Unit 3 讲义-2024-2025学年牛津译林版英语八年级上册讲义

( 问题导入 ) 外出一天 a day out 在……的末尾 at the end of 保持健康 keep fit/healthy 在学校大门口 at the school gate 乘船进行一次旅行 take a boat trip=have/go on/take a trip by boat 交通拥挤 much/a lot of traffic 上车 get on 在河边 by the river 下车 get off 一次去某地的旅行 a trip to 名胜古迹 places of interest 参加 join in/take part in 自学 teach oneself= learn sth by oneself 起初，在开始 at the beginning/at first ( 知识 梳理 ) Part 1 Comic Strip&Welcome to the unit &Reading ◇1.  climb the hill爬山→climb (up)…爬… ①climb up the Great Wall爬长城 ②climb into the bed爬上床 ③climb through the window从窗户爬出来 ④climb over the wall翻越墙 ◇2.need to exercise and keep fit需要锻炼来保持健康 （1） keep fit, keep healthy, stay healthy保持健康 keep sb + adj: keep us healthy （2）need作名词时，构成短语in need。作行为动词时有人称和数的变化，后接不定式或动名词； 作情态动词时无人称和数的变化，后接动词原形。 ①We should help people in need. 我们应该帮助有需要的人。 ② He needs to study hard. 他需要刻苦学习。 （3） exercise n/v do morning /eye exercises. 做锻炼：do exercise 做练习：do exercises 他每天锻炼。 ◇ 3. come on (命令句)快，快点吧；走吧；跟我来；这边来吧 Come on! We’ll be late for school.快点！我们上学要迟到了。 ◇4. Let’s enjoy ourselves! ⑴enjoy oneself＝have a good time玩得高兴,过得愉快， 反身代词与主语保持一致。 ⑵Let’s do sth, shall we? 除此以外的祈使句，无论是肯定式还是否定式，附加疑问部分一律用will you。e.g. ①Don’t be late again, will you? ②Let us go home, ? ◇5. take a boat trip乘船旅行，go past the Opera House经过悉尼歌剧院 take a trip ◇6. sit in a little coffee shop by the River Seine坐在塞纳河畔的一个小咖啡店里 ⑴coffee house咖啡店；茶馆，coffee shop咖啡店 ⑵by…在…旁边(比near近) Come and warm yourself by the fire.过来烤烤火。 ◇7. take care保重；当心，小心 ⑴ ＝ 好好照顾… ⑵look out当心→look out of向…外看 向窗户外看 ◇8. interesting places＝places of interest有趣的地方；名胜 (注意此处的interest无复数) 这里interest为名词，解释为“令人感兴趣的事或人”。interest还表示“兴趣”，常用的短语有：show/have interest in sth对…某事感兴趣， show/have interest in doing sth对…做某事感兴趣 ①Daniel shows/has great interest in computers. ②Daniel shows/has great interest in making his own home page. ◇9. invite me to join their school trip to the World Park邀请我参加她们学校组织的去世界公园的旅行 ⑴invite sb to…邀请某人去某地 Millie invited me to her birthday party. ⑵invite sb to do sth邀请某人做某事 We should invite more people to take part in the charity show. 我们应该邀请更多的人参加慈善展览。 ⑶join参加，加入某组织，如政党、社会团体，join sb 。 join in…＝take part in…参加某活动，attend出席。试比较： ① He joined the tennis club. ② The man the army at the age of 19. ③ He joined in the game. ④ Did you your school sports meeting? ⑤ We’re going to plant trees. Will you us? ⑥ He us in the game yesterday. ◇10. get on a coach上长途汽车 get on…/get off…上、下(车、船等)，e.g. get on/get off the plane上、下飞机 ◇11. a lot of traffic＝heavy traffic＝busy traffic交通拥挤，作主语时谓语动词用单数。 昨天在我回家的路上交通很堵塞。 ◇12. one / it / that (those)的区别 Your coat is very nice. I will buy tomorrow. The weather in Beijing is colder than in Changzhou. I only have one copy of newspaper, do you want ? One 是指同类不同物，指代前面出现的单数名词，复数用ones；it指同类同物；that或those用于比较级中。试翻译：The pyramids look like the real ones. ◇13. whole ：the whole world= all the world the whole day = all day ◇14. arrive at the World Park到达世界公园 “到达”有三种表达， get to＋某地；arrive at＋小地方，arrive in＋大地方；reach＋某地。 get to，arrive at/in后接地点副词时不能用介词，常用的地点副词有here, there, home。如：get/arrive here/there/home到这里/到那里/到家。 ◇15. be made of metal 由金属制成 ⑴be made of…由…制成，强调从制成的成品上还能看得出原材料，物理变化。 The desk is made of wood. 这张桌子是木制的。 ⑵be made from…由…制成，表示从成品上已经看不出原材料,化学变化。 Wine is made of grapes. 葡萄酒是葡萄酿成的。 ⑶be made up of…由…组成，由…构成，指各个部分组成整体。 Our class is made up of 54 students. 我们班由54名学生组成。 ⑷be made in…在某地制造 NOKIA mobile phones are made in Beijing. ◇16.the song and dance shows歌舞巡游，join in the dancing加入舞蹈行列 罗志祥的歌舞巡游 ◇17. on the Internet 在因特网上on the computer在电脑上，on the screen在屏幕上，on TV在电视上 go and see for yourself亲自去看看 for oneself亲自，by oneself＝on one’s own＝alone独自；单独 爸爸妈妈亲自来看我的表演。 我每天独自去上学。 ( 例题精讲 ) 选择 (   )1. You can see some photos ______ the trip ____ the Internet.     A. of; on   B. with; in     C. from; at    D. to; by (   )2. Millie thinks more of others than of _______, so everyone likes to make friends with her. A. herself    B. hers     C. she      D. her (   )3. I ______ you last Friday, but I couldn’t remember your name. A. remembered seeing      B. remember seeing   C. remember to see         D. remember saw  (   )4. He tried and tried, and _____ he succeeded.     A. in the end    B. at the end     C. for the end      D. by the end (   )5. They think Waikiki in Hawaii is better than _____ in Australia.     A. any beach           B. any other beaches   C. any other beach         D. the other beaches (   )6. The White House is a beautiful building ____ a big garden and many trees.     A. have     B. has    C. with    D. there is  (   )7. I won’t believe you if I don’t see it for ________.     A. myself     B. yourself    C. itself    D. me 答案： A AAA A CA ( 举一反三 ) 首字母填空。  1. I do not like to travel in the big city because of the busy t__________ . 2. P_______ Obama will pay a visit to China in this November. 3. In the coming sports meeting, we are planning to get more gold m________ than last year. 4. We could also see some f_______ friends from other countries in the song and dance parade. 5. The scientist often spent the w_____ night on a difficult problem. 答案： traffic President medal friendly whole ( 课堂检测 ) 一、 用所给词的适当形式填空 1. Beijing is one of the most modern international ________(city) in the world. 2. ______(luck), he passed the exam and went to a key school in that district. 3. The film_______(it) is interesting, but they didn’t like it at first . 4. They didn’t play well in the first half and they did even_____(badly) later. 5. He is planning _______(take) all his good friends to that park . 6. There are many places of _________(interesting) in Nanjing . 7. It took them two hours ________(go) back to school by shuttle bus. 8. Jay Chou learned _______(play) the piano when he was three years old. 9. Tom and Jerry were lucky, so they didn’t hurt ________(they) in that fight. 10. I haven’t seen my mother for a long time. I hope ________(see) her soon. 二、改写句子 11. Jack rode a bike there （同义句） Jack ________there _____ his bike yesterday. 12. Please help this poor girl, or she can’t climb the rock同义句） The girl can’t climb the rock ______ your _______. 13. Work out how much each student should spend on the trip.　 （同义句） Work out the _____ of the trip _____ student. 14. She made up her mind to be a nurse at the age of 23. (同义句) She ______ ______ be a nurse when she was 23 years old. 15. We became excited when we saw the tower . (对划线部分提问) _____ did you ______ when you saw the tower ? 三、完成句子 16. 他通过每天游泳来保持健康。 He ______fit by _______ every day . 17. 比赛是几天前举行的。 The match ______ _______ a few days ago. 18. 为全天的旅程做个计划如何？ What about _______ a plan ______ the day ? 19. 请尽可能快的把书归还给我。 Please _______ the book back to me as soon as ________. 20. 谢谢你替我保密 Thanks for ________ the secret _______me . 四、 根据句意及汉语提示，用正确形式完成所缺单词 21. There is always a lot of _________( 交通) on the highway at this time of day. 22. Would you like to enjoy the ________(美景) of the lake with me after supper ? 23. Thomas Edison got a special ________(奖牌) for his great inventions in 1928. 24. Have you ever been to any _________(外国的)countries ? 25. As we all know , the Eiffel Tower is made of ________(金属). . 1-10 cities, Luckily, itself, worse, to take, interest, to go, to play, themselves, to see 11-15 went, on / without help/ cost, per/each / decided to / How become 15-20 keeps, swimming/ took place / making , for / give , possible/ keeping , for 21-25 traffic beauty medal, foreign, metal ( 回顾小结 ) ( 课后作业 ) 一、单项选择 ( )1．He always goes to work ____his own car and sometimes he ____ a bus to his workplace. A. by, by B. in, by C. in, takes D. by, takes ( )2．Which sign means “No Photos”? ( )3. Boys and girls, help ______ to those sweets. They are just for ______. A. yourself; you B. yourself; yourself C. yourselves; you D. you; you ( )4. Tom and Jack, did you enjoy _______ in the park yesterday? A. you B. your C. yourself D. yourselves ( )5. You may go to see the film this evening, _____ you must finish your homework first. A. so B. or C. and D. but ( )6. Listen to the weather report _____ fill in the form（表格）. A. and B. or C. but D. why ( )7. Thanks a lot for agreeing _________us ________ on the trip to the museum. A. let, go B. to let, go C. to let, to go D. letting, going ( )8.He felt very happy because his good friend invited him ______dinner in that restaurant. A. had B. to have C. to having D. have ( )9. We had a picnic last term and it was a lot of fun，so let’s have _____ one this month. A．the other B．some C．another D．other ( )10. The trip was________ , and we all felt very________. A. boring; boring B. bored; bored C. boring; bored D. bored; boring ( )11. Don’t forget ________ our school basketball team. With your support, we will win. A. cheer for B. to cheer for C. cheer to D. to cheer ( )12. Please _______ your friends here _______ Sunday, 7th November. A. take; on B. take; in C. bring; on D. bring; in ( )13.---When did your parents _______ the airport? ---About two hours ago. A. arrive B. got to C. arrive at D. reached ( )14. Yesterday Jim had fun ________ the violin with his family in the park. A. played B. playing C. to play D. plays ( )15.I don’t want to watch TV this evening. I’ll listen to music _________. A. instead of B. also C. too D. instead 二、 完形填空 Many objects( 物体) that people use each day started with a simple(简单的) idea. These objects have often changed the way we 26 .Some help us to do a job more 27 .Others fill a need or solve a problem. In 1858 H.L.Lipman had such an 28 .He took out a pencil，a piece of paper， 29__an eraser. Then he began to write. Sometimes he needed to 30 a word. Each time he had to search under his books and papers to _31 the eraser.“I wish my eraser would stay in one 32 !”he said. Then Lipman had his simple idea. He 33 a groove（凹槽） in one end of the pencil. He glued（粘牢）the eraser into the groove . Lipman had solved his problem. Later he thought that others might like to have such a pencil. So he sold his 34 .Some pencils with erasers were __35 .His design earned him $100，000. （ ）16．A．study B．live C．sleep D．walk （ ）17．A．easily B．correctly C．carefully D．normally （ ）18．A．article B．aim C．idea D．action （ ）19．A．so B．and C．but D．as （ ）20．A．spell B．read C．write D．change （ ）21．A．look B．see C．watch D．find （ ）22．A．place B．desk C．book D．hand （ ）23．A．marked B．prepared C．cut D．invented （ ）24．A．books B．pencil C．design D．eraser （ ）25．A．wonderful B．expensive C．colourful D．common 三、阅读理解 A Conrad(康拉德) was eighteen months old when he crawled（爬）up on a piano bench and began playing some tunes he had heard on the radio. At three he wrote his first piano piece, which he named “Congrajulashons” because, like Mozart, he could compose music before he could spell. At ten, Conrad studied at Juilliard School in New York City, one of the best music schools in the world. He spent five hours a day playing the violin and the piano. “I’m like and unlike other children,” he said. “I’m interested in the same things as other children, such as books and films. And I’m not such a big fan of practising, but I have to do it.” Early this year Conrad won a big competition for young composers（作曲家）. He was the youngest of the more than 450 youths entered. Conrad loves to compose classical music. He has written thousands of pieces of all kinds. When he has time, he reads Harry Potter. He also goes to see Spider Man. ( )26. The writer mainly wants to tell us __________. A. about the whole life of Conrad B. about a famous young composer C. about a good music school D. how to become a successful composer ( )27. Conrad reads Harry Potter and sees Spider Man because he __________. A. has the same interests as other children B. is unlike other children C. wants to kill time D. loves books and films of all kinds ( )28. Conrad composed his first piano piece __________. A. when he was 10 years old B. before he studied at Juilliard School C. when he met Mozart D. after he learned to spell ( )29. The Chinese for the underlined word “tunes” should be “__________”. A. 乐器 B. 音响 C. 乐谱 D. 曲调 ( )30. Which of the following about Conrad is true? A. He could play the piano very well when he was one year and a half. B. He won a big competition in New York for young pianists. C. He practiced playing the piano as well as the violin at school. D. He has composed thousands of beautiful songs for children. 1-5 C C C D C 6-10 A B B C C 11-15 B C C B D 16-20 B A C B D 21-25 D A C C B 26-30 B A A D B ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$