2025届高三英语一轮复习应用文写作讲义

作文考前冲刺： 书信类 (三段) 开头段：四大内容 1.问候 2.自我介绍 3.写信背景（为什么会写这封信）4.写信目的 中间段：具体内容+具体分析+例子 结尾段：客套话（感谢/客气/期待回信） 作文思路： 结构：总（表明主题）分 （按照2个或3个要点去写）总 （期待对方来信/表达祝福） 内容：按要点来写 2点表达：for one thing，for another thing 一方面，另一方面 3点表达：第一 first of all/firstly/at the beginning of 第二 what's more /secondly/furthermore/besides 第三 Last but not the least/thirdly/finally 总之：in short/in a word/to sum up/in a nutshell 在我看来： in my view/opinion from my perspective/as far as I’m concerned 语言：高级词汇替换，短语替换，运用句式 一．词汇替换 动词替换动词短语 1. consider把..考虑在内-take sth into consideration/account 2. remember记住--keep...in mind 3. join参加--take part in/participate in/compete in/attend 4. master掌握-have a good command/knowledge of 5. improve提高--enhance/strengthen/promote 6. develop 发展，培养--cultivate/nurture 7. like喜欢--be keen on/develop-take a great interest in..... 8. believe---hold a firm belief that 9. ignore 忽视---neglect/pay no attention to 10. get 获得--acquire/attain/obtain/gain 11. finish完成--complete/fulfill/accomplish/achieve 12. want to do 想要做.... intend to do..../feel like doing ..... 13. in my opinion在我看来--from my perspective/from my point of view/as far as I am concerned 14. think of sth 想到--sth occur to sb/it occurred to sb that/it hit sb that 15. draw your attention引起你的重视--capture your attention 16. work hard/try one's best to do努力----make every effort to do/spare no effort to do/endeavor to do/go all out to do/do one’s utmost to do 17. lead to -result in-cause (sth to do)导致 ---contribute to/give rise to 18. give ( a solution to)给出一个解决办法 sb put forward/sb has come up with.... 形容词替换 1. beautiful美丽的/吸引眼球的---eye-catching/attractive/appealing 2. happy高兴的-delighted/pleased 3. helpful 有用的--beneficial/rewarding 4. famous著名的--well-known，outstanding 5. serious严重的--severe 6. difficult困难的--challenging 7. clever聪明的--brilliant/intelligent 8. bad不好的--awful/terrible 情态动词替换 can ----be able to do/enable sb to do/be capable of doing can't---fail to do/be unable to/can’t manage to do....没能 should----be supposed to/ had better do 连词互换 in fact /actually事实上------ as a matter of fact and 和---as well as/along with/in addition to/ so/therefore因此---accordingly/consequently/as a consequence however然而,..../But...-------nevertheless,句子， 句子+while+句子 句子替换 1. I believe your efforts will not be in vain我相信你的努力没有白费 I am fully convinced that your effort will eventually pay off. 2. 我很十分抱歉 very/quite-----I am more than excessively/awfully sorry that 3. I hope that you can希望你能---------You are expected to do.... 4. You shouldn’t do...你们不应该 On no account should you do...../never should you do..... 5.The reason why I fail to attend the party is that I intend to pick up my friend whom we have not met each other for ages.我不能去参加聚会的原因是我要去机场接一个多年未见的朋友。 二．短语积累： 学习方面 1. have a good command of 精通=master 2. have a wide range of knowledge 学富五车 3. be acquainted with对...熟悉=familiar 4. be occupied with =be buried in忙于 5. be devoted to=be dedicated to=be committed to致力于 6. take sth into consideration 把..考虑在内 英语类 7. express myself fluently and clearly 流利地清晰地表达自己 8. broaden one's horizons 开阔视野 9. open one's mind 开阔sb的思维 10. account for 对..做出解释 11. make more friends who share common interests交一些能分享共同爱好的朋友 环保类 12. develop/raise the awareness of...发展/提升...的意识 13. trash sorting 垃圾分类 14.be rooted in 根植于... 文化类 15.extensive and profound 博大精深 16.have a good understand of 对...有好的理解 17.play an important role 发挥一个重要作用 18.develop a taste for 发展对...的品味 活动类 19. rich and colorful activities 丰富多彩的活动 20. be involved in=be engaged in=take part in=participate in参加 三．句式运用 Doing...is/what we can do is to do/It is adj for sb to do sth/not only.....but also/ 定从/名从/in order to -so that 状从/非谓语动词 四．如何写开头结尾段 开头段 1. 告知对方你的身份（假如对方不认识你） Dear Sir/Mr Smith， I am Li hua，president of students' Union of Dong feng high school， I am writing to inform you that..... 2. 问候收信人 Dear Tom， Hello/Hi,how are you? I hope everything is fine.How are thing going with you?/How are you getting along with ....? 3. 解释写信的原因 致谢 I am writing to tell you how grateful I am for..... I’m writing the letter to express my sincere gratitude for your help. 询问 I would like to obtain/request/seek/inquire some information about.... I’m writing to ask if you can do me a favor. I would like some detail information on/about.... 结尾段 1.发出请求 I would very much appreciate it if ....as soon as possible. 2.提供帮助...will be taking responsibility for you and if you should need any assistance, she/he will be pleased to help you. 3.再次表示感激 Please accept my heartfelt thanks and deepest gratitude,now and always. Thank you for your kind assistance. 4.期盼回信 I look forward to your prompt response. I hope to receive your reply shortly. I expect to hear from you very soon. 五．素材积累（9种书信） 一.申请信（英语职位，志愿者） I ‘m writing the letter to apply for the job posted online. 1.擅长英语 2.服务他人 3.经验丰富 I can express myself in English fluently and clearly,which makes me surpass others. I devote my time and energy to serving people who need help. I have abundant /relevant experience to take up the job,which boosts my confidence. I would appreciate it if you take my application into consideration.Look forward to your reply. 二．建议信 I am writing to tell you about some symptoms of anxiety 焦虑症among us students before exams. I know that you have trouble in releasing pressure before exam. I’d like to give you some suggestions about how to reduce burden. 1.努力学习，制定合理计划 2.健康饮食，调整心态 3.保持足够的睡眠 4. 出去散步或做户外运动 5给老师同学聊天 Study hard every day and make careful plans 制定仔细的计划for every exam. In this way we can avoid suffering from the pressure of exams. Making reasonable plans is wise for you in learning,which enables you enhance learning efficiency dramatically. It is significant for you to have a healthy diet，which is contributes to relax youe mental and physical state. it’s important for us to have a fight attitude towards exams. They are only a means of checking how we are getting along with our studies, so there is no need to 做..没有必要worry too much about the results. Enough sleep can make us energetic and enable us to perform well in an exam.（what you should do is to sleep 8 hours a day，guaranteeing your energy when you take exams.） During the period of exams, we should not stay up too late. We can also try a warm bath热水澡 or a cup of warm milk一杯热牛奶before going to bed. They might help us to have a sound sleep.睡得很好 We’d better go out for a walk or do some outdoor exercises before and during an exam so that we can keep ourselves relaxed and then concentrate ourselves on exams. It is a good way for you to have a chat with your teachers and students when you meet/encounter trouble. I would appreciate it if you could take my advice/suggestion into consideration/account. I would be more than happy if my suggestions could be of help to you. 三．感谢信（学习） I’m writing the letter to thank you for doing..... I would like to take this opportunity to express my great appreciation of your timely help and assistance help. 1. 怀念我们在一起的时光 2.帮助我学习英语 3.给我勇气和信心 I cherish the time that we spend together, which brings happiness and pleasure to my life. Thanks to your generous/professional help，I make great remarkable progress in English， I really gratitude you from my heart.(Without your timely assistance,I wouldn't have gained remarkable achievement.)虚拟 It is kind and warm-hearted of you to give me courage and boost my confidence to face difficulties.（It is kind/friendly/thoughtful/considerate of you to donate books for us,which is conducive to English learning) You go all out to give me bravery and boost my confidence when I face with difficulties and challenge. Thank you for your kindness again and we are looking forward to your reply. 四．祝贺信 I am writing to express my congratulations on your winning the first place第一名 in the English speech contest. I just want you to know how pleased I am to witness 目睹/见证your success. 1.骄傲于对方取得的成就 2.长期经验的积累 3.希望对方分享方法 I know how hard you have been studying all the time (宾从）and I am proud of your remarkable achievements. It is your long-term accumulated experience that leads you to the current success. I sincerely hope that you can share the method of enhancing spoken English with me. Please accept my warmest /heartiest congratulations 五．邀请信 I am writing to invite you to...（take part in an activity which will be held on Monday.） 活动内容 时间 地点 注意事项 Here are some details about the activity.... The purpose of the activity is to....We will have a speech at 2:30 pm. this Tuesday afternoon in the Meeting Room 401. (时间+星期+地点） I would appreciate it if you take my invitation into consideration.Look forward to your reply. 6． 求助信 问候话语： How is it going？ How are things going？ How are you doing these days？How have you been feeling/doing? 开头：I’ve been busy preparing for my College Entrance Exam高考, but unfortunately I find it quite hard to concentrate on集中精力 my study. So I’m writing to ask you for help. 遇到什么问题 1和2 1.话费太多时间写作业没时间做锻炼 2.来自父母和老师高高的期待使我很有压力，我不想让他们失望。 I am encountering three problems which trouble me a lot. To begin with, … What’s more, … What troubles me most is… I have to spend so much time on my homework that I hardly have time to take sports. The high expectation from the teachers and my parents makes me extremely stressful because I don’t want to let them down. I would appreciate it if you could provide me with some professional guidance 7． 演讲稿（竞选职位/毕业典礼/保护环境）（2013年学校英语俱乐部选举新一届主席，负责规划、组织俱乐部的活动，你欲参选） 演讲稿和发言稿的区别： 演讲稿： 1. 用途：多用于正式场合如学术会议、政府活动、庆典仪式等（提前准备） 2. 结构：开头部分引起听众注意，可用一个引人入胜的故事，引语或问答吸引观众，通过事实、数据或例证支持自己的观点，结尾给人深刻印象，通过总结演讲要点或一体出一个令人深思的问题来结束演讲。 3. 风格：更加正式，庄重，使用复杂的句子结构，通过演讲传达专业知识，使听众对演讲信服。 发言稿： 1.用途：多用于非正式场合如团队会议、社区活动、辩论比赛（即性临时准备）。2.结构：发言稿需要简洁的开头，直接进入主题，并且可以省略结尾部分。 3.风格: 使用简明的语言和平易近人的词汇，贴近听众的语言水平，更好地与听众进行沟通和互动。 It’s great honor for me to stand here to deliver my speech. （1）竞选职位演讲 Dear teachers and students, may I have your attention please? I'm Li Hua. It's a great honor for me to be here competing for the head of the oral English club in our school. 优势描写： 优势1 ：Primarily, I’m confident that I am qualified for this position优势1 because my brilliant 技艺高超的，明亮的，才华横溢，辉煌的，熟练的command of English puts meat an advantage over 有优势others, 定从非限which enables me to interact with互动，交流 foreigners with great ease. 优势2： Besides, I'm outgoing, and skilled at organizing different kinds of activities.设想 Given the chance, I will spare no effort to serve the students and organize varieties of activities like English Corner and English Speech Contest, 伴随providing a platform for us students to improve our oral English. I sincerely hope you will vote for me. That's all. Thanks for your listening! （2）毕业演讲：代表同学在毕业典礼上发言 1. 毕业心情 2.高中三年收获 3.感谢（老师和同学）和决心 At this moment,此刻 I cannot bear 容忍to part分开 but I am also eager for渴望 my new life in university. Not only（后用倒装） have I made some true friends who 定从shared sorrows and joys同甘共苦 with me, but also I have gained various knowledge. I’d like to express my sincere gratitude to my teachers. It was they who 强调句patiently answered our endless questions. Besides, I owe many thanks to 非常感谢my dear classmates. Without their help and encouragement,(介词短语） I couldn’t have overcome so many difficulties that I have met. （定从） Now I’ve been determined to lead a more meaningful life in university and I will live up to the expectations of my teachers and my parents. （3）保护环境类演讲 What I want to stress is that protecting the environment is of vital importance. No one can deny the fact that the environment is playing an important role in our life. Thank you for your listening. 八：发言稿和投稿 投稿、发言稿和宣传稿的写作结构 段落 投稿 发言稿 宣传稿 第一段 开门见山，说明投稿的主题(包括记人论事，写景状物等) 开门见山提出本人要谈的问题及对问题的看法 介绍活动的时间、地点、主办方以及活动 第二段 按要求具体阐述主题所包含的内容 具体说明理由 简单介绍一下活动的流程，对活动的情况进行描述。同时，写明具体的开始时间和结束时间 第三段 根据征文的不同类型结尾 照应开头对全文做简明的总结 对活动给予好的评价，活动对大家的意义，寄予对每个人的期望或对未来的向往 (1)投稿 （天津2019年3月：给公众号投稿，从所读的书籍中选定一种类型，推荐给其他同学 2021年6月：给某栏目投稿，介绍一个国内你去过或喜欢的地方） ①It has been...years since...was founded and it has been accompanying me all through my childhood.自从……成立以来已经……年了，它一直陪伴着我度过了我的整个童年。 ②In my spare time，I often read the newspaper which covers not only classic stories but also current affairs.在业余时间，我经常读这份不仅包括经典故事，还报道时事的报纸。 ③By reading the newspaper，not only do I．..but also I．..通过阅读报纸，我不仅……而且我…… ④I do expect...can have a promising future.我确实希望……有一个有前途的未来。 ⑤Among all the tourist attractions I have travelled to，no place is more beautiful than... 在所有我去过的旅游景点中，没有一个地方比……更美丽的了。 ⑥What is the most impressive is its many multi-level waterfalls and colorful lakes. 最令人印象深刻的是它的许多多层瀑布和色彩丰富的湖泊。 ⑦I’m sure the visitors will be amazed by the beautiful scenery... 我相信游客会对……美景感到惊叹。 天津2021(3) 假如你是晨光中学的李津，我市为外国友人提供生活信息的某英文网站新增了《最美中华》栏目，请你给该栏目投稿， 介绍一个国内你喜欢或去过的地方，内容包括： （1） 该地方的基本情况（如名称、地理位置等）； （2） 该地方的特色（如文化、景点等）； （3） 你对该地方的印象和感受。 注意： （1） 词数不少于100； （2） 可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯； （3） 文章标题和格式已给出，不计入总词数。 A beautiful Place in China 思路 1.介绍城市位置+举例名胜古迹 2.介绍景点位置++起源+特色（运用句型）+作用 3.总结 March 19，2021 By Li Jin Sichuan Province is located in（坐落于） southwestern part of China. It enjoys many world-famous places of interest（名胜古迹）, such as Jiuzhaigou National Park and Dujiangyan Irrigation Project. （都江堰水利工程） Jiuzhaigou National Park is a nature reserve (自然保护区）in the north of Sichuan Province. What is the most impressive is its many multi-level （多层次的）waterfalls and colourful lakes. What’s more, walking in the nature reserve, you have a chance to see rare animals like giant pandas,golden monkeys.表伴随 There are also many species of rare plants protected here. （there be 句型）Another famous scenic spot (风景区，景点） is Dujiangyan Irrigation Project. It dates from/derives from/originates from（起源于） over 2000 years ago However, it is still playing an important part in （发挥重要作用）irrigation today. I am sure确信 the visitors will be amazed by（对..感到惊讶） the beautiful scenery in Jiuzhaigou National Park as well as the construction（建造） Dujiangyan Irrigation Project. (2)发言稿 （2016年英国高中生与你校学生开展为期2周交流活动，你在欢送会上致辞 2020年5月探讨如何利用网络学英语 2009年学校举办每年一度的英语演讲比赛 The English Novel I like best，作为组织者，你在演讲比赛开幕时发言） 开头 ①Good morning everybody！It’s my honor to speak here，and today I’d like to talk something about...大家早上好！我很荣幸能在这里发言，今天我想要谈一些关于…… ②Today I am very glad to be here to share with you my ideas of... 今天我很高兴能在这里与大家分享我关于……的想法。 ③It is so nice to see all of you here and I would like to introduce/show... 很高兴在这里看到你们所有人，我想介绍…… ④On behalf of...，I would like to express/share...代表……，我想表达/分享…… 中间 ⑤I’d like to start by.../Let’s begin by...我想从……开始/让我们从……开始 ⑥Now we’ll move on to...现在我们将继续谈谈…… ⑦A good example of this is...一个很好的例子是…… ⑧To illustrate this point...为了说明这一点…… 结尾 ⑨In conclusion，...总之，…… ⑩I’d like now to sum it up that...我现在总结如下…… 描述要尽量选择简洁的语言，运用适宜的语法规则和词汇把各要点都准确表述出来。难点在于选择词汇和句型，能够灵活运用高级词汇和固定短语准确表述。还要用适当的连接词把句子连接起来，这样文章显得更连贯。 2016天津：假设你是晨光中学的学生会主席李津。一批来自英国的高中生与你校学生开展了为期两周的交流活动。此刻，他们即将回国，你将在欢送会上致辞。请根据以下提示写一篇发言稿。 　　(1)回顾双方的交流活动（如学习、生活、体育、文艺等方面）； 　　(2)谈谈收获或感想； 　　(3)表达祝愿与期望。 How time flies! Two weeks have passed since you came to our school for the exchange program， which we all have benefited from。 　　During these two weeks，we have studied and lived together， which gives us the opportunity to promote our friendship. Doing sports as a team has enabled us to know each other better. Your art skills are excellent and admirable，which leaves me a deep impression. 感受I think everyone here is a member of our big family. All our classmates have learned a lot from our communication and the various activities. 　　Now,on behalf of my schoolmates,I wish you a safe return./I sincerely wish you a pleasant trip back to your country. I also hope that there will be more events of this kind in the future. Thank you. 九．通知 Ladies and gentlemen, May I have your attention, please? I have an announcement to make. 时间 地点 活动目的 具体活动安排 对参赛者的要求 The Student Union is going to hold a party on Saturday evening, August 15, to welcome our friends from the United States. It will be held in our lecture hall on the first floor in the teaching building 教学楼at 2 P.M October 7 . Those who would like to take part in it are supposed to sign up签名 at the office of Student Union 学生会before September 25 . Welcome to attend this competition if you have any interest in English speeches or this topic. It would be a valuable experience to exchange ideas with some judges and excellent English learners. Don't miss it. 六．活动类+景点类 1.文化交流类好处 1.experience the charm of......体验..的魅力 2.promote the cultural communication/exchanges提升文化的交流 3.carry forward/pass down....发扬/传承 4.have a good understanding of Chinese culture 更好的理解中国文化 What we should do is to carry forward our traditional Chinese culture from generation to generation. 2.课外活动的好处 1. broaden one's horizons 开阔眼界 2.make friends who have common interests 交志同道合的朋友 3.boost one's confidence 增强自信 4.enhance one's skill 提升技能 3.景点类句式 It is located in......,which is the capital of....... It has eye-catching sight,which..... Walking.....,you can admire...... What is the most impressive is..... 七．作文练习： 假设你是李津，你的英国笔友Chris 最近给你写信告诉你他即将作为交换生来中国学习一年。他对在中国的生活和学习有些担心和焦虑。请你给他写回信，要点如下： （1） 欢迎他来中国，钦佩他的勇气 （2） 安慰他的焦虑并提出建议（生活和学习上） （3） 对他祝愿和期待 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$