2024-2025学年初升高英语衔接语法复习：代词 2 课件

数   单 数 复 数 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称   英文   myself    himself herself itself       中文   我自己   你自己   他/她/它自己   我们自己   你们自己   他们自己 人 称 中英文 yourself ourselves yourselves themselves 考点三 反身代词 含义：反身代词表示“某人自己”。详见下表： 2.用法 　(1)反身代词在句子中用作宾语和表语(不能单独用作主语).如： 　The girl is too young to look after herself. 　这个女孩太小，不能照顾自己。(作宾语) That poor boy was myself 那个可怜的孩子就是我自己。（作表语） 　(2)反身代词作主语或宾语的同位语，起强调主语或宾语的作用。如： 　I myself can do this work well. 　我自己能做好这项工作。(作主语的同位语) 　You can ask the teacher herself. 　你可以问问老师本人。(作宾语的同位语) 3．固定搭配 help oneself to 随便吃/喝 dress oneself 穿衣服 by oneself 单独地= alone enjoy oneself 过得快乐；玩得开心 come to oneself 苏醒 make oneself at home 别拘束 考点四 指示代词 　指示代词是表示指示概念的代词，可以在句子中作主语、表语、宾语和定语。指示代词有： 单数 复数 this (这个) these (这些) 指近处 that (那个) those (那些) 指远处 1．this/that可用于电话用语中，this代表自己，that则代表对方。如： 　Hello! This is Jane.喂！我是简。 　Is that Mike？你是迈克吗？ 　Who is that？你是谁？ 2．it, one, that的用法区别 　为了避免重复，可以用it, one, that代替上文出现的名词。注意以下几点： 　(1)it用来指上文提及的同一个事物或前面提及的情况。it可代替单数可数名词或不可数名词。如： 　She enjoyed the story because it is very interesting. 　她喜欢这个故事，因为很有趣。 　The food is delicious. I like it very much. 　这食物很可口，我很喜欢。 　(2)one用以避免重复单数可数名词。它既可代替事物，泛指同类事物中的一个，也可以代替人，其复数形式为ones。 　My sweater is very old. I'll buy a new one. 　我的毛衣旧了，我要买件新的。 　The green pencils are yours and the red ones are mine. 　绿色铅笔是你的，红色铅笔是我的。 　(3)that用来代替物，不能代替人，它既可以代替可数名词，也可以代替不可数名词，其复数形式为those。如： 　The population of the city is much larger than that of the town. 　这个城市的人口比那个镇的人口多很多。 　The apples in the box are different from those on the table. 　盒子里的苹果与桌上的苹果不同。 The quality of education in this small school is better than ________ in some larger schools. She likes cartoon movies, but I like action ________ . He has no child, and he wants to adopt ________ . I have 50 yuan, my uncle gave ________ to me. The books he bought for me are more expensive than ________ Mary gave me. The weather of Guangzhou is hotter than ________ of Harbin. Look at my new car. Do you want to try ________ . The weather in summer here is like _________ in Beijing. Exercise that ones one it those that it that 考点五 不定代词 1．定义 不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。不定代词大都可以代替名词和形容词。多数可以作主语、宾语、表语或定语。常见的不定代词有：some, any, no, none, one, all, every, each, other, another, either, neither, both, many, much, (a)few, (a)little, a lot of, lots of以及some, any, no, every与thing, body或one构成的复合不定代词。 　He has ____________ friends，but he has ____________ good friends.他有一些朋友，但是他几乎没有好朋友。 　There's still ____________ meat at home，but there's ____________ bread. 家里还有点肉，但是几乎没面包了。 用法 肯定意义 否定意义 修饰可数名词 (复数) a few (几个，一些) few (几乎没有) 修饰不可数 名词 a little (一点) little (很少，不多) a few few a little little 2．常用的意义相近的不定代词之间的辨析 　(1)few, a few, little与a little 　①二者均表示“一些”，既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词。some一般用于肯定句，any一般用于疑问句、否定句和条件状语从句。 　②在疑问句中，表示说话人希望得到肯定回答或表示请求、建议时用some。如： 　Would you like __________？ 　来点儿茶吗？ 　Will you please get ______________ for me? 　请你帮我弄点儿水好吗？ 　 some tea some water 　(2)some与any either “两者中任何一个”，作主语时谓语用第三人称单数; 作定语时后跟名词单数 eg: There are trees on either side of the street. = There are trees on both sides of the street. 使用范围 都 都不 之一 两者 both neither either 三者或三者以上 all none any (3)both, all, neither, either, any与none both…and... “两者都……”（谓语动词用复数形式） either…or... “或者……或者……” (谓语动词遵循就近原则) neither…nor... “两者都不……” (谓语动词遵循就近原则) eg: Both Tom and Lucy are in Grade Two. Tom 和 Lucy 都在二年级。 Either my father or my mother cooks at home. 或者我爸爸或者我妈妈在家烧饭。 Neither he nor I am free today. 我和他今天都没空 ① Either Tom or the twins __ the way to the shop. A. know B. knows C. finds ② Neither you nor I ___ a scientist. A. is B. are C. am ③ Both Tom and Mary ___ Americans. A. is B. are C. am others等于“other＋复数名词”，泛指“别的人或物”。 (4)another，(the)other与(the)others other泛指“另外的”，形容词，不能单独使用，后接名词。 the other(＋单数可数名词)指“两者中的另一个”，常用于“one…the other…”结构。 another泛指“三者或三者以上中的另一个”。 the others等于“the other＋复数名词”，表示“其余所有的人或物”。 I have two brothers.__________ is a doctor，__________ is a teacher. 我有两个兄弟。一个是医生，另一个是教师。 He is always ready to help __________．他总是乐意帮助别人。 Five of them are in the classroom.What about _________？他们中有五个人在教室里。其余的人呢？ another +数词 +复数名词 表示“还…,再…”=数词+more+名词复数 eg：I have another two questions.我还有两个问题。 =I have two more questions. One the other others the others 　指代人的有： someone/somebody(某人), anyone/anybody(任何人), nobody(没人), everyone/everybody(每个人)。 指代事物的有： something(某事，某物), anything(任何事), nothing(没什么)，everything(每件事，一切)。 （5）复合不定代词 　请注意以下几点： 　① 以some和any开头的复合不定代词的用法和some, any的用法一样。 　② 修饰复合不定代词的形容词要放在其后。如： 　Is there ____________________ in today's newspaper? 　今天的报纸有什么重要新闻吗？ 　③ 复合不定代词作主语视为单数。如： 　Nobody __________ his name. 没有人知道他的名字。 anything important knows 1.Catherine tried many ways to solve the problem, but _______ of them worked. (2021年高考，第21小题) A. none B.all C.both D.neither 2.—Which color do you prefer, red or blue? —______. I like green. (2022年高考，第21小题) A. Neither B. Either C.Both D.None 3.A smile cost _______, but gives much. (2019年高考21小题) A.anything B.something C.nothing D.everything 4.Could you stay here a little longer? I have _______ to tell you about my plan for tomorrow. (2020年高考21小题) A.anything B.something C.nothing D.everything 链接高考 1.I can't find my ticket. I think I have lost __. A.it B.one C.this D.them 2.We must protect animals. They are __ friends. A.we B.us C.our D.ours 3.Kate and her sister went on holiday with a classmate of __. A.her B.hers C.their D.theirs 4.My little brother dresses__ every morning. A.he B.him C.himself D.his 5.Could you give me ___ water? A.any B.some C.little D.many 6.Not all students go home on holiday; ___ still stay in the school. A.a little B.none C.a few D.few 7.--Who is in the classroom? --____. A.No one B.None C.Nothing D.No 8.__ of them are famous doctors, but __of them has been to Britain. A.Both;both B.Neither;neither C.Either;either D.Both;neither Exercise $$