高一英语上学期期中考试（天津卷）-2024-2025学年高一英语必修第一册单元重难点易错题精练（外研版2019）

2024-2025学年高一上学期期中考试（天津卷） 英语 （考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：120分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1．—How often do you eat out? —_____, but usually once a week. A．I have no idea B．It depends C．As usual D．Sounds good 2．I felt very happy to get a one-month break from work last year I could travel with my family to Paris. A．where B．when C．which D．that 3．Listen! There must be someone ______ through the jungle. A．walk B．walking C．to walk D．is walking 4．Your______towards life determines how happy you are in daily life. A．supply B．lecture C．attitude D．fault 5．The movie Jaws made people ______ of sharks, especially of the great white sharks. A．frighten B．to frighten C．frightening D．frightened 6．We packed all the books in the boxes_____they wouldn’t get damaged. A．as if B．so that C．in case D．even if 7．Every possible method_____, but none seems to make things work out. A．has been tried B．tried C．is being tried D．has tried 8．—You are a great swimmer. —Thanks. It’s because I ______ a lot these days. A．have been practising B．was practising C．would practise D．had practised 9．All the students felt discouraged because the exercise was the abilities of most of the class. A．under B．beyond C．against D．over 10．You'll find taxis waiting at the station you can hire to reach your host family. A．where B．which C．by which D．on which 11．—I’m sorry for breaking the cup. —Oh, _________一 I’ve got plenty. A．forget it B．my pleasure C．help yourself D．pardon me 12．—What do you think of teaching，Bob? —I find it fun and challenging.It is a job ________ you are doing something serious but interesting. A．where B．which C．when D．that 13．The government has already taken action to prevent people________driving after drinking. A．with B．for C．from D．against 14．His young sister is always curious __ everything about physics and her dream is to be a physicist in the future. A．in B．with C．about D．of 15．_________the advances in technology, people can communicate with each other online. A．In addition to B．Thanks to C．In spite of D．According to 第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16-35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 20-year-old Derrick Byrd doesn’t believe he’s a hero, but rushing through flames — not once, but twice — was his response to a(n) 16 situation. When he 17 to a loud cry and his sister’s scream (尖叫) in the early morning hours of July 4th, Derrick    18 their house was on fire and he called the firemen 19 . He kicked in his sister’s bedroom door, and then he ran downstairs through flames    20 he could catch the children as his sister 21 them jump from the upstairs window. “ Kayla wanted to get the kids out, so I ran downstairs even though I got burnt,” Derrick told KOMO News. Although it was still 22 outside, Derrick safely 23 Junior, 6, and Rory, 3, before Kayla was helped down. The third child, eight-year-old Mercedes, fell back into the room and screamed Derrick’s name as the 24 continued to burn. Derrick didn’t think twice about his own 25 when he ran back into the flames and up the stairs to 26   Mercedes. “ I could feel it burning me,” Derrick said from his hospital bed. “ I got her and took my shirt off and put it around her 27 so she wouldn’t take in any 28 , and I just carried her out as fast as I could.” After making sure his sister and her children were 29 , Derrick got a ride to the hospital. The firefighters arrived on the scene in time and put out the big fire 30 . Everyone there 31 from the fire, thanks to Derrick and Kayla’s 32 and decisive (果断的) actions. Derrick suffered second- and third-degree 33 on his face, back, and arms for his selfless rescue. With bandages(绷带) 34 his burns, the youth told the reporter that he would “ 35 it again in that situation as long as I am alive.” 16．A．exciting B．senior C．intelligent D．horrible 17．A．referred B．applied C．awoke D．turned 18．A．realized B．meant C．expected D．doubted 19．A．specifically B．immediately C．curiously D．confidently 20．A．but B．while C．so D．if 21．A．helped B．watched C．explored D．exchanged 22．A．rainy B．crowded C．dark D．noisy 23．A．touched B．guided C．caught D．raised 24．A．tree B．garden C．car D．house 25．A．topic B．collection C．pain D．award 26．A．select B．rescue C．watch D．support 27．A．face B．legs C．hair D．arms 28．A．gas B．air C．material D．smoke 29．A．happy B．safe C．honest D．calm 30．A．peacefully B．suddenly C．nervously D．finally 31．A．escaped B．figured C．forgot D．gained 32．A．simple B．brave C．common D．easy 33．A．headache B．fever C．marks D．burns 34．A．showing B．covering C．changing D．increasing 35．A．do B．discover C．report D．end 第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Are you looking for a great day camp program for your little ones this summer? Here we have rounded up some of the best summer camps close to New York. Atletico de Madrid This camp once worked with Arsenal Football Club. It offers boys and girls aged 5-16 chances to train with one of the world’s most successful soccer colleges. Two players from the camp will be chosen by coaches to play a game in Madrid in October. This year, this camp will be running for two weeks. Abrons Art Center The Abrons Art Center offers learning experiences in dance, music and theater to campers aged 5-13. Campers will take part in an exchange with professional artists and arts workers, who will explain the artistic process. Extended (延长的) day classes provide more chances for arts learning. A Montessori Summer A Montessori Summer is for children aged 3.5-14. Each week, the program provides the students with a day trip away from school. Usually, children can enjoy the trips to beaches, parks and wildlife preserves(保护区) and they also go mountain-climbing. Certainly, these activities make students’ life more colorful. 92Y The 92Y offers all kinds of experiences to every camper, from their outdoor day camps in beautiful Rockland County (县) (suitable for kids from 5-13 years of age) to their Preschool Day Camp for kids from 3-5 years of age. They also include more camps in the city for kids aged 3-18. From sports to language learning to adventure camps, every kid can pick whatever they like. 36．Campers in Atletico de Madrid may have a chance to ________. A．take a trip to Madrid B．win a two-week free training course C．join Arsenal Football Club for free D．attend a famous soccer college in Madrid 37．Which program best suits campers interested in performances? A．A Montessori Summer B．Atletico de Madrid. C．Abrons Art Center. D．92Y. 38．What can we learn about A Montessori Summer? A．It focuses on animal protection. B．It offers various outdoor activities. C．Campers can learn from some great artists.D．Campers can experience the country side life in America. 39．How is 92Y different from the other three programs? A．It often holds some sports games. B．Its activities mainly take place in cities. C．Its adventure camps are very popular. D．It has suitable camps for kids of different age groups. 40．For whom is the text most probably written? A．Children from poor family backgrounds. B．Children with learning difficulties. C．Parents looking for summer activities for kids. D．Parents searching for family activities. B A cancer survivor has become the first woman to complete an exhausting “Sea to Summit” triathlon（三项全能运动） which saw her swim, cycle, and run over 330 miles in just five days. Andrea Mason was overjoyed when she crossed the finish line early Wednesday morning. The race was set in the French Alps. Setting off at 6:15am on Friday, 39-year-old Mason battled through severe pain, and hallucinations(幻觉)，but she pushed on --managing to complete the race in an impressive four days, 23 hours, and 41 minutes. Andrea had been diagnosed with cancer and needed life-saving surgery. Following a successful operation, she is now hoping to raise awareness of women’s health. In the past year，Andrea set up her own charity, Lady Talk Matters, in order to improve surrounding female’s health. Andrea, from Blackpool in Lancashire, England, said，“I am so happy all went according to plan as there were so many things that could have gone wrong. I wanted to do it in five days， and I did，but it was very tough. I had some low moments, particularly when I couldn’t sleep in my limited rest periods, and when I couldn’t keep any food down as I was running. For sure I had some doubts along the way as I was exploring the unknown with such a huge run, particularly as large parts of it were in the dark. It was bigger than I imagined, the impact on my body was huge. But every time I felt like giving up，I thought about all the women out there in pain or who still hadn’t been diagnosed. That is why I put myself through this.” Andrea had to swim 23 miles around Lake Annecy, cycle 205 miles with 30,000 feet of vertical climbing around Mont Blanc, and run 105 miles with 4,000 feet of vertical climbing around The Ultra-Trail du Mont Blanc. You could say Andrea’s actually spent a lifetime training for an event like this. She completed her first three-mile race “powered by chocolate bars＂ when she was just four. 41．What brought Andrea Mason so much joy？ A．She joined a race B．She defeated cancer. C．She finished a marathon in five days. D．She finished a triathlon lately. 42．What is the purpose of Andrea’s creating her own charity？ A．To help the poor women. B．To promote women’s health. C．To focus on women’s life. D．To raise the status of women. 43．When did Andrea become doubtful during the running？ A．When she couldn’t eat. B．When she couldn’t sleep. C．When she was running at night. D．When she met too many difficulties. 44．What made Andrea finish the race successfully？ A．Her strong willpower. B．Her family’s support. C．Thinking of other women who might have cancer. D．Thinking of other women who had more pain. 45．What does the author mainly tell us in the last paragraph？ A．Andrea liked sports very much. B．Andrea faced huge challenges. C．As a little girl, Andrea won many races. D．Andrea’s success lied in long-term effort. C It’s school time again! You’re probably feeling excited and maybe a little sad that summer is over. Some kids feel nervous or a little scared on the first day of school because of all the new things: new teachers, new friends, and even a new school. Luckily, these “new” worries only stick around for a little while. Let’s find out more about going to a new school. Most teachers kick off the new school year by year introducing themselves and talking about all the stuff you’ll be doing that year. Some teachers give students a chance to tell something about themselves to the rest of the class, too. When teachers do the talking on the first day, they often go over classroom rules and school rules, so you’ll know what’s allowed and what’s not. Please pay close attention. You might already know a lot of people in your classes on the first day, but it’s a great day to make a new friend, so try to say hello to kids you know and new ones that you don’t. Make the first move and you’ll be glad you did, and so will have your new friends! Seeing friends you haven’t seen for a while can make the first day a good one. You can make the day feel special by wearing clothes that you really like. Maybe you got a great T-shirt on one of your vacations, or a pair of sneakers(运动鞋). It also can make you feel good to be prepared and have all the things you need, such as pencils, folders, and whatever else you’ll be needing. But make sure that you pack them the night before in case you don’t have time in the morning. 46．The underlined phrase “kick off” in the second paragraph probably means__________. A．start B．study C．find D．teach 47．The last paragraph mainly tells us about __________. A．what to know about a new school B．how to prepare for a new school C．what to do on your first day of school D．how to spend your first day of school 48．According to the passage you usually do everything the first day of school. Except __________. A．introduce yourself B．learn about the school rules C．make new friends D．go over your new lessons 49．If you happen to see an old friend on the first day of school, from the passage we know that you will feel ___. A．nervous B．lucky C．happy D．strange 50．According to the writer, you can make the day feel special by __________. A．wearing your favourite clothes B．getting up early C．have a good breakfast D．bring a new school bag D Have you ever wanted to see your dreams after you woke up? Artificial intelligence (AI) technology may help you do this in the near future! Researchers from Osaka University in Japan have trained an AI system to recreate images in people’s heads. The pictures AI has created include a teddy bear, an airplane and a clock tower. The technology is 80 percent accurate, reported Science magazine. Previously there have been AI models that can turn a word or phrase into images. The AI has studied lots of images and their text descriptions. Over time, the AI can find patterns and recreate pictures if you first input text. This time, the researchers took a step further. They trained the AI to link people’s brain scan data with images. They asked four people to look at 10, 000 different images, and let the AI find patterns of blood flow in the brain. Then the patterns can be related to the images. If people looked at an airplane, the AI would use the brain scan data to create an image of a very cloudy airplane. Then, it would turn on the previous “text - to - image” model. By feeding the keyword “airplane”, the AI would improve the image and make it more real. “It’s a new method that combines textual and visual information to ‘decipher the brain’”, Ariel Goldstein from Princeton University told Science magazine. Researchers said the technology could someday help people with paralysis to communicate. It might also help scientists understand dreams or even how other animals see the world. 51．What do we know about the AI system mentioned in Paragraph 2? A．It can help train people’s minds. B．It can fully present people’s dreams. C．It was created for drawing people’s heads. D．It can recreate pictures in people’s heads. 52．How did the previous AI models turn phrases into images? A．By understanding the meaning of the words. B．By finding patterns in images and their text descriptions. C．By drawing pictures according to users’ orders. D．By finding different photos from the internet. 53．What is the working process of the new AI system? A．relate with image→scan blood flow→improve the text→turn into the image B．relate with image→turn into text→scan blood flow→improve the image C．scan blood flow→relate with image→turn into text→improve the image D．scan blood flow→turn into text→relate with image→improve the image 54．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．How to know the way animals see the world. B．How people with paralysis talk with others. C．What the new AI technology could be used for. D．How AI technology affects people’s dreams, 55．Which part of a newspaper may this text appear? A．Entertainment. B．Health. C．Education. D．Science. 第二部分:写作(共两节，满分35分) 第一节：阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容完成下列各题。 Dr. Witt is the medical director for the newborn intensive care unit (重症监护室) at Sutter Santa Rosa Regional Hospital. It was 2 a. m. on October 9th,2017, and Dr. Scott Witt was at home with his family when he received a call from the hospital telling him that they were going to evacuate (疏散) the patients because a deadly wildfire was spreading. Witt sent his wife and four children to safety at a nearby church but decided to head for the hospital since he needed to make sure his patents were safe. “The only way I could get there was to get on my motorcycle,” said Witt because the parts of the roads were impassable to big vehicles.“I had to skirt around (绕开) where the fire had spread to,” he said. “The intensive care unit already smelled with a lot of smoke when I arrived and I wanted to move everybody to a parking lot without any fire in it,” Witt said. With the hospital staff’s help, Witt managed to evacuate all eight preemie babies (早产儿) into an ambulance that rushed them to a nearby hospital. Even though Witt had done more than enough, he decided to follow the ambulance to make sure the babies made it to the hospital. “At one point, there was some live wire on the freeway,” Witt said. After seeing the babies to safety, Witt went back to check on his home, which had been burned to the ground. But Witt is grateful that his family was unharmed. “We didn’t have any injuries; we were just happy to be together.” Now, Wit t is being hailed as a hero for his bravery, but he insists he just did what be felt was right. “I feel like these babies are like my own babies,” Witt said.“I just wanted to make sure I was there to help them,” he said. 56．Why were patients evacuated from Sutter Santa Rosa Regional Hospital?(no more than 10 words) 57．How did D₁. Witt reach the hospital during the wildfire?(no more than 10 words) 58．What happened to Dr. Witt’s home during the wildfire?(no more than 10 words) 59．What does the underlined word in the last paragraph mean?(1 word) 60．What do you think of Dr. Witt? Please explain.(no more than 20 words) 第二节：书面表达（满分25分） 61．假设你叫李津，是一名高一的学生。你的英国朋友写信询问你的高中生活，请你写一封回信，说说进入高中两个月的感受。内容包括： 1.描写你的高中生活（与老师同学的关系、学习情况等）； 2.你给高中生的建设（积极参加社团活动、做好时间规划）； 3.我的目标和打算 注意：1.不少于100字； 2.内容充实，行文连贯； 3.开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数 Dear Tom, I am more than delighted to hear from you. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Looking forward to your reply！ Yours Li Jin 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 参考答案： 1．B 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——你多久到外面吃一次饭？——看情况，但通常是一周一次。A. I have no idea不知道；B. It depends看情况而定；C. As usual和往常一样；D. Sounds good听起来不错。此处指在外面吃饭看情况而定，故选B。 2．B 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我很高兴去年有一个月的休假，在那期间我可以和家人一起去巴黎旅行。分析句子可知，I could travel with my family to Paris.为定语从句修饰先行词one-month break，从句缺乏时间状语，故用关系副词when，故选B。 【点睛】关系副词的用法。 1. 关系副词用于引出定语从句，主要有when, where, why： Sunday is the day when very few people go to work. 星期日是没什么人上班的日子。 That’s the reason why he dislikes me. 这就是他不喜欢我的原因。 Do you know a shop where I can find sandals? 你知道哪家商店我能找到凉鞋吗？ 【注】关系副词用于引出定语从句，且在从句中用作状语。关系副词when 表示时间，where表示地点，why表示原因。 2. 使用关系副词的注意点 (1) how 不能用作关系副词，不要想当然地将how用作关系副词置于the way 后表示方式： 他说话就是那个样子。 误：This is the way how he spoke. 正：This is how he spoke. / This is the way (that, in which) he spoke. (2) 关系副词when和where既可引导限制性定语从句，也可引导非限制性定语从句，但why只能引导限制性定语从句，不能引导非限制性定语从句(若引导非限制性定语从句，可用for which reason)。 (3) 引导定语从句时，when 的先行词为时间，where的先行词为地点，why的先行词为原因(主要是the reason)，但是反过来却不一定： Don’t forget the time (that) I’ve told you. 不要忘记我告诉你的时间。 This is the house (that) he bought recently. 这就是他最近买的那座房子。 Please tell me the reason (that) you know. 请告诉我你所知道的原因吧。 本题为when在从句中作时间状语，修饰先行词break。 3．B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：听！一定有人在丛林中穿行。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。不定代词someone与walk之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作定语。故选B。 4．C 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你对生活的态度决定了你在日常生活中的快乐程度。A. supply供应；B. lecture讲座；C. attitude态度；D. fault错误。根据towards life以及句意可知，此处指的是对待生活的态度。故选C。 5．D 【详解】考查形容词。句意：电影《大白鲨》让人们害怕鲨鱼，尤其是大白鲨。frighten“使害怕”，是动词，B项是不定式形式，make跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，frightening“令人害怕的”，说明事物的特征。“make sb. +形容词”表示“让某人……”，因此空格处是形容词frightened，意为“害怕的”，说明人的感受，根据句意，此处表示让人感到害怕。故选D。 6．B 【详解】考查连接词词义辨析。句意：我们把所有的书都打包放进箱子里以便它们不会被毁坏。A. as if仿佛，好像；B. so that以便，为了；C. in case以防，万一；D. even if即使。根据语境可知，此处是指“为了不让书毁坏”才把它们装进木盒子，应用so that引导目的状语从句。故选B项。 7．A 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：所有可能的方法都试过了，但没有一种行得通。分析前半句句子结构可知，主语和谓语动词为被动关系，应用被动语态，排除B/D；表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响，应用现在完成时的被动语态，排除C。故选A。 8．A 【详解】 考查时态。句意:-你游泳很棒。-谢谢。这是因为这些天我一直在练习。根据时间状语these days(这些天)可知，“练习游泳”从数天前开始，一直持续到现在，因此该句应用现在完成进行时态。故选A。 9．B 【详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：所有学生都灰心丧气的，因为这个练习超出了班里大多数人的能力。A. under在…下；B. beyond超出；C. against反对；D. over在…上。超出某人的能力，用beyond one’s ability，故选B。 10．B 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你会发现出租车在车站等着你，你可以雇出租车去接你的寄宿家庭。分析句子结构知，先行词为taxis，定语从句中缺少宾语，且taxis为物，故用which引导定语从句。故选B项。 【点睛】分析定语从句关键抓住两点：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。先行词往往为名词或代词，如本题中先行词为名词taxis，再分析先行词taxis在定语从句中所作的成分，将先行词taxis带到从句中可知，只能作宾语，故确定关系词which。故选B。 11．A 【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——对不起，打坏了你的杯子。——噢，没关系。我还有很多呢。A.forget it得了吧；算了吧；没关系；B.my pleasure不用谢； C.help yourself随便； D.pardon me对不起，再说一遍。根据“I’ve got plenty(我还有很多呢)”可知打碎没有关系。故选A。 12．A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：——你认为教书怎么样，鲍勃？——我发现它有趣，有挑战性。是一个你做严肃有趣的事情的工作。本题定语从句的先行词是job，从句的结构是主谓宾结构，定语关系代词在从句中只能充当地点状语，用关系副词where。故选A。 13．C 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：政府已经采取行动阻止人们酒后驾车。根据句意可知，行动的目的是阻止人们酒后驾车，“prevent sb. from doing sth.”意为“阻止某人做某事”，故空格处应用介词“from”。故选C项。 14．C 【详解】考查固定短语和介词辨析。句意：他的妹妹对物理学的一切都很好奇，她的梦想是将来成为一名物理学家。A.in在……中；B.with和；C.about关于；D.of属于。be curious about是固定短语，意为“对……好奇”，因此空格处是介词about，故选C。 15．B 【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：由于技术的进步，人们可以在线交流。A. In addition to除……之外； B. Thanks to幸亏，由于；C. In spite of尽管；D. According to根据。根据后文“the advances in technology, people can communlcate with each other only ”可知，由于技术的进步，人们可以在线交流。故选B。 16．D 17．C 18．A 19．B 20．C 21．A 22．C 23．C 24．D 25．C 26．B 27．A 28．D 29．B 30．D 31．A 32．B 33．D 34．B 35．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述20岁的德里克不顾自己烧伤冲进火里救助孩子们的勇敢行为。 16．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：20岁的德里克·伯德不相信自己是英雄，但他冲进火焰——不是一次，而是两次——是他对可怕情况的反应。A. exciting令人激动的；B. senior资深的；C. intelligent智能的；D. horrible可怕的。根据上文“but rushing through flames — not once, but twice”冲进火焰这是对可怕情况的反应，故选D。 17．考查动词词义辨析。句意：7月4日凌晨，当他被一声巨大的哭声和姐姐的尖叫声惊醒时，德里克意识到他们的房子着火了，他立即叫来了消防员。A. referred涉及；B. applied应用，申请；C. awoke唤醒；D. turned转动。根据下文“a loud cry and his sister’s scream (尖叫) in the early morning hours”可知早晨很早，应是被哭声和尖叫声惊醒，故选C。 18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. realized意识到；B. meant意味着；C. expected期盼；D. doubted怀疑。根据下文“their house was on fire”和选项可知应是意识到房子着火了，故选A。 19．考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. specifically特有地；B. immediately立即；C. curiously好奇地；D. confidently有信心地。根据上文“their house was on fire and he called the firemen ”可知意识到他们的房子着火了，应是“立即”叫来了消防员。故选B。 20．考查连词词义辨析。句意：他踢开了姐姐卧室的门，然后穿过火焰跑下楼，这样他就能在姐姐帮助孩子们从楼上窗户跳下去的时候接住他们。A. but但是；B. while然而；C. so因此，以便；D. if如果。分析可知，这里的so可以理解为so that省略了that，表示“以便，为了”，故选C。 21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. helped帮助；B. watched观看；C. explored探索；D. exchanged交换。根据下文“them jump from the upstairs window.”及上文着火了可知是帮助孩子们逃出来，故选A。 22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然外面天还很黑，但在凯拉被扶下来之前，德里克安全地接住了6岁的朱尼尔和3岁的罗里。A. rainy下雨的；B. crowded拥挤的；C. dark黑暗的；D. noisy喧闹的。根据上文“in the early morning hours”可推测天还很黑，故选C。 23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. touched触摸；B. guided指导；C. caught接住；D. raised提升。根据上文“he could catch the children”可知是catch的词汇复现，安全地接住孩子，故选C。 24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：第三个孩子，8岁的梅塞德斯，倒在房间里尖叫着德里克的名字，房子还在继续燃烧。A. tree大树；B. garden花园；C. car小汽车；D. house房子。根据上文“their house was on fire”可知是房子还在继续燃烧，故选D。 25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：德里克没理会自己的疼痛毫不犹豫地跑回火场，爬上楼梯去救梅塞德斯。A. topic主题；B. collection收藏品；C. pain疼痛；D. award奖赏。根据上文“Kayla wanted to get the kids out, so I ran downstairs even though I got burnt”可知德里克烧伤了，但是他不管自己的疼痛，回去救梅塞德斯，故选C。 26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. select选择；B. rescue救援；C. watch观看；D. support支持。根据上文“The third child, eight-year-old Mercedes, fell back into the room and screamed Derrick’s name as the 　　9　　 continued to burn.”可知是梅塞德斯被困在房间里，所以德里克去救她，故选B。 27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我抓住她，脱下我的衬衫，把它围在她的脸上，这样她就不会吸入任何烟雾，然后我就以最快的速度把她抬了出去。A. face脸；B. legs腿；C. hair头发；D. arms胳膊。根据下文“so she wouldn’t take in any 　　13　　”可知是为了不让孩子被烟呛到，所以是用衬衫围住脸，故选A。 28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. gas天然气；B. air空气；C. material原料；D. smoke烟雾。根据前文房子着火，可知是为了防止吸入烟雾，故选D。 29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在确认了姐姐和孩子们的安全后，德里克搭便车去了医院。A. happy高兴的；B. safe安全的；C. honest诚实的；D. calm镇静的。根据前文可知德里克烧伤了，但是仍然在帮助姐姐救孩子，所以应该是确认姐姐和孩子们的安全后才去医院，故选B。 30．考查副词词义辨析。句意：消防队员及时赶到现场，终于扑灭了大火。A. peacefully和平地；B. suddenly突然；C. nervously紧张地；D. finally最终。根据上文“The firefighters arrived on the scene in time”和常识可知消防员及时赶到现场，最后扑灭了大火，故选D。 31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：多亏了德里克和凯拉勇敢果断的行动，所有人都从火场中逃了出来。A. escaped逃脱；B. figured计算；C. forgot忘记；D. gained获得。根据前文可知德里克和凯拉把孩子们都救了出来，所以是所有人都从火场中逃了出来，故选A。 32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. simple简单的；B. brave勇敢；C. common普遍的；D. easy容易的。根据前文德里克和凯拉救人及下文“decisive (果断的) actions”，可知是勇敢的，故选B。 33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：德里克的面部、背部和手臂被二度和三度烧伤，因为他无私的救援。A. headache头疼；B. fever发烧；C. marks记号；D. burns烧伤。根据前文可知德里克为了救人烧伤了，所以这里应该是面部、背部和手臂被二度和三度烧伤，故选D。 34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他用绷带盖住烧伤部位，他告诉记者，“只要我活着，在那种情况下我还会再做一次。”A. showing展示；B. covering覆盖；C. changing改变；D. increasing增加。根据上文“Derrick suffered second- and third-degree 　　18　　 on his face, back, and arms for his selfless rescue.”可知他被烧伤，所以用绷带盖住烧伤部位，故选B。 35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. do做；B. discover发现；C. report报告；D. end结束。根据下文“again in that situation as long as I am alive.”以及前文他无私救人的行为，可知再发生这种情况，他还会那样做，故选A。 36．A 37．C 38．B 39．D 40．C 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个在纽约附近适合儿童的夏令营项目。 36．细节理解题。根据第二段中的句子“Two players from the amp will be chosen by coaches to play a game in Madrid in October.(两名来自营地的球员将在十月份被教练挑选去马德里参加一场比赛)”可知，马德里竞技的营员们可能有机会去马德里旅行。故选A项。 37．细节理解题。根据第三段中句子“The Abrons Art Center offers learning experiences in dance，music and theater to campers aged 5-13.Campers will take part in an exchange with professional artists and arts workers，who will explain the artistic process.(Abrons艺术中心为5到13岁的营员提供舞蹈、音乐和戏剧方面的学习经验。营员将与专业艺术家和艺术工作者进行交流，由他们讲解艺术过程)”可知，Abrons艺术中心最适合对表演感兴趣的营员。故选C项。 38．细节理解题。根据第四段的句子“Each week, the program provides the students with a day trip away from school. Usually, children can enjoy the trips to beaches, parks and wildlife preserves(保护区) and they also go mountain-climbing.(每周，该项目为学生提供一天的校外旅行。 通常，孩子们会喜欢去海滩、公园和野生动物保护区旅行，他们也会去爬山)”可知，A Montessori Summer为孩子们提供多种户外活动。故选B项。 39．细节理解题。根据最后一段的句子“The 92 Y offers all kinds of experiences to every camper，from their outdoor day camps in beautiful Rockland County（suitable for kids from 5-13 years of age）to their Preschool Day Camp for kids from3-5 years of age.They also include more camps in the city for kids aged 3-18.(92 Y为每个露营者提供各种体验，从美丽的罗克兰县的户外日间露营（适合5到13岁的儿童）到适合3到5岁儿童的学前日间露营。他们还为3到18岁的孩子提供更多的营地)”可知，92Y和其他三个项目的不同在于它有适合不同年龄段孩子的营地，而其他活动都只针对某个年龄群。故选D项。 40．推理判断题。根据文章第一句话“Are you looking for a great day camp program for your little ones this summer?(今年夏天，你在为你的孩子们寻找一个很棒的日间夏令营项目吗？)”可以推出，该文章是写给那些为孩子寻找暑期活动的家长的。故选C项。 41．D 42．B 43．C 44．C 45．D 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了身患癌症的妇女Andrea Mason成功完成三项全能运动的故事。 41．细节理解题。根据第一段“A cancer survivor has become the first woman to complete an exhausting “Sea to Summit” triathlon（三项全能运动） which saw her swim, cycle, and run over 330 miles in just five days. Andrea Mason was overjoyed when she crossed the finish line early Wednesday morning.”（一位癌症幸存者成为第一位完成“从海到顶峰”令人筋疲力尽的三项全能的女性，她在短短五天内游泳、骑自行车、跑了330英里。星期三早上，Andrea Mason冲过终点线时欣喜若狂。）可知，是最近完成了三项全能运动给Andrea Mason带来快乐。故选D项。 42．推理判断题。根据第二段中“In the past year，Andrea set up her own charity, Lady Talk Matters, in order to improve surrounding female’s health.”（在过去的一年里，Andrea成立了她自己的慈善组织“女性话题”，以改善周围女性的健康状况。）可知，Andrea成立自己的慈善组织是为了促进妇女健康。故选B项。 43．细节理解题。根据第三段中“For sure I had some doubts along the way as I was exploring the unknown with such a huge run, particularly as large parts of it were in the dark. It was bigger than I imagined, the impact on my body was huge.”（当然，当我用这么大的速度探索未知的地方时，我有一些迟疑，特别是当它的大部分是在黑暗中。这比我想象的要大，对我身体的影响是巨大的。）可知，当Andrea在晚上跑步时，她变得有些迟疑。故选C项。 44．推理判断题。根据第三段中“But every time I felt like giving up，I thought about all the women out there in pain or who still hadn’t been diagnosed. That is why I put myself through this.”（但是每次我想放弃的时候，我就会想到那些处在痛苦中或者还没有被诊断出来的女性。这就是我让自己经历这一切的原因。）可知，最终使Andrea成功完成比赛的是想到其他可能患有癌症的女性。故选C项。 45．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“You could say Andrea’s actually spent a lifetime training for an event like this.”（你可以说Andrea为了这样的比赛花了一辈子的时间来训练。）可知，Andrea的成功基于长期的努力。故选D项。 46．A 47．B 48．D 49．C 50．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在新学校的第一天，学生可能会经历的事、应该做的事和该做的准备。 46．词义猜测题。根据划线短语后面的“...introducing themselves and talking about all the stuff you’ll be doing that year.(……介绍自己，谈谈你这一年要做的事情)”可知，这通常是老师在新学年开始时所做的事。所以划线短语kick off是“开始”的意思。故选A项。 47．主旨大意题。根据最后一段的句子“You can make the day feel special by wearing clothes that you really like. Maybe you got a great T-shirt on one of your vacations, or a pair of sneakers (运动鞋). It also can make you feel good to be prepared and have all the things you need, such as pencils, folders, and whatever else you’ll be needing. But make sure that you pack them the night before in case you don’t have time in the morning.(你可以穿你真正喜欢的衣服，让这一天变得特别。 也许你在某个假期买了一件很棒的体恤衫，或者一双运动鞋。 准备好所有你需要的东西，比如铅笔、文件夹和其他你需要的东西，也会让你感觉良好。 但一定要在前一天晚上把它们打包好，以防第二天早上你没有时间)”可知，本段主要讲的是如何为在新学校的第一天做准备。故选B项。 48．细节理解题。根据第二段的第二句话“Some teachers give students a chance to tell something about themselves to the rest of the class, too.(有些老师也给学生机会向全班同学介绍自己)”可知，在新学校的第一天，有的老师会给学生机会向全班同学介绍自己，所以A项中的事是学生可能要做的。根据第二段的最后一句“When teachers do the talking on the first day, they often go over classroom rules and school rules, so you’ll know what’s allowed and what’s not. Please pay close attention.(当老师在第一天讲话时，他们通常会回顾课堂规则和学校规则，所以你会知道什么是允许的，什么是不允许的。 请密切关注)”可知，B项中的事是学生要做的。根据第三段的句子“...but it’s a great day to make a new friend, so try to say hello to kids you know and new ones that you don’t.(……但这是结交新朋友的好日子，所以试着向你认识的孩子和不认识的新朋友打招呼)”可知，交新朋友也是学生应该做的事。而文章中没有提到在第一天复习功课的事。故选D项。 49．细节理解题。根据最后一段的第一句话“Seeing friends you haven’t seen for a while can make the first day a good one.(见到许久未见的朋友会让第一天过得很愉快)”可知，在新学校的第一天遇到老朋友会让人高兴。故选C项。 50．细节理解题。根据最后一段的第二句话“You can make the day feel special by wearing clothes that you really like.(你可以穿你真正喜欢的衣服，让这一天变得特别)”可知，学生可以穿上真正喜欢的衣服，让这一天感觉很特别。故选A项。 51．D 52．B 53．C 54．C 55．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一种新型的可以重现人们头脑中的图像的人工智能系统。 51．细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Researchers from Osaka University in Japan have trained an AI system to recreate images in people’s heads. ”（日本大阪大学的研究人员训练了一个人工智能系统来重现人们头脑中的图像）可知，这种人工智能系统可以重现人们头脑中的图像，故选D项。 52．细节理解题。根据文第三段后两句“The AI has studied lots of images and their text descriptions. Over time, the AI can find patterns and recreate pictures if you first input text. ”（人工智能已经研究了许多图像及其文本描述。随着时间的推移，如果你第一次输入文本，人工智能可以找到图案并重新创建图片）可知，以前的系统是通过在图像及其文本描述中找到图案，故选B项。 53．细节理解题。根据第三段的“They asked four people to look at 10, 000 different images, and let the AI find patterns of blood flow in the brain. Then the patterns can be related to the images.”（他们让四个人看一万张不同的图像，让人工智能找到大脑中的血流模式。然后可以将图案与图像相关联）”和第四段的“If people looked at an airplane, the AI would use the brain scan data to create an image of a very cloudy airplane. Then, it would turn on the previous “text - to - image” model. By feeding the keyword “airplane”, the AI would improve the image and make it more real. ”（如果人们看着一架飞机，人工智能会使用大脑扫描数据来创建一张模糊的图像。然后，它将打开以前的“文本到图像”模型。通过输入关键词“飞机”，人工智能将改善图像，使其更加真实）可知，正确的过程是：扫描血流—与图像关联——输入文字—改善图像，故选C项。 54．主旨大意题。由文最后一段“Researchers said the technology could someday help people with paralysis to communicate. It might also help scientists understand dreams or even how other animals see the world.”（研究人员表示，这项技术有朝一日可以帮助瘫痪患者进行交流。它还可能帮助科学家理解梦境，甚至帮助其他动物如何看待世界）可知，本段主要介绍新的人工智能技术的用途，故选C项。 55．判断推理题。纵观全文内容可知，本文主要介绍一项新的人工智能技术，属于科技类。由此推知，本文很有可能出现再报纸的“科学版面”。故选D项。 56．Because a deadly wildfire was spreading in the area. 57．He rode his motorcycle to the hospital / He went to the hospital by motorcycle. 58．It was burned to the ground. 59．Praised. 60．Dr. Witt is brave and responsible. He saved the lives of eight babies. I think he is a hero. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了医生Scott Witt在2017年10月9日凌晨接到医院电话后，面对致命野火的威胁，他决定前往医院确保他的病人安全，并成功地将八名早产儿转移到附近医院的英勇行为。 56．考查细节理解。根据第一段中“It was 2 a. m. on October 9th,2017, and Dr. Scott Witt was at home with his family when he received a call from the hospital telling him that they were going to evacuate (疏散) the patients because a deadly wildfire was spreading.(2017年10月9日凌晨2点，斯科特·威特(Scott Witt)医生和家人在家里，接到医院打来的电话，说他们要疏散病人，因为一场致命的野火正在蔓延。)”可知，要疏散病人是因为一场致命的野火正在该地区蔓延。故答案为Because a deadly wildfire was spreading in the area。 57．考查细节理解。根据第二段中““The only way I could get there was to get on my motorcycle,” said Witt because the parts of the roads were impassable to big vehicles.(威特说：“我能去那里的唯一办法就是骑摩托车。”因为有些路段无法让大型车辆通行。)”可知，威特医生是骑摩托车去的医院。故答案为He rode his motorcycle to the hospital / He went to the hospital by motorcycle。 58．考查细节理解。根据第五段中“After seeing the babies to safety, Witt went back to check on his home, which had been burned to the ground.(在把孩子们送到安全地带后，威特回到被烧毁的家中查看情况。)”可知，威特医生的家在野火中被烧成了灰烬。故答案为It was burned to the ground。 59．考查词句猜测。根据划线词下文“...as a hero for his bravery(因为他的勇敢而作为英雄……)”可知，威特因为其勇敢而被作为英雄颂扬，划线词意为“称赞，颂扬”，与prasie同义。故答案为Praised。 60．开放性问题。根据文章内容可知，医生斯科特·威特在2017年10月9日凌晨接到医院电话后，面对致命野火的威胁，他毅然决定前往医院确保他的病人安全，并成功地将八名早产儿转移到附近医院。由此可知，威特医生勇敢且有责任感觉。他拯救了八个婴儿的生命。我认为他是一个英雄。故答案为Dr. Witt is brave and responsible. He saved the lives of eight babies. I think he is a hero。 61．Dear Tom, I am more than delighted to hear from you. I’m writing to talk about my feelings after entering high school for two months in reply to your last letter. At first, I found it a little difficult to get used to the senior school life. The subjects we are learning are obviously more difficult. Besides, with endless homework to do, we almost have no time for exercise and other activities. Fortunately, the teachers and classmates are all helpful and kind. It is with their help that I have overcome my fear and made great progress. So my advice to high school students is to be patient and have trust in your teachers and classmates, who won’t disappoint you.     High school is an important stage of life. In order to enter my favorite university, I must actively participate in extracurricular activities and prioritize effective time management. How about your school life? Looking forward to your reply！ Yours, Li Jin 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友写一份回信，介绍进入高中一个月的感受。 【详解】1.词汇积累 困难：difficult→hard 显然：obviously→apparently 除了：besides→in addition 幸运：Fortunately→Luckily 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：In order to enter my favorite university, I must actively participate in extracurricular activities and prioritize effective time management. 拓展句：I must actively participate in extracurricular activities and prioritize effective time management in order that I can enter my favorite university, 【点睛】【高分句型1】The subjects we are learning are obviously more difficult.(运用了省略that引导的定语从句) 【高分句型2】So my advice to high school students is to be patient and have trust in your teachers and classmates, who won’t disappoint you.(运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句) 答案第1页，共2页 答案第1页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$