浙江省名校协作体2024-2025学年高三上学期开学联考英语试题词汇梳理清单

浙江省名校协作体试题词汇 A Culinary herbs草本植物 are fragrant芳香的 plants which are fit to适合 eat and used in small amounts to add flavor味道 to dishes. Most herbs are found in food and also have medicinal药用的 uses. There are four herbs for you. · Curry leaves The curry tree is native to原产于,是本地的 India and Sri Lanka. The leaves are dark green and shiny有光泽的, releasing(release)释放 a pleasant nut-like像坚果的 scent香味 when they are fried炸 in oil. They are a main component组成成分 of South Indian cuisine菜肴, used in the same way as bay leaves are in Western cuisines. · Shiso Shiso is a Japanese herb with a unique flavor, whose green leaves are often used as a garnish(装饰) for traditional Japanese dishes. Whether red or green,it can be used in various不同的 other ways: mixed into salads, put into green tea, or added to stir-fries炒菜. · Basil Basil has shiny, deep green, pointed leaves and a sweet-and-savory香甜可口的 flavor, which is used in both fresh and dried forms to flavor dishes ranging from Italian sauces to 从…到…meat dishes to Asian curries. When cooking, add it towards the end在最后加入 to maintain flavor保持风味. · Mint Mint has a delicately微妙的 sweet flavor and creates a distinct明显的,清晰的 cooling feeling due to由于 the menthol(薄荷醇) in the herb. Used for cooking and a variety of各种各样的 medicinal purposes, mint has soft bright green leaves that are commonly used in drinks like mint tea, as well as dishes like Vietnamese pho and Thai stir-fries. While dried mint is used in tea making泡茶, fresh mint is the preferred form首选形式 of the herb for cooking. 21.Which of the following statement about Curry leaves is true? C. They enjoy great popularity享有盛誉,很受欢迎 among Westerners. 23. Where is the text probably taken from? A. A biology textbook生物课本. B. An academic paper学术论文. C.A botanical magazine植物学杂志. D.A commercial poster商业海报. B I first saw the earth-the whole earth from the shuttle Challenger挑战者航天飞机 in 1984. The view takes your breath away 令你大吃一惊and fills you with childlike wonder好奇心. That's why every shuttle crew机组人员 has to clean nose-prints off把鼻印从…上清除 their spacecraft's windows several times a day. An incredibly beautiful tapestry (织锦) of blue and white, tan, black and green seems to glide beneath在…下面滑行 you at an elegant, stately庄严地 pace步伐. But you are actually going so fast that the entire map of the world spins旋转 before your eye with each 90-minute orbit公转. After just one or two laps一圈, you feel, maybe for the first time like a citizen of a planet. All the colors and patterns图案 you see—the visible evidence of the complex working of the natural systems that make our planet habitable适合居住的—seem both vast and precise精确的, powerful and yet somehow fragile脆弱的. You see volcanoes spewing喷出 smoke, hurricanes roiling搅动 the oceans and even fine tendrils 卷状物of Saharan dust reaching across the Atlantic跨越大西洋. You also see the big, gray smudges of fields田野, paddies稻田 and pastures牧场, and at night you marvel at惊叹于 the lights, like brilliant diamonds钻石, that reveal 展现出,揭示a mosaic马赛克图案 of cities, roads and coastlines—impressive signs of the hand of humanity. Scientists tell us that our hand is heavy, that we are wiping out of消灭 other species物种 at an unprecedented rate以前所未有的速度 and probably transforming改变 our climate. Will the immense巨大的 power of global systems withstand抵挡,承受 the impact of humanity? Or is it possible that our collective集体的,共同的 actions will change the nature性质 of our planet enough to cripple削弱 its ability to support life? I no longer believe that we can wait for all the scientific data needed to answer these questions conclusively结论性地. We must recognize immediately what it means to be citizens of this planet It means accepting the obligation义务,职责 to be the stewards管家,服务员 of the earth's life-giving capacities. As homeowners, we wouldn't neglect忽略 or damage our houses until they weren't fit to live in. Why would we do that with our planet? 24.What does the writer want to express in Paragraph 1? A. They feel scared flying in the out-space. C. They are awed by对…感到敬畏 the view of the earth. B. They are homesick想家的 in the space shuttle. D. They feel excited to explore the universe宇宙. 25. What's the main function of Paragraph 3? A. Setting the stage for further discussion.为进一步讨论做准备 B. Summarizing the main idea of the text.总结文章地主要思想 C.Providing data for the writer’s argument.为作者地论点提供数据 D.Introducing different ideas on human impact.就人类影响上介绍不同地观点 27. What is the best title of the text? A. Flying to the Future 飞向未来 B. Going Green with Our Earth充当地球的绿色达人/保护地球 C. A Glimpse of Home一瞥家园 D. My Experience as an Astronaut我当宇航员的经历 C Eating a plant-based以植物为基础的 diet has been shown to be very good for your heart and your overall整体的 health. In fact, a recent study found a young person could live an additional额外的 13 years by eating more vegetables and legumes (豆类), as well as whole grains谷物, fruit and nuts. Which makes the findings of a new analysis of the diets of nearly 400.000 UK adults published Monday in the journal杂志 Frontiers in Nutrition rather shocking: Eating veggies, especially cooked ones, doesn't reduce your risk of heart disease over time随着时间的推移. “Our large study did not find evidence for a protective effect保护作用 of vegetable intake蔬菜摄入量 on the occurrence发生 of CV(cardiovascular disease)," said Qi Feng, an epidemiologist at the University of Oxford, in a statement声明. While the study found eating raw生的 veggies could protect against heart disease, cooked vegetables did not. Any benefit went away消失, when researchers factored考虑到 in lifestyle factors因素 such as physical activity, educational level, smoking, drinking, fruit intake, red and processed加工过的 meat consumption消耗, and use of mineral矿物的 and vitamin维生素 supplements补充剂. “Instead, our analyses show that the seemingly似乎 protective effect of vegetable intake against CVD risk is very likely to be accounted for by由…产生 bias (偏差)…related to differences in socioeconomic situation and lifestyle,”Feng said. Don't start celebrating yet, veggie haters讨厌吃蔬菜的人. Experts in the UK and United States quickly took exception to the study's conclusion. “Although this study found that eating more vegetables wasn't associated with与…有关 a lower risk of heart and circulatory diseases once一旦 other lifestyle and other factors were taken into account被考虑在内, that doesn't mean we should stop eating vegetables," said Victoria Taylor, a senior dietitian高级营养师 at the British Heart Foundation, in a statement. “The results are not surprising. Picking out one single component and assuming假设 just adding it to the diet, e.g.vegetables, is not likely to result in导致,带来 the desired effect预期效果," Alice Lichtenstein, director and senior scientist at Tufts University's Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory, told CNN in an email. “One thing that has become clear over the past decade is we should not be looking at single foods or nutrients rather相反,反而,而是 the whole dietary pattern饮食模式,” said Lichtenstein. 28.What can we learn from the new study led by Feng? C.It overturned推翻 the conclusion of previous以前的 studies. 29. What did Feng imply暗示,表明,说明 about vegetables’ protective effect? A.It was totally made up编造 by some researchers. B. It still held true是正确的 despite(介词)尽管 some different findings. C.It could only be achieved by living a healthy lifestyle. D. It was a misconception误解 caused by differences in people 30. Which of following is closest in meaning to underlined phrase “'take exception to”? A. Voice objections to对…表示反对. B. Add details to将详细信息添加到 .... C.Display ignorance of显示对…的无知. D. Take notice of注意到. 31. What did Lichtenstein think of the study? A. It was groundbreaking具有开创性的. B. It was one-sided片面的. C.It would cause confusion引起混乱. D.It needed more evidence证据. D Many people have wondered why children believe in things like Santa Claus圣诞老人 or the Tooth Fairy牙仙, thinking that children's minds are easily fooled被愚弄, However, developmental psychology offers a different perspective观点. A study published in Developmental Psychology explores探讨 how children react to ideas that go against反对,违背 what they usually think and if they check核实 these ideas against what they expect期望. This way of checking, known as the“empirical stance经验主义立场," is evident明显的 by the time到…的时候 children reach elementary school. The study involved涉及 nearly 200 children aged 3 to 8 from Chinese schools. Each child was presented with被呈现 five differently-sized objects made from painted Russian dolls. The children naturally assumed认为 that the smallest doll was the lightest and the largest the heaviest. When asked to identify识别 the heaviest object, most children chose the largest one. An adult then either agreed with the children's choice or 要么…要么…made a claim声称 that the smallest doll was the heaviest. The researchers observed whether the children would change their minds or test验证 the adult's claim by comparing the weights重量 of the dolls Initially起初, children seemed to trust the adult's word, with only a small percentage比例 insisting on坚持 their original belief. However, when given the opportunity to explore the dolls, elementary school children who had received the surprising claim systematically tested it by comparing the smallest and largest dolls. This exploration allowed them to generate产生 evidence that could contradict与…相矛盾 the adult's claim. These findings suggest that while children are willing to trust an adult's surprising claims, their acceptance is temporary暂时的. By elementary school, they systematically test such claims by seeking new evidence, which they then use to update更新 their beliefs. The study's implications影响 extend beyond超出了 childhood. Most adults accept complex concepts概念, such as the existence of electrons, based on the testimony (证词) of others rather than personal experience. So while children may learn about the magic of Santa Claus from adults, adults might similarly同样地 have something to learn from elementary school children: most of us would do well to adopt an empirical stance more often than we currently目前,现在 do. 32. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The methodology方法论 of the study. C. The significance意义 of the study. B. The conclusion结论 of the study. D. The theoretical basis理论基础 of the study 33. Which child's response matches与..相匹配 the empirical stance? A. Taylor believes what the teacher says no matter what. B. Jordan thinks the earth is flat扁的 because his father says so. C.Emma assumes the watermelon is sweet and then tastes it. D. Maya suspects怀疑 there are monsters living in trees as the story says. 34.What lesson could adults learn from children? A. Rejecting complex concepts拒绝复杂的概念. B. Never trusting信任,相信 anyone. D.Counting on指望 others’ testimony. 35. What is the main purpose of the text? A. To highlight the importance of adult's role in children's education and growth. B. To advocate提倡 for a more empirical approach to belief formation across all ages所有年龄段. C. To clarify澄清 a misunderstanding about elementary school students’ learning ability. D. To persuade说服 adults to help children rid themselves of摆脱 wrong ideas about the world. 第二节：（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） Shame羞耻 has been called our “most dreaded可怕的 emotional experience.” We know the feeling only too well非常了解: Our pulse脉搏 quickens. 36.______ The feeling is so bad that we want to escape at all costs不惜一切代价. Here are some things you need to know about shame and some tips for how to feel less of it. Shame and guilt are different emotions. You feel guilty when you think you've done something wrong, but you feel shame when you believe that you are wrong. While guilt arises出现 when you have made a mistake and can fix改正 it, shame develops when you see yourself as把…看作 the mistake.37._______ Shame has warning signs警示信号. There are many signs that you are experiencing shame.38.______ And when someone brings up提出 something you feel ashamed about, you may look down and avoid eye contact and talk in a soft voice. 39.______ Shame can lead to high blood pressure, stomach problems, insomnia失眠, alcohol or drugs addiction酗酒或吸毒, and eating disorders饮食絮乱. One study determined that external外部的 shame—the fear that others are judging us negatively is associated with与..有关 anorexia厌食症, while internal内部的 shame our negative self-evaluation and self-generated criticism自我批评 is associated with bulimia暴食症. There is a cure for shame. When you have a caring有爱心的 person to share your shameful and otherwise painful stories with, you will be able to fully express yourself and finally release the old, stored, toxic有毒的 feelings that have been weighing you down压得你很沉重. 40._______ At the same time, you will stop seeing yourself as bad or wrong. The change you will feel is profound深远的. A. Our faces flush脸红. B. Our eyes light up. C.Shame can harm your physical health. D. Shame may make it harder for you to stay focused. E. Free of摆脱 those, you can shift改变 your beliefs about yourself. F. The critic批评家 inside your head tells you that you are a bad, worthless person. G. You avoid being the center of attention and wish you could shrink into the walls缩进墙里. 第Ⅱ卷 第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分30分） In June of 2019, I was staying at a fitness camp健身营 in Thailand. I had just done 2.5 hours of 4l.______, and as I went back to my room to shower and rest, I began to 42______. Thinking that it was probably from the intense 43._______, I brushed it off. But over the next few hours, things took a(n) 44.______ turn. I vomited violently and my breath was caught in my 45.________.Panic kicked in. I decided that I had to get some 46._______. Pulling myself up, I made my way to the 47._______ . My heart began to race as I walked downhill, bent over, 48._______, as my coughing started up again. Shuffling to the front desk, a Thai woman took one look at me and asked me what was wrong. My voice was raspy (沙哑的) as I tried to explain that I couldn't 49______. She was 50._______ on the phone, coordinating (协调) a car to get me to a hospital. Some other camp workers began to gather around to 5l.______ me. Soon, the car came to rush me to the hospital. The driver 52.______ me I was going somewhere 53._______ and that it would all be okay. Thanks to these kind people, I fully recovered in two weeks. It is hard to 54._______the fear at the time, as well as the relief and 55._____ that I felt when people came to my rescue. I don't know what would have happened without them. 41.A. fundraising B.homemaking C.songwriting D.kickboxing 42.A. ache B. cough C. cry D. recover 43.A. pressure B. workout C.exposure D.demand 44.A. bad B. wrong C. interesting D. sharp 45. A. throat B. stomach C.mouth D. head 46.A. comfort B. advice C. assistance D. guidance 47.A. clinic B. gym C.reception D. office 48.A.conscious B. dizzy C. hopeless D.thrilled 49.A. stay B. think C. breathe D. stand 50.A.reluctantly B. instantly C.excitedly D. painstakingly 51. A. check in on B. get back to C. reach out to D. catch up with 52. A. threatened B. reminded C.lectured D. assured 53. A. affordable B. beautiful C. peaceful D. trustworthy 54.A.imagine B. believe C. describe D. conclude 55. A. thankfulness B. nervousness C.eagerness D. happiness 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$