined in 2010 by Mr Bonneau and his colleague Sren Preibusch found that 126 made no attempt to limit guessing. How this state of affairs arose is obscure. For some sites, laxity may be rational, since their passwords are not protecting anything particularly valuable, such as credit-card details. One suggestion is that lax password security is a cultural remnant of the internet's innocent youth—an academic research network has few reasons to worry about hackers. Another possibility is that because many sites begin as cash-strapped start-ups, for which implementing extra password security would take up valuable programming time, they skimp on it at the beginning and then never bother to change (change). But whatever the reason, it behoves those unwilling to wait for websites to get their acts together to consider the alternatives to traditional passwords. One such is multi-word passwords called passphrases. Using several words instead of one means (mean) an attacker has to guess more letters, which creates more security—but only if the phrase chosen is not one likely to turn up, through familiar usage, in a dictionary of phrases. Which, of course, it often is. One way round that is to combine the ideas of a password and a passphrase into a so-called mnemonic password. This is a string of apparent gibberish which is not actually too hard to remember. It can be formed, for example, by using the first letter of each word in a phrase, varying upper and lower case, and substituting some symbols for others—8 for B, for instance. Even mnemonic passwords, however, are not invulnerable. A study published in 2006 cracked 4% of the mnemonics in a sample using a dictionary based on song lyrics, film titles and the like. The upshot is that there is probably no right answer. All security is irritatin，and there is a constant tension (tense) between people's desire to be safe and their desire for things to be simple. If it persists, the hacker will always get through. 如何确保密码的安全？ 密码在电脑安全领域的应用相当普遍。但他们往往没起什么作用。一个好密码必须具备易记及难猜两个特征，而实际上人们好像只注意到了前者而忽略了后者。当黑客在社交游戏网站盗取了3200万用户的密码后，人们才发现原来这个网站大约1.1%的用户——也就是365,000人——选择了12345或123456作为密码。 相较于年轻用户，老用户设置的用户更好。母语为韩语或德语的用户所设置的密码安全系数最高，而说印尼语的最低。被设置用来隐藏像信用卡卡号这样的敏感信息的密码，相比较于另外一些保护游戏登录入口这样不那么重要的信息所设置的密码，其安全性高不了多少。那些提醒用户设置的密码安全性较低的唠叨屏幕其实没有什么作用。相对于那些从没被黑过的，有过账户被黑经验的用户的安全防范意识也并没得到显著提高。 对网站而言，很显然，他们可以在系统上进行类似于ATM机的设置：一旦密码输入错误次数达到规定者，即封锁登录入口。然而，只有谷歌、微软这样的大型网站采取了类似的措施，很多其他网站对此不以为意。在2010年，Mr Bonneau和他的同事Sren Preibusch曾对一份囊括了150家大型网站的样本做过调查，结果显示其中126家并没有对密码输入错误次数作出限制。这种状况的出现实在是令人费解。对一些站点来说，在安全防范上的相对松弛是可以理解的，因为它们站设置的密码并非为了保护类似信用卡信息这样特别重要的内容。 有一种说法认为他们在密码上防范疏松的做法乃是源于网上那群不谙世事的年青一代的文化特征——一个专门用于学术研究的网络几乎不需担心黑客入侵。还有一种可能是许多网站在建站初期都面临资金短缺的问题，而为系统配上更安全的保护措施会消耗大量宝贵的编程时间，因此他们一开始就在这一步上偷工减料，然后再也懒得去加以改善了。无论原因何在，与其等待所有网站都建立起一个完善的密码保护系统的那一天到来，不如由我们自己想出一个传统密码的替代方案。 其中一种选择是使用密码组，它由多个词组合起来形成，使用多个词而不是一个词用作密码的优势在于：这使得破解者需要猜出更多的字母，从而提高了密码的安全性——但前提是选择的词组不能是词典里经常出现的惯用语，可惜这个前提常常未被满足。一个折中的解决办法是将普通密码和密码组的概念揉合成一种所谓的助记性密码，它是一种看起来莫名其妙的字符串，但实际上要记住并不太难。助记性密码可以这样形成：挑出一个词组里每个单词的第一个字母，可以将其中一些进行大小写变化，另外一些则用某些符号来代替，例如8代替B。 然而，助记密码也并非是牢不可破的。在2006年就有一项公布的研究成果显示一个样本里4%的助记密码遭到破解，手段是利用一部基于歌词，电影名及相似内容的字典。看来这个难题是找不到完美的答案了。任何安全措施都是烦人的。在人们对安全的需求及万事从简的愿望间存在着不可调和的矛盾。只要这种矛盾存在，黑客们就总能找到。 生词积累 ubiquitous adj. 普遍的 plump for 选中 virtually adv.事实上，几乎；虚拟地，模拟地 laxity n.松驰；放纵 rational adj.（想法、决定等）合理的 remnant n.残余部分，残迹 implement v.执行，贯彻 skimp vt.克扣；对……不够用心；舍不得给；少给 vi.节省；不够用心 behove vi.理所当然 mnemonic adj. 助记的 gibberish n.乱语；快速而不清楚的言语 substitute v.替代 invulnerable adj.无懈可击的；不会受伤害的 upshot n.结果，结局；要点 persist v.继续存在，持续；坚持 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$