Unit 5 Working the Land 核心词汇讲义-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册

Unit 5 Working the Land核心词汇讲义 1.devote[dɪˈvəʊt] vt.把……献(给);把……专用于;专心于 相关词汇：devoted adj. 忠实的；深爱的devotion n．挚爱；关爱；关照；奉献 相关短语:1.devote...to 把……用于；献身；致力；专心2.be devoted to 对……专一/ 专注3.devote oneself to 致力于，献身于4.devote one’s life/time/energy/attention to...把某人的生命/ 时间/ 精力/ 注意力奉献于…… 例：1.Lei Feng wanted to devote his limited life to serving the people limitlessly. 雷锋想要把他有限的生命投入到无限的为人民服务中去。 2.He is devoted to his career and his devotion to protecting environment has won our respect. 他对事业很忠诚并且他对保护环境的献身赢得了我们的尊敬。 2.convince[kənˈvɪns] vt.使相信;使确信;说服 相关词汇：convinced adj.确信的;坚信的convincing adj.令人信服的;有说服力的相关短语:1.convince sb of sth使某人确信/明白某事2.convince sb that...使某人相信…… 3.convince sb to do sth说服某人做某事4.be convinced (that)/of...坚信…… 例：1.The Chinese knot stands for unity and good luck.Meanwhile,I am convinced that it will bring good luck and happiness to your family. 中国结代表着团结和好运。同时,我相信它会给你的家人带来好运和幸福。 2.I'd convinced myself (that) I was right. 我确信自己是正确的。 3.assumption[əˈsʌmpʃn] n.假定;设定;(责任的)承担;(权利的)获得 相关词汇：assume vt.假设;假定 （presumptionprɪˈzʌmpʃ(ə)n/； postulation /pɒstʃəˈleɪʃən/） 相关短语:1.make an assumption做出假设2.a false/wrong/mistaken assumption错误的假设3.be based on an assumption以假设为基础4.assume...to be认为……是……5.assume that...假定/认为……6.It is assumed that...人们认为……7.assuming that...假定…… 例：1.More and more parents prefer to send their children to summer camp,assuming that their children can experience more. 越来越多的父母更喜欢把他们的孩子送往夏令营,认为他们的孩子能够获得更多经历。 2.We are working on the assumption that everyone invited will turn up. 我们假定了每一个人都会应邀出席并正就此作出安排。 4.expand[ɪkˈspænd]  vt. & vi.扩大;增加 vt.扩展;发展(业务) 相关词汇：expansion n.扩大;扩张;扩展 expansive adj. 广阔的；广泛的 相关短语:1.expand into (整体)扩展到2.expand on/upon 展开;更充分地阐述;详谈3.expand to (指数量、金额、图像等)扩大到 例：1.Thanks to your help,my vocabulary has gradually expanded and I’ve understood English grammar.多亏了你的帮助,我的词汇量逐渐增加了,我已经理解了英语语法。 2.Metals expand when they are heated. 金属受热会膨胀。（shrink：收缩） 5.estimate[ˈestɪmeɪt]Vvt.估计;估价;估算[ˈestɪmət ]n.估计;估算 相关词汇：estimated adj.估计的;预计的;估算的 underestimate vt.& n.低估;看轻相关短语:1.be estimated to be/have估计2.It is estimated that...据估计……3.make a rough estimate of sth对……做出粗略的估算4.at a rough estimate粗略估计;粗略说来 例：1.It is estimated that more than one million poor children have been helped by the non-profit organization.据估计,100多万贫困儿童已经得到了这个非营利性组织的帮助。 2.We estimated (that) it would cost about €5 000. 我们估计要花费大约 5 000 欧元。 6. reality[riˈæləti]n.现实;实际情况;事实 相关词汇：real adj.adj.实际存在的，非想象的；名副其实的；真正的，真实的；really.adv adv. 真正地，事实上；确实的 realistic .adj adj. 务实的，实事求是的；实际的， 相关短语：1.in fact/as a matter of fact/in practice实际上;事实上: 2.face/accept reality 面对/ 接受现实3.lose touch with reality 脱离现实4.become a reality 成为现实5.The reality is that... 实际情况是…… 例：1.Outwardly she seemed confident but in reality she felt extremely nervous.表面上她似乎很自信,其实她感到极其紧张。 2.This is not imagination but reality.这不是想像，而是现实。 7.in turn 相应地;转而;依次;轮流 相关短语：1.in one’s turn轮到某人;接着2.by turns轮流;依次3.take turns doing/to do...轮流做……4.it’s one’s turn to do sth轮到某人做某事5.in return作为回应;作为回报6.in return for作为对……的回应/回报(相当于in reward for) 例：1.People try to avoid transportation delays by using their own cars,and this in turn creates further problems.[应用文之观点看法] 人们使用自己的汽车来避免交通延误,而这反过来又造成了进一步的问题。 Family members take turns to cook dinner every day.家庭成员每天轮流做晚饭。 8.essential[ɪˈsenʃl]adj.完全必要的;极其重要的 相关词汇：essentially adv.本质上，根本上；necessary; fundamental;critical; 相关短语：1.be essential to/for对……很重要2.It is essential that...(should) do...做……是完全必要的。3.It is essential for sb to do...对某人来说做……是完全必要的。 例：1.As we all know,advanced technology is essential to the advance of agriculture. 众所周知,先进的技术对农业的发展至关重要。 2.A good diet is essential for everyone.良好的饮食对于每个人都是极为重要的。 9.alternative[ɔːlˈtɜːnətɪv] n.可供选择的事物adj.可供替代的;非传统的 相关词汇：alternatively adv.可供选择地 相关短语：1.have no alternative but to do sth别无选择,只好做某事2.an alternative to...……的替代品3.an alternative method of doing sth做某事的其他方法4.alternative energy 替代能源(指太阳能、风能、水能等) 例：1.Alternative energy,including solar energy,wind energy and hydroelectricity,can be used without running out. 替代性能源,包括太阳能、风能和水力发电,可以用之不竭。 2.I offered the alternative suggestions of spending the vacation in the mountains or by the sea.我提议这个假期不到山上去就到海边去。 10.root[ruːt]  n.根;根茎;根部;根源v.(使)生根 相关短语：1.the root of trouble苦恼的根源2.root out把……彻底根除，杜绝3.at the root of在……根部4.root in扎根于5.be rooted in起源于 例：1.These plants produce a number of thin roots.这些植物会长出很多细根。 2. We need to get to the root of the problem. 我们必须深入问题的根源。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$