2024-2025学年人教版英语七年级上册 知识清单

2024-09-20
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七上讲义(人教) English Starter Unit1 Section A How do you greet people? ( 对话精讲Conversation ) A: B: A: B: A: B: A: Good morning. Good morning. What’s your name? I’m Peter Brown. How do you spell your name? P-E-T-E-R, Peter. B-R-O-W-N, Brown. Good bye! Bye! ( 知识清单Conversation ) ►►►Good morning! in the morning/afternoon/evening在早上/下午/晚上 at night在深夜 at noon在中午 ►►►I’m=I am 三是:am is are I用am, you用are, is跟着他她它(he,she,it) 单数is, 复数are ►►►Spell v.拼写 Spell it, please. =Please spell it. 请把它拼写出来。 How do you spell it, please? 它怎么拼? Can you spell it, please? 你会拼写吗?(Yes, I can.) ( 音标拼读 ) /ei / Aa Hh Jj Kk /ei / /eit∫ / /dʒei / /kei/ /i:/ Bb Cc Dd Ee Gg Pp Tt Vv Zz /bi:/ /si:/ /di:/ /i:/ /dʒi:/ /pi:/ /ti:/ /vi:/ /z i:/ (美) /ɑi/ Ii Yy /ɑi/ /wɑi / / əu/ Oo /əu/ / ju: / Uu Qq Ww /ju:/ /kju:/ /`dΛblju:/ /ɑ: / Rr /ɑ: / /e/ Ff Ll Mm Nn Ss Xx Zz /ef/ /el/ /em/ /en/ /es/ /eks/ /zed/(英) Starter Unit1 Section B How do you start a conversation? ( 对话精讲Conversation ) ( 知识清单Conversation ) ►►►Thank you.=Thanks. 答语:That’s OK./ All right. / You’re welcome. / Not at all. / It’s my pleasure. / Cheers. thanks for sth. 为…而感谢 thanks for doing sth. 为做了…而感谢 Thans for your help.=Thanks for helping me. ►►►How are you?你好吗? (询问对方的身体状况) 答语Fine/I'm fine/I'm OK/I'm very well, thanks. 出于礼貌还要用同样的问候语询问对方,可以说“And you?=How/What about you? 【拓展】 How is sb.? 某人怎么样? ►►►打招呼用语 Hi!/Hello! Good morning/afternoon/evening! How ae you? 回答 Hi!/Hello! Good morning/afternoon/evening! I’m fine, thanks! ►►►can情态动词 "能;会;可以"。其后须接动词原形,没有人称和数变化。 含有can的句子,变一般疑问句时,把can提前;变否定句时,在can后面加not。 Mary can sing. 玛丽会唱歌。 Can Lucy swim? 露西会游泳吗? I can’t play soccer. 我不会踢足球。 ►►►name名字 (名和姓首字母要大写) 1) 中国人姓+名。 Liu(姓) Yanzhong(名) last name first name 2) 西方人名+姓。 Gina(名) Smith(姓) first name last name ★first name=given name给的名 last name=family name家族姓 英美人还有中间的名字(middle name)放在名和姓中间。 ►►►一般现在时态中be动词的用法 1. 在一般现在时态中,be动词有三种形式:am, is, are。 2. be动词在一般现在时态中的各种句型 I am Helen. 【变否定句】 be后加not I am not Helen. 【变一般疑问句步骤】 Are you Helen? 一提(有be提be, 无be提情,无情求助) 二改(改人称:见I变you, 见my变your) 三问号 (句号变问号) 【特殊疑问句】wh疑问词+一般疑问句 What is your name? Starter Unit2 Section A What do you have? ( 对话精讲Conversation ) A: B: A: B: A: B: A: What do you have in your schoolbag? I have an eraser. What colour is it? It’s orange. What do you have in your schoolbag? I have two pencils. What colour are they? They are brown. ( 知识清单Conversation ) ►►►What color is it? (color为美式,英式为colour) What color + is+单数物品? -It’s +表示颜色的形容词. What color+are+复数物品? -They are+表示颜色的形容词 What's the color of..?=What color is..? What color is the cup?=What's the color of the cup? 【颜色小知识】 1)颜色可做形容词,“…的” My bike is red. 2)颜色可做名词(不可数) I like red. 3)一些颜色的词表示英美人的姓氏(首字母大写) Miss Green格林小姐 ★orange可做形容词(橙色的),可数名词(橙子),不可数名词(橙汁/橙色) ►►►orange 1)可数名词,意为"橙子"。 I like oranges. 我喜欢橙子。 2)不可数名词,意为"橙汁"。 I like orange.我喜欢橙汁。 3)形容词,意为"橙色的"。 My cup is orange. 我的杯子是橙色的。 ►►►冠词 定义:不能独立使用,通常放在名词的前面 分类:不定冠词a/an;定冠词the;零冠词。 【不定冠词a/an】 用在单数名词前,表示“一个,一件……” (1)a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前 a book a university a useful pen a UFO (2)an用在以元音音素开头的单词前 an apple an hour an 8-year-old girl an orange an honest man an English book an MP3 an uncle an aunt 【定冠词the】 定冠词the用在单数或者复数名词前。the没有具体意思,有时翻译为“这、那、这些、那些”。 1)表示再次提到前面谈过的人或事物。 This is a stamp. The stamp is beautiful. 2)用于固定词组 in the morning/ afternoon/evening ★可数名词单数前必有限定词(有且只有一个) ①a/an/the ②this/that ③my/your/his…某人的 ( 音标拼读 ) 开音节 开音节词:辅音+元音+辅音+不发音的e lake like code cute /leɪk/ /laɪk/ /kəʊd/ /kjuːt/ Starter Unit2 Section B Where do you put your things? ( 对话精讲Conversation ) ( 知识清单Conversation ) ►►►方位介词 1. on 在……上(表面上) 2. in 在……里面 (内部) 3. under 在……下 (两个物体并不接触) 4. behind 在…的后面 5. next to/beside 紧挨着、在某物的旁边 6.near 在…附近 7. between A and B 在A和B两者之间 8.at the back of… 在…的后面 【易错】 1)in front of在…前面 ; The boy is in front of the car.男孩在车的前面。 in the front of在…内部的前面 There is a boy in the front of the car. 车的前座坐着一个小男孩。(车内) 2)in the tree 外来物品 A cat is in the tree. on the tree 树本身的 There are many apples on the tree. ►►►need v.需要 1)need to do sth.需要做某事 I need to take it back to the store after school. 2)need sth. for sth.为…需要… I need a sweater for school. 我需要为上学买件毛衣。 ►►►keep v.(使)保持;保留 1)keep+ adj.保持…状态 keep tidy 保持整洁 2)keep+n.+adj. Keep the room clean. 3)keep (sb) doing sth 一直做某事 After he gets home, he keeps studying. ►►►find v.发现;找到 1)find+it+adj.+to do sth. (it形式宾语) Wang Dan found it important to learn math well. 2)find + 宾语 + 宾补 “发现.......怎么样” He found English very easy. 3)find sb. doing sth. “发现某人在干某事” Yesterday I found a boy playing in the park. 4)find + 从句 “发现......” Starter Unit3 Section A What is fun in a yard? ( 对话精讲Conversation ) A: B: A: B: A: B: What’s that? It’s a cat. What are these? They’re carrot plants. How many baby chickens can you see? I can see eleven baby chicken. ( 知识清单Conversation ) ►►►指示代词 近指单数用this,近指复数用these; 远指单数用that,远指复数用those。 答句用it指代问句中的this和that;用they指代问句中的these和those。 -What is that? -It is an English book. -What are these in English? -They are rulers. (1)介绍某人时,用this或that,而不用he或she。 (2)打电话时,说自己是谁用This is...,问别人是谁用Who’s that?。 ►Hello! This is Mary. Who’ s that? 喂!我是玛丽。您是哪位? 【注意】this is没有缩写形式,而that is可缩写为that’s;these are与those are也没有缩写形式。 ►►►基数词 zero, one, two, three...这样表示数量的词叫基数词。 用法 1.计数 2.编号:Class Five, Grade Seven(首字母大写) 3.电话号码:87665023 (连续两个6可以读作double 6,数字0可以读作字母O) 4.时间 5.用于数字运算 ★-What is one and two?一加一是多少? -It’s three.三 One and two is three. ( 音标拼读 ) 闭音节 闭音节词:辅音+元音+辅音 cat pet pig dog cut /cæt/ /pet/ /pɪg/ /dɒg/ /cʌt/ Starter Unit3 Section B What is fun on a farm? ( 阅读拓展Conversation ) ( 知识清单Conversation ) ►►►kind 1)n. 种类 a kind of 一种 this kind of 这种 all kinds of 各种各样的 different kinds of 不同种类的 2)adj. 友好的,和蔼的 =friendly 【短语】 kind of =a little= a bit “有点儿” 后接形容词表程度 ►►►another 1)another+单数名词 (再一个;又一个的) another apple/day 2)another+数字+名词复数 (再几个) =数字+more+名词复数 another five minutes=five more minutes 3)one after another 接连不断,先后,相继 4)one another=each other 相互 ►►►名词 种类:可数名词和不可数名词 ►►►可数名词单数变复数 1)规则变化 1)一般情况, 词尾加-s book→books; boy→boys 2)以s, x, sh, ch结尾的词,词尾加-es box→boxes; watch→watches; bus→buses 3)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词,变y为i,再加-es strawberry→strawberries; family→families; dictionary→dictionaries 4)以字母o结尾的词,有生命的在词尾加-es, tomato→tomatoes; potato→potatoes; hero(英雄)→heroes 以字母o结尾的词,没有生命的在词尾加-s radio→radios; photo→photos; piano→pianos 5)以f(e)结尾的词,变f(e)为v,再加-es knife-knives; leaf(树叶)-leaves; wife→wives 2)不规则变化 oo变ee foot-feet; tooth-teeth man变men man-men; woman-women; poleman-policemen; Frenchman-Frenchmen 【特殊】German-Germans德国人 其他变化 chi1d-children, mouse-mice 3)单复同形 Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese, sheep-sheep, deer-deer 4)常以复数形式出现 people(人们), clothes(衣服), trousers, pants, shoes 5)单数表复数 有些名词常用单数形式表示复数概念police 6)复合名词的单复数 a boy student---two boy students a woman doctor---two women doctors ►►►不可数名词 1)常见的不可数名词: music, time, work, homework, housework, tea, milk, water, meat, chicken, bread等 2)不可数名词一般没有复数形式,说明其数量时,要用量词。 基数词或冠词+量词+of+不可数名词 a glass/two glasses of milk a piece/three pieces of bread 【注意】 不可数名词作主语或其前的量词是单数时,谓语动词用单数形式; 不可数名词前的量词是复数时,谓语动词用复数形式。 The rice is nice, and I want to buy some. A bag of rice is on the table. ►►►既可作可数名词,也可作不可数名词的名词 1)food和fruit一般为不可数名词,作可数名词时,强调种类 all kinds of foods;different kinds of fruits 2)ice-cream和salad一般为不可数名词,作可数名词时,表份数,通常无复数形式 a salad, an ice cream 3)意思不同 chicken(s)(小鸡) chicken(鸡肉) orange(s)橘子 oranges(橙汁) fish(es)(鱼) fish(鱼肉) Unit 1 Section A How do we get to know each other? ( 对话精讲Conversation ) Listen to the conversation and circle the words you hear. ( 知识清单Conversation ) ►►►make 1)v. 制造,做 make/be friends with “与......交朋友” make a mistake/mistakes “犯错” Make friends with your new classmates. 跟你的新同学交朋友吧! 2)v. 使得 make sb. +adj. 让某人… make sb. do 使某人做某事 ►►►meet v. 遇见,遇到,满足 Nice to meet you. 见到你很高兴。 ►►►spell v. 拼写 spell the/this word拼写这个单词 Can you spell your name? 你能拼写你的名字吗? How do you spell your name? 怎么拼写你的名字? ►►►I am in Class 1. 班级的表达方式: Class 2, Grade 7七年级二班 1)先写小单位class,再写大单位grade; 2)当grade,class和数字连用时,为专有名词,首字母需大写 ►►►full adj. 满的,充满的,完全的 1)adj.满的 be full of=be filled with(被动) The cup is full of water. 2)adj.饱的 After a big meal, I’m full. full-time job 全职工作 part-time job兼职工作 ►►►full name 全名 last name= family name 姓 first name= given name 名(取的名) My full name is Peter Green. My family is Green and my first name is Peter. 我的全名是彼特格林。格林是我的姓,彼特是我的名。 ►►►be from 来自… = come from 同义句 一般疑问句 特殊疑问句 He is from Chongqing. Is he from Chongqing? Where is he from? =He comes from Chongqing. Does he come from Chongqing? Where does he come from? ►►►this is… “这是…” 介绍他人时使用 This is my mother. “这是我的妈妈。” This is my teacher. “这是我的老师。” *注意:this is不能缩写成this’s ►►►My mistake. “我的错。” mistake n. 错误 a mistake 一个错误 two mistakes两个错误 I always make mistakes.我总是犯错误。 ►►►名词所有格 【用法】名词后面+’s,表示”… 的” Mike’s mother “麦克的妈妈” Tom’s teacher “汤姆的老师” the students’ teacher “这些学生的老师” (*名词结尾有s时,只需要+’即可) *要表示“共有的”,在最后一个名词后+’s Mike and Tom’s teahcer “麦克和汤姆的老师(共有的)” Mike’s and Tom’s teahcers “麦克和汤姆各自的老师” ►►►be动词 be是一个动词,表示“存在,状态,是”,在句子中起连接主语和表语的作用。 【用法】 1)be动词在一般现在时中有三种形式:am, is, are am/is/are 的选择:由主语决定 口诀:我用am,你用are,is跟随他她它;单数is复数are;不可数名词用is I am Mary. You are my friend. He is good. This is my sister. They are my friends. The water is clean. “这水是干净的。” 【缩写】 I am = I’m you are = you’re 你是 she/he/it is = she’s/he’s/it’s 他/她/它是 we are = we’re 我们是 you are = you’re 你们是 they are = they’re 他们/她们/它们是 ►►►same adj.相同的 【观察】 These baseballs are the same. 这些棒球是一样的。 They are in the same school. 他们在同一所学校。 same前一般加定冠词the,其后的名词用单数形式 the same as 与...相同 【拓展】 different adj.不同的 be different from 与...不同 ►►►both conj. both…and… Both my father and my mother are teachers. pron.两者 Both of my parents are teachers. =Both my parents are teachers. adj.双方的 +n.复数 Both the answers are wrong. 【位置】 both作同位语时,位于实前be助情后。 We are both happy. We both want to see the movie. Unit 1 Section B What do we need to know about a new friend? ( 阅读拓展Conversation ) ( 知识清单Conversation ) ►►►need v. 需要 1)need sb./ sth. 需要某人/某物 2)need to do sth. 需要做某事 I need to talk with you. 3)need sb. to do sth. 需要某人做某事 Our school needs teachers to teach music. ►►►know about 了解 I need to know about you. 我需要了解你。 * about 是介词,介词后面+人称代词宾格 I need to know about them. 我需要了解他们。 ►►►live 1)v. 居住 live in+地点 The old man lives in Chongqing for 70 years. 2)v. 生活 live a happy/healthy life live on sth. 靠吃…为生 make a living by…“靠…为生 ►►►with prep. 1)“用……”表示使用工具,手段等。 We can walk with our legs and feet. 我们用腿脚行走。 2)“和……在一起”,表示伴随。 Can you go to a movie with me? 你能和我一起去看电影吗? 3)“带有,具有”。 He’s a tall kid with short hair. 他是个长着一头短发的高个子小孩。 4)“随着,与……同时”。 He came into the classroom with some books. ►►►speak 1)vt.说 (多接语言) speak English/Japanese/Chinese说英语/日语/汉语 2)vi.不强说的内容 speak to sb.对某人说话 Can I speak to Tom? 【辨析】 1)talk vi. “说话,交谈”多做 talk to/with sb.与某人交谈 talk about sth.谈论某事 2)say vt.“说话”强调说的内容 say to sb.+“…”对某人说“…” say sth.(加说话的内容) 3)tell v.告诉,讲述” tell sb. sth.=tell sth. to sb.告诉某人某事 tell sb. (not) to do sth.告诉某人(不)去做某事 tell a story/tell stories讲故事 tell jokes讲笑话 ►►►favorite(也写作 favourite.) 1)adj.最喜欢的=like ...best What's her favorite subject? =What subject does she like best? 她最喜欢什么科目? My favorite sport is English. 答语用“One's favorite+名词+be.” 2)n.最喜欢的人或物 This pair of shoes is my favorite. 这双鞋是我最喜欢的。 【注意】favorite本身就表示“最喜欢的”,所以其前不需要加very或 most修饰。 ►►►want v.要;想要 1)want sth.想要某物 I want a cake for my birthday 2)want to do sth. 想要做某事 I want to join the swimming club. 3)want sb.to do sth.想要某人做某事 His mother wants him to have healthy eating habits. ►►►play v.玩,打(球),游戏,播放 1)play with sth. /sb.和…… 一起玩” 2)play a joke on sb. 开某人的玩笑 3)play the piano 弹钢琴 4)play+球/棋/牌 ►►►would like 1)would like sth.想要某物 —Would you like some milk? 你想要一些牛奶吗? —Yes, please./—No, thanks. 2) would like to do sth.想要做某事 =want to do sth.想要做某事 —Would you like to play basketball with us? —Yes,I'd like to./—I'd like to.But I'm too busy. Unit 2 Section A What is your family like? ( 对话精讲Conversation ) ( 知识清单Conversation ) ►►►mean v.意思是,意指 adj.刻薄的 mean to do sth. 打算做某事 mean doing sth. 意味着做某事 be mean to sb.对某人不善良/刻薄 【拓展】 meaning n.意思,意义 meaningful adj.有意义的 meaningless adj. 毫无意义的 ►►►like 1) v. 喜欢,喜爱 <反义>dislike v .不喜欢 like to do.喜欢做某事 (表示某一次的行为倾向) Like doing 喜欢做某事 (表示一种习惯或者爱好) Usually I like doing my homework after supper, but today I like to watch TV. would like to do sth. 想做…… 2)prep介词,像;与…相似 <反义>unlike prep. “不像” look like看起来像…… sound like 听起来像 【句型】 1)What does sb. like? 询问某人的爱好 2)What does sb. look like? 询问某人的外貌 3)What is sb. like? 询问某人的性格 ►►►whose pron.谁的 1)常作疑问代词,对所有格提问。 The book is Tom’s. (对划线部分提问) Whose is the book?=Whose book is this? 2)作关系代词,引导定语从句。 The boy whose hair is red studies in the USA. ►►►together adv.一起,共同 1)get together to do sth. 聚在一起(做某事) 2)A together with B “连同 B 在一起 ”,介词短语,就远原则 The boy , together with his parents, is watching TV now . *此类用法还有 with, along with, as well as, like, including, except, besides等。 3)do sth. together “一起做某事” Do you often play ping-pong together? ►►►love 1)v. 喜爱 love sb./sth.喜欢某物/某人 love to do/doing喜欢做某事 (to do表示某一次的行为倾向, doing表示一种习惯或者爱好) 2)n. 爱(不可数) my mother’s love ►►►spend v.花费(时间、钱等)… 其主语通常是人 1)sb.spend +(时间/钱)+on sth 某人在…上花费时间/钱 He spent fifty dollars on these books. 2)sb.spend +时间/钱+ doing sth.某人花费时间/金钱做某事 I spent two days reading the book. 【四朵金“花”】 ◆take It takes sb.+时间+to do sth.“花时间做某事” ◆pay sb. pay+钱 for sth.“某人付钱买某物” ◆cost sth. cost sb.+钱“某物花了某人多少钱” ►►►lot 1)lots of=a lot of “很多” +可数名词复数/不可数名词 lots of presents lots of help 2)v.+a lot ①非常 Thanks a lot.=Thanks very much ②很多 He talks a lot about his family. ►►► good& well 1)good adj.好的 (作表语或定语,修饰名词) He is a good teacher. That sounds good. 2)well ①adv.好(修饰动词) He plays basketball very well. ②adj. =healthy健康的 I feel well.我感觉好 I am well.我身体好 ►►►make 1)v. 制作,制造 make sth. for sb.为某人制作某物 make a cake for me 2)v.使,让,成为 ①make sb.do sth.(省略to的动词不定式作宾补) His story made us laugh. ②make sb.+adj.(形容词作宾补) The good news makes us happy. ③make sb.+n.(名词作宾补) His mother makes him a great man. ►►►look 1)系动词,“看起来”,后接形容词作表语。 You look very healthy.你看上去很健康。 2)不及物动词,“看”,强调看的动作。后接宾语时,要与介词at连用。 Look at me, please. ►►►laugh n.& v. 笑,大笑;嘲笑 laugh at sb. 嘲笑某人 ►►►different adj.不同的 <反义:same> 1)different+名词复数 different names /places /feelings 2)be different from与…不同 <反义:the same as与…一样> My bag is different from hers. =My bag is not the same as hers. 【词性拓展】 differently adv.不同地 My classmates go to school differently. ►►►have fun 玩得开心 = have a good time = enjoy yourself have fun doing sth. 做某事很开心 Unit 2 Section B What do you like about your family? ( 阅读拓展Conversation ) ( 知识清单Conversation ) ►►►Here is/are… 这里有;这里是 1)here be句型和there be一样,要遵循就近原则 Here is a photo of my family. Here are your socks and coat. 2)here be为倒装句 Here comes Mr.Cao. (Mr.Cao为主语) *名倒代不倒:当主语为代词时,不用倒装。 Here he comes. ►►►left 1)adv. 向左边 (反义词right) turn left/right向左/右转 2)n. 左边 on the left/right在左边/右边 ►►►read v.读书,阅读 Reading books is the ladders of progress. 【辨析】看 watch 强调“专注地看”,常用语看电视,看球赛 I often watch TV at night? 我经常晚上看电视。 look 强调“看”的动作,后接宾语时鲳鱼at连用 Look, there is a bridge over the river. 看,河上有一座桥。 see 强调看的结果,意为“看到,看见” How many birds can you see in the tree? 你能看到树上有几只鸟? read “阅读”,常用于看书、看报等 Have you read this book? 你读过这本书吗? ►►►same adj. 相同的 the same as 与...相同 These baseballs are the same. 这些棒球是一样的。 They are in the same school. 他们在同一所学校。 【注意】 same前一般加定冠词the,其后的名词用单数形式 【拓展】 different adj.不同的 be different from 与...不同 ►►►next to 紧挨着 Our classroom is next to theirs. 我们的教师紧挨着他们的。 ►►►each other互相 = one another We always help each other. 我们总是相互帮助。 Unit 3 Section A What is your school like? ( 对话精讲Conversation ) ( 知识清单Conversation ) ►►►another 1)adj. (三者或三者以上中的)另一个/些 We need another computer. We need another five hours. 2)pron. 同类事物中三者或者三者以上中的“另一个”,代替可数名词单数 I don't like this shirt. Please show me another. 3)one another=each other 相互 【区别】 other+复数名词=others other friends/students/places one…the other 一个,另外一个 (数量=2) ►►►put up 张贴,举起 If you want to answer the question, you can put up your hand. 如果你想要回答问题,你可以举手。 【拓展】 put in 放入 put on穿上 put up 举起、张贴、搭建 put away放好、储存 put down放下 put off 推迟 ►►►famous adj.著名的,出名的= well-known 1)be famous for 因为……而出名_ China is famous for its long history.中国因其悠久的历史而闻名。 2)be famous as 作为……而出名 Tu Youyou is famous as a great scientist.屠呦呦作为一名伟大的科学家而出名。 3)be famous to为……所熟知 Mickey Mouse is famous to the children around the world.米老鼠为全世界的孩子所熟知。 ►►►in the wall 在墙上(里面) on the wall “在墙上(表面)ℽ A picture of my family is on the wall. 我的一张全家福在墙上。 There is a smart whiteboard in the wall. 墙上有一块智能白板。 ►►► corner cn. 拐角、角落 1)in the corner of …在某物内部的角落 in the corner of the classroom 在教室的角落 2)at the corner of …在某物外围的拐角处 at the corner of the street 在街道拐角处 3)on the corner of …在一个平面的四角 on the left corner of the table 在桌面左上方 Unit 3 Section B What fun things do you do at school? ( 阅读拓展Conversation ) ( 知识清单Conversation ) ►►►different adj.不同的 <反义:same> 1)different+名复 different names /places /feelings 2)be different from与…不同 <反义:the same as与…一样> My bag is different from hers. =My bag is not the same as hers. 【词性拓展】 differently adv.不同地 My classmates go to school differently. ►►►thank v.感谢,致谢,道谢 n.感谢,谢意 1)thank sb. for sth.= thanks for sth. 因…而感谢某人 2)thank sb. for doing sth.= thanks for doing sth. 因做…而感谢某人 3)thank you的回答: You’re welcome./That’s all right./That’s OK./Don’t mention it./ Not at all./No problem./ My pleasure. /It’s a pleasure . ►►►answer 1) n.回答,答复,回信,答案 the answer to the question问题的答案 answer the phone接电话 2) v.回答,答复,回信,(做出)答案 answer the question回答问题 ►►►exercise 1)cn. 练习/一套动作 do some math exercises 做数学题 do eye/morning exercises 做眼保健操,做早操 2)un. 锻炼,运动 To keep healthy, you should do some exercise. 3)vi. 锻炼 Tom exercises every morning.(exercise用做动词) =Tom does some exercise every mormning. (exercise用作名词) ►►►raise 1)v. 提高;举起;募集;抚养(为及物动词,后需接宾语) raise one’s voice raise one’s hand raise money raise children 2)n. 加薪,提薪 He has asked for a raise. 【辨析】 raise vt. 举起,提升 及物动词,后接宾语 rise vi. 升起,增加,提高了 不及物动词,后无宾语 ►►►change 1)v.改变 change A into B=turn A into B 把A变成B 2)cn.改变 There's been a change of plan. 3)un.零钱 keep the change 不用找零了 ►►►kind 1)n. 种类 a kind of 一种 this kind of 这种 all kinds of 各种各样的 different kinds of 不同种类的 2)adj. 友好的,和蔼的 =friendly 【短语】 kind of =a little= a bit “有点儿” 后接形容词表程度 ►►►What about...? ……怎么样? 询问对方的看法或意见 What about this movie? 这部电影怎么样? 向对方提出请求或建议 What about a cup of coffee? 来杯咖啡怎么样? 寒暄时作承接上下文的转折语 I am fine. What about you? 我很好。你呢? What about... ?=How about... ? What about drinking tea? =How about drinking tea? ►►►be similar to 与…相似 His ideas are similar to mine. 【扩展】 be similar in 在…方面相似 The two houses are similar in size. ►►►sound (v. ) 1)连系动词:听起来 sound+名词/形容词 (构成主系表结构) Your idea sounds great. 你的想法听起来很不错。 【拓展】常见的连系动词 be动词(am,is, are) 感官动词(look 看起来, feel 摸起来,taste 吃起来,smell 闻起来) 表变化的词(get,become,turn,go, come) seem 2)名词:声音 (自然界的各种声音) Sound travels slower than light. 声音传播比光慢。 ►►►interesting&interested adj. interesting(有趣的)多用来修饰物 interested(感兴趣的)其主语一般是人 be interested in…对……感兴趣 【形容词】 形容词用于描述人或事物所具有的特征、个性、品质等。如:interesting,fun,boring,difficult,nice等。 形容词可以作定语修饰名词,也可以放在系动词后作表语。 I have a good book. I am good. 部分形容词有-ing和-ed两种形式,表示的意义不同。 -ing形式通常指事物本身的性质,意为"令人感到……的" -ed形式通常指人的感受,意为"感到……的"。 【拓展】 boring无聊的 bored感到无聊的 exciting令人兴奋的 excited感兴奋的 relaxing令人放松的 relaxed感到放松的 surprising令人吃惊的 surprised感到吃惊的 moving令人感到动的;感人的 moved感动的 ►►►方位介词 1)on 在……上(表面上) 2)in 在……里面(内部) 3)under 在……下(两个物体并不接触) 4)behind 在…的后面 5)next to/beside 紧挨着、在某物的旁边 6)near 在…附近 7)between A and B 在A和B两者之间 【易错】 1)in front of在…前面 ; The boy is in front of the car.男孩在车的前面。 in the front of在…内部的前面 There is a boy in the front of the car. 车的前座坐着一个小男孩。(车内) 2)in the tree 外来物品 A cat is in the tree. on the tree 树本身的 There are many apples on the tree. 3)in, on, to in “表示在事物环境范围内” Shanghai is in the east of China.(上海在中国范围之内,用in) on”指与事物毗邻” Korea is on the northeast of China.(朝鲜和中国毗邻,用on) to”指在事物环境范围之外” Japan lies to the east of China.(日本位于中国范围之外,用to) ►►►There be句型 I 概念:表示某地有某人或某物。 II.句型结构: There be (is\ are) +名词+介词短语。 III. 考点 1. There be句型中be动词遵循就近原则。 2. 句型转换 1)一般疑问句把be动词提前, 肯定回答Yes, there is/are. 否定回答No, there isn’t/aren’t. 2)否定句在be动词后加上not. 3)特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句 3. have/has, there be区别 There be sb./sth.+地点(强调的是存在的位置关系) Sb./Sth. have/has +n.(强调的是归属/拥有的关系) Unit 4 Section A What do you like this subject? ( 对话精讲Conversation ) ( 知识清单Conversation ) ►►►useful adj.有用的 be useful to sb.对某人有用 be useful for doing sth.对做某事有帮助 a useful book 一本有用的书(以辅音音素开头) Don't drop English. It's very useful.不要放弃英语。它非常有用。 【词性转换】 反义词:useless意为“无用的” 副词:usefully有用地,修饰动词 动词:use v.使用 【拓展】 useful是use+后缀-ful构成,类似的词: help-helpful有帮助的 color→colorful颜色鲜艳的 thank→thankful感激的 hope→hopeful有希望的 care→careful小心的 beauty→beautiful美丽的 ►►►exciting adj.使人兴奋的;令人激动的 What exciting news it is!多么令人激动的消息啊! 【区分】 exciting“使人兴奋的”,作表语时,主语通常是物,强调事物所拥有的特征 excited“兴奋的”,常作表语,主语通常是人,强调人的情绪 I'm excited at the exciting news.这个令人兴奋的消息令我感到兴奋。 【拓展】 boring无聊的 bored感到无聊的 interesting 有趣的 interested感到有趣的 relaxing令人放松的 relaxed感到放松的 surprising令人吃惊的 surprised感到吃惊的 moving令人感到动的;感人的 moved感动的 ►►►learn v.学习;学会 1)learn sth. 学习某物 learn English 2)learn to do sth 学着做某事 I want to learn to play the piano. 3)lean from 从…中学习 If we always learn from others, we can be better. 3)learn about “了解,得知” 4)learn by oneself=teach oneself“自学” 【辨析】 learn:侧重学到,学会(强调结果) study:侧重学习过程;还可表“研究” ►►►past n.过去,昔日 adv.过 prep.过…… ,走过某处 【用法】 1)in the past few weeks “过去几周以来” (用于现在完成时) 2)in the past在过去(用于过去时) 3)half past seven 七点半 4)go/walk past=pass 经过 ►►►good adj.好的,优良的;有益的 【辨析】 1)be good at (doing) sth.= do well in (doing) sth. 擅长做某事 My parents are good at playing the piano. 2)be good for sb./sth.对…有好处 (反义be bad for sb./sth.) Playing computer games is bad for our eyes. 3)be good with sb.善于应付…;和某人相处很好=get along well with sb. Our head teacher is good with us. 4)be good to sb. 对某人友好=be friendly/nice/kind to sb. My friends are good to me when I am ill. ►►►help 1)un.帮助 ask for help寻求帮助 with one's help在某人的帮助下 2)v.帮助 help sb. do sth.=help sb. to do sth.帮助某人做某事 I often help my mother to do housework. help sb. with sth.在某方面帮助某人 I help her with English. ►►►listen 【辨析】 1) listen vi. 听;倾听(强调听的动作和过程) 后接宾语时应加介词to。 listen to sb/sth Listen to me carefully! 2)hear vt.听见;听到(强调听的结果) Can you hear the song? ►►►remember v.记住;记起 remember to do sth 记得去做某事(未做) (否定remember not to do) remember doing sth 记得做过某事(已做) 【拓展】 forget to do sth忘记去做某事(未做) forget doing sth忘记做过某事(未做) Unit 4 Section B What can you learn from different subject? ( 阅读拓展Conversation ) ( 知识清单Conversation ) ►►►French 1)n. 法语 in French用法语 speak French说法语 2)adj. 法国的,法国人的,法语的 a Frenchman(复数) two Frenchmen 【拓展】France n.法国 Some Frenchmen are speaking French. They are leaving France for China. ►►►future n. 未来 in the future在未来 Robots will be able to make cakes in the future. in the past在过去 ►►►work 名词(n.) “工作,劳动,事情” (P48 1b) 动词(v.) “工作,(机器、器官等)运转,活动” 【用法】 (1). work hard = be hard-working “努力工作” (2). work on “致力于” (3). work for “为......效力” (4). work out “解决;算出” (动副短语 e.g. work it out 代词放中间) ►►►work 1)un. 工作 at work在上班 go to work 去上班 2)vi. 工作 work at/in sp.在某地工作 work hard 努力 work on 致力于 work for 为......效力 ►►►life 1)un. 生活 Sometimes, life is hard(艰难的). have a happy/healthy life (抽象名词具体化) 2)cn. 生命 (复数lives) Cats has nine lives. save one's life拯救某人的生命 ►►►连词 and, but 和 because 的用法 一,连词是一种虚词,它不能独立充当句子成分,只能起连接词与词、短语与短语或句子与句子的作用。连词主要分为并列连词和从属连词。 I. 并列连词:表示单词、短语或句子间有并列关系的连词。 and 并列关系 和,又,及 It's healthy for the mind and the body. She is of medium height, and she has long hair. 祈使句+and+将来时态的句子 Smile to the world, and the world will smile back to you. but 转折关系 但是,可是 I asked him to come here, but he refused. The girl is beautiful but impolite. Ⅱ. 从属连词(引导从句) because 引导原因状 语从句 because用来回答why的问题,语气最强,一般放在主句之后 He was absent because he was ill. ►►►时间介词 in , on , at 1)月、季、年前,以及泛指的早上、下午、晚上等时间前介词用in in 2006 在2006年 in February 在二月 in spring 在春天 in the morning/afternoon/evening 2)具体某一天或具体某一天的早中晚前,介词用on on May 2nd 在5月2日 on Sunday 在周日 on a cold morning 在一个寒冷的早上 (具体某一天的早上) on Monday afternoon 在周一下午 (具体某一天的下午) 3)具体时间点前介词用at at 8 o’clock 在八点 at noon 在中午 at night 在晚上 【口诀】at时间点,有on必有天,in加月季年。 Unit 5 Section A How do you choose a school club? ( 对话精讲Conversation ) ( 知识清单Conversation ) ►►►join v.参加;加入 1)join+组织=be in+组织=be a member of+组织(指加入某个组织并成为其中的一员) join the army/the Party/the club 参军/入党/加入俱乐部 2)join in+活动=take part in join in the game/the match参加这个游戏/比赛 3)join + sb. (in sth. /in doing sth.) Will you join us in playing soccer? 你要加入我们踢足球吗? ►►►choose v.选择 (choose---chose---chosen) 1)choose sb. sth. = choose sth. for sb. 给某人挑选某物 2)choose (not) to do sth. 选择去做某事 3)choose sb. sth. from 从某人/某事中选出 4)choose…as… 选择…作为… We choose Tom as our monitor. = We make Tom our monitor. 【拓展】 choice cn.选择 make a choice=choose ►►►feeling n.感觉;感情,情绪 do sth. with feeling 带有感情地… read with feeling 有感情地朗读 ►►►news un.新闻,消息 two pieces of news ►►►ability 1) un. “能力” have the ability to do sth. “有所某事的能力” He has the ability to speak English fluently. 2)cn. “才能,才干”,多用复数形式。 He is a man of many abilities. 他是位多才多艺的人。 ►►►climb v.爬,攀登 climb a mountain=go mountain climbing爬山 【拓展】 climber n. 登山者 ►►►watch 1) n.手表 two watches 2)v.看 (强调专注地看) watch TV看电视 watch football game看足球赛 ①watch sb. do sth. 看见某人做了某事(全过程) ②watch sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事(正在进行) 【辨析】 watch watch则强调“专注地看”,常用语看电视,看球赛 I often watch TV at night? 我经常晚上看电视。 look 指集中注意力地看,是有意的,强调“看”的动作 Look, there is a bridge over the river. 看,河上有一座桥。 see 强调看的结果,意为“看到,看见” How many birds can you see in the tree? 你能看到树上有几只鸟? read “阅读”,常用于看书、看报等 Have you read this book? 你读过这本书吗? Unit 5 Section B What can you learn in a school club? ( 阅读拓展Conversation ) ( 知识清单Conversation ) ►►►act 1)n.法令,条例 2)v.扮演(角色);行动,做事 【拓展】 actor/actress n.男/女演员 activity n.活动 action n.行动,行为 active adj.积极的 ►►►home n. & adv. 1)相关短语: at home 在家 stay at home待在家里 go home回家 on one's way home在某人回家的路上 make yourself at home别拘束 2)family & home & house辨析 family “家,家人”,强调家庭中的每个成员; home “家”,指与家人共同居住的地方,不可指人,带有感情色彩; house “房子,房屋”,侧重指居所,即建筑物 ►►►nature n.自然界,大自然 in nature在自然界中 (不加the) 【拓展】 natural adj.自然的,正常的 ►►►soon adv.不久,很快,一会儿 【辨析】 quickly adv.一般指思维动作反应快且用时少 He got in the car quickly and drove away. fast adj. &adv.多指人或车辆等的行动速度快 Tom runs fast to catch the bus. soon adv.指时间方面“快,短”,多与将来时连用 I will be back soon . ►►►fall 1)n. 秋天 fall(AE)=autumn(BE) Leaves often fall in fall. 2)vi. 掉落;跌倒 (fall-fell) fall off=fall down from从……摔落 fall down跌倒 fall in love with sb.爱上某人 3)系动词+adj. fall ill fall asleep ►►►photo n.照片 (复数)photos take a photo/photos of sb. /sth. 给......拍照 ►►►collect v.收集;采集 collect stamps集邮 They are collecting money(筹钱) for charity. 【词性拓展】 collection n. 收藏,收藏品 collector n. 收藏家 ►►►can情态动词 意为"能;会"。用来说明某人的态度或能力,其后须接动词原形,没有人称和数的变化。 含有can的句子,变一般疑问句时,把can提前;变否定句时,在can后面加not。 Mary can sing. 玛丽会唱歌。 Can Lucy swim? 露西会游泳吗? I can’t play soccer. 我不会踢足球。 ►►►情态动词can ◆情态动词的定义 情态动词是动词的一种,其本身具有一定的词义,用来表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气。 情态动词不能单独作谓语,只能和其他动词原形构成谓语,没有人称和数的变化。 常见情态动词:can能够;may可以,也许;must必须;need需要;should应该 ◆情态动词can的用法 (否定式can’t=can not,不能”) 1)表示“能,会”时,主要指脑力、体力方面的能力; I can speak English. 我能讲英语。 Jim can swim but I can’t. 吉姆会游泳,但我不会。 2)表示“可以”时,表许可或请求做某事; Can I have a cup of tea, please? 能给我一杯茶吗? 3)句型结构 肯定句 主语+can+动词原形...... 否定句 主语+cannot\can’t +动词原形...... 一般疑问句 Can+主语+动词原形......? 肯定回答 Yes,主语+can. 否定回答 No,主语+can't. 特殊疑问句 疑问词+can+主语+动词原形+其他? Unit 6 Section A How do you spend your school day? ( 对话精讲Conversation ) ( 知识清单Conversation ) ►►►use 名词(n.) & 动词(v.) “利用,使用,应用” (P59) 【用法】 make good use of ... = put ... into good use “好好利用” ►►►use 1)v. 使用,运用 (现在分词using) use sth. to do sth.= use sth. for (doing) sth.使用某物做某事 Can I use your pen to do my homework? =Can I use your pen for doing my homework? 2) n.利用,使用,应用 make good use of好好利用 【词性拓展】 useful adj.有用的 useless adj.无用的 user n.用户 ►►►get 1)v.收到;得到 (及物动词)后可接名词或代词作宾语。 I get many gifts on my birthday. 2)v.到达 (不及物动词)后须接介词to才能接地点名词。 When do you get to Beijing? 3)系v.变得 后接形容词 It’s getting cold. 天气变冷了。 【短语】 get up 起床 get back 归还;回到 get ready for为…做准备 get on/off上/下车(动介短语) get sb. to do sth.=make/have/let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 ►►►homework un.家庭作业 do (one's) homework 【拓展】 work/housework都是不可数名词 ►►►ask v.请求,询问,要求 1)ask sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事 (否定ask sb. not to do sth.) The teacher asks Tom to answer the questions. 2)ask sb. for sth. 向某人要某物 ask sb. for help 向某人寻求帮助 Peter asks me for help. 3)ask sb. about sth. 向某人询问某事 ►►►stay (过去式stayed) 1)v. 停留,待 stay at home待在家 stay up (late) doing sth. 熬夜做某事 stay away from离开;不接近 2)系v. 保持 stay healthy保持健康 Unit 6 Section B How different are people’s daily routines? ( 阅读拓展Conversation ) ( 知识清单Conversation ) ►►►daily 1)adj. 每日的;日常的 =everyday in our daily life=in our everyday life在我们的日常生活中 2)n. 日报 People’s Daily 《人民日报》 China Daily 《中国日报》 3)adv. 每日,天天 The zoo is open daily. ►►►break 1)n. 休息 (复数breaks) take / have a break 休息会儿 a break between classes 课间休息 2)v. 打破、弄坏、使流血(break-broke-broken breaking) break a window 打破窗户 break one’s arm 摔断胳膊” break the law / rules 违反法律/规章 break the record 破纪录 ►►►finish v. 完成,结束 1)finish sth. 做完某事 finish my homework/ high school 2)finish doing sth. 做完某事 【拓展】 enjoy, stop, practice +doing sth. ►►►outside adj./adv. stay/be outside呆在外面 stay/be inside呆在里面 ►►►for prep. 1) for+时间段,表示动作持续了多久 He usually sleeps for ten hours. “他通常睡十个小时。” 2)对于… It's + adj.+ for sb.+ to do sth 对某人来说做某事是.. be good/bad for... 对…有益/坏 3)为了… buy sth. for sb.给某人买某物 need…for...为了..需要.. 4)因为… thank sb. for...为...感谢. ask sb. for sth.问某人要某物 ►►►part cn. 部分;参加;零件;器官 1)take part in ...=join in+活动 参加...活动 2)play a part in (doing) sth. =play a role in doing sth. 在.…起作用/有影响 Everyone plays an important part in keeping our school clean. ►►►everyday adj.每天的,日常的 【辨析】every day & everyday every day adv.每天 (作频率副词,作状语,用how often提问) I go to school every day. everyday adj.每日的 (作定语,修饰名词=daily) Let’s give a everyday report.让我们做每日汇报吧。 ►►►prepare v.准备,预备 1) prepare for sth. 为......做准备 I am preparing for the New year's party. 2)prepare to do sth. 准备去做某事 ►►►time 1) cn.时间 have a good time doing...=enjoy oneself doing... 某人做某事玩得开心 It’s time to do... 到时间做某事了 in time 及时 on time 按时,准时 all the time 一直;总是 2) un.次,回 I went to New York three times. ►►►具体时刻的表达方法 顺读法:直接念数字 3:45 three forty-five 逆读法: 1)整点的读法:...o'clock 2:00 two o'clock (比较o'clock和clock钟) 2)分钟数≤30分:分钟数+past+钟点数 几点过几分 3:10 ten past three 4:27 twenty-seven past four 3)分钟数>30分:分钟数+to+下一个点钟 差几分到几点 4:50 ten to five 8:43 seventeen to nine 【注意】30分可以用half代替;15分可以用a quarter 2:30 half past two (注意half 前没有a) 3:45 a quarter to four (注意quarter前有a) ►►►询问时间 在英语中,用 what time 和 when 问时间 【辨析】 1)what time用于询问具体的时刻。只能用时刻来回答 -What time do you have English class? -At eight o’clock. 1)when 可以询问具体的时刻,也可以询问年、月、日、某个时段这样比较大的笼统的时间 -When do you have English class? -In the morning every day. ►►►频率副词 1)定义 表示动作频率的副词。常见频率副词按频率大小排列如下: 含义 频率 always 总是 100% usually 通常 90% often 经常,常常 70% sometimes 有时,不时,间或 40% hardly ever=hardly=seldom 几乎从不,很少 5% never 从来不,未曾,永不 0% 2)位置(行前be情助后) 频度副词在句中习惯上位于be动词、助动词等之后,行为动词之前。 We often go there. She is sometimes very busy. Unit 7 Section A How do we celebrate birthday? ( 对话精讲Conversation ) ( 知识清单Conversation ) ►►►celebrate v.庆祝;庆贺 (celebrated-celebrating) celebrate the festival/one's birthday/the new year/success 庆祝节日/生日/新年/成功 【词性转换】 celebration n.庆祝;庆祝活动 ►►►give v.提供;给 (give---gave---given) give sb. sth.= give sth. to sb.把......给某人 give sb. a hand 帮助某人 ►►►surprise 1)n.惊讶 to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是 in surprise吃惊地 be surprised at 对......感到惊讶 2)v.使惊讶;使意外 sth. surprise sb.=sth. make sb. surprised使某人惊讶 【词性拓展】 surprised adj.感到惊讶的 surprising adj.令人惊讶的 ►►►buy v.购买 1)buy sth. for sb.=buy sb sth.为某人购买某物 Dad bought a skirt for me.爸爸给我买了一条裙子。 =Dad bought me a skirt. 2)buy…from … 从…买… You can buy some milk from the store. ►►►something pron.某事,某物 1)复合不定代词作主语,谓语动词用单数 Someone is sleeping. 2)形容词修饰不定代词时,形容词要后置 I want to buy something interesting. 【拓展】复合不定代词 一(某)些 没 每 任何 人 someone/somebody no one/nobody everyone/everybody anyone/anybody 事 something nothing everything anything ►►►sale n.特价出售 at our great sale=at a great sale大甩卖 on sale特价出售 The clothes are on sale.衣服在打折。 for sale 待售 Is it for sale?这个卖吗? ►►►price n.价格 1)at a … price/prices 以…的价格 low price 低价 high price 高价 2)the price of…“…的价格” 作主语时,谓语动词用单数 The price of the house is high. I can’t buy it, 3)对价格提问: What’s the price of…? = How much is/are…? ►►►list 1)v.列表;列清单 He list all the things that he wanted to buy. 2)名单;清单 a shopping/name/price list ►►►own 1)adj./pron.自己的,本人的 (用于所有格或形容词性物主代词之后) ①sth of one's own= sb's own sth. 某人自己的…… These students had opinions of their own.这些学生有他们自己的见解。 ②on one's own=alone =by oneself独自地 She lives on her own. =She lives alone. =She lives by herself. 2)v.占有,拥有→→→→n.物主,所有人owner Who owns this house? = Who is the owner of the house? Unit 7 Section B How do you make your birthday meaningful? ( 阅读拓展Conversation ) ( 知识清单Conversation ) ►►►meaningful adj.有意义的,意味深长的 <反>meaningless 毫无意义的 【拓展】 1)mean v.意思是,意味着/adj.刻薄的 mean to do sth. 打算做某事 mean doing sth. 意味着做某事 be mean to sb.对某人不善良/刻薄 2)meaning n.意思,意义 ►►►wish 1)vt. 希望 (三单wishes) ①wish sb. sth.祝愿某人. . . ②wish to do sth.希望做某事 ③wish sb. to do sth.希望某人做某事 ④wish +that宾从 I wish(that)I could fly. 我希望我会飞。 2)n. 祝愿 (复数wishes) Best wishes to you.向你致以最美好的祝愿 ►►►symbol n.象征 a symbol of…的象征 symbol for…的符号 ►►►grow (过去分词grew) 1)vi. 生长 grow up 长大,成长 She wants to be a teacher when she grow up .她长大后想当一名老师。 2)vt. 种植 We grow flowers in our garden. 3)系动词+adj./n. 逐渐变成 (=be come/get/turn) It's growing dark.天渐渐(变)黑了。 ►►►blow v.吹,刮风,吹气 blow out all the candles in one go 一口气吹灭所有蜡烛 blow away 吹走 ►►►enjoy 1)enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事 2)enjoy oneself doing sth.做某事玩的愉快 =have fun doing sth. =have a good time doing sth. 【拓展】只接v.-ing形式作宾语的动词 enjoy/miss/mind/finish/practice/give up doing sth. 喜欢/思念/介意/ 完成/ 练习/放弃 【拓展】 enjoyable adj.令人愉快的 ►►►height n.高,高度 1)be of medium height 中等身高 2)What’s the height of …? 询问高度 = How high is/are …? ►►►later adv.以后 1)单用在句末 See you later.以后见 2)时间段+later =after+时间段 three days later=after three days 3天以后 later on 后来,以后 ►►►whom pron. who的宾格人称代词 (口语中常被who代替,但紧跟介词后只能用whom) I often practice English with my American friend. (对划线部分提问) Who/Whom do you often practice English with? =With Whom do you often practice English? ►►►序数词 基数词 one two three four five six seven eight 序数词 first second third fourth fifth sixth seventh eighth 缩写 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 基数词 nine ten eleven twelve thirteen twenty twenty-one thirty 序数词 ninth tenth eleventh twelfth thirteenth twenty twenty-first thirties 缩写 9th 10th 11th 12th. 13th. 20th. 21st 30th. 【口诀】基变序 基变序,有规律。1,2,3特殊记,其余加上th。 八去t,九去e,ve要用f替,ty变成tie。 若是碰到几十几,十位基数个位序。 【注意】 ①序数词前一般都加定冠词the, 如: the Fifth Lesson = Lesson Five ②序数词前有时也可加a/ an, 如: Try it a second time. 再试一次。 ►►►问数量和价格 1)how much 与 how many询问物体数量 how much + 不可数名词 How much rice is there in the bowl? how many + 可数名词复数 How many balls are there on the floor? 2)how much询问物品价格 How much is the/this/that/sb’s skirt(可数名词单数) How much are the/these/those/sb’s T-shirts? (可数名词复数) =What’s the price of…? —It’s … 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$

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2024-2025学年人教版英语七年级上册 知识清单
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