专题07 阅读理解之说明文-【好题汇编】5年（2020-2024）中考1年模拟英语分类汇编（广东省卷专用）

专题07 阅读理解之说明文 【五年考情回顾】 年份 体裁 主题内容 2024年 说明文 本文进行一个研究，研究结果表明人类可以通过听鸡的叫声来判断它是高兴还是悲伤。 2023年 说明文 本文介绍了动物天生就具有某些不寻常的方向感。 2022年 说明文 本文介绍了纸扇可以保持凉爽，以及制作纸扇的步骤。 2021年 说明文 1.食物浪费是当今社会一个很大的问题，Laura开发了一个应用可以帮助解决这个问题。 2.Manor农场在举行采摘活动，那里有美味的草莓，欢迎人们来采摘。在今年新冠肺炎疫情形势下，为了给客户营造安全的户外环境，该农场特做了一些说明。 2020年 说明文 1.文章主要介绍了马里大象项目(MEP)保护大象的举措和努力。 2.本文主要介绍了两个有趣的适合学生做的团队活动：水接力赛和真相与谎言。 （2024·广东·中考真题）People know animals do have feelings, but they are not sure if these feelings are correctly understood. In recent years, scientists have done research about the feelings of cows, frogs and pandas. ▲ It says that humans can tell whether a chicken is happy or sad by listening to its calls. The researchers put a bowl behind a door. Inside the bowl, sometimes, there was something chickens love to eat, such as rice or insects. Sometimes, there was nothing. When the chickens saw food behind the door, they seemed happy and produced fast and loud sounds, known as food calls. When there wasn’t food, the chickens made low and long noises to express disappointment. The researchers recorded all these sounds and studied their waves. Then the researchers chose 16 recordings of such chicken noises. Half were from the chickens seeing the food and half were from the chickens finding no food. The recordings were played to 194 volunteers. Sixty-nine percent of the volunteers correctly understood whether the chickens were feeling happy or not, and some of them even had no experience of taking care of chickens. The result shows that humans have the natural ability to understand the feelings of chickens. Hopefully, this finding can bring about new technology to help with chicken-raising, a big industry in many countries. Some scientists are already working on a smart computer program that can identify chickens’ feelings. This is good news for farmers who want to make the birds happier and healthier. 1．Which of the following can be put in “________” in Paragraph 1? A．Humans may not like animals. B．Scientists know nothing about it. C．Nobody knows why this happens. D．A new study adds chickens to the list. 2．Which is most probably the sound wave of a happy call by a chicken? A． B． C． D． 3．How did the volunteers help with the research? A．By listening to the chicken calls. B．By taking care of the chickens. C．By finding food for the chickens. D．By making the chickens happy. 4．What does the underlined word “identify” mean in Paragraph 4? A．Control. B．Hide. C．Recognize. D．Hurt. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．Chickens’ Food Calls B．Happy Chickens, Sad Chickens C．Farmers’ Best Choice D．Smart Farmers, Healthy Farmers 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文进行一个研究，研究结果表明人类可以通过听鸡的叫声来判断它是高兴还是悲伤。 1．推理判断题。根据“In recent years, scientists have done research about the feelings of cows, frogs and pandas. ... It says that humans can tell whether a chicken is happy or sad by listening to its calls.”可知，空前提到牛、青蛙和熊猫，空后提到鸡，选项D “一项新的研究将鸡加入了这个名单” 符合语境，故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据“When the chickens saw food behind the door, they seemed happy and produced fast and loud sounds”可知，当鸡看到门后有食物时，它们似乎很高兴，并发出快速而响亮的声音。选项D符合 “快速而响亮的声音” 这一描述，故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“The recordings were played to 194 volunteers.”可知，这些录音播放给194名志愿者听，所以志愿者们是通过听鸡叫来帮助这项研究，故选A。 4．词句猜测题。根据“Some scientists are already working on a smart computer program that can identify chickens’ feelings.”可知，一些科学家已经在研究一种可以……鸡的情感的智能计算机程序。联系前文可知，是为了识别鸡的情感，故选C。 5．最佳标题题。本文介绍研究结果表明人类可以通过听鸡的叫声来判断它是高兴还是悲伤，选项B “快乐的鸡，悲伤的鸡” 符合主题，故选B。 （2023·广东·中考真题）Some animals can easily find their way home after a long journey. How do they make it? Scientific research shows that they are born with certain unusual abilities for direction. A certain kind of ants, for example, can count their steps to avoid getting lost. They can go as far as 110 metres and bring food home. These ants live in the open desert (沙漠), so they have nothing to guide them along the way. It’s like someone walking six kilometres through a dark forest. Some fish have an unbelievable sense of smell. They can smell even a single drop of their home water in a large sea area. Some sea birds have a similar ability. They are able to make a smell map of their flying area. Some animals can sense the earth’s magnetic field (磁场), while humans can’t. This magnetic field guides a certain kind of fish when they swim a long way to a place and then back. How can this kind of fish do that? It is still a mystery. Scientists have no good answers yet. However, animals with such unusual abilities still have difficulty dealing with environmental changes caused by human activities. For example, many birds depend on stars for direction, but they get lost easily at night when city lights are kept on all night. To solve this problem, we can simply turn off some lights at night. Clearly, one small act of humans may mean a lot to animals. 6．Where is this passage most probably from? A．A storybook. B．An art magazine. C．A guidebook. D．A science magazine. 7．How can a certain kind of ants find their way? A．By imagining the way. B．By counting their steps. C．By bringing food together D．By walking through a forest. 8．What does the underlined word “mystery” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Secret. B．Choice. C．Reason. D．Feeling. 9．What are people advised to do according to the last paragraph? A．To help animals. B．To travel at night. C．To keep city lights on. D．To develop unusual abilities. 10．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．Birds’ Sense of Light B．Fish’s Sense of Smell C．Animals’ Sense of Direction D．Animals’ Sense of Magnetic Field 【答案】6．D 7．B 8．A 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文介绍了动物天生就具有某些不寻常的方向感。 6．推理判断题。本文是围绕“动物的方向感”展开，可以在科学杂志上看到。故选D。 7．细节理解题。根据“A certain kind of ants, for example, can count their steps to avoid getting lost.”可知一些蚂蚁可以通过数步数来避免迷路。故选B。 8．词句猜测题。根据“It is still a mystery. Scientists have no good answers yet.”可知科学家还没有答案，因此可推知划线部分“mystery”与A选项“秘密”意思相近。故选A。 9．细节理解题。根据“However, animals with such unusual abilities still have difficulty dealing with environmental changes caused by human activities...Clearly, one small act of humans may mean a lot to animals.”可知本段说明人类的一个小举动可能对动物意义重大，因此是建议人们要帮助动物。故选A。 10．最佳标题题。本文介绍了动物天生就具有某些不寻常的方向感，“动物的方向感”为最佳标题。故填C。 （2023·广东·中考真题） When it’s hot outside and we have to go out, surely we want to keep cool. We can put on hats, wear light clothing, or stay at a cool place. However, nothing can beat a good fan. Now I’ll show you how to make a good DIY (Do It Yourself) paper fan. What to prepare Please prepare two pieces of paper. All paper will work, but your DIY fan can be used for a long time with quality (优质的) paper. Then get glue, two sticks, etc. How to make a DIY fan The first step is to draw pictures on the paper. Just draw anything you like. The next step is to fold up (折叠) the paper. Then glue the two pieces of folded paper together. After that, paint the sticks. The final step is to glue the sticks onto the folded paper. And everything is done. If you look at your watch, you will be surprised: it takes less than 15 minutes to make a good paper fan. Then you can fold it up and drop it in your bag. When you are out in the heat next time, just take it out and enjoy the gentle wind. 11．Which is the best way to keep cool according to paragraph 1? A．Putting on hats. B．Using a good fan. C．Wearing light clothing. D．Staying at a cool place. 12．Why is quality paper a good choice to make a fan? A．It is light. B．It is colorful. C．It lasts long. D．It looks beautiful. 13．What is the second step of making a paper fan? A．Painting the sticks. B．Drawing pictures on the paper. C．Folding up the paper. D．Gluing the sticks onto the folded paper. 14．From the last paragraph, we can tell that making a paper fan is ________. A．quick B．difficult C．boring D．strange 15．What is the purpose of this passage? A．To sell paper fans. B．To show how to save time. C．To share a fun story. D．To teach how to make paper fans. 【答案】11．B 12．C 13．C 14．A 15．D 【导语】本文介绍了纸扇可以保持凉爽，以及制作纸扇的步骤。 11．细节理解题。根据“We can put on hats, wear light clothing, or stay at a cool place. However, nothing can beat a good fan.”可知天热想保持凉爽的最佳方式就是使用一把好扇子。故选B。 12．细节理解题。根据“All paper will work, but your DIY fan can be used for a long time with quality (优质的) paper.”可知是因为可以长时间使用。故选C。 13．细节理解题。根据“The next step is to fold up (折叠) the paper.”可知第二个步骤是把纸折叠起来。故选C。 14．推理判断题。根据“If you look at your watch, you will be surprised: it takes less than 15 minutes to make a good paper fan.(如果你看看你的手表，你会感到惊讶:制作一个好的纸扇只需要不到15分钟。)”可推知制作纸扇是非常快的。故选A。 15．推理判断题。本文介绍了纸扇可以保持凉爽，以及制作纸扇的步骤，即教我们如何制作纸扇。故选D。 （2021·广东·中考真题）According to a research more than 130 billion pounds of uneaten food go to waste in Laura’s country each year. That is about 30% of the yearly food supply (供应). It is a sad fact especially when you consider how many families and homeless people are in hunger. When Laura saw her school dining hall throw away food that was not eaten at all every day, she came up with an idea. She started a project to help her school dining hall to give away uneaten food to homeless shelters (庇护所) in her community. In the past three years, the same project has spread to other schools and some fast food restaurants throughout the city. The project is called Feed& find, and has already fed thousands of people in her city. How does it work? Through an app, Feed& Find matches local homeless shelters with school dining halls and restaurants that have uneaten food to provide. When dining halls or restaurants have uneaten food left, they can use the app to share the information about the food. A truck driver working for the project is then sent to pick it up and take it to a shelter. Pretty cool, right? It’s not surprising that people in other cities have got in touch with Laura hoping that she could have developed similar projects for their communities. Some people, however, have concerns about the safety of the uneaten food. They think such food may not be clean enough. Still, this project is a clever way to help solve the problem of food waste and it helps those in need. 16．The numbers in paragraph 1 tell us ________. A．some people are poor B．food waste is serious C．the population is large D．the research is interesting 17．Laura’s project first got food from ________. A．her school dining hall B．her family C．a fast food restaurant D．homeless shelter 18．People in other cities would like Laura to ________. A．find a truck driver B．visit their communities C．give away food to them D．help develop projects like hers 19．The underlined words “concerns” in this passage means ________. A．ways B．secrets C．worries D．decisions 20．Which can be the best title for this passage? A．A Dining Guide App B．A Food Sharing Project C．A Driving Service App D．A Food Safety Project 【答案】16．B 17．A 18．D 19．C 20．B 【分析】食物浪费是当今社会一个很大的问题，Laura开发了一个应用可以帮助解决这个问题。 16．推理判断题。根据“According to a research more than 130 billion pounds of on uneaten food go to waste in Laura’s country each year. That is about 30% of the yearly food supply (供应). ”可知每年有1300亿磅的食物的食物被浪费，这些数字向我们展示了食物浪费的严重。故选B。 17．细节理解题。根据“Through an app, Feed& Find matches local homeless shelters with school dining halls and restaurants that have uneaten food to provide. ”可知Laura的项目最是从学校食堂开始。故选A。 18．细节理解题。根据“It’s not surprising that people in other cities have got in touch with Laura hoping that she could have develop similar projects for their communities.”可知其他城市的人也希望Laura帮他们开发这样的软件。故选D。 19．词义推断题。根据“They think such food may not be clean enough. ”可知一些人认为食物没那么干净，所以担心食物的安全。故选C。 20．最佳标题。根据“Still, this project is a clever way to help solve the problem of food waste and it helps those in need.”可知本文介绍的这个项目，可以帮助减少食物浪费，做到食物分享，B选项“一个食物分享项目”符合。故选B。 （2021·广东·中考真题）Welcome to Manor Farm U-pick Activities. We are known for our delicious strawberries. We invite you to visit the farm and enjoy our fresh products and great farming experiences. We’ll try our best to create a safe open-air environment for our customers under the circumstances (情况) of COVID-19 this year. Please read the instructions below. To pick the strawberries, you need to make a reservation (预约) on our website. Reservations are open from 13:00 to 20:00 the day before the picking day. Please don’t come to the farm if you are sick. On the farm, you need to stay at least two meters away from anyone you don’t live with. For safety, you must use our new baskets only. A basket alone costs 5 yuan. It holds about 2kg of strawberries and a basket of strawberries is priced at 50 yuan in total. If children come, they MUST stay close to their parents. Running up and down the strawberry rows will NOT be allowed. Our workers will tell them where to start picking and the children should listen. We hope children will follow our safety rules in our fields. No pets are allowed on the farm. Any questions, please call us at 906-256-523. 21．If you go to the farm on August 8th, you can make a reservation at ________. A．10:00 on August 6th B．10:00 on August 7th C．14:00 on August 6th D．14:00 on August 7th 22．The farm provides new baskets ________. A．to cut down the cost B．to protect the environment C．to keep customers safe D．to carry more strawberries 23．On the farm, children are asked to ________. A．plant some strawberries B．run along the rows C．stay close to their parents D．look after their pets 24．For more information, you can ________. A．write an email B．make a phone call C．send a voice message D．watch news on TV 25．The instructions are most probably from ________. A．a farm owner B．a teacher C．a news reporter D．a customer 【答案】21．D 22．C 23．C 24．B 25．A 【分析】Manor农场在举行采摘活动，那里有美味的草莓，欢迎人们来采摘。在今年新冠肺炎疫情形势下，为了给客户营造安全的户外环境，该农场特做了一些说明。 21．细节理解题。根据第二段“Reservations are open from 13:00 to 20:00 the day before the picking day.”可知，预订时间为采摘日前一天13:00至20:00。结合题意，D选项“8月7日14:00”符合文意，故选D。 22．细节理解题。根据第五段“For safety, you must use our new baskets only.”可知，农场提供新篮子是为了保证客人的安全。故选C。 23．细节理解题。根据第六段“If children come, they MUST stay close to their parents.”可知，如果孩子来的话，他们必须要跟紧他们的父母。故选C。 24．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Any questions, please call us at 906-256-523.”可知，有任何问题可以打电话进行咨询。故选B。 25．推理判断题。根据文章开头“We are known for our delicious strawberries. We invite you to visit the farm and enjoy our fresh products and great farming experiences.”“我们以美味的草莓而出名，我们邀请你……”可以看出，写这个说明的是农场的主人。故选A。 （2020·广东·中考真题）Once there were many thousands of Gourma Desert (沙漠) elephants in Mali, a country in West Africa. Now, there are fewer than four hundred. Why did the number of the elephants drop so quickly? On the one hand, the elephants’ main lake, their only water source (来源), dried up. On the other hand, the land which the elephants lived on was overused by humans. To protect the elephants’ living environment, the Mali Elephant Project (MEP) was started in 2007. MEP met with local people and helped them make rules of using land and water. As a result, the situation became better and there was more food, forest and grassland. However, from 2012 to 2016, poaching (偷猎) and illegal trade in the elephants increased rapidly. Eighty-three elephants were lost in 2015 alone, and another fifty-one elephant were killed in 2016. “If this situation goes on, all the Gourma elephants will be killed by 2020,” said a member of MEP. Luckily, the voice of MEP was heard. More organizations (组织) have joined together to educate the local people that trading elephants is against the law. Elephant poaching has dropped to a very low level. The local people have learned to live peacefully with the elephants, one of the wildlife treasures in the world. 26．MEP was started to ________. A．raise more elephants in Mali B．stop the main lake from drying up C．discover water source for elephants D．protect the elephants’ living environment 27．What does the word “illegal” in Paragraph 4 mean in Chinese? A．公平的 B．亏损的 C．非法的 D．合理的 28．Eighty-three elephants were lost ________. A．in 2012 B．in 2015 C．in 2016 D．in 2020 29．We can learn from the last paragraph that ________. A．the number of organizations has dropped B．there is much less elephant poaching now C．the local people keep the elephants at home D．the whole world live peacefully with elephants 30．This passage is mainly about ________. A．the rules of using land and water B．the education of the local people C．the work of Mali Elephant Project D．the situation of Gourma Desert elephants 【答案】26．D 27．C 28．B 29．B 30．D 【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了马里大象项目(MEP)保护大象的举措和努力。 26．细节理解题。根据第三段“To protect the elephants’ living environment, the Mali Elephant Project (MEP) was started in 2007”可知是为了保护大象的居住环境，成立了马里大象项目，故选D。 27．词义猜测题。根据“Eighty-three elephants were lost in 2015 alone, and another fifty-one elephant were killed in 2016”可知illegal表达的是贬义，既然是偷猎，那就是违法的，此处指的是“非法的，违法的”。故选C。 28．细节理解题。根据第三段“Eighty-three elephants were lost in 2015 alone”可知2015年失去83头大象，故选B。 29．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Luckily, the voice of MEP was heard. More organizations (组织) have joined together to educate the local people that trading elephants is against the law. Elephant poaching has dropped to a very low level. The local people have learned to live peacefully with the elephants, one of the wildlife treasures in the world”可知A选项“has dropped”表述错误；B选项表述正确，大象偷猎减少了很多；C选项“keep the elephants at home”表述错误；D选项“the whole world”表述错误。故选B。 30．主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了马里大象Gourma elephants的现状以及保护措施等等，主旨大意可概括为the situation of Gourma Desert elephants。故选D。 （2020·广东·中考真题） It is necessary for students to learn some team skills like developing relationships, communicating well with others and solving problems. Here are two fun team activities. Activity 1: Water Relay (接力赛) Tools ● Two large buckets (水桶) to hold water ● One small bucket for each team member Instructions ● Fill one large bucket with water. ● Make holes in the bottom of the small buckets. ● Have the team members line up between the two large buckets. ● Pass the water from one large bucket to the other, using small buckets. Try to keep as much water as possible. Why It’s Fun ● It’s fun to workout away to lose as little water as possible. ● It’s water. Isn’t it fun to get you wet on a hot summer day? Activity 2: Truth and Lie This activity will allow team members to learn about each other. Instructions ● Have each team member think of three pieces of information about themselves, and one of them is a lie. ● Each team member tells the group all the three pieces of information. Let the other team members guess which is the lie. Why It’s Fun ● Students love talking about themselves and this gives them the chance to do so. ● Members can learn about each other. ● Members will be surprised at what others think of them. 31．How many team skills does the writer mention (提及) in Paragraph 1? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 32．What tools are needed for each team in Water Relay? A．One large bucket for each member. B．Two large buckets for each member. C．One small bucket for each member and two large buckets. D．Two small buckets for each member and one large bucket. 33．In order to win Water Relay, the team members should ________. A．get themselves wet B．lose as little water as possible C．pass the water as slowly as possible D．pass the large bucket to the other team 34．It is fun to play Truth and Lie because team members can ________. A．talk about themselves B．share love with each other C．tell lies to surprise others D．learn all the information about others 35．This passage is most probably from ________. A．a science book B．a travel guide C．a news website D．a school magazine 【答案】31．C 32．C 33．B 34．A 35．D 【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了两个有趣的适合学生做的团队活动：水接力赛和真相与谎言。 31．细节理解题。根据第1段中“It is necessary for students to learn some team skills like developing relationships, communicating well with others and solving problems.”可知第1段提到了三种团队技能：发展人际关系，与他人良好沟通，解决问题。故选C。 32．细节理解题。根据“Tools ●Two large buckets to hold water ●One small bucket for each team member”可知在水接力赛中每个队员需要一个小桶，还需要两个大桶盛水、故选C。 33．细节理解题。根据“Try to keep as much water as possible.”及“It’s fun to workout away to lose as little water as possible.”可知要赢得水接力赛，就要尽量少让水洒掉。故选B。 34．细节理解题。根据“Students love talking about themselves and this gives them the chance to do so.”可知玩真相和谎言是很有趣的，因为团队成员可以谈论自己。故选A。 35．推理判断题。根据第1段中“It is necessary for students to learn some team skills like developing relationships, communicating well with others and solving problems. Here are two fun team activities.”可知这是针对学生们学习团队技能而列举的两个有趣的活动，由此可推知极可能来自一本学校杂志。故选D。 （2024·广东梅州·二模）During the three-day New Year holiday, over 3 million tourists poured into Harbin. Many of them came from southern China where snow was nowhere to be found. Harbin locals gave these visitors a cute nickname “Nanfang xiaotudou” or “Southern potatoes”. It is because southern people are usually shorter and they look like small potatoes when wearing thick jackets and hats. To Harbin people, this name is not to make fun of southerners, but to create a sense of warmth with humor. Harbin tried everything to meet tourists’ needs, especially those from the south. Cooks carefully cut the local frozen pear into small pieces. Different kinds of concerts were held in shopping malls. A drone (无人机) lifted a man-made moon for tourists to take photos. Harbin really went all out to make them happy. However, even though they did all these to please the southern tourists, this nickname “Southern potatoes” sparked a heat discussion on the Internet. While Harbin locals use the name to show warmth and good will, some sightseers feel that calling them “small potatoes” is making fun of their height. Even though people from the Northeast are kind and warm-hearted, we have to realize that there is still some discrimination (歧视) in several parts of China. Nowadays, people travel all the time. Therefore, it’s important to make the world a more welcome place. After all, everyone likes kindness and dislikes discrimination, whether it’s on purpose or not. 36．Why do Harbin local s call southerners “Southern potatoes”? A．Because southerners like to eat small potatoes. B．Because southerners sell small potatoes in Harbin. C．Because Harbin locals want to make fun of southerners’ height. D．Because southerners look like small potatoes in thick jackets and hats. 37．What is the main idea of the second paragraph? A．Harbin cooks made some nice food for southern tourists. B．Southern travelers were very happy with Harbin tourism. C．Harbin tried their best to attract tourists and make them happy. D．Food, shopping malls, and the man-made moon attracted many tourists. 38．What does the underlined word “sparked” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Offered. B．Burned. C．Included. D．Caused. 39．How should we treat people from different places according to the last paragraph? A．We should be kind and welcome. B．We should not discriminate them on purpose. C．We should do everything to make them happy. D．We should treat them according to what they like. 40．What does the writer think of the nickname “Southern potatoes”? A．He think it’s funny. B．He thinks it’s unfair. C．He thinks it’s welcoming. D．He doesn’t express his own opinion. 【答案】36．D 37．C 38．D 39．A 40．D 【导语】本文介绍了“南方小土豆”这一词汇流行的原因，以及其引发的争议。 36．细节理解题。根据“It is because southern people are usually shorter and they look like small potatoes when wearing thick jackets and hats.”可知，这是因为南方人通常比较矮，穿厚夹克、戴帽子的时候看起来像小土豆，故选D。 37．段落大意题。根据“Harbin tried everything to meet tourists’ needs, especially those from the south.”和本段内容可知，第二段讲述了哈尔滨尽最大努力吸引游客，让他们开心。故选C。 38．词义猜测题。根据“a heat discussion on the Internet”可知，这个绰号在网上引发了争论，sparked和caused意思相近，在这里表示“引发，导致”，故选D。 39．推理判断题。根据“After all, everyone likes kindness and dislikes discrimination, whether it’s on purpose or not.”可知，每个人都喜欢友善，不喜欢歧视，不管是不是有意为之；由此推知招待来自不同地方的游客，我们应该友好和欢迎。故选A。 40．观点态度题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了“南方小土豆”这一词汇流行的原因，以及其引发的争议；作者在文中没有表达对这个绰号的看法。故选D。 （2024·广东江门·二模） In September 2023, Luckin Coffee launched a partnership with Kweichou Moutai, selling the moutai-flavored latte for 19 yuan per cup, offering a 50% discount on the product. The collaboration (合作) between Moutai and Luckin Coffee has caught the attention of many people. They are curious to try the coffee mixed with the most famous Chinese liquor (白酒). “For young people, this is their first taste of Moutai baijiu; for middle-aged and older people, it’s their first cup of Luckin coffee,” wrote a Weibo user. According to Luckin, on the first day it was sold, September 4th, 5.42 million cups of this special coffee were sold, bringing in 100 million yuan in sales. “This creative collaboration lets Moutai make its brand younger.” Li Honghui, a marketing director for drinks said. “Through collaborations, brands can share what they need, make the market bigger, and bring more creative things to buyers.” added Li. In 2023, China’s collaboration market will grow to over 100 billion yuan and may reach 300 billion yuan by 2025．However, wrong collaborations may have undesirable results and even hurt brands. “The key to making a collaboration work is about how good the products are. The brands should not just pay attention to getting the public excited.” said Li. 41．How much does a cup of Moutai-flavored latte cost without a discount? A．19 yuan. B．38 yuan. C．50 yuan. D．100 yuan. 42．What can we know from Paragraph 2? A．Drinking Moutai is a tradition in China. B．Selling coffee can make plenty of money. C．The collaboration has made great success. D．Young people like the taste of Moutai baijiu. 43．What does the underlined word “undesirable” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Unwanted. B．Unfinished. C．Important. D．Impossible. 44．What can we learn from Li Honghui’s words? A．All brands should team up with each other. B．New products must get the public excited. C．Making good products is the key to success. D．All collaborations will bring a better market. 45．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．The Use of Moutai Liquor B．Brands Collaboration C．A New Flavor of Coffee D．A New Coffee Shop 【答案】41．B 42．C 43．A 44．C 45．C 【导语】本文主要讲了酱香拿铁这种新口味的咖啡在市场的流行以及品牌双方合作成功的关键要注重产品的质量。 41．细节理解题。根据“selling the moutai-flavored latte for 19 yuan per cup, offering a 50% discount on the product”可知，5折优惠后是19元，原价是38元，故选B。 42．推理判断题。根据“According to Luckin, on the first day it was sold, September 4th, 5.42 million cups of this special coffee were sold, bringing in 100 million yuan in sales.”可知，从这个销售业绩可以看出，这次合作很成功，故选C。 43．词义猜测题。根据“However, wrong collaborations may have undesirable results and even hurt brands.”可知，会产生意想不到的结果，甚至伤害品牌，所以划线单词与Unwanted同义，故选A。 44．细节理解题。根据“The key to making a collaboration work is about how good the products are. The brands should not just pay attention to getting the public excited”可知，合作成功的关键在于产品有多好，故选C。 45．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲了酱香拿铁这种新口味的咖啡在市场的流行以及品牌双方合作成功的关键要注重产品的质量，所以C选项“一种新口味咖啡”符合本文标题，故选C。 （2024·广东东莞·二模） Imagine you walk into your office, with the temperature just right. You sit down and a very valuable and meaningful day begins. This is the kind of smart office that engineers are trying to make. It uses technology to help workers perform their best at work. It can be bad for your health if you sit in front of a desk for too long. For example, it can cause pain in the back and the neck. Sanon, a company in Zhejiang, built UP7 to deal with this. As a smart lifting desk, UP7 can tell how long a user has been sitting in the chair. When it reaches the setting time, it will “tell” the user to stand up and walk around. It does this by either shaking the table or sending messages to the user’s phone. The company also invented a kind of smart chair to match with the table. “The chair is so comfortable. It can adjust its arms and height according to your body shape,” a user in Zhejiang said on Xiaohongshu. In smart offices, you probably won’t use paper notebooks. Instead, you can try electronic paper books to put your work online. N10 from Hanvon Technology in Beijing, is a new “notebook” like this. It uses a screen that doesn’t produce much light. Users write or draw with an electronic pen on the screen. “It is just like reading and writing on real paper,” a user said. “You can organize, search and save notes easily. You usually need several big paper notebooks to do what the electronic notebook does.” 46．What is the main idea of Paragraph 1? A．A smart office will make the work day longer. B．A smart office will offer more jobs to engineers. C．A smart office can help workers work at their best D．A smart office can check a person’s body temperature. 47．How does UP7 protect users’ bodies? A．By making calls to users. B．By stopping users from sitting for too long. C．By moving the chair to relax users’ bodies. D．By lifting the desk to stop users from working. 48．What does the underlined word “adjust” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Miss. B．Change. C．Depend. D．Repair. 49．Why is N10 better than a paper notebook? A．Because N10 has a big screen. B．Because N10 can provide light for people to read. C．Because N10 can read and write on its own. D．Because N10 can easily organize, search and save notes. 50．In which part of a newspaper may the passage come from? A．Popular Science.B．Social Behavior. C．Weather Conditions. D．Famous Inventors. 【答案】46．C 47．B 48．B 49．D 50．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了对用户友好的智能办公室。 46．段落大意题。根据第一段“This is the kind of smart office that engineers are trying to make. It uses technology to help workers perform their best at work.”可知，它帮助工人在工作中发挥最佳表现。故选C。 47．细节理解题。根据第二段“When it reaches the setting time, it will “tell” the user to stand up and walk around.”可知，当它到达用户设定的时间时，它会“告诉”用户站起来走动，即不要坐太久。故选B。 48．词义猜测题。根据“The chair is so comfortable. It can adjust the arms and height according to your body shape,”可知椅子可以根据体型调整手臂和高度，故划线词意为“调整、改变”。故选B。 49．细节理解题。根据“You can organize, search and save notes easily. You usually need several big paper notebooks to do what the electronic notebook does.”可知，N10可以轻松地组织、搜索和存储笔记。故选D。 50．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了对用户友好的智能办公室，是一篇关于现代科技的文章，故可能出自科学板块。故选A。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题07 阅读理解之说明文 【五年考情回顾】 年份 体裁 主题内容 2024年 说明文 本文进行一个研究，研究结果表明人类可以通过听鸡的叫声来判断它是高兴还是悲伤。 2023年 说明文 本文介绍了动物天生就具有某些不寻常的方向感。 2022年 说明文 本文介绍了纸扇可以保持凉爽，以及制作纸扇的步骤。 2021年 说明文 1.食物浪费是当今社会一个很大的问题，Laura开发了一个应用可以帮助解决这个问题。 2.Manor农场在举行采摘活动，那里有美味的草莓，欢迎人们来采摘。在今年新冠肺炎疫情形势下，为了给客户营造安全的户外环境，该农场特做了一些说明。 2020年 说明文 1.文章主要介绍了马里大象项目(MEP)保护大象的举措和努力。 2.本文主要介绍了两个有趣的适合学生做的团队活动：水接力赛和真相与谎言。 （2024·广东·中考真题）People know animals do have feelings, but they are not sure if these feelings are correctly understood. In recent years, scientists have done research about the feelings of cows, frogs and pandas. ▲ It says that humans can tell whether a chicken is happy or sad by listening to its calls. The researchers put a bowl behind a door. Inside the bowl, sometimes, there was something chickens love to eat, such as rice or insects. Sometimes, there was nothing. When the chickens saw food behind the door, they seemed happy and produced fast and loud sounds, known as food calls. When there wasn’t food, the chickens made low and long noises to express disappointment. The researchers recorded all these sounds and studied their waves. Then the researchers chose 16 recordings of such chicken noises. Half were from the chickens seeing the food and half were from the chickens finding no food. The recordings were played to 194 volunteers. Sixty-nine percent of the volunteers correctly understood whether the chickens were feeling happy or not, and some of them even had no experience of taking care of chickens. The result shows that humans have the natural ability to understand the feelings of chickens. Hopefully, this finding can bring about new technology to help with chicken-raising, a big industry in many countries. Some scientists are already working on a smart computer program that can identify chickens’ feelings. This is good news for farmers who want to make the birds happier and healthier. 1．Which of the following can be put in “________” in Paragraph 1? A．Humans may not like animals. B．Scientists know nothing about it. C．Nobody knows why this happens. D．A new study adds chickens to the list. 2．Which is most probably the sound wave of a happy call by a chicken? A． B． C． D． 3．How did the volunteers help with the research? A．By listening to the chicken calls. B．By taking care of the chickens. C．By finding food for the chickens. D．By making the chickens happy. 4．What does the underlined word “identify” mean in Paragraph 4? A．Control. B．Hide. C．Recognize. D．Hurt. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．Chickens’ Food Calls B．Happy Chickens, Sad Chickens C．Farmers’ Best Choice D．Smart Farmers, Healthy Farmers （2023·广东·中考真题）Some animals can easily find their way home after a long journey. How do they make it? Scientific research shows that they are born with certain unusual abilities for direction. A certain kind of ants, for example, can count their steps to avoid getting lost. They can go as far as 110 metres and bring food home. These ants live in the open desert (沙漠), so they have nothing to guide them along the way. It’s like someone walking six kilometres through a dark forest. Some fish have an unbelievable sense of smell. They can smell even a single drop of their home water in a large sea area. Some sea birds have a similar ability. They are able to make a smell map of their flying area. Some animals can sense the earth’s magnetic field (磁场), while humans can’t. This magnetic field guides a certain kind of fish when they swim a long way to a place and then back. How can this kind of fish do that? It is still a mystery. Scientists have no good answers yet. However, animals with such unusual abilities still have difficulty dealing with environmental changes caused by human activities. For example, many birds depend on stars for direction, but they get lost easily at night when city lights are kept on all night. To solve this problem, we can simply turn off some lights at night. Clearly, one small act of humans may mean a lot to animals. 6．Where is this passage most probably from? A．A storybook. B．An art magazine. C．A guidebook. D．A science magazine. 7．How can a certain kind of ants find their way? A．By imagining the way. B．By counting their steps. C．By bringing food together D．By walking through a forest. 8．What does the underlined word “mystery” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Secret. B．Choice. C．Reason. D．Feeling. 9．What are people advised to do according to the last paragraph? A．To help animals. B．To travel at night. C．To keep city lights on. D．To develop unusual abilities. 10．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．Birds’ Sense of Light B．Fish’s Sense of Smell C．Animals’ Sense of Direction D．Animals’ Sense of Magnetic Field （2023·广东·中考真题） When it’s hot outside and we have to go out, surely we want to keep cool. We can put on hats, wear light clothing, or stay at a cool place. However, nothing can beat a good fan. Now I’ll show you how to make a good DIY (Do It Yourself) paper fan. What to prepare Please prepare two pieces of paper. All paper will work, but your DIY fan can be used for a long time with quality (优质的) paper. Then get glue, two sticks, etc. How to make a DIY fan The first step is to draw pictures on the paper. Just draw anything you like. The next step is to fold up (折叠) the paper. Then glue the two pieces of folded paper together. After that, paint the sticks. The final step is to glue the sticks onto the folded paper. And everything is done. If you look at your watch, you will be surprised: it takes less than 15 minutes to make a good paper fan. Then you can fold it up and drop it in your bag. When you are out in the heat next time, just take it out and enjoy the gentle wind. 11．Which is the best way to keep cool according to paragraph 1? A．Putting on hats. B．Using a good fan. C．Wearing light clothing. D．Staying at a cool place. 12．Why is quality paper a good choice to make a fan? A．It is light. B．It is colorful. C．It lasts long. D．It looks beautiful. 13．What is the second step of making a paper fan? A．Painting the sticks. B．Drawing pictures on the paper. C．Folding up the paper. D．Gluing the sticks onto the folded paper. 14．From the last paragraph, we can tell that making a paper fan is ________. A．quick B．difficult C．boring D．strange 15．What is the purpose of this passage? A．To sell paper fans. B．To show how to save time. C．To share a fun story. D．To teach how to make paper fans. （2021·广东·中考真题）According to a research more than 130 billion pounds of uneaten food go to waste in Laura’s country each year. That is about 30% of the yearly food supply (供应). It is a sad fact especially when you consider how many families and homeless people are in hunger. When Laura saw her school dining hall throw away food that was not eaten at all every day, she came up with an idea. She started a project to help her school dining hall to give away uneaten food to homeless shelters (庇护所) in her community. In the past three years, the same project has spread to other schools and some fast food restaurants throughout the city. The project is called Feed& find, and has already fed thousands of people in her city. How does it work? Through an app, Feed& Find matches local homeless shelters with school dining halls and restaurants that have uneaten food to provide. When dining halls or restaurants have uneaten food left, they can use the app to share the information about the food. A truck driver working for the project is then sent to pick it up and take it to a shelter. Pretty cool, right? It’s not surprising that people in other cities have got in touch with Laura hoping that she could have developed similar projects for their communities. Some people, however, have concerns about the safety of the uneaten food. They think such food may not be clean enough. Still, this project is a clever way to help solve the problem of food waste and it helps those in need. 16．The numbers in paragraph 1 tell us ________. A．some people are poor B．food waste is serious C．the population is large D．the research is interesting 17．Laura’s project first got food from ________. A．her school dining hall B．her family C．a fast food restaurant D．homeless shelter 18．People in other cities would like Laura to ________. A．find a truck driver B．visit their communities C．give away food to them D．help develop projects like hers 19．The underlined words “concerns” in this passage means ________. A．ways B．secrets C．worries D．decisions 20．Which can be the best title for this passage? A．A Dining Guide App B．A Food Sharing Project C．A Driving Service App D．A Food Safety Project （2021·广东·中考真题）Welcome to Manor Farm U-pick Activities. We are known for our delicious strawberries. We invite you to visit the farm and enjoy our fresh products and great farming experiences. We’ll try our best to create a safe open-air environment for our customers under the circumstances (情况) of COVID-19 this year. Please read the instructions below. To pick the strawberries, you need to make a reservation (预约) on our website. Reservations are open from 13:00 to 20:00 the day before the picking day. Please don’t come to the farm if you are sick. On the farm, you need to stay at least two meters away from anyone you don’t live with. For safety, you must use our new baskets only. A basket alone costs 5 yuan. It holds about 2kg of strawberries and a basket of strawberries is priced at 50 yuan in total. If children come, they MUST stay close to their parents. Running up and down the strawberry rows will NOT be allowed. Our workers will tell them where to start picking and the children should listen. We hope children will follow our safety rules in our fields. No pets are allowed on the farm. Any questions, please call us at 906-256-523. 21．If you go to the farm on August 8th, you can make a reservation at ________. A．10:00 on August 6th B．10:00 on August 7th C．14:00 on August 6th D．14:00 on August 7th 22．The farm provides new baskets ________. A．to cut down the cost B．to protect the environment C．to keep customers safe D．to carry more strawberries 23．On the farm, children are asked to ________. A．plant some strawberries B．run along the rows C．stay close to their parents D．look after their pets 24．For more information, you can ________. A．write an email B．make a phone call C．send a voice message D．watch news on TV 25．The instructions are most probably from ________. A．a farm owner B．a teacher C．a news reporter D．a customer （2020·广东·中考真题）Once there were many thousands of Gourma Desert (沙漠) elephants in Mali, a country in West Africa. Now, there are fewer than four hundred. Why did the number of the elephants drop so quickly? On the one hand, the elephants’ main lake, their only water source (来源), dried up. On the other hand, the land which the elephants lived on was overused by humans. To protect the elephants’ living environment, the Mali Elephant Project (MEP) was started in 2007. MEP met with local people and helped them make rules of using land and water. As a result, the situation became better and there was more food, forest and grassland. However, from 2012 to 2016, poaching (偷猎) and illegal trade in the elephants increased rapidly. Eighty-three elephants were lost in 2015 alone, and another fifty-one elephant were killed in 2016. “If this situation goes on, all the Gourma elephants will be killed by 2020,” said a member of MEP. Luckily, the voice of MEP was heard. More organizations (组织) have joined together to educate the local people that trading elephants is against the law. Elephant poaching has dropped to a very low level. The local people have learned to live peacefully with the elephants, one of the wildlife treasures in the world. 26．MEP was started to ________. A．raise more elephants in Mali B．stop the main lake from drying up C．discover water source for elephants D．protect the elephants’ living environment 27．What does the word “illegal” in Paragraph 4 mean in Chinese? A．公平的 B．亏损的 C．非法的 D．合理的 28．Eighty-three elephants were lost ________. A．in 2012 B．in 2015 C．in 2016 D．in 2020 29．We can learn from the last paragraph that ________. A．the number of organizations has dropped B．there is much less elephant poaching now C．the local people keep the elephants at home D．the whole world live peacefully with elephants 30．This passage is mainly about ________. A．the rules of using land and water B．the education of the local people C．the work of Mali Elephant Project D．the situation of Gourma Desert elephants （2020·广东·中考真题） It is necessary for students to learn some team skills like developing relationships, communicating well with others and solving problems. Here are two fun team activities. Activity 1: Water Relay (接力赛) Tools ● Two large buckets (水桶) to hold water ● One small bucket for each team member Instructions ● Fill one large bucket with water. ● Make holes in the bottom of the small buckets. ● Have the team members line up between the two large buckets. ● Pass the water from one large bucket to the other, using small buckets. Try to keep as much water as possible. Why It’s Fun ● It’s fun to workout away to lose as little water as possible. ● It’s water. Isn’t it fun to get you wet on a hot summer day? Activity 2: Truth and Lie This activity will allow team members to learn about each other. Instructions ● Have each team member think of three pieces of information about themselves, and one of them is a lie. ● Each team member tells the group all the three pieces of information. Let the other team members guess which is the lie. Why It’s Fun ● Students love talking about themselves and this gives them the chance to do so. ● Members can learn about each other. ● Members will be surprised at what others think of them. 31．How many team skills does the writer mention (提及) in Paragraph 1? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 32．What tools are needed for each team in Water Relay? A．One large bucket for each member. B．Two large buckets for each member. C．One small bucket for each member and two large buckets. D．Two small buckets for each member and one large bucket. 33．In order to win Water Relay, the team members should ________. A．get themselves wet B．lose as little water as possible C．pass the water as slowly as possible D．pass the large bucket to the other team 34．It is fun to play Truth and Lie because team members can ________. A．talk about themselves B．share love with each other C．tell lies to surprise others D．learn all the information about others 35．This passage is most probably from ________. A．a science book B．a travel guide C．a news website D．a school magazine （2024·广东梅州·二模）During the three-day New Year holiday, over 3 million tourists poured into Harbin. Many of them came from southern China where snow was nowhere to be found. Harbin locals gave these visitors a cute nickname “Nanfang xiaotudou” or “Southern potatoes”. It is because southern people are usually shorter and they look like small potatoes when wearing thick jackets and hats. To Harbin people, this name is not to make fun of southerners, but to create a sense of warmth with humor. Harbin tried everything to meet tourists’ needs, especially those from the south. Cooks carefully cut the local frozen pear into small pieces. Different kinds of concerts were held in shopping malls. A drone (无人机) lifted a man-made moon for tourists to take photos. Harbin really went all out to make them happy. However, even though they did all these to please the southern tourists, this nickname “Southern potatoes” sparked a heat discussion on the Internet. While Harbin locals use the name to show warmth and good will, some sightseers feel that calling them “small potatoes” is making fun of their height. Even though people from the Northeast are kind and warm-hearted, we have to realize that there is still some discrimination (歧视) in several parts of China. Nowadays, people travel all the time. Therefore, it’s important to make the world a more welcome place. After all, everyone likes kindness and dislikes discrimination, whether it’s on purpose or not. 36．Why do Harbin local s call southerners “Southern potatoes”? A．Because southerners like to eat small potatoes. B．Because southerners sell small potatoes in Harbin. C．Because Harbin locals want to make fun of southerners’ height. D．Because southerners look like small potatoes in thick jackets and hats. 37．What is the main idea of the second paragraph? A．Harbin cooks made some nice food for southern tourists. B．Southern travelers were very happy with Harbin tourism. C．Harbin tried their best to attract tourists and make them happy. D．Food, shopping malls, and the man-made moon attracted many tourists. 38．What does the underlined word “sparked” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Offered. B．Burned. C．Included. D．Caused. 39．How should we treat people from different places according to the last paragraph? A．We should be kind and welcome. B．We should not discriminate them on purpose. C．We should do everything to make them happy. D．We should treat them according to what they like. 40．What does the writer think of the nickname “Southern potatoes”? A．He think it’s funny. B．He thinks it’s unfair. C．He thinks it’s welcoming. D．He doesn’t express his own opinion. （2024·广东江门·二模） In September 2023, Luckin Coffee launched a partnership with Kweichou Moutai, selling the moutai-flavored latte for 19 yuan per cup, offering a 50% discount on the product. The collaboration (合作) between Moutai and Luckin Coffee has caught the attention of many people. They are curious to try the coffee mixed with the most famous Chinese liquor (白酒). “For young people, this is their first taste of Moutai baijiu; for middle-aged and older people, it’s their first cup of Luckin coffee,” wrote a Weibo user. According to Luckin, on the first day it was sold, September 4th, 5.42 million cups of this special coffee were sold, bringing in 100 million yuan in sales. “This creative collaboration lets Moutai make its brand younger.” Li Honghui, a marketing director for drinks said. “Through collaborations, brands can share what they need, make the market bigger, and bring more creative things to buyers.” added Li. In 2023, China’s collaboration market will grow to over 100 billion yuan and may reach 300 billion yuan by 2025．However, wrong collaborations may have undesirable results and even hurt brands. “The key to making a collaboration work is about how good the products are. The brands should not just pay attention to getting the public excited.” said Li. 41．How much does a cup of Moutai-flavored latte cost without a discount? A．19 yuan. B．38 yuan. C．50 yuan. D．100 yuan. 42．What can we know from Paragraph 2? A．Drinking Moutai is a tradition in China. B．Selling coffee can make plenty of money. C．The collaboration has made great success. D．Young people like the taste of Moutai baijiu. 43．What does the underlined word “undesirable” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Unwanted. B．Unfinished. C．Important. D．Impossible. 44．What can we learn from Li Honghui’s words? A．All brands should team up with each other. B．New products must get the public excited. C．Making good products is the key to success. D．All collaborations will bring a better market. 45．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．The Use of Moutai Liquor B．Brands Collaboration C．A New Flavor of Coffee D．A New Coffee Shop （2024·广东东莞·二模） Imagine you walk into your office, with the temperature just right. You sit down and a very valuable and meaningful day begins. This is the kind of smart office that engineers are trying to make. It uses technology to help workers perform their best at work. It can be bad for your health if you sit in front of a desk for too long. For example, it can cause pain in the back and the neck. Sanon, a company in Zhejiang, built UP7 to deal with this. As a smart lifting desk, UP7 can tell how long a user has been sitting in the chair. When it reaches the setting time, it will “tell” the user to stand up and walk around. It does this by either shaking the table or sending messages to the user’s phone. The company also invented a kind of smart chair to match with the table. “The chair is so comfortable. It can adjust its arms and height according to your body shape,” a user in Zhejiang said on Xiaohongshu. In smart offices, you probably won’t use paper notebooks. Instead, you can try electronic paper books to put your work online. N10 from Hanvon Technology in Beijing, is a new “notebook” like this. It uses a screen that doesn’t produce much light. Users write or draw with an electronic pen on the screen. “It is just like reading and writing on real paper,” a user said. “You can organize, search and save notes easily. You usually need several big paper notebooks to do what the electronic notebook does.” 46．What is the main idea of Paragraph 1? A．A smart office will make the work day longer. B．A smart office will offer more jobs to engineers. C．A smart office can help workers work at their best D．A smart office can check a person’s body temperature. 47．How does UP7 protect users’ bodies? A．By making calls to users. B．By stopping users from sitting for too long. C．By moving the chair to relax users’ bodies. D．By lifting the desk to stop users from working. 48．What does the underlined word “adjust” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Miss. B．Change. C．Depend. D．Repair. 49．Why is N10 better than a paper notebook? A．Because N10 has a big screen. B．Because N10 can provide light for people to read. C．Because N10 can read and write on its own. D．Because N10 can easily organize, search and save notes. 50．In which part of a newspaper may the passage come from? A．Popular Science.B．Social Behavior. C．Weather Conditions. D．Famous Inventors. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$