Unit 4 课时作业(5)(Word练习)-【状元桥·优质课堂】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第二册（北师大版2019）

课时作业(五) (限时：40分钟) 层级一　语用巩固 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．Firewood is in great demand during winter months, so the supply should be increased. 2．It is a custom in western countries to have a bath after getting up in the morning. 3．We will do our utmost to help those unfortunate (不幸的) people. 4．The musical society I belong to is only loosely (松散地) organised. 5．You can never please all of them；some will criticise (批评) you whatever you do. 6．“Let the cat out of the bag” is an idiom meaning to tell a secret by mistake. 7．We must allow that he is a very clever politician (政治家)． 8．I understand from John that you wish to have an agent (代理人) in this market. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．Such are (be) the facts that they deserve our respect. 2．Down came (come) the rain and up went the umbrellas. 3．Among these people is (be) his friend Jim, who is a comedian. 4．That famous politician (political) was murdered many years ago. 5．The owner fastened the belt loosely (loose) around the pet dog's neck. 6．She is calling on her staff to adopt a different approach to the problem. 7．With the time for graduation approaching (approach), we are busy with our papers. 8． Criticised/Having been criticised (criticise) by his teacher, Tom was a little annoyed. 9．Please find more details about the origin and history of both common idioms (idiom) and rare ones. 10． Unfortunately (fortunate) on April 16, a fire destroyed the spire(尖顶) of the 850-year-old cathedral, and two-thirds of the roof. Ⅲ.选词填空 aside from, end up, on one's own, set up, make sense, in particular, be related to, let alone 1．What he said at the academic conference didn't make sense at all. 2．There isn't enough room for us, let alone any guests. 3．We decided to set up a camp for the night. 4．The topic you choose must be related to your studies. 5．I had to go to the cinema on my own because all the other boys were busy. 6．If you don't know what you want, you might end up getting something you don't want. 7． Aside from food and water, these people need medical attention. 8．Developed countries, in particular , should bear the responsibility for environmental problems. Ⅳ.单句写作 1．窗户边坐着一个年轻人，手里拿着一本杂志。 By the window sat a young man with a magazine in his hand. 2．如果我是你，我就会注意汉语的习语和短语。(idiom) If I were you, I would pay attention to Chinese idioms and phrases . 3．当太阳升起的时候，所有的山脉和树木都沐浴在阳光下。(bathe) When the sun rises，all the mountains and trees are bathed in sunshine . 4．他们想出了几种方法来解决这个问题，但一些方法并不实用。 　They came up with several approaches to solving the problem　, but some were not practical. 层级二　素养提升 Ⅴ.阅读七选五 How to Succeed in Science To succeed in science, you need a lot more than luck.In my view, you have to combine intelligence with willingness not to follow conventions when they block your path forward.Thus, these have come to be my rules for success. •　1　 That might sound proud, but the fact is that you must always turn to people who are brighter than yourself.It's like playing any game.Even as a child, I never wanted to play games with anyone who was as bad as I was.If you win, it gives you no pleasure.And in the game of science or life, the highest goal isn't simply to win; it's to win at something really difficult.　2　 •Take risks. To make a huge success, a scientist has to be prepared to get into deep trouble.If you are going to make a huge jump in science, you will very likely be unqualified to succeed by definition.　3　 This can be more than personally upsetting. •Never do anything that bores you. My experience in science is that someone is always telling you to do things, and then leave you alone.I'm not good enough to do well in something I dislike.　4　 It's very hard to succeed if you don't want to be with other scientists—you have to go to key meetings where you find key facts that would have escaped you.And you have to chat with your competitors, even if you find them unpleasant.So my final rule is: 　5　 A．Avoid foolish people. B．Meet challenges with great courage. C．In fact, I find it hard to do well in something I like. D．If you can't stand to be with your real peers, get out of science. E．Be sure you always have someone to save you from a deep mess. F．Besides, you even have to be prepared to disbelieve your scientific heroes. G．Put another way, it's to go somewhere beyond your ability and come out on top. 语篇导读 主题语境：人与自我/善于学习。本文为说明文，介绍了在科学研究方面如何取得成功的三个建议。 1.答案　A 解析　总分关系。空处为本段小标题。根据下文可知，我们要向比我们更聪明的人求助，A项“避开愚蠢的人”可以作为小标题，概括本段内容，故选A项。 2. 答案　G 解析　解释关系。根据上文可知，在科学中最高的目标不是获胜，而是战胜困难。G项(换句话说，就是去超出你能力范围的某个地方，然后拔得头筹)符合语境，是上文的另一个说法，故选G项。 3. 答案　F　 解析　并列关系。根据小标题Take risks和上文可知，如果想在科学方面取得飞跃，可能要不走寻常路，要有质疑精神，不要迷信以前的成功者。F项(此外，你要准备好不相信心目中的英雄人物)符合语境，上下文都属于“冒险”的范畴，故选F项。 4.答案　C 解析　对照关系。自己不喜欢的事情不容易做好。C项(事实上，我发现在我喜欢的事情上很难做好)与上文承接自然，指即使自己喜欢的事情也很难做好，故选C项。 5.答案　D 解析　概括关系。根据上文可知，此处表示如果你不想和其他科学家在一起，你就很难成功，故选D项。 Ⅵ.语法填空 My 9-year-old son was diagnosed with autism(自闭症) 1. the age of 3.Although he has challenges, he has an insight to die for.He has the ability 2. (see) and appreciate many things 3. I have walked past my whole life without seeing.He has shown me that there are letters and numbers everywhere.For example, a parking spot is the number 11.While 4. (wait) in the line at the post office, he sees the line separator as the letter M．He loves 5. (tree), and is fascinated with the moon.He 6. (teach) me so much every day.He once wanted a globe and a wall clock for his birthday.He told me he was a scientist, and I believed him.I am not 7. same person I was before giving birth to him. He is considered to be disabled, but in many ways he is 8. (abnormal) able-bodied.He literally has 10/10 vision.According to the eye doctor, he sees 10 times 9. (far) and 10 times closer than the average person.He is 10. (gift), and I will never look at some things the same. 语篇导读 主题语境：人与自我/生活与学习。本文为记叙文，主要介绍了作者的儿子患有自闭症，却表现出特别的洞察力。作者认为儿子教会了自己很多东西。 1．答案　at　 解析　考查介词。句意：我9岁的儿子在3岁时被诊断出患有自闭症。at the age of在……岁时。 2．答案　to see　 解析　考查非谓语动词。句意：他有能力看到和欣赏很多我这辈子都没注意到的东西。此处应用不定式作后置定语修饰名词ability。 3．答案　that/which　 解析　考查引导词。此处为定语从句修饰先行词things，先行词在从句中作宾语，指物，用关系代词that或which。 4．答案　waiting　 解析　考查特殊句式和非谓语动词。句意：在邮局排队的时候，他把行分隔符看成字母M。在while引导的状语从句中，当从句主语和主句主语一致且从句含有be的某种形式时，可省略从句的主语和be动词，从句完整形式为While he is waiting in the line at the post office，相当于省略了he is。 5．答案　trees　 解析　考查名词的数。句意：他爱树，也对月亮着迷。tree为可数名词，上文没有冠词，用复数形式表泛指。 6．答案　teaches　 解析　考查时态和主谓一致。句意：他每天都教我很多东西。根据下文every day可知，此处为一般现在时，主语为he，谓语用第三人称单数形式。 7．答案　the　 解析　考查冠词。句意：我已经不是生他之前的那个我了。此处为短语the same表示“同一，一样”。 8．答案　abnormally　 解析　考查词性转换。句意：人们认为他有残疾，但在许多方面他的残疾完全正常。此处作状语修饰形容词able-bodied应用副词abnormally。 9．答案　farther　 解析　考查比较等级。句意：据眼科医生说，他看得比普通人远，近10倍。根据下文10 times closer than the average person可知，此处应用比较级farther，表示“更远”。 10．答案　gifted 解析　考查词性转换。句意：他很有天赋，我对某些事情的看法也改变了。作表语，表示“有天赋”应用形容词gifted。 Ⅶ.小作文 我们都曾遇到或听说过些生活中的趣事，请用英语写一篇80词左右的短文，与同学们分享一件发生在你或你朋友身上的趣事吧。 One possible version： One day, my friend drove his car to meet his sister at the station. When he found there was still quite some time before the train arrived, he decided to take a little nap. He was about to fall asleep when a young lady came and asked him the time.My friend opened his eyes and answered “half past eight”. The woman left with a “Thank you”. After a short while this happened again, so my friend wrote “I don't know the time！” on a piece of paper and put it on the window of his car. But only a few minutes later, an old man came and woke him up, “Hi, young man, I can tell you the time. It's nine o'clock now！” 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$