Unit 4 Section 读后续写微讲堂(课件PPT)-【状元桥·优质课堂】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第二册（人教版2019）

HISTORY AND TRADITIONS UNIT 4 读后续写微讲堂 　 英语　必修　第二册 　 英语　必修　第二册 　 英语　必修　第二册 　 英语　必修　第二册 　 英语　必修　第二册 　 英语　必修　第二册 　 英语　必修　第二册 　 英语　必修　第二册 　 英语　必修　第二册 　 英语　必修　第二册 　 英语　必修　第二册 　 英语　必修　第二册 　 英语　必修　第二册 　 英语　必修　第二册 　 英语　必修　第二册 　 英语　必修　第二册 　 英语　必修　第二册 　 英语　必修　第二册 制 作 者：状元桥 适用对象：高中学生 制作软件：Powerpoint2010、 Photoshop cs3 运行环境：WindowsXP以上操作系统 读后续写入门篇之设计有效对话(一) 对话是记叙文中刻画人物性格、推动故事情节发展、增加故事生动性的重要表现手法。恰当、有效的对话描写能为文章增光添彩。但许多学生在续写过程中容易大篇幅地使用无效对话，让文本似流水账，枯燥无味。一般可将学生日常习作中常见的无效对话概括为三类：偏离人设的对话、可有可无的对话和偏离故事发展主线的对话。微讲堂将分两讲通过例子逐一阐述，并展示有效对话的转换和有效对话的赏析。 【典例】 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 The winter of 1820 was a cold one for the Lincolns.It snowed nearly every day and the snow was high around their little farm house. Abe Lincoln was just a boy，but he helped his father Tom around the farm.He looked after the house, milked the cow and prepared the dinner.It was hard work and there wasn't much fun for him and his brothers and sisters.Abe liked reading books, but there was no book there.Abe was not happy.He was sad most of the time and seldom talked or smiled. Mrs Lincoln, Abe's stepmother, really loved the boy.She noticed the boy's silence and was concerned about him.She tried to think of ways to make Abe happy. One day Mrs Lincoln got up early in the morning.She took all the pennies from a small box. “I'm going to town tomorrow，” she said. “You're going to town？” Tom Lincoln asked.He was surprised. “That's a long way.You see, the snow is high.What are you going to do in town？Can't you make it another day when the snow stops？” “It's a surprise.And I must go there tomorrow！” she said with a determined voice. “Do you want Abe or me to go with you？” Tom asked his wife the next day. “No, don't worry! I'll be all right，” she said and went out of the house. Walking in high snow was very difficult.It took Mrs Lincoln a long time to get to the town.She bought something in town and wrapped it carefully.Then she started back. 注意：续写词数应为150左右。 Paragraph 1： It was late in the evening when she got home. _________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2： Abe's eyes became very wide.______________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ [语篇解读] 该文主要讲述了亚伯拉罕·林肯的故事。他在家中是一个沉默寡言的孩子，唯一的爱好就是看书。继母为使他高兴，在冬季某天特地冒着风雪为他去镇上买礼物(书) 的事。通过这件事作者歌颂无私伟大的母爱。根据所给段首句推测可得，第一段所需续写内容可以为母亲回家后的场景(包括将礼物给亚伯拉罕)，第二段续写内容可以是亚伯拉罕看到礼物后的反应及其他(母亲对礼物的解释、母子间的互诉衷肠等)。以下将举例解析续写段落中的对话设计。 一、偏离人设的对话与可有可无的对话 “言为心声”，不同思想、不同经历、不同地位、不同性格的人，其语言也是不同的。因此，在写对话时要与人物的身份、职业、地位、经历相符。与之不相符的对话即为偏离人设的对话。而可有可无的对话是指对故事发展、人物形象塑造不起作用的对话，即使删去，也不影响读者了解故事发展。在读后续写中，由于时间、篇幅的限制，应尽量减少可有可无的对话使文章更简练精悍。偏离人设和可有可无的对话都属于无效对话。 学生案例1 请阅读下面段落，试判断文中对话(斜体字)是否有效，并说明理由。 (Para.1)It was late in the evening when she got home.Everyone had gone to sleep except Abe.“Where did you go？It's too late and you seem frozen.” Abe asked with a blanket on his hands. “Well, I went to the town…” “I think you really need a cup of hot milk，” said Abe who put the blanket on his mother's shoulder.As he went to the kitchen, his mother took out the book she bought, thinking what she had done was worthwhile. “Here you are.” Abe passed the milk to her. “Wait, I have something for you too.” [习作品析] 属于无效对话。理由：该段描述了母亲回家后的场景，家里只有亚伯拉罕还未睡，他询问母亲去哪了，并送上毯子，期间母亲回答去了镇上后马上被打断。然后亚伯拉罕进厨房拿了牛奶出来，母亲适时说出自己也为他准备了礼物。就内容而言，该学生构思的场景合乎逻辑，与上下文衔接顺畅。但在表述上，该生使用了大量对话，许多对话是无效的。例如，“Where did you go? It's too late and you seem frozen.”带有质问和责备的语气；接着，母亲回答“Well，I went to the town…”语意未尽时，Abe又 抢着说“I think you really need a cup of hot milk.”打断了母亲的话，且语气不甚客气，不符合文中乖巧懂事的儿子(Abe Lincoln was just a boy, but he helped his father Tom around the farm.)对爱他的母亲说话的态度。以上对话不符合人物设定身份，即偏离人设的对话，属于无效对话。又如倒数第二句对话“Here you are.”表达的是Abe递牛奶的动作，与“Abe passed the milk to her”所述情节相同，若删去，对情节推动、人物塑造等方面无影响，因此该句话语在此段中的作用可有可无，也属于无效对话。 [尝试修改] It was late in the evening when she got home.Everyone had gone to sleep except Abe.With a blanket on his hands, Abe asked mom where she had been.“Well, I went to the town and you'll know soon.” As she said, Abe put the blanket on her shoulder, and then went to the kitchen to fetch a cup of hot milk.At that time, his mother took out the book she bought.As Abe passed the milk to her, Mom said, “Surprise for you, my dear.” [名师点评] 改进后的习作中删除了不符合人物身份和可有可无的对话，仅留下两句母亲说的话。第一句表明母亲的去向，解除Abe的疑惑，第二句说明有惊喜给Abe，引出后续情节。 二、偏离故事主线的对话 每篇记叙文都有一条故事发展的主线，在读后续写中，所续写的内容仍要延续故事发展的主线。而在续写过程中，一些对话看似自然，既符合人物身份，也能推动情节发展，但会导致情节的发展方向偏离主线，这也是种无效对话。 学生案例2 请阅读下面段落，试判断文中对话(斜体字)是否有效，并说明理由。 (Para.1) It was late in the evening when she got home.When she got home, she found that the light was still on.Then she took off the coat covered with snow.To her surprise, Abe hadn't gone to sleep.He smiled and said, “I have prepared the dinner for you.” Mom said, “Thank you, Abe, but you can't stay up late.Now, go to sleep quickly.” After that Abe went back to the room and Mom went to have dinner.At that moment, the tears flowed on Mom's face slowly. [习作品析] 属于无效对话。理由：该段描述了母亲回家已晚，令她惊奇的是Abe还未睡觉。他微笑着告诉母亲已为她准备好晚饭。母亲道谢后叫 Abe赶紧去睡，于是Abe回了自己房间，母亲开始吃饭，并感动得流下眼泪。就内容而言，本段发展合乎逻辑，与上文衔接恰当，但与所给出的第二段段首句衔接不当。根据第二段段首句(Abe's eyes became very wide.)可推测Abe可能因为看到了母亲给他买的礼物，所以眼睛睁得大大的。而此情节在本段中并 未体现。分析可知，母亲对Abe说的话“…you can't stay up late, now, go to sleep quickly.”与文章发展主线(母亲冒雪为Abe买礼物)无关，甚至阻碍了母亲给Abe礼物的情节，属于无效对话，可删除。 [尝试修改] It was late in the evening when she got home.When she got home, she found that the light was still on.Then she took off the coat covered with snow.To her surprise, Abe hadn't gone to sleep.He smiled and said, “I have prepared the dinner for you.” Mrs Lincoln said, “Thank you, Abe.I also have a surprise for you.” Then she took out a well-wrapped gift. [名师点评] 改进后的习作删除了偏离主线发展的母亲的话语，使续写第一段和第二段之间衔接更连贯。 $$