Unit 1 Cultural Heritage Words and Expressions课件-【上好课】2024-2025学年高一英语同步精品课堂（人教版2019必修第二册）

Unit 1 Cultural Heritage Words and Expressions 人教版2019必修第二册 目 录 Part 1 重点词汇 Part 2 重点短语 Part 3 重点句型 preserve [prɪˈzɝv] vt.保存；保护；维持　n．保护区 preservation n. 保护 preserved adj.保藏的；腌制的 preserve sb./sth. from/against ... 保护……免受…… protect ... from ... keep ...free of/from ... preserve sth. for ... 为……而保存/保留 put sth. on preserve=keep sth. in preserve保存/保留某物 promote [prəˈməʊt] vt. 促进；提升；推销；升级 promotion n. 提升, 晋级; 促销活动 promote development / growth / understanding 促进发展/增长/加深了解 promote sb. to… 提升某人为…… be promoted to. . . 被提升为…… gain / get promotion of sth. (对某事业的)促进, 提倡, 赞助 win promotion 获得晋级, 争取晋升 promote [prəˈməʊt] vt. 促进；提升；推销；升级 使向前发展 （基本义） promote 使职位 “向前发展” 使事情 “向前发展” 晋升 促进；推动 促销；推广 使产品销售 “向前发展” 一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。 1. Not only do indoor plants look beautiful, but studies have shown that they can promote people’s wellbeing by improving their mood. (2023 全国改) ______________ 2. While waiting for the chance to get promoted, Henry did his best to do his duty. (2014 安徽改) ______________ 3. Hunters bring in more than 300,000 nutria (海狸鼠) tails a year, so part of Mouton’s job these days is trying to promote fur. (2020 全国) ______________ 二、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1. She worked hard and was soon ___________ (promote). 2. The new job is ___________ promotion for him. 3. Her promotion ___________ Sales Manager took everyone by surprise. 促进；增进 晋升 推销 promoted a to application [ˌæpləˈkeʃən] n．申请(表)；用途；运用；应用(程序) apply vt．&vi 应用；运用;申请；请求 applicant n． 申请人 applied adj 应用的 apply for 申请 apply oneself to (doing) sth． 致力于(做)某事 apply sth to sth 把…应用到… apply (to….)for …. =make an application to … for…（向…）申请 fill in an application form 填写申请表 balance [ˈbæləns] n. 平衡; 均匀 v. 保持平衡，使平衡 balanced adj． 平衡的 lose one’s balance 失去平衡 keep one’s balance 保持平衡 recover/regain one’s balance 恢复平衡 keep a balance between A and B 在A和B之间保持平衡 balance A against B 权衡/比较A和B balance [ˈbæləns] n. 平衡; 均匀 v. 保持平衡，使平衡 使物体“平衡” 的工具 账户上的“平衡” 抽象的“平衡” 天平；秤 平衡；均衡 余额；余款 平衡 (基本义) (使) 保持平衡；(使) 均衡 v n 一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。 1. Mothers should balance their time for work and rest. (2015 四川) __________ 2. These actions have greatly affected the ecological (生态的) balance. (2019 天津) __________ 3. When do we need to pay the balance? __________ 4. I thought she was going to fall, but she recovered her balance and carried on walking. __________ 二、根据所给汉语完成句子。 1. I _____________________________ (失去平衡) and fell on my face. (2015 湖北) 2. Be sure to __________________ (保持平衡) and don’t let your body shake. (2014 辽宁) 平衡 平衡 余款 恢复 / 找回平衡 lost my balance / was off balance keep your balance 3. I’ve got _____________________ (良好的平衡感) and learnt to ski quite quickly. 4. Over the past two centuries, the Industrial Revolution has broken this ___________________________________ (城市和农村间的平衡). (2013 北京) 三、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。 1. His wife’s death disturbed the balance of his mind. _______________ 2. The question caught him off balance. _______________ 3. He turned around, balancing awkwardly on one foot. _____________ 4. His lack (缺乏) of experience was balanced by a willingness to learn. _____________ a good sense of balance balance between the city and the country 使他心神不宁 使他不知所措 / 使他乱了方寸 站稳 / 站立 弥补 balance [ˈbæləns] n. 平衡; 均匀 v. 保持平衡，使平衡 She cycled too fast round the corner, lost her balance and fell off. 2) Do you believe it? Mike said he could balance a pencil on the end of his nose. 【语境运用】翻译句子。 她拐弯时骑车太快，失去平衡摔倒了。 你相信吗？Mike说他可以在他的鼻尖上立着铅笔使之保持平衡。 proposal [prəˈpozl] n. 提议；建议 propose v. 建议；提议 proposer n. 申请人；提案人 proposition n.议题；提议 make a proposal 提出建议 propose doing sth. 提议做某事 propose that...(should) do sth. 提议 likely [ˈlaɪkli] adj. 可能的 adv.可能地 sb./sth. be likely to do sth. =It’s likely that 做某事是有可能的 sb./sth. be unlikely to do sth. =It’s unlikely that 做某事是不可能的 一、根据所给汉语完成下列句子。 1. This passage _______________________________________ (最可能出自) a popular sales book. 2. Brian is gifted in writing music; he ____________________ (很有可能成为) a Beethoven. (2015 四川改) 3. Students who take a well-planned year out ____________________________ (更有可能对……满意), and complete, their chosen course. (2015 全国改) 4. Although the police thought he was ______________________ (最有可能的一个), since they had no exact proof (证据) about it, they could not arrest (逮捕) him. most likely comes from / is most likely from is very likely to be are more likely to be satisfied with the most likely one 三、英汉互译。 1. It’s more than likely that the thieves don’t know how much it is worth. _________________________________________________________ 2. — Do you want to come running with me? — Not likely. _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ 3. 他似乎是这项工作最适宜的人选了。 _________________________________________________________ 4. 今晚她很可能给我打电话。 _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ 盗贼很可能不知道此物值多少钱。 ——你想和我一起跑步吗？ ——才不呢。 He seems the most likely person for the job. She is very likely to call me tonight. / It is very likely that she’ll call me tonight. limit [ˈlɪmɪt] n.限度；限制 vt. 限制；限定 limited adj. 有限的 limitation n. 限制；控制 limit...to... 把……限制在……范围内 be limited to... 局限于…… a time/speed/age limit 时间/速度/年龄限制 within limits 在某种程度上; 有一定限制 set a limit on 对……加以限制 beyond the limit 超过限度 limit [ˈlɪmɪt] n.限度；限制 vt. 限制；限定 界限；边界 limit 基本义 地区或地方的“界限”“边界” 数量上的“界限”“边界” 状态上的“界限”“边界” 界限；边界 限度； 限制 极限 限制；限定 n v 一、用所给单词的正确形式填空。 Once we found the place to photograph the scene at sunset, it was stressful getting lights and cameras set up in the ________ (limit) time. (2023 全国改) 2. Owing to the ___________ (limit) of our knowledge, there must be mistakes and errors in the book. 3. Reading satisfies my desire to keep learning. And I’ve found that the possibilities that lie within books are _______ (limit). (2019 天津) limited limitation limitless 二、根据所给汉语完成下列句子。 1. Knowledge and learning are important if we want to be successful, but they may also ___________________ (限制我们的思维). 2. ___________________ (对……有限制) the number of people we can hold in mind. 3. I’ve been asked to ____________________ (把演讲控制在) ten minutes. 4. He was born in a poor family, and ____________________ (受教育不多) in his childhood. (浙江书面表达) limit our thinking There is a limit on limit my speech to had / received a limited education loss [lɔs] n. 丧失；损失 lost adj． 失去的；丧失的；迷惑的 make up for the loss　　弥补损失 at a loss 不知所措，困惑 suffer a loss 遭受(……的)损失 be lost in 全神贯注；沉浸于 be lost in thought 陷入沉思 1. Having lost his father, Roy became very unhappy. 2. I lost my way in the network of tiny alleys. 3. Argentina lost to German in the 2014 FIFA World Cup. 4. The company lost heavily because of wrong judgment. 5. I lost the last sentence of his speech. 6. Come on, there’s no time to lose. lose (lost, lost) vt 失去；丢失；丧失 loss 抽象名词由动词lose转化而来 输给 迷路 失去 损失 没听清 没时间磨蹭 lose 语义网络图  失去；丧失 (基本义)  vt & vi (使) 亏损；(使) 损失 失去钱 失去比赛 失去方向和路线  vt & vi 输掉  vt 迷失；使迷路 失去时间或者机遇等  vt 错过；浪费 lose & loss lose  失去；丢失；丧失  迷失；使迷路  错过；浪费  (使)亏损；(使)损失  输掉 loss  遗失；失去；丧失  死亡；去世  亏损；损失 一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。 1. She must be feeling very lonely after the loss of her husband. ___________ 2. We see your going as a great loss to the company. ___________ 3.  When she died I was filled with a sense of loss. ____________ 4. I want to report the loss of a package. ____________ 二、在空白处填入1个适当的单词。 1. The animal was weak through loss _________ blood. 2. I’m _________ a loss what to do next. 3. His comments left me at a loss _________ words. 损失 去世 失落感 丢失 of at for 三、根据所给提示完成下列句子。 _____________________ (减肥) should be gradual. When her son finally left home, Emily felt completely ____________________ (茫然若失). 3. The firm ____________________ (亏损) 6 million last year. 4. Though many reasons other than Alzheimer’s disease may cause __________________________ (失忆) , its early diagnosis (诊断) and treatment may delay some of the most serious effects. Weight loss at a loss made a loss of memory loss / loss of memory contribution [ˌkɑntrɪˈbjuʃən] n．贡献；捐款；捐赠 contribute vi．&vt． 捐献；捐助 contribute to … 促成；有助于 contribute … to … 把……捐献给…… make a contribution/contributions to．．．　对……做出贡献 contribute [kənˈtrɪbjut]] vi.&vt. 捐献；捐助 贡献contribute (基本义) “贡献”人力、物力、财力等 为某事的发生做“贡献” “贡献”稿件等 贡献；捐助；捐献 造成 / 促使 (某事发生) 投 (稿)；撰 (稿) 贡献 contribution 捐款；捐献物 稿件；作品 contribute [kənˈtrɪbjut]] vi.&vt. 捐献；捐助 【语境运用】翻译句子。 1) Many local businesses contributed to the school rebuilding fund. 2) Honesty and hard work contribute to success and happiness. 3) This invention made a major contribution to road safety. 当地的许多企业为学校的重建基金提供了捐款。 诚实加苦干有助于获得成功和幸福。 这项发明对道路安全贡献很大。 attempt [əˈtɛmpt] n.& vt. 企图；试图；尝试 attempted adj 未遂的，企图的（做前置定语） make an attempt to do/at doing sth. 试图做某事 at the first attempt 第一次尝试 in an attempt to do sth 试图做某事 attempt (v.) sth. / to do sth. 尝试某事/做某事 attempted crime 犯罪未遂 a hopeless attempt 无望的努力 attempt a rescue 设法实行营救 根据所给提示，用适当的词块完成下列句子。 1. I often leave early to seek the right destinations so I can set up early to avoid missing the moment I am _______________________ (试图拍摄). (2023 全国) (attempt v) 2. She _________________________________ (试图加入) in their conversation. (attempt n) 3. They closed the road ___________________________ (试图减少) traffic in the city. (attempt n) 4. They had to abandon (放弃) their ______________ (……的尝试) climb the mountain. (attempt n) attempting to photograph made an attempt to join / at joining in an attempt to reduce attempt to worthwhile [ˈwɝθˈwaɪl] adj. 值得做的；值得花时间的 worth n. 价值；prep. 值……钱；值得 worthy adj. 值得尊敬的，值得的 It is worthwhile doing/to do sth. 值得做 【语境应用】完成句子。 1) The house is _________ a lot of money. 2) He who does his duty is __________ of praising / to be praised. 3) The smile on the girl’s face made it all __________. 　 worth worthy worthwhile give way to 屈服于；给……让步 give away 赠送；泄露 give out 分发；耗尽 give back 归还 give off 发出；放出 give up 放弃 give way to give way to giving up give out gave away If you identify your way, the world will _______________ you. She _______________ all her furniture when she went abroad. He is thinking of _____________ the promotion. You can help us to __________ the newspapers. After a long argument, we didn't ________________ each other. lead to 导致; 造成(后果); 通向 to是介词，后可接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语 lead sb. to do sth. 使某人做某事 lead sb. to sp. 带领某人去某地 lead the way 引路, 带路 lead/live/have a...life 过着……样的生活 turn to 向……求助；致力于；翻到(书的某页)；转向 turn down关小；拒绝 turn on打开(水、煤气、电灯等) turn off关上(水、煤气、电灯等) turn up开大；出现 turn out结果是，证明是；生产出 ——用turn的相关短语填空 1)When I am in trouble, I always ____________my friends for help. 2)The meeting has already begun, but the chairman hasn’t ____________ yet． 3)Tom ________________ the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy． 4)It ________________ that the job was much harder than we had thought． turned up turned down turned out turned up There comes a time 表方位/时间的副词置句首时全部倒装 常见的完全倒装的情况 1) 当表示地点的介词短语位于句首且主语为名词时。 2) 当out, in, up, down, off, here, there, now, then等副词位于句首且主语为名词时。 3) 在there be结构中。 4) 当作表语的形容词、过去分词等位于句首且主语为名词时。 5) 在某些表示祝愿的句子中。 e.g. Long live our friendship! not only… but also… 不仅……而且…… 1) not only ... but also ... 连接两个并列分句时，not only位于句首，则前一分句倒装，后一分句仍然用陈述语序。 e.g. Not only did I know Helen, but also I was her best friend. 2) only所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句位于句首时要倒装。 e.g. Only in this way was Jack able to make himself understood. Only then did I know the importance of friendship. Only after she finished the homework did she leave. 3) 如果only修饰主语位于句首时，句子不倒装。 e.g. Only a few students can answer this question. neither… nor… 既不……也不…… neither… nor…既不……也不……连接句子中两个相同的句子成分。链接主语时，谓语动词就近原则。 其他类似并列连词有： either… or… 不是……就是…… not only… but also… 不仅……而且…… not … but… 不是……而是…… Thank You ! Words and Expressions 人教版2019必修第二册 $$