外刊改编语法填空题百日Day 13-Day 14-2025届高三英语上学期一轮复习专项

原创外刊改编语法填空题打卡Day 13 Bird numbers still falling with Britain on course to miss its own wildlife targets From: The Guardian Bird populations in the UK continue to crash, new data shows, as campaigners predict the government will fail to meet its own nature targets unless radical changes are made. Statistics released by the government show that bird populations continue to decline in the long and short term. The government passed the Environment Act into law in 2021, which requires a halt in species decline by 2030. Campaigners have said that radical changes to government policy are needed if it is to meet its own legally binding targets. The problems were highlighted by the RSPB’s Big Garden Birdwatch this year, in ______1_____ house sparrows remained the most frequently observed species in gardens for the 20th year ______2_____ a row. According to ______3_____ (participate) in the survey, about 1.5m house sparrows were seen in gardens between 27 and 29 January this year. This figure has dropped by nearly 60% since the survey began in 1979. “The numbers speak for themselves when it comes to the startling declines of some of our once common birds,” said Beccy Speight, the RSPB’s chief executive. “They no longer have the abundance across the UK that they used to have. We are in a nature and climate emergency and we’ve lost 38m birds from our skies in the past 50 years.” This year, more than 500,000 people took part in the Big Garden Birdwatch, and more than 9m birds _____4______(spot). The results also identified problems faced by other common bird species, including chaffinches and greenfinches. Richard Benwell, ______5_____ chief executive of the environmental coalition Wildlife and Countryside Link, said: “As political parties turn their sights to the general election, they would do well to heed the warning written into today’s wild bird statistics. The decline of nature has continued, relentless and unabated, for decades. “Meeting the legally binding target to stop wildlife losses by the end of the next parliament can’t be achieved with a legal tweak here, some spare change there. Serious, sustained investment, proper penalties for pollution, and action in every sphere of government must be the hallmarks of any nature-positive manifesto.” Dr Richard Gregory, the RSPB’s head of science, said: “Everyone should be concerned that UK bird populations are continuing to decline as this is a crucial indicator of the condition of our environment and health of our natural world. We cannot keep publishing report after report charting the decline of the UK’s wildlife without UK governments delivering on their commitments to take urgent action to restore nature and halt wildlife decline.” “We are in a nature and climate emergency, and we need urgent action to keep common species common and save those already on the brink of ______6_____(lose). ”He pointed out that the UK is “among the most nature-depleted countries in the world, bottom of the table ______7_____(compare) to the rest of the G7”. The Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) said: “Bird populations have long been considered to provide a good indication of the broad state of wildlife in the UK. This is ______8_____ they occupy a wide range of habitats and respond to environmental pressures that also operate on other groups of wildlife. “ In addition, there are ______9_____(consider) long-term data on trends in bird populations, allowing for comparison between trends in the short term and long term. Because they are a wellstudied taxonomic group, drivers of change for birds are better understood than for other species groups, which enable better interpretation of any observed changes.” A spokesperson for Defra said: “Under the environmental improvement plan, we set out clear steps to halt the decline in species abundance by 2030 ______10_____ improve the status of wild birds and other species which play an important role in our ecosystems. We are already taking robust action to reduce key pressures on wild birds and improve their habitats.” Bird numbers still falling with Britain on course to miss its own wildlife targets From: The Guardian Bird populations in the UK continue to crash, new data shows, as campaigners predict the government will fail to meet its own nature targets unless radical changes are made. Statistics released by the government show that bird populations continue to decline in the long and short term. The government passed the Environment Act into law in 2021, which requires a halt in species decline by 2030. Campaigners have said that radical changes to government policy are needed if it is to meet its own legally binding targets. The problems were highlighted by the RSPB’s Big Garden Birdwatch this year, in which house sparrows remained the most frequently observed species in gardens for the 20th year in a row. According to participants (participate) in the survey, about 1.5m house sparrows were seen in gardens between 27 and 29 January this year. This figure has dropped by nearly 60% since the survey began in 1979. “The numbers speak for themselves when it comes to the startling declines of some of our once common birds,” said Beccy Speight, the RSPB’s chief executive. “They no longer have the abundance across the UK that they used to have. We are in a nature and climate emergency and we’ve lost 38m birds from our skies in the past 50 years.” This year, more than 500,000 people took part in the Big Garden Birdwatch, and more than 9m birds were spotted (spot). The results also identified problems faced by other common bird species, including chaffinches and greenfinches. Richard Benwell, the chief executive of the environmental coalition Wildlife and Countryside Link, said: “As political parties turn their sights to the general election, they would do well to heed the warning written into today’s wild bird statistics. The decline of nature has continued, relentless and unabated, for decades. “Meeting the legally binding target to stop wildlife losses by the end of the next parliament can’t be achieved with a legal tweak here, some spare change there. Serious, sustained investment, proper penalties for pollution, and action in every sphere of government must be the hallmarks of any nature-positive manifesto.” Dr Richard Gregory, the RSPB’s head of science, said: “Everyone should be concerned that UK bird populations are continuing to decline as this is a crucial indicator of the condition of our environment and health of our natural world. We cannot keep publishing report after report charting the decline of the UK’s wildlife without UK governments delivering on their commitments to take urgent action to restore nature and halt wildlife decline.” “We are in a nature and climate emergency, and we need urgent action to keep common species common and save those already on the brink of being lost (lose). ”He pointed out that the UK is “among the most nature-depleted countries in the world, bottom of the table compared (compare) to the rest of the G7”. The Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) said: “Bird populations have long been considered to provide a good indication of the broad state of wildlife in the UK. This is because they occupy a wide range of habitats and respond to environmental pressures that also operate on other groups of wildlife. “ In addition, there are considerable (consider) long-term data on trends in bird populations, allowing for comparison between trends in the short term and long term. Because they are a wellstudied taxonomic group, drivers of change for birds are better understood than for other species groups, which enable better interpretation of any observed changes.” A spokesperson for Defra said: “Under the environmental improvement plan, we set out clear steps to halt the decline in species abundance by 2030 and improve the status of wild birds and other species which play an important role in our ecosystems. We are already taking robust action to reduce key pressures on wild birds and improve their habitats.” 鸟类数量仍在下跌，英国可能无法实现自己设定的野生动植物保护目标 新的统计数据显示，英国的鸟类数量持续下降，活动人士预测，除非做出彻底的改变，否则政府将无法实现保护自然环境的目标。政府公布的统计数字表明，从长期和短期来看，鸟类的数量都在持续下降。 2021年，英国政府通过了《环境法案》（Environment Act），该法律要求到2030年阻止物种数下降。活动人士表示，如果要实现这一具有法律约束力的目标，政府政策就需要进行彻底改革。英国皇家鸟类保护协会（RSPB）今年的大花园鸟类观鸟活动（Big Garden Birdwatch）就突显出了这些问题，在花园鸟中，家麻雀连续20年来一直是花园中最常见到的物种。根据调查参与者的说法，今年1月27日至29日期间，大约有150万只麻雀出现在花园里。自1979年开始调查以来，这一数字下降了近60%。 “那些本来常见的物种，其数量正以惊人的程度下降，对于这一点，数字本身就说明了一切。”英国皇家鸟类保护协会首席执行官贝西·斯佩特（Beccy Speight）说，“这些物种在英国的数量不再像过去那样多了。我们的自然和气候条件正处于紧急状态，在过去的50年里，我们失去了3800万只鸟类。”今年，50多万人参加了“大花园观鸟”活动，观察到了900多万只鸟类。这一结果也说明了苍头燕雀和绿翅雀等其他常见鸟类所面临的问题。 环境联盟“野生动植物和乡村联系”（Wildlife and Countryside Link）的首席执行官理查德·本威尔（Richard Benwell）说：“随着各政党将目光转向大选，他们最好要注意到目前野生鸟类统计数据所发出的警告。”几十年来，大自然在持续衰退，残酷无情且势头不减。“要想在下一届议会更替前实现这一具有法律效力的目标，即阻止野生动植物数量下降，这里调整一下法律不靠谱，那里变通一下也不可行。相反，真正有用的是认真正经、可持续的投资，对污染者的适当惩罚，以及政府各个领域的行动，而且所有声称积极保护自然的宣言都应将这一点置于重要位置。” 皇家鸟类保护协会的科学主管查德·格雷戈里博士（Dr Richard Gregory）说：“每个人都应该关注英国鸟类数量的持续下降，因为这是表明环境状况和自然界健康状况的一个关键指标。如果英国政府不履行承诺、不采取紧急行动来恢复自然、阻止野生动物数量下降，那么我们继续发布一份又一份报告来展示英国野生动物数量下降也没有意义。我们的自然和气候正处于紧急状态，因此我们需要采取紧急行动，避免常见物种变得不再常见，拯救那些已经处于灭绝边缘的物种。”他指出，英国是“世界上自然资源消耗最严重的国家之一，在七国集团中排名垫底”。 英国环境、食品和农村事务部（Defra）表示：“长期以来，鸟类数量一直被认为是一个反映英国野生动植物总体状况的良好指标。这是因为其栖息地分布广泛，对同时影响其他野生动植物的环境压力也能做出反应。此外，还有大量关于鸟类种群发展趋势的长期数据，这些数据可以用于比较鸟类种群短期和长期的发展趋势。因为它们是一个已经得到良好研究的物种分类，而且与其他物种群体相比，促使鸟类产生变化的因素更容易理解，这也使得我们可以更好地解释任何观察到的变化。”Defra的一位发言人说：“根据环境改善计划，我们制定了明确的措施，从而能到2030年阻止物种丰富度下降，以改善野生鸟类和其他物种的生存状况，这些物种对我们的生态系统非常重要。我们已经采取了强有力的措施来减少野生鸟类面临的主要压力，并改善它们的栖息地环境。” 生词积累 on course 按计划进行 radical adj.根本的，彻底的 binding adj.(协议，承诺）有约束力的，必须遵守的 startling adj.令人吃惊的，不寻常的 unabated adj.不减弱的，不衰退的 tweak n.调整 sphere n.（活动、兴趣、专业知识的）范围，领域 chart n.图表，曲线图 v.绘制；记录 halt v.（使）停止行进；阻止，中断 robust adj.强健的，强壮的 原创外刊改编语法填空题打卡Day 14 How Long Should It Take to Grieve? From: BBC After more than a decade of argument, psychiatry’s most powerful body in the United States added a new disorder this week to its diagnostic manual: prolonged grief. The decision marks an end to a long debate within the field of mental health, steering researchers and clinicians to view intense grief as a target for medical treatment, at a moment _____1______ many Americans are overwhelmed by loss. The new diagnosis, prolonged grief disorder, was designed to apply _____2______ a narrow slice of the population who are incapacitated, pining and ruminating a year after a loss, and unable to return to previous activities. Its _____3______(include) in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders means that clinicians can now bill insurance companies for treating people for the condition. It will most likely open a stream of funding for research into treatments — naltrexone, a drug used to help treat addiction, is currently in clinical trials as a form of grief therapy — and set off a competition for approval of medicines by the Food and Drug Administration. Since the 1990s, a number of researchers have argued that intense forms of grief should be classified as a mental illness, saying that society tends to accept the suffering of bereaved people as natural and that it fails to steer them toward treatment that could help. A diagnosis, they hope, will allow clinicians to aid a part of the population that has, throughout history, withdrawn into isolation after terrible losses. “They were the widows who wore black for the rest of their lives, who withdrew from social contacts and lived the rest of their lives in memory of the husband or wife who they ______4_____(lose),” said Dr. Paul S. Appelbaum, who is chair of the steering committee ______5_____(oversee) revisions to the fifth edition of the D.S.M.“They were the parents who never got over it, and that was how we talked about them,” he said. “Colloquially, we would say they never got over the loss of that child.” “Throughout that time, critics of the idea have argued vigorously against categorizing grief as a mental disorder, saying that the designation risks pathologizing a fundamental aspect of the human experience.They warn that there will be false positives — grieving people told by doctors that they have mental illnesses when they are actually emerging, slowly but naturally, from their losses. And they fear grief will be seen as a growth market by drug companies that will try to persuade the public that they need medical treatment to emerge from mourning.“I completely, utterly disagree that grief is a mental illness,” said Joanne Cacciatore, _____6______ associate professor of social work at Arizona State University who has published widely on grief, and who operates the Selah Carefarm, a retreat for bereaved people. “When someone who is a quote-unquote expert tells us we are disordered and we are feeling very vulnerable and feeling _____7______(overwhelm), we no longer trust ourselves and our emotions,” Dr. Cacciatore said. “To me, that is an _____8______(incredible) dangerous move, and short sighted.”‘We don’t worry about grief’The origins of the new diagnosis can be traced back to the 1990s, when Holly G. Prigerson, a psychiatric epidemiologist, was studying a group of patients in late life, gathering data on the effectiveness of depression treatment." She noticed something odd: In many cases, patients were responding well to antidepressant medications, _____9______ their grief, as measured by a standard inventory of questions, was unaffected, remaining stubbornly high. When she pointed this out to psychiatrists on the team, they showed little interest.“Grief is normal,” she recalls being told. “We’re psychiatrists, and we don’t worry about grief. We worry about depression and anxiety.” Her response was, “Well, how do you know that’s not a problem?” Dr. Prigerson set out ______10_____ (gather) data. Many symptoms of intense grief, like “yearning and pining and craving,” were distinct from depression, she concluded, and predicted bad outcomes like high blood pressure and suicidal ideation.Her research showed that for most people, symptoms of grief peaked in the six months after the death. A group of outliers — she estimates it at 4 percent of bereaved individuals — remained “stuck and miserable,” she said, and would continue to struggle with mood, functioning and sleep over the long term. How Long Should It Take to Grieve? From: BBC After more than a decade of argument, psychiatry’s most powerful body in the United States added a new disorder this week to its diagnostic manual: prolonged grief. The decision marks an end to a long debate within the field of mental health, steering researchers and clinicians to view intense grief as a target for medical treatment, at a moment when many Americans are overwhelmed by loss. The new diagnosis, prolonged grief disorder, was designed to apply to a narrow slice of the population who are incapacitated, pining and ruminating a year after a loss, and unable to return to previous activities. Its inclusion (include) in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders means that clinicians can now bill insurance companies for treating people for the condition. It will most likely open a stream of funding for research into treatments — naltrexone, a drug used to help treat addiction, is currently in clinical trials as a form of grief therapy — and set off a competition for approval of medicines by the Food and Drug Administration. Since the 1990s, a number of researchers have argued that intense forms of grief should be classified as a mental illness, saying that society tends to accept the suffering of bereaved people as natural and that it fails to steer them toward treatment that could help. A diagnosis, they hope, will allow clinicians to aid a part of the population that has, throughout history, withdrawn into isolation after terrible losses. “They were the widows who wore black for the rest of their lives, who withdrew from social contacts and lived the rest of their lives in memory of the husband or wife who they had lost (lose),” said Dr. Paul S. Appelbaum, who is chair of the steering committee overseeing (oversee) revisions to the fifth edition of the D.S.M.“They were the parents who never got over it, and that was how we talked about them,” he said. “Colloquially, we would say they never got over the loss of that child.” “Throughout that time, critics of the idea have argued vigorously against categorizing grief as a mental disorder, saying that the designation risks pathologizing a fundamental aspect of the human experience.They warn that there will be false positives — grieving people told by doctors that they have mental illnesses when they are actually emerging, slowly but naturally, from their losses. And they fear grief will be seen as a growth market by drug companies that will try to persuade the public that they need medical treatment to emerge from mourning.“I completely, utterly disagree that grief is a mental illness,” said Joanne Cacciatore, an associate professor of social work at Arizona State University who has published widely on grief, and who operates the Selah Carefarm, a retreat for bereaved people. “When someone who is a quote-unquote expert tells us we are disordered and we are feeling very vulnerable and feeling overwhelmed (overwhelm), we no longer trust ourselves and our emotions,” Dr. Cacciatore said. “To me, that is an incredibly (incredible) dangerous move, and short sighted.”‘We don’t worry about grief’The origins of the new diagnosis can be traced back to the 1990s, when Holly G. Prigerson, a psychiatric epidemiologist, was studying a group of patients in late life, gathering data on the effectiveness of depression treatment." She noticed something odd: In many cases, patients were responding well to antidepressant medications, but their grief, as measured by a standard inventory of questions, was unaffected, remaining stubbornly high. When she pointed this out to psychiatrists on the team, they showed little interest.“Grief is normal,” she recalls being told. “We’re psychiatrists, and we don’t worry about grief. We worry about depression and anxiety.” Her response was, “Well, how do you know that’s not a problem?” Dr. Prigerson set out to gather (gather) data. Many symptoms of intense grief, like “yearning and pining and craving,” were distinct from depression, she concluded, and predicted bad outcomes like high blood pressure and suicidal ideation.Her research showed that for most people, symptoms of grief peaked in the six months after the death. A group of outliers — she estimates it at 4 percent of bereaved individuals — remained “stuck and miserable,” she said, and would continue to struggle with mood, functioning and sleep over the long term. 需要多久才能走出悲伤？ 经过十多年的争论，美国精神病学最强大的机构本周在其诊断手册中增加了一种新的疾病：长期悲伤。这一决定标志着心理健康领域长期争论的结束，引导研究人员和临床医生将强烈的悲伤视为医疗的目标，此时此刻，许多美国人正被损失压倒。 新的诊断，即长期悲伤症，旨在适用于一小部分人口，他们在失去亲人后的一年里丧失能力，苦苦思索，无法恢复以前的活动。 它被列入《精神障碍诊断与统计手册》意味着临床医生现在可以向保险公司收取治疗费用。它很可能为治疗方法的研究开辟一条资金流--纳曲酮，一种用于帮助治疗成瘾的药物，目前正作为一种悲伤疗法进行临床试验--并掀起了食品和药物管理局批准药物的竞争。自20世纪90年代以来，一些研究人员认为，强烈的悲伤形式应该被归类为一种精神疾病，他们说，社会倾向于接受丧亲者的痛苦是自然的，而且未能引导他们接受可能有帮助的治疗。 他们希望，一种诊断将使临床医生能够帮助人口中的一部分人，在整个历史上，这部分人在遭受可怕的损失后都会退缩到与世隔绝的状态。"他们是那些在余生中都穿着黑色衣服的寡妇，他们退出社会交往，余生都在纪念他们失去的丈夫或妻子。Paul S. Appelbaum博士说，他是监督第五版D.S.M.修订工作的指导委员会主席。"他们是永远无法摆脱的父母，我们就是这样谈论他们的。"通俗地说，我们会说他们永远无法摆脱失去孩子的痛苦。 在这段时间里，对这一想法的批评者极力反对将悲伤归类为精神障碍，说这一名称有可能将人类经历的一个基本方面病理学化。他们警告说，会出现假阳性--悲伤的人被医生告知他们有精神疾病，而实际上他们正在缓慢而自然地从损失中恢复过来。 他们担心悲伤会被药物公司视为一个增长的市场，这些公司会试图说服公众，他们需要医疗来摆脱悲痛。"我完全、彻底地不同意悲伤是一种精神疾病，"亚利桑那州立大学社会工作副教授乔安妮-卡西亚托雷说，她广泛发表了关于悲伤的文章，并经营着塞拉护理农场，这是一个为丧亲者提供的静修所。 当一个引经据典的专家告诉我们，我们是不正常的，我们感到非常脆弱，感到不知所措，我们不再相信自己和我们的情绪，"卡西亚托雷博士说。"对我来说，这是一个非常危险的举动，而且目光短浅。""我们不担心悲伤。"新诊断的起源可以追溯到20世纪90年代，当时精神病学流行病学家霍利-G-普里格森正在研究一群晚年病人，收集关于抑郁症治疗效果的数据。 她注意到一个奇怪的现象：在许多情况下，病人对抗抑郁药物的反应很好，但他们的悲伤情绪，正如一个标准的问题清单所衡量的那样，没有受到影响，仍然顽固地居高不下。当她向团队中的精神科医生指出这一点时，他们没有表现出兴趣。"悲伤是正常的，"她回忆说，他们告诉她。"我们是精神病学家，我们不担心悲伤的问题。我们担心的是抑郁症和焦虑症。" 她的回答是："那么，你怎么知道这不是一个问题呢？" 普里格森博士开始收集数据。她总结说，许多强烈悲伤的症状，如 "渴望、思念和渴求"，与抑郁症截然不同，并预示着高血压和自杀意念等不良后果。她的研究表明，对大多数人来说，悲伤的症状在死亡后的六个月内达到顶峰。她说，有一群离群索居的人--她估计有4%的丧亲者--仍然 "困顿和悲惨"，并将继续在情绪、功能和睡眠方面进行长期挣扎。 生词积累 steer v.驾驶（交通工具），掌方向盘；引导，指导 prolonged adj.长期的，持续很久的 intense adj.很大的，十分强烈的；严肃紧张的 incapacitate v.使丧失能力，使不能正常活动 pine v.（因死亡、离别） 难过，悲伤；苦苦思念 bereaved adj.丧失的；死了……的 oversee v.监管，监督 colloquially adv.口语地；用通俗语 utterly adv. 完全地 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$