Unit 1 The Mass Media Grammar and usage 课件-2024-2025学年高中英语译林版（2020）选择性必修第二册

Unit 1 The mass media Past perfect tense To understand the usage of the past perfect tense To identify the verb form of the past perfect tense To use the right forms of the past perfect tense to correct the mistakes and complete the article To apply the past perfect tense in new contexts Read the short life story of Joseph Pulitzer on Page 6, and finish the timeline. He moved to America and became an American citizen. He offered Columbia University money to start a school of journalism. The Columbia School of Journalism was established. Joseph Pulitzer was born. He became a publisher. Pulitzer bought the New York World. Pulitzer died. The first Pulitzer Prizes were awarded. 10 April, 1847 1878 1883 1892 1917 Pulitzer founded St Louis Post-Dispatch. The 1860s 1872 1911 1912 A Read the life story again and find the sentences that use the past perfect tense. The first one has been done for you. … by then he had learnt very little English. … by the age of 25, he had become a publisher. He used the same business strategy he had employed at the St Louis Post-Dispatch… We often use the past perfect tense to talk about something that happened (1) ________ (before/after) a past time. The verb form of the past perfect tense is “(2) _________ (have/had) done”. before had 1. 过去完成时可以表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已完成的动作。这个过去的时间常用by …, before …等介词短语或时间状语从句来表示，也可以从一个表示过去的动作或上下文中得到提示。如： He had tried his best although he failed. She had learned Chinese before she came to China. By the end of last month, we had finished half of the project. 2. 过去完成时可以表示从过去的某一时刻开始，延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态，常和for, since构成的时间状语连用。如： She had worked for twelve hours by 8:00 p.m. He said he had worked in that factory since 2005. 3. hope, wish, plan, want, intend, attemp, expect, think, suppose等表示 “打算、计划、希望、试图、认为等”的动词，用过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的愿望、打算或意图等。如: I had wanted to help you, but I was too busy then. He had thought to send for a doctor. 4. 过去完成时可以用于hardly … when或no sooner … than等结构，表示“一……就……”。如： I had hardly entered the classroom when the bell rang. No sooner had she arrived than she devoted herself to her research. 5. 过去完成时常有by, when等引导的时间状语作为标志。如： I had finished reading the novel by the end of last week. He had learnt English for ten years when he graduated from high school. 6. 如果before引导的时间状语从句，主句可用一般过去时代替过去完成时；如果after引导时间状语从句，从句可用一般过去时代替过去完成时。如： John (had) left before I came home. He began to write a review after he (had) watched the film twice. B Circle the mistakes and correct them in the blanks below. B1 1 Pulitzer knew that he had learnt very little English, so he had started to work hard at the language. ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ Pulitzer knew that he had learnt very little English, so he started to work hard at the language. 2 Pulitzer was very hard-working. Quite often, when he arrived home at midnight, he was working for over 10 hours. ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ 3 For the time he was 25, Pulitzer had become a journalist and publisher. ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ Pulitzer was very hard-working. Quite often, when he arrived home at midnight, he had worked for over 10 hours. By the time he was 25, Pulitzer had become a successful journalist and publisher. 4 Many of the best reporters have worked for his paper before its failure in 1931. ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ Many of the best reporters (had) worked for his paper before its failure in 1931. win build intend award allow Below is a passage about the Pulitzer Prizes. Complete it with the correct forms of the verbs in the box below. B2 The Pulitzer Prizes are a set of 21 awards honoring excellence in journalism and the arts. The prizes were established largely due to the efforts of Joseph Pulitzer, who (1) __________ his reputation as a newspaper publisher. He left money in his 1904 will to fund the establishment of the prizes, stating that he wanted four awards in journalism, four in letters and drama, one for education, and five traveling scholarships. had built Since the first prizes (2) ______________ in 1917, there have been many winners and many people have won more than once. Past winners include such famous names as Eugene O’Neill. When O’Neill received the Pulitzer Prize in Drama in 1957, it was the fourth time he (3) ______________ one. were awarded had won win build intend award allow There have been a number of changes to the Pulitzer Prizes over time. Some of these resulted from advances in technology. For example, online content from newspaper websites (4) __________________ in all of the journalism categories since 2006. the Pulitzer Prizes have also expanded to include such categories as photography and music. Nevertheless, journalism is still what the Pulitzer Prizes are best known for. Today, winning the Pulitzer Prizes is considered by many to be the highest achievement possible in journalism --- just as Pulitzer (5) _______________. has been allowed (had) intended win build intend award allow Read the passage and answer the following questions. 1. How many awards did Pulitzer want when he left money in his 1904 will? Pulitzer wanted 9 awards, including 4 in journalism, 4 in letters and drama and 1 for education. 2. How many times had O’Neill won the Pulitzer Prize in Drama before 1957? Before 1957, O’Neill had won the Pulitzer Prize in Drama for three times. 3. What new categories have been included in the Pulitzer Prizes? The Pulitzer Prizes have allowed online content from newspaper websites in all of the journalism categories and have also expanded to include categories such as photography and music. Zou Taofen was a famous Chinese journalist and publisher. Read the timeline below and describe his life story using the past perfect tense. B3 Zou Taofen was a famous Chinese journalist and publisher. He was born in 1895, in Fujian. He graduated from university at the age of 26, in 1921. The next year, he became an editor. By the time he was 31, Zou Taofen had become the chief editor of Life Weekly. In 1931, he started campaigning against the Japanese invasion. By the time he was 40, he had started a new journal called Life of the Masses. Zou had established himself as a famous journalist and publisher before he died in Shanghai in 1944. 1. His paper published articles about politics and social issue, accusing government official of dishonesty and wealthy people of not paying their taxes. 他的报纸刊登关于政治和社会问题的文章，谴责政府官员满口谎言和富人逃税。 accuse vt. to say that sb. has done sth. wrong or is guilty of sth. 控诉; 谴责 e.g. The government was accused of incompetence. 【归纳】 accuse sb.  控告或指责某人 accuse sb. of sth. / doing sth. 控告或指责某人(做)某事 【语境应用】翻译下面句子。 1) 虽然他说谎了，但我并不想因此而指责他。 Though / Although he told a lie, I don’t / didn’t want to accuse him of it. 2) 那位司机由于酒后驾驶被控告了。 The driver was accused of driving after drinking / drunk driving. 2. When O’Neil received the Pulitzer Prize in Drama in 1957, it was the fourth time he had won it. 奥尼尔在1957年获得普利策戏剧奖，这是他第四次获得该奖。 It/This/That was the first/second … time (that) sb. had done sth. 这是/那是某人第一次/第二次……做某事。 It/This/That was the first/second … time + that 从句(现在完成时) e.g. It is the first time that I have heard thunder this year. It/This/That is one’s first time to do sth. 这/那是某人第一次做某事。 e.g. It is Linda’s first time to come to China. It’s time that sb. did/should do sth. 某人该做某事了。 e.g. It’s time that we took/should take some measures. 【语境应用】单句语法填空 1) It is the third time that she ___________ (win) the race, which has surprised us. 2) That was the second time that the foreigner _________ (come) to our school. 3) It’s time that you ___________________ (hand) in your papers. has won had come handed/should hand 1. Review Grammar. 2. Finish Part C on Page 58. $$