Unit 6 课时作业(13)(Word练习)-【状元桥·优质课堂】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第二册（北师大版2019）

课时作业(十三) (限时：40分钟) Ⅰ．阅读 Scientists have made great discoveries．But how have they influenced our personal lives? Do kids in your classroom even know when Einstein lived? You may be wondering: but why is it important to teach kids about modern-day scientists? First, stories of scientists can encourage kids．Chris Hadfield is a Canadian who went to space, and he's a real guitar-playing person．He makes singing videos on YouTube! His story can make kids think scientists are also common people．Hearing scientists' stories makes kids think “I can do that too！” But not only that, the stories of famous scientists can encourage kids to never give up．Bill Nye was always refused when trying to be an astronaut．But today, he's made a lot of successes in his role as a popular science educator and engineer．Besides, it's no secret that scientific discoveries require trying and trying again． Another way some scientists can encourage kids is through their diversity．Neil deGrasse Tyson, for example, is an African-American, which is not common in his field．Such stories can make kids think anyone can be a scientist． It's important to know that scientists don't need to be “gifted” or “good” at school． Often we consider a scientist as being an extremely smart kid at school．That doesn't have to be true．They just need to have a great interest in science．Telling students stories of scientists can encourage them to show interest in science．As long as they're interested, they are likely to become a scientist in the future． Modern scientists teach kids that knowledge builds upon the foundation(基础) others have laid．This is important—no one can do it alone．Scientists' stories can encourage today's young scientists to keep trying．They'll be encouraged not to give up on the dream of making discoveries．Even if they haven't made important discoveries, their research may help the following scientists． 语篇导读 主题语境：人与自我/做人与做事。本文为说明文，主要介绍了以科学家的故事来教育孩子所带来的积极影响。 1．What can Chris Hadfield's story tell students? A．Scientists are interested in different things． B．Students should have a hobby of their own． C．Scientists can be ordinary like people around us． D．Students should consider scientists as their models． 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段末句可知，克里斯·哈德菲尔德的故事告诉学生们科学家可以像我们周围的人一样平凡，故选C项。 2．Which of the following would the author agree with? A．African-Americans are more likely to become scientists． B．Scientists are not necessarily very smart at school． C．Not all scientists really show interest in science． D．Scientists are usually good at their schooling． 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段前三句可推知，作者认为科学家不一定是在学校里很聪明的孩子，故选B项。 3．What does the author tell us in the last paragraph? A．Scientists should help each other． B．A scientist should never give up trying． C．Making discoveries is necessary for scientists． D．New scientific discoveries may depend on others' findings． 答案　D 解析　段落大意题。根据最后一段可知，该段主要介绍新的科学发现可能是以别人的发现为基础的这一观点，故选D项。 4．What is the text mainly about? A．Why scientists are important to us． B．Why scientists can encourage students． C．Why students love stories of scientists． D．Why students should be taught about scientists． 答案　D 解析　主旨大意题。本文主要讲述用科学家的故事来教育孩子所带来的积极影响。D项(为什么要教学生了解科学家)能概括文章主旨，故选D项。 Two years ago, Michael Weyne heard about a company that collects unwanted things and recycles(回收再利用) them．He had an idea．He'd heard a neighbor talking with his father about paint cans taking up space in his house．“I wish someone would take them away，” the neighbor said．Michael thought, “I can do that．” Michael, 12, lives in Chappaqua, New York．In New York and many other states, paint and paint cans have to be recycled in a special way．Michael found that if his neighbor has difficulty in dealing with paint cans, others were too．He was right．In two years, The Paint Can Kid has had more than 600 customers in his community and made nearly $10,000, all while helping the planet． Michael promotes(推销) his service online．Twice a week, Michael and his dad drive around making pickups(收集) of unwanted paint cans．Michael charges(要价)$2 per can．One person asked him to pick up 200 cans．It took two trips． Michael gives nearly full cans to Habitat for Humanity, which builds homes for people in need．As for the rest, he empties the paint into a large box and lets it dry out．It forms something very useful that can be used as protective coverings for plants．The cans are made of steel(不锈钢), which also can be recycled．Last Earth Day, Michael recycled 150 cans．This year, he plans to recycle 2,000! If Michael can't make a pickup, he pays his brother or sister $20 to make the pickup．Michael hopes to grow the business and turn The Paint Can Kid into a big company．“And if I decide to do something else，” he says, “I'd love to hand the business over to my brother or my sister．” 语篇导读 主题语境：人与社会/社会交往。本文为新闻报道。美国男孩Michael创办公司帮助人们回收油漆罐。 5．What do we know about The Paint Can Kid? A．It is in fact run by Michael's father． B．It has got some support from locals． C．It offers excellent after-sales service． D．It is the first paint can recycling program in New York． 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，Michael Weyne创办的The Paint Can Kid主要业务是回收油漆罐，开办两年来，得到了一些当地人的支持，故选B项。 6．If someone needs Michael to collect his unwanted paint cans, what should he do? A．Dry all the cans out． B．Empty the cans at first． C．Pay some money to Michael． D．Take the cans to Michael's home． 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段第二、三句可知，Michael提供上门收取油漆罐的服务，但客户需按每罐2美元的费用支付他的服务，故选C项。 7．What does Habitat for Humanity mainly want to get from Michael? A．The paint left in the unwanted paint cans． B．The money that it needs to build houses． C．The steel that is used to make the paint cans． D．The protective coverings that Michael makes from the paint． 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第一句可知，Michael把那些几乎还全满的油漆罐赠送给Habitat for Humanity，而该机构为有需要的人们修建房屋。因此该机构主要是从Michael那儿获取旧油漆罐中的油漆，故选A项。 8．Which of the following can best describe Michael? A．Easy-going． B．Fun-loving． C．Self-centered． D．Business-minded． 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。通读全文可知，Michael回收油漆罐赚了不少钱，并希望能扩大他的生意，成立一个大公司。由此推知，Michael非常具有商业头脑，故选D项。 Ⅱ．完形填空 In 1896, 17-year-old Einstein went to Zurich to study physics．There he met Marits, a girl from Hungary．They studied in the same class and the same interest in physics brought the two together and they became good 　1　．Before long, they fell in love with each other．In 1903, when Einstein was 24, he 　2　Marits, who was four years older than he．　3　 their marriage, Einstein 　4　 himself to the research of the great theory of relativity．To give her husband more help, Marits gave 　5　 her own work, and became a good wife and 　6　．She tried her best to encourage him 　7　 possible．She was sure that her husband would succeed．They often discussed the theory while walking outside or sitting together in the room．They 　8　 did that in their letters when one of them was 　9　 from home． In 1914, the Einsteins moved to Berlin and 　10　 down there．At that time, Einstein's theory 　11　 to be correct and he became famous all over the world． Marits was very 　12　 her husband with his success．But it was not long 　13　 the First World War 　14　．Marits as well as her two sons, who were 　15　 holiday in Switzerland, couldn't come back to Berlin any longer．The war not only stopped Einstein's work but also broke up the warm, happy family．In 1919, Einstein and Marits had to get divorced． 1．A．pairs B．couples C．friends D．classmates 2．A．saved B．defeated C．married D．blamed 3．A．Since B．For C．With D．After 4．A．gave B．offered C．forced D．devoted 5．A．off B．out C．up D．in 6．A．cook B．mother C．friend D．assistant 7．A．whatever B．whenever C．however D．wherever 8．A．even B．never C．seldom D．sometimes 9．A．beyond B．off C．out D．away 10．A．put B．settled C．took D．sat 11．A．seemed B．appeared C．proved D．looked 12．A．proud of B．praised for C．pleased with D．worried about 13．A．when B．before C．since D．as 14．A．figured out B．worked out C．turned out D．broke out 15．A．in B．at C．on D．for 语篇导读 主题语境：人与社会/对社会有突出贡献的人物。本文为记叙文，介绍了爱因斯坦与妻子的相识、相知及妻子对他在学术上的帮助。 1．答案　C 解析　根据空前部分句意“……对于在物理方面同样的兴趣使得他们两个人走到一起”以及下文“不久，他们相爱了”可知，这里是指他们成为好朋友。 2．答案　C 解析　根据下文的marriage可知，此处指爱因斯坦娶了玛丽兹。 3．答案　D 解析　根据语境可知，他们结婚以后，爱因斯坦投身于相对论的研究。 4．答案　D 解析　devote oneself to sth致力于某事，为固定搭配。 5．答案　C 解析　为了给丈夫提供更多的帮助，玛丽兹放弃了自己的工作。 give up放弃，符合句意。 give off发出(光和热等)；give out发出，分发；give in屈服，故选C项。 6．答案　D 解析　根据上文中的…her husband more help及下文可知，此处指玛丽兹成为爱因斯坦的贤妻和助手(assistant)。 7．答案　B 解析　根据句意“不管什么时候，只要有可能，玛丽兹都尽力去鼓励他”可知，whenever符合语境。 8．答案　A 解析　根据上文可知，他们总是一起讨论问题。此处用even表示程度进一步加深，即“他们甚至在信中也讨论问题”。 9．答案　D 解析　根据上文中的in their letters可知，此处是说他们其中一个不在家的时候。 be away from home不在家，符合语境。 10．答案　B 解析　根据空前的moved to Berlin可知，爱因斯坦一家在柏林定居。 settle down定居。 11．答案　C 解析　根据空后的to be correct和he became famous all over the world可推知，爱因斯坦的理论被证明(prove)是正确的。 12．答案　A 解析　根据上下文来看，玛丽兹为丈夫的成功感到自豪。be proud of 以……自豪；be praised for 因……而受到赞美；be pleased with 对……感到高兴；be worried about 对……担忧，故选A项。 13．答案　B 解析　It was not long before为固定句式，意为“不久就……”。 14．答案　D 解析　不久就爆发了第一次世界大战。figure out想出；work out锻炼；turn out结果是；break out爆发，故选D项。 15．答案　C 解析　他们母子三人在瑞士度假。be on holiday在度假。 Ⅲ．语法填空 Wu Zetian, the only woman emperor to rule ancient China, is considered 1． one of the most powerful women in Chinese history． She was born into a(n) 2． (wealth) family with great beauty and intelligence．This beautiful girl, unlike others in ancient China, 3． (be) in favour of reading and often travelled around the country with her father when she was young, 4． increased her knowledge and developed her talents．When she was about fourteen, she 5． (send) to the palace and married to the Emperor．After many difficulties and hardships, she 6． (successful) made herself queen．A few years after Emperor Gaozong died, Wu Zetian changed the name of the dynasty Tang to Zhou, and became Empress．7． seemed like a hard task for women to be rulers in ancient times, but Wu Zetian succeeded．When she ruled the country, she supported economic and cultural 8． (develop) and improved people's living quality．She also encouraged girls to go to school 9． (study)．Before then, girls were not allowed to go to school． Wu Zetian died at the age of 82, 10． (leave) a gravestone without any words on it．Although the Zhou Dynasty only lasted for one generation, it marked an important period in Chinese history． 语篇导读 主题语境：人与社会/对社会有突出贡献的人物。本文为说明文，介绍了中国历史上唯一的女皇武则天的生平事迹。 1．答案　as　 解析　考查介词。be considered as被认为是……，为固定搭配。 2．答案　wealthy　 解析　考查词性转换。空处作定语修饰family，表示“富裕的”，故填wealthy。 3．答案　was　 解析　考查时态和主谓一致。空处所在句主语为This beautiful girl，谓语应用单数形式，且由when she was young可知，此处应用一般过去时。 4．答案　which　 解析　考查引导词。空处引导非限制性定语从句，补充说明This beautiful girl…when she was young这件事，故填which。 5．答案　was sent　 解析　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。she与send之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，且由When she was about fourteen可知，send所表示的动作发生在过去，所以用一般过去时的被动语态；主语为she，故填was sent。 6．答案　successfully　 解析　考查词性转换。空处作状语修饰made，应用副词。 7．答案　It　 解析　考查代词。空处作形式主语，真正的主语是to be rulers in ancient times，故填It。 8．答案　development　 解析　考查词性转换。空处作宾语，表示“发展”，故填development。 9．答案　to study　 解析　考查非谓语动词。女孩子们去上学的目的是学习，girls与study之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故填to study。 10．答案　leaving　 解析　考查非谓语动词。空处作状语，Wu Zetian与leave之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，且leave所表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生，故填现在分词。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$