完形填空解题技巧 导学案-2025届高三英语上学期一轮复习专项

授课主题 完形填空解题技巧S 课 堂 导 入 专题导入 图一 图二 图三 What do you see from the three pictures? 格式塔心理学: 当看见不完整的事物时，人们根据脑子里对事物的完整概念，会在思想上把它补全. 补全心理 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 知 识 讲 解 知识点梳理 完形填空解题技法 一、完形填空的主要特点 1．体裁多为记叙文和夹叙夹议文，兼有说明文和议论文。首句不设空，且首句往往有与本文的主要事件相关的时间、地点等背景信息，它是文章的关键句，也是了解整篇文章的一个窗口。 2．题目多为行文逻辑题，词语搭配题、语法题和文化常识题(相对较少)，有效地考查考生的语篇把握能力和考生对词汇、语法的掌握能力。 3. 具体挖空的时候遵循“重复原则”，即挖去的词通常都在保留的上下文中给出解题的线索 二、完形填空的解题步骤 1．通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。 2．瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先做有把握的问题，对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示。 3．复读全文，解决疑难。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。 4．再次复读，弥补疏漏。全部做好后，考生务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯。 ( 通览------试填-----复核 ) 完形填空解题技法(一) 首句概览法 在完形填空中，一般情况下，文章第一句话会交代人物的姓名、身份或事件发生的时间、地点等，然后再介绍事件的发生、发展及结果。 利用首句确定文章的体裁：如果文章开头交代事情发生的时间、地点以及人物等，这很可能就是一篇记叙文；如果文章开门见山点明话题或作者的观点，那么很可能就是说明文或议论文。 例题精讲 1．(2022·辽宁高考)When Glen Kruger picked a small cat from an animal shelter，he did not expect much.Yet right from the start，eight years ago，there was an uncommon connection between him and the small black cat.He 36(named) her Inky. ... 2．(2022·重庆高考)I became a gardener when I was twelve.My early 36(intention) of gardening may not have originated from my love for nature. It was to 37(annoy) my parents. ... 【技巧点拨】　 完形填空的首句或前几句话一般是完整的，这样便于考生理清思路，抓住文章的线索。由首句的提示及上下文之间的关系便能进一步了解短文的内容，为正确解题提供了依据。所以考生在做题时，若能认真读懂首句或前几句，就可以根据它们判断出文章的大意或主题，这样有助于有效地完成完形填空。 课堂检测 It was a busy morning, about 8：30, when an elderly gentleman in his 80s came to the hospital. I heard him saying to the nurse that he was in a hurry for an appointment(约会)at 9：30. The nurse had him take a 36 in the waiting area, 37 him it would be at least 40 minutes 38 someone would be able to see him... 36. A．breath　　 B．test　　 C．seat　　 D．break 37. A．persuading B．promising C．understanding D．telling 38. A．if B．before C．since D．after 完形填空解题技法(二) 语境推测法 　　　近几年高考英语完形填空题的最大特点是——重点考查语境。所谓语境，就是指文章的上下文关系，它包括文章语气的一致性、意思的连贯性、表述的合理性、论证的逻辑性等。 对于记叙文，文章以叙述为主，绝大部分篇幅是作者在描述事件，较少点明作者的观点。而作者的态度及观点往往隐含在叙述中，因此，这类试题常会出现作者的态度与观点隐性的跳跃式变换，增加了情景的迷惑性和干扰性，这就要求考生在理解上下文的基础上，通过语境辨析词语，作出选择。 例题精讲 1．(2022·江苏高考)．..Travelers have ended up 51 on mountains，and mobile phones have saved countless lives... 51． A. hidden B．lost C．relaxed D．deserted 2．(2022·重庆高考)．..Regardless of their 50(dislike)，I kept on planting my garden and 51 to enjoy the pleasure of gardening.Plants make such good companions：they breathe，they bloom，they 52 to care and love.... 51．A. decided B．stopped C．continued D．struggled 52．A. devote B．turn C．respond D．lead 【技巧点拨】　 因为完形填空主要考查考生对语境的理解，空格的前后多有暗示(后文暗示前文的居多)，所以考生在做题时，一定要从整体上把握文章内容，弄清文章的结构和文章的内在逻辑关系，结合语境辨析所给选项，从中选出正确答案。对于那些一时无法确定答案的题，考生不要仅局限于空格前后的小范围语境，要把视野扩大到全文，有时，一旦和整篇短文联系起来，考生就会豁然开朗，很容易选出答案。 课堂检测 　(1)(2022·四川高考)．..He 38 the flashlight into the woods and noticed a ladder... 38． A. led B．put C．drove D．shone (2)(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)．..For him, writing was a necessity. It also turned out to be the best way for us to get back in touch. Because we live in an age of 38 communication(通讯), people often39(forget)that they don't always have to phone or email... 38. A．poor B．easy C．popular D．busy 完形填空解题技法(三) 上下文呼应法 　　　上下文呼应法就是考生在做完形填空题时，必须注意上下文的连贯性及逻辑性，在了解文章大意的基础上，要按文章的先后顺序，对每道题所给词语的确切含义进行分析比较，并考虑到全文的语境，做到瞻前顾后，上下文呼应，运用逻辑思维进行答题的一种方法。 例题精讲 1．(2022·江苏高考)．..45(Also)，many jobs and careers require people to be 46 ．.. ...The ability to be“connected”and“on”has many 50(advantages)，as well as disadvantages... 46．A. connected　　　　　　　B．trained C．recommended D．interested 2．(2022·江苏高考)．..The desire to be connected has brought solitude to a(n) 39(end) as we've known it.People have become so 40 in the world of networks and connections that one can often be contacted 41(even if) they'd rather not be... ...Being reachable might feel like a 47(burden) to those who may not want to be able to be contacted at all times. ... 40．A. sensitive B．intelligent C．considerate D．reachable 【技巧点拨】　 做此类完形填空时，应该注意以下两点： (1)注意上下文的信息提示：信息提示出现在前文时，可以直接根据前文的信息提示确定答案；信息提示出现在后文时，考生应该先把此空暂时搁置，在理解了后文意义之后再确定答案。 (2)通读全文，利用复现词语：在完形填空试题中，一些词语会重复出现在语篇之中。把握这些反复出现的词语，有利于考生确定正确答案。 课堂检测 (2020·陕西高考)．..On the way, I27(saw)a busker(街头艺人)，with a hat in front of him...He 30(looked)like that type—young and ragged. 31(But)what was I going to spend the money on？Only to feed my addiction to Coca－Cola or chocolate！I then32(realized)I had no right to place myself above33(him)just because he was busking. I 34(stopped)and dropped all the coins into his 35 ， and he smiled at me. I watched for a while. As36(selfish)as it sounds, I expected something more to come from that moment—a feeling of37(happiness)or satisfaction, for example. But nothing happened. 38(Disappointedly), I walked off. “It proved to be a waste of 39 ， ”I thought. 35. A．rag B．hat C．pocket D．counter 39. A．words B．effort C．space D．money 完形填空解题技法(四) 文化背景法 文化背景法是考生根据自己已经掌握的或具备的文化背景和生活常识，如科学、历史文化，风俗民情等方面的知识，对完形填空中出现的相关问题作出分析与判断的方法。 例题精讲 1．(2022·课标全国卷)Body language is the quiet，secret and most powerful language of all！It speaks 36 than words... 36．A. straighter B．louder C．harder D．further 【易错警示】　 此题易误选straighter，因为我们认为身势语在交流中更加直接忽视了前面一句中的secret对身势语的限定。 2．(2022·课标全国卷)．..But whatever the situation，the best 54(advice) is to obey the Golden Rule：treat others as you would like to be 55 ． 55．A. noticed B．treated C．respected D．pleased 【技巧点拨】　 由于完形填空命题的基本形式是独立的语篇，它以自身的内容提供完整的语篇信息，因此，考生在做题时应该：1.利用英语国家的文化背景知识(包括英语国家的风俗习惯、历史事件、地理位置等)；注意中西方文化的差异；简化复杂的分析与判断过程。2.结合生活常识，避免常识性错误。完形填空文章的内容与日常生活相关，因此当考生对语言的把握不准确时，可充分利用社会知识和科普知识来帮助自己判断，这就要求考生平时既要多体验生活，又要博览群书。 课堂检测 　(2020·陕西高考)I 34 and dropped all the coins into his 35 (hat), and he smiled at me. I watched for a while. As 36 as it sounds, I expected something more to come from that moment—a feeling of 37 or satisfaction, for example... 34. A．waited B．followed C．stopped D．arrived 36．A. selfish B．awkward C．innocent D．special 37．A. happiness B．sadness C．love D．hate 完形填空解题技法(五) 语篇意识法 语篇一般指比句子长的语言单位，如句群、段落、篇章等。语篇与语篇之间往往有表明其内在联系的词语，这些词语被称为“语篇标志语”。如表示结构层次的语篇标志语有firstly, secondly, thirdly, finaly等；表示因果关系的有thus, therefore, so等；表示改变话题的有by the way, on the contrary等；表示递进关系的有besides, what's more, further等；表示时间关系的有before, so far, yet, meanwhile, later等；表示转折关系的有but, while等。而依据“语篇标志语”对完形填空中出现的问题作出分析推断而最后得出正确答案的过程就是语篇意识法。 例题精讲 (2020·辽宁高考)．..46(Lying) in a pool of blood on the basement floor，Kruger felt 47(himself) going into shock(休克)．He shouted for help, 48 his wife，Brenda，was asleep in their bedroom at the opposite end of the house. 49 Kruger noticed Inky watching from the top of the stairs. “Go get Brenda，”Kruger said to Inky.... 48．A. and B．but C．or D．so 49．A. Thus B．Otherwise C．Then D．Rather 【技巧点拨】 考生做题时如果能充分考虑这些语篇标志语，就可以迅速理清文章的脉络，弄清上下文之间的关系。 课堂检测 　(1)(2022·江西高考)That holiday morning I didn't have to attend school.Usually，on holidays，Mother 36(allows) me to sleep in.And I would certainly take full advantage of it.On this particular morning， 37 ，I felt like getting up early.... 37．A. otherwise B．therefore C．however D．besides (2)(2020·辽宁高考)When I first entered university, my aunt, who is an English professor, gave me a new English dictionary. I was36(surprised)to see that it was an English－English dictionary, also known as a monolingual dictionary. 37 it was a dictionary intended for non－native learners, none of my classmates had one 38 ， to be honest, I found it extremely39(difficult)to use at first. I would look up words in the dictionary and 40 not fully understand the meanings. 37．A. Because B. Although C. Unless D. If 38．A. but B. so C. or D. and 40．A. thus B. even C. still D. again 完形填空解题技法(六) 人物情感、态度透析法 由于作者在写作的过程中，难免会夹杂自己的情感，因此在做题的过程中，考生要仔细体会作者对所描写的人物或者发生的事件的态度，这样将有助于确定正确的答案；同时，考生在平时也要多注意某些形容词及与之相对应的副词的用法。 例题精讲 1．(2022·陕西高考)．..Barking 37(loudly) into the air，the dog 38(searched) through the woods until he found the 39(house)．But the girl was not there，so he headed back to the woods.Much to his 40 ，he saw his mistress' blue shirt in the distance... 40．A. satisfaction B．disappointment C．embarrassment D．delight 2．(2022·重庆高考)．..45(However)，my parents showed no interest in my garden.My father even 46(shouted) at me because he found it was 47(troublesome) to move around my garden to the driveway.To my mother's 48 ，I put in her vase my real roses which，in her eyes，were simply weeds 49(rather than) flowers.... 48．A. sadness B．displeasure C．delight D．relief 【技巧点拨】　 四步法理解作者意图或态度 首先，完形填空的短文是一个完整的语篇，考生必须结合上下文语境综合考虑。 其次，重视首句信息的提示作用，因为它是解题的突破口，同时也或多或少地暗示了作者的写作意图；其次，要抓住描述作者思想情感的词，通常为形容词或副词；最后，疏通全文。考生应在理解大意和把握细节的基础上揣摩作者的写作意图，通过作者的语气和用词来把握作者的情感和态度，切忌主观臆断。 课堂检测 　(2021·北京高考)．..With my 52 self－confidence comes more praise from teachers and classmates. I have gone from“ 53 ”in the back of the classroom and not wanting to call attention to myself, 54 raising my hand—even when I sometimes wasn't 100 percent 55 I had the right answer. Now I have more self－confidence in myself. 52. A．expressed B．improved C．preserved D．recognized 53. A．dreaming B．playing C．relaxing D．hiding 54. A．by B．for C．with D．to 55. A．lucky B．happy C．sure D．satisfied 完形填空解题技法(七) 结构分析法 所谓结构分析法，就是通过语法分析，迅速弄清句子的结构，把握句子的基本框架。基本步骤：首先，判断该句是简单句、并列句还是复合句；其次，找出句子的核心成分，分清主语和谓语，再分清句子的附属成分。 例题精讲 1．(2022·福建高考)．..I was growing up in Kuala Lumpur in the early 1960s， 38 children from different races and religions played and studied 39(together) in harmony... 38．A. why　　　　　　　　B．which C．how D．when 2．(2022·江西高考)．..There he was，working hard at his small business,48(waving) at passers­by and stopping to chat now and then 49 elderly men and women on their way to the market nearby. ... 49．A. about B．for C．with D．like 【技巧点拨】 做此类完形填空题时应注意使用以下方法： 1. 较复杂单句的处理方法——找主语、谓语，即找句子主干。较复杂的单句在高考试卷中经常出现，所以应引起考生的充分重视。 2. 并列复合句的处理方法——找并列连词。 3. 主从复合句的处理方法——找从属连词。 4. 并列句和主从复合句并存的处理方法——先读懂并列复合句，再看主从复合句。 5．介词的判定——借助于固定搭配或者前后文的语境。 课堂检测 (1)(2022·四川高考)Lightning flashed through the darkness over Sibson's bedroom skylight(天窗)．Sibson was shaken by a clap of thunder 21 he knew what was happening.The storm had moved directly 22 his two­story wooden house.Then he heard the smoke alarm beeping. ... 21．A. before B．while C．since D．until 22．A. on B．in C．through D．over (2)(2022·浙江高考)．.. 23 he had not seen it in more than 20 years，he recognized it 24(immediately)．... 23．A. After B．When C．Since D．Although 完形填空解题技法(八) 语境分析辨词义法 词义辨析题是完形填空考查的主要题型，该题型考查学生在具体的语境中准确运用词汇的能力。做题时要考虑各个单词的具体含义，并且要结合语境来确定答案。该题型并不侧重考查考生对近义或同义词的辨析能力，而是侧重考查考生对语境的理解是否透彻、是否准确。 例题精讲 (2022·陕西高考)One sunny afternoon，a seven­year­old girl went for a walk.She crossed a large area of grassland into the woods 26(before) she realised that she was lost. ...29(When) it was getting dark，she saw a small，dark wooden house.She opened the door and30(cautiously) stepped in.Suddenly，she heard a strange noise，and she ran out of the door and back to the 31 .Cold and tired，she fell asleep near a 32 . ...He 41(jumped) over some bushes and saw the little stream，where the girl was 42(asleep)． When she opened her eyes and 43 her dog standing beside her，the girl said，“you 44(rescued) me，Laddy，”and she kissed him several times... 31．A.trees B．bushes C．woods D．grasses 32．A.stream B．rock C．tree D．house 43.A.spotted B．watched C．observed D．saw 【技巧点拨】　 此类题型要求考生既要注意在平时的学习中积累词汇又要在做题时分析具体的语境。 课堂检测 (2022·辽宁高考)．..“I grew up on a hundred­acre farm and had only cats 37(as) playmates.”Kruger，the seventy­year­old man，says.“My hearing was damaged by the 38 of farm equipment，so I learned to connect with 39 .They react to what they see and what you do.” ... 38．A.sound B．alarm C．noise D．voice 39．A.animals B．friends C．farmers D．neighbors 完形填空解题技法(九) 研读首尾抓主题法 大多数夹叙夹议类完形填空的尾段是文章的结论段落，是对前面所讲述故事的评价，这样与首段往往形成呼应的效果，所以，考生做此类文章时，要仔细分析首段与尾段的这种对应关系。 一般来说，议论文会按照“总—分—总”的思路来写。首先提出主题，接着对主题进行分析、叙述，最后进行归纳、总结，得出结论或提出建议。因此，一般根据文章的首句及尾句就能抓住文章的主题。故这种抓主题解题方法就是研读首尾抓主题法。 例题精讲 　(2022·北京高考) Inspiration “Mama，when I grow up，I'm going to be one of those！”I said this after seeing the Capital Dancing Company perform when I was three.It was the first time that my 36 took on a vivid form and acted as something important to start my training... ... ...I see a 55 that has inspired not only generations of little girls but a splendid company that continues to develop and grow—and inspires people every day to follow their dreams. 36．A.hobby　　　B．plan C．dream D．word 55．A.victory B．trend C．tradition D．desire 【技巧点拨】 值得注意的是，主题句不总是在文章的开头，有时在文中，有时在文尾，因此，考生在做题时一方面要快速通读全文，另一方面应注意连接词，如but, however, yet, though, therefore, otherwise等，它们的前面一句或后面一句就有可能是主题句。 考生抓住了主题，就等于掌握了整篇文章，就可根据主题顺藤摸瓜选出正确答案。 课堂检测 (2021·天津高考) ... I cannot thank you enough for19(what)you told me one autumn afternoon when I was nine. After finishing my homework, I wandered into the dining room where you were buried20(under)piles of law books. I was21(puzzled). Why were you doing what I do—memorizing textbooks and studying for22(tests)？When you said you were in law school, I was more puzzled. I didn't know Moms23(could)be lawyers too. You smiled and said, “In life, you can do anything you want to do. ” ... Encouraged by your33(statement), I have forged ahead(毅然前行)with my life's journey, less afraid to make mistakes, and 34 meeting each challenge. You did it, and now I'm 35 it. Sorry, got to run. So much to do, so many dreams to live. 34. A．secretly B．curiously C．carelessly D．eagerly 35. A．doing B．considering C．correcting D．reading 完形填空解题技法(十) 思前想后觅逻辑法 逻辑是作者的行文方式，主要包括并列、转折、条件、因果、递进、让步等。它们之间有的通过连接词来表达，关系非常明显；有的隐含在句与句之中，关系比较隐晦。考生应该根据前后信息进行思考，拨开迷雾，准确理解上下文间的逻辑关系。 例题精讲 1．(2022·江苏高考)．..Today we can talk，text，e­mail，chat and blog(写博客)，not only from our 42 ，but from our mobile phones as well. ... 42．A.media B．computers C．databases D．monitors 2．(2022·广东高考)．..For example，they may believe that people should always tell the truth，and that lying is 6 acceptable... 6．A.seldom B．rarely C．merely D．never 【技巧点拨】 应用此法做完形填空题时，需要理清上下文之间的逻辑关系，找出它们内在的联系及含义。例如注意一些连词，像and, but, or, if, because, so, though等在句中所起的作用，进而理清上下文之间的逻辑关系作出正确的判断。 课堂检测 When Teresa, a widow with four young children, saw a notice from her church for all members to gather to deliver presents and food to a 1 family, she took $ 10 out of her savings jar and bought some ingredients to make three dozen2(cookies). She got to the church parking lot just in time to join the convoy going to the home that was to 3 the people's help. The route was 4 ， and she was astonished when the cars pulled up in front of her house. When the pastor saw her, he said, “We 5 expected you to join us, Teresa. We know it's been a great 6 since your husband died, and we all wanted to 7 you. ” 1. A．wealthy B．big C．noble D．needy 3. A．offer B．receive C．expect D．refuse 4. A．pleasant B．lengthy C．familiar D．rough 5. A．never B．just C．even D．seldom 6. A．failure B．comfort C．success D．struggle 7. A．satisfy B．support C．invite D．remember 完形填空解题技法(十一) 综合分析判断法 每篇完形填空中都有几道题的难度较大，考生可能在短时间内很难确定答案。此时，考生应该在完成全文后，集中精力，对其进行分析、综合，作出决定。必要时，大胆相信第一感觉。 例题精讲 　(2022·广东高考)．..Rules help us live together in harmony，because they show us the right way to 13 others.However，some people argue that rules may be 14 ，having observed that rules change all the time，and that some schools have some regulations and others have different ones－so who is to 15 what is right? 13．A.follow　　　　B．instruct C．treat D．protect 14．A.disgusting B．confusing C．unsafe D．unimportant 15．A.predict B．explain C．decide D．consider 【技巧点拨】 在做完形填空时，当考生们面对难度较大的题目时，既要集中精力进行分析归纳，又要相信直觉做出大胆判断。 课堂检测 ... You fill in the blanks. What is it you would like to 15 that isn't happening？Perhaps the answer is that you are not yet 16 . Maybe you need more time to prepare before you are truly ready for that which you 17 . 15．A.survive B．happen C．gain D．win 16．A.adventurous B．active C．ready D．intelligent 17．A.concern B．arrange C．adore D．desire ... 完形填空解题技法(十二) 复读查缺补漏法 做完之后，再用2～3分钟的时间将全文联系起来进行复读，查看所填单词或短语是否跟语境相符，是否与逻辑相悖。这样，通过查缺补漏，使答案万无一失，提高得分。 例题精讲 I was at a grocery store one evening. I had1(finished)selecting goods and as I was standing in line waiting for my2(turn), I noticed the woman3(directly)in front of me, who looked as if she had just had some kind of medical4(treatment). Her face looked as if she had known a lot of 5 and was tired of everything. She had bought everything 6 one would need to care for oneself at home. She7(kept)glancing at her groceries and counting the8(money)in her hand. I wish I had money to pay for her groceries. What can I do to9(help)her out? ... 5．A.pain B．experiences C．appointments D．surprise 6．A.in case B．for which C．so that D．that 【技巧点拨】 复读是做完形填空的一个比较重要的环节，尤其是考生面对一些难度较大的文章时，第一遍读后往往会对许多问题的答案都似是而非，难以做出抉择，但通过复读这些问题往往就会迎刃而解。 课堂检测 Rossetti could see that the old fellow was deeply18(moved) . “Who is this fine young artist？”he asked . “Your son？”“No，”said the old man19(sadly). “It is me 40 years ago. If only I had heard your praise then！However, I got 20 and gave up too soon. ” 20. A．concerned B．abused C．independent D．discouraged ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 课 堂 小 测 课堂检测 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 课 堂 小 结 Step 1. 思考回忆所学知识点，并将所学知识点列在下面 Step 2. 错题回顾 课 后 作 业 课后作业 练习（一） Square dancing is an American pastime. It __1__ in America during the California Gold Rush. Having been a __2__ folk tradition since 1851, it __3__ various traditional __4__ from around the world. In those days, men and women worked in __5__to build a house or __6__ crops. When the work was done, they usually danced merrily and __7__ in a store or in a farm kitchen. In this dance eight people work as a team, called a __8__, to successfully complete a set of complex dance figures that are __9__ by a caller, who calls out the __10__. Four couples stand facing the __11__ of the square, each couple standing on one side of the square, the boy on the left and the girl on the right. Large or __12__ numbers of people can dance at one time. Sometimes, 800 or 1,000 people may be dancing at the __13__ time. Or there may be only one square of eight people. Costumes are worn by those who square-dance. This makes the dancing more colourful to __14__. Women often wear full skirts of various __15__ with a pretty blouse. Men may have coloured shirts and __16__ trousers, which they wear only when square-dancing. In some country areas, everyone wears his __17__ clothes. Square dancing __18__ exists today, ever since President Ronald Reagan signed an Act (条约) of Congress in 1982 making square dancing the National Folk Dance of America. Many __19__ teach square dancing in Physical Education, and there are actually square dance competitions. In all parts of the United States you will find some schools, clubs, or other groups that are square dancing for __20__. 1. A. originated B developed C. grew D. came 2. A. respectable B. popular C. valueless D. disappointing 3. A. consisted of B. resulted from C. grew out of D. made out of 4. A. cultures B. arts C. costumes D. dances 5. A. groups B. masses C. numbers D. families 6. A. start B. harvest C. get D. cut 7. A. sadly B. excitedly C. happily D. curiously 8. A. team B. circle C. unit D. square 9. A. delivered B. asked C. thought D. introduced 10. A. actions B. movements C. ideas D. thoughts 11. A. side B. right C. center D. left 12. A. big B. considerable C. proper D. small 13. A. same B. different C. special D. usual 14. A. see B. watch C. notice D. observe 15. A. requirements B. demands C. colors D. levels 16. A. eastern B. Asian C. foreign D. western 17. A. best B. worst C. strangest D. cheapest 18. A. not longer B. still C. doubtfully D. never 19. A. groups B. offices C. schools D. clubs 20. A. happiness B. interests C. money D. fun 练习（二） Mexico, the largest nation in the region, is a good example of life in Middle America. Although Mexico is a large country, (1)______ 12 percent of its land is good for farming. (2)_______ 40 percent is good grassland. The rest of the land is hills and mountains, (3)_______ plateaus (高原), or wet coastal regions. The mountains are too (4)_______ to farm. The high plateau in the middle of Mexico would be good farmland if it had more (5)_______. The coastal areas receive so much (6)______ that the land (7)_______ becomes waterlogged (浸满水的). For all of these (8)_______, Mexicans must (9)_______ the good farmland they have. (10)_______ good farming has not always been (11)_______ in Mexico. For many (12)_______, Mexican farmers had (13)_______ traditional crops. These (14) ____ com, beans, and squash (南瓜). (15)_______, when the Spanish arrived in the 1500’s, they tried to (16)_______ new ideas. They thought new (17)_______ such as onions, turnips, sugarcane, and bananas would (18)_______ well in warm tropical (热带的) (19)_______. But the Mexicans wished to continue with their old (20)_______. 1. A. only B. for C. even D. with 2. A. Other B. Another C. The other D. All 3. A. dry B. beautiful C. far-away D. cool 4. A. warm B. hot C. high D. good 5. A. farmers B. hills C. water D. cattle 6. A. rain B. wind C. fog D. sunshine 7. A. often B. soon C. probably D. Slowly 8. A. things B. ideas C. reasons D. matters 9. A. pay attention to B. take care of C. be satisfied with D. be proud of 10. A. So B. Yet C. Because D. Obviously 11. A. difficult B. wonderful C. disappointed D. possible 12. A. days B. ages C. dynasties D. centuries 13. A. used B. grown C. seen D. missed 14. A. produced B. belonged to C. had D. included 15. A. At last B. Naturally C. However D. Otherwise 16. A. introduce B. replace C. mistake D. give up 17. A. plants B. vegetables C. fruits D. crops 18. A. be B. do C. plant D. receive 19. A. weather B. days C. countries D. time 20. A. thoughts B. ways C. things D. habits 练习（三） Children find meanings in their old family tales. When Stephen Guyer’s three children were growing up, he told them stories about how his grandfather, a banker, 1 all in the 1930s, but did not lose sight of what he valued most. In one of the darkest times 2 his strong-minded grandfather was nearly 3 , he loaded his family into the car and 4 them to see family members in Canada with a 5 ,“there are more important things in life than money.” The 6 took on a new meaning recently when MrGuyer downsized to a 7 house from a more expensive and comfortable one. He was 8 that his children, a daughter, 15, and twins, 22, would be upset. To his surprise, they weren’t. 9 , their reaction echoed (共鸣) their great-grandfather’s. What they 10 was how warm the people were in the house and how 11 of their heart was accessible. Many parents are finding family stories have surprising power to help children 12 hard times. Storytelling experts say the phenomenon reflects a growing 13 in telling tales, evidenced by a rise in a storytelling events and festivals. A university 14 of 65 families with children aged from 14 to 16 found kids’ ability to 15 parents’ stories was linked to a lower rate of anger and anxiety. The 16 is telling the stories in a way children can 17 . We’re not talking here about the kind of story that 18 , “When I was a kid, I walked to school every day uphill both ways, barefoot in the snow.” Instead, we should choose a story suited to the child’s 19 , and make eye contact (接触) to create “a personal experience”. We don’t have to tell children 20 they should take from the story and what the moral is.” 1. A. missed B. lost C. forgot D. ignored 2. A. when B. while C. how D. why 3. A. friendless B. worthless C. penniless D. homeless 4. A fetched B. allowed C. expected D. took 5. A. hope B. promise C. suggestion D. belief 6. A. tale B. agreement C. arrangement D. report 7. A. large B. small C. new D. grand 8. A. surprised B. annoyed C. disappointed D. worried 9. A. Therefore B. Besides C. Instead D. Otherwise 10. A. talked about B. cared about C. wrote about D. heard about 11. A. much B. many C. little D. few 12. A. beyond B. over C. behind D. through 13. A. argument B. skill C. interest D. anxiety 14. A. study B. design C. committee D. staff 15. A. provide B. retell C. support D. refuse 16. A. trouble B. gift C. fact D. trick 17. A. perform B. write C. hear D. question 18. A. means B. ends C. begins D. proves 19. A. needs B. activities C. judgments D. habits 20. A. that B. what C. which D. whom 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 授课主题 完形填空解题技巧T 课 堂 导 入 专题导入 图一 图二 图三 What do you see from the three pictures? 格式塔心理学: 当看见不完整的事物时，人们根据脑子里对事物的完整概念，会在思想上把它补全. 补全心理 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 知 识 讲 解 知识点梳理 完形填空解题技法 一、完形填空的主要特点 1．体裁多为记叙文和夹叙夹议文，兼有说明文和议论文。首句不设空，且首句往往有与本文的主要事件相关的时间、地点等背景信息，它是文章的关键句，也是了解整篇文章的一个窗口。 2．题目多为行文逻辑题，词语搭配题、语法题和文化常识题(相对较少)，有效地考查考生的语篇把握能力和考生对词汇、语法的掌握能力。 3. 具体挖空的时候遵循“重复原则”，即挖去的词通常都在保留的上下文中给出解题的线索 二、完形填空的解题步骤 1．通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。 2．瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先做有把握的问题，对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示。 3．复读全文，解决疑难。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。 4．再次复读，弥补疏漏。全部做好后，考生务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯。 ( 通览------试填-----复核 ) 完形填空解题技法(一) 首句概览法 在完形填空中，一般情况下，文章第一句话会交代人物的姓名、身份或事件发生的时间、地点等，然后再介绍事件的发生、发展及结果。 利用首句确定文章的体裁：如果文章开头交代事情发生的时间、地点以及人物等，这很可能就是一篇记叙文；如果文章开门见山点明话题或作者的观点，那么很可能就是说明文或议论文。 例题精讲 1．(2022·辽宁高考)When Glen Kruger picked a small cat from an animal shelter，he did not expect much.Yet right from the start，eight years ago，there was an uncommon connection between him and the small black cat.He 36(named) her Inky. ... 【解析】　首句提供的信息是：主人公是Glen Kruger和a small cat。由此推知，后文的内容一定是描写他们之间发生的故事的。“he did not expect much”暗示这只猫会做出不寻常的事情，考生在做后面的题时要遵循这个思路进行判断，不能信马由缰。 2．(2022·重庆高考)I became a gardener when I was twelve.My early 36(intention) of gardening may not have originated from my love for nature. It was to 37(annoy) my parents. ... 【解析】　根据首句可知，作者12岁就成为了园丁，由此考生可以设想，后文的内容应该涉及作者是如何走上园艺这条路的，考生应按照这个思路去理解下文。 【技巧点拨】　 完形填空的首句或前几句话一般是完整的，这样便于考生理清思路，抓住文章的线索。由首句的提示及上下文之间的关系便能进一步了解短文的内容，为正确解题提供了依据。所以考生在做题时，若能认真读懂首句或前几句，就可以根据它们判断出文章的大意或主题，这样有助于有效地完成完形填空。 课堂检测 It was a busy morning, about 8：30, when an elderly gentleman in his 80s came to the hospital. I heard him saying to the nurse that he was in a hurry for an appointment(约会)at 9：30. The nurse had him take a 36 in the waiting area, 37 him it would be at least 40 minutes 38 someone would be able to see him... 36. A．breath　　 B．test　　 C．seat　　 D．break 37. A．persuading B．promising C．understanding D．telling 38. A．if B．before C．since D．after 【解析】　36.C。37.D。38.B。从短文的第一句话，我们可以知道事情发生的时间是早上的8：30，地点是一家医院，而人物则是一位80多岁的老人。从下文内容可知这位老人来到医院的目的是看病，并且他赶时间，因为他在9：30有一个约会。护士领着他来到等候区，告诉他至少要等40分钟才会有医生来为他看病，引出了下文的内容：作者因为自己的病人还没有来，主动给老人看病。 完形填空解题技法(二) 语境推测法 　　　近几年高考英语完形填空题的最大特点是——重点考查语境。所谓语境，就是指文章的上下文关系，它包括文章语气的一致性、意思的连贯性、表述的合理性、论证的逻辑性等。 对于记叙文，文章以叙述为主，绝大部分篇幅是作者在描述事件，较少点明作者的观点。而作者的态度及观点往往隐含在叙述中，因此，这类试题常会出现作者的态度与观点隐性的跳跃式变换，增加了情景的迷惑性和干扰性，这就要求考生在理解上下文的基础上，通过语境辨析词语，作出选择。 例题精讲 1．(2022·江苏高考)．..Travelers have ended up 51 on mountains，and mobile phones have saved countless lives... 51． A. hidden B．lost C．relaxed D．deserted 【解析】　B。在这一段中，作者阐述了数码科技给我们带来的好处，此句是一个例子，此处意为“(有了手机)游客就不会在山中迷路，手机已经拯救了无数的生命”。hidden意为“隐藏的”，不符合题意。lost指“迷路的”，符合这一段的主题。relaxed表示“放松的”，与动词短语ended up连在一起是指手机带来的坏处，与这一段的主题相反。deserted“被遗弃的”，不符合语意。 2．(2022·重庆高考)．..Regardless of their 50(dislike)，I kept on planting my garden and 51 to enjoy the pleasure of gardening.Plants make such good companions：they breathe，they bloom，they 52 to care and love. ... 51．A. decided B．stopped C．continued D．struggled 52．A. devote B．turn C．respond D．lead 【解析】　51.C；52.C。第51题是借助于前面的“Regardless of...，I kept on...and...”的行文节奏而判断出来的。C项为正确答案。 做第52题时要结合本文的主题。在培育花的过程中，作者因为已经对大自然、对花有了深厚的感情，所以作者用拟人的手法写道：“they breathe，they bloom，they...care and love”，所以respond“回应”是最恰当的。 【技巧点拨】　 因为完形填空主要考查考生对语境的理解，空格的前后多有暗示(后文暗示前文的居多)，所以考生在做题时，一定要从整体上把握文章内容，弄清文章的结构和文章的内在逻辑关系，结合语境辨析所给选项，从中选出正确答案。对于那些一时无法确定答案的题，考生不要仅局限于空格前后的小范围语境，要把视野扩大到全文，有时，一旦和整篇短文联系起来，考生就会豁然开朗，很容易选出答案。 课堂检测 　(1)(2022·四川高考)．..He 38 the flashlight into the woods and noticed a ladder... 38． A. led B．put C．drove D．shone 【解析】　D。and后面是“noticed a ladder”(注意到有一个梯子)，前面自然是“把手电筒照进树林”，shine意为“把……照向，使……投向”，故D项是最佳答案。 (2)(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)．..For him, writing was a necessity. It also turned out to be the best way for us to get back in touch. Because we live in an age of 38 communication(通讯), people often39(forget)that they don't always have to phone or email... 38. A．poor B．easy C．popular D．busy 【解析】　B。根据语境可知我们现在处在一个通讯发达的时代，用电话和电子邮件等方式联系非常容易，所以B符合语境。poor“贫穷，差的”；popular“流行的”；busy“忙碌的”，均与语境不符。 完形填空解题技法(三) 上下文呼应法 　　　上下文呼应法就是考生在做完形填空题时，必须注意上下文的连贯性及逻辑性，在了解文章大意的基础上，要按文章的先后顺序，对每道题所给词语的确切含义进行分析比较，并考虑到全文的语境，做到瞻前顾后，上下文呼应，运用逻辑思维进行答题的一种方法。 例题精讲 1．(2022·江苏高考)．..45(Also)，many jobs and careers require people to be 46 ．.. ...The ability to be“connected”and“on”has many 50(advantages)，as well as disadvantages... 46．A. connected　　　　　　　B．trained C．recommended D．interested 【解析】　A　根据后文中出现的“connected”可知答案，connected在此处的意思是“有关系的”。 2．(2022·江苏高考)．..The desire to be connected has brought solitude to a(n) 39(end) as we've known it.People have become so 40 in the world of networks and connections that one can often be contacted 41(even if) they'd rather not be... ...Being reachable might feel like a 47(burden) to those who may not want to be able to be contacted at all times. ... 40．A. sensitive B．intelligent C．considerate D．reachable 【解析】　D　由下文中的reachable可知此处选D。 【技巧点拨】　 做此类完形填空时，应该注意以下两点： (1)注意上下文的信息提示：信息提示出现在前文时，可以直接根据前文的信息提示确定答案；信息提示出现在后文时，考生应该先把此空暂时搁置，在理解了后文意义之后再确定答案。 (2)通读全文，利用复现词语：在完形填空试题中，一些词语会重复出现在语篇之中。把握这些反复出现的词语，有利于考生确定正确答案。 课堂检测 (2020·陕西高考)．..On the way, I27(saw)a busker(街头艺人)，with a hat in front of him...He 30(looked)like that type—young and ragged. 31(But)what was I going to spend the money on？Only to feed my addiction to Coca－Cola or chocolate！I then32(realized)I had no right to place myself above33(him)just because he was busking. I 34(stopped)and dropped all the coins into his 35 ， and he smiled at me. I watched for a while. As36(selfish)as it sounds, I expected something more to come from that moment—a feeling of37(happiness)or satisfaction, for example. But nothing happened. 38(Disappointedly), I walked off. “It proved to be a waste of 39 ， ”I thought. 35. A．rag B．hat C．pocket D．counter 39. A．words B．effort C．space D．money 【解析】　35.B　考查上下文呼应。从文章前面的“On the way, I saw a busker(街头艺人)，with a hat in front of him.”可知这里指把钱放进他的帽子里。 39．D　从文章前面的“what was I going to spend the money on”可得出答案。 完形填空解题技法(四) 文化背景法 文化背景法是考生根据自己已经掌握的或具备的文化背景和生活常识，如科学、历史文化，风俗民情等方面的知识，对完形填空中出现的相关问题作出分析与判断的方法。 例题精讲 1．(2022·课标全国卷)Body language is the quiet，secret and most powerful language of all！It speaks 36 than words... 36．A. straighter B．louder C．harder D．further 【解析】　B　根据首句的内容可知此处表示身势语比话语表达更为“响亮”。这里恰如其分地描述了身势语在人际交流中的作用。考生可联想“Actions speak louder than words.”。 【易错警示】　 此题易误选straighter，因为我们认为身势语在交流中更加直接忽视了前面一句中的secret对身势语的限定。 2．(2022·课标全国卷)．..But whatever the situation，the best 54(advice) is to obey the Golden Rule：treat others as you would like to be 55 ． 55．A. noticed B．treated C．respected D．pleased 【解析】　B　此处意为“用希望得到对待的方式对待他人(己所不欲勿施与人)”。这句话正好表达了我们如何利用身势语进行跨文化交流的原则。 【技巧点拨】　 由于完形填空命题的基本形式是独立的语篇，它以自身的内容提供完整的语篇信息，因此，考生在做题时应该：1.利用英语国家的文化背景知识(包括英语国家的风俗习惯、历史事件、地理位置等)；注意中西方文化的差异；简化复杂的分析与判断过程。2.结合生活常识，避免常识性错误。完形填空文章的内容与日常生活相关，因此当考生对语言的把握不准确时，可充分利用社会知识和科普知识来帮助自己判断，这就要求考生平时既要多体验生活，又要博览群书。 课堂检测 　(2020·陕西高考)I 34 and dropped all the coins into his 35 (hat), and he smiled at me. I watched for a while. As 36 as it sounds, I expected something more to come from that moment—a feeling of 37 or satisfaction, for example... 34. A．waited B．followed C．stopped D．arrived 36．A. selfish B．awkward C．innocent D．special 37．A. happiness B．sadness C．love D．hate 【解析】　在日常生活中，我们经常会看到一些街头艺人，他们在大街上随便找个地方，前面放上一顶破帽子或者一个小箱子之类的东西，用来盛放他人施舍的钱财，而这种现象在西方社会中更是随处可见，本文这个故事就是在这个背景中发生的。 34．C　由后面的“dropped all the coins into his35(hat)”可知作者把所有的硬币都扔进了他的帽子里，因此应该是停下来放钱，故选C。wait“等待”；follow“跟随”；arrive“到达”，均与语境不符。 36．A　根据后面的“I expected something more to come from that moment”可知“我”期待着更多的东西，所以这样似乎有点自私了，因此选A。awkward“令人尴尬的”；innocent“无辜的，天真的”；special“特别的”，均与语境不符。 37. A。与后面的satisfaction相对应，都是积极的情感，作者想从自己给钱的那一刻得到满足或者幸福感，故选A。sadness“悲伤”；love“爱”；hate“厌恶，憎恨”，均不符合语境。 完形填空解题技法(五) 语篇意识法 语篇一般指比句子长的语言单位，如句群、段落、篇章等。语篇与语篇之间往往有表明其内在联系的词语，这些词语被称为“语篇标志语”。如表示结构层次的语篇标志语有firstly, secondly, thirdly, finaly等；表示因果关系的有thus, therefore, so等；表示改变话题的有by the way, on the contrary等；表示递进关系的有besides, what's more, further等；表示时间关系的有before, so far, yet, meanwhile, later等；表示转折关系的有but, while等。而依据“语篇标志语”对完形填空中出现的问题作出分析推断而最后得出正确答案的过程就是语篇意识法。 例题精讲 (2020·辽宁高考)．..46(Lying) in a pool of blood on the basement floor，Kruger felt 47(himself) going into shock(休克)．He shouted for help, 48 his wife，Brenda，was asleep in their bedroom at the opposite end of the house. 49 Kruger noticed Inky watching from the top of the stairs. “Go get Brenda，”Kruger said to Inky. ... 48．A. and B．but C．or D．so 49．A. Thus B．Otherwise C．Then D．Rather 【解析】　48.B。连词词义辨析。根据“He shouted for help，”和“his wife，Brenda，was asleep in their bedroom at the opposite of the house”可知，这两句话之间是转折关系，所以用but。 49．C。根据这段语篇可以体会到Glen Kruger向妻子求助没有得到回应要绝望时，突然看到了Inky那种喜悦的心情，因此选择then表示“就在那个时候”。 【技巧点拨】 考生做题时如果能充分考虑这些语篇标志语，就可以迅速理清文章的脉络，弄清上下文之间的关系。 课堂检测 　(1)(2022·江西高考)That holiday morning I didn't have to attend school.Usually，on holidays，Mother 36(allows) me to sleep in.And I would certainly take full advantage of it.On this particular morning， 37 ，I felt like getting up early. ... 37．A. otherwise B．therefore C．however D．besides 【解析】　妈妈允许我睡懒觉，我也充分利用这个机会，而后文是说我今天起得很早。前后句意有转折含义，A否则，B所以，D此外，与句意不符。 【答案】　C (2)(2020·辽宁高考)When I first entered university, my aunt, who is an English professor, gave me a new English dictionary. I was36(surprised)to see that it was an English－English dictionary, also known as a monolingual dictionary. 37 it was a dictionary intended for non－native learners, none of my classmates had one 38 ， to be honest, I found it extremely39(difficult)to use at first. I would look up words in the dictionary and 40 not fully understand the meanings. 37．A. Because B. Although C. Unless D. If 38．A. but B. so C. or D. and 40．A. thus B. even C. still D. again 【解析】　阅读整篇文章可知，这是一篇记叙文，作者主要描写自己从最初接触英英词典的惊异到习惯使用英英词典以及使用英英词典的好处。因此，考生在理解了语篇，掌握了脉络后，就可以更好地进行推理判断，确定正确答案了。 37. B。前后两句在意义上是让步关系，所以用although引导让步状语从句。而because引导原因状语从句，unless和if引导条件状语从句。 38. D。此空格处缺一个连接前后两句话的并列连词，故用并列连词and。 40. C。根据前面的“I would look up words in the dictionary”可知在词典里查单词仍然不能够完全理解词典中单词的释义。 完形填空解题技法(六) 人物情感、态度透析法 由于作者在写作的过程中，难免会夹杂自己的情感，因此在做题的过程中，考生要仔细体会作者对所描写的人物或者发生的事件的态度，这样将有助于确定正确的答案；同时，考生在平时也要多注意某些形容词及与之相对应的副词的用法。 例题精讲 1．(2022·陕西高考)．..Barking 37(loudly) into the air，the dog 38(searched) through the woods until he found the 39(house)．But the girl was not there，so he headed back to the woods.Much to his 40 ，he saw his mistress' blue shirt in the distance... 40．A. satisfaction B．disappointment C．embarrassment D．delight 【解析】　D。此题要求考生辨析情感类名词。狗一直在寻找他的小主人，最终看到了小主人的蓝衬衫，自然是高兴了。故delight是最佳答案。 2．(2022·重庆高考)．..45(However)，my parents showed no interest in my garden.My father even 46(shouted) at me because he found it was 47(troublesome) to move around my garden to the driveway.To my mother's 48 ，I put in her vase my real roses which，in her eyes，were simply weeds 49(rather than) flowers. ... 48．A. sadness B．displeasure C．delight D．relief 【解析】　B。故事一开始交代了作者出于逆反心理，建起了花园，父母很不高兴，从这一段的字里行间也能看得出，父亲认为花园妨碍了他走路；母亲认为我插放在花瓶中的玫瑰是杂草而不是鲜花，由此可知，父亲和母亲对作者的做法感到很生气，故此处选B。 【技巧点拨】　 四步法理解作者意图或态度 首先，完形填空的短文是一个完整的语篇，考生必须结合上下文语境综合考虑。 其次，重视首句信息的提示作用，因为它是解题的突破口，同时也或多或少地暗示了作者的写作意图；其次，要抓住描述作者思想情感的词，通常为形容词或副词；最后，疏通全文。考生应在理解大意和把握细节的基础上揣摩作者的写作意图，通过作者的语气和用词来把握作者的情感和态度，切忌主观臆断。 课堂检测 　(2021·北京高考)．..With my 52 self－confidence comes more praise from teachers and classmates. I have gone from“ 53 ”in the back of the classroom and not wanting to call attention to myself, 54 raising my hand—even when I sometimes wasn't 100 percent 55 I had the right answer. Now I have more self－confidence in myself. 52. A．expressed B．improved C．preserved D．recognized 53. A．dreaming B．playing C．relaxing D．hiding 54. A．by B．for C．with D．to 55. A．lucky B．happy C．sure D．satisfied 【解析】　52. B。53. D。54. D。55. C。从该段可以看出作者在老师的鼓励下，从一个缺乏自信的学生逐渐地转变为一个有自信学生的成长过程。作者的行为从“hiding in the back of the classroom and not wanting to call attention to myself”到“to raising my hand—even when I sometimes wasn't 100 percent sure I had the right answer.”转化，非常形象地描绘了作者的变化过程。 完形填空解题技法(七) 结构分析法 所谓结构分析法，就是通过语法分析，迅速弄清句子的结构，把握句子的基本框架。基本步骤：首先，判断该句是简单句、并列句还是复合句；其次，找出句子的核心成分，分清主语和谓语，再分清句子的附属成分。 例题精讲 1．(2022·福建高考)．..I was growing up in Kuala Lumpur in the early 1960s， 38 children from different races and religions played and studied 39(together) in harmony... 38．A.why　　　　　　　　B．which C．how D．when 【解析】　D。38题考查连词，根据从句与主句的承接关系可知，后面的从句是定语从句，先行词为the early 1960s，关系词在从句中作状语，所以此处要用关系副词when。 2．(2022·江西高考)．..There he was，working hard at his small business,48(waving) at passers­by and stopping to chat now and then 49 elderly men and women on their way to the market nearby. ... 49．A.about B．for C．with D．like 【解析】　C。根据前面的“chat”可知，此空应用with。chat with sb.表示“和某人聊天”。 【技巧点拨】 做此类完形填空题时应注意使用以下方法： 1. 较复杂单句的处理方法——找主语、谓语，即找句子主干。较复杂的单句在高考试卷中经常出现，所以应引起考生的充分重视。 2. 并列复合句的处理方法——找并列连词。 3. 主从复合句的处理方法——找从属连词。 4. 并列句和主从复合句并存的处理方法——先读懂并列复合句，再看主从复合句。 5．介词的判定——借助于固定搭配或者前后文的语境。 课堂检测 (1)(2022·四川高考)Lightning flashed through the darkness over Sibson's bedroom skylight(天窗)．Sibson was shaken by a clap of thunder 21 he knew what was happening.The storm had moved directly 22 his two­story wooden house.Then he heard the smoke alarm beeping. ... 21．A.before B．while C．since D．until 22．A.on B．in C．through D．over 【解析】　21.A。此句句意：在Sibson还不知道发生什么事情的时候，便被一声雷鸣震醒。此处before表示“还来不及……就……”。 22．D。“暴风雨直袭他的两层木屋”，暴风雨应该是从房屋上方袭来，故用over。 (2)(2022·浙江高考)．.. 23 he had not seen it in more than 20 years，he recognized it 24(immediately)． ... 23．A.After B．When C．Since D．Although 【解析】　D。23题要填入一个连接词，分析句子结构可知，此处为状语从句。根据从句和主句的内容可以看出这里表示让步关系，故选D。 完形填空解题技法(八) 语境分析辨词义法 词义辨析题是完形填空考查的主要题型，该题型考查学生在具体的语境中准确运用词汇的能力。做题时要考虑各个单词的具体含义，并且要结合语境来确定答案。该题型并不侧重考查考生对近义或同义词的辨析能力，而是侧重考查考生对语境的理解是否透彻、是否准确。 例题精讲 (2022·陕西高考)One sunny afternoon，a seven­year­old girl went for a walk.She crossed a large area of grassland into the woods 26(before) she realised that she was lost. ...29(When) it was getting dark，she saw a small，dark wooden house.She opened the door and30(cautiously) stepped in.Suddenly，she heard a strange noise，and she ran out of the door and back to the 31 .Cold and tired，she fell asleep near a 32 . ...He 41(jumped) over some bushes and saw the little stream，where the girl was 42(asleep)． When she opened her eyes and 43 her dog standing beside her，the girl said，“you 44(rescued) me，Laddy，”and she kissed him several times... 31．A.trees B．bushes C．woods D．grasses 32．A.stream B．rock C．tree D．house 43.A.spotted B．watched C．observed D．saw 【解析】　31.C；32.A；43.D。第31题与首段中的“into the woods”形成呼应，因此可以确定答案。第32题，由后文中的“and saw the little stream”可知答案。第43题，前面的动作是睁开眼睛，然后应该是看到她的狗站在她旁边，故saw是最佳答案。 【技巧点拨】　 此类题型要求考生既要注意在平时的学习中积累词汇又要在做题时分析具体的语境。 课堂检测 (2022·辽宁高考)．..“I grew up on a hundred­acre farm and had only cats 37(as) playmates.”Kruger，the seventy­year­old man，says.“My hearing was damaged by the 38 of farm equipment，so I learned to connect with 39 .They react to what they see and what you do.” ... 38．A.sound B．alarm C．noise D．voice 39．A.animals B．friends C．farmers D．neighbors 【解析】　38.C；39.A。第38题是一组近义词辨析。sound“声音，响声”；alarm“警报，警报器”；noise“噪音”；voice“声音”。此处意为“我的听力受到了农场设备噪音的损害”。故此处用noise。第39题中的四个名词是普通的名词，但是，根据上文中的“only cats37(as)playmates”可知此处应该用animals，与cats在范畴上保持一致。 完形填空解题技法(九) 研读首尾抓主题法 大多数夹叙夹议类完形填空的尾段是文章的结论段落，是对前面所讲述故事的评价，这样与首段往往形成呼应的效果，所以，考生做此类文章时，要仔细分析首段与尾段的这种对应关系。 一般来说，议论文会按照“总—分—总”的思路来写。首先提出主题，接着对主题进行分析、叙述，最后进行归纳、总结，得出结论或提出建议。因此，一般根据文章的首句及尾句就能抓住文章的主题。故这种抓主题解题方法就是研读首尾抓主题法。 例题精讲 　(2022·北京高考) Inspiration “Mama，when I grow up，I'm going to be one of those！”I said this after seeing the Capital Dancing Company perform when I was three.It was the first time that my 36 took on a vivid form and acted as something important to start my training... ... ...I see a 55 that has inspired not only generations of little girls but a splendid company that continues to develop and grow—and inspires people every day to follow their dreams. 36．A.hobby　　　　　　　　B．plan C．dream D．word 55．A.victory B．trend C．tradition D．desire 【解析】　36.C；55.C。作者三岁时看了首都舞蹈团表演后就决心长大后当一名舞蹈演员，那是她的梦想首次生动地、清晰地呈现出来，并且对她开始训练起了重要的作用。结尾语：我在这个舞蹈团中看到了一种传统，这种传统激励了一代又一代的小女孩和一支辉煌的团队不断发展壮大，鼓励人们每天追逐他们的梦想。由结尾段中的“follow their dreams”可知36空应该用dream一词，这样形成前后呼应。 【技巧点拨】 值得注意的是，主题句不总是在文章的开头，有时在文中，有时在文尾，因此，考生在做题时一方面要快速通读全文，另一方面应注意连接词，如but, however, yet, though, therefore, otherwise等，它们的前面一句或后面一句就有可能是主题句。 考生抓住了主题，就等于掌握了整篇文章，就可根据主题顺藤摸瓜选出正确答案。 课堂检测 (2021·天津高考) ... I cannot thank you enough for19(what)you told me one autumn afternoon when I was nine. After finishing my homework, I wandered into the dining room where you were buried20(under)piles of law books. I was21(puzzled). Why were you doing what I do—memorizing textbooks and studying for22(tests)？When you said you were in law school, I was more puzzled. I didn't know Moms23(could)be lawyers too. You smiled and said, “In life, you can do anything you want to do. ” ... Encouraged by your33(statement), I have forged ahead(毅然前行)with my life's journey, less afraid to make mistakes, and 34 meeting each challenge. You did it, and now I'm 35 it. Sorry, got to run. So much to do, so many dreams to live. 34. A．secretly B．curiously C．carelessly D．eagerly 35. A．doing B．considering C．correcting D．reading 【解析】　本篇文章的主题句就是“In life, you can do anything you want to do.”母亲的这句话一直激励着他不断前行，勇敢地去迎接生活中的一个又一个的挑战，从而取得了一个又一个的成功。 34. D。根据前面的“不怕犯错误”可知，这里指的是“渴望”迎接每一个挑战，故选D项。A项“秘密地”，B项“好奇地”，C项“粗心地”，均不符合语境。 35. A。此处意为“你是那样做了，我现在正在做”。故选A项。 完形填空解题技法(十) 思前想后觅逻辑法 逻辑是作者的行文方式，主要包括并列、转折、条件、因果、递进、让步等。它们之间有的通过连接词来表达，关系非常明显；有的隐含在句与句之中，关系比较隐晦。考生应该根据前后信息进行思考，拨开迷雾，准确理解上下文间的逻辑关系。 例题精讲 1．(2022·江苏高考)．..Today we can talk，text，e­mail，chat and blog(写博客)，not only from our 42 ，but from our mobile phones as well. ... 42．A.media B．computers C．databases D．monitors 【解析】　B。这句话用了并列连词not only...but(also)．..，意为“不仅……而且……”，根据but后面的“our mobile phones”可知，not only后面也要填一个与其属于同一范畴但非同一物的名词，故选computers。 2．(2022·广东高考)．..For example，they may believe that people should always tell the truth，and that lying is 6 acceptable... 6．A.seldom B．rarely C．merely D．never 【解析】　D。句中的并列连词and表示前后两个分句是逻辑上的并列关系。前一分句的意思是“他们认为人们永远要说实话”，后一分句与前一分句意义一致，故此处要用never，表示“从不”。 【技巧点拨】 应用此法做完形填空题时，需要理清上下文之间的逻辑关系，找出它们内在的联系及含义。例如注意一些连词，像and, but, or, if, because, so, though等在句中所起的作用，进而理清上下文之间的逻辑关系作出正确的判断。 课堂检测 When Teresa, a widow with four young children, saw a notice from her church for all members to gather to deliver presents and food to a 1 family, she took $ 10 out of her savings jar and bought some ingredients to make three dozen2(cookies). She got to the church parking lot just in time to join the convoy going to the home that was to 3 the people's help. The route was 4 ， and she was astonished when the cars pulled up in front of her house. When the pastor saw her, he said, “We 5 expected you to join us, Teresa. We know it's been a great 6 since your husband died, and we all wanted to 7 you. ” 1. A．wealthy B．big C．noble D．needy 3. A．offer B．receive C．expect D．refuse 4. A．pleasant B．lengthy C．familiar D．rough 5. A．never B．just C．even D．seldom 6. A．failure B．comfort C．success D．struggle 7. A．satisfy B．support C．invite D．remember 【解析】　本文是一篇记叙文。特里萨是一个很贫穷的母亲，她一个人带着4个孩子度日。当她看见教堂帮助人的活动通知时，她拿出了10美元买了一些原料，做了一些甜饼，准备送人，并且在那里等着和他人一起给那些需要的人送去。当车队来到自己的家门口的时候，筹办人发现了特里萨，原来她也参与了帮助人的活动。特里萨虽然感到有点不自在，但是她却奉献出自己的甜饼和他人来分享。 1. D。考查语境逻辑。根据前面的语境及下文中的“going to the home that was to 3 the people's help”可知是给予需要帮助的家庭，所以应该是贫穷的家庭，故选D。needy意为“贫困的”。wealthy“富有的”；big“大的”；noble“高贵的”，均不符合语境。 3. B。考查语境逻辑。根据前面的语境：她看到一个教堂的通知，要人们准备东西送给那些贫穷的家庭，再根据空格后面的“the people's help”可知此处表示接受人们的帮助，所以选B。offer“提供”；expect“期待”；refuse“拒绝”，均不符合语境。 4. C。考查语境逻辑。从后面的“she was astonished when the cars pulled up in front of her house”可知车队来到了她家，因此路线是她熟悉的，所以选C。pleasant“令人愉快的”；lengthy“漫长的”；rough“艰难的”，均不符合语境。 5. A。考查语境逻辑。从后面的“We know it's been a great 6 since your husband died”可知她的丈夫死了，她生活得也很艰难，所以他们从来没有想到她还会去帮助其他人。just“刚才”；even“甚至”；seldom“很少”，均不符合语境。 6. D。考查语境逻辑。从空格后面的“since your husband died”可知她的丈夫死了，因此生活对她来说是很艰难的，所以选D。failure“失败”；comfort“安慰”；success“成功”，均不符合语境。 7. B。考查语境逻辑。前面提到她的丈夫死后，她的生活很艰难，所以人们都想帮助她，故选B。satisfy“满足”；invite“邀请”；remember“记得”，均不符合语境。 完形填空解题技法(十一) 综合分析判断法 每篇完形填空中都有几道题的难度较大，考生可能在短时间内很难确定答案。此时，考生应该在完成全文后，集中精力，对其进行分析、综合，作出决定。必要时，大胆相信第一感觉。 例题精讲 　(2022·广东高考)．..Rules help us live together in harmony，because they show us the right way to 13 others.However，some people argue that rules may be 14 ，having observed that rules change all the time，and that some schools have some regulations and others have different ones－so who is to 15 what is right? 13．A.follow　　　　　　　B．instruct C．treat D．protect 14．A.disgusting B．confusing C．unsafe D．unimportant 15．A.predict B．explain C．decide D．consider 【解析】　13.C。考查动词，根据此句的意思“规章制度有助于我们和睦相处，因为规章制度告诉我们对待他人的正确方式”不难得出答案。 14．B。考查形容词根据同义重现，由最后一句“rules change all the time，and that some schools have some regulations and others have different ones—”可知，规章制度也可能是“令人困惑的”。 15．C。考查动词，根据此句的意思，既然不同学校的规章不同，该由谁来“评定”什么是正确的呢？ 【技巧点拨】 在做完形填空时，当考生们面对难度较大的题目时，既要集中精力进行分析归纳，又要相信直觉做出大胆判断。 课堂检测 ... You fill in the blanks. What is it you would like to 15 that isn't happening？Perhaps the answer is that you are not yet 16 . Maybe you need more time to prepare before you are truly ready for that which you 17 . 15．A.survive B．happen C．gain D．win 16．A.adventurous B．active C．ready D．intelligent 17．A.concern B．arrange C．adore D．desire ... 【解析】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。一个老师在课堂上对孩子们说，将来他们中会出现伟大的人物，虽然老师也许并没有在意自己的话，但是其中一个学生(杰克逊)，却认真地对待了老师的鼓励，后来成为美国历史上一个伟大的人物。本文说明了我们要为自己的将来作准备这一个道理。 15. B。考查上下文呼应。句意：你希望发生的而没有正在发生的事情是什么呢？由后面的“that isn't happening”可知答案是B。survive“幸存”；gain“获得”；win“赢得”，均不符合语境。 16. C。考查上下文呼应。句意：也许这个答案是你尚未准备好的。后面的“Maybe you need more time to prepare”可知答案为C。adventurous“冒险的”；active“积极的”；intelligent“聪明的”，均不符合语境。 17. D。考查语境逻辑。从前面的“Maybe you need more time to prepare before you are truly ready for that which”可知此处表示你需要更多的时间来为你想要的东西作准备。concern“关心”；arrange“安排”；adore“喜爱”，均不符合语境。 完形填空解题技法(十二) 复读查缺补漏法 做完之后，再用2～3分钟的时间将全文联系起来进行复读，查看所填单词或短语是否跟语境相符，是否与逻辑相悖。这样，通过查缺补漏，使答案万无一失，提高得分。 例题精讲 I was at a grocery store one evening. I had1(finished)selecting goods and as I was standing in line waiting for my2(turn), I noticed the woman3(directly)in front of me, who looked as if she had just had some kind of medical4(treatment). Her face looked as if she had known a lot of 5 and was tired of everything. She had bought everything 6 one would need to care for oneself at home. She7(kept)glancing at her groceries and counting the8(money)in her hand. I wish I had money to pay for her groceries. What can I do to9(help)her out? ... 5．A.pain B．experiences C．appointments D．surprise 6．A.in case B．for which C．so that D．that 【解析】　这是一篇记叙文。“我”在商店购物的时候看到助人为乐的一幕。“我”排队准备结账时，前面一个女士带的钱不够，于是有人出手相助。 5. A。6. D。在初次阅读这篇文章时很难对第5、6题作出直接的判断，但如果进行复读就很容易从上文中的medical treatment得出答案，故第5题选A。而对第6题所在的句子进行分析后就会发现：此处用that引导定语从句，that指代前面的everything, 并在从句中作need的宾语。 【技巧点拨】 复读是做完形填空的一个比较重要的环节，尤其是考生面对一些难度较大的文章时，第一遍读后往往会对许多问题的答案都似是而非，难以做出抉择，但通过复读这些问题往往就会迎刃而解。 课堂检测 Rossetti could see that the old fellow was deeply18(moved) . “Who is this fine young artist？”he asked . “Your son？”“No，”said the old man19(sadly). “It is me 40 years ago. If only I had heard your praise then！However, I got 20 and gave up too soon. ” 20. A．concerned B．abused C．independent D．discouraged 【解析】　这是一篇寓意深刻的记叙文。一位老人拿着一些画作让著名画家罗塞蒂进行评价，这位老人在40年前才华横溢，却由于得不到鼓励与帮助而放弃了他的追求。 20. D。如果不仔细阅读，有些考生可能没有发现if only引导的虚拟语气。老人也正是由于没有在四十年前听到这些赞美之词而失去勇气放弃了他的艺术。 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 课 堂 小 测 课堂检测 36~40 B A B A D 41~45 A C C A D 46~50 B D D B A 51~55 C A C D B ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 课 堂 小 结 Step 1. 思考回忆所学知识点，并将所学知识点列在下面 Step 2. 错题回顾 课 后 作 业 课后作业 练习（一） Square dancing is an American pastime. It __1__ in America during the California Gold Rush. Having been a __2__ folk tradition since 1851, it __3__ various traditional __4__ from around the world. In those days, men and women worked in __5__to build a house or __6__ crops. When the work was done, they usually danced merrily and __7__ in a store or in a farm kitchen. In this dance eight people work as a team, called a __8__, to successfully complete a set of complex dance figures that are __9__ by a caller, who calls out the __10__. Four couples stand facing the __11__ of the square, each couple standing on one side of the square, the boy on the left and the girl on the right. Large or __12__ numbers of people can dance at one time. Sometimes, 800 or 1,000 people may be dancing at the __13__ time. Or there may be only one square of eight people. Costumes are worn by those who square-dance. This makes the dancing more colourful to __14__. Women often wear full skirts of various __15__ with a pretty blouse. Men may have coloured shirts and __16__ trousers, which they wear only when square-dancing. In some country areas, everyone wears his __17__ clothes. Square dancing __18__ exists today, ever since President Ronald Reagan signed an Act (条约) of Congress in 1982 making square dancing the National Folk Dance of America. Many __19__ teach square dancing in Physical Education, and there are actually square dance competitions. In all parts of the United States you will find some schools, clubs, or other groups that are square dancing for __20__. 1. A. originated B developed C. grew D. came 2. A. respectable B. popular C. valueless D. disappointing 3. A. consisted of B. resulted from C. grew out of D. made out of 4. A. cultures B. arts C. costumes D. dances 5. A. groups B. masses C. numbers D. families 6. A. start B. harvest C. get D. cut 7. A. sadly B. excitedly C. happily D. curiously 8. A. team B. circle C. unit D. square 9. A. delivered B. asked C. thought D. introduced 10. A. actions B. movements C. ideas D. thoughts 11. A. side B. right C. center D. left 12. A. big B. considerable C. proper D. small 13. A. same B. different C. special D. usual 14. A. see B. watch C. notice D. observe 15. A. requirements B. demands C. colors D. levels 16. A. eastern B. Asian C. foreign D. western 17. A. best B. worst C. strangest D. cheapest 18. A. not longer B. still C. doubtfully D. never 19. A. groups B. offices C. schools D. clubs 20. A. happiness B. interests C. money D. fun CABAC  BCADA  BBCBA  CDABD 练习（二） Mexico, the largest nation in the region, is a good example of life in Middle America. Although Mexico is a large country, (1)______ 12 percent of its land is good for farming. (2)_______ 40 percent is good grassland. The rest of the land is hills and mountains, (3)_______ plateaus (高原), or wet coastal regions. The mountains are too (4)_______ to farm. The high plateau in the middle of Mexico would be good farmland if it had more (5)_______. The coastal areas receive so much (6)______ that the land (7)_______ becomes waterlogged (浸满水的). For all of these (8)_______, Mexicans must (9)_______ the good farmland they have. (10)_______ good farming has not always been (11)_______ in Mexico. For many (12)_______, Mexican farmers had (13)_______ traditional crops. These (14) ____ com, beans, and squash (南瓜). (15)_______, when the Spanish arrived in the 1500’s, they tried to (16)_______ new ideas. They thought new (17)_______ such as onions, turnips, sugarcane, and bananas would (18)_______ well in warm tropical (热带的) (19)_______. But the Mexicans wished to continue with their old (20)_______. 1. A. only B. for C. even D. with 2. A. Other B. Another C. The other D. All 3. A. dry B. beautiful C. far-away D. cool 4. A. warm B. hot C. high D. good 5. A. farmers B. hills C. water D. cattle 6. A. rain B. wind C. fog D. sunshine 7. A. often B. soon C. probably D. Slowly 8. A. things B. ideas C. reasons D. matters 9. A. pay attention to B. take care of C. be satisfied with D. be proud of 10. A. So B. Yet C. Because D. Obviously 11. A. difficult B. wonderful C. disappointed D. possible 12. A. days B. ages C. dynasties D. centuries 13. A. used B. grown C. seen D. missed 14. A. produced B. belonged to C. had D. included 15. A. At last B. Naturally C. However D. Otherwise 16. A. introduce B. replace C. mistake D. give up 17. A. plants B. vegetables C. fruits D. crops 18. A. be B. do C. plant D. receive 19. A. weather B. days C. countries D. time 20. A. thoughts B. ways C. things D. habits 26.解析：与句首Although引出的让步状语从句相呼应，用only强调12%的可耕面积实在太少了。 答案：A 27.解析：两个百分比（12%，40%）合起来并非全部土地，还有48%仍未提到，数据显然不只两项，故C不妥。 答案：B 28.解析：应考虑紧扣本文中心，从与农业有关的气候特征方面选择含贬义的词语，还可与下文wet coastal regions联系对照，选定dry。 答案：A 29.解析：本句为too...to句型，空格处应为表示不利于耕作的词语，又根据常识排除hot，选用high。 答案：C 30.解析：高原变良田的假设条件是要有“水”。 答案：C 31.解析：waterlogged的原因是“雨水”过多。 答案：A 32.解析：四个选项均为副词，要与much rain一致，应选often。 答案：A 33.解析：归纳上述种种缘故，引出以下结论：除reasons外的选项词义均与上文分析无法对上号。 答案：C 34.解析：C、D两种态度均与文意不符；A则在此搭配不妥。 答案：B 35.解析：本句承上启下：上面讲了土地贫瘠稀少，墨西哥人本该精心爱护；下面却说并没有好好耕种它，此处为转折语气，选用Yet。 答案：B 36.解析：主语是good farming，谓语为半否定，考虑下文大意，可排除A（difficult）、C（disappointed）等表示贬义的词，否则会自相矛盾；也不宜选用B（wonderful）这样的溢美之词。不然，句子语意会前后矛盾：good farming...not...wonderful。 答案：D 37.解析：“几百年”来形成的耕作传统。 答案：D 38.解析：grow与crops搭配。 答案：B 39.解析：介绍传统的作物品种，“包括……”。 答案：D 40.解析：本句介绍西班牙人16世纪初来到墨西哥后，曾企图改变当地的种植习惯，有转折语意，用however作插入语。 答案：C 41.解析：introduce（=bring in for the first time）为“引进”之意。 答案：A 42.解析：B、C、D三项均不能概括空后面所列举的四种作物。 答案：A 43.解析：do在此为不及物动词，意为“生长、发育”。 答案：B 44.解析：weather表示短暂的天气，在此不当；tropical如修饰days或time，也都不行，只能用countries。 答案：C 45.解析：墨西哥人“沿用”（continue with）旧有的种植方式，habits一般指个人习惯；thoughts指思想，均不确切，选用ways，才属得当。 答案：B 练习（三） Children find meanings in their old family tales. When Stephen Guyer’s three children were growing up, he told them stories about how his grandfather, a banker, 1 all in the 1930s, but did not lose sight of what he valued most. In one of the darkest times 2 his strong-minded grandfather was nearly 3 , he loaded his family into the car and 4 them to see family members in Canada with a 5 ,“there are more important things in life than money.” The 6 took on a new meaning recently when MrGuyer downsized to a 7 house from a more expensive and comfortable one. He was 8 that his children, a daughter, 15, and twins, 22, would be upset. To his surprise, they weren’t. 9 , their reaction echoed (共鸣) their great-grandfather’s. What they 10 was how warm the people were in the house and how 11 of their heart was accessible. Many parents are finding family stories have surprising power to help children 12 hard times. Storytelling experts say the phenomenon reflects a growing 13 in telling tales, evidenced by a rise in a storytelling events and festivals. A university 14 of 65 families with children aged from 14 to 16 found kids’ ability to 15 parents’ stories was linked to a lower rate of anger and anxiety. The 16 is telling the stories in a way children can 17 . We’re not talking here about the kind of story that 18 , “When I was a kid, I walked to school every day uphill both ways, barefoot in the snow.” Instead, we should choose a story suited to the child’s 19 , and make eye contact (接触) to create “a personal experience”. We don’t have to tell children 20 they should take from the story and what the moral is.” 1. A. missed B. lost C. forgot D. ignored 2. A. when B. while C. how D. why 3. A. friendless B. worthless C. penniless D. homeless 4. A fetched B. allowed C. expected D. took 5. A. hope B. promise C. suggestion D. belief 6. A. tale B. agreement C. arrangement D. report 7. A. large B. small C. new D. grand 8. A. surprised B. annoyed C. disappointed D. worried 9. A. Therefore B. Besides C. Instead D. Otherwise 10. A. talked about B. cared about C. wrote about D. heard about 11. A. much B. many C. little D. few 12. A. beyond B. over C. behind D. through 13. A. argument B. skill C. interest D. anxiety 14. A. study B. design C. committee D. staff 15. A. provide B. retell C. support D. refuse 16. A. trouble B. gift C. fact D. trick 17. A. perform B. write C. hear D. question 18. A. means B. ends C. begins D. proves 19. A. needs B. activities C. judgments D. habits 20. A. that B. what C. which D. whom 1-5BACDD  6-10ABDCB  11-15ADCAB  16-20DCCABB 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$