专题07 六选四句子填空（精选名校试卷15篇）【考题猜想】-2024-2025学年高二英语上学期期中考点大串讲（上海）

2024-2025学年高二上学期期中考点大串讲（上海） 专题07 六选四选句填空精选15篇 （原题版） 01 Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. 【来源】上海市闸北第八中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期中英语试卷 Soil conservation methods help farmers protect their land from the damage caused by farming and the forces of nature. One method of soil conservation is the use of windbreaks. Windbreaks are barriers formed by trees and other plants. 1 Windbreaks help prevent the loss of soil. They stop the wind from blowing soil away. They also keep the wind from damaging or destroying crops. Windbreaks can be highly valuable for protecting grain crops. For example, studies have been done on windbreaks in parts of West Africa. These studies found that grain harvests were as much as twenty percent higher in fields protected by windbreaks compared to fields without them. 2 They seem to work best when they allow some wind to pass through the barrier of trees or plants around a field. If not, then the movement of air close to the ground will lift the soil. Then the soil will be blown away. For this reason, a windbreak works best if it contains only sixty to eighty percent of the trees and plants that would be needed to make a solid line. An easy rule to remember is that windbreaks can protect areas up to ten times the height of the tallest trees in the windbreak. There should be at least two lines in each windbreak. 3 The second line, right next to it, can be shorter trees and other plants with leaves. Locally grown trees and plants are considered the best choices for windbreaks. Windbreaks not only protect land and crops from the wind. Surplus trees can be cut down and used or sold for wood. Trees reduce the damaging effects of wind and rain. Their roots help protect soil from being washed away. And trees can provide another valuable service for agriculture. 4 A．Crops in fields can be protected by windbreaks. B．Farmers plant these barriers around their fields. C．One line should be large trees. D．But here is something interesting about windbreaks. E．Then the soil will be washed away. F．They can provide grazing animals with shade from the sun. 02 Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. 【来源】上海市曹杨二中2023-2024学年高二上学期期中试卷英语试题 The World’s Worst Airport Like expensive watches that never break, the world’s best airports can be boring. You land, breeze through passport control and check into a hotel within minutes. The experience is pleasant, but not memorable. 5 To adapt Tolstoy, lovely airports are all alike, but every wretched (不幸的) airport is wretched in its own way. Consider Juba, the airport in South Sudan’s capital, which is a hot tent. Planes are often late, so passengers must sweat for hours. The departure hall has no toilets, no food and no queuing system. Lucky is the traveller who finds a chair that is only half-broken. Since dirty water and tropical diseases are common, so are upset stomachs. Tough luck. Travellers should have thought twice before eating salad. 6 Big important people’s servants carry their bags, which are ostentatiously (卖弄地)) passed round, not through, the scanner. Since the machine seldom works, little peopled are in effect up-graded to big important status by not having their bags scanned for guns and explosives, either. South Sudan is at war, so many UN planes take off from Juba carrying aid workers and emergency supplies. 7 When a journalist was booked on a UN flight, he was assured by the government that his papers were in order. Yet at the airport he was told to get a fourth permit, as well as the three expensive ones he had already obtained. This required a trip across town. Predictably, he missed his plane. Juba has three terminals, but only one is in use. After South Sudan became independent in 2011, the government planned to build an airy structure of glass, steel and concrete. 8 In 2016 the government decided to build a more modest terminal. But it, too, stands half-completed and empty, next to the tented camp that people actually have to use. Travellers are advised to bring a good, long book. A．Aggressive officials in sunglasses take pleasure in blocking them. B．Working out which is the world’s worst airport is not easy. C．Security is terrible. D．Work started in 2012, but stopped when the bills were paid. E．The worst airports have more characters. F．Although each awful airport is unique, four themes are very common. 03 Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. 【来源】上海市进才中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期中英语试卷 The Rise of Pop-up Chefs Jeremy Baras remembers the first time he ever saw a pop-up a restaurant. The 26-year-old entrepreneur was on vacation in England four years ago and had to look up at the London Eye Ferries wheel to see it. 9 “I thought that was the coolest thing ever”, he says. Baras, who founded PopUpRepublic. com in 2012 to promote the idea of pop-up restaurants in USA, has been studying them ever since. Pop-ups, which have been around since the early 2000s, are open anywhere from a few hours to several months, but their defining feature is that they are temporary. They may be only a tiny part of the $709 billion U.S. restaurant industry, but popups have gotten a boost in recent years as a lower-cost, lower-risk way for entrepreneurs to test the waters. 10 And some struggling cities, like Oakland, Calif., have turned to them to help revitalize local economies affected by the economic downturn. The concept has been especially popular with up-and-coming chefs who want to test-drive as a menu concept without investing a fortune in a permanent space. “Your cooks and chefs are really talented. 11 Ours, quite the contrary.” says Zach Kupperman, chief businessman officer and co-founder of Dinner Lab. Pop-ups’ temporary nature also allows restaurateurs to charge extra. Dinner Lab, for instance, charges diners an annual membership fee of $125 to $175, depending on where they live, plus $50 to $85 a head for each meal. “It’s the fear of missing out,” explains Zach. 12 There is no guarantee that diners won’t grow tired of the concept. Some entrepreneurs have resorted to even a weirder location — in a former limestone mine, say, or at the top of a crane — to keep customers interested. A．Some restaurant owners see them as a way to renew interest in existing locations. B．It’s not quite part of the mainstream economy yet. C．However, they’ re stuck in the back of somebody else’s kitchen cooking somebody else’s menu. D．Of course, trends in the food industry come and go quickly. E．Nevertheless, they are here today and gone tomorrow. F．Hanging above him was a capsule full of diners who were served a new course each time a revolution was made. 04 Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. 【来源】上海市华东师范大学第二附属中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期中英语试卷 How to Become an Ambitious Go-Getter if You Are Lazy by Nature Sometimes you wonder if you have a chance of being as successful as one of your friends or those popular on Instagram or YouTube. Sometimes you wonder if you are good or smart enough to get what you truly want. 13 Remember, no one and nothing will help you succeed until you take the following steps. Don’t create a big list of goals. Lazy people have trouble achieving a few goals at once, which is why they tend to fail at the very beginning of travelling the road to success. Setting big goals is great, but only for those who are willing to work 24/7 to achieve those goals. I am not one of them so I usually focus on one thing at a time to them. 14 Think about your mistakes on Day 1, consider what you should improve on Day 2, and try to fix it on Day 3. Take it slowly, and you will certainly get what you want. Monitor your internal dialogue. If you keep telling yourself that you will never gain success or that you are not hard-working enough to take challenging tasks, you will never become an ambitious go-getter. 15 When you have a negative thought, try to turn it into a positive one. Positive internal dialogue is a perfect motivator and energy-booster. Get organized in all the areas of your life. Messy room? Messy workplace? Messy car? Messy mind? Hey, how are you going to get what you want with all that mess? Don’t you think it is time to finally get organized? Can’t live without TV? Sell it. Addicted to iPhone? Sell it and buy a cheap phone that has only text and call options. 16 Expand your horizons. You should get outside of your comfort zone in order to grow and get what you want. The more new things you try, the more experience you gain. The more experience you have, the easier you achieve your goals. Staying in your comfort zone is comfortable because you don’t have to take any risks, but ask any millionaire and they would say that risks are a part of success. If you really want to go somewhere further than your coach, make yourself try now new things and take risks. A．The questions are all indicators that you are on the way to making a transformation. B．All these little self-doubts are the biggest obstacles stopping you from being go-getting. C．While self-assessment is precious assets, you should look at it from different perspectives. D．Negative self-talk can destroy your self-esteem and lead to the road of misery. E．For instance, you want to land your dream job but you were rejected after the last interview. F．Remove the distractions, get rid of the mess and start with a clean house and clear mind. 05 Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. 【来源】上海市交通大学附属中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期中英语试题 The Greatest Living Briton Voted the Greatest Living Briton, Tim Berners-Lee was born in East Sheen, an unremarkable part of southwest London. He grew up in a family where computers and mathematics were seen as a fun, everyday part of life. His parents had met while working on the Ferranti Mark 1, the first commercially available computer. From an early age, he picked up on their enthusiasm and recalls early conversations with his father about the potential of computers. Berners-Lee left school to study at Queen’s College, Oxford, where he built his first computer from an old television. Gaining a first class degree in physics, he went into software development for a number of different companies, before finally ending up at CERN in Switzerland. It was at CERN that the ideas which would make him famous began to take shape. 17 The different systems were unable to communicate with each other. He began to address this problem during his first period at CERN. But it wasn’t until Berners-Lee returned there in 1984 that he was able to turn his ideas into reality. By 1989, CERN had the biggest Internet site in Europe. Berners-Lee’s vision was that computers all over the world would be able to talk to each other using a language—hypertext—that he would create. In 1991, he put the first website online. This provided an explanation of the World Wide Web. 18 The rest, as they say, is history. Berners-Lee is modest about his achievements. He explains that he was just one of many people at the forefront of computer technology at the time. He also feels that if he had not invented the web, someone else would have done it. However, if that had been the case, the Internet might have been something very different. It might, for example, not have been free. 19 John Poole of Image Computer Systems, who employed Berners-Lee in the 1970s, admires his position: “What impresses me is that he was not in it for money. His dream was a free interchange of information, and he stood by his principles.” Berners-Lee is still heavily involved in the World Wide Web. He left CERN in 1994 to set up the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), an organization whose aim is to improve the quality of the web. It is also committed to maintaining the idea that the web should be free. 20 The truth is, however, he’d probably far rather be somewhere else writing computer code. In 2012, he was honored at the Summer Olympics where he was introduced as the “Inventor of the World Wide Web”. In characteristic fashion, he sent an online message that was instantly spread out on screens both in the stadium and all around the world: “This is for everyone.” A．Many people claim that Berners-Lee’s greatest achievement is that the web carries no fees, no charges and no restrictions. B．His goal was to provide researchers with the ability to share their results, techniques, and practices without having to exchange e-mail constantly. C．Berners-Lee also spends a lot of time meeting world leaders and business people promoting the web and its free status. D．In 2004, he was given a special honour for his pioneering work by Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ and he became Sir Tim Berners-Lee. E．Visitors could also learn more about hypertext, find out how to create their own webpages, and how to search the web for information. F．Although the “Internet” already existed in some form, in those days it consisted of separate unconnected networks. 06 Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. 【来源】上海市洋泾中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期中考试英语试卷 Despite the fact that American companies have been “global” for a very long time now, many people today inside companies still misunderstand cultural differences. They misperceive potential foreign-born workers, for example, as too “shy” or not “confident” enough. 21 In many cultures, it is just not appropriate to make small talk with someone you don’t know, especially someone above you in the corporate level. 22 For example, if you express your loyalty to a particular team without knowing that of your colleagues, you might put them in the uncomfortable position of having to either conceal their own preference or express something that conflicts with yours. So, you can imagine how challenging it can be for someone from a non-small talk culture to try to fit into a US corporate setting. In addition, the US is basically a “straight-shooter (坦率的人)” style culture, where it is cultural valued to tell it like it is. But this isn’t necessarily true worldwide. For example, in Japan, people prefer to communicate indirectly, especially when it comes to a sensitive topic. To avoid accidentally damaging a relationship, people approach problems through subtle hints or general statements. If someone were to directly state a problem, it would make them look ungraceful, immature, and untrustworthy. 23 Americans tend to be relatively informal in a business context. 24 Many cultures are quite formal, especially when interacting with superiors. In general, Indian culture, for example, is very formal. Indians typically greet their elders and superiors by title (Sir, Mr. , Dr. , Professor) and never by their first name. This is also the case at the university, where students act with extreme levels of respect towards their professors. The above discussion just hits the tip of the iceberg of the different cultural misinterpretations in corporate America. For American employers to succeed in selecting, training, inspiring and keeping their top foreign-born talent, it is high time that they started taking account of these cultural differences in their leadership selection process. A．There is a significant problem in corporate America today with foreign workers. B．In fact, many people are quite surprised at the level of informality in American businesses. C．Someone who avoids making small talk can be seen as unfriendly or not a team player. D．However, in reality, with a moderate amount of training, these high-performing individuals could be corporate leaders of tomorrow. E．It can also be impolite and even dangerous to openly express your opinion. F．But from the perspective of American culture, this more indirect style appears as if someone is “hiding” the truth. 07 Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. 【来源】上海市徐汇中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期中英语试题 If women are mercilessly exploited year after year, they have only themselves to blame. 25 Clothes which have been worn only a few times have to be put aside because of the change of fashion. When you come to think of it, only a woman is capable of standing in front of a wardrobe packed full of clothes and announcing sadly that she has nothing to wear. 26 Many women spend vast sums of money each year to replace clothes that have hardly been worn. Women who cannot afford to throw away clothing in this way, waste hours of their time altering the dresses they have. Skirts are lengthened or shortened; necklines are lowered or raised, and so on. No one can claim that the fashion industry contributes anything really important to society. Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth, comfort and durability. 27 There can hardly be a man who hasn’t at some time in his life smiled at the sight of a woman shaking in a thin dress on a winter day, or delicately picking her way through deep snow in high-heeled shoes. When comparing men and women in the matter of fashion, the conclusions to be drawn are obvious. Do the constantly changing fashions of women’s clothes, one wonders, reflect basic qualities of inconstancy and instability? 28 Do their unchanging styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stability and reliability? That is for you to decide. A．Men are too clever to let themselves be cheated by fashion designers. B．Men are also exploited greatly by fashion designers. C．Because they tremble at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion, they are always taken advantage of by the designers and the big stores. D．Changing fashions are nothing more than the intentional creation of waste. E．They are only interested in outward appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will put up with any amount of discomfort, as long as they look right. F．The constant changes in women’s clothing reflect their strength of character. 08 Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. 【来源】上海市行知中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期中考试英语试卷 Essential Creativity In a recent survey in America, 62% of people said that creativity was more important to success in the workplace than they had expected it to be when they were in school. 29 It is of course possible to scan people’s brains and see which parts are firing when an idea is created, but rather more romantically it can be thought of as something that cannot be identified. Creativity is what comes to you when you least expect it. You cannot demand creativity from your mind, nor can you demand that you are creative in a particular way. One misconception about creativity is that it is reserved for a few special people. This is not true. 30 Another misconception is that creativity is all about the arts but this simply isn’t true: creativity extends to maths and science in just the way it does to music and literature. Those who see things differently to others and are confident enough to make their ideas a reality are the ones who make the greatest changes in the world. Consequently, it is incredibly important that schools do not prevent creativity. 31 Students should be taught to ask questions and investigate when things do not make sense. They need to learn to view mistakes as opportunities for learning rather than something that was unsuccessful. It is worrying that many schools are less concerned now with nurturing creativity when this is the most important time in history for it. It used to be that people worked hard, went to university, and got a job. That was it. But now, everyone works hard, goes to university and there aren’t the jobs out there that guarantee a safe future. 32 We can use it to set ourselves apart, and channel it to face the challenges of the future. A．Creativity is associated with many factors. B．Rather, they should work to expand, grow, and exercise it. C．Without creativity, we are indistinguishable from the masses. D．However, creativity can be acquired at any age. E．It’s hard to work out where exactly creativity comes from. F．Everyone has the capacity to be creative. 09 Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. 【来源】上海市奉贤区格致中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期中考试英语试卷 The quality of patience goes a long way toward your goal of creating a more peaceful and loving self. The more patient you are, the more accepting you will be of what life is, rather than insisting that life be exactly as you would like it to be. Without patience, life is extremely frustrating. 33 Patience adds some ease and acceptance to your life. It’s important for inner peace. 34 If you are stuck in a traffic jam, late for an appointment, being patient would mean keeping yourself from building a mental snowball before your thinking gets out of hand and gently reminding yourself to relax. It might also be a good time to breathe as well as an opportunity to remind yourself that, in the bigger scheme of things, being late is “small stuff”. Patience is a quality of heart that can be greatly enhanced with deliberate practice. 35 They are the periods of time that I set up in my mind to practise the art of patience. Life itself becomes a classroom, and the curriculum is patience. You can start with as little as five minutes and build up your capacity for patience over time. What you’ll discover is truly amazing. Your intention to be patient, especially if you know it’s only for a short while, immediately strengthens your capacity for patience. Patience is one of those qualities where success feeds on itself. Once you reach little milestone—five minutes of successful patience—you’ll begin to see that you do indeed have the capacity to be patient, even for longer periods of time. Over time, you may even become a patient person. Being patient will help you to keep your perspective. You will see even a difficult situation, say your present challenge, isn’t “life or death” but simply a minor obstacle that must be dealt with. 36 A．An effective way that I have found to deepen my own patience is to create actual practise periods. B．You are more easily annoyed and bothered. C．It is generally believed that the quality of being patient is very difficult to develop. D．Becoming more patient involves opening your heart to the present moment, even if you don’t like it. E．Without patience, you will see the same scene as an emergency complete with yelling, frustration, hurt feelings and high blood pressure. F．If you lack patience, you are destined to fail in what you are pursuing. 10 Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. 【来源】上海市华东师范大学第二附属中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期中考试英语试卷 Why should mankind explore space? Perhaps the best answer lies in our genetic makeup as human beings. What prompted our distant ancestors to move from the trees into the plains, and on into all possible areas and environments? 37 . The wider the distribution of a species, the better its chance of survival. Exploration also allows minerals and other potential resources to be located. Additional resources are always beneficial when used wisely, and can increase our chances of survival. Knowledge or techniques acquired through exploration, or preparing to explore, filter from the developers into society at large. 38 . Also, we have already benefited from other by-products, including improvements in earthquake prediction — which has saved many lives —  in satellites used for weather forecasting and in communications systems. Even non-stick saucepans and mirrored sunglasses are by-products of technological developments in the space industry! 39 . The chances of a large comet hitting the Earth are small, but it could happen in time. Such strikes in the past may account for the extinction of dinosaurs and other species. Human technology is reaching the point where it might be able to detect the possibility of this happening, and enable us to minimize the damage, or prevent it completely, allowing us as a species to avoid extinction. In certain circumstances, life on Earth may become impossible: over-population or wide spread diseases, for instance, might eventually force us to find other places to live. While the earth is the only planet known to sustain life, surely the adaptive ability of humans would allow us to inhabit other planets and moons. It is true that the lifestyle would be different, but human life and cultures have adapted in the past and surely could in the future. 40 . A．The techniques may have medical applications which can improve the length or quality of our lives. B．Space allows us to expand and succeed: for the sake of everyone on the earth, now and in the future, space exploration is essential. C．The mysterious space objects varying in size have been fascinated scientists and scholars for years. D．It appears that we are driven to ensure the success and continuation of not just our own genes, but of the species as a whole. E．Therefore it still poses a problem for us human beings whether to explore the space at the cost of our own homelands. F．While space may hold many wonders and explanations of how the universe was formed or how it works, it also holds dangers. 11 Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. 【来源】上海市华东政法大学附属松江高级中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期中试题 What time do schools typically start? It depends on where they are. Some schools start early — at 7 a.m. in Brazil. In France, schools start at 8. In Australia, schools open their doors an hour later, at 9 a.m. In the U.S., schedules vary, but many opening school bells ring before 8. So is an earlier or a later start time better? For years, this has been debated. 41 They have long said that asking teens to show up to class before 8:00 a.m. isn’t good for their health or their report cards. In recent years, 70 districts across the U.S. have also changed their hours. Supporters of this idea expect that more school districts will follow. One reason for the later start times is that people have mostly stopped debating the science that supports it. In 2014, the American Academy of Pediatrics released a statement regarding school start times. Starting later isn’t the cure for all teen health and academic problems, the AAP said. 42 “Essentially, across the board, any area that you look at improves pretty dramatically” with later school start times, said an expert. In fact, research from countries around the world confirms that adolescents who get enough sleep are healthier overall. They also do better in school. So why don’t teens — who need about nine hours of sleep each night — just go to bed earlier? Researcher Paul Kelley from the University of Oxford in England says that adolescents experience a change in their biological clocks. 43 Teens are also wired to wake up later in the morning. Therefore, Kelley says, early wake times can cause teens to be short on sleep. So why don’t all high schools start later? The obstacles are often financial. In the U.S., public schools in St. Paul, Minnesota, delayed the adoption of later start times for all its high school students because of transportation issues. It would have cost St. Paul about $8 million to buy the additional buses needed, explained Jackie Statum Allen, assistant director for strategic planning and police. 44 A．But it can improve students’ lives in many ways. B．Many are concerned that a later school day will cause problems. C．Now, more U.S. school districts are beginning to take the advice of scientists. D．As a result, they naturally fall asleep later at night than many parents would like. E．It would be much better to put that money into the classroom rather than the gas tank. F．Schools put a plan in place for a later start time after the district listened to parent feedback. 12 Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. 【来源】上海市吴淞中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题 In so many ways, cyberspace (网络空间) mirrors the real world. People ask for information, play games, and share hobby tips. Others buy and sell products. Still others look for friendship, or even love. Unlike the real world, however, your knowledge about a person is limited to words on a computer screen. Identity and appearance mean very little in cyberspace. 45 So even the shyest person can become a chat-room star. Usually, this “faceless” communication doesn’t create problems. Identity doesn’t really matter when you’re in a chat room discussing politics or hobbies. In fact, this emphasis on the idea themselves makes the Internet a great place for exciting conversation. Where else can so many people come together to chat about their interests? 46 They are looking for serious love relationships. Is cyberspace a good place to find love? That answer depends on whom you ask. Some of these relationships actually succeed. Others fail miserably. Supporters of online relationships claim that the Internet allows couples to get to know each other intellectually first. Personal appearance doesn’t get in the way. But critics of online relationships argue that no one can truly know another person in cyberspace. Why? Because the Internet gives users a lot of control over how others view them. Internet users can carefully craft their words to fit whatever image they want to give. And they don’t have to worry about what their “faceless” communication is doing for their image. 47 All of this may be fine if the relationship stays in cyberspace. But not knowing a person is a big problem in a love relationship. 48 This inevitably leads to disappointment when couples meet in person. How someone imagines an online friend is often quite different from the real person. So, before looking for love in cyberspace, remember the advice of Internet pioneer Clifford Stoll: “Life in the real world is far richer than anything you’ll find on a computer screen.” A．Rather, a person’s thoughts-or at least the thoughts they type-are what really count. B．In a sense, they’re not really themselves. C．With so many unknowns, it’s easy to let one’s imagination “fill in the blanks”. D．But Some Internet users want more than just someone to chat with. E．The internet encourages people to express their ideas in a freer way. F．However,online relationship will be damaged by this kind of image. 13 Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. 【来源】上海市交通大学附属中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期中英语试卷 How to show others you care The idea that kindness can boost happiness is hardly new. Studies have shown that prosocial behavior — basically, voluntarily helping others — can help lower people’s daily stress levels, and that simple acts of connection, like texting a friend, mean more than many of us realize. 49 “I have found that kindness can be a really hard sell,” said Tara Cousineau, a clinical psychologist, “People desire kindness yet often feel troubled by the thought of being kind.” 50 They may question whether their gesture or gift will be misinterpreted, or whether it will make the recipient feel pressured to pay it back. 51 Jennifer Oldham, who lost her 9-year-old daughter Hallie in July, recently created a Facebook group — Keeping Kindness for Hallie — that encourages participants to engage in random acts of kindness. People have bought groceries and donated school supplies in Hallie’s honor. “It will help your own heart, maybe even more than the recipients,” said Ms. Oldham. If you are not already in the habit of performing random kind acts, or if it does not come naturally to you, start by thinking about what you like to do. It’s not about you being like, ‘Oh man, now I have to learn how to bake cookies in order to be nice’. It’s about: 52 And how can you turn that into an offering for other people? A．What skills and talents do you already have? B．Stress can also keep people from being kind to others. C．Why are recipients less likely to appreciate a random act of kindness? D．But an act of kindness is unlikely to fail, and in some instances it can create even more kindness. E．People who perform a random act of kindness tend to underestimate how much the recipient will appreciate it. F．But researchers who study kindness and friendship say they hope the new findings strengthen the scientific case for making these types of gestures more often. 14 Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. 【来源】上海市复旦大学附属中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期中英语试卷 About 2,400 years ago in Athens a man was put to death for asking too many questions. There were philosophers before him, but it was with Socrates that the subject really took off. 53 . Snub-nosed, podgy, shabby and a bit strange, Socrates did not fit in. Although physically ugly and often unwashed, he had great charisma and a brilliant mind. Everyone in Athens agreed that there had never been anyone quite like him and probably wouldn’t be again. He was unique. But he was also extremely annoying. He saw himself as one of those horseflies that have a nasty bite—a gadfly. 54 . Not everyone in Athens agreed, though. Some loved him; others thought him a dangerous influence. As a young man he had been a brave soldier fighting in the Peloponnesian War against the Spartans and their allies. In middle age he shuffled around the marketplace, stopping people from time to time and asking them awkward questions. 55 . But the questions he asked were razor-sharp. They seemed straightforward; but they weren’t. An example of this was his conversation with Euthydemus. Socrates asked him whether being deceitful counted as being immoral. Of course it does, Euthydemus replied. He thought that was obvious. But what, Socrates asked, if your friend is feeling very low and might kill himself, and you steal his knife? Isn’t that a deceitful act? Of course it is. But isn’t it moral rather than immoral to do that? It’s a good thing, not a bad one—despite being a deceitful act. Yes, said Euthydemus, who by now is tied in knots. Socrates by using a clever counter-example has shown that Euthydemus’ general comment that being deceitful is immoral doesn’t apply in every situation. Euthydemus hadn’t realized this before. Over and over again Socrates demonstrated that the people he met in the marketplace didn’t really know what they thought they knew. A military commander would begin a conversation totally confident that he knew what “courage” meant, but after 20 minutes in Socrates’ company would leave completely confused. The experience must have been disconcerting. Socrates loved to reveal the limits of what people genuinely understood, and to question the assumptions on which they built their lives. 56 . Far better that than to carry on believing that you understood something when you didn’t. A．That was more or less all he did. B．What made Socrates so wise was that he kept asking questions and he was always willing to debate his ideas. C．They are irritating, but don’t do serious harm. D．If philosophy has a patron saint, it is Socrates. E．It meant understanding the true nature of our existence, including the limits of what we can know. F．A conversation that ended in everyone realizing how little they knew was for him a success. 15 Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. 【来源】上海市市西中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期中考试英语试卷 When there are debates about the world’s top performing education systems, the names that usually get mentioned are the Asian powerhouses such as Singapore and South Korea or the Nordic know-alls, such as Finland or Norway. But with much less recognition, Canada has climbed into the top tier of international rankings. In the most recent round of international Pise tests, Canada was one of a handful of countries to appear in the top 10 for maths, science and reading. The tests, run by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), are a major study of educational performance and show Canada’s teenagers as among the best educated in the world. 57 At university level, Canada has the world’s highest proportion of working-age adults who have been through higher education — 55% compared with an average in OECD countries of 35%. 58 The top performers are often compact (紧凑的) societies and the current highest achiever, Singapore, has been seen as a model of systematic progress, with each part of the education system integrated into an overarching national strategy. Canada does not even really have a national education system. It is based on autonomous provinces and it is hard to think of a bigger contrast between a city state such as Singapore and sprawling land mass such as Canada. The OECD, trying to understand Canada’s success in education, described the role of the federal government as “limited and sometimes non-existent”. 59 Andreas Schleicher, the OECD’s education director, says Canada’s “big uniting theme is equity”. Despite the different policies in individual provinces, there is a common commitment to an equal chance in school. He says there is a strong sense of fairness and equal access — and this is seen in the high academic performance of migrant children. Within three years of arriving, the Pisa tests show the children of new migrants have scores as high as the rest of their schoolmates. 60 Another distinguishing feature is that Canada’s teachers are well paid by international standards — and entry into teaching is highly selective. A．It makes Canada one of the few countries where migrant children achieve at a level similar to their non-migrant counterparts. B．Canada’s success in school tests is also very unusual compared with other international trends. C．Is school funding linked to results of international Pisa tests? D．There have been systematic efforts to improve literacy and testing and assessment to identify schools or individuals who are struggling. E．So how has Canada overtaken so many other countries in education? F．They are far ahead of geographical neighbours such as the US and European countries with strong cultural ties like the UK and France. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年高二上学期期中考点大串讲（上海） 专题07 六选四选句填空精选15篇 （解析版） 01 Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. 【来源】上海市闸北第八中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期中英语试卷 Soil conservation methods help farmers protect their land from the damage caused by farming and the forces of nature. One method of soil conservation is the use of windbreaks. Windbreaks are barriers formed by trees and other plants. 1 Windbreaks help prevent the loss of soil. They stop the wind from blowing soil away. They also keep the wind from damaging or destroying crops. Windbreaks can be highly valuable for protecting grain crops. For example, studies have been done on windbreaks in parts of West Africa. These studies found that grain harvests were as much as twenty percent higher in fields protected by windbreaks compared to fields without them. 2 They seem to work best when they allow some wind to pass through the barrier of trees or plants around a field. If not, then the movement of air close to the ground will lift the soil. Then the soil will be blown away. For this reason, a windbreak works best if it contains only sixty to eighty percent of the trees and plants that would be needed to make a solid line. An easy rule to remember is that windbreaks can protect areas up to ten times the height of the tallest trees in the windbreak. There should be at least two lines in each windbreak. 3 The second line, right next to it, can be shorter trees and other plants with leaves. Locally grown trees and plants are considered the best choices for windbreaks. Windbreaks not only protect land and crops from the wind. Surplus trees can be cut down and used or sold for wood. Trees reduce the damaging effects of wind and rain. Their roots help protect soil from being washed away. And trees can provide another valuable service for agriculture. 4 A．Crops in fields can be protected by windbreaks. B．Farmers plant these barriers around their fields. C．One line should be large trees. D．But here is something interesting about windbreaks. E．Then the soil will be washed away. F．They can provide grazing animals with shade from the sun. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．F 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了防风林的作用和特点。 1．根据上文“Windbreaks are barriers formed by trees and other plants.(防风林是由树木和其他植物形成的屏障)”可知，上文提到了防风林的概念，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文。选项B“农民在田地周围种植这些障碍物”符合语境，介绍了防风林通常出现在哪儿，故选B。 2．根据后文“They seem to work best when they allow some wind to pass through the barrier of trees or plants around a field. If not, then the movement of air close to the ground will lift the soil. Then the soil will be blown away.(当它们允许一些风穿过田地周围树木或植物的屏障时，它们似乎效果最好。如果不是，那么靠近地面的空气运动将抬升土壤。然后土壤就会被吹走)”可知，后文提到允许风穿过屏障的效果最好，可知是在介绍防风林原理的一些相关知识。故选项D“但这里有一些关于防风林的有趣之处”可以反映本段的主题，介绍一些关于防风林的有趣之处，故选D。 3．根据上文“There should be at least two lines in each windbreak.(每个防风林至少要有两行)”以及后句后文“The second line, right next to it, can be shorter trees and other plants with leaves.(第二行，就在它旁边，可以是较矮的树和其他有叶子的植物)”可知，上文提到防风林有两行，后文提到了第二行，可知本句是在说明第一行。故选项C“一行应该是大树”符合语境，介绍防风林的构成，故选C。 4．根据上文“Trees reduce the damaging effects of wind and rain. Their roots help protect soil from being washed away. And trees can provide another valuable service for agriculture.(树木减少了风和雨的破坏性影响。它们的根有助于保护土壤不被冲走。树木可以为农业提供另一种有价值的服务)”可知，本句承接上文，说明树木提供的另一种有价值的服务具体是什么。故选项F“它们可以为放牧动物提供遮阳处”可以承接上文，介绍树木的另一个作用，故选F。 02 Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. 【来源】上海市曹杨二中2023-2024学年高二上学期期中试卷英语试题 The World’s Worst Airport Like expensive watches that never break, the world’s best airports can be boring. You land, breeze through passport control and check into a hotel within minutes. The experience is pleasant, but not memorable. 5 To adapt Tolstoy, lovely airports are all alike, but every wretched (不幸的) airport is wretched in its own way. Consider Juba, the airport in South Sudan’s capital, which is a hot tent. Planes are often late, so passengers must sweat for hours. The departure hall has no toilets, no food and no queuing system. Lucky is the traveller who finds a chair that is only half-broken. Since dirty water and tropical diseases are common, so are upset stomachs. Tough luck. Travellers should have thought twice before eating salad. 6 Big important people’s servants carry their bags, which are ostentatiously (卖弄地)) passed round, not through, the scanner. Since the machine seldom works, little peopled are in effect up-graded to big important status by not having their bags scanned for guns and explosives, either. South Sudan is at war, so many UN planes take off from Juba carrying aid workers and emergency supplies. 7 When a journalist was booked on a UN flight, he was assured by the government that his papers were in order. Yet at the airport he was told to get a fourth permit, as well as the three expensive ones he had already obtained. This required a trip across town. Predictably, he missed his plane. Juba has three terminals, but only one is in use. After South Sudan became independent in 2011, the government planned to build an airy structure of glass, steel and concrete. 8 In 2016 the government decided to build a more modest terminal. But it, too, stands half-completed and empty, next to the tented camp that people actually have to use. Travellers are advised to bring a good, long book. A．Aggressive officials in sunglasses take pleasure in blocking them. B．Working out which is the world’s worst airport is not easy. C．Security is terrible. D．Work started in 2012, but stopped when the bills were paid. E．The worst airports have more characters. F．Although each awful airport is unique, four themes are very common. 【答案】5．E 6．C 7．A 8．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界上最差的机场——南苏丹首都朱巴机场的情况。 5．根据上文“Like expensive watches that never break, the world’s best airports can be boring. You land, breeze through passport control and check into a hotel within minutes. The experience is pleasant, but not memorable.(就像昂贵的手表永远不会坏一样，世界上最好的机场也可能很无聊。你降落后，轻松通过护照检查，几分钟内就能入住酒店。这种经历令人愉快，但并不令人难忘)”以及后文“To adapt Tolstoy, lovely airports are all alike, but every wretched (不幸的) airport is wretched in its own way.(用托尔斯泰的话来说，可爱的机场都是相似的，但每个倒霉的机场却各有各的倒霉)”可知，后文提到了倒霉的机场，上文提到了并不令人难忘，可知本句为过渡句，意在指出令人难忘的最差的机场。故选E项“最差的机场有更多的特点”符合语境，故选E。 6．根据本段内容“Big important people’s servants carry their bags, which are ostentatiously (卖弄地)) passed round, not through, the scanner. Since the machine seldom works, little peopled are in effect up-graded to big important status by not having their bags scanned for guns and explosives, either.(重要人物的仆人帮他们拿着包，这些包会被招摇地绕过扫描仪，而不是通过扫描仪。由于这台机器很少工作，小人物实际上也被升级为大人物，因为他们的行李也没有被扫描是否有枪支和爆炸物)”可知，后文提到了行李没有被扫描是否有枪支和爆炸物，说明安全问题糟糕。故C选项“安全问题很糟糕”符合语境，故选C。 7．根据上文“South Sudan is at war, so many UN planes take off from Juba carrying aid workers and emergency supplies.(南苏丹处于战争状态，所以许多联合国飞机从朱巴起飞，运送救援人员和紧急物资)”以及后文“When a journalist was booked on a UN flight, he was assured by the government that his papers were in order. Yet at the airport he was told to get a fourth permit, as well as the three expensive ones he had already obtained. This required a trip across town. Predictably, he missed his plane.(当一名记者预定联合国航班时，政府向他保证，他的证件都是齐全的。然而，在机场，他被告知要获得第四张许可证，以及他已经获得的三张昂贵的许可证。这需要横穿整个城市。不出所料，他错过了飞机)”可知，后文记者被拦截的例子表明，这个机场的官员喜欢没有理由地拦截救援人员和紧急物资，A选项中them指代上文aid workers and emergency supplies。故A选项“戴着墨镜的好斗官员以阻挡他们为乐”符合语境，故选A。 8．根据上文“Juba has three terminals, but only one is in use. After South Sudan became independent in 2011, the government planned to build an airy structure of glass, steel and concrete.(朱巴有三个终端，但只有一个在使用。2011年南苏丹独立后，政府计划建造一个由玻璃、钢铁和混凝土组成的通风结构)”可知，上文提到了2011年计划建造，可知本句继续说明工程进行的情况。故D选项“工程始于2012年，但在支付账单后停止了”符合语境，故选D。 03 Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. 【来源】上海市进才中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期中英语试卷 The Rise of Pop-up Chefs Jeremy Baras remembers the first time he ever saw a pop-up a restaurant. The 26-year-old entrepreneur was on vacation in England four years ago and had to look up at the London Eye Ferries wheel to see it. 9 “I thought that was the coolest thing ever”, he says. Baras, who founded PopUpRepublic. com in 2012 to promote the idea of pop-up restaurants in USA, has been studying them ever since. Pop-ups, which have been around since the early 2000s, are open anywhere from a few hours to several months, but their defining feature is that they are temporary. They may be only a tiny part of the $709 billion U.S. restaurant industry, but popups have gotten a boost in recent years as a lower-cost, lower-risk way for entrepreneurs to test the waters. 10 And some struggling cities, like Oakland, Calif., have turned to them to help revitalize local economies affected by the economic downturn. The concept has been especially popular with up-and-coming chefs who want to test-drive as a menu concept without investing a fortune in a permanent space. “Your cooks and chefs are really talented. 11 Ours, quite the contrary.” says Zach Kupperman, chief businessman officer and co-founder of Dinner Lab. Pop-ups’ temporary nature also allows restaurateurs to charge extra. Dinner Lab, for instance, charges diners an annual membership fee of $125 to $175, depending on where they live, plus $50 to $85 a head for each meal. “It’s the fear of missing out,” explains Zach. 12 There is no guarantee that diners won’t grow tired of the concept. Some entrepreneurs have resorted to even a weirder location — in a former limestone mine, say, or at the top of a crane — to keep customers interested. A．Some restaurant owners see them as a way to renew interest in existing locations. B．It’s not quite part of the mainstream economy yet. C．However, they’ re stuck in the back of somebody else’s kitchen cooking somebody else’s menu. D．Of course, trends in the food industry come and go quickly. E．Nevertheless, they are here today and gone tomorrow. F．Hanging above him was a capsule full of diners who were served a new course each time a revolution was made. 【答案】9．F 10．A 11．C 12．D 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了现在快闪餐厅非常受欢迎，文章分析了这个现象的原因和快闪餐厅的好处。 9．根据上文“The 26-year-old entrepreneur was on vacation in England four years ago and had to look up at the London Eye Ferries wheel to see it. (这位26岁的企业家四年前在英国度假，不得不抬头看伦敦眼摩天轮。)”以及下文“ ‘I thought that was the coolest thing ever’, he says. (他说：“我认为这是有史以来最酷的事情。”)”可知，空格处应该说明的是一件事情。选项F. Hanging above him was a capsule full of diners who were served a new course each time a revolution was made. (看到上空摩天轮胶囊舱内坐满了食客，每次摩天轮开始旋转，就有服务人员上一道新菜。)陈述的是一件事情，“在他的头顶上挂着一个装满食客的胶囊舱”与上文中的“不得不抬头看伦敦眼摩天轮”相呼应；选项F与下文the coolest thing相呼应。所以选项F符合语境，能够承接上文，引出下文。故选F。 10．根据上文“They may be only a tiny part of the $709 billion U.S. restaurant industry, but popups have gotten a boost in recent years as a lower-cost, lower-risk way for entrepreneurs to test the waters. (在美国7,090亿美元的餐饮业中，“弹出式”可能只是很小的一部分，但近年来，作为一种成本更低、风险更低的创业试水方式，“弹出式”得到了蓬勃发展。)”以及下文“And some struggling cities, like Oakland, Calif., have turned to them to help revitalize local economies affected by the economic downturn. (且一些餐馆老板认为，这是一种重新唤起人们对现有餐厅兴趣的方式。)”可知，设空处应该说明的是快闪餐厅蓬勃发展以及对经济发展的作用。选项A. Some restaurant owners see them as a way to renew interest in existing locations. (一些餐馆老板认为，这是一种重新唤起人们对现有餐厅兴趣的方式。)承接上文，和下文并列；符合语境。故选A。 11．根据上文“Your cooks and chefs are really talented. (你们的厨师和主厨真的很有才华。)”以及下文“Ours, quite the contrary. (我们的恰恰相反。)”可知，空格处应该是与前文为转折关系。选项C. However, they’ re stuck in the back of somebody else’s kitchen cooking somebody else’s menu. (然而，他们却被困在别人的厨房里做别人的菜单。)与上文为转折关系，承接上文，符合语境。故选C。 12．根据下文“There is no guarantee that diners won’t grow tired of the concept. (谁也不能保证食客们不会厌倦这个概念。)”可知，空格处应该说明的是食品行业发展得快，所以下文就提到食客们会不会厌倦。选项D. Of course, trends in the food industry come and go quickly. (当然，食品行业的趋势来得快去得也快。)能够引出下文，作为本段的主旨句。故选D。 04 Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. 【来源】上海市华东师范大学第二附属中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期中英语试卷 How to Become an Ambitious Go-Getter if You Are Lazy by Nature Sometimes you wonder if you have a chance of being as successful as one of your friends or those popular on Instagram or YouTube. Sometimes you wonder if you are good or smart enough to get what you truly want. 13 Remember, no one and nothing will help you succeed until you take the following steps. Don’t create a big list of goals. Lazy people have trouble achieving a few goals at once, which is why they tend to fail at the very beginning of travelling the road to success. Setting big goals is great, but only for those who are willing to work 24/7 to achieve those goals. I am not one of them so I usually focus on one thing at a time to them. 14 Think about your mistakes on Day 1, consider what you should improve on Day 2, and try to fix it on Day 3. Take it slowly, and you will certainly get what you want. Monitor your internal dialogue. If you keep telling yourself that you will never gain success or that you are not hard-working enough to take challenging tasks, you will never become an ambitious go-getter. 15 When you have a negative thought, try to turn it into a positive one. Positive internal dialogue is a perfect motivator and energy-booster. Get organized in all the areas of your life. Messy room? Messy workplace? Messy car? Messy mind? Hey, how are you going to get what you want with all that mess? Don’t you think it is time to finally get organized? Can’t live without TV? Sell it. Addicted to iPhone? Sell it and buy a cheap phone that has only text and call options. 16 Expand your horizons. You should get outside of your comfort zone in order to grow and get what you want. The more new things you try, the more experience you gain. The more experience you have, the easier you achieve your goals. Staying in your comfort zone is comfortable because you don’t have to take any risks, but ask any millionaire and they would say that risks are a part of success. If you really want to go somewhere further than your coach, make yourself try now new things and take risks. A．The questions are all indicators that you are on the way to making a transformation. B．All these little self-doubts are the biggest obstacles stopping you from being go-getting. C．While self-assessment is precious assets, you should look at it from different perspectives. D．Negative self-talk can destroy your self-esteem and lead to the road of misery. E．For instance, you want to land your dream job but you were rejected after the last interview. F．Remove the distractions, get rid of the mess and start with a clean house and clear mind. 【答案】13．B 14．E 15．D 16．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何在天生懒惰的情况下成为一个有进取心的人。 13．前文“Sometimes you wonder if you have a chance of being as successful as one of your friends or those popular on Instagram or YouTube. Sometimes you wonder if you are good or smart enough to get what you truly want.(有时你会想自己是否有机会像一个朋友或那些在Instagram或YouTube上很受欢迎的人一样成功。有时你会想自己是否足够优秀或聪明，能够得到你真正想要的东西。)”讲述了你会对自己产生一些疑问和怀疑，后文“Remember, no one and nothing will help you succeed until you take the following steps.(记住，在你采取以下措施之前，没有人和任何事情能帮助你成功。)”引出接下来帮助取得成功的方法，由此可知，空处应承上启下，讲述了上文的这些自我怀疑会阻碍自己成功，B项“所有这些小小的自我怀疑是阻止你前进的最大障碍。”符合题意，选项中的these little self-doubts照应前文中的you wonder if...。故选B。 14．后文“Think about your mistakes on Day 1, consider what you should improve on Day 2, and try to fix it on Day 3. Take it slowly, and you will certainly get what you want.(思考你在第一天的错误，考虑你在第二天应该改进什么，并在第三天尝试纠正它。慢慢来，你一定会得到你想要的。)”讲述了遇到挫折时要一步一步地改进，直到自己梦想成真，所以空处应具体讲述所遭遇的挫折，E项“例如，你想得到你理想中的工作，但在上一次面试后被拒绝了。”符合题意。故选E。 15．前文“If you keep telling yourself that you will never gain success or that you are not hard-working enough to take challenging tasks, you will never become an ambitious go-getter.(如果你一直告诉自己，你永远不会获得成功，或者你不够努力，无法承担具有挑战性的任务，你就永远不会成为一个雄心勃勃的、有进取心的人。)”讲述了自我否定会产生消极影响，D项“消极的自言自语会摧毁你的自尊，并导致痛苦之路。”对上文进行进一步说明，且衔接下文的“When you have a negative thought, try to turn it into a positive one.(当你有消极的想法时，试着把它变成积极的想法。)”。故选D。 16．空处位于段末，应是对前面的总结。根据前文的“Don’t you think it is time to finally get organized? Can’t live without TV? Sell it. Addicted to iPhone? Sell it and buy a cheap phone that has only text and call options.(你不认为是时候变得有条理了吗？没有电视就不能活？卖了它。对iPhone上瘾？卖掉它，买一部只有短信和通话选项的廉价手机。)”可知，这里应是说摒弃所有干扰的事物，让自己变得井井有条，F项“去除干扰，摆脱混乱，从一个干净的房子和清醒的头脑开始。”符合题意。故选F。 05 Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. 【来源】上海市交通大学附属中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期中英语试题 The Greatest Living Briton Voted the Greatest Living Briton, Tim Berners-Lee was born in East Sheen, an unremarkable part of southwest London. He grew up in a family where computers and mathematics were seen as a fun, everyday part of life. His parents had met while working on the Ferranti Mark 1, the first commercially available computer. From an early age, he picked up on their enthusiasm and recalls early conversations with his father about the potential of computers. Berners-Lee left school to study at Queen’s College, Oxford, where he built his first computer from an old television. Gaining a first class degree in physics, he went into software development for a number of different companies, before finally ending up at CERN in Switzerland. It was at CERN that the ideas which would make him famous began to take shape. 17 The different systems were unable to communicate with each other. He began to address this problem during his first period at CERN. But it wasn’t until Berners-Lee returned there in 1984 that he was able to turn his ideas into reality. By 1989, CERN had the biggest Internet site in Europe. Berners-Lee’s vision was that computers all over the world would be able to talk to each other using a language—hypertext—that he would create. In 1991, he put the first website online. This provided an explanation of the World Wide Web. 18 The rest, as they say, is history. Berners-Lee is modest about his achievements. He explains that he was just one of many people at the forefront of computer technology at the time. He also feels that if he had not invented the web, someone else would have done it. However, if that had been the case, the Internet might have been something very different. It might, for example, not have been free. 19 John Poole of Image Computer Systems, who employed Berners-Lee in the 1970s, admires his position: “What impresses me is that he was not in it for money. His dream was a free interchange of information, and he stood by his principles.” Berners-Lee is still heavily involved in the World Wide Web. He left CERN in 1994 to set up the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), an organization whose aim is to improve the quality of the web. It is also committed to maintaining the idea that the web should be free. 20 The truth is, however, he’d probably far rather be somewhere else writing computer code. In 2012, he was honored at the Summer Olympics where he was introduced as the “Inventor of the World Wide Web”. In characteristic fashion, he sent an online message that was instantly spread out on screens both in the stadium and all around the world: “This is for everyone.” A．Many people claim that Berners-Lee’s greatest achievement is that the web carries no fees, no charges and no restrictions. B．His goal was to provide researchers with the ability to share their results, techniques, and practices without having to exchange e-mail constantly. C．Berners-Lee also spends a lot of time meeting world leaders and business people promoting the web and its free status. D．In 2004, he was given a special honour for his pioneering work by Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ and he became Sir Tim Berners-Lee. E．Visitors could also learn more about hypertext, find out how to create their own webpages, and how to search the web for information. F．Although the “Internet” already existed in some form, in those days it consisted of separate unconnected networks. 【答案】17．F 18．E 19．A 20．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了现存最伟大的英国人——Tim Berners-Lee，包括他在计算机领域的成就和发明万维网的过程。 17．根据空后“The different systems were unable to communicate with each other. (不同的系统无法相互通信。)”可知，空处应该提到了某个网络或者东西之间不能互通。选项F“Although the “Internet” already existed in some form, in those days it consisted of separate unconnected networks.(虽然“因特网”已经以某种形式存在了，但在那些日子里，它是由互不相连的网络组成的。)”与下文内容一致，指的是因特网已经存在了，但是是由不相连的网络组成的，所以不同的系统之间无法相互通信。故选F。 18．根据空前内容“In 1991, he put the first website online. This provided an explanation of the World Wide Web.(1991年，他建立了第一个网站。这为万维网提供了一个解释。)”可知，在1991年，他建立了第一个网站。选项E“Visitors could also learn more about hypertext, find out how to create their own webpages, and how to search the web for information.(访问者还可以了解更多关于超文本的知识，了解如何创建自己的网页，以及如何在网上搜索信息。)”是上文内容的自然延续，解释了该网站的作用以及人们可以在网站上所做的事情。故选E。 19．根据上文内容“He explains that he was just one of many people at the forefront of computer technology at the time. He also feels that if he had not invented the web, someone else would have done it. However, if that had been the case, the Internet might have been something very different. It might, for example, not have been free.(他解释说，他只是当时许多站在计算机技术前沿的人中的一个。他还觉得，如果不是他发明了网络，也会有别人发明。然而，如果是这样的话，互联网可能会是一个非常不同的东西。例如，它可能不是免费的。)”可知，对于自己的成就，他很谦虚，同时他也认为，如果别人发明了网络，可能就会不同。比如，有可能会收费。选项A“Many people claim that Berners-Lee’s greatest achievement is that the web carries no fees, no charges and no restrictions.(很多人认为Berners-Lee最大的成就是网络不产生费用、不收费、不受限制。)”延续上文内容，指出他最大的成就就是网络不产生费用、不收费、不受限制。故选A。 20．根据上文内容“Berners-Lee is still heavily involved in the World Wide Web. He left CERN in 1994 to set up the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), an organization whose aim is to improve the quality of the web. It is also committed to maintaining the idea that the web should be free. (1994年，他离开欧洲核子研究中心，成立了万维网联盟(W3C)，该组织旨在提高网络的质量。它还致力于维护网络应该免费的理念。)”可知，1994年，Berners-Lee成立了万维网联盟，以及该联盟的宗旨。选项C“Berners-Lee also spends a lot of time meeting world leaders and business people promoting the web and its free status.( Berners-Lee还花了很多时间与世界各国领导人和商界人士会面，宣传网络及其自由地位。)”指出了Berners-Lee所需要做的事情，同时与下文内容“The truth is, however, he’d probably far rather be somewhere else writing computer code.(然而，事实是，他可能更愿意在别的地方写计算机代码。)”形成一致。故选C。 06 Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. 【来源】上海市洋泾中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期中考试英语试卷 Despite the fact that American companies have been “global” for a very long time now, many people today inside companies still misunderstand cultural differences. They misperceive potential foreign-born workers, for example, as too “shy” or not “confident” enough. 21 In many cultures, it is just not appropriate to make small talk with someone you don’t know, especially someone above you in the corporate level. 22 For example, if you express your loyalty to a particular team without knowing that of your colleagues, you might put them in the uncomfortable position of having to either conceal their own preference or express something that conflicts with yours. So, you can imagine how challenging it can be for someone from a non-small talk culture to try to fit into a US corporate setting. In addition, the US is basically a “straight-shooter (坦率的人)” style culture, where it is cultural valued to tell it like it is. But this isn’t necessarily true worldwide. For example, in Japan, people prefer to communicate indirectly, especially when it comes to a sensitive topic. To avoid accidentally damaging a relationship, people approach problems through subtle hints or general statements. If someone were to directly state a problem, it would make them look ungraceful, immature, and untrustworthy. 23 Americans tend to be relatively informal in a business context. 24 Many cultures are quite formal, especially when interacting with superiors. In general, Indian culture, for example, is very formal. Indians typically greet their elders and superiors by title (Sir, Mr. , Dr. , Professor) and never by their first name. This is also the case at the university, where students act with extreme levels of respect towards their professors. The above discussion just hits the tip of the iceberg of the different cultural misinterpretations in corporate America. For American employers to succeed in selecting, training, inspiring and keeping their top foreign-born talent, it is high time that they started taking account of these cultural differences in their leadership selection process. A．There is a significant problem in corporate America today with foreign workers. B．In fact, many people are quite surprised at the level of informality in American businesses. C．Someone who avoids making small talk can be seen as unfriendly or not a team player. D．However, in reality, with a moderate amount of training, these high-performing individuals could be corporate leaders of tomorrow. E．It can also be impolite and even dangerous to openly express your opinion. F．But from the perspective of American culture, this more indirect style appears as if someone is “hiding” the truth. 【答案】21．D 22．E 23．F 24．B 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章讨论了美国企业界对不同文化误解。 21．上文“Despite the fact that American companies have been ‘global’ for a very long time now, many people today inside companies still misunderstand cultural differences. They misperceive potential foreign-born workers, for example, as too ‘shy’ or not ‘confident’ enough. (尽管美国公司已经‘全球化’很长时间了，但今天公司内部的许多人仍然误解了文化差异。例如，他们错误地认为潜在的外国出生的工人太‘害羞’或不够‘自信’。)”说明由于文化差异，美国公司还会错误地认为外国工人不够勇敢自信，选项D“然而，在现实中，经过适度的培训，这些表现优异的人可以成为未来的企业领导者。”承接上文，转折语义，说明外国工人经过培训也可以成为企业领导者。故选D项。 22．下文“For example, if you express your loyalty to a particular team without knowing that of your colleagues, you might put them in the uncomfortable position of having to either conceal their own preference or express something that conflicts with yours. (例如，如果你在不知道你的同事的情况下表达你对一个特定团队的忠诚，你可能会把他们置于一个不舒服的境地，他们要么隐瞒自己的偏好，要么表达与你的偏好相冲突的东西。)”说明公开表达自己的观点可能让人不舒服，甚至可能发生冲突。选项E“公开表达自己的观点也是不礼貌的，甚至是危险的。”引领下文，概括说明下文所举的事例。故选E项。 23．段首“In addition, the US is basically a ‘straight-shooter (坦率的人)’ style culture, where it is cultural valued to tell it like it is. (此外，美国基本上是一种‘直来直去’式的文化，在那里，如实讲述是有文化价值的。)”以及“For example, in Japan, people prefer to communicate indirectly, especially when it comes to a sensitive topic. To avoid accidentally damaging a relationship, people approach problems through subtle hints or general statements. If someone were to directly state a problem, it would make them look ungraceful, immature, and untrustworthy. (例如，在日本，人们更喜欢间接交流，尤其是在涉及敏感话题时。为了避免不小心破坏关系，人们通过微妙的暗示或笼统的陈述来解决问题。如果有人直接陈述问题，会让他们看起来不优雅、不成熟、不值得信任。)”说明美国文化喜欢直来直去，而日本人更喜欢间接交流，选项F“但从美国文化的角度来看，这种更间接的风格似乎有人在‘隐藏’真相。”承接上文，转折语义，说明美国人对日本这种间接交流风格的不理解，呼应段首。故选F项。 24．上文“Americans tend to be relatively informal in a business context. (美国人在商业环境中往往相对不太正式。)”说明美国人在商业环境中相对不太正式，选项B“事实上，许多人对美国企业中的非正式程度感到非常惊讶。”承接上文，进一步说明美国商业中的不正式程度。选项中informality和上文中informal语义一致，故选B项。 07 Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. 【来源】上海市徐汇中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期中英语试题 If women are mercilessly exploited year after year, they have only themselves to blame. 25 Clothes which have been worn only a few times have to be put aside because of the change of fashion. When you come to think of it, only a woman is capable of standing in front of a wardrobe packed full of clothes and announcing sadly that she has nothing to wear. 26 Many women spend vast sums of money each year to replace clothes that have hardly been worn. Women who cannot afford to throw away clothing in this way, waste hours of their time altering the dresses they have. Skirts are lengthened or shortened; necklines are lowered or raised, and so on. No one can claim that the fashion industry contributes anything really important to society. Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth, comfort and durability. 27 There can hardly be a man who hasn’t at some time in his life smiled at the sight of a woman shaking in a thin dress on a winter day, or delicately picking her way through deep snow in high-heeled shoes. When comparing men and women in the matter of fashion, the conclusions to be drawn are obvious. Do the constantly changing fashions of women’s clothes, one wonders, reflect basic qualities of inconstancy and instability? 28 Do their unchanging styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stability and reliability? That is for you to decide. A．Men are too clever to let themselves be cheated by fashion designers. B．Men are also exploited greatly by fashion designers. C．Because they tremble at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion, they are always taken advantage of by the designers and the big stores. D．Changing fashions are nothing more than the intentional creation of waste. E．They are only interested in outward appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will put up with any amount of discomfort, as long as they look right. F．The constant changes in women’s clothing reflect their strength of character. 【答案】25．C 26．D 27．E 28．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要女性在服装时尚领域经常被人无情利用和欺骗的原因。 25．根据空前的“If women are mercilessly exploited year after year, they have only themselves to blame.(如果妇女年复一年地受到无情的剥削，她们只能怪自己。)”可知，女性经常被无情地利用，但要怪还是怪他们自己，结合空后的“Clothes which have been worn only a few times have to be put aside because of the change of fashion.(由于时尚的变化，只穿过几次的衣服不得不放在一边。)”可知，她们由于时尚的变化而把没穿过几次的服装扔到一边，由此推测，此空处应是解释为什么女人被利用还要怪她们自己的原因，C选项“Because they tremble at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion, they are always taken advantage of by the designers and the big stores.(因为她们一想到穿着过时的衣服出现在公众面前就发抖，所以他们总是被设计师和大商店所利用。)”讲述的是女性一想到自己穿着过时的服装在公众面前就会不爽，从而被设计师和大的商家所利用，与空前内容逻辑合理，且与下文中的内容衔接。故选C项。 26．分析语篇可知，此空处应为本段的主题句，结合空后的“Many women spend vast sums of money each year to replace clothes that have hardly been worn.(许多妇女每年花费大量的钱来更换几乎没有穿过的衣服。)”可知，很多女性花大量的钱更换没穿过几次的衣服，由此可知，此处指的是女性因更换服装而造成的浪费，D选项“Changing fashions are nothing more than the intentional creation of waste.(不断变化的时尚只不过是故意制造浪费。)”讲述的内容与本段讲述的内容一致，且概括了本段的主题。故选D项。 27．根据空前的“Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth, comfort and durability.(时装设计师很少关心保暖、舒适和耐用等重要的东西。)”可知，时尚设计师很少关心保暖、舒适和耐用等重要的东西，E选项“They are only interested in outward appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will put up with any amount of discomfort, as long as they look right.(他们只对外表感兴趣，他们利用了女人只要看起来合适就能忍受任何不适的事实。)”中的they指代的是空前的“时尚设计师”，且讲述的是他们只关心外表，与空前的内容吻合。故选E项。 28．根据空后的“Do their unchanging styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stability and reliability?(他们不变的着装风格是否反映了稳定可靠的基本品质?)”可知，人们想知道这种服装款式的不改变是不是反映出稳定可靠的品质，其中的their unchanging styles可知，此处指的是男性服装款式的不改变，由此可推断，此空处应讲述的是与男性不改变服装款式相关，A选项“Men are too clever to let themselves be cheated by fashion designers.(男人太聪明了，不会让自己被时装设计师欺骗。)”讲述的是男性不会被时尚设计师所欺骗，也就是他们的服装款式变化不会有很多，与空后的内容吻合，其中的men与空后的their指代内容一致。故选A项。 08 Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. 【来源】上海市行知中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期中考试英语试卷 Essential Creativity In a recent survey in America, 62% of people said that creativity was more important to success in the workplace than they had expected it to be when they were in school. 29 It is of course possible to scan people’s brains and see which parts are firing when an idea is created, but rather more romantically it can be thought of as something that cannot be identified. Creativity is what comes to you when you least expect it. You cannot demand creativity from your mind, nor can you demand that you are creative in a particular way. One misconception about creativity is that it is reserved for a few special people. This is not true. 30 Another misconception is that creativity is all about the arts but this simply isn’t true: creativity extends to maths and science in just the way it does to music and literature. Those who see things differently to others and are confident enough to make their ideas a reality are the ones who make the greatest changes in the world. Consequently, it is incredibly important that schools do not prevent creativity. 31 Students should be taught to ask questions and investigate when things do not make sense. They need to learn to view mistakes as opportunities for learning rather than something that was unsuccessful. It is worrying that many schools are less concerned now with nurturing creativity when this is the most important time in history for it. It used to be that people worked hard, went to university, and got a job. That was it. But now, everyone works hard, goes to university and there aren’t the jobs out there that guarantee a safe future. 32 We can use it to set ourselves apart, and channel it to face the challenges of the future. A．Creativity is associated with many factors. B．Rather, they should work to expand, grow, and exercise it. C．Without creativity, we are indistinguishable from the masses. D．However, creativity can be acquired at any age. E．It’s hard to work out where exactly creativity comes from. F．Everyone has the capacity to be creative. 【答案】29．E 30．F 31．B 32．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章阐述了创造力对人们的重要性、它存在的方式以及关于创造力的一些错误观点。 29．根据下文“It is of course possible to scan people’s brains and see which parts are firing when an idea is created, but rather more romantically it can be thought of as something that cannot be identified. Creativity is what comes to you when you least expect it. You cannot demand creativity from your mind, nor can you demand that you are creative in a particular way. (当然，我们可以扫描人们的大脑，看看当一个想法产生时，是哪些部分在激活，但更浪漫的是，它可以被认为是一种无法识别的东西。创造力是在你最不经意的时候出现的。你不能从你的头脑中要求创造力，也不能要求你以某种特定的方式具有创造力。)”可知，我们无法确定创造力的来源，创造力是在你最不经意的时候出现的。E项“It’s hard to work out where exactly creativity comes from. (很难弄清楚创造力到底从何而来)”，E项与下文的语意一致，故选E项。 30．根据上文“One misconception about creativity is that it is reserved for a few special people. This is not true. (关于创造力的一个误解是，它是为少数特殊的人保留的。这不是真的。)”可知，上文提到只有少数特殊的人有创造力的观点是错的，故设空处进一步说明“多少人有创造力”，F项“Everyone has the capacity to be creative. (每个人都有创造力。)”，F项承接了上文， 故选F。 31．根据上文“Consequently, it is incredibly important that schools do not prevent creativity.(因此，学校不阻止创造力的发挥是非常重要的)”，以及后文“Students should be taught to ask questions and investigate when things do not make sense. (要教会学生在事物不合理的时候提出问题，进行探究)”可知，学校应当支持培养学生的创作力。B项“Rather, they should work to expand, grow, and exercise it. (相反，他们应该努力扩大、发展和运用它。)”，rather表转折，用于提出相反或不同的观点，且选项中的they指代上文中schools，学校不但不能阻止学生的创造能力的发挥，相反地，还要努力培养学生的创造力，语意衔接连贯，故选B项。 32．根据后文“We can use it to set ourselves apart, and channel it to face the challenges of the future.(我们可以利用它使自己与众不同，并利用它面对未来的挑战)”可知，后文提到利用创造力可以使自己与众不同，那么本句应当是说明没有创造力，我们和其他人没有什么不同。C项“Without creativity, we are indistinguishable from the masses. (没有创造力，我们就和群众没有什么区别。)”，后文中use it to set ourselves apart与C选项句意形成对比，上下文衔接连贯，故选C项。 09 Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. 【来源】上海市奉贤区格致中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期中考试英语试卷 The quality of patience goes a long way toward your goal of creating a more peaceful and loving self. The more patient you are, the more accepting you will be of what life is, rather than insisting that life be exactly as you would like it to be. Without patience, life is extremely frustrating. 33 Patience adds some ease and acceptance to your life. It’s important for inner peace. 34 If you are stuck in a traffic jam, late for an appointment, being patient would mean keeping yourself from building a mental snowball before your thinking gets out of hand and gently reminding yourself to relax. It might also be a good time to breathe as well as an opportunity to remind yourself that, in the bigger scheme of things, being late is “small stuff”. Patience is a quality of heart that can be greatly enhanced with deliberate practice. 35 They are the periods of time that I set up in my mind to practise the art of patience. Life itself becomes a classroom, and the curriculum is patience. You can start with as little as five minutes and build up your capacity for patience over time. What you’ll discover is truly amazing. Your intention to be patient, especially if you know it’s only for a short while, immediately strengthens your capacity for patience. Patience is one of those qualities where success feeds on itself. Once you reach little milestone—five minutes of successful patience—you’ll begin to see that you do indeed have the capacity to be patient, even for longer periods of time. Over time, you may even become a patient person. Being patient will help you to keep your perspective. You will see even a difficult situation, say your present challenge, isn’t “life or death” but simply a minor obstacle that must be dealt with. 36 A．An effective way that I have found to deepen my own patience is to create actual practise periods. B．You are more easily annoyed and bothered. C．It is generally believed that the quality of being patient is very difficult to develop. D．Becoming more patient involves opening your heart to the present moment, even if you don’t like it. E．Without patience, you will see the same scene as an emergency complete with yelling, frustration, hurt feelings and high blood pressure. F．If you lack patience, you are destined to fail in what you are pursuing. 【答案】33．B 34．D 35．A 36．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述“耐心”。耐心的品质对你创造一个更平和、更有爱的自我的目标大有帮助。你越有耐心，你就会越能接受生活的本来面目，而不是坚持生活就是你想要的样子。 33．根据前句“Without patience, life is extremely frustrating. (没有耐心，生活是极其令人沮丧的。)”和后句“Patience adds some ease and acceptance to your life. (耐心会给你的生活增添一些轻松和接纳。)”可知，这里介绍没有耐心带来的烦恼。所以B项“You are more easily annoyed and bothered.（你更容易生气和烦恼。）”符合上下文语境。故选B。 34．根据后句“If you are stuck in a traffic jam, late for an appointment, being patient would mean keeping yourself from building a mental snowball before your thinking gets out of hand and gently reminding yourself to relax. (如果你遇到交通堵塞，约会迟到，耐心意味着在你的思维失控之前，不要让自己堆积一个心理雪球，并温柔地提醒自己放松。)”可知，遇到不开心的事情也要有耐心。所以D项“Becoming more patient involves opening your heart to the present moment, even if you don’t like it.（要变得更有耐心，就要敞开你的心扉，即使你不喜欢，也要活在当下。）符合上下文语境。故选D。 35．根据前句“Patience is a quality of heart that can be greatly enhanced with deliberate practice. (耐心是一种可以通过有意识的练习大大提高的心的品质。)”和后句“They are the periods of time that I set up in my mind to practise the art of patience. (它们是我在头脑中建立起来的一段时间来练习耐心的艺术。)”可知，耐心是可以通过练习来实现的。A项 “An effective way that I have found to deepen my own patience is to create actual practice periods.（我发现一个加深自己耐心的有效方法是进行实际训练。）符合上下文语境。故选A。 36．根据前句“You will see even a difficult situation, say your present challenge, isn’t “life or death” but simply a minor obstacle that must be dealt with. (你会看到即使是困难的情况，比如你现在面临的挑战，也不是“生或死”，而只是一个必须处理的小障碍。)”可知，这里介绍遇到困难没有耐心的情况。E项 “Without patience, you will see the same scene as an emergency complete with yelling, frustration, hurt feelings.（如果没有耐心，你会看到和紧急情况一样的场景，充满了叫喊、沮丧和受伤的感觉。）符合上下文语境。故选E。 10 Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. 【来源】上海市华东师范大学第二附属中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期中考试英语试卷 Why should mankind explore space? Perhaps the best answer lies in our genetic makeup as human beings. What prompted our distant ancestors to move from the trees into the plains, and on into all possible areas and environments? 37 . The wider the distribution of a species, the better its chance of survival. Exploration also allows minerals and other potential resources to be located. Additional resources are always beneficial when used wisely, and can increase our chances of survival. Knowledge or techniques acquired through exploration, or preparing to explore, filter from the developers into society at large. 38 . Also, we have already benefited from other by-products, including improvements in earthquake prediction — which has saved many lives —  in satellites used for weather forecasting and in communications systems. Even non-stick saucepans and mirrored sunglasses are by-products of technological developments in the space industry! 39 . The chances of a large comet hitting the Earth are small, but it could happen in time. Such strikes in the past may account for the extinction of dinosaurs and other species. Human technology is reaching the point where it might be able to detect the possibility of this happening, and enable us to minimize the damage, or prevent it completely, allowing us as a species to avoid extinction. In certain circumstances, life on Earth may become impossible: over-population or wide spread diseases, for instance, might eventually force us to find other places to live. While the earth is the only planet known to sustain life, surely the adaptive ability of humans would allow us to inhabit other planets and moons. It is true that the lifestyle would be different, but human life and cultures have adapted in the past and surely could in the future. 40 . A．The techniques may have medical applications which can improve the length or quality of our lives. B．Space allows us to expand and succeed: for the sake of everyone on the earth, now and in the future, space exploration is essential. C．The mysterious space objects varying in size have been fascinated scientists and scholars for years. D．It appears that we are driven to ensure the success and continuation of not just our own genes, but of the species as a whole. E．Therefore it still poses a problem for us human beings whether to explore the space at the cost of our own homelands. F．While space may hold many wonders and explanations of how the universe was formed or how it works, it also holds dangers. 【答案】37．D 38．A 39．F 40．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述人类探索太空的原因和必要性。 37．根据上文“What prompted our distant ancestors to move from the trees into the plains, and on into all possible areas and environments? (是什么促使我们遥远的祖先从树上迁移到平原，并继续迁移到所有可能的地区和环境？)”和下文“The wider the distribution of a species, the better its chance of survival. (一个物种的分布越广，它的生存机会就越大。)”可知设空处应是回答上文，即物种会迁移的原因，所以D选项“似乎我们被驱使着不仅要确保我们自己基因的成功和延续，还要确保整个物种的成功和延续。”起到承上启下的作用，符合题意，故选D。 38．根据上文“Knowledge or techniques acquired through exploration, or preparing to explore, filter from the developers into society at large. (通过探索或准备探索而获得的知识或技术将从开发者那里渗透到整个社会中。)”可推断下文应是进一步说明这些知识或技术在社会中的作用，所以A项“这些技术可能在医学上有应用，可以延长我们的寿命或提高我们的生活质量。”符合题意，故选A。 39．根据下文“The chances of a large comet hitting the Earth are small, but it could happen in time. Such strikes in the past may account for the extinction of dinosaurs and other species. (大彗星撞击地球的几率很小，但迟早会发生。过去的这种撞击可能是恐龙和其他物种灭绝的原因。)”可推断上文应是说明宇宙的运行应该存在危险，故F选项“虽然太空中可能有许多关于宇宙如何形成或如何运作的奇迹和解释，但它也存在危险。”切题，故选F。 40．根据上文“While the earth is the only planet known to sustain life, surely the adaptive ability of humans would allow us to inhabit other planets and moons. It is true that the lifestyle would be different, but human life and cultures have adapted in the past and surely could in the future. (虽然地球是已知的唯一能维持生命的行星，但人类的适应能力肯定能让我们在其他行星和卫星上居住。生活方式确实会有所不同，但人类的生活和文化在过去已经适应了，在未来肯定会适应。)”可知说的是探索探空的趋势和必要性，对探空探索进行总结，故B选项“太空使我们得以扩张和成功：为了地球上的每个人，现在和将来，太空探索是必不可少的。”符合语境，故选B。 11 Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. 【来源】上海市华东政法大学附属松江高级中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期中试题 What time do schools typically start? It depends on where they are. Some schools start early — at 7 a.m. in Brazil. In France, schools start at 8. In Australia, schools open their doors an hour later, at 9 a.m. In the U.S., schedules vary, but many opening school bells ring before 8. So is an earlier or a later start time better? For years, this has been debated. 41 They have long said that asking teens to show up to class before 8:00 a.m. isn’t good for their health or their report cards. In recent years, 70 districts across the U.S. have also changed their hours. Supporters of this idea expect that more school districts will follow. One reason for the later start times is that people have mostly stopped debating the science that supports it. In 2014, the American Academy of Pediatrics released a statement regarding school start times. Starting later isn’t the cure for all teen health and academic problems, the AAP said. 42 “Essentially, across the board, any area that you look at improves pretty dramatically” with later school start times, said an expert. In fact, research from countries around the world confirms that adolescents who get enough sleep are healthier overall. They also do better in school. So why don’t teens — who need about nine hours of sleep each night — just go to bed earlier? Researcher Paul Kelley from the University of Oxford in England says that adolescents experience a change in their biological clocks. 43 Teens are also wired to wake up later in the morning. Therefore, Kelley says, early wake times can cause teens to be short on sleep. So why don’t all high schools start later? The obstacles are often financial. In the U.S., public schools in St. Paul, Minnesota, delayed the adoption of later start times for all its high school students because of transportation issues. It would have cost St. Paul about $8 million to buy the additional buses needed, explained Jackie Statum Allen, assistant director for strategic planning and police. 44 A．But it can improve students’ lives in many ways. B．Many are concerned that a later school day will cause problems. C．Now, more U.S. school districts are beginning to take the advice of scientists. D．As a result, they naturally fall asleep later at night than many parents would like. E．It would be much better to put that money into the classroom rather than the gas tank. F．Schools put a plan in place for a later start time after the district listened to parent feedback. 【答案】41．C 42．A 43．D 44．E 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了应不应该推迟学校上课时间的问题。 41．根据上文“So is an earlier or a later start time better? For years, this has been debated.(那么，是早一点出发好还是晚一点出发好？多年来，人们一直在争论这个问题)”以及后文“They have long said that asking teens to show up to class before 8:00 a.m. isn’t good for their health or their report cards.(他们一直说，要求青少年在早上8点前上课对他们的健康和成绩单都没有好处)”可知，此处应该会提到一些人的观点。故C选项“现在，越来越多的美国学区开始采纳科学家的建议。”符合语境，空后的They指代 C选项中的scientists，箜后这句话即是科学家的观点。故选C。 42．根据上文“In 2014, the American Academy of Pediatrics released a statement regarding school start times. Starting later isn’t the cure for all teen health and academic problems, the AAP said.(2014年，美国儿科学会发布了一份关于学校上课时间的声明。美国儿科学会表示，推迟上学并不能解决所有青少年的健康和学业问题)”以及后文““Essentially, across the board, any area that you look at improves pretty dramatically” with later school start times, said an expert. In fact, research from countries around the world confirms that adolescents who get enough sleep are healthier overall. They also do better in school.(一位专家说：“从本质上讲，随着学校上课时间的推迟，你所看到的任何领域都有了相当显著的改善。”事实上，来自世界各国的研究证实，睡眠充足的青少年总体上更健康。他们在学校的表现也更好)”可知，上文提到“推迟上学并不能解决所有青少年的健康和学业问题”，后文则提到推迟上课时间让青少年总体上更健康，他们在学校的表现也更好，说明推迟上课时间可以在很多方面改善学生的生活。故A选项“但它可以在很多方面改善学生的生活”符合语境，故选A。 43．根据上文“So why don’t teens — who need about nine hours of sleep each night — just go to bed earlier? Researcher Paul Kelley from the University of Oxford in England says that adolescents experience a change in their biological clocks.(那么，为什么青少年——他们每晚需要大约9个小时的睡眠——不早点睡觉呢？英国牛津大学的研究人员保罗·凯利说，青少年的生物钟会发生变化)”以及后文“Teens are also wired to wake up later in the morning. Therefore, Kelley says, early wake times can cause teens to be short on sleep.(青少年早上起床也很晚。因此，凯利说，早醒会导致青少年睡眠不足)”可知，本句与上文构成因果关系，指出青少年生物钟发生变化导致的结果：因此，他们晚上自然会比许多父母希望的更晚入睡。故D选项“因此，他们晚上自然会比许多父母希望的更晚入睡”符合语境，故选D。 44．根据上文“So why don’t all high schools start later? The obstacles are often financial. In the U.S., public schools in St. Paul, Minnesota, delayed the adoption of later start times for all its high school students because of transportation issues. It would have cost St. Paul about $8 million to buy the additional buses needed, explained Jackie Statum Allen, assistant director for strategic planning and police.(那么为什么不是所有的高中都推迟上课呢？障碍往往是经济方面的。在美国，明尼苏达州圣保罗的公立学校由于交通问题，推迟了所有高中生的晚上课时间。圣保罗负责战略规划和警察事务的助理主任杰基·斯塔姆·艾伦解释说，购买所需的额外巴士将花费约800万美元)”可知，上文提到了额外的巴士的花费，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文说明：把钱花在教室里比花在油箱上要好得多。故E选项“把钱花在教室里比花在油箱上要好得多”符合语境，故选E。 12 Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. 【来源】上海市吴淞中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题 In so many ways, cyberspace (网络空间) mirrors the real world. People ask for information, play games, and share hobby tips. Others buy and sell products. Still others look for friendship, or even love. Unlike the real world, however, your knowledge about a person is limited to words on a computer screen. Identity and appearance mean very little in cyberspace. 45 So even the shyest person can become a chat-room star. Usually, this “faceless” communication doesn’t create problems. Identity doesn’t really matter when you’re in a chat room discussing politics or hobbies. In fact, this emphasis on the idea themselves makes the Internet a great place for exciting conversation. Where else can so many people come together to chat about their interests? 46 They are looking for serious love relationships. Is cyberspace a good place to find love? That answer depends on whom you ask. Some of these relationships actually succeed. Others fail miserably. Supporters of online relationships claim that the Internet allows couples to get to know each other intellectually first. Personal appearance doesn’t get in the way. But critics of online relationships argue that no one can truly know another person in cyberspace. Why? Because the Internet gives users a lot of control over how others view them. Internet users can carefully craft their words to fit whatever image they want to give. And they don’t have to worry about what their “faceless” communication is doing for their image. 47 All of this may be fine if the relationship stays in cyberspace. But not knowing a person is a big problem in a love relationship. 48 This inevitably leads to disappointment when couples meet in person. How someone imagines an online friend is often quite different from the real person. So, before looking for love in cyberspace, remember the advice of Internet pioneer Clifford Stoll: “Life in the real world is far richer than anything you’ll find on a computer screen.” A．Rather, a person’s thoughts-or at least the thoughts they type-are what really count. B．In a sense, they’re not really themselves. C．With so many unknowns, it’s easy to let one’s imagination “fill in the blanks”. D．But Some Internet users want more than just someone to chat with. E．The internet encourages people to express their ideas in a freer way. F．However,online relationship will be damaged by this kind of image. 【答案】45．E 46．D 47．A 48．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。指出有些网络用户寻求线上恋爱关系，以及对此赞成和反对的观点。 45．上文“Identity and appearance mean very little in cyberspace. (身份和外表在网络空间中意义不大。)”指出在网络上，身份和外貌并不重要。下文“So even the shyest person can become a chat-room star. (因此，即使是最害羞的人也可以成为聊天室明星。)”指出，现实中害羞的人在网上也可以畅所欲言。选项E“The internet encourages people to express their ideas in a freer way. (互联网鼓励人们以更自由的方式表达自己的想法。)”指出互联网对自由表达自己的鼓励，这延续上文进一步指出互联网的特性，也是下文的原因，因此符合语境。故选E项。 46．下文“They are looking for serious love relationships. (他们正在寻找严肃的恋爱关系。)”指出，有一类人在互联网上寻求严肃恋爱关系。选项D“But some Internet users want more than just someone to chat with. (但一些互联网用户想要的不仅仅是聊天对象。)”指出有一些网络用户想要的不仅仅是简单聊天，下文是对该选项的进一步说明，两者为递进关系，因此符合语境。故选D项。 47．上文“And they don’t have to worry about what their “faceless” communication is doing for their image. (而且他们不必担心他们的“无脸”交流会对他们的形象产生什么影响。)”指出网络上的交流，哪怕是无理的，也不会对一个人的形象造成影响。选项A“Rather, a person’s thoughts-or at least the thoughts they type-are what really count. (相反，一个人的想法或至少他们键入的想法才是真正重要的。)”指出在互联网上重要的是人们呈现在其中的思想，这是对上文的补充说明，符合语境。故选A项。 48．上文“But not knowing a person is a big problem in a love relationship. (但不了解一个人是恋爱关系中的一个大问题。)”指出，恋爱关系中对这个人了解不够是一个大问题。下文“This inevitably leads to disappointment when couples meet in person. (这不可避免地会导致这对恋人见面时的失望。)”指出，网络上的恋人如果要线下见面，可能因为某事而失望。选项C“With so many unknowns, it’s easy to let one’s imagination “fill in the blanks”. (有这么多未知，很容易让一个人的想象力“填补空白”。)”指出因为网络恋爱两个人不够了解，他们可能通过想象来添补了解的不够，该选项是上文的补充说明，也是导致下文所说的见面问题的原因，符合语境。故选C项。 13 Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. 【来源】上海市交通大学附属中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期中英语试卷 How to show others you care The idea that kindness can boost happiness is hardly new. Studies have shown that prosocial behavior — basically, voluntarily helping others — can help lower people’s daily stress levels, and that simple acts of connection, like texting a friend, mean more than many of us realize. 49 “I have found that kindness can be a really hard sell,” said Tara Cousineau, a clinical psychologist, “People desire kindness yet often feel troubled by the thought of being kind.” 50 They may question whether their gesture or gift will be misinterpreted, or whether it will make the recipient feel pressured to pay it back. 51 Jennifer Oldham, who lost her 9-year-old daughter Hallie in July, recently created a Facebook group — Keeping Kindness for Hallie — that encourages participants to engage in random acts of kindness. People have bought groceries and donated school supplies in Hallie’s honor. “It will help your own heart, maybe even more than the recipients,” said Ms. Oldham. If you are not already in the habit of performing random kind acts, or if it does not come naturally to you, start by thinking about what you like to do. It’s not about you being like, ‘Oh man, now I have to learn how to bake cookies in order to be nice’. It’s about: 52 And how can you turn that into an offering for other people? A．What skills and talents do you already have? B．Stress can also keep people from being kind to others. C．Why are recipients less likely to appreciate a random act of kindness? D．But an act of kindness is unlikely to fail, and in some instances it can create even more kindness. E．People who perform a random act of kindness tend to underestimate how much the recipient will appreciate it. F．But researchers who study kindness and friendship say they hope the new findings strengthen the scientific case for making these types of gestures more often. 【答案】49．F 50．B 51．D 52．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述做善事可以帮助降低压力水平，以及如何做善事。 49．上文“The idea that kindness can boost happiness is hardly new. Studies have shown that prosocial behavior — basically, voluntarily helping others — can help lower people’s daily stress levels, and that simple acts of connection, like texting a friend, mean more than many of us realize.(善良可以提升幸福感的观点并不新鲜。研究表明，亲社会行为——基本上是自愿帮助他人——可以帮助人们降低日常压力水平，而简单的联系行为，比如给朋友发短信，比我们许多人意识到的更有意义。)”，而F选项“但研究善意和友谊的研究人员表示，他们希望这些新发现能够为更多地做出这类行为提供科学依据。”中的“the new findings”呼应上文，并且“these types of gestures”也对应上文的“texting a friend”等，符合题意，故选F。 50．根据下文“They may question whether their gesture or gift will be misinterpreted, or whether it will make the recipient feel pressured to pay it back.(他们可能会质疑自己的举动或礼物是否会被误解，或者是否会让收礼者感到有回报的压力。)”可知人们害怕自己的善意被误解，因此推断上文应该是和做善事也是有压力的相关内容，所以B选项“压力也可以阻止人们对别人友善。”符合语境，故选B。 51．根据下文“Jennifer Oldham, who lost her 9-year-old daughter Hallie in July, recently created a Facebook group — Keeping Kindness for Hallie — that encourages participants to engage in random acts of kindness. People have bought groceries and donated school supplies in Hallie’s honor. “It will help your own heart, maybe even more than the recipients,” said Ms. Oldham. (珍妮弗·奥尔德姆在7月份失去了9岁的女儿哈莉，她最近在Facebook上创建了一个名为“为哈莉保持善良”的小组，鼓励参与者随意做一些善举。为了纪念哈莉，人们买了杂货，捐赠了学习用品。奥尔德姆女士说：“这对你自己的心脏有帮助，甚至可能比接受者更有帮助。”)”可知本段是关于做善事还是有好处的内容，D选项“但是，善意的行为不太可能失败，在某些情况下，它甚至可以创造更多的善意。”符合本段所举的事例，并且和上文构成转折关系，故选D。 52．根据上文“It’s not about you being like, ‘Oh man, now I have to learn how to bake cookies in order to be nice’.( 这并不是说你会说，‘哦，天哪，现在我必须学会如何烤饼干才能变得漂亮。’)”以及下文“And how can you turn that into an offering for other people?(你怎么能把它变成对其他人的奉献呢?)”可知设空处说的是你现在有什么样的技能，并且能用它为别人提供帮助，所以A选项“你已经具备哪些技能和才能?”符合语境，承上启下，故选A。 14 Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. 【来源】上海市复旦大学附属中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期中英语试卷 About 2,400 years ago in Athens a man was put to death for asking too many questions. There were philosophers before him, but it was with Socrates that the subject really took off. 53 . Snub-nosed, podgy, shabby and a bit strange, Socrates did not fit in. Although physically ugly and often unwashed, he had great charisma and a brilliant mind. Everyone in Athens agreed that there had never been anyone quite like him and probably wouldn’t be again. He was unique. But he was also extremely annoying. He saw himself as one of those horseflies that have a nasty bite—a gadfly. 54 . Not everyone in Athens agreed, though. Some loved him; others thought him a dangerous influence. As a young man he had been a brave soldier fighting in the Peloponnesian War against the Spartans and their allies. In middle age he shuffled around the marketplace, stopping people from time to time and asking them awkward questions. 55 . But the questions he asked were razor-sharp. They seemed straightforward; but they weren’t. An example of this was his conversation with Euthydemus. Socrates asked him whether being deceitful counted as being immoral. Of course it does, Euthydemus replied. He thought that was obvious. But what, Socrates asked, if your friend is feeling very low and might kill himself, and you steal his knife? Isn’t that a deceitful act? Of course it is. But isn’t it moral rather than immoral to do that? It’s a good thing, not a bad one—despite being a deceitful act. Yes, said Euthydemus, who by now is tied in knots. Socrates by using a clever counter-example has shown that Euthydemus’ general comment that being deceitful is immoral doesn’t apply in every situation. Euthydemus hadn’t realized this before. Over and over again Socrates demonstrated that the people he met in the marketplace didn’t really know what they thought they knew. A military commander would begin a conversation totally confident that he knew what “courage” meant, but after 20 minutes in Socrates’ company would leave completely confused. The experience must have been disconcerting. Socrates loved to reveal the limits of what people genuinely understood, and to question the assumptions on which they built their lives. 56 . Far better that than to carry on believing that you understood something when you didn’t. A．That was more or less all he did. B．What made Socrates so wise was that he kept asking questions and he was always willing to debate his ideas. C．They are irritating, but don’t do serious harm. D．If philosophy has a patron saint, it is Socrates. E．It meant understanding the true nature of our existence, including the limits of what we can know. F．A conversation that ended in everyone realizing how little they knew was for him a success. 【答案】53．D 54．C 55．A 56．F 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了苏格拉底通过不断地争论、质疑及寻求来展现真正的智慧。 53．空前“There were philosophers before him, but it was with Socrates that the subject really took off.(在他之前有哲学家，但这门学科真正腾飞的是苏格拉底)”表明苏格拉底让哲学这门学科开始腾飞；D选项“If philosophy has a patron saint, it is Socrates.(如果哲学有一位守护神，那就是苏格拉底)”与前文语境一致，表明苏格拉底在哲学上的重要地位。故选D项。 54．空前“But he was also extremely annoying. He saw himself as one of those horseflies that have a nasty bite—a gadfly.(但他也非常烦人。他认为自己是那种咬人很厉害的马蝇——牛虻)”可知，苏格拉底也让人很厌烦，空后“Not everyone in Athens agreed, though.(不过，并非所有雅典人都同意这一观点)”表示并非所有雅典人都认为苏格拉底很惹人厌烦；C选项“They are irritating, but don’t do serious harm.(它们令人恼火，但不会造成严重伤害)”中They指代前文的gadfly来比作苏格拉底虽然让人讨厌，却没有严重的伤害，且irritating与上文的annoying相呼应，本句与下文表示转折的内容进行呼应。故选C项。 55．空前描述苏格拉底的生平，“As a young man he had been a brave soldier fighting in the Peloponnesian War against the Spartans and their allies.(年轻时，他曾在伯罗奔尼撒战争中英勇作战，抗击斯巴达人和他们的盟友)”表明年轻时参与战争，“In middle age he shuffled around the marketplace, stopping people from time to time and asking them awkward questions.(中年时，他在市场上走来走去，不时地拦住人们，问他们一些尴尬的问题)”表示中年时提出质疑和询问；A选项“That was more or less all he did.(这差不多就是他所做的一切)”对前文进行总结。故选A项。 56．空前“A military commander would begin a conversation totally confident that he knew what “courage” meant, but after 20 minutes in Socrates’ company would leave completely confused. The experience must have been disconcerting. Socrates loved to reveal the limits of what people genuinely understood, and to question the assumptions on which they built their lives.(一位军事指挥官开始谈话时会完全相信自己知道“勇气”是什么意思，但在苏格拉底的陪伴下20分钟后，他会完全不知所措。这段经历一定令人不安。苏格拉底喜欢揭示人们真正理解的局限，并质疑人们赖以生存的假设)”表明苏格拉底喜欢通过对话质疑别人的理解和假设；F选项“A conversation that ended in everyone realizing how little they knew was for him a success.(对他来说，谈话结束时，每个人都意识到他们所知甚少，这是一种成功)”表明苏格拉底通过与对方谈话而达成的目的；空后“Far better that than to carry on believing that you understood something when you didn’t.(这比在你不懂的时候继续相信你懂了要好得多)”描述谈话的目的是为了让对方了解自己知识的局限性，与前文语境相符。故选F项。 15 Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. 【来源】上海市市西中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期中考试英语试卷 When there are debates about the world’s top performing education systems, the names that usually get mentioned are the Asian powerhouses such as Singapore and South Korea or the Nordic know-alls, such as Finland or Norway. But with much less recognition, Canada has climbed into the top tier of international rankings. In the most recent round of international Pise tests, Canada was one of a handful of countries to appear in the top 10 for maths, science and reading. The tests, run by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), are a major study of educational performance and show Canada’s teenagers as among the best educated in the world. 57 At university level, Canada has the world’s highest proportion of working-age adults who have been through higher education — 55% compared with an average in OECD countries of 35%. 58 The top performers are often compact (紧凑的) societies and the current highest achiever, Singapore, has been seen as a model of systematic progress, with each part of the education system integrated into an overarching national strategy. Canada does not even really have a national education system. It is based on autonomous provinces and it is hard to think of a bigger contrast between a city state such as Singapore and sprawling land mass such as Canada. The OECD, trying to understand Canada’s success in education, described the role of the federal government as “limited and sometimes non-existent”. 59 Andreas Schleicher, the OECD’s education director, says Canada’s “big uniting theme is equity”. Despite the different policies in individual provinces, there is a common commitment to an equal chance in school. He says there is a strong sense of fairness and equal access — and this is seen in the high academic performance of migrant children. Within three years of arriving, the Pisa tests show the children of new migrants have scores as high as the rest of their schoolmates. 60 Another distinguishing feature is that Canada’s teachers are well paid by international standards — and entry into teaching is highly selective. A．It makes Canada one of the few countries where migrant children achieve at a level similar to their non-migrant counterparts. B．Canada’s success in school tests is also very unusual compared with other international trends. C．Is school funding linked to results of international Pisa tests? D．There have been systematic efforts to improve literacy and testing and assessment to identify schools or individuals who are struggling. E．So how has Canada overtaken so many other countries in education? F．They are far ahead of geographical neighbours such as the US and European countries with strong cultural ties like the UK and France. 【答案】57．F 58．B 59．E 60．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了加拿大青少年是世界上受教育程度最高的国家之一。 57．结合上文“The tests, run by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), are a major study of educational performance and show Canada’s teenagers as among the best educated in the world.(这些测试由经济合作与发展组织（OECD）进行，是对教育表现的一项主要研究，显示加拿大青少年是世界上受教育程度最高的国家之一)”可知，加拿大青少年的受教育程度很高。由此可知，F选项“They are far ahead of geographical neighbours such as the US and European countries with strong cultural ties like the UK and France.(他们远远领先于美国等地理邻国和英国、法国等文化联系紧密的欧洲国家)”承接上文，符合语境。故选F项。 58．结合下文“The top performers are often compact (紧凑的) societies and the current highest achiever, Singapore, has been seen as a model of systematic progress, with each part of the education system integrated into an overarching national strategy.(表现最好的往往是紧凑型社会，目前成绩最高的新加坡被视为系统进步的典范，教育系统的每一部分都被纳入国家总体战略)”和“ It is based on autonomous provinces and it is hard to think of a bigger contrast between a city state such as Singapore and sprawling land mass such as Canada.(它以自治省为基础，很难想象像新加坡这样的城市国家和像加拿大这样的大片土地之间有更大的对比)”可知，加拿大的教育系统与其他国家有很大不同。由此可知，B选项“Canada’s success in school tests is also very unusual compared with other international trends.(与其他国际趋势相比，加拿大在学校考试方面的成功也很不寻常)”能够开启下文，符合语境。故选B项。 59．结合下文“He says there is a strong sense of fairness and equal access — and this is seen in the high academic performance of migrant children.(他说，这里有一种强烈的公平感和平等的机会，这一点可以从流动儿童的高学习成绩中看出)”可知，在加拿大受教育的机会时平等的、公平的，这在阐述加拿大在教育发面超过其他国家的原因。由此可知，E选项“So how has Canada overtaken so many other countries in education?(那么，加拿大是如何在教育方面超越许多其他国家的呢？)”适合作本段主题句，符合语境。故选E项。 60．结合上文“Within three years of arriving, the Pisa tests show the children of new migrants have scores as high as the rest of their schoolmates.(在抵达后的三年内，比萨测试显示，新移民的孩子的分数与其他同学一样高)”可知，加拿大是移民儿童达到与非移民儿童同等水平的国家。由此可知，A选项“It makes Canada one of the few countries where migrant children achieve at a level similar to their non-migrant counterparts.(这使加拿大成为少数几个移民儿童取得与非移民儿童相似水平的国家之一)”能够承接上文，话题一致，符合语境。故选A项。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$