2025届高考英语一轮专项复习-状语从句课件

状语从句 一、状语从句的类型及关联词 状语从句根据其用途可分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句、方式状语从句、比较状语从句九种。 时间状语从句:由 when, as, while, whenever, after, before, until / till, as soon as, since, once, directly, immediately, by the time, every time, the moment, the minute, no sooner ... than, hardly ... when等引导。 地点状语从句:由 where, wherever, anywhere, everywhere等引导。 原因状语从句:由 because, since, as, now that, seeing that, considering that, in that等引导。 目的状语从句:由 so, so that, in case, in order that, for fear (that)等引导。 结果状语从句:由 so (that), so ... that, such ... that, with the result that等引导。 条件状语从句:由 if, unless, so / as long as, only if, provided, on condition that, in case, suppose / supposing (that)等引导。 让步状语从句:由 although, though, even if / though, as, whether ... or,“疑问词+ ever”构成的复合词,“no matter +疑问词”等引导。 方式状语从句:由 as, like, as if / though, the way等引导。 比较状语从句:由than或as引导。 二、常用关联词注意事项 1. when (1) when引导时间状语从句时,从句的动作既可与主句的动作同时发生,也可先后发生。如: When he looked back, the woman had disappeared. Don't get excited when you talk. (2) when还可引导条件状语从句,意为“如果”。如: No one can make a dress when they haven't learned how. 2. while (1) while引导时间状语从句时,从句的谓语一般是延续性动词(如work, stay, wait, live等)。如: While you are sorting your things upstairs, I'll pack my books. (2) while 引导让步状语从句时,相当于 although / though。while和although引导的让步状语从句不用倒装语序,though 引导的让步状语从句可以倒装也可以不倒装。如: While / Although / Though I admit that the problems are difficult, I don't agree that they cannot be solved. Happy though the little girl is, she will feel homesick at the beginning. 3. until和till (1) until和till都表示“直到”,常可互换,但till一般不用于句首。如: He determined to stay at the office till / until his year was up. Until I was 21, I never missed attending night school four nights a week. (2) until / till从句与肯定的主句连用时,主句的谓语动词一般是延续性动词,表示主句的动作一直持续到until / till所表示的时间为止。如: Julie stayed up till / until eleven o'clock last night. (3) until / till从句与否定的主句连用时,主句的谓语动词是非延续性动词,表示“直到……才”,即主句的动作到 until / till 所表示的时间才开始。如: I cannot comment further until / till I have all the information. (4) not until后跟从句位于句首时,主句需部分倒装。如: Not until the war was over was Einstein able to return to his homeland. 4. as (1) as引导时间状语从句时,表示“当……时;随着”。如: A look of surprise came into Allison's eyes as she read the message. As I knew him better, I discovered that my impressions had been right. (2) as引导原因状语从句时,一般放在句首,表示十分明显的原因或是已知的事实。如: As it was getting late, I decided to book into a hotel. (3) as引导让步状语从句时,通常用倒装结构。详情如下: a. “形容词+ as +主语+系动词”或“副词+ as +主语+实义动词”。如: Tired as they were, they sat up late. Fast as you read, you can't finish the book in two days. b. 名词+ as +主语+系动词(句首的名词前多不带冠词)。如: Teenager as he is, he has established his own company. (4) as引导方式状语从句时,意为“如,像,按照”。如: I want you to tell my friend your interesting experience exactly as you have told it to me. (5) as引导比较状语从句时,常用于as ... as ... 和not so / as ... as ... 结构中。如: I never went through a final exam that was as difficult as that one. There was no obvious reason why this could not be as good a film as the original. 5. no sooner ... than和hardly ... when意为“一……就……”,引导时间状语时,主句一般用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时。注意:no sooner, hardly 位于句首时,主句的主谓语要部分倒装。如: Mrs Smith had no sooner left the room than they began to talk about her. No sooner had Mrs Smith left the room than they began to talk about her. The star had hardly arrived in Rome when he was surrounded by reporters. Hardly had the star arrived in Rome when he was surrounded by reporters. 6. so ... that和such ... that (1) so ... that 常用于以下结构:①so + adj. / adv. + that 从句;②so + adj. + a(n) +可数名词单数形式+ that从句;③so + many / much / few / little + n. + that从句。如: He was so weak that he could hardly stand up. There was so much smoke that they couldn't see across the hallway. Everything happened so quickly that I hadn't time to think.