新概念英语第二册 Lesson 3 Please send me a card 知识点

Lesson 3 Please send me a card 1. send v. 发送，寄 （sent-sent） Please send me a card=Please send a card to me 复习：v.+双宾语 give sb sth=give sth to sb show sb sth =show sth to sb send sb sth=send sth to sb tell sb sth=tell sth to sb buy sb sth =buy sth for sb borrow sb sth=borrow sth from sb lend sb sth= lend sth to sb bring sb sth=bring sth to sb pass sb sth=pass sth to sb teach sb sth=teach sth to sb …… 注意：①其中sb叫做 间接宾语 ，sth叫做 直接宾语 ②注意介词的不同 搭配： send an email 发送一封电子邮件 send for sb 派人去请 send up 发射，射出，往上送 send out 派遣，发出（信号、通知等） 练习：①He was ill, and I thought I should send for a doctor. ②The rocket will be sent up tomorrow morning. ③People are used to send an email to communication in foreign company. ④The crew（机组人员） did not send out any distress signals.（求救信号） 2. postcard n.明信片（本课文中的postcard=card） 联想：ID card=Identification card 身份证 birthday card 生日贺卡 credit card 信用卡 3. spoil v.使索然无味，损坏，宠坏（spoiled/spoilt-spoiled/spoilt） spoiled adj. 被宠坏的 注意：在英文中，现在分词（v-ing）和过去分词（done）可以作adj.修饰名词 例：an interesting book 一本有趣的书 boiled water 开水 运用：Heavy rain has spoiled/spoilt my holiday.（动词过去分词） That spoiled boy always asks for everything.（过去分词作形容词） 辨析：表示“损坏”的单词spoil damage destroy break spoil 表示破坏心情，宠坏 damage 强调损害后还可以修复 destroy 强调损坏之后不能修复，彻底破坏 break 强调“打破，打碎” 练习：①After the air crash, the plane has been destroyed . ②One of the visitors damaged our piano, and my dad would have it repaired. ③Much homework will spoil my weekend. ④Don’t break the vase. 4. museum n.博物馆 搭配：science museum 科学博物馆 art museum 艺术博物馆 history museum 历史博物馆 5. friendly adj. 友好的;友善的 联想： unfriendly 不友好的；不友善的 friend 朋友 friendship 友谊 运用：A friendly waiter taught me a few words of Italian. 复习：n.+ly → adj. day→daily 日常的 week→weekly 每周的 year→yearly 每年的 6. waiter n.服务员，招待员 联想：waitress n. 女服务员 actor n.男演员/actress n.女演员 host n.男主人，男主持人/hostess n.女主人，女主持人 7. lend v.借给，借出（lent-lent） 搭配：lend sb sth=lend sth to sb 运用：He lent me a book.= He lent a book me . 辨析：lend和borrow lend 表示 借出去，句式是lend sb sth = lend sth to sb borrow 表示 借进来，借入，句式是borrow sb sth=borrow sth from sb 运用：He wanted to borrow money from me, but I didn’t lend it to him. （他想借钱，但是我没借给他） 8. decision n. 决定 搭配：make a decision to do sth 决定做某事 例句： I make a decision to study hard. 我下定决心努力学习 词根：decide v. 决定（decided-decided） decide to do sth 决定做某事 例句：He decided to give me a hand. 拓展：make up one’s mind to do sth. 例句：Mr. Wang made up his mind to give up smoking. 9. whole adj. 整个的 搭配：the whole day=all the day=all day 一整天 运用： the whole world 整个世界 同音词：hole 洞，孔 例句：He fell down the hole with carelessness. 运用： dig a hole 挖洞 10. single adj.唯一的，单一的，单身的 搭配：single room 单人房 联想：double adj.双的 double room 双人房 married adj. 已婚的 运用：Are you single or married? I did nor even write a single card.我甚至一张卡片都没有写出来 11. line n. 行，也可以表示路线，队列 例句：I am repairing your telephone line. 我在修理你的电话线. The line is busy. 线路很忙 Stand in the line. 排队 12. a few, few, a little, little的用法 ①a few / few 后+ 可数名词 a few 表示“有几个”，表达 肯定含义 few 表示“几乎没有”，表达 否定含义 （相当于no） ②a little / little 后+ 不可数名词 a little 表示“少量”，表达 肯定含义 little表示“几乎没有”，表达 否定含义 （相当于no） 练习：① There are a few books in the box, and I will take out one to read. ② The milk smells spoiled, and I will go to the market to buy a little . ③ There is a little/little water in the bottles. 13. think v. 思考，考虑（thought-thought） think of vs think about think of 想到，考虑，侧重于想起来，记起来 think about 考虑，思索，侧重于认真思考，思索 练习：① Think about it before you give your idea. ②I know that guy, but I just can’t think of his name. 14. on the last day 在最后一天 on the first day 在第一天 具体某一天用介词 on 练习：① in spring ② on a cool autumn night ③ at noon/night ④ in June, 2004 ⑤ on 1st June, 2024 ⑥ on holiday 15. spend v.（spent-spent）花费，度过 搭配：spend sth 花费……（spend money 花钱） spend time/money on sth spend time/money (in) doing sth 练习：He spends half an hour on English each day. He spends half an hour (in) learning (learn) English each day. 16.时态复习：一般过去时 一、定义：一般过去时用来表示过去某一时间内发生的动作或存在的状态以及过去习惯性、反复性的动作 二、动词构成：was/were 或者 动词过去式 ※注意：复习背诵动词过去式不规则变化表 三、句型转换 1.be动词的变化 肯定句：主语+was/were+其他 否定句：主语+was/were+not+其他+？ 一般疑问句：Was/Were+主语+其他+？ 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+其他+？ 2.行为动词的变化 肯定句：主语+动词过去式+其他 否定句：主语+didn’t+动词原型+其他 一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原型+其他+？ 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原型+其他+？ 四、连用的时间状语 yesterday, the day before yesterday, last+时间，时间+ago, just now, in 1990, at the age of ...,When I was 8...,this morning, that day, in those days等。 练习： ①I had (have) a great time with my friends last weekend. 解析：last weekend 是一般过去时的时间标志词，have 的过去式是 had。 ②She didn’t do (not do) her homework yesterday. 解析：yesterday 表明是过去的时间，do one's homework 是固定短语，否定形式需要借助助动词 didn't，后面用动词原形 do。 ③—Where did you go last night? —I went to the cinema. 解析：问句中用的是一般过去时，答语也要用一般过去时，go 的过去式是 went 。 ④He read (read) an interesting book last month. 解析：last month 是过去的时间，read 的过去式还是 read，但读音不同。 ⑤They were (be) very happy at the party yesterday. 解析：yesterday 提示用一般过去时,主语是They, 所以用were ⑥My father bought (buy) a new car last year. 解析：last year 是一般过去时的标志词，buy 的过去式是 bought。 ⑦We visited (visit) the museum two days ago. 解析：two days ago 表明动作发生在过去，visit 的过去式是 visited 。 ⑧The girl lost (lose) her keys yesterday. 解析：yesterday 是过去时间，lose 的过去式是 lost 。 ⑨—Did you see Tom at the party? —No, I didn’t see (not see) him. 解析：问句用的是一般过去时的一般疑问句，答语也要用一般过去时的否定形式，借助 didn't，后面用动词原形 see 。 ⑩How was (be) your vacation last summer? 解析：last summer 表明是过去，vacation 是单数，所以用 was 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$