专题02【5•1】阅读理解之记叙文讲练测（5年高考真题+1年江苏名校模拟）-2025届高考英语名校模拟真题速递(江苏专用)

2025届高考英语名校模拟真题速递(江苏专用) 专题02【5•1】阅读理解之记叙文讲练测 （5年高考真题5篇+1年江苏名校模拟20篇）原卷版 目录 5年高考真题细目 1 满分作答解题妙招 1 5年高考真题演练5篇 3 1年江苏名校模拟20篇 7 ( 5 年 高考 真题考点细目 ) 2020-2024江苏高考考点细目（阅读理解记叙文） 卷别 词数 主题 话题 典型题 2024新课标I卷 304+127 人与自然 介绍针灸医疗用于动物初见成效 26段落大意题 2023新课标I卷 341+134 人与自然 利用自我修复的原理来净化污水 26意图推断题 2022新课标I卷 344+133 人与社会 介绍为解决食物零浪费采取措施 27项目建议题 2021新课标I卷 326+106 人与自我 介绍钢琴演奏者翻页师趣味故事 26项目评价题 2020新课标I卷 318+137 人与自我 妈妈克服困难拿到大学文凭故事 27故事寓意题 ( 记叙 文 满分 作答解题 妙招 ) 一、题型解读 记叙文是以写人、记事、状物为主要内容，以记叙和描写为表达方式的文章。一篇记叙文，无论长短都应该是一个完全独立的事实，描写人物、地点、事件和过程，表达作者的某种情感。主要具有以下特点：内容上，记叙文应该包括六要素，即：时间、地点、人物、起因、经过和结果。可以按事件发生的时间顺序写，也可以按事件发生的先后写。命题上，主要集中在多个事件的先后顺序与人物的情感态度上。选材上，新颖、生动、真实、典型的素材描写，让读者有身临其境的感觉。形式上，顺叙、倒叙、插叙。语言上，一般过去时为主，各种时态为辅，合理使用丰富多彩的谓语动词时态是英语记叙文首要的语言特征；多用动词，尤其是动态强的行为动词是英语记叙文又一个明显的语言特征。 二、体裁结构 1.记叙文的开头通常交代事件的背景，即事件发生的时间、地点、有关人物等内容。2.记叙文的展开（中间）通常以人物活动的时间顺序、空间位置变换、事件发生的顺序或人物的主次性格特征为行文线索。3.记叙文的结尾通常是依照事件的发生、发展和结局这样一个自然的顺序来结尾。 三、写作意图 1.讲述故事 ( tell / narrate / relate a story) 2.分享经验  (share an experience) 3.纪念人物 (remember a person) 4.阐明道理 (communicate an idea / convey a message) 四、解题策略 1.关注细节  记叙文中有大量的事件发展过程中的细节，包括记叙文的5W（what, who, when, where, why）要素。因此我们作答细节题的时候，就没有那么复杂，一般只需要由前到后，从上到下，一题一题地做就可以了。  2.注重联系  在做题过程中，我们大都不能在文中找到与题干一字不差的词语或句子。这时我们需要认真研究问题，抓住题干中的关键词语，然后到文中准确地找到与之相关的语句，或是疑似语句的位置，接着去左顾，或右盼，在前句或后句寻找线索。  3.读懂表象 主旨大意题或推理判断、作者意图题等实际上是同一类型的问题，或者说是可用同种方法解答的题型。在解答此类题目的时候，不可被题干的表象所迷惑，要像剥洋葱一样，一层一层地剥；在四个可选项中，一个一个地去证实，去排除。特别是解答推论或暗指类的题目，比如“What can be inferred from …?”或是What does the author imply in…?”之类的题目，文中所陈述的往往不是答案。我们要在文前文后去查找，在字里行间里去寻觅。有时还少不了借助自己的生活经验和常理来体会这言外之意。  4.挖掘意义  每年的高考阅读题中，特别是记叙文的阅读题，都会出现一至两道词义猜测题。而这些词汇往往是你素昧平生的，或者和你有点头之交，在文中却另有新意的，总之，猜的是那些在高考词汇表要求之外的词汇。小小的一个词，一个短语，考核的不是你的语法的熟练程度，也不是你的记忆力，而是你对文章通篇或者一个段落的整体把握和变通能力。 五、记叙文主旨概括题 1.首段法：首段主旨句；转折词后；破折号后 2.核心名词法：核心名词在文章中高频出现。可是“原词”或“同义词”不断曝光。 3.合并法：整合各段落大意，整合各段落首段信息 4.首位呼应法：整合首段和尾端信息 六、记叙文细节理解题 1.划出题干，选项关键词； 2.回忆文章结构，定位具体段落； 3.理解细节内容，最后找出答案； 4.正确选项的特征：原词复现/同义词、近义词替换；语言高度凝练概括。 七、实用答题妙招 1.阅读理解记叙文细节理解题居多，落实“题文同序”和“同义替换”。 2.数据计算题注重“原文定位”“细节理解”，弄清来龙去脉再计算。 3.文章寓意题要注意言外之意，尤其是首尾段做出合理推测判断。 4.人物性格描述题注意捕捉原文褒贬性词汇再进行同义替换和排除。 5.满分策略：读题干→找原文→做标记→留痕迹→看选项→扣字眼。 ( 5 年 高考 真题 演练 ) 真题演练01 (2024新课标I卷) “I am not crazy,” says Dr. William Farber, shortly after performing acupuncture (针灸) on a rabbit. “I am ahead of my time.” If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods. But Farber is certain he’ll have the last laugh. He’s one of a small but growing number of American veterinarians (兽医) now practicing “holistic” medicine – combining traditional Western treatments with acupuncture, chiropractic (按摩疗法) and herbal medicine. Farber, a graduate of Colorado State University, started out as a more conventional veterinarian. He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain. He tried muscle-relaxing drugs but found little relief. Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments. What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients. So, after studying the techniques for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets. Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition. After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months. And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse, Nappy, “moves more easily and rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic adjustment. Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700. “Sometimes it surprises me that it works so well,” he says. “I will do anything to help an animal. That’s my job.” 24. What do some of Farber’s coworkers think of him? A. He’s odd. B. He’s strict. C. He’s brave. D. He’s rude. 25. Why did Farber decide to try acupuncture on pets? A. He was trained in it at university. B. He was inspired by another veterinarian. C. He benefited from it as a patient. D. He wanted to save money for pet owners. 26. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. Steps of a chiropractic treatment. B. The complexity of veterinarians’ work. C. Examples of rare animal diseases. D. The effectiveness of holistic medicine. 27. Why does the author mention the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association? A. To prove Farber’s point. B. To emphasize its importance. C. To praise veterinarians. D. To advocate animal protection. 真题演练02 (2023新课标I卷) When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making. After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine. The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge. He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water. Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse — like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China. “Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor,” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.” 24. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs? A. He was fond of traveling. B. He enjoyed being alone. C. He had an inquiring mind. D. He longed to be a doctor. 25. Why did John put the sludge into the tanks? A. To feed the animals. B. To build an ecosystem. C. To protect the plants. D. To test the eco-machine. 26. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou? A. To review John’s research plans. B. To show an application of John’s idea. C. To compare John’s different jobs. D. To erase doubts about John’s invention. 27. What is the basis for John’s work? A. Nature can repair itself. B. Organisms need water to survive. C. Life on Earth is diverse. D. Most tiny creatures live in groups. 真题演练03 (2022新课标I卷) Like most of us, I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste. The arugula (芝麻菜)was to make a nice green salad, rounding out a roast chicken dinner. But I ended up working late. Then friends called with a dinner invitation. I stuck the chicken in the freezer. But as days passed, the arugula went bad. Even worse, I had unthinkingly bought way too much; I could have made six salads with what I threw out. In a world where nearly 800 million people a year go hungry, “food waste goes against the moral grain,” as Elizabeth Royte writes in this month’s cover story. It’s jaw-dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away — from “ugly” (but quite eatable) vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans. Producing food that no one eats wastes the water, fuel, and other resources used to grow it. That makes food waste an environmental problem. In fact, Royte writes, “if food waste were a country, it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world.” If that’s hard to understand, let’s keep it as simple as the arugula at the back of my refrigerator. Mike Curtin sees my arugula story all the time — but for him, it's more like 12 bones of donated strawberries nearing their last days. Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington, D.C., which recovers food and turns it into healthy meals. Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished (有瑕疵的) produce that otherwise would have rotted in fields. And the strawberries? Volunteers will wash, cut, and freeze or dry them for use in meals down the road. Such methods seem obvious, yet so often we just don’t think. “Everyone can play a part in reducing waste, whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won’t eat,” Curtin says. 24. What does the author want to show by telling the arugula story? A. We pay little attention to food waste. B. We waste food unintentionally at times. C. We waste more vegetables than meat. D. We have good reasons for wasting food. 25. What is a consequence of food waste according to the test? A. Moral decline. B. Environmental harm. C. Energy shortage. D. Worldwide starvation. 26. What does Curtin’s company do? A. It produces kitchen equipment. B. It turns rotten arugula into clean fuel. C. It helps local farmers grow fruits. D. It makes meals out of unwanted food. 27. What does Curtin suggest people do? A. Buy only what is needed. B. Reduce food consumption. C. Go shopping once a week. D. Eat in restaurants less often. 真题演练04 (2021新课标I卷) By day, Robert Titterton is a lawyer. In his spare time though he goes on stage beside pianist Maria Raspopova — not as a musician but as her page turner. “I’m not a trained musician, but I’ve learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her performance.” Mr Titterton is chairman of the Omega Ensemble but has been the group’s official page turner for the past four years. His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesn’t have to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves. He said he became just as nervous as those playing instruments on stage. “A lot of skills are needed for the job. You have to make sure you don’t turn two pages at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right spot.” Mr Titterton explained. Being a page turner requires plenty of practice. Some pieces of music can go for 40 minutes and require up to 50 page turns, including back turns for repeat passages. Silent onstage communication is key, and each pianist has their own style of “nodding” to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner. But like all performances, there are moments when things go wrong. “I was turning the page to get ready for the next page, but the draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off the stand,” Mr Titterton said, “Luckily I was able to catch them and put them back.” Most page turners are piano students or up-and-coming concert pianists, although Ms Raspopova has once asked her husband to help her out on stage. “My husband is the worst page turner,” she laughed. “He’s interested in the music, feeling every note, and I have to say: ‘Turn,turn!’ Robert is the best page turner I’ve had in my entire life.” 24. What should Titterton be able to do to be a page turner? A. Read music. B. Play the piano. C. Sing songs. D. Fix the instruments. 25. Which of the following best describes Titterton’s job on stage? A. Boring. B. Well-paid. C. Demanding. D. Dangerous. 26. What does Titterton need to practise? A. Counting the pages. B. Recognizing the “nodding”. C. Catching falling objects. D. Performing in his own style. 27. Why is Ms Raspopova’s husband “the worse page turner”? A. He has very poor eyesight. B. He ignores the audience. C. He has no interest in music. D. He forgets to do his job 真题演练05 (2020新课标I卷) Jenifer Mauer has needed more willpower than the typical college student to pursue her goal of earning a nursing degree. That willpower bore fruit when Jennifer graduated from University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire and became the first in her large family to earn a bachelor's degree. Mauer, of Edgar, Wisconsin, grew up on a farm in a family of 10 children. Her dad worked at a job away from the farm, and her mother ran the farm with the kids. After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college, working to pay her tuition(学费), because there was no extra money set aside for a college education. After graduation, she worked to help her sisters and brothers pay for their schooling. Jennifer now is married and has three children of her own. She decided to go back to college to advance her career and to be able to better support her family while doing something she loves: nursing. She chose the UW-Eau Claire program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield because she was able to pursue her four-year degree close to home. She could drive to class and be home in the evening to help with her kids. Jenifer received great support from her family as she worked to earn her degree: Her husband worked two jobs to cover the bills, and her 68-year-old mother helped take care of the children at times. Through it all, she remained in good academic standing and graduated with honors. Jennifer sacrificed(牺牲)to achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to study. ''Some nights my heart was breaking to have to pick between my kids and studying for exams or papers,'' she says. However, her children have learned an important lesson witnessing their mother earn her degree. Jennifer is a first-generation graduate and an inspiration to her family-and that's pretty powerful. 24. What did Jennifer do after high school? A. She helped her dad with his work. B. She ran the family farm on her own. C. She supported herself through college. D. She taught her sisters and brothers at home. 25. Why did Jennifer choose the program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield? A. To take care of her kids easily. B. To learn from the best nurses. C. To save money for her parents. D. To find a well-paid job there. 26. What did Jennifer sacrifice to achieve her goal? A. Her health. B. Her time with family. C. Her reputation. D. Her chance of promotion. 27. What can we learn from Jenifer's story? A. Time is money. B. Love breaks down barriers. C. Hard work pays off. D. Education is the key to success. ( 1年江苏 名校 模拟试题 ) 名校模拟01（2024·江苏·模拟预测）Velez-Liendo’s earliest memories are of playing in the lowland forests near her village in southeastern Bolivia as a child — “in bare feet, just searching for insects”. When her family moved to Oruro, she took to chasing reptiles (爬行动物), continuing her “appreciation of nature”. While earning her undergraduate degree, Velez-Liendo had her heart set on studying gorillas in Rwanda — until she met an Andean bear in Carrasco National Park. Velez-Liendo then spent almost three years traveling the entire eastern area of the Bolivian Andes to produce the first national assessment of Andean bears. She identified the best places to invest in protecting or restoring Andean bear habitat and zeroed in on the dry forested valleys of Tarija. But only 6 percent of the original dry forest was left, distributed in a few regions in Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia. And Andean bears in Tarija are acknowledged as extinct. In 2016, Velez-Liendo set up camera traps to see if any bears were still in Tarija. In February 2017, a photo of a mother and cub (幼崽) brought hope. Though Tarija’s forests were promising bear habitat, local villagers killed bears for the sake of their farm animals and crops. When another community showed her a group of brand-new bee boxes that people didn’t know how to use, she hatched an idea. Velez-Liendo asked an expert who had experience teaching beekeeping to train locals in how to care for hives (蜂箱), obtain honey and market it for sale to increase their incomes. In exchange, community members agreed to protect the forest and not harm Andean bears. Velez-Liendo also taught locals how to collect data and help monitor the ecosystem. Today, over 60 Andean bears wander through Tarija’s forests, a remarkable increase from the five bears documented in 2017. Velez-Liendo wants to copy Tarija’s model in the Chuquisaca and Cochabamba regions to the north. “Engaging more rural communities can provide ‘stepping stones’ of habitat to connect isolated bear populations,” she says. “Conservation comes from the communities that live with this biodiversity. I think that’s how conservation is changing: from the hands of biologists to the hands of people.” 1. What can Velez-Liendo be described as while growing up? A. A forest hunter. B. An wildlife lover. C. A gorilla expert. D. A park-goer. 2. What might account for Andean bears’ situation according to Velez-Liendo? A. The decline of their habitat. B. The influence of rough weather. C. The lack of stable financial support. D. The bad cooperation among countries. 3. How did Velez-Liendo promote bear conservation? A. By making stricter laws. B. By educating local people. C. By establishing bear reserves. D. By increasing farmers’ income. 4. What message does Velez-Liendo want to convey in the last paragraph? A. It’s never too late to mend. B. Sharp tools make good work. C. More logs make a bigger fire. D. Where there’s a will there’s a way. 名校模拟02（2024·江苏·模拟预测）Wendell Berry was almost 30 when he packed up his life as a New York intellectual and moved to Port Royal, a tiny community in Kentucky where generations of his forebears (祖先) had farmed the land. His friends thought he was mad. But he felt it was his inner calling to record the history of the place. Since moving to Port Royal in 1964, he has lived as if he were in the 19th century, writing by hand and ploughing his fields with horses. His eight novels and more than 50 short stories are usually set in Port William, a stand-in (代替物) for Port Royal. Nick Offerman, an actor, wanted to adapt his work for the screen. However, the actor was refused. In Mr Berry’s opinion, humans must take care of the earth that grants them life. “The soil is the greatest connector of lives,” he has written. “Without proper care for it we can have no community.” This philosophy dominates his writings. In The Unsettling of America, published in 1977, Mr Berry criticized the natural damage caused by large agribusinesses. He thinks capitalism has separated farming from culture and disconnected people from nature. Mr Berry’s fiction explores the decline of values by following Port William’s interconnected clans (家族) as they enter the modern age. In Dismemberment, a short story, Andy Catlett loses a hand to a harvesting machine and becomes a loner. He sees his withdrawal is mistaken and reconnects with the town, finding “the wealth of an intimate history” in belonging to “his ancestral place”. In Hannah Coulter, Mr Berry’s seventh novel, the main character Hannah Coulter grows old after a sad life and anticipates loneliness when her children leave to find work in the city. Instead her hope is restored when her grandson returns to run the farm. These stories offer insightful advice for readers living through ecological disaster. Though few can return to farming basics, Mr Berry’s messages of building communities, being a good neighbor and resisting the invitation of modern life are still valuable. 1. Why did Mr Berry’s friends think he was mad? A. He moved to live in the countryside. B. He turned down Offerman’s request. C. He wrote most of his novels by hand. D. He gave up his career as an intellectual. 2. What do Mr Berry’s writings often imply? A. The challenges of farming in old days. B. The harmony between man and nature. C. The real benefits of large agribusinesses. D. The hard lives of his forebears in Kentucky. 3. What do Andy Catlett and Hannah Coulter have in common? A. They are from the same novel. B. They both choose to live alone. C. They are victims of country life. D. They both find their values again. 4. What would be the best title for the text? A. Wendell Berry: a rural writer living a modern life B. Wendell Berry: a strong voice for modern farming C. Discover why Wendell Berry’s rural tales shine D. Find out how Wendell Berry adapts to new environments 名校模拟05（2024·江苏宿迁·三模）It has been five years since I left my staff job and became self-employed. I remember my terror as I walked out of the office for the last time and the excitement when I sold my first piece days later. Working for yourself, setting your own hours and being responsible for your success or failure are exciting. I left my job just as summer was starting, and my first few months were as blissful as the fair days. When winter came, an office where someone else paid for the heating system and my salary was guaranteed seemed attractive. January is tough for freelancers (自由职业者), and it was no different for me — after masses of work, I earned none. I shared my fears with some businesswomen I knew — what if the reality would be more like what I was experiencing? Whether through choice or circumstance, the number of freelancers is rising and, if you’re just starting out, it is scary. I’ve been lucky that these women making money their own way shared key lessons about what it takes. You can’t feel half-hearted about what you do because, at some point, you’re going to have painful days. When that happens, you have to remember why you wanted this life in the first place. Don’t quit your job for something that you think might be more interesting, quit it for something you can’t stop thinking about. Setting up a business is tough. Rather than waiting until all is perfect, go for the moment when it feels as if momentum (势头) is with you. Look after yourself. There is no sick pay when you are self-employed. You can’t do a bad day’s work and blame it on your boss. You are the backbone of your business and you need to prioritize your health and well-being. Rest regularly and find like-minded people to support you and lift you up when things get hard. Finally, enjoy it. Freedom is yours and, if you can make it work, there is nothing better. 1. How did the author feel when she was self-employed in paragraph 1? A. Pleased. B. Challenged. C. Awful. D. Bored. 2. What bothered the author when winter came? A. Masses of freelance work. B. Failure to meet daily basics. C. The change in her own taste. D. The unexpected cold weather. 3. According to the author, why should we quit for a new job? A. To escape from the current pain. B. To satisfy our temporary interests. C. To pursue what we really desire. D. To explore where our strengths lie. 4. What’s the author’s probable attitude towards becoming freelancers? A. Unclear. B. Critical. C. Favorable. D. Cautious. 名校模拟04（2024·江苏南通·二模）Consciousness (意识) rises slowly, awakening with the dawn that brightens my room. Cool air clears my mind as I walk to the kitchen, where my husband is making his morning coffee. The fire he thoughtfully started is beginning to heat the living space. By my second cup, everyone is awake. After breakfast, we begin the busy work of a rural place. Chopping (砍) wood for the stove and clearing snow off steps and pathways. Our kids are big enough to be properly helpful and find joy in the work when everyone is doing it together. Then we take a walk through the fresh snow. We discover an amazing array of animals on display in the markings that they have left. After dinner, we play cards with a lot of energy and competitive interaction. Eventually, we’ll turn off the lights and with the fire crackling (噼啪作响), cuddle (拥抱) on the couch to watch the stars through the windows before heading off to bed. Weekends at the cabin (木屋) are magical. During the break, our family constantly balances the demands of work and school. I’m subject to my watch and alarm clock. But coming to the cabin on the weekend is like entering another world. Here, I don’t need to know what time it is-sunrise and sunset, hunger and chores set our schedule. The house and the woods around it are silent and dark, except for birdsong and the moon. Life seems less pressing, and it’s easier to live in the moment without distraction. When I get up the next morning, my son is already sitting in front of the fire, staring at the flames. I sit beside him, and he leans into me, sleepy and a bit sad. “What’s up?” I ask. “I just don’t want to go home yet. I like it better here.” I know what he means. I smile and put my arms around him. “Even when we’re home, this place is always here, where it’s quiet and safe, and everyone you love has time for you.” I don’t really mean the cabin, and I think he knows that. 1. What are paragraphs 1-3 mainly about? A. The reasons the family go to the cabin. B. The activities of the family at the cabin. C. The adventures of the family in the woods. D. The attitudes of the family to their cabin life. 2. Why does the author think weekends at the cabin are magical? A. She can reunite with her family. B. She enjoys the silence there most. C. She finds her life there more thrilling. D. She was not enslaved by tight schedules. 3. What does the cabin represent in the passage? A. A rural culture. B. An isolated life. C. A place of connection. D. An energetic interaction. 4. Which is the best title for the passage? A. Taking a Break B. A Weekend Picnic C. Embracing Our Life D. A Conscious Attempt 名校模拟05（2024·江苏南通·模拟预测）Robert was born on August 9, 1910 in the Netherlands. His mother came from a family of musicians and piano manufacturers, a fact that greatly influenced Robert’s life. His father was a physician in army, a position which required frequent foreign postings. The family stayed in various areas of East Asia for most of Robert’s youth. This experience contributed to his appreciation for cultures and mastery of several languages. Robert was a hardworking academic, collector of art and manuscripts, and translator of ancient writings. He studied and trained to become a master musician on the Chinese guqin, and eventually wrote two books on the instrument. Similarly, his skills as an artist in the traditional Chinese style and knowledge of calligraphy were unparalleled. He wrote and published a number of non-fiction, scholarly articles and books on Chinese music, art, and literature, as well as Chinese culture and folk legends. In 1940, Robert came across a little-known and anonymous (匿名的)18th-century Chinese novel that would take his career down an unplanned pathway and result in the public fame he never anticipated. The novel, titled Four Great Strange Cases of Empress Wu’s Reign, was a fictional account of the deeds of Judge Dee, one of the heroes of traditional Chinese detective fiction, and was set in the 7th-century Tang Dynasty. Fascinated, Robert not only translated the novel into English, he also did some research on the history of Chinese Penal Code and other legal literature of the period. It was not until 1949 that Robert was able to publish his translation —Dee Goong An: Three Murder Cases Solved by Judge Dee. Robert’s Chinese mysteries comprise over 10 novels and short-story volumes, recording the career of Chinese detective called Di Renjie. Interestingly, the tales first found fame in oriental (东方的)editions, before being translated into English in 1957. Through all the novels by Robert, he impressively brings to life the sights and sounds of daily Chinese life in the past. His passionate devotion and respect for the Chinese culture was never discounted, yet he also appreciated the purpose of fiction. 1. What inspired Robert’s love for oriental culture? A. His language competence. B. His previous stay in East Asia. C. His mother’s good family background. D. His father’s professional medical knowledge. 2. What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about? A. Robert’s passion for China. B. Robert’s music proficiency. C. Robert’s early achievements. D. Robert’s learning experiences. 3. What contributed to Robert’s fame? A. He introduced western civilization to China. B. He polished an existing Chinese fiction style. C. He spread Chinese literature to a wider audience. D. He conducted research on famous Chinese detectives. 4. Which of the following can best describe Robert’s translations? A. Vivid and faithful. B. Dramatic and realistic. C. Accurate and humorous. D. Imaginary and accessible. 名校模拟06（2024·江苏徐州·模拟预测）Over the years, Tibetan women have driven battle tanks, operated warships and served in missile units of the People’s Liberation Army. Now, Kelsang Pedron, 23 years old, has become the first Tibetan woman to fly a fighter jet. Born in the Xizang autonomous region, Kelsang Pedron was studying at the Beijing Tibet Middle School in 2017 when she heard that a senior student of the school had secured a place at the Air Force Aviation University to learn how to fly military aircraft. That precious information planted the seeds of what then seemed like an unattainable dream in the young girl’s mind. After all, no Tibetan woman had ever flown a military aircraft in China till then. “Becoming an Air Force pilot is glorious and I wanted to try so that I could safeguard the motherland’s blue skies. But flying appeared to be a distant dream for me, an ordinary girl, at that time.” Kelsang Pedron said, adding that it all changed when she saw China’s first two female astronauts, Liu Yang and Wang Yaping, on television. “I wanted to become as smart and cool as they are,” she recalled, adding that the female astronaut stories inspired her to pursue her dreams with courage and determination. Two years later, opportunity came knocking when her teacher announced that the PLA Air Force was recruiting female flight cadets (学员), and encouraged interested students to apply. An excited Kelsang Pedron immediately turned to her parents, seeking their permission and support. “My dad said yes without hesitation. He also encouraged me to bravely give it a shot,” she said. Kelsang Pedron passed all the tests. In August 2019, Kelsang Pedron reported at the Air Force Aviation University, becoming the first-ever Tibetan woman to start learning combat aircraft operation. “Now I have my wings,” the Tibetan woman said. “In the Tibetan language, Kelsang sometimes refers to a kind of a beautiful flower that represents the Tibetan people’s desire for happiness and luck. I will continue to train hard so I can fly above this nation to safeguard the people’s happiness and luck.” 1. What can we learn about Kelsang Pedron from the second paragraph? A. She used to serve on a warship. B. She enjoyed flying aircraft. C. She dreamed of being a pilot. D. She longed to study in Beijing. 2. What’s her aim to fly a fighter jet? A. Looking smart and cool. B. Becoming a female astronaut. C. Keeping the motherland safe. D. Satisfying her parents’ expectation. 3. Why did Kelsang mention the flower of Kelsang? A. To indicate her beauty. B. To express her resolution. C. To clarify her origin. D. To share her happiness. 4. Which is the most suitable title for the text? A. Tibetan woman makes history B. China’s First Air Force pilot C. Tibetan woman stands out D. China’s Tibetan female pilots 名校模拟07（2024·江苏扬州·模拟预测）Tessa Lidstone remembers the last meals she cooked before she had to close her restaurant Box-E for the first lockdown. “Everything was slipping away and beyond our control.” With the restaurant closed, Lidstone got to thinking about how other people might be coping. “I felt isolated,” she says, “but I was so lucky: I had my husband and kids with me. I thought about all the people without a support network and how awful it must be to not have contact with anyone.” Lidstone saw a callout from a collective of Bristol restaurants called the Bristol Food Union. They were looking for volunteers to help put together boxes of emergency food for the elderly living alone. “I’d love doing that to give my life purpose,” says Lidstone. “It was originally going to be for two weeks. But it just grew from there.” In her first week, Lidstone put together boxes for 100 people: pasta, bread and milk, but also fruit and vegetables. By the second week, she was organizing packages for 250 people. The government provided funding and most suppliers were more than willing to help. “They were so generous,” she says. “If I ordered milk, bread and butter, they’d donate fruit and vegetables as well. It meant I could make the money go further.” Lidstone put her restaurant training to good use, creating a weekly recipe card to go in each box. She also videoed herself making the meal and posted it online. “It was basic home cooking,” she says. By week three, Lidstone was thinking bigger: “If there were any birthdays coming up, I arranged something extra for the persons.” By then, the scale of Lidstone’s operation had become a bit overwhelming. Staff from the restaurant and Lidstone’s children helped out. In all, Lidstone and her team delivered 2,500 boxes over 16 weeks. “It’s easy to feel overwhelmed by a situation,” she said, “and think you can’t do anything alone. But work together and we’ll make a difference.” 1. Why did Lidstone respond to the appeal of the Bristol Food Union? A. To turn her restaurant Box-E from losses to profits. B. To make herself feel less isolated in the lockdown. C. To help lonely old people have access to free food. D. To realize her self-worth and make life meaningful. 2. What can be learned from paragraphs 4 to 6? A. Many suppliers helped offer her financial assistance. B. Lidstone provided tailored service for special occasions. C. The process of Lidstone’s work advanced as planned. D. Lidstone taught cooking from door to door in person. 3. Which word best describes the impact of Lidstone’s deeds? A. Far-reaching. B. Predictable. C. Short-lived. D. Unidentifiable. 4. What message do Lidstone’s words in the last paragraph suggest? A. Kindness can be passed on. B. Many hands make light work. C. One good turn deserves another. D. Actions speak louder than words. 名校模拟08（2024·江苏南京·二模）Emest Owusu was 13 in 1980 when he was given the opportunity to appear in the audience of a BBC show, and ask Thatcher how she felt about being called the Iron Lady. This encounter re-emerged in a BBC’s programme recently. At the time of their meeting, Owusu was on free school meals, living on a public estate in Brixton, south London, where he and his sister were being raised by their mother Rose, a struggling hairdresser. Now 57, Owusu looks remarkably similar even with a greying beard. But his life has been transformed. The father of three is a human resources director, and the first black captain of the Addington golf club in its 110-year history. As a black guy, it is about breaking the glass ceiling. Speaking in its clubhouse, Owusu describes his rise in social status (地位) as a “Thatcherite Journey”. And he says it began by asking the woman herself. “To this day it still has an impact. My confidence changed from that sliding-door moment. Something about her connected with me.” Thatcher told Owusu she enjoyed being called the Iron Lady. “I think it’s rather a praise, don’t you?” she said, “Because so often people have said to me if you’re in your job you’ve got to be soft and warm and human, but you’ve got to have a touch of steel.” Owusu recalls the moment, “I just remember her eye contact. She was answering me, not the camera. She welcomed the question saying you’ve got to be firm in this world. And that stuck with me.” After the show was broadcast, Owusu said he became “a little hero in Brixton for a good three months”. Owusu added, “It all gave me extra confidence. Doors might not have opened so quickly. It was one of those key moments to make you do things maybe you wouldn’t otherwise have done.” 1. What do we know about Owusu when he was 13? A. He met with Thatcher twice. B. He joined a famous golf club. C. He hosted a BBC’s programme. D. He lived at the bottom of society. 2. What do the underlined words “sliding-door moment” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Turning point. B. Important decision. C. Social status. D. Remarkable achievement. 3. Based on the text, what made a big difference to Owusu? A. Others’ treating him equally at work. B. Others’ voting him a hero in Brixton. C. Thatcher’s efforts to preserve his dignity. D. Thatcher’s faith in the necessity of toughness. 4. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A. The Art of Dialogue B. The Power of Confidence C. A Life-changing Meeting D. A Status-improving Tale 名校模拟09（2024·江苏宿迁·一模）I was surprised to find the congestion (拥塞) outside Layla’s primary school was unusually absent—I’d driven right into a parking space, and I was on time, for once. The school bell rang, and in a moment a stream of children made their way through the gate. But something was different—the kids were piling into vehicles in threes and fours. Before I could enquire my daughter Layla, Mr Trent, the deputy head, approached. “Mrs Pavis, did you not read our letter?” Letter? What letter? I had a history of not looking out for them, and not reading them in most cases. “The letter? Of course. It must have just slipped my mind—I’ve been away with work.” Now I was digging around in Layla’s messy schoolbag at home. Eventually, I found several letters, all addressing the same topic—parking outside the school gates. Apparently with some parents parking illegally, the police were about to get involved. “Why didn’t you give me these letters?” I demanded. Layla shrugged. “I forgot.” I was about to launch into a severe lecture when it occurred to me that I had always forgotten—I had forgotten to give Layla her money for cookery that morning and forgotten to hang out the kids’ washed clothes. I contained myself and figured out that they wanted the parents to car-pool (拼车). I spent the next half hour ringing round Layla’s friends’ parents, enquiring if they would like to car-pool with us. Unfortunately, they were all sorted. It was my own fault—I should have read those letters ages ago. “Er... I overheard others talking about it,” Layla said, “They said they didn’t know who would car-pool with us, because we’re always late.” I flushed instantly. We were a disorganised family, and I was the one to blame. I resolved to change. With responsibility for my kids, I find I am never, ever late. It’s good for Layla and for her older brothers, and it’s good for me, because now I never leave the house unprepared. I’ve even started checking the kids’ schoolbags for notes from school. 1. What did the author notice when the school was over? A. It was hard to find a parking space. B. Children were picked up in groups. C. Her daughter was absent from class. D. She arrived much earlier than others. 2. What stopped the author criticizing her daughter? A. The reflection of her daily routine. B. The realization of her carelessness. C. The knowledge of her kid’s character. D. The awareness of her kid’s depression. 3. Why did others refuse to car-pool with them according to Layla? A. Because they contacted them late. B. Because they failed to keep the house tidy. C. Because they couldn’t be on time. D. Because they ignored the school’s request. 4. What can we learn from the passage? A. Action creates motivation. B. Mother’s love never changes. C. It’s never too late to mend. D. Patience is the key to success. 名校模拟11（23-24高三下·江苏无锡·开学考试）About a decade ago, Lawson was at a beach in Virginia watching his kids build castles right next to the waves. “I kept trying to get them to come back because I thought it was a terrible idea,” he remarked. He wanted them to build their sandcastles closer to the dunes. But they found it more exciting to build right where the waves hit, seeing their sandcastles get destroyed, and then rebuilding them with whatever debris washed up from the ocean. “It seemed so symbolic, somehow, of how life works more than just building your perfect sandcastles,” said Lawson. When he decided to turn that sunny day into a children’s book, the idea came to just use pictures. “It seemed like it would work beautifully without words,” he said. A Day for Sandcastles is illustrated by Qin Leng. It’s the second wordless picture book for Lawson and Leng since 2021’s Over the Shop. Leng’s illustrations stay pretty true to real life. Three siblings spend the day building sandcastles and watching them get destroyed by a flying hat. “To me it’s a celebration of childhood and the simple joys of life. These are the things I like to capture,” said Leng. Leng spent part of her childhood in France, and she was inspired by European comic books. “What I love to do when I illustrate a picture book is add side stories to the main storyline. I always think about the readers and the longevity of the book, and I want them to be able to discover something new every time they revisit the book,” Leng explained. At the end of the day, the sleepy-eyed kids pile into the bus that will take them home. “Those last pages are some of my favorite. They capture that feeling like at the end of the day on the beach, when it’s getting dark and you feel completely exhausted,” Lawson said. It must be a universal childhood feeling: happy with sand, sticky from the salt, hot from the sun, and ready to fall asleep the moment you get into the car. 1. Why does Lawson mention the scene where the kids built sandcastles? A. To suggest a way to enjoy leisure. B. To remind readers of the childhood. C. To convince us of how life works. D. To tell us the inspiration for his book. 2. What do you know about the two books mentioned? A. They are purchased by kids universally. B. Readers can only find pictures in them. C. They carry no elements of comic books. D. The stories are literally works of fantasy. 3. How does Lawson feel when telling us the last pages in the last paragraph? A. Relieved. B. Pleased. C. Disturbed. D. Exhausted. 4. What can be a suitable title for the passage? A. Childhood in sandcastles B. Beautiful childhood memories C. Popular illustrated books D. Explore the mystery of nature 名校模拟11（2024·江苏南通·模拟预测）I was attacked by a tiger shark in late October 1997. It was near my home on the island of Kauai—a typical fall morning with friends. The waves were really good, so nothing was stopping us. That is until a large shark came right up under me and sank his teeth into my lower leg. There had been no splashing. no noise, and I felt no pain, only great pressure on my lower body. Then I followed my instinct: I punched the shark in the face, again and again which happens to be what the expert advice, until the shark released me. As I swam back into shore, I felt my lower right leg spasming(痉挛). When I looked down, I realized it was gone. The shark had bit my lower leg off. My friends rushed to my aid, and rushed me to hospital. It was another day before the “fog” lifted, at which point I opened my eyes and realized I was in the hospital—a below-the-knee amputee(截肢). For the next few bedridden weeks, I spent time with my family, and considered the future. As soon as I was given the OK by my doctors, I did what many of us might consider unthinkable: I started riding the waves again. In fact, my first time back was near the site of his attack. I was unshaken and curious—Was it because of the tides? The phase of the moon? I also recalled that the morning of the attack the water had a fishy smell. Was that what attracted the shark? I was determined to research sharks, and I did learn something that would change my life: Humans are far more dangerous to sharks than the other way around, I tell Reader’s Digest. “I watched a documentary called Sharkwater, and I learned about the demand for shark fin soup and the fact that 70 million sharks a year are killed for their fins alone.” My unique situation as a shark survivor empowered me to give sharks a voice. I began working with the Hawaii state legislature to help pass a ban on shark-derived products. I partnered with other like-minded shark attack survivors and marine biologists, and we headed to Washington to urge senators to create a nationwide bill protecting sharks. 1. What is mainly talked about in the first two paragraphs? A. The missing leg. B. The shark attack. C. The timely rescue. D. The expert’s advice. 2. Why did the author ride the waves again? A. To go on with his unshaken hobby. B. To figure out why he became a target. C. To keep track of the phase of the moon. D. To explore why the water had a fishy smell. 3. What did the author find after he recovered? A. Humans tend to ignore the dangers. B. Humans can’t survive without sharks. C. Sharks pose a greater threat to humans D. Sharks are in urgent need of protection. 4. What does author imply in the last paragraph? A. He is speaking in favor of sharks. B. He argues against the bill about sharks. C. There is widespread doubt about sharks. D. People should give sharks a preference. 名校模拟12（2024·江苏连云港·一模）Rita Moreno is one of the very few performers to EGOT: to win an Emmy, a Grammy, an Oscar and a Tony award. But come a little closer, and Moreno’s is another kind of immigrant (移民的) story. She was a teen when MGM (米高梅电影公司) signed her in the 1950s. Major studios were still dominated by the men who’d run them for decades. They had her change her name. While recognizing her talent, they didn’t know what to do with a Latin girl. Moreno played small parts, including a girl from India and a Burmese (缅甸的) woman. What should have been her big break came when she was cast as Anita in West Side Story. She’d remember Anita as “the very first Hispanic (西班牙的) character I had ever played who had dignity, a sense of self-respect. She became my role model. ” The night Moreno won the Oscar, the Hispanic community across the USA broke out into cheers. But that career turn didn’t happen. Instead, she received more offers to play what she described as “dusky servants”. The racial and ethnic prejudice was still at play. “It broke my heart, ”she says. Rita Moreno didn’t make another movie for seven years. Then began her new act. Holding to her mother’s philosophy — Never give in, never quit, keep on moving — she survived professionally during those years with work on the London stage and in nightclubs, slowly reemerging on film and television, and eventually she earned herself a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame and the Peabody Career Achievement Award. But even as she continues to perform, her work continues off the screen, speaking out for and representing the Latin community. “I’m now known as la pionera, or the pioneer,” Moreno says. “I really don’t think of myself as a role model. But it turns out that I am, to a lot of the Hispanic community. Not just in show business, but in life. But that’s what happens when you’re first, right?” 1. What do we know about Moreno in Paragraph 2? A. She was an actress contracted with MGM. B. She had her future well-planned for her talent. C. She was treated as a Hispanic girl with dignity. D. She won the Oscar for acting a Burmese woman. 2. Why didn’t Moreno make movies for seven years after winning the Oscar? A. She did not receive any film offers. B. She rejected roles of racial prejudice. C. She was tired of performing on the stage. D. She focused on her stage career in nightclubs. 3. Which of the following can best describe Moreno? A. Generous and brave. B. Kind and grateful. C. Honest and trustworthy. D. Tough and determined. 4. What can we learn from Moreno’s words in the last paragraph? A. She prefers to be a role model in show business. B. She is unhappy with what happened to an actress. C. She makes a difference to the Hispanic community. D. She feels pressured about being a Hispanic pioneer. 名校模拟12（23-24高二下·江苏南京·期末）On November 2, 2021, my friend Lou messaged me with a challenge: “Amy and I are not buying any new clothes for a year…” My immediate reply was, “Definitely!” This might not be what people who know me would expect. As a child, I once invited a girl to my birthday party just because I had seen her in a beautiful dress. My love for fashion has continued into adulthood. However, I am also aware of the significant issues in the fashion industry: it’s highly polluting. There’s also the problem of waste, with the West often dumping (丢弃) unwanted clothing in other regions. So, when the invitation appeared, it seemed like the perfect opportunity to reset my relationship with clothes. The year pushed me to embrace better habits. I've always enjoyed looking for second-hand items, but when my only pair of trainers broke in an unfixable way, I urgently needed a replacement. The Vinted app helped me find one almost as quickly as buying new. I put more effort into making clothes. You quickly realize the labor involved once you start making shorts by yourself. Besides, removing the ease of buying new pushed me towards fixing instead, though a low point was taking a much-loved pair of shoes to a cobbler (修鞋匠), only to be told it’d be “cheaper to buy new”. Even though the year is officially over, I’m hoping to carry on with what I’ve learned. I’m trying to consume less overall, with a one in, one out’ rule with clothes. I’ve been noting down what clothes I wear each day, and whether I get 30 wears out of it (said to be the amount of times necessary to balance out the carbon emissions (排放) created to make a piece of clothing). These approaches are what work for me. But there are loads of different ways to do a fashion challenge. How useful, challenging, or appealing an approach sounds will vary from individual to individual. Whatever you do, roping in friends is recommended. They keep you motivated; they can also share ideas, and possibly clothes! 1. Why did the author accept the challenge of not buying clothes for one year? A. She accepted the challenge to satisfy her friend. B. She was concerned about the threat of fashion industry. C. She thought this would solve the problem of pollution. D. She had had enough of her deep connection with fashion. 2. How did the author feel when told it would be “cheaper to buy new”? A. Shocked. B. Discouraged. C. Frightened. D. Confused. 3. What does the number “30” in paragraph 6 mean? A. The author has been sticking to a 30-item clothing limit. B. A piece of clothing of good quality can be worm at least 30 times. C. The author would wear a piece of clothing 30 times for environmental reasons. D. If a piece of clothing was worn 30 times, no carbon emission would be produced. 4. What is paragraph 7 mainly about? A. Suggestions the author gives to readers. B. The role of friends in achieving success. C. Uniqueness of the author's own experience. D. The change in the way the author views fashion. 名校模拟13（23-24高二下·江苏淮安·期末）My senior year at Westfield High School was supposed to be the best year of my life. Instead,  it turned into a lesson about friendship that I would never forget. My best friend, Emily, and I had been inseparable since middle school. But as graduation approached, the stress of exams and college applications began to weigh heavily on us. Emily and I became distant. I was focused on getting into a top university, while Emily was more interested in enjoying our last year together. Our differing goals led to disagreements, and soon enough, we started to argue over the smallest things. One day, things reached a boiling point. We had a huge fight over a group project. Days turned into weeks, and our friendship seemed beyond repair. We avoided each other at school and stopped sitting together at lunch. Our friends tried to help, but neither of us was willing to make the first move. The silence between us was deafening, and I missed her more than I wanted to admit. It wasn’t until our English teacher assigned us to work together on a final presentation that we were forced to confront each other. At first, we worked in tense silence. But as we spent more time together, the ice began to melt. One evening, as we were finishing up our project, Emily broke the silence. “I miss us,” she said softly. “I miss you, too,” I admitted, feeling a lump in my throat. “I’m sorry for being so hard on you. I just wanted everything to be perfect.” “I’m sorry too,” Emily replied. “I should have been more understanding. We’re both stressed, but we shouldn’t let it ruin our friendship.” We hugged, and at that moment, it felt like a weight had been lifted off my shoulders. On the graduation day, we stood side by side, proud of what we had accomplished and grateful to each other. The experience made our bond stronger, and we knew that no matter where life took us, we would always be there for each other. 1. What caused the initial tension between the author and Emily? A. Conflicts over college applications. B. Differences in academic performance. C. Varied priorities about their final year. D. Different approaches to their group project. 2. What made them restore their friendship? A. Their friends’ assistance. B. A school teacher’s intervention. C. Working on a school project together. D. Taking a timely break from each other. 3. How did the author feel after making up with Emily? A. Anxious. B. Relieved. C. Stressed. D. Uncertain. 4. Which of the following suits the story best? A. A friend is easier lost than found. B. A friend in need is a friend indeed. C. True friendship can stand the test of disagreements. D. Friendship, once broken, will never be the same again. 名校模拟15（23-24高二下·江苏宿迁·期末）After having her second child, 35-year-old Eman Wagdy Selim felt that she had a bigger purpose in life. Although her background was in language and translation, the young Egyptian woman, with her husband’s support, had an idea to create a platform called AI Faraza to provide high-quality fruits and vegetables at competitive prices. After listing 150 products, the platform began offering meat and cheese as well through start-up companies. In 2019, Eman developed the project further into an app that allowed Egyptian women and other small-business owners who sold homemade meals, as well as local farmers, to bring their products to a wider audience. Today, AI Faraza, an Egyptian word that refers to careful and attentive selection, supports Egyptian women in particular, providing them with job opportunities and income to secure decent lives for themselves and their families. They also have access to training opportunities to learn how to best prepare, market and sell homemade food to customers in Egypt through the app. Eman’s idea only became a reality after she heard about the One Million Arab Coders Initiative, which provides online training courses to help Arab youth build and master coding skills so they can pursue jobs in digital technologies and develop their own high-tech projects. She enrolled in the Initiative’s Data Analysis track, where she learned how to transform data into successful ideas. Gaining these skills was a vital step towards the success of AI Faraza, and Eman is proud of the personal growth and achievements she has experienced thanks to the Initiative. Overjoyed at the success of her project, Eman says, “AI Faraza has helped change the lives of 800 Egyptian women, and we will continue to grow and develop our project. We promise that we will expand the app’s reach to be accessible to all Egyptian women, wherever they are, so that we can grow together as one team.” 1. What is the initial purpose of ‘AI Faraza’? A. To fulfil her life purpose. B. To offer cost-effective goods. C. To improve Egyptian women’s status. D. To help the locals promote their products. 2. How did Eman help Egyptians? A. By funding locals to expand businesses. B. By providing a platform to increase income. C. By donating daily necessities to secure decent lives. D. By spreading professional knowledge to support them. 3. What plays a crucial role in the success of the project? A. Her optimism for the project. B. The training courses to land jobs. C. The skills acquired in the Initiative. D. Her background in language and translation. 4. Which of the following can best describe Eman? A. Responsible and modest. B. Ambitious and diligent. C. Honest and determined. D. Caring and enterprising. 名校模拟16（23-24高二下·江苏苏州·期末）My mom was admitted to the ICU. I got the news 10 minutes before I was scheduled to be interviewed for a higher position. It was unprofessionally last minute to cancel. But I knew I couldn’t give it my full attention. So, I emailed to explain. The program office r replied immediately, urging me to focus on my family. “The overall goal over the coming weeks is to just be a good daughter,” she said. “We can wait.” Since my mother’s cancer diagnosis (诊断), she has overcome many obstacles, for which we are incredibly grateful. But as the years passed and I mixed my caregiving role with my professional responsibilities, I found myself increasingly falling short at work. I was missing events because I was with her for treatments. I didn’t apply to training because I couldn’t focus. I was making silly mistakes, forgetting things and asking for extensions. I feared I was letting down my colleagues. But in time, I came to feel I was in the right place. As it happens, my research is in a field seeking to assess and improve health care. With my mother’s illness, I suddenly went from studying it in a removed way to being completely, heartbreakingly in the middle of it. Besides the helplessness, stress, and sadness, I found I just couldn’t turn off my research brain, studying her care and texting colleagues with ideas, which reassured me that even though I was currently only giving my career about 50% of attention, I was more engaged than ever with my scientific questions. I also learned that some good could come from allowing the boundaries between my work and life to blur (模糊). I received empathy, understanding and kindness from my program officer and colleagues. I learned how being weak brought out the best in people. I no longer try to predict what will happen next. Instead, I try to focus on my newfound appreciation for the things like friendship, connection, and sometimes unexpected support. And although I sometimes miss the clean boundaries I used to have, I’ve learned to embrace the blurriness. 1. What can be learned from the first paragraph? A. The author missed an important interview. B. The author gave up her job due to her mother. C. The author failed to get promoted to be a professor. D. The author was blamed for her absence from an interview. 2. How does the author contribute to the work now? A. By writing papers. B. By entirely working remotely. C. By working as a social worker. D. By providing first-hand resources. 3. Which of the following might the author agree with? A. Roses given, fragrance in hand. B. Every cloud has a silver lining. C. What a man needs most is appreciation. D. When all else is lost, the future still remains. 4. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Empathy, why do I value? B. Work and life, how do I balance? C. Medical research, why do I care? D. Family or career, which do I choose? 名校模拟17（23-24高二下·江苏南通·期末）At 67, Margaret Bending performed her first professional show. Taking to the stage in February 2020, Bending launched into a dance and theatre piece accompanied by those all aged over 60. “I was terrified but as soon as we got going, I realized that this was what I had been looking for,” she says. “Moving my body and being surrounded by all these wonderful performers, I felt completely liberated.” Growing up in 1960s Lincolnshire, Bending’s first love was space exploration. Determined to make it into space after witnessing Yuri Gagarin’s Vostok 1 flight as a seven-year-old in 1961, Bending went on to do a PhD at Leicester University and began working at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology on rocket launches. By 1990, she’d had her first child and decided to pause her career to homeschool. Over the next two decades, she homeschooled her other three children until, in 2015, her youngest son departed for university and she found herself with an empty nest at her North Yorkshire home. “It felt as if I was done with working and parenting so it was now time for a new chapter to begin,” she says. Looking back on her childhood hobbies for inspiration during retirement. Bending landed on one memory. “When I was 14 or 15, I played the part of Anitra in a school production and I loved it,” she says. “I remember the joy of dancing.” Bending began researching local performance courses and landed on Leeds Playhouse’s Heydays programme. Every Wednesday morning, she would attend half-day workshops on everything from reading plays aloud to dancing salsa and improvisation (即兴表演) . Now 71, Bending has since become so fond of stage work that in 2023 she performed her own one-woman show, The Story of a Rocket Scientist, dramatising her career to an audience of 80 people. She has also more recently become a paid member of the Performance Ensemble, facilitating community outreach programmes to encourage older people to try their hand at taking part in performance. “The whole experience has been exciting, and it’s made me so much more confident,” she says. “People stop seeing you as an individual in your 60s but by getting on stage we can show the world that we still have things to say, experiences to share and a future to work towards.” 1. How did Bending view her first professional show? A. It was far from perfect. B. It would bring her fame. C. It would improve her fitness. D. It gave her a sense of freedom. 2. What inspired Bending to take up performing? A. A teenage encounter. B. A space flight broadcast. C. Her homeschooling experience. D. Her long-held dream. 3. What do we know about The Story of a Rocket Scientist? A. It had a high box office. B. It is starred by famous actors. C. It is about Bending’s experience. D. It has attracted more seniors to the show. 4. What message does the text intend to convey? A. Rome was not built in a day. B. One is never too old to start. C. Many hands make light work. D. Actions speak louder than words. 名校模拟18（23-24高二下·江苏南京·期末）I remember the day Dad first took the violin home, and gathered my mother and me in the living room. If my thin smile didn’t match his smile, it was because I had prayed for a guitar or a piano. Then Dad announced that I would start lessons the following week. One day, I found a violin case. “It’s your father’s.” Mom said. “His parents bought it for him. He got too busy on the farm to play it.” Shortly after, my lessons began with Mr. Zelli. Confirmed I got fine for the first lesson, Dad glowed with hope. Though ordered to practice half an hour every day for a concert, I tried to get out of it. My future seemed to be without playing ball. Sometimes I could hear my friends outside playing heated games. “I don’t want to play a solo,” I shouted to my father. “You didn’t get to play your violin when you were a kid. So why should I?” Dad pointed at me, “Because you can bring people joy. You can touch their hearts. That’s a gift I won’t let you throw away.” He added softly, “Someday you’ll have the chance I never had: you will play the beautiful music for your family. And you’ll understand why you’ve worked so hard.” I had rarely heard Dad speak with such feeling about anything. From then on, I practiced without my parents’ making me. Finally, I finished my solo performing without a mistake. After the concert Mom and Dad came backstage. The way they walked — heads high, faces flushed — I knew they were pleased. As the years went by, I had my own family. I brought the violin to my home and put it in the attic. There it remained a dusty memory, until one afternoon many years later, my two children discovered it by accident. When I opened the case, they urged, “Play it, play it.” Surprised, I found my skills hadn’t rusted away. Soon the kids were dancing in circles and giggling. Even my wife Terri was laughing and clapping to the beat. I finally knew what it meant to work hard and sacrifice for others. Dad had been right: the most precious gift is to touch the hearts of those who you love. It took me almost 30 years to discover the legacy. 1. What’s the author’s first reaction to the violin? A. He smiled and treasured it. B. He was not ready to accept it. C. He disbelieved it. D. He was keen on it. 2. Which of the following can best describe my Dad’s personality? A. Wise and persistent. B. Mean and stubborn. C. Rich and wasteful. D. Reluctant and odd. 3. When did the author understand his father’s message of playing the instrument? A. Before the solo performance. B. With his companions’ tease. C. With his parents’ growing old. D. With his children’s discovery of the instrument. 4. What’s the main idea of the passage? A. The hard way to becoming a musician. B. Losing and getting the sense of music. C. Delighting loved ones is what music is about. D. Music is the cure for pain. 名校模拟19（23-24高二下·江苏徐州·期末）Over the years, as I dealt with the pressure of finishing my Ph. D. and starting my post-doctor, I had grown more competitive. I pushed myself to be t ho first to generate thrilling results and to publish in high-impact journals. Those who could have been collaborators (合作者) became rivals I hated. But the effect of this competitive character was exactly the opposite of what I had hoped for. When I encountered scientific problems, I thought I had to solve them myself instead of asking for help. The pressure became overwhelming. I began to feel alone and lost. I became less and less productive. I emailed my mentors (导师), explaining that I had put myself second and the job first for too long. They told me that I wasn’t the first academic to feel that way, and that I wouldn’t be the last. They agreed that I should take the time I needed to take care of myself. So, with my mentors’ support and an uncertain future, I left. Back home, I spent time with family and friends and opened up about my struggles. At first, I was ashamed. But the more I talked about my demons, the more other people told me about their own. I also started to receive emails from my workmates. After a few lines asking how I was, many expressed worries about how they were managing the stress of academic life. Vulnerable (脆弱的) researchers were poking their heads out of their shells. Our relationships deepened. I began to feel less alone. Three months later, I was prepared to go back to the science that I loved, and I now had a foundation to be more open with my colleagues. I understood that we all struggle sometimes, and that collaboration can be more powerful than competition. With a bit of time, collaboration has replaced competition. Working with others and seeking help doesn’t weaken my value or contributions; it means we can all win. I no longer feel lonely and unhappy. 1. How did the author feel after adopting a competitive approach? A. Empowered and successful. B. Overwhelmed and isolated. C. Motivated and productive. D. Ashamed and annoyed. 2. Why did the writer take a break? A. He was always the last. B. He needed some time to readjust. C. He got serious homesick. D. He failed to care about himself. 3. What does the underlined phrase mean? A. Trying to be open with others. B. Starting to walk out regularly. C. Being more confident in research. D. Tending to be happier than ever. 4. Which can be the most suitable title for the passage? A. From competition to cooperation B. From selfishness to selflessness C. From problems to solutions D. From uncertainty to certainty 名校模拟20（23-24高二下·江苏泰州·期末）Sia was 13 when she noticed the barefoot children of workers at a construction site. “Their feet were bare. Hard. Dirty. Bleeding.” reflects Sia. “They were just walking around just as it was an everyday practice.” It was then that Sia realized their lives were so different from hers. Sia went back home and saw shoes piled up high — many of which hadn’t been worn for months. Then she rushed to distribute them to the children she saw at the building site. Later that year, with the help of her parents and community volunteers, Sia founded Sole Warriors, a charity committed to providing shoes to those in need, whose motto is: “Donate a sole(鞋), save a soul.” The idea quickly grew. After she spread the word with posters, enquiries from people who wanted to help came flooding in. Now in its fifth year, the organization collects used shoes, refurbishes(翻新) it and donates the finished products to people in need. That need is endless. In the world, an estimated 300 million people can’t afford shoes. Of the nearly 24 billion shoes made every year, shockingly more than 90 percent end up in dustbins. In its first distribution, Sole Warriors collected and gave out 700 pairs of shoes. Today that number rises to 28,000 across four countries. But the organization’s growth met with many challenges. When it came to looking for a company that would do the refurbishments free of charge, Sia faced one barrier after another before finding a partner. “Being a 13-year-old, I did face a lot of prejudice because people were less willing to hear what I say.” says Sia. In recognition of her great influence, Sia was given the Diana Award in 2021. It’s one of the most remarkable honors a young person can receive for social action. But her work isn’t done. “Our goal has always been to touch a million feet,” she says. 1. Why does the author mention Sia’s visit to a construction site? A. To display Sia’s generosity. B. To arouse readers’ sympathy. C. To show the life of construction workers. D. To explain why Sia started Sole Warriors. 2. How does Sole Warriors offer help? A. By urging governments to make joint efforts. B. By donating refurbished shoes to those in need. C. By collecting second-hand shoes from dustbins. D. By searching for companies to make new shoes for free. 3. What difficulty did Sia have in developing the organization? A. Their donation couldn’t meet people’s demand. B. The process of refurbishment was too complicated. C. Her request was rejected by quite a few companies. D. Few people were willing to give away their old shoes. 4. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. Being a socialist is Sia’s dream. B. The Diana Award is awarded annually. C. Sia felt totally satisfied with her social action. D. Sia would not stop her work with Sole Warriors. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025届高考英语名校模拟真题速递(江苏专用) 专题02【5•1】阅读理解之记叙文讲练测 （5年高考真题5篇+1年江苏名校模拟20篇）解析版 目录 5年高考真题细目 1 满分作答解题妙招 1 5年高考真题演练5篇 3 1年江苏名校模拟20篇 11 ( 5 年 高考 真题考点细目 ) 2020-2024江苏高考考点细目（阅读理解记叙文） 卷别 词数 主题 话题 典型题 2024新课标I卷 304+127 人与自然 介绍针灸医疗用于动物初见成效 26段落大意题 2023新课标I卷 341+134 人与自然 利用自我修复的原理来净化污水 26意图推断题 2022新课标I卷 344+133 人与社会 介绍为解决食物零浪费采取措施 27项目建议题 2021新课标I卷 326+106 人与自我 介绍钢琴演奏者翻页师趣味故事 26项目评价题 2020新课标I卷 318+137 人与自我 妈妈克服困难拿到大学文凭故事 27故事寓意题 ( 记叙 文 满分 作答解题 妙招 ) 一、题型解读 记叙文是以写人、记事、状物为主要内容，以记叙和描写为表达方式的文章。一篇记叙文，无论长短都应该是一个完全独立的事实，描写人物、地点、事件和过程，表达作者的某种情感。主要具有以下特点：内容上，记叙文应该包括六要素，即：时间、地点、人物、起因、经过和结果。可以按事件发生的时间顺序写，也可以按事件发生的先后写。命题上，主要集中在多个事件的先后顺序与人物的情感态度上。选材上，新颖、生动、真实、典型的素材描写，让读者有身临其境的感觉。形式上，顺叙、倒叙、插叙。语言上，一般过去时为主，各种时态为辅，合理使用丰富多彩的谓语动词时态是英语记叙文首要的语言特征；多用动词，尤其是动态强的行为动词是英语记叙文又一个明显的语言特征。 二、体裁结构 1.记叙文的开头通常交代事件的背景，即事件发生的时间、地点、有关人物等内容。2.记叙文的展开（中间）通常以人物活动的时间顺序、空间位置变换、事件发生的顺序或人物的主次性格特征为行文线索。3.记叙文的结尾通常是依照事件的发生、发展和结局这样一个自然的顺序来结尾。 三、写作意图 1.讲述故事 ( tell / narrate / relate a story) 2.分享经验  (share an experience) 3.纪念人物 (remember a person) 4.阐明道理 (communicate an idea / convey a message) 四、解题策略 1.关注细节  记叙文中有大量的事件发展过程中的细节，包括记叙文的5W（what, who, when, where, why）要素。因此我们作答细节题的时候，就没有那么复杂，一般只需要由前到后，从上到下，一题一题地做就可以了。  2.注重联系  在做题过程中，我们大都不能在文中找到与题干一字不差的词语或句子。这时我们需要认真研究问题，抓住题干中的关键词语，然后到文中准确地找到与之相关的语句，或是疑似语句的位置，接着去左顾，或右盼，在前句或后句寻找线索。  3.读懂表象 主旨大意题或推理判断、作者意图题等实际上是同一类型的问题，或者说是可用同种方法解答的题型。在解答此类题目的时候，不可被题干的表象所迷惑，要像剥洋葱一样，一层一层地剥；在四个可选项中，一个一个地去证实，去排除。特别是解答推论或暗指类的题目，比如“What can be inferred from …?”或是What does the author imply in…?”之类的题目，文中所陈述的往往不是答案。我们要在文前文后去查找，在字里行间里去寻觅。有时还少不了借助自己的生活经验和常理来体会这言外之意。  4.挖掘意义  每年的高考阅读题中，特别是记叙文的阅读题，都会出现一至两道词义猜测题。而这些词汇往往是你素昧平生的，或者和你有点头之交，在文中却另有新意的，总之，猜的是那些在高考词汇表要求之外的词汇。小小的一个词，一个短语，考核的不是你的语法的熟练程度，也不是你的记忆力，而是你对文章通篇或者一个段落的整体把握和变通能力。 五、记叙文主旨概括题 1.首段法：首段主旨句；转折词后；破折号后 2.核心名词法：核心名词在文章中高频出现。可是“原词”或“同义词”不断曝光。 3.合并法：整合各段落大意，整合各段落首段信息 4.首位呼应法：整合首段和尾端信息 六、记叙文细节理解题 1.划出题干，选项关键词； 2.回忆文章结构，定位具体段落； 3.理解细节内容，最后找出答案； 4.正确选项的特征：原词复现/同义词、近义词替换；语言高度凝练概括。 七、实用答题妙招 1.阅读理解记叙文细节理解题居多，落实“题文同序”和“同义替换”。 2.数据计算题注重“原文定位”“细节理解”，弄清来龙去脉再计算。 3.文章寓意题要注意言外之意，尤其是首尾段做出合理推测判断。 4.人物性格描述题注意捕捉原文褒贬性词汇再进行同义替换和排除。 5.满分策略：读题干→找原文→做标记→留痕迹→看选项→扣字眼。 ( 5 年 高考 真题 演练 ) 真题演练01 (2024新课标I卷) “I am not crazy,” says Dr. William Farber, shortly after performing acupuncture (针灸) on a rabbit. “I am ahead of my time.” If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods. But Farber is certain he’ll have the last laugh. He’s one of a small but growing number of American veterinarians (兽医) now practicing “holistic” medicine – combining traditional Western treatments with acupuncture, chiropractic (按摩疗法) and herbal medicine. Farber, a graduate of Colorado State University, started out as a more conventional veterinarian. He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain. He tried muscle-relaxing drugs but found little relief. Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments. What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients. So, after studying the techniques for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets. Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition. After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months. And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse, Nappy, “moves more easily and rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic adjustment. Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700. “Sometimes it surprises me that it works so well,” he says. “I will do anything to help an animal. That’s my job.” 24. What do some of Farber’s coworkers think of him? A. He’s odd. B. He’s strict. C. He’s brave. D. He’s rude. 25. Why did Farber decide to try acupuncture on pets? A. He was trained in it at university. B. He was inspired by another veterinarian. C. He benefited from it as a patient. D. He wanted to save money for pet owners. 26. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. Steps of a chiropractic treatment. B. The complexity of veterinarians’ work. C. Examples of rare animal diseases. D. The effectiveness of holistic medicine. 27. Why does the author mention the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association? A. To prove Farber’s point. B. To emphasize its importance. C. To praise veterinarians. D. To advocate animal protection. 【答案】24. A 25. C 26. D 27. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述兽医威廉·法伯(William Farber)博士在从针灸中受益后，将综合医疗应用于动物，并取得了初步成效。 24.细节理解题。根据第一段的“If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods.( 如果他看起来有点自卫，那可能是因为他的一些同事偶尔会嘲笑他不寻常的方法。) ”可知，Farber的同事们有时会嘲笑他不寻常的方法，他们认为他很奇怪。故选A。 25.细节理解题。根据第二段的“Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments. What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients. So, after studying the techniques for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets.(然后，他尝试了针灸，这是一种古老的中国疗法，并惊讶地发现，经过两三次治疗，他的病情有所好转。对兽医有效的方法似乎对他的病人也有效。因此，在研究了这些技术几年后，他开始把它们提供给宠物。)”可知，Farber作为患者从针灸中受益，这促使他决定尝试在宠物上使用针灸。故选C。 26.主旨大意题。根据第三段内容“Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition. After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months. And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse, Nappy, “moves more easily and rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic adjustment.(利·廷代尔的狗查理患有严重的心脏病。廷代尔说，查理心脏病发作后，她准备让他进入睡眠状态，但法伯的治疗大大减轻了她的狗的痛苦，她能够让它多活五个月。普里西拉·杜因(Priscilla Dewing)报告说，她的马纳皮(Nappy)经过脊椎按摩调整后，“行动更容易，乘车更舒服”。) ”可知，本段主要讲述了两个例子，一个是Farber通过整体医学方法帮助了患有严重心脏病的狗Charlie，另一个是马Nappy在接受脊椎按摩治疗后移动和骑行更为舒适。这些例子都是为了说明整体医学的有效性。故选D。 27.推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容“Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700. ( 法伯确信，随着时间的推移，综合疗法会越来越受欢迎，如果过去有任何迹象的话，他可能是对的:自1982年以来，美国综合兽医协会的会员已经从30个增加到700多个。)”可知，法伯认为综合疗法会越来越受欢迎，随后作者列举了美国综合兽医协会的会员已经从30个增加到700多个的例子，因此推断美国整体兽医协会是为证明法伯的观点。故选A。 真题演练02 (2023新课标I卷) When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making. After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine. The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge. He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water. Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse — like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China. “Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor,” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.” 24. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs? A. He was fond of traveling. B. He enjoyed being alone. C. He had an inquiring mind. D. He longed to be a doctor. 25. Why did John put the sludge into the tanks? A. To feed the animals. B. To build an ecosystem. C. To protect the plants. D. To test the eco-machine. 26. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou? A. To review John’s research plans. B. To show an application of John’s idea. C. To compare John’s different jobs. D. To erase doubts about John’s invention. 27. What is the basis for John’s work? A. Nature can repair itself. B. Organisms need water to survive. C. Life on Earth is diverse. D. Most tiny creatures live in groups. 【答案】24. C 25. D 26. B 27. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了John Todd从小就很爱思考且好学，他建造了一个生态机器，利用自然可以自我修复的原理来净化污水。 24.细节理解题。根据第一段“When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making. (当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索房子周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。例如，一条肮脏的小溪流经植物和微小生物居住的岩石后，往往会变得清澈。长大后，约翰开始思考这个过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的混乱)”以及第二段“After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? (在大学学习了农业、医学和渔业之后，约翰又回到了观察自然和提出问题的生活中。为什么某些植物能捕获有害细菌？哪些鱼类会食用致癌化学物质？)”可知，约翰聪颖好学、好奇心很强。故选C。 25.细节理解题。根据第三段“After a few weeks, John added the sludge. (几个星期后，约翰把污泥加了进去)”以及倒数第三段“He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water. (他对结果感到惊讶。生态机器里的动植物把污泥当成了食物，开始吃了起来！几周之内，它就被消化了，只剩下纯净水)”可知，约翰把污泥放进罐子里是为了测试生态机器。故选D。 26.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse — like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China. (这些年来，约翰承担了许多重大工作。他开发了一个类似温室的设施，可以处理来自南伯灵顿1600户家庭的污水。他还设计了一种生态机器来清洁中国东南部城市福州的运河水)”可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示约翰想法的应用。故选B。 27.推理判断题。根据最后一段“You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair. (你把生物体放在新的关系中，观察会发生什么。然后让这些新系统自行发展自我修复的方式)”可知，约翰工作的基础是自然可以自我修复。故选A。 真题演练03 (2022新课标I卷) Like most of us, I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste. The arugula (芝麻菜)was to make a nice green salad, rounding out a roast chicken dinner. But I ended up working late. Then friends called with a dinner invitation. I stuck the chicken in the freezer. But as days passed, the arugula went bad. Even worse, I had unthinkingly bought way too much; I could have made six salads with what I threw out. In a world where nearly 800 million people a year go hungry, “food waste goes against the moral grain,” as Elizabeth Royte writes in this month’s cover story. It’s jaw-dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away — from “ugly” (but quite eatable) vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans. Producing food that no one eats wastes the water, fuel, and other resources used to grow it. That makes food waste an environmental problem. In fact, Royte writes, “if food waste were a country, it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world.” If that’s hard to understand, let’s keep it as simple as the arugula at the back of my refrigerator. Mike Curtin sees my arugula story all the time — but for him, it's more like 12 bones of donated strawberries nearing their last days. Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington, D.C., which recovers food and turns it into healthy meals. Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished (有瑕疵的) produce that otherwise would have rotted in fields. And the strawberries? Volunteers will wash, cut, and freeze or dry them for use in meals down the road. Such methods seem obvious, yet so often we just don’t think. “Everyone can play a part in reducing waste, whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won’t eat,” Curtin says. 24. What does the author want to show by telling the arugula story? A. We pay little attention to food waste. B. We waste food unintentionally at times. C. We waste more vegetables than meat. D. We have good reasons for wasting food. 25. What is a consequence of food waste according to the test? A. Moral decline. B. Environmental harm. C. Energy shortage. D. Worldwide starvation. 26. What does Curtin’s company do? A. It produces kitchen equipment. B. It turns rotten arugula into clean fuel. C. It helps local farmers grow fruits. D. It makes meals out of unwanted food. 27. What does Curtin suggest people do? A. Buy only what is needed. B. Reduce food consumption. C. Go shopping once a week. D. Eat in restaurants less often. 【答案】24. B25. B26. D27. A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了我们日常生活中的食物浪费现象以及华盛顿DC中央厨房的首席执行官科廷为解决食物浪费而采取的努力。 24. B。推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Like most of us, I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste.(像我们大多数人一样，我努力关注那些被浪费的食物)”及“But as days passed, the arugula went bad. Even worse, I had unthinkingly bought way too much; could have made six salads with what I threw out.(但随着时间的推移，芝麻菜变坏了。更糟糕的是，我不假思索地买了太多东西；我扔掉的东西可以做六份沙拉)”可推知，作者想通过讲述芝麻菜的故事来表明我们有时会无意间浪费食物。故选B。 25. B。细节理解题。根据第三段“Producing food that no one eats wastes the water, fuel, and other, resources used to grow it. That makes food waste an environmental problem. In fact, Royte writes, “if food waste were a country, it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world.”(生产没人吃的食物会浪费用于种植食物的水、燃料和其他资源。这使得食物浪费成为一个环境问题。事实上，罗伊特写道，“如果食物浪费是一个国家，它将是世界上第三大温室气体排放国。”)”可知，根据文中的说法，浪费食物的一个后果是对环境的危害。故选B。 26. D。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington. D.C., which recovers food and turns it into healthy meals. Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished (有瑕疵的) produce, that otherwise would have rotted in fields. And the strawberries? Volunteers will wash, cut, and freeze or dry them for use in meals down the road.(科廷是华盛顿DC中央厨房的首席执行官，该公司把食物复原，变成健康的食物。去年，该组织通过接受捐赠和收集有瑕疵的农产品，收回了超过807500磅的食物，否则这些农产品就会在地里腐烂。草莓呢？志愿者们将清洗、切割、冷冻或干燥它们，以便在路上的餐食中使用)”可知，科廷的公司用人们不想要的食物重新制作食物。故选D。 27. A。细节理解题。根据最后一段中的““Everyone can play a part in reducing waste, whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won’t eat,” Curtin says.(“每个人都可以在减少浪费方面发挥作用，无论是在每周的购物中不购买不必要的食物，还是要求餐馆不包括你不吃的配菜，”科廷说)”可知，科廷建议人们只买需要的东西来避免浪费食物。故选A。 真题演练04 (2021新课标I卷) By day, Robert Titterton is a lawyer. In his spare time though he goes on stage beside pianist Maria Raspopova — not as a musician but as her page turner. “I’m not a trained musician, but I’ve learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her performance.” Mr Titterton is chairman of the Omega Ensemble but has been the group’s official page turner for the past four years. His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesn’t have to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves. He said he became just as nervous as those playing instruments on stage. “A lot of skills are needed for the job. You have to make sure you don’t turn two pages at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right spot.” Mr Titterton explained. Being a page turner requires plenty of practice. Some pieces of music can go for 40 minutes and require up to 50 page turns, including back turns for repeat passages. Silent onstage communication is key, and each pianist has their own style of “nodding” to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner. But like all performances, there are moments when things go wrong. “I was turning the page to get ready for the next page, but the draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off the stand,” Mr Titterton said, “Luckily I was able to catch them and put them back.” Most page turners are piano students or up-and-coming concert pianists, although Ms Raspopova has once asked her husband to help her out on stage. “My husband is the worst page turner,” she laughed. “He’s interested in the music, feeling every note, and I have to say: ‘Turn,turn!’ Robert is the best page turner I’ve had in my entire life.” 24. What should Titterton be able to do to be a page turner? A. Read music. B. Play the piano. C. Sing songs. D. Fix the instruments. 25. Which of the following best describes Titterton’s job on stage? A. Boring. B. Well-paid. C. Demanding. D. Dangerous. 26. What does Titterton need to practise? A. Counting the pages. B. Recognizing the “nodding”. C. Catching falling objects. D. Performing in his own style. 27. Why is Ms Raspopova’s husband “the worse page turner”? A. He has very poor eyesight. B. He ignores the audience. C. He has no interest in music. D. He forgets to do his job 【答案】24. A25. C26. B27. D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了为钢琴演奏者做翻页工作的Robert Titterton和他的工作情况。 24.细节理解题。根据第一段“I’m not a trained musician, but I’ve learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her performance.(我不是受过训练的音乐家，但我学会了识谱，这样我就可以在Maria的表演中帮助她)”可知，因为Titterton识谱，所以可以在Maria的钢琴表演中为她翻页。故选A项。 25.推理判断题。根据第三段“A lot of skills are needed for the job. You have to make sure you don’t turn two pages at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right spot.(这项工作需要很多技能。你必须确保你不会一次翻两页并且必要的时候确保你回到前面找到音乐重复的部分)”可知，为钢琴家翻页这项工作很需要技巧，所以Titterton的工作要求是很高的。故选C项。 26.细节理解题。根据第四段“Silent onstage communication is key, and each pianist has their own style of “nodding” to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner.(无声的舞台交流是关键，每个钢琴家都有自己的“点头”风格来表示翻页，他们需要和翻页者进行练习)”可知，Titterton需要练习识别钢琴演奏者的“点头”示意来翻页。故选B项。 27.细节理解题。根据最后一段“He’s interested in the music, feeling every note, and I have to say: ‘Turn, turn!’(他对音乐很感兴趣，感受着每一个音符，所以我不得不说：“翻页，翻页！”)”可知，Ms Raspopova的丈夫因为对音乐感兴趣，所以帮她翻页的时候总是沉浸在音乐中而忘掉自己的工作，她不得不去提醒。故选D项。 真题演练05 (2020新课标I卷) Jenifer Mauer has needed more willpower than the typical college student to pursue her goal of earning a nursing degree. That willpower bore fruit when Jennifer graduated from University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire and became the first in her large family to earn a bachelor's degree. Mauer, of Edgar, Wisconsin, grew up on a farm in a family of 10 children. Her dad worked at a job away from the farm, and her mother ran the farm with the kids. After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college, working to pay her tuition(学费), because there was no extra money set aside for a college education. After graduation, she worked to help her sisters and brothers pay for their schooling. Jennifer now is married and has three children of her own. She decided to go back to college to advance her career and to be able to better support her family while doing something she loves: nursing. She chose the UW-Eau Claire program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield because she was able to pursue her four-year degree close to home. She could drive to class and be home in the evening to help with her kids. Jenifer received great support from her family as she worked to earn her degree: Her husband worked two jobs to cover the bills, and her 68-year-old mother helped take care of the children at times. Through it all, she remained in good academic standing and graduated with honors. Jennifer sacrificed(牺牲)to achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to study. ''Some nights my heart was breaking to have to pick between my kids and studying for exams or papers,'' she says. However, her children have learned an important lesson witnessing their mother earn her degree. Jennifer is a first-generation graduate and an inspiration to her family-and that's pretty powerful. 24. What did Jennifer do after high school? A. She helped her dad with his work. B. She ran the family farm on her own. C. She supported herself through college. D. She taught her sisters and brothers at home. 25. Why did Jennifer choose the program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield? A. To take care of her kids easily. B. To learn from the best nurses. C. To save money for her parents. D. To find a well-paid job there. 26. What did Jennifer sacrifice to achieve her goal? A. Her health. B. Her time with family. C. Her reputation. D. Her chance of promotion. 27. What can we learn from Jenifer's story? A. Time is money. B. Love breaks down barriers. C. Hard work pays off. D. Education is the key to success. 【答案】24. C 25. A 26. B 27. C 【导读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Jennifer在家里不能提供大学教育的情况下，通过自己的努力，以及家人的帮助完成了四年学位。她的努力不仅让自己以优异的成绩毕业，还给家人，尤其是她的三个孩子树立了榜样，让他们得到了激励。 24. 细节理解题。根据第二段的After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college, working to pay her tuition, because there was no extra money set aside for a college education.(高中毕业后，Jennifer上了一所当地的技术学院来支付她的学费，因为家里没有额外的钱用来支付大学教育)可知，高中毕业后Jennifer通过自己挣钱来完成大学教学，因为家里没有额外的钱。C. She supported herself through college.(她自食其力读完了大学)符合以上说法，故选C项。 25. 细节理解题。根据第三段的She chose the UW-Eau Claire program at Misnistry Saint Joseph’s Hospital in Marshfield because she was able to pursue her four-year degree close to home. She could drive to class and be home in the evening to help with her kids.(她选择了位于马什菲尔德的圣约瑟夫医院的UW-Eau Claire项目，因为她可以在离家近的地方攻读四年的学位。她可以开车去上课，晚上可以回家照顾孩子)可知，Jennifer选择位于马什菲尔德的圣约瑟夫医院的UW-Eau Claire项目是因为离家近，这样便于照顾她的三个孩子。A. To take care of her kids easily.(为了方便照顾她的孩子)符合以上说法，故选A项。 26. 细节理解题。根据最后一段的Jennifer sacrificed to achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to study.(Jennifer为了实现自己的目标牺牲了很多，她放弃了很多个和孩子待在一起的晚上，错过了很多重要的活动)可知，为了实现自己的目标Jennifer放弃了和家人待在一起的时光。B. Her time with family.(她与家人的时光)符合以上说法，故选B项。 27. 推理判断题。根据最后一段的Through it all, she reminded in good academic standing and graduated with honors.(虽然经历了这些，但她一直保持着良好的学术地位，并以优异的成绩毕业)和However, her children have learned an important lesson witnessing their mother earn her degree. Jennifer is a first-generation graduate and an inspiration to her family-and that’s the pretty powerful.(然而，她的孩子们在见证母亲获得学位的过程中得到了重要的一课。Jennifer是第一代毕业生，这对她的家庭来说是一种激励--这是非常强大的。)可知，Jennifer在艰苦的环境中通过自己的努力不仅以优异的成绩毕业，还给孩子树立了榜样，同时也让家人得到了激励。由此推测，我们可以从Jennifer的故事中学到:努力总会有回报。C. Hard work pays off.(努力会得到回报)符合以上说法，故选C项。 ( 1年江苏 名校 模拟试题 ) 名校模拟01（2024·江苏·模拟预测）Velez-Liendo’s earliest memories are of playing in the lowland forests near her village in southeastern Bolivia as a child — “in bare feet, just searching for insects”. When her family moved to Oruro, she took to chasing reptiles (爬行动物), continuing her “appreciation of nature”. While earning her undergraduate degree, Velez-Liendo had her heart set on studying gorillas in Rwanda — until she met an Andean bear in Carrasco National Park. Velez-Liendo then spent almost three years traveling the entire eastern area of the Bolivian Andes to produce the first national assessment of Andean bears. She identified the best places to invest in protecting or restoring Andean bear habitat and zeroed in on the dry forested valleys of Tarija. But only 6 percent of the original dry forest was left, distributed in a few regions in Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia. And Andean bears in Tarija are acknowledged as extinct. In 2016, Velez-Liendo set up camera traps to see if any bears were still in Tarija. In February 2017, a photo of a mother and cub (幼崽) brought hope. Though Tarija’s forests were promising bear habitat, local villagers killed bears for the sake of their farm animals and crops. When another community showed her a group of brand-new bee boxes that people didn’t know how to use, she hatched an idea. Velez-Liendo asked an expert who had experience teaching beekeeping to train locals in how to care for hives (蜂箱), obtain honey and market it for sale to increase their incomes. In exchange, community members agreed to protect the forest and not harm Andean bears. Velez-Liendo also taught locals how to collect data and help monitor the ecosystem. Today, over 60 Andean bears wander through Tarija’s forests, a remarkable increase from the five bears documented in 2017. Velez-Liendo wants to copy Tarija’s model in the Chuquisaca and Cochabamba regions to the north. “Engaging more rural communities can provide ‘stepping stones’ of habitat to connect isolated bear populations,” she says. “Conservation comes from the communities that live with this biodiversity. I think that’s how conservation is changing: from the hands of biologists to the hands of people.” 1. What can Velez-Liendo be described as while growing up? A. A forest hunter. B. An wildlife lover. C. A gorilla expert. D. A park-goer. 2. What might account for Andean bears’ situation according to Velez-Liendo? A. The decline of their habitat. B. The influence of rough weather. C. The lack of stable financial support. D. The bad cooperation among countries. 3. How did Velez-Liendo promote bear conservation? A. By making stricter laws. B. By educating local people. C. By establishing bear reserves. D. By increasing farmers’ income. 4. What message does Velez-Liendo want to convey in the last paragraph? A. It’s never too late to mend. B. Sharp tools make good work. C. More logs make a bigger fire. D. Where there’s a will there’s a way. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 4. C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Velez-Liendo保护安第斯熊的故事。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段“Velez-Liendo’s earliest memories are of playing in the lowland forests near her village in southeastern Bolivia as a child — ‘in bare feet, just searching for insects’. When her family moved to Oruro, she took to chasing reptiles (爬行动物), continuing her ‘appreciation of nature’. While earning her undergraduate degree, Velez-Liendo had her heart set on studying gorillas in Rwanda — until she met an Andean bear in Carrasco National Park. (Velez-Liendo最早的记忆是小时候在玻利维亚东南部村庄附近的低地森林里玩耍——‘光着脚，只是寻找昆虫’。当她的家人搬到奥鲁罗后，她开始追逐爬行动物，继续她的‘欣赏自然’。在攻读本科学位期间，Velez-Liendo一心想去卢旺达研究大猩猩，直到她在卡拉斯科国家公园遇到了一只安第斯熊。)”可知，在成长过程中，Velez-Liendo是野生动物爱好者。故选B项。 2. 推理判断题。根据第二段中“She identified the best places to invest in protecting or restoring Andean bear habitat and zeroed in on the dry forested valleys of Tarija. But only 6 percent of the original dry forest was left, distributed in a few regions in Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia. And Andean bears in Tarija are acknowledged as extinct. (她确定了投资保护或恢复安第斯熊栖息地的最佳地点，并将重点放在了塔里亚干燥的森林山谷。但只有6%的原始干燥森林被保留下来，分布在厄瓜多尔、秘鲁和玻利维亚的几个地区。塔里亚的安第斯熊被认为已经灭绝。)”可知，根据Velez-Liendo的说法可以推知，安第斯熊的栖息地在减少。故选A项。 3. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Velez-Liendo asked an expert who had experience teaching beekeeping to train locals in how to care for hives (蜂箱), obtain honey and market it for sale to increase their incomes. In exchange, community members agreed to protect the forest and not harm Andean bears. (Velez-Liendo请了一位有养蜂经验的专家来培训当地人如何照料蜂箱、获取蜂蜜并将其出售以增加收入。作为交换，社区成员同意保护森林，不伤害安第斯熊。)”可知，Velez-Liendo通过增加农民收入来促进熊的保护。故选D项。 4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中Velez-Liendo所说“Engaging more rural communities can provide ‘stepping stones’ of habitat to connect isolated bear populations (让更多的农村社区参与进来，可以为与世隔绝的熊群提供栖息地的‘垫脚石’。)”以及“Conservation comes from the communities that live with this biodiversity. I think that’s how conservation is changing: from the hands of biologists to the hands of people. (保护来自与这种生物多样性共存的社区。我认为这就是保护正在发生的变化：从生物学家的手中到普通民众的手中。)”可知，Velez-Liendo想表达柴多火焰高，人多力量大。故选C项。 名校模拟02（2024·江苏·模拟预测）Wendell Berry was almost 30 when he packed up his life as a New York intellectual and moved to Port Royal, a tiny community in Kentucky where generations of his forebears (祖先) had farmed the land. His friends thought he was mad. But he felt it was his inner calling to record the history of the place. Since moving to Port Royal in 1964, he has lived as if he were in the 19th century, writing by hand and ploughing his fields with horses. His eight novels and more than 50 short stories are usually set in Port William, a stand-in (代替物) for Port Royal. Nick Offerman, an actor, wanted to adapt his work for the screen. However, the actor was refused. In Mr Berry’s opinion, humans must take care of the earth that grants them life. “The soil is the greatest connector of lives,” he has written. “Without proper care for it we can have no community.” This philosophy dominates his writings. In The Unsettling of America, published in 1977, Mr Berry criticized the natural damage caused by large agribusinesses. He thinks capitalism has separated farming from culture and disconnected people from nature. Mr Berry’s fiction explores the decline of values by following Port William’s interconnected clans (家族) as they enter the modern age. In Dismemberment, a short story, Andy Catlett loses a hand to a harvesting machine and becomes a loner. He sees his withdrawal is mistaken and reconnects with the town, finding “the wealth of an intimate history” in belonging to “his ancestral place”. In Hannah Coulter, Mr Berry’s seventh novel, the main character Hannah Coulter grows old after a sad life and anticipates loneliness when her children leave to find work in the city. Instead her hope is restored when her grandson returns to run the farm. These stories offer insightful advice for readers living through ecological disaster. Though few can return to farming basics, Mr Berry’s messages of building communities, being a good neighbor and resisting the invitation of modern life are still valuable. 1. Why did Mr Berry’s friends think he was mad? A. He moved to live in the countryside. B. He turned down Offerman’s request. C. He wrote most of his novels by hand. D. He gave up his career as an intellectual. 2. What do Mr Berry’s writings often imply? A. The challenges of farming in old days. B. The harmony between man and nature. C. The real benefits of large agribusinesses. D. The hard lives of his forebears in Kentucky. 3. What do Andy Catlett and Hannah Coulter have in common? A. They are from the same novel. B. They both choose to live alone. C. They are victims of country life. D. They both find their values again. 4. What would be the best title for the text? A. Wendell Berry: a rural writer living a modern life B. Wendell Berry: a strong voice for modern farming C. Discover why Wendell Berry’s rural tales shine D. Find out how Wendell Berry adapts to new environments 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 4. C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Wendell Berry搬到农村去住，他觉得记录这个地方的历史是他内心的召唤。在此期间他创作了许多作品，在Berry先生看来，人类必须爱护赋予他们生命的地球。他认为资本主义使农业与文化分离，使人与自然分离。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段“Wendell Berry was almost 30 when he packed up his life as a New York intellectual and moved to Port Royal, a tiny community in Kentucky where generations of his forebears (祖先) had farmed the land. His friends thought he was mad.(Wendell Berry快30岁时结束了他在纽约的作家生涯，搬到了肯塔基州的一个小社区——罗亚尔港，他的祖先几代人都在这里耕种。他的朋友们都认为他疯了)”可知，Berry先生的朋友们认为他疯了因为他搬到农村去住了。故选A项。 2. 推理判断题。根据第三段“In The Unsettling of America, published in 1977, Mr Berry criticized the natural damage caused by large agribusinesses. He thinks capitalism has separated farming from culture and disconnected people from nature.(在1977年出版的《美国的不安》一书中，Berry批评了大型农业综合企业造成的自然破坏。他认为资本主义使农业与文化分离，使人与自然分离)”可知，Berry先生的作品通常暗示了人与自然的和谐。故选B。 3. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“In Dismemberment, a short story, Andy Catlett loses a hand to a harvesting machine and becomes a loner. He sees his withdrawal is mistaken and reconnects with the town, finding ‘the wealth of an intimate history’ in belonging to ‘his ancestral place’. In Hannah Coulter, Mr Berry’s seventh novel, the main character Hannah Coulter grows old after a sad life and anticipates loneliness when her children leave to find work in the city. Instead her hope is restored when her grandson returns to run the farm.(在短篇小说《肢解》中，安迪·卡特利特被收割机夺去了一只手，成为了一个孤独的人。他发现自己的撤退是错误的，并重新与小镇联系起来，发现‘祖籍的家族历史财富’。在Berry先生的第七部小说《汉娜·库尔特》中，主人公汉娜·库尔特在经历了一段悲伤的生活后变老，并预料到当她的孩子们去城市找工作时，她会感到孤独。相反，当她的孙子回来经营农场时，她的希望又恢复了)”可知，卡特利特和库尔特的共同点在于两者都重新找到了自己的价值。故选D项。 4. 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“These stories offer insightful advice for readers living through ecological disaster. Though few can return to farming basics, Mr Berry’s messages of building communities, being a good neighbor and resisting the invitation of modern life are still valuable.(这些故事为生活在生态灾难中的读者提供了深刻的建议。虽然很少有人能回到农耕的基础，但Berry先生所传达的建立社区、做一个好邻居以及抵制现代生活邀请的信息仍然很有价值。)”以及上文内容可知，文章主要讲述了Wendell Berry搬到农村去住，他觉得记录这个地方的历史是他内心的召唤。在此期间他创作了许多作品，在Berry先生看来，人类必须爱护赋予他们生命的地球。他认为资本主义使农业与文化分离，使人与自然分离。所以C选项Discover why Wendell Berry’s rural tales shine(探索Wendell Berry的乡村故事为何大放异彩)最符合文章标题。故选C项。 名校模拟05（2024·江苏宿迁·三模）It has been five years since I left my staff job and became self-employed. I remember my terror as I walked out of the office for the last time and the excitement when I sold my first piece days later. Working for yourself, setting your own hours and being responsible for your success or failure are exciting. I left my job just as summer was starting, and my first few months were as blissful as the fair days. When winter came, an office where someone else paid for the heating system and my salary was guaranteed seemed attractive. January is tough for freelancers (自由职业者), and it was no different for me — after masses of work, I earned none. I shared my fears with some businesswomen I knew — what if the reality would be more like what I was experiencing? Whether through choice or circumstance, the number of freelancers is rising and, if you’re just starting out, it is scary. I’ve been lucky that these women making money their own way shared key lessons about what it takes. You can’t feel half-hearted about what you do because, at some point, you’re going to have painful days. When that happens, you have to remember why you wanted this life in the first place. Don’t quit your job for something that you think might be more interesting, quit it for something you can’t stop thinking about. Setting up a business is tough. Rather than waiting until all is perfect, go for the moment when it feels as if momentum (势头) is with you. Look after yourself. There is no sick pay when you are self-employed. You can’t do a bad day’s work and blame it on your boss. You are the backbone of your business and you need to prioritize your health and well-being. Rest regularly and find like-minded people to support you and lift you up when things get hard. Finally, enjoy it. Freedom is yours and, if you can make it work, there is nothing better. 1. How did the author feel when she was self-employed in paragraph 1? A. Pleased. B. Challenged. C. Awful. D. Bored. 2. What bothered the author when winter came? A. Masses of freelance work. B. Failure to meet daily basics. C. The change in her own taste. D. The unexpected cold weather. 3. According to the author, why should we quit for a new job? A. To escape from the current pain. B. To satisfy our temporary interests. C. To pursue what we really desire. D. To explore where our strengths lie. 4. What’s the author’s probable attitude towards becoming freelancers? A. Unclear. B. Critical. C. Favorable. D. Cautious. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 4. C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要分享了作者自己成为自由职业者的经历以及对自由职业者的看法。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段“Working for yourself, setting your own hours and being responsible for your success or failure are exciting. I left my job just as summer was starting, and my first few months were as blissful as the fair days.(为自己工作，设定自己的时间，对自己的成功或失败负责，这些都是令人兴奋的。夏天刚开始，我就离职了，我的头几个月就像晴天一样幸福)”可知，作者为自己工作时感到高兴。故选A。 2. 细节理解题。根据第二段“When winter came, an office where someone else paid for the heating system and my salary was guaranteed seemed attractive. January is tough for freelancers (自由职业者), and it was no different for me—after masses of work, I earned none.(当冬天来临的时候，另一间办公室似乎很有吸引力，那里的供暖系统由别人买单，我的工资也有保障。一月对于自由职业者来说是艰难的，对我来说也一样——在做了大量的工作之后，我一无所获)”可知，冬天来了，不能满足日常基本需求困扰着作者。故选B。 3. 细节理解题。根据第四段“Don’t quit your job for something that you think might be more interesting, quit it for something you can’t stop thinking about.(不要因为你认为可能更有趣的事情而辞职，要因为你无法停止思考的事情而辞职)”可知，我们要辞职去找一份新工作是为了追求我们真正渴望的东西。故选C。 4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Finally, enjoy it. Freedom is yours and, if you can make it work, there is nothing better.(最后，享受它。自由是你的，如果你能让它发挥作用，那就再好不过了)”可知，作者对成为自由职业者可能持支持态度。故选C。 名校模拟04（2024·江苏南通·二模）Consciousness (意识) rises slowly, awakening with the dawn that brightens my room. Cool air clears my mind as I walk to the kitchen, where my husband is making his morning coffee. The fire he thoughtfully started is beginning to heat the living space. By my second cup, everyone is awake. After breakfast, we begin the busy work of a rural place. Chopping (砍) wood for the stove and clearing snow off steps and pathways. Our kids are big enough to be properly helpful and find joy in the work when everyone is doing it together. Then we take a walk through the fresh snow. We discover an amazing array of animals on display in the markings that they have left. After dinner, we play cards with a lot of energy and competitive interaction. Eventually, we’ll turn off the lights and with the fire crackling (噼啪作响), cuddle (拥抱) on the couch to watch the stars through the windows before heading off to bed. Weekends at the cabin (木屋) are magical. During the break, our family constantly balances the demands of work and school. I’m subject to my watch and alarm clock. But coming to the cabin on the weekend is like entering another world. Here, I don’t need to know what time it is-sunrise and sunset, hunger and chores set our schedule. The house and the woods around it are silent and dark, except for birdsong and the moon. Life seems less pressing, and it’s easier to live in the moment without distraction. When I get up the next morning, my son is already sitting in front of the fire, staring at the flames. I sit beside him, and he leans into me, sleepy and a bit sad. “What’s up?” I ask. “I just don’t want to go home yet. I like it better here.” I know what he means. I smile and put my arms around him. “Even when we’re home, this place is always here, where it’s quiet and safe, and everyone you love has time for you.” I don’t really mean the cabin, and I think he knows that. 1. What are paragraphs 1-3 mainly about? A. The reasons the family go to the cabin. B. The activities of the family at the cabin. C. The adventures of the family in the woods. D. The attitudes of the family to their cabin life. 2. Why does the author think weekends at the cabin are magical? A. She can reunite with her family. B. She enjoys the silence there most. C. She finds her life there more thrilling. D. She was not enslaved by tight schedules. 3. What does the cabin represent in the passage? A. A rural culture. B. An isolated life. C. A place of connection. D. An energetic interaction. 4. Which is the best title for the passage? A. Taking a Break B. A Weekend Picnic C. Embracing Our Life D. A Conscious Attempt 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 4. A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者周末休息的小木屋的故事。 1. 主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Cool air clears my mind as I walk to the kitchen, where my husband is making his morning coffee. The fire he thoughtfully started is beginning to heat the living space.”（当我走向厨房时，凉爽的空气使我头脑清醒，我的丈夫正在那里煮早晨的咖啡。他若有所思地生起了一堆火，开始给客厅供暖。以及第二段中“By my second cup, everyone is awake. After breakfast, we begin the busy work of a rural place. Chopping(砍) wood for the stove and clearing snow off steps and pathways.”（喝第二杯的时候，大家都醒了。早饭后，我们开始了农村的忙碌工作。劈柴生火，清理台阶和小路上的积雪。）和第三段中“After dinner, we play cards with a lot of energy and competitive interaction.”（晚饭后，我们玩纸牌，充满活力和竞争的互动。）可知，第1-3段主要讲的是一家人在小木屋的活动。故选B项。 2. 推理判断题。根据第四段“Weekends at the cabin (木屋) are magical. During the break, our family constantly balances the demands of work and school. I'm subject to my watch and alarm clock. But coming to the cabin on the weekend is like entering another world.”（在小木屋度过的周末很神奇。在休息期间，我们的家庭不断平衡工作和学习的需求。我受手表和闹钟的影响。但周末来到小屋就像进入了另一个世界。）以及第五段“Here, I don’t need to know what time it is-sunrise and sunset, hunger and chores set our schedule. The house and the woods around it are silent and dark, except for birdsong and the moon. Life seems less pressing, and it’s easier to live in the moment without distraction.”（在这里，我不需要知道时间——日出和日落，饥饿和家务设定了我们的时间表。房子和周围的树林寂静而黑暗，只有鸟鸣和月光。生活似乎没有那么紧迫，活在当下而不分心也更容易。）可推知，作者认为小屋的周末很神奇是因为她没有被紧张的日程所束缚。故选D项。 3. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“I know what he means. I smile and put my arms around him. “Even when we’re home, this place is always here, where it’s quiet and safe, and everyone you love has time for you.””（我明白他的意思。我微笑着搂住他。‘即使我们在家，这个地方也一直在这里，这里安静、安全，你爱的每个人都有时间陪你。’）可知，小屋代表了一个家庭成员相互联系的地方。故选C项。 4. 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是倒数第二段“I know what he means. I smile and put my arms around him. “Even when we’re home, this place is always here, where it’s quiet and safe, and everyone you love has time for you.””（我明白他的意思。我微笑着搂住他。“即使我们在家，这个地方也一直在这里，这里安静、安全，你爱的每个人都有时间陪你。”）可知，本文主要讲述了作者一家在木屋度过的周末休息生活，以及这种生活给他们带来的感受和意义，因此本文的最佳标题是Taking a Break（休息一下）。故选A项。 名校模拟05（2024·江苏南通·模拟预测）Robert was born on August 9, 1910 in the Netherlands. His mother came from a family of musicians and piano manufacturers, a fact that greatly influenced Robert’s life. His father was a physician in army, a position which required frequent foreign postings. The family stayed in various areas of East Asia for most of Robert’s youth. This experience contributed to his appreciation for cultures and mastery of several languages. Robert was a hardworking academic, collector of art and manuscripts, and translator of ancient writings. He studied and trained to become a master musician on the Chinese guqin, and eventually wrote two books on the instrument. Similarly, his skills as an artist in the traditional Chinese style and knowledge of calligraphy were unparalleled. He wrote and published a number of non-fiction, scholarly articles and books on Chinese music, art, and literature, as well as Chinese culture and folk legends. In 1940, Robert came across a little-known and anonymous (匿名的)18th-century Chinese novel that would take his career down an unplanned pathway and result in the public fame he never anticipated. The novel, titled Four Great Strange Cases of Empress Wu’s Reign, was a fictional account of the deeds of Judge Dee, one of the heroes of traditional Chinese detective fiction, and was set in the 7th-century Tang Dynasty. Fascinated, Robert not only translated the novel into English, he also did some research on the history of Chinese Penal Code and other legal literature of the period. It was not until 1949 that Robert was able to publish his translation —Dee Goong An: Three Murder Cases Solved by Judge Dee. Robert’s Chinese mysteries comprise over 10 novels and short-story volumes, recording the career of Chinese detective called Di Renjie. Interestingly, the tales first found fame in oriental (东方的)editions, before being translated into English in 1957. Through all the novels by Robert, he impressively brings to life the sights and sounds of daily Chinese life in the past. His passionate devotion and respect for the Chinese culture was never discounted, yet he also appreciated the purpose of fiction. 1. What inspired Robert’s love for oriental culture? A. His language competence. B. His previous stay in East Asia. C. His mother’s good family background. D. His father’s professional medical knowledge. 2. What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about? A. Robert’s passion for China. B. Robert’s music proficiency. C. Robert’s early achievements. D. Robert’s learning experiences. 3. What contributed to Robert’s fame? A. He introduced western civilization to China. B. He polished an existing Chinese fiction style. C. He spread Chinese literature to a wider audience. D. He conducted research on famous Chinese detectives. 4. Which of the following can best describe Robert’s translations? A. Vivid and faithful. B. Dramatic and realistic. C. Accurate and humorous. D. Imaginary and accessible. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C 4. A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了出生在荷兰的Robert van Gulik成长背景及其所取得的成就。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The family stayed in various areas of East Asia for most of Robert’s youth. This experience contributed to his appreciation for cultures and mastery of several languages.(罗伯特的童年大部分时间都在东亚各地度过。这段经历让他对各种文化有了更深的了解，并掌握了多种语言。)”可知，Robert小时候一家人生活在东亚，这激发了罗伯特对东方文化的热爱。故选B项。 2. 主旨大意题。根据第二段“Robert was a hardworking academic, collector of art and manuscripts, and translator of ancient writings. He studied and trained to become a master musician on the Chinese guqin, and eventually wrote two books on the instrument. Similarly, his skills as an artist in the traditional Chinese style and knowledge of calligraphy were unparalleled. He wrote and published a number of non-fiction, scholarly articles and books on Chinese music, art, and literature, as well as Chinese culture and folk legends. (罗伯特是一位勤奋的学者、艺术品和手稿收藏家以及古文翻译家。他学习和训练成为中国古琴大师，并最终写了两本关于古琴的书。同样，他作为一名艺术家在中国传统风格方面的技巧和书法知识也是无与伦比的。他撰写并出版了许多关于中国音乐、艺术和文学以及中国文化和民间传说的非小说、学术文章和书籍。)”可知，Robert是一个学着，艺术和手稿收藏家，翻译古代作品，他是中国古琴大师，写过两本乐器的书籍，他的中国传统风格的艺术几千和书法知识非凡，还撰写很多中国音乐、艺术、文学以及中国文化和传统的纪实、学术文章和书籍，由此可知，本段主要讲述的是Robert的所取得的成就。故选C项。 3. 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“In 1940, Robert came across a little-known and anonymous(匿名的)18th-century Chinese novel that would take his career down an unplanned pathway and result in the public fame he never anticipated. The novel, titled Four Great Strange Cases of Empress Wu’s Reign, was a fictional account of the deeds of Judge Dee, one of the heroes of traditional Chinese detective fiction, and was set in the 7th-century Tang Dynasty. Fascinated, Robert not only translated the novel into English, he also did some research on the history of Chinese Penal Code and other legal literature of the period. It was not until 1949 that Robert was able to publish his translation —Dee Goong An: Three Murder Cases Solved by Judge Dee. Robert’s Chinese mysteries comprise over 10 novels and short-story volumes, recording the career of Chinese detective called Di Renjie. Interestingly, the tales first found fame in oriental(东方的)editions, before being translated into English in 1957. (1940 年，罗伯特偶然发现了一本鲜为人知的匿名 18 世纪中国小说，这本小说将他的职业生涯推向了一条意想不到的道路，并让他获得了从未预料到的公众名声。这本名为《武则天统治时期的四大奇案》的小说虚构了中国传统侦探小说英雄之一狄仁杰的事迹，故事背景设定在 7 世纪的唐朝。罗伯特对这本小说十分着迷，他不仅将这本小说翻译成英文，还对中国刑法史和当时其他法律文献做了一些研究。直到 1949 年，罗伯特才得以出版他的译作《狄公案：狄仁杰破获的三起谋杀案》。罗伯特的中国悬疑小说包括 10 多部小说和短篇小说集，记录了中国侦探狄仁杰的职业生涯。有趣的是，这些故事首先在东方版本中成名，然后于 1957 年被翻译成英文)”可知，Robert把中国文学传播给了更广泛的受众导致罗伯特名声大噪。故选C项。 4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Through all the novels by Robert, he impressively brings to life the sights and sounds of daily Chinese life in the past. His passionate devotion and respect for the Chinese culture was never discounted, yet he also appreciated the purpose of fiction. (罗伯特的小说生动再现了中国古代日常生活的景象和声音，令人印象深刻。他对中国文化的热爱和尊重从未被忽视，但他也理解小说的意义。）”，由此可推断，Robert的翻译生动而忠实。故选A项。 名校模拟06（2024·江苏徐州·模拟预测）Over the years, Tibetan women have driven battle tanks, operated warships and served in missile units of the People’s Liberation Army. Now, Kelsang Pedron, 23 years old, has become the first Tibetan woman to fly a fighter jet. Born in the Xizang autonomous region, Kelsang Pedron was studying at the Beijing Tibet Middle School in 2017 when she heard that a senior student of the school had secured a place at the Air Force Aviation University to learn how to fly military aircraft. That precious information planted the seeds of what then seemed like an unattainable dream in the young girl’s mind. After all, no Tibetan woman had ever flown a military aircraft in China till then. “Becoming an Air Force pilot is glorious and I wanted to try so that I could safeguard the motherland’s blue skies. But flying appeared to be a distant dream for me, an ordinary girl, at that time.” Kelsang Pedron said, adding that it all changed when she saw China’s first two female astronauts, Liu Yang and Wang Yaping, on television. “I wanted to become as smart and cool as they are,” she recalled, adding that the female astronaut stories inspired her to pursue her dreams with courage and determination. Two years later, opportunity came knocking when her teacher announced that the PLA Air Force was recruiting female flight cadets (学员), and encouraged interested students to apply. An excited Kelsang Pedron immediately turned to her parents, seeking their permission and support. “My dad said yes without hesitation. He also encouraged me to bravely give it a shot,” she said. Kelsang Pedron passed all the tests. In August 2019, Kelsang Pedron reported at the Air Force Aviation University, becoming the first-ever Tibetan woman to start learning combat aircraft operation. “Now I have my wings,” the Tibetan woman said. “In the Tibetan language, Kelsang sometimes refers to a kind of a beautiful flower that represents the Tibetan people’s desire for happiness and luck. I will continue to train hard so I can fly above this nation to safeguard the people’s happiness and luck.” 1. What can we learn about Kelsang Pedron from the second paragraph? A. She used to serve on a warship. B. She enjoyed flying aircraft. C. She dreamed of being a pilot. D. She longed to study in Beijing. 2. What’s her aim to fly a fighter jet? A. Looking smart and cool. B. Becoming a female astronaut. C. Keeping the motherland safe. D. Satisfying her parents’ expectation. 3. Why did Kelsang mention the flower of Kelsang? A. To indicate her beauty. B. To express her resolution. C. To clarify her origin. D. To share her happiness. 4. Which is the most suitable title for the text? A. Tibetan woman makes history B. China’s First Air Force pilot C. Tibetan woman stands out D. China’s Tibetan female pilots 【答案】1. C 2. C 3. B 4. A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位名叫格桑白珍的藏族女孩成为藏族第一位驾驶战斗机女飞行员故事。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Born in the Xizang autonomous region, Kelsang Pedron was studying at the Beijing Tibet Middle School in 2017 when she heard that a senior student of the school had secured a place at the Air Force Aviation University to learn how to fly military aircraft. That precious information planted the seeds of what then seemed like an unattainable dream in the young girl’s mind.(格桑白珍出生于西藏自治区，2017年在北京西藏中学学习时，她听说该校一名大四学生被空军航空大学录取，学习如何驾驶军用飞机。这个宝贵的信息在这个年轻女孩的心中播下了一个当时看来遥不可及的梦想的种子)”可知，格桑白珍梦想成为一名飞行员。故选C。 2. 细节理解题。根据第三段“Becoming an Air Force pilot is glorious and I wanted to try so that I could safeguard the motherland’s blue skies.(成为一名空军飞行员是光荣的，我想尝试一下，这样我就可以保卫祖国的蓝天)”可知，她开战斗机的目的是维护祖国安全。故选C。 3. 细节理解题。根据最后一段“In the Tibetan language, Kelsang sometimes refers to a kind of a beautiful flower that represents the Tibetan people’s desire for happiness and luck. I will continue to train hard so I can fly above this nation to safeguard the people’s happiness and luck.(在藏语中，格桑有时指的是一种美丽的花，代表了西藏人民对幸福和幸运的渴望。我将继续努力训练，这样我就可以飞越这个国家，维护人民的幸福和幸运)”可知，格桑提到格桑花是为了表达她维护人民的幸福和幸运的决心。故选B。 4. 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Over the years, Tibetan women have driven battle tanks, operated warships and served in missile units of the People’s Liberation Army. Now, Kelsang Pedron, 23 years old, has become the first Tibetan woman to fly a fighter jet.(多年来，藏族妇女驾驶主战坦克、操纵军舰、在中国人民解放军导弹部队服役。如今，23岁的格桑白珍成为了首位驾驶战斗机的藏族女性)”结合文章主要介绍了飞行员格桑白珍的个人经历以及为了实现梦想所付出的努力。可知，A选项“藏族妇女创造历史”最符合文章标题。故选A。 名校模拟07（2024·江苏扬州·模拟预测）Tessa Lidstone remembers the last meals she cooked before she had to close her restaurant Box-E for the first lockdown. “Everything was slipping away and beyond our control.” With the restaurant closed, Lidstone got to thinking about how other people might be coping. “I felt isolated,” she says, “but I was so lucky: I had my husband and kids with me. I thought about all the people without a support network and how awful it must be to not have contact with anyone.” Lidstone saw a callout from a collective of Bristol restaurants called the Bristol Food Union. They were looking for volunteers to help put together boxes of emergency food for the elderly living alone. “I’d love doing that to give my life purpose,” says Lidstone. “It was originally going to be for two weeks. But it just grew from there.” In her first week, Lidstone put together boxes for 100 people: pasta, bread and milk, but also fruit and vegetables. By the second week, she was organizing packages for 250 people. The government provided funding and most suppliers were more than willing to help. “They were so generous,” she says. “If I ordered milk, bread and butter, they’d donate fruit and vegetables as well. It meant I could make the money go further.” Lidstone put her restaurant training to good use, creating a weekly recipe card to go in each box. She also videoed herself making the meal and posted it online. “It was basic home cooking,” she says. By week three, Lidstone was thinking bigger: “If there were any birthdays coming up, I arranged something extra for the persons.” By then, the scale of Lidstone’s operation had become a bit overwhelming. Staff from the restaurant and Lidstone’s children helped out. In all, Lidstone and her team delivered 2,500 boxes over 16 weeks. “It’s easy to feel overwhelmed by a situation,” she said, “and think you can’t do anything alone. But work together and we’ll make a difference.” 1. Why did Lidstone respond to the appeal of the Bristol Food Union? A. To turn her restaurant Box-E from losses to profits. B. To make herself feel less isolated in the lockdown. C. To help lonely old people have access to free food. D. To realize her self-worth and make life meaningful. 2. What can be learned from paragraphs 4 to 6? A. Many suppliers helped offer her financial assistance. B. Lidstone provided tailored service for special occasions. C. The process of Lidstone’s work advanced as planned. D. Lidstone taught cooking from door to door in person. 3. Which word best describes the impact of Lidstone’s deeds? A. Far-reaching. B. Predictable. C. Short-lived. D. Unidentifiable. 4. What message do Lidstone’s words in the last paragraph suggest? A. Kindness can be passed on. B. Many hands make light work. C. One good turn deserves another. D. Actions speak louder than words. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A 4. B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了Tessa Lidstone参加志愿者活动，帮助需要帮助的人们。 1. 细节理解题。根据第三段“Lidstone saw a callout from a collective of Bristol restaurants called the Bristol Food Union. They were looking for volunteers to help put together boxes of emergency food for the elderly living alone. “I’d love doing that to give my life purpose,” says Lidstone.(Lidstone看到了布里斯托尔一家名为布里斯托尔食品联盟的餐馆发出的号召。他们正在寻找志愿者，帮助为独居老人打包紧急食品。Lidstone说：“我喜欢这样做，给我的生活目标。”)”可知，Lidstone响应号召是为了使其生活有目标，有意义。故选D项。 2. 细节理解题。根据第六段“Lidstone put her restaurant training to good use, creating a weekly recipe card to go in each box. She also videoed herself making the meal and posted it online. “It was basic home cooking,” she says. By week three, Lidstone was thinking bigger: “If there were any birthdays coming up, I arranged something extra for the persons.”(Lidstone很好地利用了她的餐厅培训，每周制作一张食谱卡，放在每个盒子里。她还录下了自己做这顿饭的过程，并发布到了网上。“这是基本的家常菜，”她说。到了第三周，Lidstone想到了更多：“如果有人过生日，我会为他们安排一些额外的东西。”)”可知，Lidstone会在特殊时刻（如生日时）给人们准备额外的东西。故选B项。 3. 推理判断题。根据第五段“The government provided funding and most suppliers were more than willing to help. “They were so generous,” she says. “If I ordered milk, bread and butter, they’d donate fruit and vegetables as well. It meant I could make the money go further.”(政府提供了资金，大多数供应商也非常愿意提供帮助。“他们太慷慨了，”她说。“如果我点牛奶、面包和黄油，他们也会捐赠水果和蔬菜。这意味着我可以把钱花得更远。”)”以及最后一段“By then, the scale of Lidstone’s operation had become a bit overwhelming. Staff from the restaurant and Lidstone’s children helped out. In all, Lidstone and her team delivered 2,500 boxes over 16 weeks.(到那时，Lidstone的业务规模已经变得有点势不可挡。餐厅的工作人员和Lidstone的孩子们也在帮忙。Lidstone和她的团队在16周内总共运送了2500个箱子。)”可知，Lidstone的行为，让更多人加入进来帮助他人，所以她的行为是影响深远的。故选A项。 4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段““It’s easy to feel overwhelmed by a situation,” she said, “and think you can’t do anything alone. But work together and we’ll make a difference.”(“人们很容易被一种情况淹没，”她说，“觉得自己一个人什么都做不了。但只要我们齐心协力，我们就会有所作为。”)”可知，Lidstone说只要我们齐心协力，我们就会有所作为，B项“Many hands make light work.(人多好办事)”符合题意。故选B项。 名校模拟08（2024·江苏南京·二模）Emest Owusu was 13 in 1980 when he was given the opportunity to appear in the audience of a BBC show, and ask Thatcher how she felt about being called the Iron Lady. This encounter re-emerged in a BBC’s programme recently. At the time of their meeting, Owusu was on free school meals, living on a public estate in Brixton, south London, where he and his sister were being raised by their mother Rose, a struggling hairdresser. Now 57, Owusu looks remarkably similar even with a greying beard. But his life has been transformed. The father of three is a human resources director, and the first black captain of the Addington golf club in its 110-year history. As a black guy, it is about breaking the glass ceiling. Speaking in its clubhouse, Owusu describes his rise in social status (地位) as a “Thatcherite Journey”. And he says it began by asking the woman herself. “To this day it still has an impact. My confidence changed from that sliding-door moment. Something about her connected with me.” Thatcher told Owusu she enjoyed being called the Iron Lady. “I think it’s rather a praise, don’t you?” she said, “Because so often people have said to me if you’re in your job you’ve got to be soft and warm and human, but you’ve got to have a touch of steel.” Owusu recalls the moment, “I just remember her eye contact. She was answering me, not the camera. She welcomed the question saying you’ve got to be firm in this world. And that stuck with me.” After the show was broadcast, Owusu said he became “a little hero in Brixton for a good three months”. Owusu added, “It all gave me extra confidence. Doors might not have opened so quickly. It was one of those key moments to make you do things maybe you wouldn’t otherwise have done.” 1. What do we know about Owusu when he was 13? A. He met with Thatcher twice. B. He joined a famous golf club. C. He hosted a BBC’s programme. D. He lived at the bottom of society. 2. What do the underlined words “sliding-door moment” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Turning point. B. Important decision. C. Social status. D. Remarkable achievement. 3. Based on the text, what made a big difference to Owusu? A. Others’ treating him equally at work. B. Others’ voting him a hero in Brixton. C. Thatcher’s efforts to preserve his dignity. D. Thatcher’s faith in the necessity of toughness. 4. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A. The Art of Dialogue B. The Power of Confidence C. A Life-changing Meeting D. A Status-improving Tale 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. D 4. C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是Emest Owusu受到Thatcher夫人的影响，从而改变了自己的人生。 1. 推理判断题。根据第二段“At the time of their meeting, Owusu was on free school meals, living on a public estate in Brixton, south London, where he and his sister were being raised by their mother Rose, a struggling hairdresser.(在他们相遇的时候，Owusu在学校吃免费午餐，住在伦敦南部布里克斯顿的一处公共住宅里，他和妹妹由母亲罗斯抚养，她是一名苦苦挣扎的美发师。)”可知，Owusu13岁时生活在社会的底层。故选D。 2. 词句猜测题。根据第三段“To this day it still has an impact. My confidence changed(直到今天，它仍然有影响。我的信心改变了)”可知，从那一刻Owusu的信心改变了，说明那是一个转折点，sliding-door moment的意思是“转折点”，和Turning point意思相近，故选A。 3. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Because so often people have said to me if you’re in your job you’ve got to be soft and warm and human, but you’ve got to have a touch of steel.(因为人们经常对我说，如果你在工作中，你必须温柔、温暖、人性化，但你也必须有一点钢铁的感觉。)”和“She welcomed the question saying you’ve got to be firm in this world.   And that stuck with me.(她对这个问题表示欢迎，说在这个世界上你必须要坚定。这让我印象深刻。)”可知，Thatcher坚信强硬的必要性使Owusu发生了巨大的变化。故选D。 4. 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第三段“Speaking in its clubhouse, Owusu describes his rise in social status (地位) as a “Thatcherite Journey”. And he says it began by asking the woman herself. “To this day it still has an impact. My confidence changed from that sliding-door moment. Something about her connected with me.”(在俱乐部里，Owusu将自己社会地位的提升描述为“撒切尔之旅”。他说，首先要问这位女士本人。“直到今天，它仍然有影响，我的信心从那一刻起就改变了。她身上的某种东西与我联系在一起。”)”可知，本文主要讲的是Emest Owusu受到Thatcher夫人的影响，从而改变了自己的人生，因此最恰当的标题是C选项“A Life-changing Meeting(改变人生的会面)”。故选C。 名校模拟09（2024·江苏宿迁·一模）I was surprised to find the congestion (拥塞) outside Layla’s primary school was unusually absent—I’d driven right into a parking space, and I was on time, for once. The school bell rang, and in a moment a stream of children made their way through the gate. But something was different—the kids were piling into vehicles in threes and fours. Before I could enquire my daughter Layla, Mr Trent, the deputy head, approached. “Mrs Pavis, did you not read our letter?” Letter? What letter? I had a history of not looking out for them, and not reading them in most cases. “The letter? Of course. It must have just slipped my mind—I’ve been away with work.” Now I was digging around in Layla’s messy schoolbag at home. Eventually, I found several letters, all addressing the same topic—parking outside the school gates. Apparently with some parents parking illegally, the police were about to get involved. “Why didn’t you give me these letters?” I demanded. Layla shrugged. “I forgot.” I was about to launch into a severe lecture when it occurred to me that I had always forgotten—I had forgotten to give Layla her money for cookery that morning and forgotten to hang out the kids’ washed clothes. I contained myself and figured out that they wanted the parents to car-pool (拼车). I spent the next half hour ringing round Layla’s friends’ parents, enquiring if they would like to car-pool with us. Unfortunately, they were all sorted. It was my own fault—I should have read those letters ages ago. “Er... I overheard others talking about it,” Layla said, “They said they didn’t know who would car-pool with us, because we’re always late.” I flushed instantly. We were a disorganised family, and I was the one to blame. I resolved to change. With responsibility for my kids, I find I am never, ever late. It’s good for Layla and for her older brothers, and it’s good for me, because now I never leave the house unprepared. I’ve even started checking the kids’ schoolbags for notes from school. 1. What did the author notice when the school was over? A. It was hard to find a parking space. B. Children were picked up in groups. C. Her daughter was absent from class. D. She arrived much earlier than others. 2. What stopped the author criticizing her daughter? A. The reflection of her daily routine. B. The realization of her carelessness. C. The knowledge of her kid’s character. D. The awareness of her kid’s depression. 3. Why did others refuse to car-pool with them according to Layla? A. Because they contacted them late. B. Because they failed to keep the house tidy. C. Because they couldn’t be on time. D. Because they ignored the school’s request. 4. What can we learn from the passage? A. Action creates motivation. B. Mother’s love never changes. C. It’s never too late to mend. D. Patience is the key to success. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. C 4. C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在参与孩子的学校生活中，发现自己粗心大意，并且因为迟到，其他家长拒绝和自己拼车，于是作者决心改变，承担起对孩子的责任，再也没有迟到过。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段“The school bell rang, and in a moment a stream of children made their way through the gate. But something was different—the kids were piling into vehicles in threes and fours.(学校的铃响了，不一会儿，一群孩子从大门进来了。但有些不同——孩子们三三两四地挤进了车里)”可知，放学后作者注意到了孩子们被成群地接走。故选B。 2. 细节理解题。根据第三段“I was about to launch into a severe lecture when it occurred to me that I had always forgotten—I had forgotten to give Layla her money for cookery that morning and forgotten to hang out the kids’ washed clothes.(我正准备严厉地训斥一顿，突然想到我总是忘记——那天早上我忘了给莱拉做饭的钱，也忘了把孩子们洗好的衣服晾在外面)”可知，意识到自己的粗心大意阻止了作者批评她的女儿。故选B。 3. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段““Er... I overheard others talking about it,” Layla said, “They said they didn’t know who would car-pool with us, because we’re always late.”(“呃……“我无意中听到别人在谈论这件事，”莱拉说，“他们说他们不知道谁会和我们拼车，因为我们总是迟到。”)”可知，根据Layla的说法，其他人拒绝与他们拼车是因为他们不能准时。故选C。 4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“I resolved to change. With responsibility for my kids, I find I am never, ever late. It’s good for Layla and for her older brothers, and it’s good for me, because now I never leave the house unprepared. I’ve even started checking the kids’ schoolbags for notes from school.(我决心改变。有了对孩子的责任，我发现我从来没有迟到过。这对莱拉和她的哥哥们都有好处，对我也有好处，因为现在我再也不会毫无准备地出门了。我甚至开始检查孩子们的书包里有没有学校的笔记)”结合文章主要讲述了作者在参与孩子的学校生活中，发现自己粗心大意，并且因为迟到，其他家长拒绝和自己拼车，于是作者决心改变，承担起对孩子的责任，再也没有迟到过。可推知，文章告诉我们“亡羊补牢，犹未晚也”的道理。故选C。 名校模拟11（23-24高三下·江苏无锡·开学考试）About a decade ago, Lawson was at a beach in Virginia watching his kids build castles right next to the waves. “I kept trying to get them to come back because I thought it was a terrible idea,” he remarked. He wanted them to build their sandcastles closer to the dunes. But they found it more exciting to build right where the waves hit, seeing their sandcastles get destroyed, and then rebuilding them with whatever debris washed up from the ocean. “It seemed so symbolic, somehow, of how life works more than just building your perfect sandcastles,” said Lawson. When he decided to turn that sunny day into a children’s book, the idea came to just use pictures. “It seemed like it would work beautifully without words,” he said. A Day for Sandcastles is illustrated by Qin Leng. It’s the second wordless picture book for Lawson and Leng since 2021’s Over the Shop. Leng’s illustrations stay pretty true to real life. Three siblings spend the day building sandcastles and watching them get destroyed by a flying hat. “To me it’s a celebration of childhood and the simple joys of life. These are the things I like to capture,” said Leng. Leng spent part of her childhood in France, and she was inspired by European comic books. “What I love to do when I illustrate a picture book is add side stories to the main storyline. I always think about the readers and the longevity of the book, and I want them to be able to discover something new every time they revisit the book,” Leng explained. At the end of the day, the sleepy-eyed kids pile into the bus that will take them home. “Those last pages are some of my favorite. They capture that feeling like at the end of the day on the beach, when it’s getting dark and you feel completely exhausted,” Lawson said. It must be a universal childhood feeling: happy with sand, sticky from the salt, hot from the sun, and ready to fall asleep the moment you get into the car. 1. Why does Lawson mention the scene where the kids built sandcastles? A. To suggest a way to enjoy leisure. B. To remind readers of the childhood. C. To convince us of how life works. D. To tell us the inspiration for his book. 2. What do you know about the two books mentioned? A. They are purchased by kids universally. B. Readers can only find pictures in them. C. They carry no elements of comic books. D. The stories are literally works of fantasy. 3. How does Lawson feel when telling us the last pages in the last paragraph? A. Relieved. B. Pleased. C. Disturbed. D. Exhausted. 4. What can be a suitable title for the passage? A. Childhood in sandcastles B. Beautiful childhood memories C. Popular illustrated books D. Explore the mystery of nature 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. B 4. A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Lawson创作无字绘本《A Day for Sandcastles》的灵感来源，以及他和插画师冷琴对该绘本的评价。 1. 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“ But they found it more exciting to build right where the waves hit, seeing their sandcastles get destroyed, and then rebuilding them with whatever debris washed up from the ocean. “It seemed so symbolic, somehow, of how life works more than just building your perfect sandcastles,” said Lawson. When he decided to turn that sunny day into a children’s book, the idea came to just use pictures.(但他们发现在海浪袭来的地方建造更令人兴奋，看着他们的沙堡被摧毁，然后用从海洋冲上来的任何碎片重建它们。劳森说:“从某种程度上说，这似乎很有象征意义，说明生活不仅仅是建造完美的沙堡。”当他决定把那个阳光明媚的日子写成一本儿童读物时，他想到了只用图片。)”可推测出，孩子们建造沙煲的场景是他写书的灵感来源。故选D。 2. 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“A Day for Sandcastles is illustrated by Qin Leng. It’s the second wordless picture book for Lawson and Leng since 2021’s Over the Shop. (《A Day for Sandcastles》由冷琴插图。这是自2021年的《Over the Shop》以来，Lawson和冷的第二本无字绘本。)”可知，这两本书都是无字绘本，读者只能在里面找到图片。故选B。 3. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“‘Those last pages are some of my favorite. They capture that feeling like at the end of the day on the beach, when it’s getting dark and you feel completely exhausted,’ Lawson said. It must be a universal childhood feeling: happy with sand, sticky from the salt, hot from the sun, and ready to fall asleep the moment you get into the car.(Lawson说：‘最后几页是我最喜欢的。它们捕捉到了一天结束时在海滩上的感觉，天快黑了，你会感到筋疲力尽。’这一定是一种普遍的童年感觉：玩沙子玩得很开心，海水的盐让身体黏呼呼，太阳烤的人燥热，一上车就昏昏欲睡。)”可推测出，Lawson描述了孩子们玩了一天沙子后的场景，这是童年美好的回忆，他在讲述这最后几页的内容时内心是充满快乐的。故选B。 4. 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，第一、二段讲述了十年前带着孩子们在沙滩上建城堡的场景是Lawson创作书的灵感来源；第三、四、五段描写了插画师冷琴和Lawson对书的评价。全文围绕《A Day for Sandcastles》展开，这是一本描述孩子们在沙滩上建造城堡的无字绘本，再根据第三段中的“To me it’s a celebration of childhood and the simple joys of life.(对我来说，这是对童年和简单生活乐趣的庆祝。)”可知，A项“沙滩城堡里的童年”最适合作本文标题。故选A。 名校模拟11（2024·江苏南通·模拟预测）I was attacked by a tiger shark in late October 1997. It was near my home on the island of Kauai—a typical fall morning with friends. The waves were really good, so nothing was stopping us. That is until a large shark came right up under me and sank his teeth into my lower leg. There had been no splashing. no noise, and I felt no pain, only great pressure on my lower body. Then I followed my instinct: I punched the shark in the face, again and again which happens to be what the expert advice, until the shark released me. As I swam back into shore, I felt my lower right leg spasming(痉挛). When I looked down, I realized it was gone. The shark had bit my lower leg off. My friends rushed to my aid, and rushed me to hospital. It was another day before the “fog” lifted, at which point I opened my eyes and realized I was in the hospital—a below-the-knee amputee(截肢). For the next few bedridden weeks, I spent time with my family, and considered the future. As soon as I was given the OK by my doctors, I did what many of us might consider unthinkable: I started riding the waves again. In fact, my first time back was near the site of his attack. I was unshaken and curious—Was it because of the tides? The phase of the moon? I also recalled that the morning of the attack the water had a fishy smell. Was that what attracted the shark? I was determined to research sharks, and I did learn something that would change my life: Humans are far more dangerous to sharks than the other way around, I tell Reader’s Digest. “I watched a documentary called Sharkwater, and I learned about the demand for shark fin soup and the fact that 70 million sharks a year are killed for their fins alone.” My unique situation as a shark survivor empowered me to give sharks a voice. I began working with the Hawaii state legislature to help pass a ban on shark-derived products. I partnered with other like-minded shark attack survivors and marine biologists, and we headed to Washington to urge senators to create a nationwide bill protecting sharks. 1. What is mainly talked about in the first two paragraphs? A. The missing leg. B. The shark attack. C. The timely rescue. D. The expert’s advice. 2. Why did the author ride the waves again? A. To go on with his unshaken hobby. B. To figure out why he became a target. C. To keep track of the phase of the moon. D. To explore why the water had a fishy smell. 3. What did the author find after he recovered? A. Humans tend to ignore the dangers. B. Humans can’t survive without sharks. C. Sharks pose a greater threat to humans D. Sharks are in urgent need of protection. 4. What does author imply in the last paragraph? A. He is speaking in favor of sharks. B. He argues against the bill about sharks. C. There is widespread doubt about sharks. D. People should give sharks a preference. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D 4. A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者游泳时遭遇了鲨鱼袭击，右小腿被截肢。恢复后作者对鲨鱼进行研究，发现人类对鲨鱼的威胁远大于鲨鱼对人类的威胁 1. 主旨大意题。由文章第一段“I was attacked by a tiger shark in late October 1997. It was near my home on the island of Kauai—a typical fall morning with friends. The waves were really good, so nothing was stopping us.(1997年10月下旬，我被一条虎鲨袭击。那是在我考艾岛的家附近——一个典型的秋天早晨，和朋友们在一起。海浪真的很好，所以没有什么能阻止我们。)”和第二段“That is until a large shark came right up under me and sank his teeth into my lower leg. There had been no splashing. no noise, and I felt no pain, only great pressure on my lower body.(直到一条大鲨鱼从我身下钻了过来，把牙齿咬进了我的小腿。没有溅水。没有噪音，我没有感到疼痛，只有下半身承受着巨大的压力。)”可知，第一二段主要讲作者被一条虎鲨袭击的经历。故选B项。 2. 推理判断题。由文章第五段“I was unshaken and curious—Was it because of the tides? The phase of the moon? I also recalled that the morning of the attack the water had a fishy smell. Was that what attracted the shark?(我毫不动摇地好奇——是因为潮汐吗？月相？我还记得，袭击发生的那天早上，水有一股腥味。这就是吸引鲨鱼的原因吗？)”可知，作者再次冲浪是想弄清楚他为什么会成为鲨鱼攻击的目标的原因。故选B项。 3. 细节理解题。由文章第六段“I was determined to research sharks, and I did learn something that would change my life: Humans are far more dangerous to sharks than the other way around, I tell Reader’s Digest. ‘I watched a documentary called Sharkwater, and I learned about the demand for shark fin soup and the fact that 70 million sharks a year are killed for their fins alone.’(我下定决心研究鲨鱼，我确实学到了一些会改变我生活的东西：我告诉《读者文摘》，人类对鲨鱼的危险性远高于其它东西。‘我看了一部名为《Sharkwater》的纪录片，了解到人们对鱼翅汤的需求，以及每年仅凭鱼翅就有7000万条鲨鱼被杀死的事实。’)”可知，作者通过研究鲨鱼的现状后发现鲨鱼急需保护。故选D项。 4. 推理判断题。由文章最后一段“My unique situation as a shark survivor empowered me to give sharks a voice. I began working with the Hawaii state legislature to help pass a ban on shark-derived products. I partnered with other like-minded shark attack survivors and marine biologists, and we headed to Washington to urge senators to create a nationwide bill protecting sharks.(作为一名鲨鱼口中的幸存者，我的独特处境使我能够为鲨鱼发声。我开始与夏威夷州立法机构合作，帮助通过一项禁止鲨鱼衍生产品的禁令。我与其他志同道合的鲨鱼袭击幸存者和海洋生物学家合作，前往华盛顿，敦促参议员制定一项全国性的鲨鱼保护法案。)”可知，这段主要讲作者发言支持鲨鱼。故选A项。 名校模拟12（2024·江苏连云港·一模）Rita Moreno is one of the very few performers to EGOT: to win an Emmy, a Grammy, an Oscar and a Tony award. But come a little closer, and Moreno’s is another kind of immigrant (移民的) story. She was a teen when MGM (米高梅电影公司) signed her in the 1950s. Major studios were still dominated by the men who’d run them for decades. They had her change her name. While recognizing her talent, they didn’t know what to do with a Latin girl. Moreno played small parts, including a girl from India and a Burmese (缅甸的) woman. What should have been her big break came when she was cast as Anita in West Side Story. She’d remember Anita as “the very first Hispanic (西班牙的) character I had ever played who had dignity, a sense of self-respect. She became my role model. ” The night Moreno won the Oscar, the Hispanic community across the USA broke out into cheers. But that career turn didn’t happen. Instead, she received more offers to play what she described as “dusky servants”. The racial and ethnic prejudice was still at play. “It broke my heart, ”she says. Rita Moreno didn’t make another movie for seven years. Then began her new act. Holding to her mother’s philosophy — Never give in, never quit, keep on moving — she survived professionally during those years with work on the London stage and in nightclubs, slowly reemerging on film and television, and eventually she earned herself a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame and the Peabody Career Achievement Award. But even as she continues to perform, her work continues off the screen, speaking out for and representing the Latin community. “I’m now known as la pionera, or the pioneer,” Moreno says. “I really don’t think of myself as a role model. But it turns out that I am, to a lot of the Hispanic community. Not just in show business, but in life. But that’s what happens when you’re first, right?” 1. What do we know about Moreno in Paragraph 2? A. She was an actress contracted with MGM. B. She had her future well-planned for her talent. C. She was treated as a Hispanic girl with dignity. D. She won the Oscar for acting a Burmese woman. 2. Why didn’t Moreno make movies for seven years after winning the Oscar? A. She did not receive any film offers. B. She rejected roles of racial prejudice. C. She was tired of performing on the stage. D. She focused on her stage career in nightclubs. 3. Which of the following can best describe Moreno? A. Generous and brave. B. Kind and grateful. C. Honest and trustworthy. D. Tough and determined. 4. What can we learn from Moreno’s words in the last paragraph? A. She prefers to be a role model in show business. B. She is unhappy with what happened to an actress. C. She makes a difference to the Hispanic community. D. She feels pressured about being a Hispanic pioneer. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 4. C 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了著名演员丽塔·莫雷诺的演艺之路和对社会的影响。 1. 细节理解题。由文章第二段中“She was a teen when MGM (米高梅电影公司) signed her in the 1950s. (20世纪50年代，当米高梅电影公司签下她时，她还是个十几岁的孩子)”可知，她是与米高梅电影公司签约的演员。故选A。 2. 细节理解题。由文章第三段中“Instead, she received more offers to play what she described as “dusky servants”.  The racial and ethnic prejudice was still at play.  “It broke my heart, ”she says.  Rita Moreno didn’t make another movie for seven years. (相反，她收到了更多的邀请，扮演她所说的“阴暗的仆人”。种族和民族偏见仍然存在。“这伤透了我的心，”她说。丽塔·莫雷诺有七年没有再拍电影了)”可知，莫雷诺在获得奥斯卡奖后的七年里都没有拍电影是因为她拒绝扮演种族偏见的角色。故选B。 3. 推理判断题。由文章第四段中“Holding to her mother’s philosophy — Never give in, never quit, keep on moving — she survived professionally during those years with work on the London stage and in nightclubs, slowly reemerging on film and television, and eventually she earned herself a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame and the Peabody Career Achievement Award. (她坚持母亲的哲学——永不屈服，永不放弃，不断前进——那些年她在伦敦舞台和夜总会工作，慢慢地在电影和电视上重新出现，最终她在好莱坞星光大道上为自己赢得了一颗星星，并获得了皮博迪职业成就奖)”可推知，她是一个坚韧而坚定的人。故选D。 4. 推理判断题。由文章最后一段中“But even as she continues to perform, her work continues off the screen, speaking out for and representing the Latin community. “I’m now known as la pionera, or the pioneer,” Moreno says. “I really don’t think of myself as a role model. But it turns out that I am, to a lot of the Hispanic community. Not just in show business, but in life. But that’s what happens when you’re first, right?” (但即使她继续表演，她的工作也在银幕之外继续，为拉丁社区发声并代表拉丁社区。莫雷诺说:“我现在被称为先驱。“我真的不认为自己是一个榜样。但事实证明，对很多西班牙裔社区来说，我是这样的。不仅在演艺圈，在生活中也是如此。但这就是你第一次做的事，对吧？”)”可推知，她对西班牙裔社区产生了影响。故选C。 名校模拟12（23-24高二下·江苏南京·期末）On November 2, 2021, my friend Lou messaged me with a challenge: “Amy and I are not buying any new clothes for a year…” My immediate reply was, “Definitely!” This might not be what people who know me would expect. As a child, I once invited a girl to my birthday party just because I had seen her in a beautiful dress. My love for fashion has continued into adulthood. However, I am also aware of the significant issues in the fashion industry: it’s highly polluting. There’s also the problem of waste, with the West often dumping (丢弃) unwanted clothing in other regions. So, when the invitation appeared, it seemed like the perfect opportunity to reset my relationship with clothes. The year pushed me to embrace better habits. I've always enjoyed looking for second-hand items, but when my only pair of trainers broke in an unfixable way, I urgently needed a replacement. The Vinted app helped me find one almost as quickly as buying new. I put more effort into making clothes. You quickly realize the labor involved once you start making shorts by yourself. Besides, removing the ease of buying new pushed me towards fixing instead, though a low point was taking a much-loved pair of shoes to a cobbler (修鞋匠), only to be told it’d be “cheaper to buy new”. Even though the year is officially over, I’m hoping to carry on with what I’ve learned. I’m trying to consume less overall, with a one in, one out’ rule with clothes. I’ve been noting down what clothes I wear each day, and whether I get 30 wears out of it (said to be the amount of times necessary to balance out the carbon emissions (排放) created to make a piece of clothing). These approaches are what work for me. But there are loads of different ways to do a fashion challenge. How useful, challenging, or appealing an approach sounds will vary from individual to individual. Whatever you do, roping in friends is recommended. They keep you motivated; they can also share ideas, and possibly clothes! 1. Why did the author accept the challenge of not buying clothes for one year? A. She accepted the challenge to satisfy her friend. B. She was concerned about the threat of fashion industry. C. She thought this would solve the problem of pollution. D. She had had enough of her deep connection with fashion. 2. How did the author feel when told it would be “cheaper to buy new”? A. Shocked. B. Discouraged. C. Frightened. D. Confused. 3. What does the number “30” in paragraph 6 mean? A. The author has been sticking to a 30-item clothing limit. B. A piece of clothing of good quality can be worm at least 30 times. C. The author would wear a piece of clothing 30 times for environmental reasons. D. If a piece of clothing was worn 30 times, no carbon emission would be produced. 4. What is paragraph 7 mainly about? A. Suggestions the author gives to readers. B. The role of friends in achieving success. C. Uniqueness of the author's own experience. D. The change in the way the author views fashion. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. C 4. A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍的是作者通过与朋友进行一年不买新衣服的挑战为时尚行业的高污染和服装浪费问题做出一份贡献。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“However, I am also aware of the significant issues in the fashion industry: it’s highly polluting. There’s also the problem of waste, with the West often dumping (丢弃) unwanted clothing in other regions.(然而，我也意识到时尚行业的重大问题：它的高污染。还有一个浪费的问题，西方经常把不需要的衣服倾倒在其他地区)”可知，作者意识到了时尚行业的污染和浪费问题很严重。由此可知，作者接受一年不买新衣服的挑战是因为她担心时装业带给环境的威胁。故选B项。 2. 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的“Besides, removing the ease of buying new pushed me towards fixing instead, though a low point was taking a much-loved pair of shoes to a cobbler (修鞋匠), only to be told it’d be “cheaper to buy new”.(此外，买新鞋不再那么容易，促使我转而去修理，尽管有一次我把一双非常喜欢的鞋拿到补鞋店，却被告知“买新鞋更便宜”。)”可知，作者拿着鞋子去修补时，修鞋匠却告诉作者买新鞋子更便宜，作者本打算通过修鞋子减少浪费，却听到的是这样的结果，由此可推断，作者听到后会感到有些气馁。故选B项。 3. 词义猜测题。根据划线数字后的“said to be the amount of times necessary to balance out the carbon emissions (排放) created to make a piece of clothing(据说这是平衡制造一件衣服所产生的碳排放所需的时间)”可知，该数字是平衡制造一件衣服所产生的碳排放做需要的时间，也就是把衣服穿30次是为了减少碳排放，保护环境。由此可推断，该数字表示的是出于环境原因，作者会将一件衣服穿30次。故选C项。 4. 主旨大意题。根据第七段中的“These approaches are what work for me. But there are loads of different ways to do a fashion challenge.(这些方法对我很有效。但是有很多不同的方式来挑战时尚)”以及下文具体介绍的挑战时尚的方法和措施可知，本段主要时作者给读者挑战时尚的建议。故选A项。 名校模拟13（23-24高二下·江苏淮安·期末）My senior year at Westfield High School was supposed to be the best year of my life. Instead,  it turned into a lesson about friendship that I would never forget. My best friend, Emily, and I had been inseparable since middle school. But as graduation approached, the stress of exams and college applications began to weigh heavily on us. Emily and I became distant. I was focused on getting into a top university, while Emily was more interested in enjoying our last year together. Our differing goals led to disagreements, and soon enough, we started to argue over the smallest things. One day, things reached a boiling point. We had a huge fight over a group project. Days turned into weeks, and our friendship seemed beyond repair. We avoided each other at school and stopped sitting together at lunch. Our friends tried to help, but neither of us was willing to make the first move. The silence between us was deafening, and I missed her more than I wanted to admit. It wasn’t until our English teacher assigned us to work together on a final presentation that we were forced to confront each other. At first, we worked in tense silence. But as we spent more time together, the ice began to melt. One evening, as we were finishing up our project, Emily broke the silence. “I miss us,” she said softly. “I miss you, too,” I admitted, feeling a lump in my throat. “I’m sorry for being so hard on you. I just wanted everything to be perfect.” “I’m sorry too,” Emily replied. “I should have been more understanding. We’re both stressed, but we shouldn’t let it ruin our friendship.” We hugged, and at that moment, it felt like a weight had been lifted off my shoulders. On the graduation day, we stood side by side, proud of what we had accomplished and grateful to each other. The experience made our bond stronger, and we knew that no matter where life took us, we would always be there for each other. 1. What caused the initial tension between the author and Emily? A. Conflicts over college applications. B. Differences in academic performance. C. Varied priorities about their final year. D. Different approaches to their group project. 2. What made them restore their friendship? A. Their friends’ assistance. B. A school teacher’s intervention. C. Working on a school project together. D. Taking a timely break from each other. 3. How did the author feel after making up with Emily? A. Anxious. B. Relieved. C. Stressed. D. Uncertain. 4. Which of the following suits the story best? A. A friend is easier lost than found. B. A friend in need is a friend indeed. C. True friendship can stand the test of disagreements. D. Friendship, once broken, will never be the same again. 【答案】1. C 2. C 3. B 4. C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和好朋友因为最后一年优先事项各不相同导致了关系紧张，最后通过一起完成学校项目修复了友谊的故事。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Emily and I became distant. I was focused on getting into a top university, while Emily was more interested in enjoying our last year together. (艾米丽和我变得疏远了。我专注于进入一所顶尖大学，而艾米丽更感兴趣的是享受我们在一起的最后一年。)”可知，最后一年的优先事项各不相同导致了作者和艾米丽之间最初的紧张关系。故选C。 2. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“But as we spent more time together, the ice began to melt. One evening, as we were finishing up our project, Emily broke the silence. (但随着我们在一起的时间越来越长，冰开始融化。一天晚上，当我们正在完成我们的项目时，艾米丽打破了沉默。)”可知，一起完成学校的项目使他们恢复了友谊。故选C。 3. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“We hugged, and at that moment, it felt like a weight had been lifted off my shoulders. (我们拥抱在一起，那一刻，我感觉肩上的重担减轻了。)”可知，作者和Emily和好后感觉松了一口气。故选B。 4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The experience made our bond stronger, and we knew that no matter where life took us, we would always be there for each other. (这次经历使我们的关系更加紧密，我们知道，无论生活把我们带到哪里，我们都会永远在一起。)”结合文章主要讲述了作者和好朋友因为最后一年优先事项各不相同导致了关系紧张，最后通过一起完成学校项目修复了友谊的故事。可知，真正的友谊能经受分歧的考验。故选C。 名校模拟15（23-24高二下·江苏宿迁·期末）After having her second child, 35-year-old Eman Wagdy Selim felt that she had a bigger purpose in life. Although her background was in language and translation, the young Egyptian woman, with her husband’s support, had an idea to create a platform called AI Faraza to provide high-quality fruits and vegetables at competitive prices. After listing 150 products, the platform began offering meat and cheese as well through start-up companies. In 2019, Eman developed the project further into an app that allowed Egyptian women and other small-business owners who sold homemade meals, as well as local farmers, to bring their products to a wider audience. Today, AI Faraza, an Egyptian word that refers to careful and attentive selection, supports Egyptian women in particular, providing them with job opportunities and income to secure decent lives for themselves and their families. They also have access to training opportunities to learn how to best prepare, market and sell homemade food to customers in Egypt through the app. Eman’s idea only became a reality after she heard about the One Million Arab Coders Initiative, which provides online training courses to help Arab youth build and master coding skills so they can pursue jobs in digital technologies and develop their own high-tech projects. She enrolled in the Initiative’s Data Analysis track, where she learned how to transform data into successful ideas. Gaining these skills was a vital step towards the success of AI Faraza, and Eman is proud of the personal growth and achievements she has experienced thanks to the Initiative. Overjoyed at the success of her project, Eman says, “AI Faraza has helped change the lives of 800 Egyptian women, and we will continue to grow and develop our project. We promise that we will expand the app’s reach to be accessible to all Egyptian women, wherever they are, so that we can grow together as one team.” 1. What is the initial purpose of ‘AI Faraza’? A. To fulfil her life purpose. B. To offer cost-effective goods. C. To improve Egyptian women’s status. D. To help the locals promote their products. 2. How did Eman help Egyptians? A. By funding locals to expand businesses. B. By providing a platform to increase income. C. By donating daily necessities to secure decent lives. D. By spreading professional knowledge to support them. 3. What plays a crucial role in the success of the project? A. Her optimism for the project. B. The training courses to land jobs. C. The skills acquired in the Initiative. D. Her background in language and translation. 4. Which of the following can best describe Eman? A. Responsible and modest. B. Ambitious and diligent. C. Honest and determined. D. Caring and enterprising. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. C 4. D 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章介绍了35岁的埃曼创建一个名为AI Faraza的平台，销售高质量的蔬菜和水果以及为当地女性提供工作机会和收入的故事。 1. 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Although her background was in language and translation, the young Egyptian woman, with her husband’s support, had an idea to create a platform called AI Faraza to provide high-quality fruits and vegetables at competitive prices. (虽然她的背景是语言和翻译，但这位年轻的埃及女子在丈夫的支持下，有了一个想法，即创建一个名为AI Faraza的平台，以具有竞争力的价格提供高质量的水果和蔬菜。)”可知，她创建AI Faraza的平台的最初目的是：以具有竞争力的价格提供高质量的水果和蔬菜。故选B。 2. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“In 2019, Eman developed the project further into an app that allowed Egyptian women and other small-business owners who sold homemade meals, as well as local farmers, to bring their products to a wider audience. (2019年，埃曼进一步将该项目开发成一款应用程序，允许埃及妇女和其他出售自制饭菜的小企业主以及当地农民将他们的产品带给更广泛的受众。)”可知，埃曼为埃及的妇女提供一款应用程序，出售自制的产品，即通过提供一个增加收入的平台。故选B。 3. 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Eman’s idea only became a reality after she heard about the One Million Arab Coders Initiative, which provides online training courses to help Arab youth build and master coding skills so they can pursue jobs in digital technologies and develop their own high-tech projects. (埃曼的想法在她听说“一百万阿拉伯程序员计划”之后才成为现实。该计划提供在线培训课程，帮助阿拉伯青年建立和掌握编程技能，使他们能够从事数字技术方面的工作，并开发自己的高科技项目。)”以及倒数第二段“She enrolled in the Initiative’s Data Analysis track, where she learned how to transform data into successful ideas. Gaining these skills was a vital step towards the success of AI Faraza, and Eman is proud of the personal growth and achievements she has experienced thanks to the Initiative. (她参加了该倡议的数据分析课程，在那里她学习了如何将数据转化为成功的想法。获得这些技能是AI Faraza走向成功的重要一步，Eman为她在该计划中经历的个人成长和成就感到自豪。)”可知，埃曼在计划中获得的技能是她成功的关键。故选C。 4. 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“After having her second child, 35-year-old Eman Wagdy Selim felt that she had a bigger purpose in life. Although her background was in language and translation, the young Egyptian woman, with her husband’s support, had an idea to create a platform called AI Faraza to provide high-quality fruits and vegetables at competitive prices. (生完第二个孩子后，35岁的埃曼·瓦格迪·塞利姆觉得自己的人生有了更大的目标。虽然她的背景是语言和翻译，但这位年轻的埃及女子在丈夫的支持下，有了一个想法，即创建一个名为AI Faraza的平台，以具有竞争力的价格提供高质量的水果和蔬菜。)”可知，她是有上进心的。以及文章第三段“Today, AI Faraza, an Egyptian word that refers to careful and attentive selection, supports Egyptian women in particular, providing them with job opportunities and income to secure decent lives for themselves and their families. (今天，AI Faraza，一个埃及词，指的是仔细和细心的选择，特别支持埃及妇女，为她们提供工作机会和收入，以确保自己和家人过上体面的生活。)”可知，埃曼是关心他人的。所以选项D符合题意。故选D。 名校模拟16（23-24高二下·江苏苏州·期末）My mom was admitted to the ICU. I got the news 10 minutes before I was scheduled to be interviewed for a higher position. It was unprofessionally last minute to cancel. But I knew I couldn’t give it my full attention. So, I emailed to explain. The program office r replied immediately, urging me to focus on my family. “The overall goal over the coming weeks is to just be a good daughter,” she said. “We can wait.” Since my mother’s cancer diagnosis (诊断), she has overcome many obstacles, for which we are incredibly grateful. But as the years passed and I mixed my caregiving role with my professional responsibilities, I found myself increasingly falling short at work. I was missing events because I was with her for treatments. I didn’t apply to training because I couldn’t focus. I was making silly mistakes, forgetting things and asking for extensions. I feared I was letting down my colleagues. But in time, I came to feel I was in the right place. As it happens, my research is in a field seeking to assess and improve health care. With my mother’s illness, I suddenly went from studying it in a removed way to being completely, heartbreakingly in the middle of it. Besides the helplessness, stress, and sadness, I found I just couldn’t turn off my research brain, studying her care and texting colleagues with ideas, which reassured me that even though I was currently only giving my career about 50% of attention, I was more engaged than ever with my scientific questions. I also learned that some good could come from allowing the boundaries between my work and life to blur (模糊). I received empathy, understanding and kindness from my program officer and colleagues. I learned how being weak brought out the best in people. I no longer try to predict what will happen next. Instead, I try to focus on my newfound appreciation for the things like friendship, connection, and sometimes unexpected support. And although I sometimes miss the clean boundaries I used to have, I’ve learned to embrace the blurriness. 1. What can be learned from the first paragraph? A. The author missed an important interview. B. The author gave up her job due to her mother. C. The author failed to get promoted to be a professor. D. The author was blamed for her absence from an interview. 2. How does the author contribute to the work now? A. By writing papers. B. By entirely working remotely. C. By working as a social worker. D. By providing first-hand resources. 3. Which of the following might the author agree with? A. Roses given, fragrance in hand. B. Every cloud has a silver lining. C. What a man needs most is appreciation. D. When all else is lost, the future still remains. 4. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Empathy, why do I value? B. Work and life, how do I balance? C. Medical research, why do I care? D. Family or career, which do I choose? 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B 4. B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者因母亲生病需要在工作和家庭之间做出选择，最终学会了拥抱这种模糊状态，并从中收获了很多。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段的“My mom was admitted to the ICU. I got the news 10 minutes before I was scheduled to be interviewed for a higher position. It was unprofessionally last minute to cancel. (我妈妈住进了重症监护室。我在预定接受更高职位面试的10分钟前得到了这个消息。取消是不专业的最后一分钟)”可知，作者在面试前十分钟得知母亲住进ICU的消息，虽然取消面试很不专业，但作者还是选择了取消。所以作者错过了一次重要的面试。故选A。 2. 细节理解题。根据第三段的“I found I just couldn’t turn off my research brain, studying her care and texting colleagues with ideas, which reassured me that even though I was currently only giving my career about 50% of attention, I was more engaged than ever with my scientific questions.(我发现我无法关闭我的研究大脑，研究她的护理，并给同事发短信提出想法，这让我放心，尽管我目前只关注我的职业生涯约50%，但我比以往任何时候都更专注于我的科学问题)”可知，作者在研究她母亲的护理时，会给同事们发短信提出自己的想法，这说明作者现在是通过提供第一手资源来贡献自己的工作的。故选D。 3. 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“I also learned that some good could come from allowing the boundaries between my work and life to blur (模糊). I received empathy, understanding and kindness from my program officer and colleagues. I learned how being weak brought out the best in people..(我还了解到，让我的工作和生活之间的界限变得模糊可能会带来一些好处。我从项目官员和同事那里得到了同情、理解和善意。我学会了软弱是如何让人发挥出最好的一面的)”可知，作者意识到脆弱也能激发出人们最好的一面，并开始珍惜友谊、人际关系以及有时意想不到的支持。由此可推知，作者可能会同意“黑暗中总有一丝光明（即每个困难都有好的一面）”的观点。故选B。 4. 主旨大意题。根据最后一段的“I also learned that some good could come from allowing the boundaries between my work and life to blur (模糊). I received empathy, understanding and kindness from my program officer and colleagues. (我还了解到，让我的工作和生活之间的界限变得模糊可能会带来一些好处。我从项目官员和同事那里得到了同情、理解和善意)”以及全文可知，文章主要讲述了作者因母亲生病需要在工作和家庭之间做出选择，最终学会了拥抱这种模糊状态，并从中收获了很多。所以“工作和生活，我如何平衡”适合作本文的标题。故选B。 名校模拟17（23-24高二下·江苏南通·期末）At 67, Margaret Bending performed her first professional show. Taking to the stage in February 2020, Bending launched into a dance and theatre piece accompanied by those all aged over 60. “I was terrified but as soon as we got going, I realized that this was what I had been looking for,” she says. “Moving my body and being surrounded by all these wonderful performers, I felt completely liberated.” Growing up in 1960s Lincolnshire, Bending’s first love was space exploration. Determined to make it into space after witnessing Yuri Gagarin’s Vostok 1 flight as a seven-year-old in 1961, Bending went on to do a PhD at Leicester University and began working at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology on rocket launches. By 1990, she’d had her first child and decided to pause her career to homeschool. Over the next two decades, she homeschooled her other three children until, in 2015, her youngest son departed for university and she found herself with an empty nest at her North Yorkshire home. “It felt as if I was done with working and parenting so it was now time for a new chapter to begin,” she says. Looking back on her childhood hobbies for inspiration during retirement. Bending landed on one memory. “When I was 14 or 15, I played the part of Anitra in a school production and I loved it,” she says. “I remember the joy of dancing.” Bending began researching local performance courses and landed on Leeds Playhouse’s Heydays programme. Every Wednesday morning, she would attend half-day workshops on everything from reading plays aloud to dancing salsa and improvisation (即兴表演) . Now 71, Bending has since become so fond of stage work that in 2023 she performed her own one-woman show, The Story of a Rocket Scientist, dramatising her career to an audience of 80 people. She has also more recently become a paid member of the Performance Ensemble, facilitating community outreach programmes to encourage older people to try their hand at taking part in performance. “The whole experience has been exciting, and it’s made me so much more confident,” she says. “People stop seeing you as an individual in your 60s but by getting on stage we can show the world that we still have things to say, experiences to share and a future to work towards.” 1. How did Bending view her first professional show? A. It was far from perfect. B. It would bring her fame. C. It would improve her fitness. D. It gave her a sense of freedom. 2. What inspired Bending to take up performing? A. A teenage encounter. B. A space flight broadcast. C. Her homeschooling experience. D. Her long-held dream. 3. What do we know about The Story of a Rocket Scientist? A. It had a high box office. B. It is starred by famous actors. C. It is about Bending’s experience. D. It has attracted more seniors to the show. 4. What message does the text intend to convey? A. Rome was not built in a day. B. One is never too old to start. C. Many hands make light work. D. Actions speak louder than words. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 4. B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述Bending在老年完成了工作和育儿后，开始追求自己的爱好——表演的故事。 1. 细节理解题。由文章第一段“‘I was terrified but as soon as we got going, I realized that this was what I had been looking for,’ she says. ‘Moving my body and being surrounded by all these wonderful performers, I felt completely liberated.’(她说：‘我很害怕，但我们一出发，我就意识到这就是我一直在寻找的。移动我的身体，被这些出色的表演者包围，我感到完全解放了。’)”可知，Bending认为她的第一场专业演出给了她一种自由的感觉。故选D项。 2. 细节理解题。由文章第三段“‘When I was 14 or 15, I played the part of Anitra in a school production and I loved it, ’she says.‘I remember the joy of dancing.’(她说：“当我14或15岁的时候，我在一部学校制作的电影中扮演Anitra一角，我很喜欢。我记得跳舞的快乐。’)”可知，青少年时期的一次与表演的邂逅让Bending爱上了表演。故选A项。 3. 细节理解题。由文章第五段“Now 71, Bending has since become so fond of stage work that in 2023 she performed her own one-woman show, The Story of a R$$